text:
MOHSEN SHAALAN or SHALAAN (14 April 1951 – 9 February 2014) was an Egyptian artist and former Deputy Minister of Culture, serving as the Head of the Fine Arts Sector from 2006 until 2010. He was ousted from his position in the Ministry of Culture following the 2010 theft of Van Gogh's _Poppy Flowers_ from the Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil Museum in Cairo. He later served one year in prison on charges stemming from the theft, which prosecutors argued was made possible by insufficient security under his watch.

Background

Shaalan was born in Cairo, Egypt, in 1951. He received a Bachelor of Arts in Art and Education in 1974. He held several positions within Egypt's Ministry of Culture before eventually being appointed the Head of the Fine Arts Sector in 2006.[1] In this position, Shaalan was responsible for overseeing various museums and art institutions throughout Egypt, including the Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil Museum, which houses one of the largest collections of 18th and 19th century European art in the Middle East.[2] While in the position, he worked to restore various cultural institutions, including the Aisha Fahmy Palace, the Rateb Sedeek Art Gallery, and the 1952 Revolution Heroes Museum.[3]

Trial and imprisonment

In August 2010, van Gogh's _Poppy Flowers_ was stolen from the Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil Museum, one of the museums under Shaalan's oversight. At the time of the theft, the painting was appraised at $55 million. While the thieves were never caught, and the painting remains missing as of 2020, Shaalan and others within the Ministry of Culture were promptly investigated for creating or perpetuating the conditions that allowed the theft to occur.[4] Among the allegations were that guards did not check on museum visitors, that none of the alarms in the museum worked, and that only seven out of the museum's 43 surveillance cameras were operational at the time of the theft.[5] Shaalan later conceded that museum security was poor, but contended that he was not personally responsible and had raised the point to his superiors several times, including specifically informing Culture Minister Farouk Hosny that the museum's security cameras were not functional as early as 2007. Shaalan stated that despite these warnings, he was not given the resources necessary to improve security.[6][7] According to him, a $7 million budget was necessary to repair museum security, but only $88,000 was approved.[8]

At trial, Shaalan and 10 other Ministry of Culture employees were found guilty of negligence and sentenced to three years in prison, but were released on bail of about $1,750 pending appeal.[9] Upon appeal, Shaalan's convictions for negligence and professional delinquency were upheld, but his sentence was reduced to one year in prison.[10]

While in jail, Shaalan created many artworks and channeled his experiences of being imprisoned into his work.[11]

Later life

After being released from jail, Shaalan put on many exhibitions of his work, focusing on those he created while incarcerated. Among his exhibitions was Black Cat: A Prison Experience, held at the Gezira Center for Modern Art in Cairo, which showcased the pieces that he had created while in jail. His works have been acquired by many museums, including the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., the Cairo Opera House, and the Goethe Institute in Cairo.[12]

Shaalan died on 9 February 2014 at his home in Cairo.[13]

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title: Mohsen Shaalan

question: What are the inadequacies within the Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil Museum that made the theft of Van Goh's Poppy Flowers possible?

answer: The Mohamed Mahmoud Khalil Museum has the largest collection of 18th and 19th century European art in the Middle East. However, when the Van Goh's Poppy Flowers (valued at $55 million was stolen there were questions about the museum's security. It was found that $88,000, instead of $7 million as requested, was spent on security. Also, only 7 of the 43 surveillance cameras were working, making it easy for anyone to escape scrutiny via CCTV.


split: test

text:
[] [Howard County Library in Big Spring] HOWARD COUNTY is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. At the 2010 census, its population was 35,012.[1] Its county seat is Big Spring.[2] The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1882.[3] It is named for Volney E. Howard, a U.S. Congressman from Texas.[4]

Howard County is included in the Big Spring, Texas Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which are land and (0.4%) are covered by water.[5]

Howard County is located at the boundary between the Llano Estacado to the north and the Edwards Plateau to the south. Beals Creek, a tributary of the Colorado River, flows through the center of Big Spring and divides these two major physiographic regions.

Major highways

-   [] Interstate 20
-   [] Interstate 20 Business
-   [] U.S. Highway 87
-   [] State Highway 176
-   [] State Highway 350
-   [] Farm to Market Road 669
-   [] Farm to Market Road 700

Adjacent counties

-   Borden County (north)
-   Mitchell County (east)
-   Sterling County (southeast)
-   Glasscock County (south)
-   Martin County (west)
-   Dawson County (northwest)
-   Scurry County (northeast)

Demographics

Ar the 2000 census,[6] there were 33,627 people, 11,389 households and 7,949 families residing in the county. The population density was 37 per square mile (14/km²). There were 13,589 housing units at an average density of 15 per square mile (6/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 80.14% White, 4.13% Black or African American, 0.59% Native American, 0.59% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 12.43% from other races, and 2.10% from two or more races. 37.46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 11,389 households, of which 32.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.30% were married couples living together, 12.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.20% were non-families. 26.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.20% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.07.

24.20% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.00% from 18 to 24, 30.90% from 25 to 44, 21.30% from 45 to 64, and 14.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 118.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 122.50 males.

The median household income was $30,805 and the median family income was $37,262. Males had a median income of $28,971 and females $21,390. The per capita income was $15,027. About 14.50% of families and 18.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.70% of those under age 18 and 15.50% of those age 65 or over.

According to the United States Census Bureau Howard County, Texas has an estimated population of 36,459 as of July 1, 2018. That's a 4.1% increase from the 2010 census. 21.7% of the people are under 18 years old and 12.9% are older than 65 years old. OF the current population, 42.8% are female. In regards to race, 87.8% are white, 7.3% are black and 42.4% are Hispanic. The owner occupied housing rate is at 68.1%, with the median value of owner occupied housing being $85,700. High School graduates make up 82.1% of the population while only 12.9% have a Bachelor's degree or higher.[7]

Media

The county is served by a daily newspaper, local radio stations KBST (AM), KBST-FM, KBTS (FM), KBYG (AM), nearby stations KBXJ (FM), KPET (AM) and KWDC (FM), and the various Midland and Odessa radio and TV stations.

Communities

Cities

-   Big Spring (county seat)
-   Forsan

Towns

-   Coahoma
-   Vealmoor

Census-designated place

-   Sand Springs

Unincorporated communities

-   Elbow
-   Knott
-   Ross City

Ghost town

-   Soash

Politics

  Year                               Republican                                  Democratic                                  Third parties
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ---------------
  style=“text-align:center;” |2016   style=“text-align:center;” |76.1% _6,637_   style=“text-align:center;” |20.3% _1,770_   3.6% _316_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2012   style=“text-align:center;” |74.2% _6,453_   style=“text-align:center;” |24.3% _2,110_   1.5% _132_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2008   style=“text-align:center;” |72.6% _7,029_   style=“text-align:center;” |26.3% _2,545_   1.2% _115_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2004   style=“text-align:center;” |73.3% _7,480_   style=“text-align:center;” |26.1% _2,663_   0.6% _58_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2000   style=“text-align:center;” |69.8% _6,668_   style=“text-align:center;” |28.7% _2,744_   1.4% _136_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1996   style=“text-align:center;” |50.8% _5,007_   style=“text-align:center;” |37.9% _3,732_   11.3% _1,118_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1992   style=“text-align:center;” |47.2% _5,129_   style=“text-align:center;” |34.4% _3,735_   18.5% _2,009_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1988   style=“text-align:center;” |57.3% _6,024_   style=“text-align:center;” |42.3% _4,445_   0.5% _48_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1984   style=“text-align:center;” |64.3% _7,519_   style=“text-align:center;” |35.2% _4,115_   0.5% _57_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1980   style=“text-align:center;” |58.9% _6,658_   style=“text-align:center;” |39.4% _4,451_   1.8% _203_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1976   style=“text-align:center;” |40.9% _4,899_   style=“text-align:center;” |58.3% _6,984_   0.7% _89_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1972   style=“text-align:center;” |72.9% _7,343_   style=“text-align:center;” |26.9% _2,714_   0.2% _23_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1968   style=“text-align:center;” |36.3% _3,812_   style=“text-align:center;” |37.1% _3,897_   26.6% _2,792_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1964   style=“text-align:center;” |34.9% _3,272_   style=“text-align:center;” |64.9% _6,083_   0.1% _12_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1960   style=“text-align:center;” |40.8% _3,403_   style=“text-align:center;” |58.1% _4,844_   1.1% _88_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1956   style=“text-align:center;” |40.3% _3,051_   style=“text-align:center;” |59.5% _4,506_   0.2% _14_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1952   style=“text-align:center;” |41.6% _3,412_   style=“text-align:center;” |58.3% _4,779_   0.1% _11_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1948   style=“text-align:center;” |11.1% _561_     style=“text-align:center;” |82.7% _4,179_   6.2% _312_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1944   style=“text-align:center;” |7.7% _334_      style=“text-align:center;” |82.8% _3,588_   9.5% _412_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1940   style=“text-align:center;” |7.8% _367_      style=“text-align:center;” |92.1% _4,329_   0.2% _7_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1936   style=“text-align:center;” |6.9% _230_      style=“text-align:center;” |92.9% _3,094_   0.2% _8_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1932   style=“text-align:center;” |5.2% _149_      style=“text-align:center;” |94.4% _2,733_   0.5% _13_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1928   style=“text-align:center;” |54.9% _812_     style=“text-align:center;” |44.9% _665_     0.2% _3_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1924   style=“text-align:center;” |12.9% _186_     style=“text-align:center;” |76.0% _1,100_   11.1% _161_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1920   style=“text-align:center;” |11.8% _107_     style=“text-align:center;” |77.5% _703_     10.7% _97_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1916   style=“text-align:center;” |3.4% _30_       style=“text-align:center;” |85.2% _747_     11.4% _100_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1912   style=“text-align:center;” |3.1% _22_       style=“text-align:center;” |75.6% _530_     21.3% _149_

  : PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS RESULTS[8]

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[7] https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/howardcountytexas

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title: Howard County, Texas

question: What does the text say about Howard County's colleges?

question: What does the text say about Howard County's geography?

answer: Howard County is made of land that is .4% covered by water. It is located at the boundary between the Llano Estacado to the north and the Edwards Plateau to the south. Beals Creek, a tributary of the Colorado River, flows through the center of Big Spring and divides these two major physiographic regions.

question: What does the text say about family?

answer: The 2000 census reported that 7,949 families resided in Howard County. The average family size in the county was 3.07, and their median income was $37,262. About 14.5% of families were below the poverty line.

question: What does the text say about race?

answer: The racial makeup of Howard County has a white majority of 80.14%. It has a makeup of 4.13% Black or African American, 12.43% from other races, 2.10% from other races, and .59% for Asian and Native Americans. The smallest percentage was .01% for Pacific Islanders. Additionally, 37.46% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.


text:
SXSW 2018: Journalism Is A Central Theme In Brian Bendis’ Upcoming Superman Run
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  [Tom Cheredar]     |   Monday, March 12th, 2018 at 11:00 am
  ---------------- --------------------------------------------

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[Superman Logo]

While past reboots of Superman have put a greater focus on the Man of Steel’s life as reporter Clark Kent, newly hired DC Comics writer BRIAN MICHAEL BENDISÂ€™ take on the character will be closely tied to the ideals of good journalism, the scribe explained during a panel at this yearâ€™s SXSW.

â€œI actually spent the day shadowing an Oregonian [journalist], just to show you how important the daily planet is to the stories weâ€™ll be telling,â€? Bendis told Geeks Of Doom in response to a question about how the current climate of â€œfake newsâ€? and misinformation currently plaguing society might impact the storytelling. â€œOn top of that, Journalism [is] under siege in my lifetime like itâ€™s never been before.â€?

Bendis went on to explain that heâ€™s also really fascinated by that aspect of the characterâ€™s life, largely because so much of whatâ€™s happened to Clark Kent wasnâ€™t really something he chose — e.g., being sent to Earth in a spaceship as a child, having super powers that set him apart from others, etc.

He continued:

  â€œHe was sent here, choices were made for him. The biggest choice he made for himself was to be a reporter. He doesnâ€™t have to do anything, so of all the jobs he could have he thinks he needs this one. Why? Because truth. There are parts of truth and justice that Superman canâ€™t punch his way through, but Clark can reveal through journalism and storytelling. As a writer, and I have a lot of friends that are journalists, I deeply understand that connection of having that perfect day of telling the truth today — or telling a story that people needed to hear, and being the only one who could have done it. Training yourself to do that on top of everything elseâ€¦ [we] will be diving into that head-first.â€?

Long-time Bendis fans may recall that the writer is no stranger to providing commentary about the importance of good journalism via his run on _Ultimate Spider-Man_. But in my mind, Peter Parker doesnâ€™t embody the ideals of journalism in quite the same way Clark Kent does. Thus, Iâ€™m pretty excited to see how the story unfolds.

The writer also said those in the DC Comics office were surprised to hear that the character he most wanted to tackle wasnâ€™t Batman, a natural fit given Bendisâ€™ epic work doing pulp crime stories with a naturally gritty vibe that seems to work perfectly for heroes like Daredevil.

â€œIâ€™m a little Jewish boy from Cleveland, and all youâ€™re told is Superman and rock and roll came from here,â€? Bendis told the panel. Soon after that initial conversation with DC, he found out that heâ€™d be the one to reconnect Superman with his iconic red trunks, which disappeared in the last two reboots of the character in an effort to line up with Supermanâ€™s costume in the recent big budget films. â€œAll over the world I had people tweeting me about other peopleâ€™s underwear,â€? he joked.

But even more than fulfilling a childhood dream, Bendis cited the need for what Superman stands for in todayâ€™s society as another big motivation: â€œItâ€™s time for Superman, and writing a character that exudes hope to everyone around him, and the burden that it carries. Weâ€™ve seen it with public figures before that represent an idea thatâ€™s larger than themselves, itâ€™s difficult. Weâ€™re going to experience what that feels like, and what itâ€™s like for him personally.â€?

Bendis will make his debut in _ACTION COMICS #1000_ with a beautiful 12-page story illustrated by DC co-publisher JIM LEE. The story will serve as a jumping-off point for the forthcoming _Man of Steel_ 6-issue miniseries that will feature art from an iconic DC artist for each issue.

â€œIt teases everything youâ€™re going to need to know ahead of _Man of Steel_,â€? Bendis said. â€œWe drop a bomb on the very last page about the Superman mythology that will have people talking, hopefully, more about that than his underpants.â€?

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question: What is the focus of this article?

answer: At the 2018 SXSW, DC Comics Brian Michael Bendis' revealed that the new Superman comics that he is writing will focus more on Clark Kent's life as a reporter.


text:
A $20-billion investment in a facility in Louisiana, prompted by the North American shale boom, will be a world first in some respects.

It will be Sasol’s largest investment yet; the biggest single investment in Louisiana’s history; and the largest foreign direct investor manufacturing project in the history of the United States.

Sasol’s move to join the boom in hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, that is transforming the energy landscape in the US comes as the South African government prepares to grant the first prospecting licences here.

A Louisiana state official told the _Mail & Guardian_ the project cannot start until all permits have been obtained from the department of environmental quality.

Part of the second-largest shale deposit in the US falls within the borders of the state. Louisiana is the second-largest natural gas-producing state after Texas.

Sasol’s investment will be to expand its existing facility, a chemicals plant, in Lake Charles, an industrial hub in Louisiana, where it will develop an ethane cracker and derivatives units, followed by a gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant.

CRACKER PROJECT
The cracker project, with an estimated cost of between $5-billion and $7-billion, is expected to begin in 2017.

The cracker (a processing plant) will convert ethane, a constituent of natural gas, into ethylene (producing an estimated 1.5-million tonnes a year), which can be used to produce a wide range of chemical feedstock for products such as cool drink cans and detergents.

The gas-to-liquids plant, with an estimated cost of between $11-billion and $14-billion, will produce fuel from natural gas and other by-products.

Only Sasol and Shell have the proven technology to produce fuel from gas on such a large scale.

Sasol will not extract the gas itself but will buy it from suppliers in the area who use drilling and/or fracking.

Both projects are expected to have a significant economic spin-off for the state, worth an estimated $42.6-billion over the next 20 years.

JOB CREATION
In an interview with the _M&G_, Sasol’s chief executive and executive director, David Constable, said that at the peak of the construction phase between 7 000 and 7 500 jobs will be created on site, after which between 12 000 and 15 000 permanent jobs, with an average annual salary of between $80 000 to $85 000, will be created.

The state of Louisiana will pay the company a special incentive of $257-million in grants, including giving it millions of dollars in tax breaks, a $20-million worker training facility and a $115-million payment to the company for land and infrastructure.

But the funding is not without contention. According to an article in a New Orleans daily paper, the Times Picayune, when the land and infrastructure payment is made in 2018 and 2019, state tax revenues will be negative — which is according to the Louisiana Economic Development’s own projections, and will throw a spanner into the budgeting plan for those outlying years.

However, officials say the cumulative tax revenues will be positive. The report said it is expected that incentives will not be handed over to Sasol until the project begins to yield positive tax revenues to the state.

The state is also offering other incentives that Sasol will take advantage of. All in all, they could be north of $1-billion in total value over the life of the project, Sasol’s head of global chemicals and North American operations, André de Ruyter, told the Engineering News.

INVESTMENT CRITERIA
But it is the cheap gas, not the grants, that have convinced Sasol of the soundness of the investment.

“It is very nice, obviously,” Constable said. “We have had great support from the state.”

However, he said, the project meets and exceeds Sasol’s investment criteria given a wide range of economic scenarios.

“We don’t need the incentive but [it] is appreciated and makes things much smoother.”

Most crackers run off other, more costly fossil fuels, so developing a gas-run cracker, at least at current low gas prices, would give any company the competitive edge.

“The cracker is a no-brainer,” said Guy Antoine, an investment analyst at Element Investment Managers, noting that the sell-side estimates of what this option is worth make it exceptionally worthwhile.

“The cracker can take that gas, turn it into chemicals and ultimately plastics — the technology is so attractive because the capital outlay is less.

ENERGY LANDSCAPE TURNED UPSIDE DOWN
“The energy landscape in the US has been turned upside down,” Constable said. “[The US] is in a very strong position right now and the manufacturing industry is coming back with a vengeance.”

Antoine said the only concern is that, because of the rush for petrochemical companies to build these plants, in future, there may be too much capacity.

Owen Ncomo, an executive partner at Inkunzi investments, said there is always a risk of capital costs rising.

“If the US dollar weakens and they have to import equipment, they risk the cost of the project rising.”

The gas-to-liquids plant is a riskier project should the gas price rise and the oil price drop, and analysts are divided over whether Sasol will recover the cost of building the plant.

The price differential between the oil and gas price is key for the project to succeed, Antoine said.

OIL PRICES
The difference spiked in early 2012 when oil prices shot up and natural gas prices fell to around $2 a mmBtu (million British thermal units) and the ratio was 1:30.

Currently, Brent crude oil is at $108 a barrel and natural gas is at 3.74 per mmBtu, a ratio of 1:28.8.

Sasol, Constable said, can afford for the ratio to go as low as 1:16.

Constable said the company expected ethane feedstock pricing to stay low over the next few decades and was also “very comfortable with economics on the GTL plant”, although it requires a relatively low natural gas price and a relatively high oil diesel price.

“We also have value-add products off GTL which enhance the economics nicely … analysts often miss that.”

The possibility of the oil price sinking and the natural gas price rising can never be ruled out as some believe the shale boom will be short-lived and, according to Antoine, the market expects oil to decline to $88 dollars a barrel.

RISKY
“It is risky. You have to take a market view on what gas prices and oil [will be]. Gas prices have a higher historic volatility than oil prices do,” Antoine said.

Although Constable said the company sees the gas and oil prices staying above the 1:16 ratio in the long term, they have sought to de-risk the project further.

Shale assets in Canada owned by Sasol through a joint venture with Talisman acts as a “natural hedge”, Constable said.

A high gas price could mean losses in the Louisiana facility but will be offset by profits made by fracking and selling gas in the north.

“If all goes well, which we expect … it [the cracker] will be starting up in 2017,” Constable said. “There is a very high probability of proceeding.”

Sasol has begun ordering equipment for the cracker and applications for an air permit and wetlands permit have been submitted.

CONFIDENCE
“We are confident we will receive the permits in January and April respectively. It’s going very well on that front. We have got a lot of support from the state and Washington … it looks very good right now.”

The final investment decision on the gas-to-liquids plant will be taken 18 to 24 months after the cracker.

Constable said Sasol chose to phase in the projects to take care of the balance sheet and to make sure it had the right financial and human resources.

Sasol, with the use of its exclusive technology, is investing in a number of other gas-to-liquids offshore projects and, by the end of the decade, Constable said, it will be a much larger company, adding 70% to 75% more volumes for the group overall.

Sasol’s Oryx gas-to-liquids plant in Qatar is said to be performing exceptionally well and ran at 108% capacity in July.

This, Constable said, was proof that Sasol’s gas-to-liquids technology is fully commercialised and ready to be rolled out elsewhere in the world.

NOT GAINING TRACTION
In Escravos, Nigeria, Sasol’s third gas-to-liquids plant is close to being commissioned and, in Uzbekistan, Sasol, as part of a joint venture, is in the final stages of planning a facility that will convert gas reserves into transport fuel.

But a coal-to-liquids plant in the Waterberg does not seem to be gaining much traction — it is simply not as economically viable as the gas-to-liquids projects.

“The capital costs are much more, therefore the economics are much more challenging,” Constable said.

Coal-to-liquids plants need to be near a coal mine, and adequate water and infrastructure need to be in place.

DIVERSIFIED RISK
Coal to liquids requires a gasification process but using natural gas from the start removes that step and the costs associated with it.

Sasol’s investments offshore, and particularly the Lake Charles expansion, is “absolutely positive,” Ncomo said. “In my view they have diversified their risk.”

Antoine agreed: “Sasol, since being privatised, have taken their proprietary technology and tried to monetise that.”

Constable said Sasol’s focus is in Southern Africa until 2050. “We have a firm rooted in South Africa; we are not going anywhere.”

He said Sasol was keeping a close eye on the Karoo and the government’s interministerial committee on fracking.

The production of shale gas in South Africa “would change the energy landscape in the region”, he said.

“That would drive more feedstock for our Sasolburg and Secunda plants, and we would look at gas to power plants too.”

He said Sasol would also be keen to get involved with the extraction if the water and other environmental challenges can be overcome.

question: Summarize everything relating to expenses.

answer: The cracker project is estimated to cost between $5-billian and $7-billion. The gas-to-liquids plant has an estimated cost of betweeen $11-billion and $14-billion. In 2012, gas prices fell to around $2 a mmBtu. Currently, Brent crude oil costs $108 a barrel and natural gas is at 3.74 per mmBtu. The market expects oil to decline to $88 a barrel.

question: What does the article say about Europe?


text:
"My best friend was telling me last night about his amazing new discovery: some guy on the Internet was telling everyone how to easily make lucid dreams. The trick was to lay still on your bed, for up to half an hour, concentrating on staying awake. Your body would then fall asleep, but not your mind. Interested, he'd tried and told me how great it was, being half in reality and half in a dream.

The same night, I tried to find a comfortable enough position on my bed, but ended up on my back. I closed my eyes and focused my thoughts in resisting sleep. Soon I started aching, wasn't comfortable anymore. Still, it'd been probably over ten minutes and I lacked the motivation to start all over again. Five minutes passed, then ten.

It was at least fifteen later that I realised my body couldn't move anymore. It felt weird, like being paralysed. My imagination started running, and the panic became overwhelming: what if someone broke into my apartment and I just couldn't move? What if I was just dead? My friend hadn't told me anything about paralysis. Did he hide that, or was there a problem?

I was still panicking when I heard steps. My mind was running wild, in contrast to my body that only let me move or close my eyes. Two men in white entered my room and my heart nearly stopped; as one flicked the light switch, I realised I was lying on a hospital bed. All sorts of machines were wired to my arms, and I pictured myself from the point of view of my visitors: a seemingly lifeless body, miserable on its bed.

**No**. I wasn't lifeless, my eyes were moving! But then, they started talking to each other.

"- For how long has he been there?, said the first one.
- More than a week. His brain stopped functioning on the impact. His family wants us to let him go, they believe we're preventing him from finding peace."

"I am going to **die**", I thought. Killed in my dream. My friends would find me days later, and forget about me in a minute. I never achieved the social life I had hoped for. I was going to die before I even truly lived.

"- What about his eyes? He seems to react to our conversation."

**Yes**.

"- Just the remains of his nervous system. That's what kept him alive until he got here, actually."

I wanted to shout at them! "You can't just do this to me, treat me like a corpse! I want to live, this is a mistake!" Not a single word came out of my mouth. So I gave up and kept listening, my eyes shaky from the adrenaline rush.

"- Let me just check him for a minute before I give you the permission to do it.", said the first one.

I didn't allow myself to hope, and kept thinking about my short sad life. It really was a miserable way to leave, I had always hoped for better.
The doctor checked my pulse, breath, and did other things I didn't see. At some point I heard him whisper to my ear "I hope we're not making a mistake. If we are, I'm sorry."

My brain went hysterical after this one; hadn't it been for the paralysis, I would've burst out laughing. But I stood as still as I had been for the past few minutes, and permission to kill me was granted. This doctor had just sentenced me to death.

A button was pushed, and the last thing I heard was the place and time of my death.

I slowly regained control of my body, which was sweaty, thirsty, hungry and still under the effect of the huge adrenaline rush. First thing tomorrow, I'll punch my best friend in the face. "

Thanks for reading my first short story here and please report any mistakes because my first language is French and I want to learn. Thanks!

title: A Lucid Night

question: What happens when the narrator tries to do the lucid dreaming exercise?

answer: They become paralyzed and have a dream over which they have no control. They feel that they have left their body and see a group of paramedics come who say that they have been comatose for too long. The paramedics say, okay, this person is dead, time to pull the plug. The narrator freaks out and then wakes up enraged with their friend. when they realize they had just had an incredibly vivid dream.


text:
Waves lapped against our little home for the month. A dim light illuminated the effervescent sea. I watched, from my hammock strung between the mast and jib, the sunrise, one that I’d seen many times before. It’s Tuesday, June 16th, the weather is still rather spring-like, for summer hasn’t hit the east coast yet. An occasional groan resounded from the cabin, as well as the deck near the stern. It seemed like the crew was stirring from the bit of movement caused by the waves. I had laid out overnight, not able to sleep. I remember watching the stars fill the sky, like extraterrestrial lightning bugs. The Milky Way had conquered the entire sky last night; a beautiful sight in all its natural beauty. Some stars had twinkled, as if they were about to burst or go out. I remember watching light bulbs before they would extinguish. A flicker, a tremble. Then suddenly, a burst of heat, of pure white – if not for a split second – then, darkness enveloped. It seemed as if the darkness became a being of its own, and it would overtake one’s very heart if he were not careful enough.

 I blinked a few times to clear my blurry eyes. I spent the entire night thinking about what it would be like to be back on land. The sun was just breaking the horizon, and I had a front row seat for its beautiful dawn. The sky erupted with dark oranges, reds. I pulled my water bottle from the pocket in my hammock and took a sip of the cool liquid. It stung my throat, for my throat was completely devoid of normal clean moisture. I had been breathing only salty air the entire night, and my thirst had finally taken the best of me. The piercing ferocity of the silence that pervaded around me deafened my senses. I could only hear it, the dark dismal silence that one only hears when he is truly alone, alone in his mind, and alone physically. My crew didn’t take much to me, for I was simply a twenty-something captain. Typically, teenagers don’t want to listen to me. However, they volunteered. It’s saddening to think that even one’s closest friends seem the furthest away when he has to keep his mind to himself and simply give orders.

The sun’s crown broke the surface of the sea; it blinded me for a second. I had forgotten to look away – the beauty of its rise had captivated me. The colors of the sky quickly faded in hue from the brilliant color of which they began to stale blues and yellows. The sun had finally risen.

Yesterday, our ship lost her course and we had to anchor in a small cove off the Coast of Tangier Island. Some of the crew had taken one of the two canoes on the stern and filled them with their camping gear and canoed out to the island, staying on dry land for the night. Their fire still had a bit of smoke trailing up from it. Good to know they wanted the island to keep from burning last night. A light breeze continuously graced our ship with its presence. She ebbed and flowed with the current, with the waves. I could taste the salt in the air, and sometimes I questioned the quality of the air I was breathing. Footsteps. Someone was awake. I clambered out of my hammock and squandered my way down to the cabin; after all, I was supposed to check the maps and GPS. Michael, the first up every morning, was rolling up his blanket and pillow to throw in the storage bay so we’d have more room in the cabin once we set sail in a little while.

“Mornin’, Captain,” he said with a slight smile.

“Mornin’, sleep well?” I asked.

“’bout as well as I can on the floor of a sailboat’s cabin, sir,” he replied rather sarcastically.

“I feel ya’, man,” I said monotonously, “ready for another day of sailing?”

“Gimme about ten minutes, and yeah, I should be,” he replied.

“Great. Would you mind waking the others?” I asked, “I have some business map-wise to tend to.”

“Yes sir, I will,” he said.

“Thanks, Michael – knew I could count on ya’.”

With that, he began rustling the others. I sat down and tended to the maps and plotted our course. I knew we had to be in Urbanna by Thursday, which was an easy task because it was a straight shot from Tangier. Straight ‘cross the Chesapeake, and sail for another three hours upriver and it should be port side, if I remember correctly. The voyage to that little city was quick and simple, but there was the issue with the sunken Bay Chaser wreck just off Stingray Point that had to be worried about. The wreck was rather new, and another ship in our fleet, the Kristen Marie, had already struck her keel on the mast of the wreck.  Apparently her propeller had also gotten caught up in the rigging.

However, I was on a trip with the captain of the Kristen Marie when she sunk, so I remember rather vividly where she is, and what position she’s in. Sadly, though, the deepest part of bay is right by Stingray Point, and either side of the channel below is surrounded by 70 feet of sheer rock cliffs. With only 7 feet of water on either side, we had to sail straight through.

“Sir,” a voice rang out, “sir!” I broke out of the daze I was in.

“Oh! Adam, mornin’ m’boy,” I said.

“Mornin’ captain – I was wondering when we’d be shoving off?” Shoving off – I hadn’t heard that term since I was under Captain Rob way back when I was a teenager.

“Not sure, are the boys on the island up?” I asked.

“There are guys on the island?” He replied obliviously.

“Yes – I’ll take that as a ‘no.’”

“Let me go up on deck and see, most likely not though,” Adam stated.

“If they’re not up, I’ve got an idea,” I said, slightly maniacally.

“Oh boy,” a few of the guys in the crew said sarcastically, laughing a little.

“Captain, seems like they’re still sound asleep,” Adam said coming down the ladder from the helm.

“Great,” I said, “someone retrieve me a pen, I seem to have lost mine,” I said. Brett, a hyper one of the bunch, pulled a pen from his bag.

“Thanks, now, give me one moment,” I said. I pulled a small piece of paper and an envelope from my desk. Writing a simple little note to the boys on the island, signed, sealed, and to be delivered.

“What’s the note say, captain?” Brett asked.

“In time, in time,” I replied philosophically.

“What the hell is that supposed to mean?” He asked, slightly angered.

“Cool it, stupid,” David said, emerging from the bathroom.

“Guys, calm down – you’ll all see this little plan I’ve hatched, now, someone, take this letter, get in one of the canoes, and deliver this letter to them – don’t wake them though,” I said, smiling.

“I’ll do it,” Adam said.

So, off he went. I waited to hear the canoe hit the water to begin telling the crew what I was doing.

“You see, I have kids like this occasionally who like to spend the night on Tangier, and they always get up late, regardless of what I tell them. So! We’re going to leave them a little letter, which says: Boys, we decided to leave you guys on the island. There’s a small cache of food near the beach, it should look like a .50 caliber ammo box, and there should be two of them. They’ll keep you fed for a few days. We’ll be back at some point. Get up early next time. Signed – Captain.

“Now, when Adam gets back aboard, we’ll set out. Since the beach here is rather deep, we’ll be able to motor our way out-“

“You’re insane!” Brett shouted.

“I don’t think so – we’re just sailing around the cove. Did you seriously think I’d leave them behind?” I replied.

“Oh…” he said, trailing off.

About 10 minutes passed before Adam climbed back on board. Everybody watched him tentatively as he climbed down from the deck.

“Letter in place?” Michael asked.

“That it is, my friend,” he replied.

“Great then, let’s head out,” I stated.

*To be continued...*

title: Voyage

question: Summarize the captain's plot.

answer: He wants to teach a lesson to some of his crew (the boys on the island) for sleeping too late. He'd told them to get up early, but they were asleep when the captain woke up. So he sent someone with a message written on paper, claiming that the ship will be back for them in a few days. In actuality, they will only sail around the cove and be back a lot sooner.

question: What does the text say about the ship and her crew?

answer: The ship is home to a crew of teenagers captained by a twenty-something. The crew, while seeming obedient, doesn't take to the captain all that much. The captain thinks of being somewhat lonely for he's unable to share his mind, only giving orders. After they lost course, they anchored in a small cove off the Coast of Tangier, and some of the crew moved to the island. The captain tricks the boys on the island with a note saying he's leaving them behind while intending to be back a lot sooner.

question: What does the text say about life at sea?


text:
About as quickly as it hacked into our brains with its sumptuous visuals and shockingly prescient political paranoia, _Mr. Robot_ is now ending. As announced on Wednesday, the fourth season of USA Network’s Golden Globe–winning series will be its last, debuting a final batch of 12 episodes sometime in 2019. “Since day one, I’ve been building toward one conclusion—and in breaking the next season of _Mr. Robot_, I have decided that conclusion is finally here,” creator Sam Esmail said in a statement.

Aside from earning the inauspicious distinction of being the best TV series relative to its objectively silly name, _Mr. Robot_ subverted television’s typically cheesy portrayals of hackers and created a hyper-paranoid, anti-capitalist thriller that evoked everything from _Fight Club_ to _Back to the Future_. And its cryptic, digitally inclined storytelling was fervently received: After all, this was a series that threw Morse code on the tie of Bobby Cannavale’s character in a Season 3 press release with the expectation that fans would go down a coding rabbit hole and come out with a trailer—which, of course, they did. This was a series that had people strapping on the creepy, Guy Fawkes–meets–Monopoly Man mask of fsociety for Halloween, as one guy I know did for two consecutive years. (That one guy is me.) The thought of bidding farewell to a show as idiosyncratic and immersive as _Mr. Robot_ sooner than expected is bittersweet.

Sure, sometimes Esmail’s commitment to the show’s unique aesthetic came off as pretentious—is there any reason a Season 3 episode needed to be filmed in the style of one long take other than the fact it looks cool and is difficult to achieve?—but there are so few series in the era of Peak TV that have felt as individualistic or engrossing. (I hear you, Season 2 detractors, but I always appreciated the show’s devotion to its claustrophobic conceptions, even if it was sometimes off-putting.) But by limiting _Mr. Robot_ to a succinct four seasons, Esmail is keeping in line with the trajectory he’s always envisioned for the series, having said before that he expected the show to run for four to five seasons. Additionally, _Mr. Robot_ was initially conceived as a feature film, so the shorter series length makes sense—to say nothing of the fact Esmail’s slate has suddenly filled up with things like the upcoming Amazon series _Homecoming_ and plans to make a _Metropolis_ miniseries.

Assuming the fourth and final season lives up to the near-unanimous critical praise of the first and third seasons—and for the sake of fans, answers some lingering questions and provides clarity about the show’s increasingly heavy science-fiction vibes—_Mr. Robot_ will be ending on its own terms without succumbing to any extended series slumps. As sad as _Mr. Robot_’s ending may initially be, it’s as good a reminder as ever that a show ending on the earlier side—with a plan in place—is a far superior option than one going on for so long that it loses the plot (sometimes literally) and fades into obscurity.

Though there have been series that have justified extensive lengths without sparing quality, those exceptions are some of the very best shows to ever come out of TV’s Golden Age, like _The Sopranos_ (six seasons) and _Mad Men_ (seven seasons). Far more often, shows that once competed for Emmys began to wane long before they were mercifully ended. The prime example is Showtime’s _Dexter_, which had a mostly good four-season stretch, culminating in the tragic murder of Dexter Morgan’s wife Rita, before producing four more, critically reviled seasons and one of the worst finales ever made. And _Dexter_ is hardly alone—similar statements can be made about _True Blood_ (seven seasons), _How I Met Your Mother_ (nine seasons), _Sons of Anarchy_ (seven seasons), _Homeland_ (it’s _finally_ ending after an eighth season next year!), _Scandal_ (seven seasons), _Weeds_ (eight seasons), and _The Walking Dead_, which may never leave the airwaves despite losing its main character in its ninth (!) season.

The ideal compromise is a shorter series length that stays true to the creator’s vision. For instance, Sony Pictures and AMC were happy to give _Breaking Bad_ creator Vince Gilligan more than five seasons, but he stuck to his five-season plan and came away with an all-timer. (While getting to have his cake and eat it too by remaining in the _Breaking Bad_ world with the equally compelling prequel series, _Better Call Saul_.) FX’s _The Americans_ might have dragged in its fifth season, but in allowing the show to reach its natural end after six years, showrunners Joe Weisberg and Joel Fields rewarded the independence the network granted them by cutting things off before the Jenningses’ spycraft lost its tension.

Ending sooner rather than later—this is perhaps the best concession for shows to make in 2018, in a time when miniseries with definite endings happily become multiseason shows (hi, _Big Little Lies_, but With Meryl Streep). A show as dense and plotty—and which frequently hides things from its audience, sometimes holding reveals until long after fans already have discovered the big twist—as _Mr. Robot_ feels like an ideal candidate for this shorter runtime. There is inherent value to Esmail ending things on his own terms rather than being tempted to go along longer than anticipated. (Esmail tweeted on Wednesday night that USA Network was happy to keep the show going.) It’s obviously bittersweet to leave the paranoid headspace of Elliot Alderson and his anarchist alter-ego—but as brief but fantastic shows like _The Leftovers_ and _Halt and Catch Fire_ have affirmed, leaving somewhat early is a far more palatable compromise than watching a show dragging itself through the mud for four additional seasons just because it can, tainting what you loved about the series in the process. When people think about _Dexter_, they don’t think about the Ice Truck Killer—they think about the lumberjack.

So instead of mourning _Mr. Robot_’s end (though note: It is definitely OK to take a moment to grieve, and perhaps put on the creepy mask one more time), let’s celebrate the fact the show is ending when it is, on its own terms.

question: Which show is ending?

answer: Mr Robot.

question: Who created the show?

answer: Sam Esmail.

question: How was season one filmed?

answer: In the style of one long take.

question: How many seasons were there?

answer: Four.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: After four seasons, the critic and audience favorite, Mr Robot, will be coming to an end. Creator Sam Esmail is keeping in line with the vision he's always held for the series: he had planned four to five seasons since the beginning. The author argues that most shows suffer from lasting too many seasons, with the exception of a few, such as The Sopranos. Breaking Bad is cited as an example of a show that could have gone on more than five seasons-the network allegedly had given it the green light-but the creator, Vince Gilligan, opted to stick to five. The author wants to celebrate Mr Robot's ending on its own terms.


text:
LORNA MARGARET ARNOLD (; 7 December 1915 – 25 March 2014) was a British historian who wrote a number of books connected with the British nuclear weapons programmes.

A graduate of Bedford College, London, she trained as a teacher at the Cambridge Training College for Women, but left teaching in 1940. During the Second World War, she served with the Army Council secretariat. In 1944, she transferred to the Foreign Office to head a section of the secretariat of the European Advisory Commission. In June 1945, she moved to Berlin as part of the Allied Control Council, working in the Economic Directorate alongside counterparts from France, America and Russia to co-ordinate administering the districts and supplying food to the population. She was posted to Washington, D.C., in November 1946 as part of the British negotiating team that agreed to merge the U.S. and British zones of Allied-occupied Germany into Bizonia, and remained at the Pentagon until 1949.

In January 1959, she joined the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), where she worked within its Authority Health and Safety Branch (AHSB), coordinating the investigation of the 1957 Windscale fire, about which she would later write a book. In 1967, she joined Margaret Gowing in writing the history of the British nuclear weapons programmes. As its second official historian, she had access to previously secret documents and personally knew many of the people involved. She produced histories of the 1957 Windscale fire, the nuclear weapons tests in Australia and the British hydrogen bomb programme. In her old age she was still an active participant in intelligence/historical community debate.

Early years

Lorna Margaret Rainbow was born at 35 Craven Park, Harlesden, Middlesex, on 7 December 1915,[1] the eldest of five children of Kenneth Wallace Rainbow and Lorna Pearl Rainbow (née Dawson). She had three younger sisters, Hilary, Rosemary and Ruth, and a younger brother, Geoffrey.[2] Her father served in the First World War with the Royal Naval Division and the Royal Navy Air Service.[3] After the war he became a farmer, and the family moved to a farm called Flexwood near Guildford. She became a vegetarian when she realised at dinner one night that a cow her parents had sold had probably not found a better home.[4]

Rainbow attended Wanborough Primary School. No girls in her village had won a scholarship to attend secondary school before Rainbow sat for the examination in 1927, but she was awarded one, along with two other girls. She started at the Guildford County School for Girls in September 1927. The family moved to a dairy farm called Little Prestwick Farm near Haslemere in 1931, but she remained at Guildford, becoming its first student to win a scholarship to university.[5][6] She sat exams for both Reading University and the University of London in 1934, and was offered scholarships by both. She opted to enter Bedford College, London, a small women's college of the University of London. It was the first college in the United Kingdom to award degrees to women. She studied English, graduating in 1937 with a Bachelor of Arts degree with upper second-class honours.

After graduation, Rainbow trained as a teacher at the Cambridge Training College for Women, a small women's college with about fifty or sixty students at the time. Although it is adjacent to Fenner's, the University of Cambridge's cricket ground, it was not at the time a college of the University, and would not be accepted as one until 2007.[7] She graduated with her teaching certificate, which allowed her to secure a position teaching English at Belper School in 1938. She began having fainting spells, and returned to the family Little Prestwick Farm in 1940.

Second World War, Berlin and Bizonia

Una Ellis-Fermor, who had been one of Rainbow's lecturers at Bedford, found her a position as a clerk at the Ministry of Pensions in Cambridge, where she also lectured part-time for adult education classes. At this point she received a telegram from the Ministry of Labour and National Service, who were tracking down graduates not working for the war effort, and was instructed to report for duty at the War Office. She served as part of Army Council secretariat, working for Lieutenant Colonel Alan Mocatta. There she took on increasing responsibilities, many related to supply and logistics for the war effort. As D-Day drew near, her workload became intense, and she took Benzedrine. During this time, she lived in London with her aunt Phyl on Kensington High Street. After her father joined the Army, her mother and siblings left the family farm and moved to the same street, about away. Like many Londoners, they experienced the hazards of the German air raids on London. She served as a neighbourhood fire warden. The windows of her office at the War Office were blown in twice, and were then replaced with scrim.

Soon after D-Day in 1944, Rainbow transferred to the Foreign Office to head a section of the secretariat of the European Advisory Commission (EAC) at Norfolk House, making arrangements for the post-war administration of Germany. In June 1945, she moved to Berlin as part of the Allied Control Council. For a time, she slept with a revolver under her pillow during the turbulent times just after the Battle of Berlin.[8] After the Second World War, Allied-occupied Germany was divided into four zones, managed by the British, American, French and Russians. Berlin was also divided into four zones, and Rainbow worked as the UK secretary in the Economic Directorate alongside counterparts from France, America and Russia to co-ordinate administering the districts and supplying food to the population.[9]

Britain had very limited resources at the end of the war, but the British Zone was the most populated, most industrialised, and most devastated by Allied bombing, and therefore the most expensive for the occupier. The British government decided to reduce the cost by sharing the burden with the United States. Rainbow returned to London to work on this project, and was then sent to Washington, D.C., as part of the British negotiating team. She sailed on the , arriving in New York in November 1946. The Americans agreed to merge the U.S. and British zones into Bizonia, with the two nations sharing the costs equally. To deal with issues arising from the agreement, a small staff remained in Washington, and Rainbow was selected to be part of it. After spending Christmas in London, she flew to New York in January 1947. During her time in Washington, she had a desk at the Pentagon, and lived in a house on P Street which she shared with two other women from the British Embassy. She attempted to get the best possible deal for Britain; whenever possible, purchases were made in sterling, and shipping was with the Cunard Line. Eventually, the British government found even half the cost of Bizonia too much to bear, resulting in further negotiations. In 1949, she returned to England on the .

Marriage and family

Rainbow took a position with the Family Planning Association (FPA). On 26 July 1949, she married Robert Arnold, an American choirmaster and recording engineer she had met in Washington, D.C.,[10] and changed her name to Lorna Arnold. They had two sons, Geoffrey, born in 1950, and Stephen, born in 1952. She continued working at the FPA until three weeks before Geoffrey was born. The family initially lived rent free in an attic apartment at No. 3 Cheyne Walk in Chelsea, where Robert had a part-time job restoring a collection of Elizabethan-era musical instruments such as virginals, harpsichords and clavichords, that had been donated to the National Trust by Benton Fletcher. The lower floors of the building were a museum for the instruments.

In late 1952, the National Trust moved the collection of keyboard instruments to Fenton House, and the family moved to Brondesbury Road, and then, in 1953, to a house they bought in Oxgate Gardens. Robert worked for the BBC as a studio manager for _The Goon Show_ and the BBC World Service, and then for EMI, where he was involved with the development of stereophonic sound and the LP record. Her health deteriorated after Stephen's birth, and she had a hysterectomy. Her aunt Phyl took care of the children while she recovered. In 1955, her husband, unable to reconcile his lifestyle with his homosexuality, returned to the United States, and she became a single mother. She returned to work, initially in a biscuit factory, and then in a series of clerical jobs.

United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

A chance lunchtime meeting with a wartime colleague in 1958 led Arnold to apply for a position at the Ministry of Health. The Director of Establishments there asked if he might forward her details to his counterpart at the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA), which he knew was expanding due to the 1957 Windscale fire, there being multiple inquiries into the disaster. To her surprise, her secretariat skills in writing and coordinating reports and studies were exactly what the UKAEA was looking for, and she was hired. After a security background check, she commenced work on 2 January 1959, with the Authority Health and Safety Branch (AHSB). She worked on the Veale Committee on Training in Radiation Safety, and, after it wound up, as personal assistant to the director, Andrew MacLean.

In 1967, Arnold was abruptly reassigned as the UKAEA Records Officer, vice Margaret Gowing, who had published the first volume of the history of the British nuclear weapons programme, _Britain and Atomic Energy_ (1964). In 1966, Gowing had become a Reader in Contemporary History at the new University of Kent, Canterbury, covering scientific, technical, economic and social history,[11] and was only working at the UKAEA part-time. The UKAEA therefore decided that Gowing needed an assistant. There was some urgency; the Public Records Act 1967 had reduced the period in which public records were closed to the public from fifty to thirty years. This meant that unless deemed “sensitive”, the records of the UKAEA would begin to be transferred to the Public Record Office and become available to the public in the 1970s. Getting the records in order and examined for secret material was an enormous and time-consuming task. Under the 1958 US–UK Mutual Defence Agreement, American secrets had been shared with the United Kingdom, so the job also involved liaison with American archivists. To be closer to the Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell, and the Atomic Weapons Establishment at Aldermaston, she sold her house in London and bought one on the outskirts of Oxford, from which she could more conveniently reach these establishments via the A34.

Gowing and Arnold published their two-volume _Independence and Deterrence: Britain and Atomic Energy, 1945–52_ in 1974, covering the post-war British atomic bomb programme, to which Arnold contributed six chapters. The success of this work, even before it was published, led to Gowing becoming the first occupant of a new chair in the history of science at the University of Oxford in 1972. Arnold was honoured as an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1977 New Year Honours.[12] With the concurrence of the UKAEA Board, Gowing and Arnold then turned to the task of writing the next instalment of the history of the British nuclear weapons programme, about the British hydrogen bomb programme. The work proceeded slowly, but during the 1980s, there was increased interest in the nuclear weapons tests in Australia, and the Australian government created the McClelland Royal Commission to investigate them. Having written the chapter on these for the book with Gowing, Arnold decided to produce a book. _A Very Special Relationship: British Atomic Weapon Trials in Australia_. It received mixed reviews, Her Majesty's Stationery Office did not market it well, and it was not available in Australia. She later produced an updated edition, _Britain, Australia and the Bomb: The Nuclear Tests and Their Aftermath_ in 2005 with Mark Smith from the University of Southampton.

Arnold returned to working on the hydrogen bomb book, but 1987 was the 30th anniversary of the Windscale accident. Rather than let the records of the accident and subsequent inquiries be released over several years, Arnold persuaded the Public Records Office to release them all at once. In meetings with the various responsible government agencies, the topic of a book about Windscale came up, and Arnold decided to write one, which became _Windscale 1957: Anatomy of a Nuclear Accident_ in 1992. Gowing, in poor health, retired from the UKAEA in 1993. By this time her two research assistants had also left, and Arnold feared that the UKAEA Council would shut down the hydrogen bomb book project, which she hoped to follow up with one on the UK civil nuclear power programme. The UKAEA Council decided to press on with the project, asking Arnold to stay on although she was now over seventy years old. In 1993, she was joined by Katherine Pyne, an aircraft engineer working on a history degree, who became her research assistant for two years. However, the end was in sight. The UKAEA no longer had responsibility for nuclear weapons, and management was not interested in it. With funds for the project almost exhausted, the UKAEA Council decided that Arnold should retire in 1996. She loaded her notes into her car and took them home. Sympathetic friends at the Ministry of Defence found some money to cover her expenses, and she doggedly worked on it from home. _Britain and the H-Bomb_ finally appeared in 2001.

Later life

Arnold was a Fellow of the Institute of Physics, a rare accolade for a non-physicist,[13] and was a recipient of an Honorary Fellowship of the Society for Radiological Protection. In 2009, she received an honorary Doctorate of Letters from the University of Reading for her work in nuclear history.[14] She was introduced to Scilla Elworthy, one of the leaders of the Oxford Research Group, one of the UK's leading advocates for alternatives to global conflict, in the 1980s by her friend, physicist Rudolf Peierls. Through Elworthy, Arnold became active in the movement for nuclear disarmament. She participated in a series of video presentations on issues of nuclear weapons and nuclear energy for Talkworks, an organisation that focused on dangers associated with nuclear weapons. She also worked with television productions, including two BBC television documentaries on Windscale in 1990 and 2007, and a six-part documentary _The Nuclear Age_. which was cancelled by the BBC. In an episode of the BBC radio programme _A Room with a View_, she visited the room at the University of Birmingham where Peierls had worked on the Frisch–Peierls memorandum.

Arnold became legally blind in 2002, but in 2012, at age 96, published her memoirs, entitled _My Short Century_, in which she described her life from living on a farm, and friendships with noted figures in the world of nuclear research and development; “but also”, noted the Daily Telegraph, “chronicled the life of one of the many thousands of women denied greater eminence because of their sex.”[15] She died at Oxenford House care home in Cumnor, Oxfordshire, on 25 March 2014 after suffering a stroke.[16] She was survived by her two sons.[17][18]

Published works

-   (1974). _Independence and Deterrence: Britain and Atomic Energy, 1945–52: Volume 1: Policy Making_. (With Margaret Gowing). London: Macmillan. .
-   (1974). _Independence and Deterrence: Britain and Atomic Energy, 1945–52: Volume 2: Policy Execution_. (With Margaret Gowing). London: Macmillan. .
-   (1987). _A Very Special Relationship: British Atomic Weapon Trials in Australia_. London: HMSO Books. .
-   (2001) _Britain and the H-Bomb_. London: Palgrave Macmillan (with Katherine Pyne)
-   (2005) _Britain, Australia and the Bomb: The Nuclear Tests and Their Aftermath_. (International Papers in Political Economy) (with Mark Smith) London: Palgrave Macmillan
-   (2007) _Windscale 1957: Anatomy of a Nuclear Accident_. London: Palgrave Macmillan
-   (2012) _My Short Century_. Palo Alto, California: Cumnor Hill Books

Notes

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

title: Lorna Arnold

question: Summarize Lorna Arnold's contributions to the British military.

answer: Loran Arnold was a British historian who wrote about British nuclear weapons. She served during the Second World War in the Army Council Secretariat but transferred to the Foreign Office to head a section of the secretariat of the European Advisory Commission. Around 1945, she moved to Berlin, working in the Economic Directorate alongside staff from France, America, and Russia to supply food to the population. In 1959, Arnold joined the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEE) coordinating the investigation of the 1957 Windscale fire. She would later join Margaret Gowing in writing the history of the British nuclear weapons programmes. She also wrote about the nuclear weapons tests in Australia and the British hydrogen bomb programme.

question: Summarize Lorna Rainbow's teaching career.

answer: Lorna Rainbow was born in Middlesex in 1915. She attended Wanborough Primary School and became the first girl in her village to win a scholarship to attend a secondary school. Rainbow's secondary school was Guilford County School for Girls, a place she remained even when her family moved near Haslemere in 1931. Rainbow won another scholarship to the University of London and Reading University but opted to enter Bedford College, London, a small college of the University of London. It was the first college in the United Kingdom to award degrees to women. Rainbow graduated in 1937 with a Bachelor of Arts degree and proceeded to train as a teacher at the Cambridge Training College for Women.


text:
*“Really, is this the place to complain? Don’t psycho babble me. Don’t tell me what you know about me.”*

“This is the Phantom Tattoo of Dialas.” The human head on the ground said, motioning with its eyes up to its forehead where a tattoo of a bird with a worm in its mouth became shrunk with the effort of looking up towards it.

*“Did I ever tell you that you look decades older than you are? Did you ever listen? You can’t come in here and”*

The sapling tree looked at the tattoo and nodded. The upper portion of its trunk served as a head with a mouth at the point where the last branches occurred with his eyes at the end of those branches. “I see that you are wise.”

*“When they pulled him out of the water, there were fishes in his mouth. Like whole fishes. Big ones. They’d roll their eyes at you and then start gasping.”*

The head rolled towards the sapling as it tried to nod. “Whoooooaaaa.” The head exclaimed, and knocked the sapling over.

*“The eco disasters are here. They are now. You can’t ignore them. This is not the end of mankind, it is the end of life. You don’t just walk away from this. You die with it.”*

The sapling used its roots to stand and declared “I am Iron Giant. I am of the Three Oak Woods. I have left the desolation of my forest to find a new home for my people. I communicate with them through the wind.”

*“There’s a Native American word – it’s like their language, man – and it’s Dialis. It means the last worm. When the last worm is pulled, they say, then the we ain’t got long. Look, a buddy of mine carved it in that tree over there. Let me show you.”*

There was a muffled noise and Iron Giant gave the head a nudge and it righted itself. “I am Al.” The human head said. “I have been decapitated from my body and search for it by questioning those that come upon me – have you seen a human body as of late?”

*“The thing that you encounter most in life is hope. Everyone who wakes up is full of hope, or they’d stay in bed. That’s how all life is. Everything you see around you. Just growing up out of the ground in hope of something more. I hope one day we find out what we’re hoping for.”*

Iron Giant looked around himself and replied “I have not.”

*“She hit him with a bottle. Right over there! Man, just knocked him down. Blood running, people running, cops running – it was bizarre. Just hit him in the head with a bottle for no reason. People are getting nuts, man.”*

Al squinted at Iron Giant and replied “I believe you. Tell me, where do you expect to find a forest? The last forest fell many years ago. In fact, I find it hard to believe you stand in front of me.”

*“When I was four I lost a tooth and it really upset me. I thought that was it. I’d never get that tooth back. I was malformed. Something wrong. I’ve felt that way ever since.”*

Iron Giant explained “My forest is far away, across the ocean.”

*“Do you still talk to your father?”*

“But you are a sapling, you cannot have come far.”

*“We have a trace on the call and we believe it’s coming from inside the house. But not your house.”*

“I am a stunted tree without soil or water to relax in; in fact, I am 45 years of age.”

*“When it comes down to it, people are all the same – shits.”*

The head sighed. “There’s a computer over there. You could ask it.”

*“Thank you for yielding your time. This measure – this aberration to the United States…this idea that you can choke business to save trees…well, I’m amazed.”*

Iron Giant looked over to a dead tree in the barren desert he occupied with Al and asked “And did it find your body?”

*“You get that iPhone with the Mars app? Shits live, man. Live.”*

The head explained “No. It can only answer yes or no questions. It said my body still exists.”

*“The overabundance of the chemical in the soil will lead to a collapse in the ecosystem. That was 80 years ago, and now you’re standing in the remains. Look around you – that sound you hear is your own feet breaking glass. This is more than a desert, it’s a window.”*

Iron Giant approached the computer and asked “Say, computer, is there a forest on this planet that still exists?”

*“I would say that if they don’t pull out of the neutral zone there will be war. And this won’t be the tit for tat firing we’ve seen for the passed 70 years – this will be a nuke throw.”*

The computer responded “Yes.”

*“You haven’t done shit all your life. You lay around and just soak up money. I’d divorce you, but you spent everything that’s left on junk.”*

“Is it to the north?”

*“Bless you.”*

“Yes.”

*“They are in the air. God bless America.”*

“Is it within a year away?”

*“We want you to remember that this is not a reflection on you. Your efforts have proven your worth and it’s with much regret we must inform you…”*

“Yes.”

*“You are the dumbest, laziest, jackass of a kid I have ever laid eyes on. Why don’t you just kill yourself?”*

“Do you tell the truth?”

*“LOLZ. STUPID BETCH.”*

“Yes.”

*“No word from the Dakotas.”*

“Do you lie?”

*“The fundamental right of each and every human being is to praise Jesus. Praise the word. Praise his name. We have found the glory!”*

“Yes.”

*“Odds are one in 678 million. No purchase necessary. For information on redeeming free game cards”*

“Do you only say Yes?”

*“You know, I see these people driving – I don’t know where they’re going – but they mean something to someone and so I stop and I wave. What’s wrong with that?”*

“Yes.”

*“It is a learning moment, as the newborn opens its eyes and receives the grubs from its mother.”*

Iron Giant looked over at the head on the ground, who was now crying. “That’s all that I had left.” The head said.

*“3 billion is a lot over night.”*

“Were you here when this tree died?”

*“If history has taught us nothing else, then science can: we are doomed.”*

Both the computer and the head responded “Yes.”

*“The space program today has detected what could be the last”*

“How did it die?”

*“fell on the S and P in a short fall to the end of the period when lasting meaningful relationships fell upon the Earth in dark blotches that ran into the sea and said Fuck it one last time.”*

The computer responded “Yes” and Al responded “It got into a fight with the computer. The computer showed up long ago and the tree began asking it the same questions you did. The tree got angry and struck the computer and the computer fried it.”

*“Reports are coming in.”*

“Then the computer still has defensive measures? What could it be guarding?”

*“Most of Russia and the European inland.”*

“I don’t know. I tried to open the computer and it decapitated me.”

*“Goodnight.”*

“Then your body should be around here somewhere.”

“I’m afraid it is. It is the tree.”

title: Apple Tree

question: What does the text sat about the Iron Giant?

answer: Natural disasters were destroying mankind and the Iron Giant was one of the Three Oak Woods trees who fled from the depleting forest. The Iron Giant had come from a forest across the ocean who claimed to communicate to its people through the wind. It was in search for a new home, a forest that still existed on the planet.


text:
The question of what to include in the case against President Trump is at the heart of a new book by Norm Eisen, a lawyer working with House Democrats in the impeachment effort.

[House Democrats initially drew up 10 articles of impeachment against President Donald Trump last year, according to a new book to be published next week.]

Credit...Doug Mills/The New York Times

-   July 22, 2020

WASHINGTON — The House Judiciary Committee staff initially drew up 10 articles of impeachment against President Trump last year, alleging a wide range of high crimes and misdemeanors before the case was whittled down to his interactions with Ukraine, according to a book to be published next week.

The staff members, working for Representative Jerrold Nadler, Democrat of New York and the committee chairman, drafted a sweeping indictment of Mr. Trump charging him with, among other things, obstructing the Russia investigation, authorizing hush money for women to cover up sexual affairs, illegally diverting money to his border wall and profiting personally from his office.

In the end, House Democratic leaders privately rejected prosecuting the president for those other actions, according to the book, calculating that such an expansive set of accusations would cost them votes even among Democrats by seeming to go too far and thus potentially sink the whole impeachment effort. The internal debate came down to whether to include a third article claiming obstruction of the special counsel investigation but Speaker Nancy Pelosi vetoed it.

The decision to pursue a narrower case has long posed one of the most perplexing what-if counterfactuals of the entire impeachment and trial of Mr. Trump: What would have happened if House Democrats had thrown everything they had against the president rather than stick to just his campaign to pressure Ukraine to incriminate his Democratic rivals? Would a broader case have been more compelling as some Democrats argued or be viewed as overreach as the leaders of the impeachment drive concluded?

The new book by Norman L. Eisen, a former White House official and ambassador who served as a lawyer for Mr. Nadler, is the first inside account to emerge from only the third impeachment of a president in American history. Nearly six months after the Senate acquitted Mr. Trump, Mr. Eisen in effect is trying to appeal the verdict to the higher court of public opinion as the election approaches and therefore titled his book, “A Case for the American People.”

Mr. Eisen offers tantalizing details from the committee’s own investigation of the president that did not make it into the final impeachment articles, including testimony reinforcing the suspicion that Mr. Trump had a heads-up from Roger J. Stone Jr. about a pending WikiLeaks release of Democratic emails stolen by Russian agents.

Mr. Eisen likewise elaborates on a previously reported idea to offer a $50 million penthouse to President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia as part of a deal to build a Trump Tower in Moscow. According to Mr. Eisen, Michael D. Cohen, the president’s former personal lawyer, revealed “that he had discussed it with Trump, who liked the idea and thought it was funny,” though it never materialized.

The question of what to include in the case against Mr. Trump is at the heart of Mr. Eisen’s book. As a former ethics counsel to President Barack Obama, Mr. Eisen describes joining the “resistance” to Mr. Trump early in 2017 when he was outraged at the new president’s refusal to cut ties with his company, meaning he would profit from foreign powers that did business with the Trump Organization. Mr. Eisen helped bring lawsuits accusing Mr. Trump of violating the emoluments clause of the Constitution before joining Mr. Nadler’s staff early in 2019 hoping to pursue impeachment.

Mr. Eisen discloses that the committee staff members drafted nine articles of impeachment against Mr. Trump in August 2019, even before the Ukraine episode came to light. They would have charged the president with colluding with Russia even though the special counsel Robert S. Mueller III reported that he did not find enough evidence to prove a criminal conspiracy, reasoning that Mr. Trump knowingly benefited from Moscow’s intervention in the 2016 election and that proving a statutory violation was not necessary for impeachment.

They also would have charged Mr. Trump with obstructing Mr. Mueller’s investigation, obstructing congressional investigations, engaging in the hush money scheme carried out by Mr. Cohen, dangling pardons to keep potential witnesses against him quiet, usurping the power of Congress both by spending money on his border wall and by imposing tariffs without authorization, targeting his adversaries with the power of his office and violating the emoluments clause.

The committee staff members, assuming that Mr. Trump would take other objectionable action, then added a placeholder 10th article titled, “The Next High Crime.” Just weeks later, the president’s Ukraine pressure campaign came to light and filled that slot.

As the investigation into the Ukraine matter proceeded, however, House Democratic leaders opted to focus largely on that after concluding that some Democrats in conservative districts would not support a kitchen-sink prosecution.

“I would have loved to have gotten all the articles,” Mr. Eisen said in an interview on Wednesday. “There would have been no benefit to doing it because there was no consensus for doing it.”

Barry Berke, another lawyer for Mr. Nadler, said on Wednesday that there was a serious debate about how broad the articles should be. “I will tell you, it was not an easy question,” he said. “It was more a question of what should be charged than what could be charged.”

By December, after hearings, Mr. Nadler ultimately presented Ms. Pelosi and other leaders with just three articles, one claiming abuse of power by enlisting a foreign power to tarnish Democrats, another claiming obstruction of the House investigation into the matter and a third claiming obstruction of Mr. Mueller’s inquiry.

Ms. Pelosi ruled out the Mueller article, deeming it a bridge too far. But Mr. Nadler fought for permission to insert language into the remaining two articles stating that the actions were part of a broader pattern, in effect referring to the other uncharged offenses.

“We had to simplify it, but we did reference all of it through the pattern language that we got into both of the articles,” Mr. Nadler said in an interview. “You couldn’t deal with 10 articles. Two were complex enough.”

Ashley Etienne, the speaker’s communications director, said Ms. Pelosi was sensitive to Democrats in conservative districts who were most at risk if the impeachment backfired politically. “It was the front-liners who had a big impact on the speaker,” she said. “Their point from the beginning was: Get rid of Mueller, keep it simple. The strongest case was the Ukraine case.”

By keeping the charges narrowly focused, House leaders won the support of nearly every Democrat for impeachment in December. But they won no Republicans in the House and only one in the Senate, Mitt Romney of Utah. Critics have said Democrats mishandled the matter by focusing too narrowly on Ukraine, which did not resonate enough to create a popular groundswell that would convince Republican senators to remove Mr. Trump from office.

In his own recently published book, John R. Bolton, the president’s former national security adviser, confirmed that Mr. Trump directly linked his suspension of military aid for Ukraine to his demand for help tarnishing Democrats — testimony Democrats would have loved to have had. Mr. Bolton did not testify in the House because he said he wanted a judge to rule first on whether he should disobey a White House order to keep silent; he later offered to testify during the Senate trial but Republican senators blocked any witnesses.

Mr. Bolton, in his book, accused House Democrats of “impeachment malpractice” by limiting their inquiry to the Ukraine matter and moving too quickly for their own political reasons. He offered other examples of where the president in his view improperly subordinated foreign policy to his own political needs.

In his book, Mr. Eisen reports that House Democrats made a final attempt to get Mr. Bolton’s account before the senators during the last weekend of the trial by inviting him to submit a written affidavit. Mr. Bolton refused, Mr. Eisen writes, insisting he would appear only under Senate subpoena.

In the interview, Mr. Eisen said Mr. Bolton could have changed the dynamics of the trial had he agreed. “That could not only have blown open the door to Bolton testifying but other witnesses,” he said. “When he faults the House for not going broad, he’s faulting himself.”

question: Why did the House Judiciary Committee staff initially draw up 10 articles of impeachment against President Trump?

answer: They were alleging a wide range of high crimes and misdemeanors. Some of the charges included obstructing the Russia investigation and authorizing hush money for women to cover up sexual affairs.

question: Who is Mr.Eisen?

answer: Norman L. Eisen is a former White House official and ambassador who was working with House Democrats in the impeachment effort. In his new book he gives an inside account of the impeachment process.

question: Describe the "narrower case" and what makes it narrower.

answer: The narrower case was whittled down to Trump's interactions with Ukraine, according to Eisen's book.

question: What did Michael D. Cohen reveal, according to Eisen?

answer: He revealed that President Trump liked the idea of offering a $50 million penthouse to President Putin of Russia as part of a deal to build a Trump Tower in Moscow. Trump found the idea funny.

question: What countries are mentioned in this document?

answer: Russia, Ukraine, and America

question: How did Trump obstruct Mueller's investigation?

answer: That information can't be found in the document.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: At the time of the document, Norm Eisen, a lawyer working with the House Democrats in the effort to impeach President Trump, was releasing a book that gives an inside account of the impeachment effort. The document discusses some of the claims inside the book.


text:
WASHINGTON COUNTY is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 11,717.[1] Its county seat is Springfield.[2] The county is named for George Washington.[3]

Washington County was the first county formed in the Commonwealth of Kentucky when it reached statehood, and the sixteenth county formed.[4] The center of population of Kentucky is located in Washington County, in the city of Willisburg.[5]

The county is dry, meaning that the sale of alcohol is prohibited, but it contains the “wet” city of Springfield, where retail alcohol sales are allowed. This classifies the jurisdiction as a moist county. Three wineries operate in the county and are licensed separately to sell to the public.[6] Jacob Beam, founder of Jim Beam whiskey, sold his first barrel of whiskey in Washington County.[7]

History

Washington County was established in 1792 from land taken from Nelson County.[8] It was the first county created by the Commonwealth of Kentucky after its separation from Virginia.[9]

The Washington County Courthouse, completed in 1816, is the oldest courthouse still in use in Kentucky.[10] A significant county court record is the marriage bond of Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks, parents of President Abraham Lincoln.[11] The bond is dated June 10, 1806; it was written the day before the marriage in the small community of Beechland, on the Little Beech River. The marriage return was signed by Jesse Head, the Methodist preacher who performed the ceremony, and dates the marriage to June 12, 1806.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (1.3%) is water.[12]

Adjacent counties

-   Anderson County - northeast
-   Mercer County - east
-   Boyle County - east
-   Marion County - south
-   Nelson County - west

Demographics

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 10,916 people, 4,121 households, and 3,020 families residing in the county. The population density was . There were 4,542 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the county was 90.62% White, 7.51% Black or African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.61% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.60% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 4,121 households, out of which 33.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.50% were married couples living together, 10.00% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.70% were non-families. 24.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.03.

The age distribution was 25.30% under the age of 18, 8.80% from 18 to 24, 27.90% from 25 to 44, 23.10% from 45 to 64, and 15.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 96.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,136, and the median income for a family was $39,240. Males had a median income of $27,624 versus $21,593 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,722. About 10.30% of families and 13.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.40% of those under age 18 and 19.60% of those age 65 or over.

Education

The county is served by Washington County Schools, a district that contains five schools:[14]

-   North Washington Elementary School in Willisburg for grades PK, K-8 with 468 students
-   Washington County Elementary School in Springfield for grades PK, K-5 with 387 students
-   Care Academy, Inc. in Willisburg for grades 6–12 with 65 students
-   Washington County Middle School in Springfield for grades 6–8 with 206 students
-   Washington County High School in Springfield for grades 9–12 with 626 students

St. Catharine College (now closed) is located near Springfield.

Communities

-   Bear Wallow
-   Brush Grove
-   Fredericktown
-   Mackville
-   Manton
-   Pleasant Grove
-   Saint Catharine
-   Springfield (county seat)
-   Thompsonville
-   Willisburg

Politics

  Year                               Republican                                  Democratic                                  Third parties
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ---------------
  style=“text-align:center;” |2016   style=“text-align:center;” |71.2% _4,013_   style=“text-align:center;” |25.2% _1,420_   3.6% _203_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2012   style=“text-align:center;” |67.0% _3,495_   style=“text-align:center;” |32.0% _1,669_   1.1% _55_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2008   style=“text-align:center;” |62.7% _3,305_   style=“text-align:center;” |35.8% _1,890_   1.5% _80_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2004   style=“text-align:center;” |66.4% _3,479_   style=“text-align:center;” |32.9% _1,724_   0.6% _33_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2000   style=“text-align:center;” |66.4% _3,044_   style=“text-align:center;” |31.8% _1,458_   1.9% _86_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1996   style=“text-align:center;” |50.9% _2,116_   style=“text-align:center;” |39.4% _1,639_   9.8% _406_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1992   style=“text-align:center;” |44.7% _2,098_   style=“text-align:center;” |42.8% _2,008_   12.5% _589_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1988   style=“text-align:center;” |54.9% _2,445_   style=“text-align:center;” |43.8% _1,950_   1.3% _59_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1984   style=“text-align:center;” |60.2% _2,804_   style=“text-align:center;” |38.4% _1,786_   1.4% _65_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1980   style=“text-align:center;” |47.3% _2,008_   style=“text-align:center;” |50.5% _2,147_   2.2% _94_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1976   style=“text-align:center;” |41.7% _1,765_   style=“text-align:center;” |56.1% _2,376_   2.2% _94_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1972   style=“text-align:center;” |58.7% _2,378_   style=“text-align:center;” |38.3% _1,552_   3.0% _121_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1968   style=“text-align:center;” |46.4% _1,863_   style=“text-align:center;” |41.7% _1,675_   12.0% _481_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1964   style=“text-align:center;” |35.9% _1,561_   style=“text-align:center;” |64.1% _2,790_   0.0% _0_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1960   style=“text-align:center;” |52.4% _2,632_   style=“text-align:center;” |47.6% _2,391_   0.0% _0_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1956   style=“text-align:center;” |54.7% _2,536_   style=“text-align:center;” |44.9% _2,084_   0.4% _17_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1952   style=“text-align:center;” |51.9% _2,290_   style=“text-align:center;” |47.9% _2,114_   0.3% _11_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1948   style=“text-align:center;” |45.4% _1,813_   style=“text-align:center;” |53.2% _2,121_   1.4% _56_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1944   style=“text-align:center;” |50.6% _2,353_   style=“text-align:center;” |49.1% _2,283_   0.4% _18_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1940   style=“text-align:center;” |47.5% _2,362_   style=“text-align:center;” |52.5% _2,612_   0.0% _2_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1936   style=“text-align:center;” |48.4% _2,391_   style=“text-align:center;” |50.9% _2,516_   0.7% _36_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1932   style=“text-align:center;” |45.0% _2,340_   style=“text-align:center;” |54.6% _2,841_   0.4% _22_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1928   style=“text-align:center;” |56.4% _2,933_   style=“text-align:center;” |43.5% _2,266_   0.1% _5_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1924   style=“text-align:center;” |50.4% _2,286_   style=“text-align:center;” |49.3% _2,238_   0.3% _13_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1920   style=“text-align:center;” |52.6% _2,892_   style=“text-align:center;” |47.3% _2,600_   0.2% _10_
  style="text-align:center; |1916    style=“text-align:center;” |49.8% _1,654_   style=“text-align:center;” |49.8% _1,654_   0.5% _15_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1912   style=“text-align:center;” |41.5% _1,170_   style=“text-align:center;” |47.1% _1,329_   11.4% _322_

  : PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS RESULTS[15]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7] “Review: Jim Beam”, Alternative Whisky Academy

[8] Kentucky County Formation Chart, Kentucky Department for Libraries and Archives, accessed June 2018.

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

title: Washington County, Kentucky

question: Summarize everything relating to presidents.

answer: Washington County is named after George Washington. The parents of President Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks, were married in the Washington County Courthouse.

question: What does the article say about the county during the 2020s?


text:
It all began with a dream. A dream which appeared to be nothing out of the ordinary. Detective Rudy Queens was walking down a city street flooded with neon lights of gold and pink. Billboards advertised happiness for low prices and cars and motorbikes buzzed past, splashing his black trenchcoat with water from pools hidden in the darkness of night.

 While walking that humid night, he realized he could not feel his hands in his coat pockets nor his feet in his boots. All he felt was the wind blowing past me and the moisture of a hanging mist softly landing on his face. People quickly shuffled past on the sidewalk, a group of men in suits and ties stumbling home from not-too-distant bars joyously laughing over a day well worked, a young couple nervously walking to a high-class restaurant for their first date, a woman with green hair cut perfectly to frame her makeup-covered face bitterly striding home from an appointment with her lawyer. She smelled of oranges.

 These people came and went with the wind.
After about a quarter hour of walking, Queens saw a sign for “The Singing Buddha”. His hands, returning to existence for a moment, reach in his right pocket for a wallet only to find it missing. hearing the clicking of boot heels behind me, he turns to see a young woman striding towards him. She had long, curly black hair, deep brown eyes, and wore a pink T-shirt tucked into her high-waisted jeans beneath her short leather coat. “Hello, detective!” she yelled over the rushing cars "Wanna grab something to eat?"

 "I'm afraid that currently, Lil" he reached into his pocket once more “I am without funds”
"I know" she chuckled. She made the final few steps to where Queens stood. She turned towards the entrance for a few moments before turning to shake his hand.
She smiled sweetly as she walked forward and opened the door, "Come on in!"
As he walked through the glass double doors, an old woman stood behind the large red counter, counting change and expertly sorting it before placing it in the cash register. She looks up to Lil, disgruntled. She begins chastising Lil in Mandarin.

In an instant, they were seated at a table set with a white tablecloth, two cups of jasmine tea, and two red menus laced with golden rope. “The chow mein is pretty good here.” She smiled and looked around the sparsely populated room. A family of five sat at a round table meant to seat more while eating their meal in silence. At a small booth a woman leans towards her well-dressed lover, hanging onto his every word. an older gentleman sat alone at a small table against the wall across from the pair, silently reading a chinese newspaper and slowly drinking his third pot of tea.
Two men in pig masks sat and speak in a language unknown to the detective. The more he listened the more it sounded as though they were speaking something backwards. He  looked back at Lil, who was staring at the two men.

 Noticing his stare, Liling returned his gaze “So, I’m guessing this is the scene of the crime?” Queens asks, unfolding his napkin.

“Yes, detective” She sighed and frowned and looked back at the masked men “Those two are about to shoot my parents. I have no idea why.” She leaned forward “It really is a shame I couldn’t hear what they were saying.”

Queens set down his tea “What do the police have to say?” She sunk into the booth behind her

“Went cold a week after the crime. They said there was just no way they could solve it. All they know is that they were most likely professionals. Oh, here we go.” Without paying, the two men stood up, one man of smaller stature quickly walked through the curtains to the front waiting area, carrying a small pistol at his side, while the tall, broad shouldered man walked into the kitchen.

Lil flinched as the shots fired.

title: [MS] Rudy Queens: Memory Detective (chapter 1)

question: Summarize the main conflict.

answer: The main conflict comes towards the end of the story when Detective Rudy Queens and Lil sit down at the restaurant where her parents work. Queens ask Lil if the restaurant is the scene of the crime. It seems she has premonitions, as she says that the two masked men are about to shoot her parents. She's not sure why, however. Queens ask her if the police have anything, but she says the crime goes cold a week after the crime. They then watch the two men go into two separate areas of the restaurant and hear shots being fired.

question: What does the text say about Queens and Lil's relationship?

answer: Rudy Queens is a detective. It's not clear what job Lil has, but she seems to be a helpful companion of Queen's. She takes him to the restaurant where her parents work, and it seems there's already knowledge that Lil has told him of an upcoming crime. It also seems that Lil has premonitions as she tells Queens that the crime will take place at the restaurant where two masked men will kill her parents. Queens also asks her what the status of the police investigation will look like.

question: Summarize the setting of the restaurant.

answer: The restaurant is called "The Singing Buddha", and it seems to be owned by Lil's parents. The restaurant has glass double doors and an old woman behind a red counter who appears to be Lil's mother. Queens and Lil are sat at a table with white table cloths, and jasmine tea is served. Lil says the chow mein is pretty good, which infers that this is a Chinese restaurant. The patrons are a family of five, a woman and her lover, an older man sitting alone, and two men in pig masks.

question: Summarize how Lil and Queens save Lil's parents.