text:
[Crystal Clear action run.png]

SevenSwitch

Release status: working

The SevenSwitch is a general purpose DC switch, useful for operating heated beds, heaters, fans and similar devices by 5 V operated electronics, like Generation 6 Electronics, RAMPS, Sanguinololu, Generation 7 Electronics and similars. The only input needed is a 5V signal. It's fast enough to run at 80 kHz PWM, strong enough to switch up to 15  Ampéres and allows voltages of up to 30 V, including 12 and 24 Volts.

The design follows that of the Gen7 Board, so it's easily do-it-yourselfable. You find sources in the Gen7 Github repository, including release documents (PNGs, schematics & layout PDFs).

Contents

-   1 Variants
-   2 How to get it
    -   2.1 PCBs
    -   2.2 Components
-   3 Parts Lists
    -   3.1 Electronic Components & Connectors
-   4 Assembly
    -   4.1 Assembly in Pictures
-   5 Setup
    -   5.1 Power Source
    -   5.2 Powered Checks
    -   5.3 Signal Source
    -   5.4 Prepare your Controller Firmware
    -   5.5 A Word of Caution
-   6 Specials
    -   6.1 24 V
    -   6.2 Non-12-V-Voltages in general
-   7 Application Examples
-   8 Upgrading to v1.2
-   9 History

Variants

Depending on your requirements you can equip the SevenSwitch with a Molex KK156 (pictures to the left) or a screw terminal device connctor (pictures to the right) for the device connector and a disk power connector (upper pictures) or a screw terminal (lower pictures) for the power supply, making a total of 4 possible connector variants:

How to get it

PCBs

Get SevenSwitch PCBs from RepRap DIY (Traumflug's outlet).

If you want to make them yourself you can find production files in the release documents folder of the Github repository and manufacturing instructions on the Gen7 main page. If you want to _sell_ excess copies, plase ask Traumflug for a commercial license.

Components

The easiest way is to get a SevenSwitch Parts Kits from RepRap DIY (Traumflug's outlet).

Parts Lists

If you don't want to order a kit and want to collect all the required components yourself, here's a list of all parts. To assemble or verify these lists, open the layout with gEDA/PCB and export a "BOM".

Electronic Components & Connectors

This list is ordered to match the recommended order of assembly.

Name
Count
Designations
Remarks
Resistor 10 Ohms
1
R1
Resistor 560 Ohms
1
R2
Bright indicator LED on 12 V operations!
Resistor 2.2 kOhms
Alternative for also allowing 24 V operations.
Resistor 1 MOhms
1
R3
Diode 1N4004
1
D1
LED 3 mm Green
1
LED1
Electrolytic Capacitor 100 μF
1
C1
Molex KK100 2 Pin Header
1
CONN2
Cable Connector for the above
1
Crimp Contact for the above
2
Molex KK156 2 Pin Header
0 or 1
HEATER
0 ea. if you choose the alternative screw terminal.
Cable Connector for the above
0 or 1
0 ea. if you choose the alternative screw terminal.
Crimp Contact for the above
0 or 2
0 ea. if you choose the alternative screw terminal.
Disk Power Header
0 or 1
CONN1
0 ea. if you choose the alternative screw terminal.
Alternative to Device Header and Disk Power Header: 2 Pin Screw Terminal
0, 1 or 2
HEATER
MOSFET IRLB 8743
1
Q1

Assembly

-   YOU'LL NEED A SOLDERING TOOLKIT TO DO MOST OF THIS.
-   READ OUR ELECTRONICS FABRICATION GUIDE IF YOU'RE NEW.
-   To find out which components to put where, have the layout on your PC screen available.
-   PCBs fabricated with Voronoi paths need slightly more heat (about 10 deg Celsius more than usual) and a bit more patience. Letting the solder flow for 2 to 3 seconds is always a good idea.
-   Start with the flattest parts, usually the resistors. This way, components won't fall out when you lay the PCB on it's front for soldering. Then continue with parts of raising height, connectors are usually among the last ones.
-   The parts lists are sorted with that in mind, simply start at the top and assemble towards the bottom.
-   To ease soldering of headers or similar components, you can put a small drop of cyanacrylate glue onto the component side before inserting them. As the PCB is single-sided, this won't hurt the solder point.

Assembly in Pictures

Click on the pictures to view them bigger.

-   []

    SevenSwitch 1.2 Layout. If you're unsure, always refer to this picture of the layout. The designators match those in the parts list.

-   []

    For best solder quality, tin all solder points before inserting components (the picture shows a v1.0 board).

-   []

    R1 has 10 Ω, so it's color-coded BROWN-BLACK-BLACK.

-   []

    R3 has 1 MΩ, so it's color-coded BROWN-BLACK-GREEN.

-   []

    R2 has 560 Ω, color code GREEN-BLUE-BROWN or 2.2 kΩ, color code RED-RED-RED. Use 560 Ω if you want to operate 12 V and want to have a bright indicator light, use 2.2 kΩ for switching 24 V.

-   []

    D1 is a diode, so you have to take care of polarity for the first time. Diodes have a white ring on the housing, which must end up closer to the boards boundary.

-   []

    LED1 is a Light Emitting Diode, so direction matters. The longer of it's legs is +, which happens to go into the upper hole. You can also compare with the + sign in the layout.

-   []

    C1 is an electrolytic capacitor, which also has a polarity. It's housing has a white stripe, which is minus (-) and goes to the upper hole. Like with LEDs, the longer leg is +. Again, compare to the layout.

-   []

    This header is for the connection to the controller electronics. The latch goes towards the center of the board.

-   []

    This is the standard device connector. It allows plugging the device quickly and without fear of wrong polarisation. It's also limited to about 7 Ampéres. Don't save on solder, because all current goes through these two pins.

-   []

    This is a screw terminal as device connector. There are four holes, use the ones that fit. Allows initially quicker wiring and up to about 15 Amps. Again, don't save on solder.

-   []

    The standard power supply connector ist the same as the one used for PC disk drives, so it accepts the plugs available on a PC power supply directly. Make sure the campfered corners point towards the center of the board and don't save on solder.

-   []

    If you prefer a screw terminal for connecting the power supply, solder it into the same holes. As you see, the left two holes are the ones to use. Don't save on solder.

-   []

    Finally, insert the MOSFET. As you can see, the metal back goes to the outside, the part number towards the center of the board. Don't save on solder. After that you're done.

Setup

These steps show how to get from a soldered mainboard to a working one.

Power Source

The SevenSwitch is powered by a Molex 4-pin connector, like it's found in PCs. If you use a PC power supply, simply insert a connector that fits. It can be the same supply you use for your remaining electronics or a separate one.

[SevenSwitch 1.2 Power Options DP.jpeg]

-   It's sufficient to connect one of the GND pins.
-   It doesn't matter what's on the fourth pin.
-   With a screw terminal, the left connection is for 12/24 V, the right one is for GND (obviously, as these are the corresponding spots).

Powered Checks

Before connecting a SevenSwitch to a controlling electronics, it's a good idea to do some tests. For these tests, connect the power supply and turn it on.

No smoke? Great!

 Test 1
    Neither of both pins going to the controller should have any voltage ( < 0.1 V). If you had 12 V here, you'd damage your ATmega.

 Test 2
    Do a dry run. Tip the signal (right) pin with 5 V. The LED should light up immeadiately and go off as soon as you remove these 5 V. In case these 5 V come from a different power supply, you have to connect the GND to the left of the signal pin to this supply, too.

 Test 3
    Do the same with a device connected, e.g. a fan or a heated bed to the device connector. Should work just as fine, with the device also turning on and off.

Signal Source

[SevenSwitch 1.2 Signal Pins.jpeg]

The picture shows where to connect the GND and the signal pin. The grounds on the signal and the Molex 4-pin power connector are connected together on the board. However you can use an independant power supply different from your main system as long as the two grounds are tied together or the supply ground can float to your main system ground. There is no optical or other isolation. Remember that the fan or heater is driven in a low side switch configuration so it will have the 12V supply connected even if it is not switched on.

Prepare your Controller Firmware

How to prepare your controller electronics obviously heavily depends on your type of electronics (Gen7, Gen6, RAMPS, Sanguinololu, ...), your type of firmware (Teacup, Marlin, Sprinter, Repetier, ...) and the pin you've choosen to fetch the signal from, so I can't give detailed instructions here. Generally, the signal pin for the SevenSwitch is handled like any other pin, no special treatment needed.

The signal pin should be a digital I/O pin, preferably a PWM-able one. If you use an analog pin, make sure the firmware configures it as a digital pin.

If you've figured out how to connect your combination of electronics, firmware and signal pin, please insert your description as an example here.

A Word of Caution

If you bring the SevenSwitch to it's edge, the MOSFET will become hot. Hot, like 60° C or more. The MOSFET will survive more than your fingers, in tests it got up to 110° C without blowing anything.

Circumstances raising MOSFET temperature:

-   Higher PWM frequency.
-   PWM loads of closer to 80%.
-   (no, actual current almost doesn't matter, as the MOSFET can withstand a lot more than the connectors)

Countermeasures:

-   Lower PWM frequency. For example, comment out FAST_PWM in Teacup's config.h.
-   Use a bang bang temperature control. For Teacup, also use BANG_BANG_ON = 255.

For diagrams, see Gen7 Research. SevenSwitch uses a 10 Ω signal resistor.

Specials

24 V

To switch 24 V with a SevenSwitch, replace R2 with 2k2 ohms (or remove it entirely). It'll still work on 12 V then, but the indicator LED will be much dimmer. Choosing R2 is also shown in the assembly instructions above already.

Non-12-V-Voltages in general

The SevenSwitch will happily switch any voltage between zero and 30 Volts (yes, also a voltage lower than the signal voltage). The only part which might need adjustment is R2, the LED pre-resistor. Use 2.2 kΩ for all voltages. On lower voltages the LED will be dimmer, which can be compensated with a smaller R2. If you have no replacement resistor handy, you can remove R2 entirely and loose the LED's functionality. The switch works without indicator LED just fine.

Application Examples

Stemer114 describes he connected his SevenSwitch to a Sanguinololu in the RepRap forum.

Upgrading to v1.2

If you have an older SevenSwitch, it's pretty simple to upgrade it to a v1.2 one. You need an 1 MΩ resistor between gate of the MOSFET and GND, which can be added on the solder side. Like this:

[SevenSwitch 1.2 Upgrade.jpeg]

History

SevenSwitch 1.2 has the following changes compared to SevenSwitch 1.1:

-   Additional 1 Mohms pulldown resistor on the MOSFET gate to turn the MOSFET off with no signal connected.
-   The footprint for screw terminals on the power supply side was removed again, as these fit just nicely into the holes for the disk power connector.

question: What does the text say about the assembly of the SevenSwitch?

answer: To assemble the Seven Switch, a soldering toolkit is needed for most of the assembly. The instructions recommends starting with the flattest parts, which are usually the resistors, and ending with the connectors. Using small drops of cyanacrylate glue helps soldering some of the components. The assembly parts list are sorted to being at the top of the list and work your way down.


split: test

text:
*First post on reddit, first post in this subreddit, first short story ever :D Enjoy.*

**Skin-Deep**
What nice shirt he wore this evening, he looked so precious and nice. He was always concerned about his looks: How would others perceive him? So he went out to get the new trends, new clothes, new shoes, all to make people like him. He was standing in his room - it was a mess:
His dirty clothes were piling up on his bed and he would put them on his chair when he wants to sleep. Next to his desktop there were unwashed plates from all the instant food he used to eat. Trash was lying on the floor, pizza boxes, tissues, papers from school, chips bags and cardboard from his latest online purchases. His floor was still sticky from the parties he used to have. Beers would spill as well as wine. It was undoubtedly chaotic.
He didn’t even considered to clean up. “There are more important things.” he thought, while wasting his time. All the time his mom would tell him: “Clean up that mess!” She has always been very concerned about him. In her eyes he should be a good and neat boy. She felt like this education failed on him. She was worried about him ever getting back on track, studying something, doing anything that can get him a job later. Right now all he did was partying, getting drunk and high and hitting up with girls. He was always living in the moment whatever comes to his mind he would do, always following the latest trends and notions.
He was one of the person who has a thousand friends on Facebook but yet all of his real life friendships would be superficial, as he meets his friends on parties where they would pretend to be best friends without knowing each other. Kian isn’t too much into in-depth relationships. He has no close friends to talk to about problems or feelings, although doing this would help him a lot in many cases. But there was Aaron. Aaron and Kian know each other since Elementary School and they always had contact. It wasn’t too intense but for Kian it is his longest lasting friendship so far. Now and then they would meet. Both of them enjoyed it but it never got the depth Aaron had in other friendships.

Kian was standing in front of the mirror. His window was open and the sun was shining in his room through the south-facing window, illuminating him. The warm breeze of an early summer evening came in through the window. Once again he changed. His trouser didn’t fit his shirt so he decided to go with the black one instead. Black with blue – “Yes now it fits” he thought to himself. He didn’t know what he was dressing up for, but he knew that he would go out tonight. He played back his favourite electronic tune. He likes electronic music – he was always up to date with the latest tracks from the scene - no need to think too much about anything with this music – just relaxing and preparing for the next party to come. Putting his clothes to the floor, he laid down on his bed; on days he used to be sleepy, as he likes to stay up late for no reason, browsing the web, texting people.
Tonight Kian and Aaron arranged to meet each other to sip a beer together, listening to music, chatting about random occurrences, raging about school and discover some new online trends - a typical evening for them. At the same time there is also a party in town at the “Miracle” - Kian’s favourite club to go out. It is huge, 3 floors, space for about 1500 people and a lot of them Kian knows. He checked Facebook to see who is heading there tonight. Kleve, Darcy, Ryan, Sam, Holly... Holly he has a crush on her for quite some time now, basically since the week they met each other at the Miracle and danced till the morning. Kian is looking forward to seeing her again; he is uncertain to go there. “Maybe she is the one.” he told himself. “Maybe this time it will last longer than one night.”. BLING. Aaron texts him:
“Yo mate, what’s up? What time should we meet tdy? 9 @ ur crib?” He locked his phone and put it on his bedside table, next to his alarm clock, a nap was the first thing he wanted now, still being sleepy and having some time left until he has to decide where to go tonight.
The sun already set when he woke up and the air coming from the window got colder, making his room chilled. No new notifications on his phone but still the pending message from Aaron and the question what to do this night. He closed the window and set down at his desk. Holly. He really wanted to see her this night. “Can we postpone our meeting, Aaron?” he texted back. “No time tdy, sry… :/”. “kk” answered Aaron.
Kian went to the bathroom to refresh and then head out to Miracle. He stopped by the fridge to get some booze for the way there. When it comes to partying he wouldn’t go without booze. “It doesn’t make sense to stay sober. Why would I go there then?” he would say.
Arriving at Miracle he immediately met Ryan and Sam, two of his party friends. They shared a mix of vodka before entering and made fun about the last time they met there. In a shabby alley they smoked a joint Sam brought with him. This was the right level to enter the club. Kian was looking for Holly the whole time, but he couldn’t find her. “Maybe she’s not here yet.” he thought to himself while he was greeting everyone he met ever before either on a party or on Facebook, pretending to know them. Getting rejected was something he got used to. Not much later he found himself alone. He was drunk and had lost Sam and Ryan on the party. At the bar he ordered his next drink and spend one to some strangers, who were exploiting him. He sat down. The world was turning, the music was hammering on his head and he felt tired. Holly. She came to his mind again. That was the reason he went there. Stumbling through the club he was searching for her, hoping to pick her up and take her to his home. He stopped and scanned the dance floor closely. So many faces he recognized. Not the one he was looking for. A blonde girl turned around and there she stood, Holly, so daintily. Kian’s view was blurred but her face was so clear to him. Focussing her gave him a hard time. She was dancing. Just like the night they met for the first time. She meant so much to him. Would she even know him anymore? They became Facebook friends, but they haven’t had contact since. Kian was nervous but he wanted to talk to her, when he suddenly realises that she is dancing with another guy. This wasn’t what he expected at all. He felt something special, but now, for her, he was just a random guy. Just like he always sees his pickups, it seems he became one of these for her now. He was like fossilised. Couldn’t move nor breathe for a fraction of seconds. The bass was still hammering on him, but he didn’t care anymore. Two more shots and he would walk off. Desperately he turned to Holly again. She hasn’t noticed him at all.
He woke up. His head was aching. “Blackout – again” he thought, trying to remember what happened during the night. He took his phone and looked for messages from the night. Aaron texted him: “How’s your night?”. He went to Facebook to check out Holly again and went back to Aarons message. “Holly isn’t worth it probably.” he questioned himself what to do.
He needed someone to talk. Was Aaron the right person for that? He let him down so many times already and their relation wasn’t too strong at all. He looked around his room. The walls were blank: no postcards, no photos not even posters. Just like his blank mind. No memory of this night. Nothing to remember, no one but Aaron. If there would be someone it would be him. So he called him.
“Yo, what up bro?” said Kian.
- “Hey Kain, what’s up?” answered Aaron.
“Just wanted to chat a little, I have such a bad hangover…”
- “Oh so you’ve been out last night?”
“Yes…”
- “I thought you were busy…really don’t know what to think right now. See you keep partying all the time although we planned something and then you call me like nothing happened... that’s really not what I’m looking for..”
“I don’t get why you’re so mad. I can do whatever I want to do and you said you would be ok with meeting another day.”
- “Sure, what else could I say? You always try to be friends with everyone, that simply doesn’t work.”
“As if, I just wanted to go partying yesterday…”
- “Same old story..”
“C’mon you know that’s nonsense.”
- “Yeah keep pretending…whatever” – Aaron hang up

Duut, duut, duut. Kian hang up as well and put his phone aside. Silence. The birds were tweeting from outside. His headache got stronger and felt like a jackhammer inside his head. Rolling from side to side he could finally make it out of bed to get him a painkiller. That was when he realized that he still was in his smelly party outfit.

title: [RF]"Skin-Deep"

question: What does the text say about Kian and Aaron's friendship?

answer: They have been friends for a long time, but they aren't close. Kian takes his friendship as guaranteed, almost saying so to his face. Despite an earlier agreement to meet, Kian cancels their meeting, saying he's busy just to try and see a girl he danced with one night. Kian sees the girl dancing with another guy so nothing comes of his night out at the club, and he decides to call Aaron to have someone to talk to. However, he talks about being out the previous night, and Aaron realizes how inconsiderate Kian is and hangs up after chastising Kian.

question: Summarize Kian's daily life.

answer: He's a slacker and a socialite with shallow friendships and no deep relation to anyone. However, Kian has more than 1000 Facebook friends. He has no regular schedule, doesn't look after his place, or seemingly himself apart from obsessing about how he looks. He parties often, and he's usually drunk and high. Kian assumes that he can do whatever he wants, whenever he wants.

question: What does the text say about the effects of social media on friendships?


text:
“So this is it, huh?”

The words hung flat in the air, the cold hard truth began to settle in.  The Marine tightened his grip around the Woman seated next to him and pulled her closer, nuzzling his head on top of hers. They were high school sweethearts, a power couple that had lasted longer than many expected and that had been put through the ringer on multiple occasions, each time strengthening the relationship more and more.  They went through hell and high water together — deployments, the erratic movements across the country, even death.  And yet, despite their best efforts to keep the spark aflame it had slowly trinkled out, the stress and loneliness became unbearable and in humane for the Woman.  She was a strong woman, having grown up in bad circumstances that rivaled the Marine’s, and stayed true through the many hardships they encountered but the constant fear of the safety and well-being of the Marine, along with her own problems in her life, had taken a toll on her.

When the Marine returned from his most recent deployment, he already knew he was living on borrowed time.  The last time he was able to contact the Woman they argued about the status of their relationship; she was exhausted and tired of being alone all the time, tired of being scared for the well-being of the Marine.  They agreed to discuss the future when he returned but he already knew the answer.

“Yeah, it is.  I’m so sorry — I’m sorry I wasn’t strong enough for you, I’m sorry for hurting you, I’m sorry for everything,” the Woman choked out, trying to fight the tears that were beginning to fall.  The Marine asked to see her and she refused, covering her face as the tears started to rain down.

“It’s okay, it’s not your fault,” he whispered to her. “No matter what I will always love you and support you, I will always have your back and I know that you will always have mine.  If the opportunity rises again in the future, and we are both up for it, then I’m willing to try this out again.”  The Marine reached up and gently caressed the Woman’s face, slowly pulling her towards him; with his free hand he wiped the tears away the best he could.  He looked into her eyes and smiled, “I have made a lot of decisions that I’ve regretted in my life, but I think it’s safe to say that meeting you was the best decision I’ve ever made.  Let’s not dwell on how it ended but rather let’s relish on all the amazing things we’ve done, all the experiences and memories we made together.”

Standing up, he reached out for her hand and helped her up.  They looked around, the park was as empty as it was when they arrived.  The lights scattered about were slowly turning on one by one as the night sky started to settle, the fleeting colors of the sunset shimmering in a nearby pond.  The Marine held the Woman’s hands and faced her, smiling — “You’re as beautiful as the day I met you,” he said.  She smiled back,  “And your smile is still as bright as the sun, so warm and comforting.”

He let go of the Woman and pulled out his phone.  “For my final act of war, I ask you this:  May I have this one last dance with you, ma’am?”  She chuckled and looked into his eyes, her answer need not be said.  The Marine smiled and selected their song, putting the phone on the bench.  He wrapped his arms around her and her around him and they began to sway slowly to the song.

***“If I go, a million miles away***

***I'd write a letter, each and everyday***

***'Cause honey nothing, nothing can ever change this love I have for you....”***

They looked into each others eyes and reminisced about the past — the years starting to pass by their very own eyes.  Memories flooded their minds: the day they met, their first kiss, graduation, all the ups and downs they encountered throughout the years.  The Marine pulled her tight and hugged her, kissing the top of her head.  “I love you,” he whispered and she whispered back, “I love you too.”

***“...You’re the apple of my eye, you're cherry pie***

***And oh you’re, you're cake and ice cream***

***Oh you're sugar and spice, and everything nice***

***You're the girl of my, my, my, my, dreams...”***

The song started to come to a close, the Marine broke the embrace and looked into her eyes.  She reached up and planted her lips on his for the last time as the last bits of sunshine were drained from the sky and were replaced with the dark of the night.

***“...'Cause honey nothing, nothing, nothing can ever change this, love I have, for you.”***

edit: formatting

title: [NF] The Last Dance

question: What is the status of the protagonists' relationship?

answer: The protagonists are ending their relationship to one another, but they still love each other.

question: When does this story take place?

answer: This story happens at sunset.

question: Do the protagonists still love each other?

answer: Yes the protagonists still love each other.

question: What are the protagonists doing at the end of the story?

answer: At the end the protagonists are dancing together and they kiss.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The Marine and the Woman are in a loving relationship but things have become complicated. They agree to split up, and have one last dance and kiss while they reminisce about the past.


text:
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 Home Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.

涼宮ハルヒの憂鬱 長門有希 激奏Ver. (1/8スケールPVC塗装済み完成品)

[Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.] [Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.] [Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.] [Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.] [Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.]

[Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver.]

FRANCHISE: Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu
RELEASE DATE: 15. May 2009
BRAND: Max Factory
TYPE: General

-   [Suzumiya Haruhi no Yuuutsu - Nagato Yuki - 1/8 - Gekisou Ver. - 1]
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question: Summarize the types of shipping available.

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question: What is the origin of the company's name?


text:
JESSAMINE COUNTY () is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 48,586.[1] Its county seat is Nicholasville.[2] The county was founded in December 1798.[3]

Jessamine County is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is within the Inner Blue Grass region, long a center of farming and blooded stock raising, including thoroughbred horses. The legislature established a commercial wine industry here in the late 18th century.

History

Jessamine County was established in 1798 from land given by Fayette County.[4] Jessamine was the 36th Kentucky county in order of formation.[5] The county was named for Jessamine Douglass, the daughter of a pioneer settler.[6][7] Most of the early pioneers were from Virginia, who came through the mountains after the American Revolutionary War.

In the late 18th century, the Kentucky General Assembly passed a bill to establish a commercial vineyard and winery, based in Nicholasville and the first in the United States, known as First Vineyard.[8] Wine making based on European grapes became widespread in the United States. After the Prohibition era, which lasted from 1920 to 1933, the county voted to prohibit alcohol sales. As it allowed an exception for the “wet” city of Nicholasville, where package alcohol sales are allowed, it is classified as “dry.” The Chrisman Mill Vineyards is authorized to operate and sell its product in the dry portion of the county.[9]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (1.4%) is water.[10] In 2000, nearly of the county's total area was dedicated to agriculture.[11]

The county's entire southern border is formed by the Kentucky River. Jessamine County's river bank extends roughly long[12] due to meandering, and the river's scenic Palisades feature heavily along this border.

Adjacent counties

-   Fayette County (northeast)
-   Madison County (southeast)
-   Garrard County (south)
-   Mercer County (southwest)
-   Woodford County (northwest)

Demographics

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 39,041 people, 13,867 households, and 10,663 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 14,646 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 94.44% White, 3.13% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.58% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.47% from other races, and 1.14% from two or more races. 1.31% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 13,867 households, out of which 38.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.90% were married couples living together, 11.10% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.10% were non-families. 18.50% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.05.

The age distribution was 26.40% under the age of 18, 11.60% from 18 to 24, 31.10% from 25 to 44, 21.40% from 45 to 64, and 9.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.80 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $40,096, and the median income for a family was $46,152. Males had a median income of $32,340 versus $23,771 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,842. About 8.40% of families and 10.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.70% of those under age 18 and 9.90% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

The Lexington Area MPO is responsible for transportation planning for Fayette and Jessamine counties. This includes activities such as carpool matching, administering a commuter vanpool program, air quality forecasting, bicycle and pedestrian planning, congestion management, and developing transportation plans and documents.

Communities

Cities

-   Nicholasville (county seat)
-   Wilmore

Education

Jessamine County Schools provides public education|.[14][15]

Elementary Schools

-   Brookside Elementary
-   Jessamine Early Learning Village
-   Nicholasville Elementary
-   Red Oak Elementary
-   Rosenwald-Dunbar Elementary
-   Warner Elementary
-   Wilmore Elementary

Middle Schools

-   East Jessamine Middle
-   West Jessamine Middle

Middle/High School

-   The Providence School

High Schools

-   East Jessamine High
-   West Jessamine High
-   Jessamine Career and Technology Center (JCTC)

Adult Education

-   Jessamine County Adult Education

Unincorporated Communities

Census-designated place

-   High Bridge

Other unincorporated places

-   Brannon Woods
-   Keene

Politics

  Year                               Republican                                   Democratic                                  Third parties
  ---------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ---------------
  style=“text-align:center;” |2016   style=“text-align:center;” |66.3% _15,474_   style=“text-align:center;” |26.3% _6,144_   7.3% _1,708_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2012   style=“text-align:center;” |69.0% _14,233_   style=“text-align:center;” |29.1% _6,001_   1.9% _399_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2008   style=“text-align:center;” |67.8% _13,711_   style=“text-align:center;” |30.9% _6,236_   1.3% _267_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2004   style=“text-align:center;” |69.8% _12,972_   style=“text-align:center;” |29.5% _5,476_   0.7% _132_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2000   style=“text-align:center;” |66.9% _10,074_   style=“text-align:center;” |30.8% _4,633_   2.4% _354_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1996   style=“text-align:center;” |54.8% _6,686_    style=“text-align:center;” |36.3% _4,428_   9.0% _1,096_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1992   style=“text-align:center;” |52.5% _6,474_    style=“text-align:center;” |30.5% _3,764_   17.0% _2,101_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1988   style=“text-align:center;” |69.8% _7,057_    style=“text-align:center;” |29.2% _2,955_   1.0% _104_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1984   style=“text-align:center;” |74.1% _7,081_    style=“text-align:center;” |24.9% _2,379_   1.0% _96_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1980   style=“text-align:center;” |56.4% _4,809_    style=“text-align:center;” |38.8% _3,310_   4.8% _411_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1976   style=“text-align:center;” |51.3% _3,081_    style=“text-align:center;” |46.6% _2,795_   2.1% _128_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1972   style=“text-align:center;” |72.9% _3,819_    style=“text-align:center;” |24.2% _1,269_   2.9% _150_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1968   style=“text-align:center;” |45.5% _2,338_    style=“text-align:center;” |25.9% _1,334_   28.6% _1,471_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1964   style=“text-align:center;” |43.4% _1,968_    style=“text-align:center;” |54.9% _2,485_   1.7% _77_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1960   style=“text-align:center;” |58.0% _2,787_    style=“text-align:center;” |42.1% _2,022_   0.0% _0_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1956   style=“text-align:center;” |51.4% _2,340_    style=“text-align:center;” |45.5% _2,072_   3.1% _141_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1952   style=“text-align:center;” |45.8% _2,193_    style=“text-align:center;” |53.8% _2,578_   0.4% _21_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1948   style=“text-align:center;” |35.0% _1,414_    style=“text-align:center;” |56.9% _2,301_   8.1% _326_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1944   style=“text-align:center;” |42.1% _1,790_    style=“text-align:center;” |57.1% _2,426_   0.8% _32_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1940   style=“text-align:center;” |39.2% _1,837_    style=“text-align:center;” |60.0% _2,815_   0.9% _40_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1936   style=“text-align:center;” |42.2% _2,066_    style=“text-align:center;” |57.4% _2,813_   0.5% _23_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1932   style=“text-align:center;” |37.2% _1,710_    style=“text-align:center;” |62.5% _2,873_   0.3% _12_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1928   style=“text-align:center;” |55.5% _2,857_    style=“text-align:center;” |44.6% _2,295_   0.0% _0_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1924   style=“text-align:center;” |45.0% _2,144_    style=“text-align:center;” |51.9% _2,470_   3.1% _150_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1920   style=“text-align:center;” |41.3% _2,349_    style=“text-align:center;” |56.4% _3,206_   2.4% _134_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1916   style=“text-align:center;” |42.5% _1,326_    style=“text-align:center;” |55.4% _1,727_   2.1% _65_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1912   style=“text-align:center;” |31.7% _895_      style=“text-align:center;” |53.4% _1,506_   14.9% _421_

  : PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS RESULTS[16]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

title: Jessamine County, Kentucky

question: What does the article say about the founder of Jessamine County?

question: What does the article say about majorities?

answer: The racial makeup of the county in 2000 was 94.44% White. 61.90% of households were married couples living together. 31.10% of residents were aged 25 to 44.


text:
ELEANOR HALL: The Brotherhood of St Laurence is calling for urgent action from the new Tasmanian Government to address youth unemployment.

The charity warns that if the current jobs trend continues then a third of the young people in some regions of the state could be unemployed.

Australian Bureau of Statistics figures that show youth unemployment is already at 20 per cent on Tasmania's north-west coast.

In Hobart, Felicity Ogilvie reports.

FELICITY OGILVIE: North-west Tasmania is one of the hardest places in Australia for young people to find a job.

Burnie is the biggest city in the region and that's where 16-year-old Dyon Battye was going to school until he left to try to find a job.

DYON BATTYE: Very hard because there's just nothing on my rumand me putting in for jobs with other people and other people have probably got jobs on their rum and stuff. It just makes it harder for me 'cause I'm so young.

FELICITY OGILVIE: Do you know many other people around Burnie who are also young and unemployed?

DYON BATTYE: I reckon about 90-odd per cent of my school last year was and only a handful of people are working for their parents or family members and friends.

FELICITY OGILVIE: Tasmania has the nation's highest unemployment rate: it's 7.6 per cent. But the youth rate around Burnie is almost triple that at 20 per cent.

The Brotherhood of St Laurence says if that trend continues for the next two years, it will hit 33 per cent.

The executive director of the Brotherhood of St Laurence, Tony Nicholson, says the state is headed for a social disaster

TONY NICHOLSON: What this latest analysis paints a picture of is an unfolding social disaster that has been unheralded and we simply can't stand idly by and see this type of social disaster unfolding in our communities.

FELICITY OGILVIE: He says that young people are being left behind by the modern economy, where employers want workers with experience and skills.

TONY NICHOLSON: Our new government in Tasmania needs to grow the economy and create jobs but that won't necessarily solve the problem of youth unemployment unless we have a strategy that assists those young people leaving school, wanting to get into the workforce with proper vocational advice, with some skills training around what is expected of them in the workplace and the opportunity to gain work experience.

FELICITY OGILVIE: The deputy Liberal leader, Jeremy Rockliff, says the Government will invest in programs to tackle the problem.

JEREMY ROCKLIFF: We will do that in partnership with a number of organisations, firstly Whitelion. We will have a partnership with them, a three-year partnership where we can put and find and help and assist 200 youths at risk to ensure that they re-engage in the workforce but particularly re-engage in vocational education and training.

FELICITY OGILVIE: The new government will also give the Beacon Foundation money that will be used to run programs in high schools.

The foundation's state manager, Anthony Stewart, says they try to teach teenagers where to find work.

ANTHONY STEWART: We see a lot of these young people that are interested in mainly hairdressing or construction and automotive. We survey around 14,000 kids across the country and it doesn't really match up with the opportunities that lay outside the school gates.

So I think that's why it's important that industry are connecting with our schools.

FELICITY OGILVIE: Back in Burnie, Dyon Battye still hopes to find someone to take him on as a carpenter's apprentice.

DYON BATTYE: Oh, it'd be excellent. I can start saving up my money, probably buy a brand new car for when I get my Ps. Help my parents out with bills maybe. Help pay off their cars when they've got a loan. Yeah, it'd be excellent.

ELEANOR HALL: That's 16-year-old Dyon Battye ending that report from Felicity Ogilvie.

question: What is the situation of youth unemployment in Tasmania?

answer: Youth unemployment is already at 7.6 percent in Tasmania, and in Burnie it is almost triple that at 20 percent. If the trend continues it may rise to 33 percent. Young people surveyed do not have the skills necessary to participate in the workforce of the advanced economy.


text:
[Telephones first became popular for the Lost Generation|thumb] The LOST GENERATION was the social generational cohort that came of age during World War I. “Lost” in this context refers to the “disoriented, wandering, directionless” spirit of many of the war's survivors in the early postwar period.[1] The term is also particularly used to refer to a group of American expatriate writers living in Paris during the 1920s.[2][3][4] Gertrude Stein is credited with coining the term, and it was subsequently popularized by Ernest Hemingway who used it in the epigraph for his 1926 novel _The Sun Also Rises_: “You are all a lost generation”.[5][6]

In a more general sense, the Lost Generation is considered to be made up of individuals born between 1883 and 1900.[7] The last surviving person known to have been born in the 19th century died in 2017.[8]

In literature

thumb|left|upright=0.9|Gertrude Stein with Ernest Hemingway's son, Jack in 1924. Stein is credited with bringing the term “Lost Generation” into use. In his memoir _A Moveable Feast_ (1964), published after Hemingway's and Stein's deaths, Hemingway writes that Stein heard the phrase from a French garage owner who serviced Stein's car. When a young mechanic failed to repair the car quickly enough, the garage owner shouted at the young man, "You are all a “_génération perdue._”" While telling Hemingway the story, Stein added: “That is what you are. That's what you all are ... all of you young people who served in the war. You are a lost generation.” Hemingway thus credits the phrase to Stein, who was then his mentor and patron.[9]

The 1926 publication of Hemingway's _The Sun Also Rises_ popularized the term; the novel serves to epitomize the post-war expatriate generation. However, Hemingway later wrote to his editor Max Perkins that the “point of the book” was not so much about a generation being lost, but that “the earth abideth forever.” Hemingway believed the characters in _The Sun Also Rises_ may have been “battered” but were not lost.

Consistent with this ambivalence, Hemingway employs “Lost Generation” as one of two contrasting epigraphs for his novel. In _A Moveable Feast_, Hemingway writes, “I tried to balance Miss Stein's quotation from the garage owner with one from Ecclesiastes.” A few lines later, recalling the risks and losses of the war, he adds: “I thought of Miss Stein and Sherwood Anderson and egotism and mental laziness versus discipline and I thought 'who is calling who a lost generation?{{'”}}

Literary themes

[Typewriters entered common use as a writing tool for the Lost Generation] The writings of the Lost Generation literary figures often pertained to the writers' experiences in World War I and the years following it. It is said that the work of these writers was autobiographical based on their use of mythologized versions of their lives.[10] One of the themes that commonly appears in the authors' works is decadence and the frivolous lifestyle of the wealthy.[11] Both Hemingway and Fitzgerald touched on this theme throughout the novels _The Sun Also Rises_ and _The Great Gatsby_. Another theme commonly found in the works of these authors was the death of the American dream, which is exhibited throughout many of their novels.[12] It is particularly prominent in _The Great Gatsby_, in which the character Nick Carraway comes to realize the corruption that surrounds him.

Other uses

The term is also used in a broader context for the generation of young people who came of age during and shortly after World War I. Authors William Strauss and Neil Howe define the Lost Generation as the cohort born from 1883 to 1900, who came of age during World War I and the Roaring Twenties. In Europe, they are mostly known as the “Generation of 1914”, for the year World War I began. In France, the country in which many expatriates settled, they were sometimes called the _Génération du feu_, the “(gun)fire generation”. In Great Britain, the term was originally used for those who died in the war, and often implicitly referred to upper-class casualties who were perceived to have died disproportionately, robbing the country of a future elite. Many felt that “the flower of youth and the best manhood of the peoples [had] been mowed down,”[13] for example such notable casualties as the poets Isaac Rosenberg, Rupert Brooke, Edward Thomas and Wilfred Owen, composer George Butterworth and physicist Henry Moseley.

Notable figures

Notable figures of the Lost Generation include F. Scott Fitzgerald,[14] Gertrude Stein, Ernest Hemingway, T. S. Eliot,[15] Ezra Pound, Jean Rhys[16] and Sylvia Beach.[17]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]  The Hemingway Project|website=www.thehemingwayproject.com|access-date=2016-03-30}}

[11]  Great Writers Inspire|website=writersinspire.org|access-date=2016-03-30}}

[12]

[13] Rosa Luxemburg et al., "A Spartacan Manifesto, _The Nation_, 8 March 1919, pp. 373–374

[14] Lapsansky-Werner, Emma J. United States History: Modern America. Boston, MA: Pearson Learning Solutions, 2011. Print. Page 238

[15]

[16]

[17]

title: Lost Generation

question: How did the phrase "Lost Generation" enter popular use?

answer: Ernest Hemingway popularized it in his 1926 novel, "The Sun Also Rises." He got the idea from Gertrude Stein, who heard it at a French car garage. When a young mechanic failed to repair a car quickly enough, the garage owner shouted that all the young people were part of a "génération perdue." Stein connected this to those who had spent their youth fighting World War I.

question: What notable years are associated with the "Lost Generation"?

answer: In a general sense, the Lost Generation is anyone born between 1883 and 1900. In Europe, the generation is called the "Generation of 1914" due to the year the First World War began. It refers to those who came of age during World War One or fought in it.

question: What literary themes are associated with the Lost Generation?

answer: One of the themes that commonly appears is decadence and the frivolous lifestyle of the wealthy, in contrast to those who had died in the War. The theme of Hemingway's "The Sun Also Rises" was, according to him, not that the generation was lost, but that "the earth abideth forever" and that the characters in the book were battered but not lost.


text:
Women who are not entirely straight or gay tend to have slightly higher levels of psychopathic traits and a more casual attitude towards sex, according to new research published in the journal _Evolutionary Psychological Science_. The study also provides more evidence that bisexuality is a distinct sexual orientation in women.

“I was mainly interested in this topic because certain patterns seemed to be accruing in the academic literature regarding bisexual individuals, and bisexual women in particular. Bisexual women differ in some important ways––such as personality, sex drive, and relative openness to casual sex––from both their heterosexual and their lesbian counterparts,” said Scott W. Semenyna of University of Lethbridge, the corresponding author of the study.

“My specific interest in the overlap between sexual orientation, Dark Triad traits (psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism), and sociosexuality sprang from two key findings. First, bisexual women report elevated sociosexuality (i.e., greater comfort with, desire for, and engagement in uncommitted sexual activity) compared to both heterosexual or lesbian women. Second, bisexual women report slightly lower levels of two personality traits––honesty/humility, and conscientiousness––than other sexual orientation groups.”

“These personality traits have both been related to higher levels of Dark Triad traits, and also greater sociosexuality,” Semenyna told PsyPost. “These past findings suggest that female sexual orientation may share some unique relationships with both personality, and sexuality related variables, and I wanted to dig deeper into those potential connections.”

The researchers found that bisexual women tended to score higher on measures of sociosexuality and psychopathy than strictly heterosexual and lesbian women.

The findings were based on two surveys of a total of 1,093 female students at a Midwestern Canadian University. The study utilized the Kinsey scale of sexual attraction, which ranges from exclusively heterosexual to exclusively homosexual. In the very middle of the scale are individuals who are mostly heterosexual, equally heterosexual and homosexual, and mostly homosexual.

“The big-picture take away from this study is that sociosexuality shares a curvilinear (inverted-U) relationship with female sexual orientation,” Semenyna explained. “Heterosexual and lesbian women don’t tend to differ from one another in their relative caution towards uncommitted sexual activity. Women towards the middle of the sexual orientation spectrum, especially those who are ‘moderately bisexual,’ are somewhat less cautious about uncommitted sexual activity.”

“Alongside these shifts in sociosexuality are shifts in some Dark Triad personality traits, particularly psychopathy,” Semenyna told PsyPost. “These shifts are subtle, only about as large as typical sex differences in the traits, but they’re interesting. (Men typically score higher in all Dark Triad traits, as well as interest in casual sex, than do women.)”

“Primarily such evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that female bisexuality and female homosexuality are the result of different developmental processes. If female bisexuality and homosexuality were simply the result of the same underlying developmental processes, one would expect that any differences between heterosexual and bisexual women in personality or interest in casual sex would be even larger when comparing heterosexual and lesbian women.”

“Instead, what we observe is that lesbian and heterosexual women don’t differ in these variables, despite drastic difference in who they are sexually attracted to,” Semenyna said. “On the other hand, bisexual women are higher in these traits than heterosexual or lesbian women, while being attracted to some degree to both males and females.”

The study does have some limitations.

“While research into female sexuality and women’s sexual orientation has grown in the last few decades, we are in desperate need of more data to bridge the substantial gaps in our understanding,” Semenyna remarked.

“The biggest caveat in the present study is that the sexual orientation differences in psychopathy have not yet been replicated. The study adds support to other findings that bisexual women are more interested in casual sex, and engage in it more often (often with men). Other aspects of the study require replication, ideally by independent researchers.”

“The other caveat is that this study was conducted on an extremely WEIRD sample (i.e., Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic). It’s unclear whether these differences apply only to university students, if similar differences may exist in the general population, or what possible cross-cultural variation exists in these patterns,” Semenyna said.

“The cross-sectional nature of the study also prevents any causal connections from being drawn. First we have to establish these potential differences as reliable, then we have to interpret why these difference may exist and what they mean. In short, this study is an extremely small thread in a large tapestry that is slowly being woven, but is far from complete.”

Semenyna also emphasized that the study should not be misinterpreted as an attack on bisexuality or bisexual women.

“I’ve seen certain criticisms online of the study that it suggests that bisexual women are ‘slutty,’ or that we are trying to paint bisexual women in a negative light. Essentially the research is being accused of being ‘biphobic,'” he explained.

“I think this is unfortunate for several reasons. The first of which is that the purpose of science is to investigate and understand, and report results regardless of how well they fit our preconceptions and preferences. Scientific investigation of sexual minorities is an important step towards greater understanding, and ultimately greater acceptance.”

“The second reason is that I don’t see anything inherently wrong with people being comfortable with and pursuing casual sexual behavior, and having the freedom to do so. The sexual orientation differences in sociosexuality, as well as psychopathy, are only about as large as the typical sex differences found in these traits, with men on average scoring slightly higher than women on average,” Semenyna said.

“To suggest that these differences in sociosexuality or psychopathy paint bisexual women in a negative light is to simultaneously smear men, who similarly score higher than heterosexual women on these traits. To view normal variation (i.e., diversity) in human personality and sexual behavior as somehow problematic is ultimately counterproductive to both scientific progress on these topics, and social acceptance.”

The study, “Not Straight and Not Straightforward: the Relationships Between Sexual Orientation, Sociosexuality, and Dark Triad Traits in Women“, Charlene F. Belu, Paul L. Vasey, and P. Lynne Honey.

question: Summarize what the article has to say about Dark Triad personality traits.

answer: The article states that the Dark Triad traits are psychopathy, narcissism, and Machiavellianism. The personality traits displayed by bisexual women are related to higher levels of Dark Triad traits. Bisexual women score higher on measures of psychopathy than heterosexual or lesbian women. Men also typically score higher in all Dark Triad traits.

question: What does the article say about sociosexuality?

answer: Bisexual women tend to have a more casual attitude towards sex. They have greater comfort with, desire for, and engagement in uncommitted sexual activity compared to heterosexual or lesbian women. They score higher than hereosexual or lesbian women on measures of sociosexuality. Thus, sociosexuality shares a curvilinear relationship with female sexual orientation. The study has been criticized for suggesting that bisexual women are "slutty". Semenya, the author, argues that there isn't anything inherently wrong with pursuing casual sexual behavior and that men also share similar traits.

question: What does the article say about how bisexual women compare to bisexual men?


text:
IZELLAH CONNELLY is an Australian singer-songwriter with a background in musical theater. She is known for her songs and theater performances, especially in _Matilda the Musical_[1][2][3]

Biography

Izellah was born on 26 October 2006 in Tweed Heads on the far north coast of New South Wales, Australia and lived the first five years of her life in the beach-side village of Fingal Head. Her grandfather John Patty came from Ambon, East Indonesia, where singing is still an integral part of every social occasion and most developed among Christians.

Theater performances

At age 5 Izellah became a part of St Hilda’s School’s Athena Program for children with particular talents and started taking singing lessons[4][5]

At the age of 6 she successfully auditioned for her first role of Arun in Opera Australia’s production of The King & I, in which she gave 34 performances at the Queensland Performing Arts Centre (QPAC) in Brisbane, Australia[6]

At age 7 she played the role Gracie Shinn in The Queensland Musical Theater Company production of The Music Man[7]

At age 8 she also auditioned for the role of Gretl in the London Palladium production of The Sound of Music in which she performed 31 shows at the Queensland Performing Arts Centre (QPAC) in Brisbane, Australia[8]

At age 10 Izellah took the converted role of Matilda in the Royal Shakespeare Company production of Matilda the Musical in which she performed 84 shows in Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide and Auckland.[9]

At age 11 Izellah took a lead role as Grace in Universal Studio’s (Japan) annual Christmas spectacular ‘Voice of an Angel’, which had an international cast of around 50 people[10][11]

Matilda the Musical

At age 10 Izellah took the converted role of Matilda in the Royal Shakespeare Company production of Matilda the Musical in which she performed 84 shows in Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide and Auckland[12] On Adelaide’s opening night Izellah Connelly performed a leading role of Matilda (one of four Matildas).[13][14]

Musical career

In 2018, she transitioned from stage to studio, collaborating with notable songwriters and producers in Los Angeles and New York. At age 11 Izellah also made music videos for _UNBEATABLE_,[15] _Dreams Come True_ and a lyric video for _If Every Day Was Christmas_. The same year, Izellah took a lead role as Grace in Universal Studio’s (Japan) annual Christmas spectacular ‘Voice of an Angel’[16]

Discography

Singles

-   Unbeatable[17]
-   If Every Day Was Christmas: Michael Jay and Andre Lindal[18][19][20]
-   Island Holiday: Michael Jay, Alan Demoss & Izellah Connelly[21]
-   Dreams Come True: Wesley Stromberg & Izellah Connelly[22]
-   No Hard Feelings: Larrz Principato, Allie & Izellah Connelly
-   Treat You: Tucker Murray & Izellah Connelly

EP

-   _Be Yourself_ (2018)

Collaborative work

-   My Best Friend (2018) (together with Ichiro Suezawa & A Watters Daniella S J M)
-   Indigo Child (2018) (together with Ichiro Suezawa & A Watters Daniella S J M)
-   Glow (2019) (together with Denny White & Myah Marie)
-   Where Nobody Knows Me (2019) (together with Tucker Murray & Jackson Wise)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4] _Anglican Focus_: “Izellah Connelly”

[5] “St Hilda’s Athena Program”

[6] “Theater People:” "THE KING AND I: BRISBANE CHILD CAST ANNOUNCED”

[7] “The Music Myradar”

[8]

[9] “Dance Magazine: Matilda is Magic”

[10] “Mix Cloud”

[11] “Anglican Focus”

[12]

[13]

[14] “Royal Shakespeare Company: Cast of the Matilda the Musical"

[15] “Daily Telegraph: Unbeatable”

[16] “Music Myradar: “Izellah: Unbeatable Single Review”

[17] “Herald Sun”

[18] "Review of the Single: “If everyday was Christmas”

[19] “Airit. org.au”

[20] “Education Today”

[21] _Vents Magazine_: “Island Holiday by Izellah Connelly”

[22]

title: Izellah R. Connelly

question: Who is Izellah Connelly?

answer: She is an Australian singer-songwriter with a background in musical theater. She is known for her songs and theater performances, especially in Matilda the Musical

question: Where did Izellah's grandfather originate from?

answer: Ambon, East Indonesia

question: Summarize everything relating to Izellah's theater performances.

answer:
She became part of St. Hilda's School's Athena Program for children at age 5 and got the role of Arun in Opera Australia's production of The King & I at age 6, performing at the Queensland Performing Arts Centre (QPAC) in Brisbane, Australia.
She played the role of Gracie Shinn in The Queensland Musical Theater Company production of The Music Man at age 7 and got the role of Gretl in the London Palladium production of The Sound of Music performing at QPAC a year later.
At 10, Izellah played the converted role of Matilda in the Royal Shakespeare Company production of Matilda the Musical. She took the lead role as Grace in Universal Studio's (Japan) annual Christmas spectacular "Voice of an Angel" when she turned 11.

question: What year did Izellah transition from stage to studio?

answer: 2018

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: Izellah Connelly is an Australian singer-songwriter with a background in musical theater. She is known for her songs and theater performances, especially in Matilda the Musical. She transitioned from stage to studio in 2018. Her songs include Uneatable, Be Yourself, and If Every Day Was Christmas feat. Michael Jay and Andre Lindal.


text:
St. Pancras}}

ST PANCRAS () is a large district in north London. St Pancras was originally a medieval ancient parish and subsequently became a metropolitan borough. The metropolitan borough then merged with neighbouring boroughs and the area it covered now forms around half of the modern London Borough of Camden.

The area of the parish and borough takes in the sub-districts of Camden Town, Kentish Town, Gospel Oak, Somers Town, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate. Broadly speaking, the names of the sub-districts are more widely used than that of the wider St Pancras area.

History

St Pancras Old Church

St Pancras Old Church lies on Pancras Road, Somers Town, behind St Pancras railway station. Until the 19th century it stood on a knoll on the eastern bank of the now buried River Fleet. [St Pancras Old Church] The church, dedicated to the Roman martyr Saint Pancras, gave its name to the St Pancras district, which originated as the parish served by the church. The church is reputed to be one of the oldest sites of Christian worship in England; however, as is so often with old church sites, it is hard to find documentary or archaeological evidence for its initial foundation.

One tradition asserts that the church was established in AD 314 in the late Roman period. There is little to support that view, but it is notable that to the south of the church was a site called _The Brill_, believed at the time to have been a Roman Camp. _The Brill_ was destroyed during the urbanisation of the area, without any archaeological excavation to assess its age and purpose. The church is certainly very old; it was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, and there is evidence to suggest it predated Domesday by several centuries.

A chapel of ease was subsequently established at Kentish Town to supplement the main parish church, which was replaced by a new building in 1822, St Pancras New Church on the south side of Euston Road. The then-dilapidated Old Church continued in use but was reduced to the status of a chapel of ease. Most of the fabric of the Old Church building dates from a subsequent Victorian restoration.

Ancient Parish

[A map showing the wards of St Pancras Metropolitan Borough as they appeared in 1916] The ancient parish of St Pancras (also known as Pancrace or Pancridge[1]) was established in the medieval period to serve five manors: two manors named St Pancras (one prebendial, one lay), Cantlowes (Kentish Town), Tottenham Court and Rugmere (Chalk Farm).[2]

[The Ancient Parishes of – west to east – Paddington and St Marylebone (in the modern City of Westminster), and St Pancras (in the modern London Borough of Camden) in 1834]

By the end of the nineteenth century, the ancient parish had been divided into 37 ecclesiastical parishes, including one for the old church, to better serve a rapidly growing population. There are currently 17 Church of England parishes completely contained within the boundaries of the ancient parish, all of which benefit from the distributions from the St Pancras Lands Trust and most of which are in South Camden Deanery in the Edmonton Area of the Diocese of London.

Pre-urban period

In the Middle Ages it had “disreputable associations”,[3] and by the 17th century had become the “'Gretna Green' of the London area”.[4] On that account Elizabethan playwright Ben Jonson alludes to the area frequently in his plays.[5] It was a rural area with a dispersed population until the growth of London in the late eighteenth century.

Urbanisation

In the 1790s Earl Camden began to develop some fields to the north and west of the old church as Camden Town.[6] About the same time, a residential district was built to the south and east of the church, usually known as Somers Town. In 1822 the new church of St Pancras was dedicated as the parish church. The site was chosen on what was then called the New Road (now Euston Road) which had been built as London's first bypass, the M25 of its day. The two sites are about a kilometer apart. The new church is Grade I listed for its Greek Revival style; the old church was rebuilt in 1847. In the mid-19th century two major railway stations were built to the south of the Old Church, first King's Cross and later St Pancras. The new church is closer to Euston station.

Metropolitan borough

The parish of St Pancras was administered by a vestry until the Metropolitan Borough of St Pancras was established in 1900. In 1965 the borough was combined with two others to form the London Borough of Camden.

In the 1950s, St Pancras Council gained a reputation for left-wing radicalism and was referred to as "the most freakish borough in London.”[7] The council refused to take part in civil defence preparations for war which local councils were obliged to provide.[8] The Home Office monitored Mayor John Lawrence, and as of 2016, still refuses Freedom of Information requests related to him on the grounds of protecting national security.[9]

Housing was in excess demand after the damage and disruption of the Second World War. There was strong opposition to the 1957 Rent Act, which led to a series of decisions that caused serious financial difficulty. John Lawrence and several other councillors were expelled from the Labour Party in 1958 but continued to serve as Independent Socialists.[10] The Conservative Party won the 1958 council election.[11]

In 1960, a widespread rent strike in the district led to rioting in September.[12]

St Pancras Battalions

From 1859 to 1955, the St Pancras produced dedicated military units for the British Army, initially infantry battalions and later anti-aircraft and searchlight regiments. A high proportion of the recruits were drawn from working-class districts of St Pancras, such as Camden Town.

At the start of World War One, the St Pancras Battalion was part of the London Regiment and known as 9th (County of London) Battalion, The London Regiment (St Pancras). The increase in wartime recruitment led to it being split into two battalions (each around a thousand strong), the 1/9th and 2/9th, with the 3/9th established as a training battalion.

These three St Pancras battalions were joined by a fourth, a Pals battalion, which joined a different regiment, the Rifle Brigade (The Prince Consort's Own), as the 16th (Service) Battalion, Rifle Brigade, (St. Pancras), (The Prince Consort's Own).

During World War One these three front line battalions were deployed:

-   The 1/19th Londons were attached to the 141st (5th London) Brigade, in the 47th (1/2nd London) Division serving on the Western Front.

-   The 2/19th Londons, known as _Christie’s Minstrels_, after their commander and prowess singing while on the march. This battalion was attached to the 180th (2/5th London) Brigade in 60th (2/2nd London) Division, seeing action on the Western front before being moved to the Mediterranean and fighting in the Macedonian front and in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign.

-   The 16th (Service) Battalion, or'' St Pancras Pals'', joined the 117th Brigade, part of the 39th Division. That division served on the Western Front, with Sergeant Burman winning a Victoria Cross in 1917.[13] In 1918 the whole Division came close to destruction in the Battle of the Lys.

Geography

St Pancras was originally an Ancient Parish that ran from a point a little north of Oxford Street, extending north to include part of Highgate, and from today’s Regent's Park in the west to the road now called York Way in the east. These boundaries encompass much of the current London Borough of Camden.

The former River Fleet formed part of the boundary with Clerkenwell,[14] while a tributary of it – later known as Lamb’s Conduit - formed the southern boundary with Holborn.[15] The tree which gave the Gospel Oak district its name, formed part of the boundary with neighbouring Hampstead.[16]

The boundaries of St Pancras include take in around half of the modern London Borough of Camden, including Camden Town, Kentish Town, Somers Town, Gospel Oak, King's Cross, Chalk Farm, Dartmouth Park, the core area of Fitzrovia and a part of Highgate. [Boundary stone between St Pancras and Hornsey at Highgate]

Transport

There are no motorways in St Pancras, and few stretches of dual carriageway road, but the district has great strategic transport significance to London, due to the presence of three of the capital's most important rail termini; Euston, St Pancras and King's Cross, which are lined up along the Euston Road.

The position of the railway termini on Euston Road, rather than in a more central position further south, is a result of the influential recommendations of a Royal Commission of 1846 which sought to protect the West End districts a short distance south of the road.[17]

National Rail stations include London King's Cross and St Pancras. St Pancras is one of the best-known railway stations in England. It has been extended and is now the terminus for the Eurostar services through the Channel Tunnel. London Underground stations include King's Cross St Pancras.

Landmarks

Immediately to the north of St Pancras churchyard is St Pancras Hospital, once the parish workhouse and later the London Hospital for Tropical Diseases.

Cemeteries

[The Hardy Tree, growing between gravestones moved while Thomas Hardy was working here]

During the 18th and 19th centuries, St Pancras was famous for its cemeteries. In addition to the graveyard of Old St Pancras Church, it also contained the cemeteries of the neighbouring ecclesiastical parishes of St James's Church, Piccadilly, St Giles in the Fields, St Andrew, Holborn, St. George's Church, Bloomsbury, and St George the Martyr, Holborn.[18] These were all closed under the Extramural Interment Act in 1854; the parish was required to purchase land some distance away, beyond its borders, and chose East Finchley for its new St Pancras Cemetery.[19]

The disused graveyard at St Pancras Old Church was left alone for over thirty years until the building of the Midland Railway required the removal of many of the graves. Thomas Hardy, then a junior architect and later a novelist and poet, was involved in this work. He placed a number of gravestones around a tree, now known as “the Hardy Tree”.[20] The cemetery was disturbed again in 2002–03 by the construction of the Channel Tunnel Rail Link but much more care was given to the removal of remains than in the 19th century. Old St Pancras Church and its graveyard have links to Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, and the Wollstonecraft circle.[21]

Open spaces

Open spaces in the district include:

-   Camley Street Natural Park
-   Coram's Fields
-   Highgate Cemetery
-   Waterlow Park
-   Fitzroy Square
-   Cartwright Gardens
-   Regents Park (part)
-   Hampstead Heath (part)
-   Primrose Hill (part, the hill itself is in Hampstead)

Political divisions

The name “St Pancras” survives in the name of the local parliamentary constituency, Holborn and St. Pancras. One of the political wards in Camden is called St Pancras and Somers Town; however, ward boundaries are chosen to divide a borough into roughly equal slices with little regard to historical boundaries or day-to-day usage. Besides Somers Town and the area around St Pancras Old Church, the ward includes much of Camden Town and the former Kings Cross Goods Yard, which is being redeveloped as a mixed-use district under the name Kings Cross Central.

Notable residents

-   Alice Barth, soprano
-   Walter Alfred Cox, engraver
-   Ada Ferrar, actress
-   Monica Charlot, historian
-   Elizabeth Eiloart, writer
-   Beatrice Ferrar, actress
-   Reg Freeson, politician
-   William Hartnell, actor
-   Barnaby Kay, actor
-   John Lawrence, political activist
-   Andrew Lincoln, actor
-   Glyndwr Michael, homeless man whose body was used for the Operation Mincemeat deception in WWII.
-   W. B. Yeats, poet
-   John William Fisher Beaumont, justice

[1]

[2] BHO - used to support the five manors making up St Pancras https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol19/pt2/pp1-31

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6] Camden Town and Primrose Hill Past by John Richardson (1991)

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13] IWM record of the medal https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/30006584

[14] 'West of Farringdon Road', in Survey of London: Volume 47, Northern Clerkenwell and Pentonville, ed. Philip Temple (London, 2008), pp. 22–51. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol47/pp22-51 [accessed 3 August 2020].

[15] The History of the River Fleet, UCL Fleet Restoration Team, 2009

[16] Local history website http://40years.ktcityfarm.org.uk/a-brief-history-of-gospel-oak-and-kentish-town/

[17] On the 1846 Royal Commission. https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-online/information/item/2008-1999

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

title: St Pancras, London

question: Summarize everything that happened between 1950 and 1970.

answer: In the 1950s, St Pancras Council gained reputation for its left-wing radicalism and was referred to as "the most freakish borough in London". In 1955, St Pancras stopped producing dedicated military units for the British Army. In 1957 there was strong opposition to the Rent Act, which caused a series of decisions that led to serious financial difficulty. In 1958, John Lawrence and other councilors were expelled from the Labour Party, and the Conservative Party won the 1958 council election. In 1960 a widespread rent strike in the district led to rioting. In 1965 the borough was combined with two others to form the London Borough of Camden.

question: What does the text say about River Fleet?

answer: The text mentions that until the 19th century, St Pancras stood on a knoll on the eastern bank of the River Fleet. The River Fleet formed part of the boundary with Clerkenwell, while a tributary of it formed the southern boundary with Holborn. The River Fleet is now buried and doesn't exist.

question: Summarize the notable claims about the church.

answer: The St Pancras Old Church is supposedly one of the oldest sites of Christian worship in England. Some claim that the church was established in AD 314 in the late Roman period. There isn't enough evidence to back up either of these claims. However, the church is old enough that it was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 and there's evidence to suggest it predated Domesday by several centuries.

question: What does the text say about Catholicism?


text:
“Mummy, tell me the story of Die Sine Timere,” whispered Jerry to his mother as she leaned over to tuck him in. He’d heard the story about a million times, from his friends and teachers and family, but he loved it best when his mother told it. Besides, the holiday was tomorrow, and hearing the story would help calm his excitement enough to sleep. His mother smiled at him and adjusted his pillows.
	“Are you sure? You practically know it by heart at this point,” she replied. He looked up at her and smiled an imploring smile.
	“Please?”
	His mother laughed a little and sat down next to him on the bed.
	“Well...okay,” she whispered. She looked out his window and saw the holiday’s festive banner flapping from between two street lamps on the road. The banner read “Welcome to the 3045 Celebration of Die Sine Timere!” It waved back and forth in the wind. She turned back to Jerry, who was now propped up on his pillows and looking at her expectantly.
	“Okay, okay. Well,” she began, “Our story begins a long time ago, way back in 2015. Our ancestors who lived in that time were not like the way we are today. They were wild and crazy and very violent. The whole world was fighting a war with each other, and it was not the first time everyone had been fighting. They loved fighting each other, and they’d find any excuse to go to do it. They fought over religion and money and--”
	“And oil!” interrupted Jerry excitedly.
	“Yes, love, and oil. They even fought over who got to live where. It was very silly, but very dangerous. You see, millions of people, innocent people and soldiers alike were getting killed every day. It was horrible. Families were being ripped apart and nobody seemed to be able to make sense of it all. Nobody seemed to understand that everyone was the same underneath the skin and that war was a bad thing. Everyone bleeds red, darling, but our ancestors were too blinded by greed and hatred to see the common color underneath people’s skin. So they fought and fought for years. Finally, one day everyone woke up from sleeping and realized that they had killed off more than half the people on Earth. There used to be seven billion people living there, but now there was only about two billion. Some of the ground was permanently stained red from all the bloodshed. Even the clouds were damaged, and there were holes in the sky from all the bad things our ancestors had put up there. Things had gotten so bad that all the countries knew that they had to stop killing and stop wasting things and stop fighting.”
	“Did they stop killing each other, Mummy?” asked Jerry, even though he already knew the answer.
	“Yes, they did, darling. All the countries came together and talked about their problems and decided to stop all wars forever. Everyone began to get along, slowly but surely, and the people started sharing their things with each other. Nobody got called any names and everyone was equal. The first few years of peace were a little scary, because people weren’t sure how long it was going to last. But as the fourth year of peace passed, it became obvious to everyone that it was here to stay. All the leaders of all the countries came together that year and decided that there should be a day of remembrance and happiness and celebration as a global holiday, to be celebrated until the end of peace. They put this holiday on August 21st, which was the day all the wars ended. They decided to call this day “Die Sine Timere,” which is from a very very old language called Latin, and it means “Day Without Fear.” They said that on this day, all the people were to celebrate another year of peace and remember our mistakes in the past to keep us safe in the future. They said that people could celebrate and remember any way they saw fit, but they must be sure to celebrate it each year. Our country celebrates by having large block parties and getting all the communities together for a good time. And for you and all the other children, darling, it’s the one night of the year where you don’t have to go to bed before midnight. You get to stay up very late. And before everyone does go to bed on the night of Die Sine Timere, each family sits together in silent meditation to remember those who died and to help us remain peaceful for the following year.”
	“Tell me about the lanterns, Mummy. Don’t forget the lanterns,” whispered Jerry, whose eyes were closed now. He was not quiet asleep yet, just listening quietly to the story of his favorite holiday in peace.
	“Ah, yes, the lanterns,” said his mother, who now was stroking her son’s hair gently as she spoke. “Well, in all the countries around the world, there is one thing that all our ceremonies of peace have in common. Every single person or family makes a special lantern out of biodegradable paper, and they each write a wish for the future or a memory of the past on that lantern. Then, at exactly midnight, each person or family lights the lantern and sends it into the sky, and all the wishes and memories get to soar the night skies together. It’s very beautiful and is a symbol of our unity and peace.”
	“It’s like watching all our wishes come true,” whispered Jerry.
	“That it is, my love. That it is,” replied his mother, “And every year, the whole world does the same thing. For one day a year, we remember our unity and how lucky we are to be at peace. Each person meditating or releasing a lantern or playing in the park during the day is a promise for the future. We will remain peaceful, so long as we have this hope.” She stopped, for that was the end of the story. She and her son sat quietly together for a moment, before Jerry let out a contented sigh and rolled on his side, eyes still shut tight.
	His mother looked down at his little sleeping face and smiled. She leaned down and gently kissed his forehead before getting up off the bed. She tucked the blankets up to his chin and turned to walk away.
	“Mummy?” Jerry said quietly.
	“Yes, darling?” said his mother, turning back towards her son.
	“Goodnight, Mummy. I love you.”
	“I love you too, Jerry. Goodnight.”

She shut off his light and headed downstairs to prepare the rice paper for the lanterns for tomorrow night, so that she and her son could silently watch all their wishes come true.

title: A New Holiday

question: What does Die Sine Timere mean?

answer: It means "a day without fear."

question: When is this story set?

answer: In the future.

question: What is the them of this story?

answer: World peace.

question: What year is the story set in?

answer: 3045.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This story is a future history of the world about how it attained world peace.


text:
ISABEL LOSADA is a British Author of narrative non-fiction. Her most recent full-length books (_The Battersea Park Road to Paradise_, _Sensation_ and _The Joyful Environmentalist_) combine humour with a serious look at their subject matters and are true-life accounts of her own experiences.[1][2] She has one daughter and lives in Battersea, London.[3]

Books

New Habits

_New Habits_ (Hodder) examines happiness among Church of England nuns. When a friend announced that she was going to become a nun (or more correctly a 'religious'), the author decided to interview ten more young women who were making the same choice to join a range of different Christian communities ranging from enclosed contemplative communities to Franciscan communities. The interviews cover the women's feelings about the vows of poverty, celibacy and obedience as well as describing other details of the daily life of a religious sister.

The book is included in the Diocesan Directors of Ordinands recommended reading list for those exploring vocation.[4]

The Battersea Park Road to Enlightenment

_The Battersea Park Road to Enlightenment_ (Bloomsbury) is an exploration of the subject of happiness. In it she tries out many of the 'New Age' courses available in the UK that claim to offer routes to inner peace and personal fulfilment. The book explores Insight Seminars, T'ai chi, a retreat in an Anglican convent, Astrology, Tantric Sexuality,[5] Co-Dependent's Anonymous, Colonic irrigation, Rebirthing-breathwork, Past life regression with Roger Woolger various forms of massage including Stone massage and Kahuna Hawaiian massage, Neuro-linguistic Programming, an Anger management workshop, and a workshop on Angels with William Bloom. The book was chosen as Radio 4's Book of the week and Isabel performed it herself for the series. The book went on to become a bestseller in the UK and has been translated into 15 languages including Japanese and Russian. Oprah Radio host Mehmet Oz called the book “a fantastically cool endeavour”.[6] Bloomsbury produced a '10th Anniversary Edition' in 2011 and in 2014 the book is in its 20th reprinting.

For Tibet, with Love. A Beginner's Guide to Changing the World

_For Tibet, with Love. A Beginner's Guide to Changing the World_ (Bloomsbury) explores what one person can do to make a difference, in this case to the cultural imperialism of the Chinese Government in Tibet. The book was republished in 2005 reversing the title and subtitle so became 'A Beginner's Guide to Changing the World' (which was also the title of the US edition).[7] This second UK edition also had a different ISBN. In 2010 Bloomsbury brought out a new third edition, with a new preface under the original title.[8] In this book Isabel travels to Lhasa explores how individuals and groups can use the media to raise awareness and influence public opinion and finally travels to Dharamsala to interview the 14th Dalai Lama.

Men

_Men_ (Virgin / Random House)[9] is a humorous examination of the widely experienced sociological phenomenon of there being many more single and available women over the age of 40 in our cities than men and answers the question “Where are all the interesting and available men?” The book considers the many factors that have produced this discrepancy including an interview with Simon Baron-Cohen, which details the differences between the male and the female brain. During a tour of Ireland to promote the book, she appeared on the renowned Gerry Ryan Show (the interview lasting a whole hour).[10] Following Ryan's untimely death, she declared that “making Radio with Gerry was better than having sex with most men”.[11]

The Battersea Park Road to Paradise

_The Battersea Park Road to Paradise_, (Five Adventures in Being and Doing) (Watkins) explores Feng Shui, Anthony Robbins, Vipassana, Advaita and Shamanism was published in 2011. This book begins by exploring the impact of our environment and ends with an exploration of the nature of consciousness itself through the teacher Mooji and ends with an experience of taking Ayawaska with the Ashaninka in the Amazonian Rainforest.[12]

Sensation

_Sensation_ (Watkins) is Losada's account of a year spent exploring the subject of sex between heterosexual couples, and in particular what makes sex into good sex in long term and loving relationships.[13] The research for the book involved participation in various courses, couple workshops, women-only weekends and attending the first international conference on Orgasmic Meditation. The book, part memoir and part manifesto in the cause for better relationships between men and women, has been praised for its honesty about a subject often shrouded in fear and shame despite the so-called sexual revolution.[14] Russell Brand, who interviewed Losada for an episode of his podcast Under The Skin with Russell Brand, stated that “I have learnt from Isabel that we are not approaching sex in a very conscious and connected way. It's very interesting to read a woman talking plainly and mechanically about sex. I want to learn this stuff.” [15] Sensation was also chosen as the ‘Non-Fiction Book of the Month’ by The Bookseller magazine.

The Joyful Environmentalist

_The Joyful Environmentalist. How to Practice Without Preaching_ (Watkins) is Losada's collection of stories, reflections and ideas about the steps that an individual can take to help save the environment and the planet. As well as tips to reduce the use of plastic, switching to renewable energy, ethical banking, sustainable clothing choices, and gardening for biodiversity, Losada recounts her personal experiences of planting native trees in the Highlands of Scotland, playing Samba drums with Extinction Rebellion and visiting Knepp Castle estate and its pioneering rewilding project known as Knepp Wildland. The environmental and political activist George Monbiot is quoted as saying about the book, “this is the joy we need in our lives”.

Awards

In 2019 Isabel was awarded ‘Author of the Year’ by Kindred Spirit magazine.[16] The magazine selected Isabel for the body of her work in the Mind Body Spirit sector and the award was secured by her popularity in a reader vote.

Talks and Journalism

Isabel gives comedy talks and presentations about her work, particularly at literary and arts festivals such as, for example, the Brighton Festival, The Edinburgh International Book Festival, Ways With Words (Dartington)[17] and the South Asian Literature Festival.[18] As part of the 2011 SW11 Literary Festival she was “Author in Residence”, which also involved spending nine days sat in the window of a Waterstone's bookshop![19][20] She has been interviewed about her work on BBC Radio 4's Midweek, Start the Week, Woman's Hour (several times) and Excess Baggage[21] as well as for Jeremy Vine and Steve Wright on BBC Radio 2. Isabel was also invited to present her own series (x12) of Thought for the Day for BBC Radio 2. She has been interviewed by local radio stations all over the UK, America and Australia on several book tours.

She writes regularly for newspapers and journals,[22][23][24] and the occasional blog.[25] A short article on the “importance of knowing nothing” was published by the prestigious Royal Society of Arts in 2011.[26]

Tibet

She has been a supporter of and active campaigner for the Tibetan cause for many years, and a founding member of 'Act for Tibet'. In 2003, during the writing of the book ''For Tibet, with Love '', she organised a stunt in Trafalgar square — a banner depicting the Dalai Lama was unfurled from the top of Nelson's Column and a pro-Tibet campaigner made a parachute jump.[27] Her list of 'top 10' books about the Dalai Lama and Tibet appeared in the Guardian.[28]

The Battersea Literature Festival

In 2014 Isabel was invited to become the artistic director of The Battersea Literature Festival. A Festival that takes place in the first two weeks of September in various locations in Battersea which include The Battersea Arts Centre, The Battersea Power Station and local bookshops. Isabel described being given this opportunity as 'The dream job for an author between books.'

Patronage

Isabel is the Patron of the Charity 'Centrepieces'.[29]

Bibliography

-   _New Habits: Today's Women Who Choose to Become Nuns_ (1999)
-   _Battersea Park Road to Enlightenment_ (2001)
-   _For Tibet, with Love. A Beginner's Guide to Changing the World_ (2004)
-   _A Beginner's Guide to Changing the World: For Tibet, with Love_ (2005)
-   _100 Reasons to Be Glad_ (2006)
-   _Men! Where the **** Are They?_ (2007)
-   _The Battersea Park Road to Paradise_ (April 2011)
-   _Sensation_ (2017)
-   _The Joyful Environmentalist; How to Practise without Preaching_ (2020)

[1] The Book Swap Interview – Isabel Losada Beat Magazine, September 2011.

[2] Isabel Losada. From NLP to Enlightenment Rapport magazine, Issue 15, Spring 2009.

[3] Writer goes to work in bookshop window London Evening Standard, 21 September 2011

[4] A reading list for those exploring vocation Church of England, Directors of Ordinands.

[5] Truly, slowly, deeply Guardian, 24 March 2001.

[6] A Quest for Enlightenment Oprah Radio, 4 December 2008.

[7] Making a Difference, Joyfully AlterNet, 6 July 2005.

[8] Isabel Losada _For Tibet, With Love_. Bloomsbury Reading Guide.

[9] Isabel Losada _Men! (Where the **** are They?)_. Waterstones Preview.

[10] Isabel Losada on Gerry Ryan Show 2007

[11] RTE tribute to broadcaster Ryan Belfast's U105 Radio Station, 30 April 2010.

[12] Isabel Losada tells us about her new book theindiaphile, 17 November 2010.

[13] Isabel Losada Who said sex has to be red hot? Guardian, 23 September 2017.

[14] Costello, I. Guest Author – Isabel Losada: Sex – Let's be honest The Literary Sofa, December 6, 2017.

[15] Can We Have More Connected Sex? . Under The Skin with Russell Brand Episode #27, September 14, 2017.

[16]

[17] Way With Words Dartington

[18]

[19]

[20] Author in Residence Clapham-Junction.com

[21] Excess Baggage BBC Radio 4

[22]

[23]

[24] Isabel Losada's top 10 books about the Dalai Lama and Tibet Guardian, Tuesday 1 June 2004

[25] Author for Sale – in Waterstone's Window Posterous Spaces.

[26] Last word: The importance of knowing nothing Royal Society of Arts

[27] Protester parachutes off Nelson's Column BBC News, Friday, 9 May 2003.

[28]

[29]

title: Isabel Losada

question: What does the article say about Isabel Losada's works of fiction?

question: What does the article say about Losada's activities unrelated to her books?

answer: Losada planted native trees in the Highlands of Scotland. She also writes regularly for newspapers and journals and the occasional blog. She is also a supporter and active campaigner for the Tibetan cause. She served as the artistic director of The Battersea Literature Festival in 2014.