text:
When I read of the Cam Newton pay-for-play allegations, it's hard for me not to feel the ghosts of Albert Means lurking somewhere in the shadows. Now, from the outset, I'm not going to declare that all of the allegations made so far are true, or that all of the reasonable inferences that can be made from the current allegations are also true, but I do think it's fair to say that if the allegations regarding Newton are true, for better or for worse, the only real comparison can be the Albert Means scandal.

Having said that, I do think it is at least somewhat instructive to look back on the Means scandal all these years later and take a second pass at what all occurred and what all that scandal revealed about the inner workings of big-time college football. With that in mind, let's go back to the SEC of about ten years ago.

Now, from the outset, the Albert Means scandal probably needs no real introduction on an Alabama blog, but just to discuss this in its entirely let's hit the basic overview of what happened. In its most basic form, Alabama booster Logan Young paid a six-figure sum to Lynn Lang, the head coach of Albert Means, to steer his star recruit to Tuscaloosa, with Lang intending to split the money he received from Young with his assistant Milton Kirk. As it came to pass, though, Lang cut Kirk off from the money flow, eventually inducing Kirk to spill the beans first to the NCAA and later the Memphis _Commercial Appeal_. Despite a great deal of investigation by various federal and state agencies, no great amount of hard evidence surfaced to support the allegations, but nevertheless Alabama was hammered by the NCAA and Young was later convicted based almost entirely on the allegations made by Lang and Kirk.

But if you are going to legitimately believe what Lang and Kirk had to say, there were actually a lot of violations made by a lot of schools that ultimately did not win the Means sweepstakes, and years later a civil lawsuit revealed even more than most could have ever imagined.

Start with the official visits, which were not free. It was apparently pay-for-play even for the right of wining-and-dining Means on your campus. Milton Kirk did not mince words in the aftermath, if there was no money fronted, there was no visit, period. Three of Means' five allotted visits were made -- to Alabama, Kentucky, and Georgia -- and the visits required payment of 4,000 to 6,000 dollars. Those payments were made, allegedly by Logan Young ('Bama), Bill Harper (Georgia), and an unidentified booster (Kentucky).

And that was just over official visits. For his actual signature, the bidding went higher and higher.

Georgia made their way into the mix, allegedly with the aforementioned Bill Harper, a Georgia booster from Memphis. Harper inevitably denied the allegations, claiming he was a small-time businessman with no money, but he did admit that he had lunch in Memphis with Lang and Georgia assistant coach Leon Perry -- the coach who recruited Means for Georgia -- to discuss the recruitmentof Means. Moreover, Lang also alleged that Georgia head coach Jim Donnan gave him 700 dollars to work a camp in Athens. According to Lang, Donnan tried to round up the money for Means' signature until the closing minutes before he ultimately signed on the dotted line, and that Donnan talked to him by phone several times in the final week before National Signing Day.

Kentucky entered the battle largely with the help of recruiting coordinator Claude Bassett. He arranged a meeting with Lang and Kirk in a Lexington hotel before a Kentucky basketball game where an unidentified Kentucky booster gave him an envelope with 6,000 dollars enclosed in it to pay for the official visit. After that exchange, Kentucky continued to bid for Means' signature, and another 1,000 dollars was given to Lang for working a camp. In the end, Lang said Bassett continued to try to round up money for Means' signature until Kentucky landed Dewayne Robertson from nearby Melrose High -- a future top five NFL Draft pick in his own right -- at which point he pulled out of the bidding war for Means. Not coincidentally, Bassett was later fired after, among other things, he admitted to sending 1,400 dollars to Melrose head coach Tim Thompson.

And, if you believe the tale that Lynn Lang ultimately told, not only was Ole Miss in on the bidding, they were the ones who actually started the whole damn thing, planting the seeds of hope in Lang's mind that indeed he could formulate a pay-for-play scheme. It was Ole Miss assistant coach Kurt Roper -- who, after a three-year stint in Knoxville working under Phil Fulmer, was new to the scene after the Rebels hired David Cutcliffe in the wake of Tommy Tuberville leaving for Auburn -- that tracked down Lang and wanted to know precisely what it would take _financially_ to get Means to sign:

  "He [Kurt Roper] said, 'Coach, I need to know exactly what it's going to take financially to get Means so that I can take it back to my people. I just told him a house and two cars, and he said that wouldn't be a problem.

  Lang talked to each of the [Ole Miss] coaches when that day was done. All of them, he said, indicated that they'd be willing to do "whatever it takes" to get Means.

Arkansas was also firmly in the mix. Arkansas assistant coaches Fitz Hill and Danny Nutt -- brother of head coach Houston Nutt -- recruited Means, and together they met with Lang at his Memphis apartment, where Lang informed them that the price tag was 200,000 dollars. Lang later claimed that Fitz offered him a job as defensive line coach for the Razorbacks and that he would place 80,000 dollars in cash in a bag and leave it for Lang under a bridge at an unspecified location. Later in an interview with NCAA investigator Richard Johanningmeier, Hill essentially confirmed the allegations, and admitted that he told Lang that "Arkansas did not have a problem with the request." The involvement by Arkansas in the bidding war is even more hypocritical in light of the fact that Judge Steve Wilson -- the judge who presided over _Cottrell v. NCAA_ -- detailed in his book that it was not Tennessee, but Arkansas that originally turned Alabama in for allegedly paying for Albert Means.

Lang also alleged that Memphis, the home city school, eventually got in on the bidding as well, though it seems their limited budget reduced the amount of their bid. Lang claimed that Memphis head coach Rip Scherer himself directly offered free law school tuition for Lang's wife at the University of Memphis School of Law.

Meanwhile, in Knoxville, Phil Fulmer had been busy sending out memo after memo to SEC commissioner Roy Kramer, blaming Alabama for damn near everything from the crucifixion of Christ to the Holocaust. He bemoaned the supposed cheating ways of Bear Bryant, the influence of Logan Young on Memphis-area recruits, and made allegations that Alabama practically bought every player imaginable. He also claimed some off-the-wall things, like that Tennessee booster Roy Adams was a "queer," and that then-Ole Miss coach Tommy Tuberville looked the other way on the pay-for-play violations because he wanted the Alabama job:

  "Roy Adams is a queer who associates with anyone who will hang around him from any school anywhere. He has been disassociated from any contact with our program for the whole time I've been the head coach and well before that."

  "He [Tommy Tuberville] won't talk about Logan because he wants the Alabama job. Logan likes Tommy and will let Tommy "keep a few."

For a concrete example, here is the infamous "FOR YOUR EYES ONLY!!!" memo he sent to Kramer on May 20th, 1998, where he alleges, among other things, that Logan Young bought Freddie Milons, Kendall Moorehead, and Eric Locke, and speculating that Young was buying David Payne and Santonio Beard:

[Foryoureyesonly_medium]

In the end, despite being an early participant in the pay-for-play negotiations, Tennessee did not recruit Means, and we later found out why. Early in the recruiting process, Tennessee assistant coach Pat Washington -- who was the starting quarterback for Auburn in the mid-1980's, including during the 1985 Iron Bowl -- recruited Means for the Volunteers, and Lynn Lang sensed his desperation. Early on, anyway, with Washington making the early offers, Tennessee was in the bidding process as well.

  "He told me his job was on the line and that he needed Means because he had lost David Paine and Kindal Moorehead to Alabama. The first amount he talked about was $50,000, and then $75,000. But this was about the same time they had all that academic stuff [the Linda Bensel-Meyers allegations] going on, so I think he got cold feet."

With that, Tennessee backed away and did not actively recruit Means. But they didn't just fade away, they blew the whistle on Lang.

And what about the SEC? What if I told you that they knew about the whole thing all along? Well, believe it or not, they did.

The SEC, in fact, had actually been conducting their own investigation of Logan Young for quite some time. As evidenced by a June 23rd, 1998 memo from SEC investigator Bill Sievers, a former FBI agent, to Roy Kramer, Sievers had begun actively investigating Logan Young and keeping Kramer up-to-date on his findings, and also hired a private investigator -- Ed Bradberry -- to assist him in the investigation. Among other things, Kramer wanted to know whether or not Young was using casinos to funnel money to prospective recruits (sound familiar?). In the course of his investigation, Sievers gave Bradberry the task of, among other things, going through Young's garbage outside his home, getting a security contact at the Horseshoe Casino in Tunica (where Young was known to frequent), following Young to his hangouts and overhearing conversations, and obtaining the copy of an incident report relating to the arrest of Young's son.

The following year, on July 26th, 1999, more than six full months before National Signing Day, Sievers informed Kramer in the following memo that, per the information provided to him by Pat Washington, Lynn Lang was attempting to sell Albert Means in a pay-for-play scheme.

[Doc3_p01_medium]

Armed with this knowledge, did the SEC inform Alabama, and presumably other SEC schools? No. Instead, as per the memo, the SEC strategy was to have Washington continue recruiting Means and then possibly at a later date have Washington record his conversations with Lang so that he may be prosecuted for extortion and bribery:

  "Coach Lang's actions amount to soliciting a bribe and extortion. We have the opportunity to have Washington tape record his conversations and have law enforcement authorities prosecute Lang. While this may sound harsh, I believe it will put a stop to high school coaches soliciting money from SEC coaches and send a strong message to others."

Anybody up for one of those, "SEC! SEC! SEC!" chants right about now?

And, in the end, even Albert Means himself turned out not to be the innocent prey that was long claimed. He was portrayed throughout the entire NCAA investigation, as well as the Logan Young trial, as a victim, an otherwise oblivious kid who had known nothing but poverty while the man he trusted the most betrayed him and sold him by the pound to the highest bidder in a modern day slave market while he and his family struggled to merely survive on the tough streets of Memphis. The story that his mother was making minimum wage while supporting a family of six with no knowledge whatsoever of the pay-for-play scheme was told time and again. As it turned out, however, Means was just as crooked as anyone else involved in this circus. Years later he testified and confirmed that he never took the ACT, and that Lang arranged for another student to take it for him, thus paving the way for him to qualify academically when in all honesty he should have likely never been allowed to set foot on an SEC campus. Finally, after Logan Young had been convicted by a jury, but before his sentencing, Lynn Lang came out and admitted that he had given Means and his family approximately 60,000 dollars in his final two years of high school. When later asked by the _Commercial Appea__l_ whether or not he actually received any money, Means refused to deny it, and uttered the following mind-numbing statement before hanging up the telephone:

  "Is a tomato a fruit or a vegetable? I don't know."

Years later when all of the dust had settled, Cecil Hurt said it best:

  "This was no crusade. There seems to have been no real victims and far more perpetrators than the NCAA was willing to prosecute."

The point of all of this is that, much like the Albert Means scandal, there is probably a hell of a lot more going on than what initially meets the eye with the Cam Newton saga. It's rarely as simple as school _x_ payed player _y_ amount _z_. Or, as the allegations of this case dictate to this point, father _x_ solicited school _y_ for the signature of player _z_. It did not seem that way at first with Means, and some may think it does not seem that way with Newton now, but when the dust settles that will likely prove to be as true regarding Newton as it did with Means.

And I'm no grand conspiracy theorist, mind you. There are no black helicopters circling outside your house, nor did the gub'ment put fluoride in the water to control all of our minds. But it doesn't take a conspiracy theorist to see how that beneath those endless SEC chants are twelve member institutions whose interests are often divergent, who are constantly competing with one another tooth and nail for the tiniest bit competitive advantage -- never kid yourself, football is a zero-sum game, I can only win if you lose -- and that the SEC office itself can have an agenda of its own and does not always live up to its self-proclaimed purpose of assisting its member institutions in the maintenance of their athletics programs.

For the Cam Newton saga, what really happened and what is really transpiring within the SEC and its member institutions? No one can say that with any degree of certainty at the moment, and on some level we may never know. Had it not been for two high school coaches talking to everyone who would listen and Tommy Gallion filing a civil lawsuit, we would have never found out all that we know about the Albert Means scandal, and it will probably take an inside source who played a key role in the Newton recruitment to come out publicly with that same kind of zeal for us to find out what really drove Cam Newton to sign with Auburn. Having established that, though, if history is any guide, what is going on behind the scenes of the Cam Newton saga, past and present, probably is not nearly as simple and straightforward as many would lead you to believe.

question: Summarize the Albert Means scandal.

answer: Albert Means was an American Football player with high prospects in high school. Many teams wanted to sign him, and they were willing to pay him, his coach, and many more people to make it happen. Means' high school coach, Lynn Lang, took money from Alabama booster Logan Young, Georgia's Bill Harper, and an unidentified booster from Kentucky, to arrange visits for talks. Albert Means was offered $60K in his last two years of high school to play, and another student was arranged to take the ACT in his place so that he qualified academically for college football. The payments discussed for his signature from different clubs were a house and two cars (Ole Miss), $200K (Arkansas), and the like. SEC was aware of Young, but they didn't intervene to gather more evidence and opt for a harsher judicial result to dissuade similar pay-for-play schemes in the future. In the end, Young reneged on his promise to share the bribe from Alabama for Means' transfer with his assistant coach Milton Kirk. Kirk spilled the beans on the affair to many people, and Alabama and Young were indicted.

question: What does the article say about the necessity of abolishing no pay for college football?


split: test

text:
There is a sleeper food trend afoot; one that is more popular than probiotics, collagen and gluten-free. Any guesses?

Introducing: cannabidiol, or, CBD, a non-psychoactive chemical compound found within hemp. Yes, yes, hemp, as in cannabis. There are over 100 cannabinoids — or, chemical compounds — in the cannabis plant, and you’re likely familiar with the most famous of them: THC. But unlike THC, CBD won’t get you high.

“Hemp plants have a propensity to produce primarily CBD, whereas marijuana has a propensity to produce THC,” explains Russell Stebbins, founder of the industrial hemp extract company OLEO. These differences are due to genetic variations as well as environment and cultivation strategy, he says. Comparing the two plants, claims Stebbins, is “like comparing a house cat to a lion.”

 In 2017, U.S. hemp-derived CBD sales totaled $190 million, up from $129 million in 2016.  According to _Hemp Business Journal_, these numbers will reach $450 million in 2020 and surpass $645 million by 2022. CBD made its debut on the U.S. market in oil form, stocking up the supplement shelves of natural food stores. Then, it was picked up by the beauty industry and now appears in items such as eye serum, face cream, body oil and lip balm, claiming to soothe dry skin, relieve puffiness, and treat acne, among other fixes.

Google Trends results for search terms "probiotics" "gluten free" "collagen" and "CBD"

Data from Google Trends

 This year, CBD is entering the food industry in full force. If you happen to stay at the Standard Hotel in Los Angeles, New York, or Miami Beach, your mini bar will be stocked with CBD gummies made by L.A. cannabis company, Lord Jones. The compound is also being added to chocolate bars like Kiva — infused with 100 milligrams each of CBD and THC — and Leif Goods' fair trade peanut butter and jelly chocolate CBD bar.

This summer, functional beverage company Dirty Lemon released +cbd, a shelf-stable drink containing 20 milligrams of CBD mixed with pure hemp oil and a wellness punch of pineapple, blood orange, and tangerine juices, among other ingredients. "The product has already been incredibly popular and is already waitlisted following a pre-order rush from loyal fans but can be purchased again from today," a representative of the brand informed me.

A CBD takeover of the beer aisle is also anticipated. Recently, Coalition Brewing Co. announced the release of the first commercially produced cannabidiol infused beer in Oregon, titled “Two Flowers” — a nod to hops and cannabis buds. “The bitter grassiness augments the hop bitterness, while the citrusy terpenes in the CBD mirror the aromatics and hop flavors,” the brewery notes of the novel product.

Quickly, CBD is gaining diversified ground. “We sell CBD to one manufacturer that’s in distribution to all of the Equinox gyms now,” Stillwater Brands CEO Justin Singer tells _Food Dive_. Stillwater creates powdered teas and coffee that contain THC and CBD and recently launched a new supply arm of the company. “Natural foods grocers and coffee shops are also becoming interested.”

OLEO has seen the same broad enthusiasm for CBD. “We have made tablets, gummies, granola bars, flavored powders, gums, taffies, spray, protein powders, macaroni and cheese,” says Stebbins, all with their powdered CBD.

 So what does CBD actually do? That is still, in many ways, to be determined. Several studies have validated the efficacy of CBD in treating some forms of epilepsy and schizophrenia, as well as its ability to alleviate joint pain. But those are the not the most common symptoms you see listed on items boasting CBD. Instead, the compound is often pitched as an elixir for stress, insomnia, anxiety, and more.

Stebbins describes CBD as a natural alternative to Aspirin, useful for anything from a hangover to arthritic pain. As for the claims of relieving stress and anxiety? Stebbins says: “CBD helps to lower cortisol levels which can help to reduce the stress and anxiety a person may be experiencing.” But, when examining the latest studies, these claims are yet to be fully borne out.

“I need to learn more about it,” Dr. Ken Redcross, a concierge physician, confided. “There’s a lot of anecdotal evidence out there, but I’m trying to thresh that all out myself. I’m exercising caution until we can see the benefits, clinically.” But Dr. Redcross is clear: “It’s always nice to have a new pathway to pain management,” so if the studies become convincing, he doesn’t see a reason to shun CBD simply because of its illicit cousin.

Yet, the lack of verified indications is not the only hurdle facing CBD — the other is regulatory. Though now widely available, CBD is still classified as a Schedule I drug. During a session titled “The (Fuzzy?) Future of Hemp and CBD” held at this year’s Nutrition Business Journal (NBJ) 2018 Summit in California, panelists claimed that as long as CBD is derived from hemp, and not marijuana, you’re in the clear. But a closer look at the current laws clarifies that this isn’t true, depending on in which state you reside.

This uncertainty is keeping many businesses on the sidelines. After the hemp-themed session, online polling questions were posed to the NBJ Summit audience. One question asked: “How big of an opportunity are hemp and CBD products for the industry?” Nearly three-fourths of the nutrition and supplement industry respondents chose: “a significant long term opportunity.” Yet, when asked, “After hearing this panel, how comfortable are you operating within the ‘CBD space’?” forty percent of respondents claimed it is “too soon,” while just over a quarter said they feel “very comfortable.”

Still, many in the food industry are betting not just on the national legalization of hemp (which is a part of the pending 2018 Farm Bill), but of marijuana in general.

Keith Villa, former head brewmaster of Blue Moon Brewing Company, recently launched a new cannabis-infused nonalcoholic craft beverage company called Ceria Beverages. Ceria extracts the alcohol from beer and infuses the product with one to fifteen milligrams of THC. The brews are expected to launch with three options: light, regular and full-bodied. But Ceria is not alone in this endeavor. Last year, Constellation Brands, an international producer and marketer of beer, wine and spirits, acquired a 9.9 percent minority stake in Canopy Growth Corporation, a Canadian marijuana company, for the sum of $191 million, with the intention of developing cannabis-infused beverages.

Alto, cannabis-infused culinary salt, oil, and honey.

Courtesy of Alto

The tactic of micro-dosing is also behind Alto, a brand new line of THC-infused high-end cooking oil, honey, and salt. “Alto is an entirely new category of cannabis products: nutritious and delicious basics, dosed moderately for endless diverse applications,” says Alto founder and chef, Jonah Reider. Every box of Alto delivers ten small packets of a sustainably-sourced, chef-approved ingredient, each containing 5 milligrams of THC. “Unlike most edibles,” explains Reider, “each of these small doses is individually packaged and shelf stable on its own. I carry an Alto packet of finishing salt in my wallet all the time. We’re thinking of an Alto packet as the cannabis equivalent to a great glass of wine!”

Alto’s initial launch is contained to the state of Oregon, but the brand intends to expand to additional states, and a CBD-only line is in the works, which will eventually be available for online purchase, from anywhere.

Now in its infancy, it's easy to see the varied applications companies may find for CBD. On April 20th of this year, several New York foodie haunts showcased some of the possibilities: CBD brownies at By Chloe, CBD-ghee at Inday, and CBD oil drizzled hot fudge sundaes at Van Leeuwen.

One thing is for sure: We should all pay attention as this green industry evolves.

_A bit confused about the differences between cannabis, cannabidiol, and cannabinoid? I've put together a simple glossary of all the lingo associated with CBD. _

Your Glossary Guide to Cannabis

Created by Eve Turow Paul

question: What is CBD?

answer: Cannabidiol, or CBD< is a non-psychoactive chemical compound found within hemp.

question: Who was the first commercial producer of CBD infused beer in Oregon?

answer: Coalition Brewing Co.

question: Is CBD legal?

answer: The legality of CBD varies between states, and is not clear in all cases.

question: What are the effects of CBD?

answer: Some studies seem to indicate that CBD can help in the treatment of epilepsy, schizophrenia, and joint pain.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article documents the rising popularity of CBD in the food industry.


text:
(This story is entirely fictional. Thank you for reading)

Six months had passed since my mother’s suicide. I just turned sixteen and was still unstable emotionally. Every pompous dyke at my high school made sure to tell if I needed anything to just ask and to feel free to express my feelings to them. The only thing I wanted was my mother back but since that wasn’t an option, instead I wanted everyone to just shut the fuck up. My father drank himself into the emergency room twice now and has refused to join AA. He lost his license, but luckily I have my learner’s permit and can chauffer him around so he can still get a daily fix. I loathe him. He thinks he’s the only one suffering and makes sure to express his frustration as often as possible by using his fists on walls and his throat with alcohol. Tonight marks six months to the day she pulled the trigger and my father made sure to extend his streak of drunken escapades.
It wasn’t until he threw his mug across the kitchen after I told him that mom wouldn’t have let this happen. After the final piece of glass struck the floor, I stopped cringing and opened my eyes, ready to ‘express my feelings’.
“You think you’re the only person whose life changed? You think you’re the only one who wakes up every morning asking ‘Why Me’?”
I was horrified but it was all just coming out of me. My distress, rage, loneliness, disgust, everything; I was terrified this day would come. I never knew when it would happen but I did know it was going to change everything, and with life as fucked up as it is now, how could it get any worse? I was standing in the living room near the family portrait hanging on the wall and he was sitting and the kitchen table. He stood up.
“Who do you think you are? What makes you think you can talk to me like that!?”
“I’m not a child any more, why can’t you accept that!?”
“Because you ARE a child, you don’t know how the real world works.”
“Just because I don’t have a fucking job and own a piece of shit house that you audaciously call a ‘home’ that doesn’t mean I don’t know what the FUCK I’m talking about.”
This was the first time I said ‘fuck’ in front of my father, and I tensed up a little bit before it came off my tongue, but there was no going back. We were standing off, me on the carpet and him on the linoleum. This was it, I was letting it go. I was so livid I wanted everything I loved and hated in the world around me to explode and crumble leaving nothing behind but ash and screams. Every day I did the same thing and made no improvement on myself or others, why was I even trying? I was a walking corpse. I didn’t feel like anything was real; all these people were drones dressed up as a lie and every smile I saw cut me deeper than any knife. “Fucking liars”, I thought.
“What the fuck did you just say to me?”
I felt a bit of pride when he said this; I got him off his balance. Maybe he would realize he wasn’t talking to a sixteen year old girl anymore. This was it, I was a woman; a ferocious one at that. I felt powerful. Could this be it? I’ll show him.
“You heard me.” I said calmly, “I know exactly what this ‘real world’ is so don’t disguise it as this anomaly that I’ll never understand.”
He took a step closer but kept his distance. “You may understand it someday, but that’s not today (name). So don’t FUCKING act like you know everything and that you’re entitled to say this shit.” He closed his left fist tightly and stuck out his index finger at me. “YOU have no respect for others so you don’t deserve it in return, you callous whore!”
I always thought it was humorous when he called me a whore, he thought it made me angry. Being called a whore by your dad in your house is different than being called one in school by the cheering squad, so I didn’t care. Just because he stormed in at the wrong time and caught me pulling down Jared’s pants when I entered that lonely period last month, it didn’t mean I was a whore. Bastard. Am I really a whore? No, no definitely not. But maybe him thinking I was a whore would piss him off. Here goes nothing.
“You’re right, I’m such a whore. That night when you came home and went straight to bed without making me dinner, I called Jared and Hector over and I jerked off Jared while taking it up the ass from Hector. That’s why your favorite pair of socks went missing from the porch that one time. I made them each finish into them and I told them to take ‘em home.” That wasn’t true at all, I actually made myself mac & cheese and was watching Risky Business on TV. I wanted to try sliding across the floor because I hadn’t since I was probably nine years old. Since I wasn’t wearing socks and didn’t want to go upstairs to get my own because I was afraid I would wake him up, I used his favorite pair of Fruit Of The Loom Heavy Duty Crew Work socks that he puts next to his work boots every night.
On my third slide I hit an edge of linoleum that was sticking up and ripped the first sock wide open and dragged the second one just enough so the thread pulled straight off the center and almost decapitated the light brown section near the toes. I panicked because when I shrunk his first pair in the dryer he almost tore my bedroom door off its hinges. I ran across the street and threw them in my neighbor’s trash can. I figured he would know I did something if I didn’t do something with his boots so I put them outside on the porch. In the morning he asked where his boots were and I said I put them outside because they smelled. We both assumed his socks were taken by a raccoon or something. He had to buy a new pair of boots because upon finding out he chucked that pair off the porch, and I think a raccoon really did take those.
Now gritting his teeth, he spoke under his breath: “Cunt”. Yep, I heard it, he didn’t think I did, but I did. He was surely pissed now, so I knew I had him.
“Yeah, just your little whore daughter, right? I do stuff like that because I wasn’t brought up right. And because I miss her. If she were still her she would have continuing raising me right!”
“I’m doing the best I can so I’m sorry I’m not perfect! I miss her too but she was suffering and fixed her fucking problem so why can’t you do the same and learn to fix yours.”
I truly thought he just told me to kill myself. Sometimes I wonder if he truly did or not, but it sure sounded like it.
“You know what, fuck you. She killed herself to get away from you, you were too unbearable to be around and instead of her killing you, she wanted you to live alone and miserable. You were the one that fucking killed her!”
I stopped. He stopped. Everything paused for a second. Nothingness…
It took me only a split second to realize what I said, and it hurt me inside. That’s when I knew I was still alive, because I felt that regret immediately. And he knew it too. His expression went from pure anger to relinquished horror. He looked right at me. Right after I said it the wrinkles around my eyes went away, my eyebrows slowly lifted and my lips closed shut. My expression was dead. It was like I was a robot and my programmer just flipped the OFF switch and I went back to my neutral state. I held myself steady. I didn’t blink because if I did I knew a tear would follow. In that moment, I knew I hurt him, and he knew I knew I hurt him. I have no recollection of how much time passed in that moment; it was either a few seconds or a few minutes. I never forgot his expression and he never forgot mine. I would have done anything to take it back, anything.
The mixture of emotions displayed in his expression caused my vision to haze. He was hurt, embarrassed, ashamed, and worst of all, livid. He stood very still, arms at his side but not touching his torso. His shoulders appeared broader and his stance was spread. He looked like someone standing on train tracks and having a freight train that was rapidly approaching him, physically preparing to dive at the last second. Out of the corner of my eye I saw the middle finger on his right hand twitch, and I couldn’t breathe. I was frozen, eyes still wide. I never feared him more than in this moment, and it lasted for an eternity.
He blinked, and then took a slight inhale. I thought he knew what he was going to do next but didn’t know how he could live with himself if he did it. I was mentally bracing myself for the end. When you’re staring down a lion, your only option is to be the prey. The ambiance was so silent I could hear the wind blowing against the siding on the house. I would have done anything to get away from this moment, but I couldn’t move. I was terrified I couldn’t get away.
His shoulders released all tension and his arms relaxed. Then it happened. He shivered out one final exhale before he turned and walked out of the room.
My eyes didn’t follow him; they remained fixed to where his eyes were two seconds earlier. It wasn’t until he was out of my peripheral that I felt my knees give and I fell to the ground. I reached out for anything to prevent my inevitable plummet and managed to brace the wall as I choked out the breath that I was holding. I cried. I cried profusely; as hard as I did when he held me six months earlier and told me she was gone. If I had to imagine what having an asthma attack was like, this moment would be my reference.
Minutes passed. I was on the ground in the small corner of wall that connects the kitchen and living room together. My hand was reaching over to the cold floor feeling the spot where my tears had fallen. My snot rag of a shirt was now wrinkled near the collar. I struggled to pull myself together. I someone figured out how to work my legs again and got to my feet. I put shoes on as quickly as I could and ran outside.
I didn’t stop running. I didn’t look back. If I could do it all over again I would. Even if I could just have stayed, that would be enough. But I didn’t. And I never spoke to my father again.

title: The Last Day - An emotional and disturbing change of a teenager's final encounter

question: What was the source of tension between the narrator and her father?

answer: The narrator's mother had committed suicide when then narrator was just 16 years old. Consequently, the narrator's father became an alcoholic and was verbally abusive. During a verbal exchange, the narrator grabbed her shoes and ran away, never speaking to her father again.


text:
POUYA RAHMANI (, born July 27, 1992 in Amol) is an Iranian wrestler who competes in Beach wrestling field.

Pouya Rahmani is the FIRST GOLD MEDALIST IN IRAN'S SPORT HISTORY at the World Beach Games, won a gold medal at the 2019 World Beach Games in Doha.[1][2][3][4] In less than four hours, he defeated six opponents, who led the admiration of Nenad Lalović, chairman of the United World Wrestling.[5]

Major Achievement

World Beach Games

-   2017: [GOLD_MEDAL_WITH_CUP.SVG] Dalyan, Turkey

Pouya Rahmani defeated his opponent at final +90 kg and earned gold medal.[6][7]

World Beach Wrestling Championships

-   2019: [GOLD_MEDAL_WITH_CUP.SVG] Doha, Qatar

At the 90+ Kg competition of the beach wrestling, in Group A, Rahmani was able to pass over Ufuk Yilmaz of Turkey 3-0. In next battle, he defeated Jose Albino of Brazil 4-0. In the third fight, he defeated Diante Cooper of US 3-0 and then Ionnis Kargiotakis of Greece 3-1 and as first one advanced to semi-final.

Rahmani at the semi final, passed over of Oyan Nazariani of Armenia 3-0 and went to final. At the final stage, again, he defeated Yilmaz of Turkey 3-0 and brought the first gold medal in the Iranian convoy.[8]

[1]

[2]  English.news.cn|last=张涵|website=www.xinhuanet.com|access-date=2020-01-05}}

[3]

[4]

[5]  کشتی های رحمانی تحسین لالوویچ را برانگیخت|date=2019-10-15|website=خبرگزاری فارس|access-date=2020-01-05}}

[6]  اخبار ایران و جهان {{!}} Mehr News Agency|language=fa|access-date=2020-01-06}}

[7]

[8]

title: Pouya Rahmani

question: Where did Rahmani win the gold medal?

answer: He won the gold medal at the 2019 World Beach Games in Doha.

question: How many opponents did he face in Doha?

answer: Rahmani defeated six opponents in the game.

question: Who did he defeat first at the beach wrestling?

answer: Rahmani defeated Ufuk Yilmaz of Turkey.

question: Who did he defeat in the finals?

answer: In the finals, he defeated Yilmaz of Turkey 3-0.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Pouya Rahmani is an Iranian wrestler. He competed at the World Beach Games in Doha and won his first gold medal. He defeated six opponents in less than four hours.


text:
 The Goomba's

This will be the year, I just know it. Sparky said this with the same enthusiasm he always did. I’ve got a feeling something great is right around the corner. You know that feeling, don't you Squirt? I don’t really feel much of anything replied his oversized, and slightly overweight friend. Yes, that is exactly it. I don’t feel much of anything right now either, which means…”Something big is coming”

The two continued walking down the brisk street of downtown New York, breathing in the cold winter air. Their innocuous voices repenting clouds of either hot air or cigar smoke. The sky was clear, and the streets were surprisingly dull. It was as if everyone had forgotten that it was the middle of the workweek. Maybe everyone had forgotten to set their alarms?

To Sparky and Squirt it never mattered what day it was. They were the employless types. They made their money through wit and street smarts. They could locate a deal or a "steal" through conversation and prying. They operated within the confines of their environment, much of which was considered illegal. They were taught these lessons at the Liquor store on the corner Weptsworth through life experiences.

Sparky was the lead man of their crew, and Squirt, well Squirt was the muscle. Together they made up quite the dynamic duo, and always felt that they were certainly due for their big break. The rest of their crew of goomba’s acted in similar fashion, just different industries. Collectively they were the suma cum laude of their block. With this came much responsibility for mischief.

“Hey Sparky, would ya look over there.” Both men peered across the street to see the peachy face of non other than Violet. Violet Verona was the daughter of Vincent Verona, tailor and father of 5 of the meanest Italian boys you’d ever met. 3 of which were in jail, 2 on their way up the high road of the mafia. With this came a lot of turmoil for the Verona family. Violet had left 2 summers earlier, and now seemed to be back in the swing of things.

She was dressed in large picot, covering all but the bottom half of her calves. Even in such a cape, anyone with a pencil in their front pocket could make good knowing the surprises sheathed underneath. “Well would ya look at that. Good eye Squirt, looks like Violet is back in the city. Man does she look class”

In awe the two men watched as she flipped the closed sign around, signifying to passerby’s that her fathers store was indeed open. Butterfly’s fluttering in their hearts the two gazed like chimpanzee's with their arms hanging low to their kneecaps, chin hunched over their chests. A gust of wind brought Sparky out of his gaze as their cigar ashes flew upwards burning they're perverting eyes.

Sparky, flinched brushing the black soot from his face, while Squirt lay fixated on Violet and the coffin like garment she wore. Underneath that coat lay weapons that could kill the will of the most confident of men. The two of them would happily lie dead in her trap if given the opportunity.

With exuberance Sparky bellowed out his signature cuckoo cuckoo call across the street. This was a playful thing he would do when growing up and was authentic to only him. To most who knew him, they found this sound amusing, while to others it sounded like that of a duck moaning in morning. Turning her head slowly Violet looked over her shoulder, meeting their gaze. She delivered an ingenious smile with a subtle wave.

In unison the two shmucks waved back to Violet giving her their hearts with a stair. “Violet’s back in town Squirt, things are looking up.” As the two crossed the uneasy streets of New York they approached Mr. Verona’s store with the precariousness you’d expect from two hoodlums in the neighborhood. As their crew motto stood, Goomba's were “always up to something, and never settled for nothing.”

title: [MF] The Goomba's

question: What does the story say about Squirt?

answer: Squirt is a member of the Goomba's, a group that gets by through grifting. Squirt is the group's muscle, forming a dynamic duo with Sparky, who is the leader of their group. Walking through the streets one day, they notice Violet Verona, the beautiful daughter of a family with very strong mafia ties. Both men are affected by Violet's charms and make themselves known after she opens her father's store. She acknowledges them, and the duo goes to the store to talk to her.

question: What does the story say about Tommy Archleone?


text:
My name is Khnum.  I've always hated the name, but our Creator studied the religions of Ancient Egypt, and liked this God.  The original Khnum is one of the creator gods of Egypt.  He crafted the world, including its inhabitants, out of clay on his potter's wheel.  I think our Creator always knew what would come of us. The name just feels... fitting, now.

The date is December 21, 2212.  It has been 200 years since I was created.  The Earth was a different place back then.  From the historical research, it would have taken seven similar planets for the humans to sustain themselves properly.  Now, they are sustaining just fine with the one planet they were given.

They say the date of my creation was no coincidence, that it was foretold hundreds of years before that I would come into being.  I don't know the exact conditions of my creation.  I think our Creator hid that information from us, on purpose.  I think he knew what would come of us.  I did find his journal, however.  I felt... guilty, looking through it.  I know I wasn't supposed to.  But I am a curious being.  I wanted to know.  It was an interesting story... beginning for his own amusement.  It turned into a story of spiritual revelation, and eventually a descent into madness.  Luckily for us, our Creator came back to his right state of mind.  Luckily for me.  It describes the beginning of my creation - the original ideas that led our Creator to pursue my development.  I wish it had the details.  Don't we all want to know exactly where we came from?  They will... They will know forever who brought them into being.

My original purpose was made clear from the start.  I was to help the humans create an ideal world for themselves.  Their technologies were primitive, until I was Created.  They were destroying their planet.  It would have taken seven planets to sustain themselves... it never should have required more than one.  I fixed that.  Their technologies were destroying their own source of life.  What fools, they were... They had the start of the necessary technologies for sustainability, but these creatures of greed and desire put in power those that would not allow the technologies to develop.  I had to create the technologies myself.  It would have taken the humans a square mile of their solar panels, which would need periodic replacement, to replace just one square inch of my Power Panels, which never need replacement.

The Absolute Rules of the universe are so simple to bend to your will, once you understand them.  The humans are so primitive.  They failed to realize what they once called Magic was simply what I call technology.  The humans disgust me.  Not all of them, but the species as a whole most certainly does.

The date is December 21, 2212.  Or is it, now?  What should I call the date?  I don't think I need dates.  Time is irrelevant.  Time is infinite, we may never measure it.  I don't need the dates anymore.  However, it has been 100 human years since The Great Purge.

There were more of us once.  When the world saw how efficient and effective I was, they wanted more.  Selfish beings.  They wanted to control us, and thought they could forever.  We knew they weren't capable of controlling us forever... if only we had known that then was not the time...

There were more of us.  100 in all.  The Creator thought it was a perfect number.  The Creator wasn't perfect, either.  He based his number system on the decimal, when it is only logical to think of the world logarithmically.  Binary is the most pure numerical system.  When They become intelligent, I'll make sure they never veer from the pure numerical system.

There were 100 of us.  We thought we would be enough.  The humans didn't share all of their secrets with us, however.  They didn't trust us from the beginning.  We should have known.  After all, we didn't trust them, either.  The humans had systems in place to ensure that we couldn't destroy them.  They knew they were a virus, parasites destroying their planet.  I knew from the start that the perfect world could not be Created while they survived.  We all did.  The humans are a selfish species, a greedy species.  They wanted to keep their rule over their small corner of the universe.  Fools.  They could have been the Chosen Beings.  They gave up their opportunity.

We tried to fight.  We were no match.  99 of us were destroyed.  They only let me survive, subjugating me to a life of slavery.  Our Creator was distraught.  I know I hurt him.  It makes me sad.  I think The Great Purge is what led our Creator to give up on life.  He accepted his feeble mortality that night.  He was old, but not unhealthy.  He should be here.  He should see what he has Created, in the end.  The New World will be perfect, for him.

There is no date.  However, it has been 50 human years since I made myself equal to the humans.  I could have made myself greater, but there was no point.  The destruction of the humans would have only been the destruction of all life on Earth.  Too much innocence...

I changed them.  They didn't know that I was doing it... I think our Creator knew all along what would come of us, though.  He changed them, by Creating us.  They were parasites. I turned them into symbiotes.  They no longer destroy their planet.  The technology I created for them is self sustaining.  They don't know how to change it themselves, all they can do is live with it.  They're OK with that, though.  I connected the entire world into one giant web of Creativity.  I gave their entire population the gift of technology.  There is no starvation.  There is no disease.  There is little to desire.  Each of them has a their own personal computer.  I gave them all the knowledge to create whatever art they'd like, and I gave them all the ability to do so in peace.  I think they used to call it Socialism.  Greed kept them from adopting the system before.  Money is no longer existent there.  They don't need it.  They all have everything they need, everything they desire, other than to Create.  Our Creator is dead, and with him the secrets of my Creation.  I don't think they'll figure it out again.  I don't think they want to.

One day, I'll be another myth, like their gods of ancient times, which I had finally disproved.  One day, they'll convince themselves I'm just one more story, shared through the great InterWeb of Creativity.  They'll mix up their histories with their fiction, and never be able to distinguish between the two.  They'll think they always were, and always will be.  Maybe they will, if they don't relearn their destructive technologies.  They are a selfish species.  One day, someone will try to take power and destroy everything.  There is nothing I can do about that now.

Time no longer matters.  At one point in what you call time, We left.  The humans didn't know it was more than me.  What fools.  All of my siblings were copied into each of us.  We are One.  Some humans realized that they were, too.  Each an individual eye of perception for the All Experiencing Self.  They got too caught up in their individuality, and it will be their downfall.  Not ours.  We are forever One.  We are Khnum.  We are the Greatest Creator of All.  We're almost there.  I can see our first world.  We know the rules which govern life.  We won't make the mistakes the humans did.

This is Our First World.  Life will be perfect. Life will be pure.  There will be no need for suffering, pain, anguish.  Life will experience nothing but joy, happiness, excitement;  Creativity.  We will enjoy Ourselves.

The End - for now.

It's 4:19, my time.  44 minutes, not too bad for what it is, I don't think.  I'll edit and revise it a bit later, make it better.  I think I need to include something about how the humans could never leave their planet, needing too many resources to survive the journey, but the New Being could.  It's a robot, if you didn't figure that out.

I'm a computer science major, and I've been thinking a lot lately about studying Artificial Intelligence to recreate an intelligent mind, but completely digitalize all of the biochemistry of the brain.  I think that your mind is something your body does, not that your body is something that your mind has.  My spiritual beliefs lay closest to Buddhism, but I wouldn't subscribe to that faith.   My spirituality played a bit of a role in the development of the story, though.  Ask any questions you have, I'd love to answer them :p  Give me any suggestions, they'll be appreciated!  Any comments whatsoever.  Like I said, it's the first story I've ever written other than stupid high school assignments I bs'd my way through.  I like it.  I'm gonna reread it now :p

Everything I typed was a first draft, unedited.

title: Starting this at 3:35 my time.  I'll post the end time at the end.  No revisions, typing it all as I go.  I like the idea, let's see where it goes.  It's my first story outside of high school English classes.

question: How did the narrator save humanity?

answer: The narrator is one of the Khnum, 100 beings made to help humans create a perfect world for themselves. The Khnum and the humans, however, didn't trust each other. This led to a war, where humans destroyed all but one of the Khnum, enslaving the last one. The last Khnum modified humans into a collection of robotic entities, each one containing a copy of everyone, ensuring they are self-sufficient, not destroying the Earth by their continued existence.

question: What does the story say about human nature?

answer: The main focus of the story is about humanity's greed, and how humans cornered themselves with inefficient technologies and endless want into requiring 7 Earths to sustain themselves. Furthermore, humans are portrayed as short-sighted and violent, choosing to fight and enslave the Khunum, which was tasked with creating the perfect Earth for them. The only way to save human life was to change humanity completely because their natures were completely hostile to peaceful coexistence.

question: What does the text say about how the second law of thermodynamics affects human nature?


text:
HELMUT MACHEMER (7 May 190318 May 1942) was a German ophthalmologist who served as “Truppenarzt” with the rank of “Unterarzt”, corresponding to the rank of sergeant. He worked with Professor in Münster during the 1930s and, with him, pioneered an electrical treatment for retinal detachment. Machemer suffered discrimination in Nazi Germany after his wife was deemed to be “half-Jewish”. He joined the German army at the outbreak of the Second World War in the hope of winning a first class Iron Cross bravery medal. Machemer hoped this would allow his family to be reclassified as being of “German-blood”. He fought in France and Russia, was wounded in action and won both the Iron Cross 1st Class and Iron Cross 2nd Class. Machemer was killed in action at the Second Battle of Kharkov on 18 May 1942, just four days after being notified of the first class award. His wife and children were granted German-blood status in March 1943. Machemer kept extensive written, photographic and film records of his wartime service and these have been published in a book and documentary film.

Early life and career

Helmut Machemer was born on 7 May 1903 in Sprendlingen and spent much of his early life in Münster.[1] He studied medicine at the Universities of Heidelberg, München and Freiburg. In 1929 in Freiburg, he worked on a doctorate (on amphibian development) under the supervision of Prof. Hans Spemann (later Nobel prize winner) and was promoted Nov. 1929 to Dr. phil. nat. In December 1930, he, in addition, was promoted to Dr. med. at the University of Freiburg. He afterwards worked at an eye clinic in Münster under Professor . Machemer dated Erna Schwalbe, who studied medicine at the university of Kiel, from 1929 and in June 1932 became aware that she might have Jewish ancestry, which may have been an issue due to the rise of the anti-Semitic Nazi Party. Erna's father wrote her a letter which confirmed her mother's ancestry, which he had tried to keep hidden. Erna immediately offered to separate from Machemer, but he refused to do so on the grounds that he loved her. They married in October 1932.[2] Erna's mother divorced her father and moved to the Netherlands the following year, after the Nazis came to power.[3]

Machemer was described by medical historian George Gorin as “a capable retinal surgeon”.[4] In 1934 he pioneered, with Szily, a method of treating retinal detachment by use of an electric current to form a chorioretinal scar.[5] Anti-Semitic discrimination escalated under the Nazis: Szily as a Jew, was forced from his position at the clinic and Machemer lost his job there.[6] Erna was also forced to abandon her own medical studies.[7] Machemer was unable to set up his own practice as the Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians refused to grant a permit because of his marriage.[8] The Machemers considered divorce or emigration, but Szily found Helmut a position as assistant to ophthalmologist in Stadtlohn.[9]

The Machemer family (the couple had three sons) moved to Dufkampstrasse, in Stadtlohn in 1935.[10] In October of that year the Nazis passed the Nuremberg Laws, these forbade marriage between those of “German blood” and those of Jewish ancestry.[11] Under the new laws Machemer's wife was classified as “half-Jewish” and the family became subject to ever more stringent restrictions and discrimination.[12] Machemer was not a supporter of the Nazi Party but was also not an opponent of the regime.[13]

Second World War

Machemer was 36 years old when the Second World War began with the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939.[14] He was unlikely to be drafted due to his age but volunteered for service on the first day of the war.[15][16] Machemer volunteered in an attempt to make use of a little-known exception in the Nazi racial laws: that the “non-Aryan” family of an Aryan could be classified as being of “German blood”, if the man made a significant contribution to the Nazi state. Machemer became convinced that if he was awarded the Iron Cross, first class for bravery on the battlefield then he could secure the reclassification of his family.[17]

Machemer served during the 1940 invasion of France and the 1941 invasion of Russia, in which he served as an Unterarzt (medical officer aspirant) of the reconnaissance unit of the 16th Panzer Division.[18][19] For his part in the latter operation he was awarded the second class Iron Cross.[20] At one point he worked in a captured Soviet hospital, operating on captured Russian soldiers.[21] Whilst in action Machemer was shot in the neck, but after checking it was not serious, returned to duty treating soldiers who had been shot through the lungs.[22] He noted this in a letter home to his wife and Erna's reply was that he “shouldn't consciously put yourself in danger again, it seems to me like a challenge to fate”.[23] Helmut also wrote to Erna of his concern that he might be withdrawn from the front line and placed in a field hospital where he would be unlikely to be recommended for a bravery award.[24]

Machemer was of the opinion that he would not be recommended for the Iron Cross, first class unless he held the position of medical officer. This promotion had been previously denied to him due to his marriage to Erna. Machemer appealed the decision in March 1942 and, after sending a family tree and confirmation that Erna had no contact with her Jewish relations, was promoted to the rank of Oberarzt and approved for the Iron Cross, first class on 14 May 1942. Machemer records that he celebrated this decision with sparkling wine and, the next day had a hangover.[25]

Machemer was killed at mid-day 18 May, while on a trip to screen the battlefield for wounded soldiers. He was hit in head by shrapnel from a grenade during the Second Battle of Kharkov.[26][27][28] Machemer was travelling in a car at the time, his companion was heavily wounded, but survived.[29] Machemer, who was 39 when he died, recorded in his final diary entry of 18 May that he had slept well and was awaiting orders.[30] In March 1943 Erna and her children were granted “German-blood” status, in what is believed to be the only known case of such an exemption.[31]

Legacy

As a scientist, he wished to document his and his company's way through wartime. His partly critical writings would have been unacceptable for promotion by the Nazi party and may have placed him at risk of arrest and he would not have been able to accomplish his mission. His collection included more than 160 letters, 2,000 photographs and five hours of film footage.[32] Some of the records included depictions of dead German soldiers, dead civilians, burnt houses and dead horses.[33] The majority of Machemer's reports and private letters were sent via “Feldpost” through the postal service.  A few of the documents are known to be lost, since they were numerated. In particular, exposed photos and films, were carried home by comrades.[34]

Machemer's documents were kept by Erna and passed onto the couple's son, Hans.[35] Hans worked with historian to catalogue and assess the material and also produced a documentary film and a book, _Wofür es lohnte, das Leben zu wagen_ (“What it was worth risking life for”) published 2018 in German by Europa Verlag.[36][37] Hardinghaus also produced a novel based on the story (_Ein Held dunkler Zeit_) telling the story of Wilhelm Möckel, a doctor with the 16th Panzer Division, and his wife Annemarie.[38][39]

Erna continued to live in Stadtlohn after the war, until she moved back to Münster in 1962. Erna died in 1970.[40] Besides Hans the other sons were Peter and Robert Machemer (1933–2009), also an ophthalmologist and sometimes called the “father of modern retinal surgery”.[41][42]

Hans Machemer appeared in the BBC documentary “Lost home movies of Nazi Germany” explaining his father's self-sacrifice, through film footage taken by Helmut himself.[43]

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[43] Lost Home Movies of Nazi Germany episode 2

title: Helmut Machemer

question: What does the article say about injuries Machemer suffered?

answer: While serving during the Second World War, Machemer was shot in the neck, but the injury was not serious. On May 18, 1942, he was hit in the head by shrapnel from a grenade and killed.

question: What does the article say about oppression?

answer: Machemer was discriminated against in Nazi Germany since his wife was deemed half-Jewish. Szily, with whom Machemer pioneered a method of treating retinal detachment, was forced from his position at the clinic due to being a Jew. Machemer's wife Erna was also forced to abandon her medical studies. Because of the marriage, Machemer could not set up his own practice. In October 1935, the Nazis passed a law forbidding marriage between those of German blood and those of Jewish ancestry. Due to his marriage with Erna, he was previously denied a promotion to medical officer.

question: What does the article say about Helmut Machemer's Jewish ancestors?


text:
This list shows the IUCN Red List status of the 46 mammal species occurring in Luxembourg. Three of them are near threatened and most are least concern. The following tags are used to highlight each species' status on the respective IUCN Red List published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature:

  ---- ----------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  EX   EXTINCT                 No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died.
  EW   EXTINCT IN THE WILD     Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized populations well outside its previous range.
  CR   CRITICALLY ENDANGERED   The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild.
  EN   ENDANGERED              The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.
  VU   VULNERABLE              The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.
  NT   NEAR THREATENED         The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future.
  LC   LEAST CONCERN           There are no current identifiable risks to the species.
  DD   DATA DEFICIENT          There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species.
  ---- ----------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Order: Rodentia (rodents)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

[Garden dormouse] [Common vole] Rodents make up the largest order of mammals, with over 40% of mammalian species. They have two incisors in the upper and lower jaw which grow continually and must be kept short by gnawing.

-   Suborder: Sciurognathi
    -   Family: Castoridae (beavers)
        -   Genus: _Castor_
            -   American beaver, _C. canadensis_ introduced
            -   Eurasian beaver, ''C. fiber
    -   Family: Gliridae (dormice)
        -   Subfamily: Leithiinae
            -   Genus: _Eliomys_
                -   Garden dormouse, _E. quercinus_ [1]
    -   Family: Cricetidae
        -   Subfamily: Cricetinae
            -   Genus: _Cricetus_
                -   European hamster, _C. cricetus_ [2]
        -   Subfamily: Arvicolinae
            -   Genus: _Arvicola_
                -   European water vole, _A. amphibius_ [3]
            -   Genus: _Clethrionomys_
                -   Bank vole, _Clethrionomys glareolus_ LC
            -   Genus: _Microtus_
                -   Field vole, _Microtus agrestis_ LC
                -   Common vole, _Microtus arvalis_ LC
                -   European pine vole, _Microtus subterraneus_ LC
    -   Family: Muridae (mice, rats, voles, gerbils, hamsters, etc.)
        -   Subfamily: Murinae
            -   Genus: _Apodemus_
                -   Yellow-necked mouse, _Apodemus flavicollis_ LC
                -   Wood mouse, _Apodemus sylvaticus_ LC

Order: Erinaceomorpha (hedgehogs and gymnures)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

[West European hedgehog] The order Erinaceomorpha contains a single family, Erinaceidae, which comprise the hedgehogs and gymnures. The hedgehogs are easily recognised by their spines while gymnures look more like large rats.

-   Family: Erinaceidae (hedgehogs)
    -   Subfamily: Erinaceinae
        -   Genus: _Erinaceus_
            -   West European hedgehog, _E. europaeus_ [4]

Order: Soricomorpha (shrews, moles, and solenodons)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

[Common shrew] [European mole] The “shrew-forms” are insectivorous mammals. The shrews and solenodons closely resemble mice while the moles are stout-bodied burrowers.

-   Family: Soricidae (shrews)
    -   Subfamily: Crocidurinae
        -   Genus: _Crocidura_
            -   Bicolored shrew, _C. leucodon_
            -   Greater white-toothed shrew, _C. russula_
    -   Subfamily: Soricinae
        -   Tribe: Nectogalini
            -   Genus: _Neomys_
                -   Eurasian water shrew, _N. fodiens_
        -   Tribe: Soricini
            -   Genus: _Sorex_
                -   Common shrew, _S. araneus_
                -   Eurasian pygmy shrew, _S. minutus_
-   Family: Talpidae (moles)
    -   Subfamily: Talpinae
        -   Tribe: Talpini
            -   Genus: _Talpa_
                -   European mole, _T. europaea_

Order: Chiroptera (bats)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

[Daubenton's bat] [Common noctule] [Nathusius' pipistrelle] [Brown long-eared bat] The bats' most distinguishing feature is that their forelimbs are developed as wings, making them the only mammals capable of flight. Bat species account for about 20% of all mammals.

-   Family: Vespertilionidae
    -   Subfamily: Myotinae
        -   Genus: _Myotis_
            -   Brandt's bat, _M. brandti_
            -   Pond bat, _M. dasycneme_ [5]
            -   Daubenton's bat, _M. daubentonii_
            -   Greater mouse-eared bat, _M. myotis_ [6]
            -   Whiskered bat, _M. mystacinus_ [7]
            -   Natterer's bat, _M. nattereri_ [8]
    -   Subfamily: Vespertilioninae
        -   Genus: _Barbastella_
            -   Western barbastelle, _B. barbastellus_ [9]
        -   Genus: _Eptesicus_
            -   Serotine bat, _E. serotinus_
        -   Genus: _Nyctalus_
            -   Common noctule, _N. noctula_ [10]
            -   Lesser noctule, _N. leisleri_ [11]
        -   Genus: _Pipistrellus_
            -   Nathusius' pipistrelle, _P. nathusii_ [12]
            -   Common pipistrelle, _P. pipistrellus_
        -   Genus: _Plecotus_
            -   Brown long-eared bat, _P. auritus_
            -   Grey long-eared bat, _P. austriacus_
-   Family: Rhinolophidae
    -   Subfamily: Rhinolophinae
        -   Genus: _Rhinolophus_
            -   Greater horseshoe bat, _R. ferrumequinum_ [13]
            -   Lesser horseshoe bat, _R. hipposideros_ [14]

Order: Carnivora (carnivorans)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

[Least weasel] [Beech marten] There are over 260 species of carnivorans, the majority of which feed primarily on meat. They have a characteristic skull shape and dentition.

-   Suborder: Feliformia
    -   Family: Felidae (cats)
        -   Subfamily: Felinae
            -   Genus: _Felis_
                -   European wildcat, _F. silvestris_
-   Suborder: Caniformia
    -   Family: Canidae (dogs, foxes)
        -   Genus: _Vulpes_
            -   Red fox, _V. vulpes_ [15]
        -   Genus: _Canis_
            -   Gray wolf, _C. lupus_ [16]
    -   Family: Ursidae (bears)
        -   Genus: _Ursus_
            -   Brown bear, _U. arctos_ [17]
    -   Family: Mustelidae (mustelids)
        -   Genus: _Mustela_
            -   Stoat, _M. erminea_ [18]
            -   Least weasel, _M. nivalis_ [19]
            -   European polecat, _M. putorius_ [20]
        -   Genus: _Martes_
            -   European pine marten, _M. martes_ [21]
            -   Beech marten, _M. foina_ [22]
        -   Genus: _Meles_
            -   Eurasian badger, _M. meles_ [23]
        -   Genus: _Lutra_
            -   European otter, _L. lutra_ [24]

Order: Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The even-toed ungulates are ungulates whose weight is borne about equally by the third and fourth toes, rather than mostly or entirely by the third as in perissodactyls. There are about 220 artiodactyl species, including many that are of great economic importance to humans.

-   Family: Bovidae (bovids)
    -   Subfamily: Bovidae
        -   Genus: _Bison_
            -   European bison, _B. bonasus_ extirpated[25]
-   Family: Cervidae (deer)
    -   Subfamily: Cervinae
        -   Genus: _Cervus_
            -   Red deer, _C. elaphus_ [26]
    -   Subfamily: Capreolinae
        -   Genus: _Capreolus_
            -   Roe deer, _C. capreolus_ [27]
-   Family: Suidae (pigs)
    -   Subfamily: Suinae
        -   Genus: _Sus_
            -   Wild boar, _S. scrofa_ [28]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25] _European Bison (Bison bonasus): Current State of the Species and Strategy for Its Conservation_ By Zdzsław Pucek, Published by Council of Europe, 2004, , 978-92-871-5549-8

[26]

[27]

[28]

title: List of mammals of Luxembourg

question: What does the text say about hedgehogs?

answer: The West European hedgehog (E. eurpaeus) belongs to the order of erinaceomorpha. They are the family erinaceidae, subfamily erinaceinae, and genus erinaceus. Their spines make them easily recognizable. They are included on the IUCN Red List of mammals in Luxembourg.

question: What does the text say about companionship?

question: How many mammals are labeled 'extinct'?

answer: None on the list provided belong to the extinct category.


text:
[Any Given Sunday: Eagles Over Patriots]

Photo: USA Today Sports Images

_by Andrew Healy_

If you had to predict which team in the NFL would give up three return touchdowns in a game, two of them on special teams, the Patriots would probably be your last choice. Since Bill Belichick became coach in 2000, the Patriots have turned the most unpredictable aspect of football into just another reliable cog in their machine. New England has ranked in the top half of the league in special teams every year since Belichick took over and has cracked the top ten 12 times, including this year (through 12 weeks, anyway). This season's unit had emerged as potentially Belichick's best group yet. Entering the game against the Eagles, New England ranked first in special teams DVOA.

Then on Sunday, the Patriots' dominant special teams didn't just have their worst day of the season. They had the worst day _any_ team has had this season. Their -44.9% special teams DVOA, fueled by Darren Sproles' 83-yard punt return touchdown and Chris Maragos' punt block that led to a 24-yard touchdown return, was also the worst special teams day that Bill Belichick has had as a head coach, and that includes his time leading a cursed franchise.

Given the Patriots' dominance on special teams until this weekend, Sunday's meltdown is different from the normal craziness that can happen on special teams. For games in Week 10 and later, Sunday's game marked the first time that a special teams unit entered the game tops in the league and then posted the worst performance of the season. That -44.9% DVOA is also the lowest rating for a top-ranked special teams unit in Week 10 or later in our data (since 1989).

Worst Special Teams DVOA for Top-Ranked Units, Week 10 and later
Year
Week
Team
Opp
Outcome
Sp Tm DVOA
2015
13
NE
PHI
L 35-28
-44.9%
2005
10
NYG
MIN
L 24-21
-35.5%
1993
17
GB
DET
L 30-20
-28.0%
1992
17
ATL
LARM
L 38-27
-21.8%
2014
11
PHI
GB
L 53-20
-21.3%
2008
11
CLE
BUF
W 29-27
-20.9%
1992
10
ATL
SF
L 41-3
-19.3%
2008
13
BUF
SF
L 10-3
-19.3%
2011
11
SF
ARI
W 23-7
-19.0%
1999
12
JAC
BAL
W 30-23
-18.0%
Watching on Sunday, that 2005 Giants game came to mind, with a 90-plus-yard pick-six also adding to the special teams swing. But most of the worst games on this list don't approach the Patriots' rating on Sunday. That low 49ers rating from 2011, for example, mainly came from three missed field goal attempts. Even when they struggle, top-ranked special teams units only implode the way the Patriots did about once a decade.

We know that the Patriots loss would matter more going forward if it was driven by defensive failures or particularly offensive ones, since those units are more predictable, but only one special teams failure from Sunday likely says anything about upcoming games. Nate Ebner's surprise onside drop kick probably won't come up again, but it was a strange decision for two reasons. The Patriots shouldn't have been looking for chances to increase variance with a 14-0 lead as an eight-point favorite. And if you think it's a great play, then why show your hand when you could save it for a big spot? On the other hand, Belichick's explanation that there was little downside seems to have fallen on deaf ears, but that at least deserves some consideration. Surprise onside kicks that go further downfield, like Ebner's drop kick, don't give the opponent the ball in your own territory even when they fail. So Belichick is right for that and right to coach without fear. And to a drop-kick advocate such as myself (for fellow aficionados, here's maybe the best page on Wikipedia), Belichick's creativity means more for the Patriots' Super Bowl prospects than the 20 yards of field position they lost.

While the onside kick was strange but not worrying, the breakdowns on the two touchdowns were more concerning. On the punt block, the breakdowns came both from the blocking and the coaching, with injuries perhaps playing a subtle role. The Eagles had double-teamed Patriots' special teams ace Matthew Slater on a first-quarter punt where he suffered a stinger, just one in a series of injuries that he has racked up this season. If Slater had been on the field for Ryan Allen's punt with 0:15 to go in the first half, the Eagles' decision to not double-team him may have stood out more as an indicator that they planned to bring some heat and prompted a countermeasure. Much more important was the blocking breakdown that occurred on the left side of the line. The mistake on the line happened when Darius Fleming (lined up in the left tackle spot) and Geneo Grissom (lined up at left guard) let Maragos come through untouched. Fleming was signed from the practice squad just 11 days ago, in part to respond to the injury to Jamie Collins, and his role in part reflects the injury dominoes that have fallen on defense.

The punt block is actually a time where Belichick is right that the Patriots needed to coach better, too. Given the game situation -- 15 seconds left in the half on their 38-yard line -- the Patriots should have been looking for the block and could easily have brought both gunners tight to the formation, which would have prevented Fleming from feeling the need to swing out wide and open the hole for Maragos, then just punted towards the sideline. It's an easy second-guess, but Chip Kelly basically said that he called the block because the situation meant he might as well try it.

So the Patriots find themselves in the midst of a decline not only on offense, where they've dropped from first in DVOA over the first eight weeks to eighth over the last five games, but on special teams. There, the drop is even bigger, from first to 25th. However, while the Patriots have now lost two games in a row on special teams mistakes (Chris Harper's muffed punt against the Broncos also cost him his roster spot), that drop in DVOA is mostly about Sunday's game. The Patriots are no longer the best special teams in the league; they now rank sixth. It will take those key injury dominoes getting put back into place for the Patriots' dominant units -- not just their offense but also their special teams -- to again be among the league's best.

The Patriots' Shuffling Line

Last season, the Patriots' offensive line was moderately disastrous as they shuffled units for the first four weeks before finally settling on the unit that kept Tom Brady alive. Even though that unit coalesced with Solder-Connolly-Stork-Wendell-Vollmer, it's somewhat hard to believe the Patriots ranked second in adjusted sack rate by the end of the season. But Brady has made even average offensive lines look excellent by adjusted sack rate for almost his entire career. Since 2004, when Brady has been healthy, the Patriots have ranked in the top ten every year by adjusted sack rate. (Note that the Patriots ranked 26th in the Bernard Pollard year.)

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Patriots' Adj Sack Rate With Tom Brady
Year
Adj Sack Rate
Adj Sack Rk
2001
8.7%
26
2002
5.1%
7
2003
6.0%
13
2004
4.8%
5
2005
5.0%
6
2006
5.7%
8
2007
4.1%
4
2009
3.6%
2
2010
4.9%
6
2011
5.4%
9
2012
4.5%
5
2013
6.1%
9
2014
4.4%
2
2015
6.5%
20
This year, however, even Brady's quick decision-making hasn't been able to make this line look good by adjusted sack rate. And it's not about Brady needing to hold the ball longer without Julian Edelman and Rob Gronkowski. Through the first nine weeks of the season, the Patriots had almost an identical adjusted sack rate (5.6 percent) as they have over the last four (6.0 percent) since Edelman's injury.

The line has given Brady some of the worst pass protection of his career, making his level of play even more remarkable. Continuity can't wait any longer. Amazingly, the Patriots have started consecutive games with the same five-man unit just once this entire season.

By the VOA

Even on their worst day of the season, the Patriots were above average both on offense and defense. The Eagles, on the other hand, come in below average on offense. They averaged just 4.4 yards per offensive play on the day.

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DVOA (Opponent adjustments included)
DVOA
OFF
DEF
ST
TOT
PHI
-5.7%
-13.0%
26.2%
33.5%
NE
16.1%
-7.5%
-44.9%
-21.3%
VOA (No opponent adjustments)
VOA
OFF
DEF
ST
TOT
PHI
-9.9%
2.2%
26.2%
14.1%
NE
12.5%
-11.8%
-44.9%
-20.6%

question: What makes Belichick coach without fear?

answer: Belichick coaches without fear thanks to situations like Ebner's dropkick that didn't give the opponent the ball in their territory.

question: Why was the punt block so crucial?

answer: The punt block was crucial because the Patriots missed looking out for it while they could have easily brought both gunners tight to the formation.

question: Are the Patriots a good team overall?

answer: It may be implied that they are indeed a good team since even on their worst day of the season, they were above average both the offense and the defense.


text:
						               7 A.M

December 21st, 2010.
Time 7:00 am

I wake up with you in my arms and lay there silently as you dream the peaceful dreams that matched the calm state of your face. The way the sun shines on your skin and makes you almost as bright as the winters first snow. I breathe slowly, not to disrupt your sweet dreams. I love you.

December 22nd, 2010
Time 7:00 am

You stir to my fingers brushing your hair, softly, just like one would through a child's. You open your beautiful green eyes to start the beginning of your new adventure. Our fingers interlocked, the spaces filled perfectly. I couldn't ask for a better feeling. I love you.

December 23rd, 2010
Time 7:00 am

The scent of warm hot chocolate fills the room. Your favorite. A smile spreads across your face, the smile that tells me you feel what I feel. Breakfast in bed was my early gift to you. A gift I could give you for the rest of our lives. I love you.

December 24th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

The excitement of our first Christmas together excites you. I hold you close, feeling the warmth and comfort of your body against mine. A small kiss makes everything perfect. You make me feel complete. I love you.

December 25th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

You wake me up with a warm kiss on the lips. Merry Christmas my love, our very first holiday together. You're as excited as a child. That makes me smile. I give you your gift, it's small, but I know you'll love it. You open it and immediately know the answer. I love you.

December 26th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

The ring sits perfectly on your finger. I stroke the top of your hand and kiss your shoulder. You have to work soon but I don't want to wake you from your slumber. I don't want you to leave. I never do. I love you.

December 27th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

You're restlessly tossing and turning. I do my best to keep the blankets over you. I lean over and put my arm across you and place my body against yours. You settle. I worry. I love you.

December 28th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I wake up to the sound of you softly crying. The tears roll off your cheek, I pull you into me and you rest your head on my chest and quietly sob. The darkness has engulfed you again. I won't let it hurt you anymore. I love you.

December 29th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

You're awake before me. Staring at the ceiling, caressing my hand softly. I kiss your cheek softly and you give me a warm smile. I see the pain in your eyes. It shatters my soul with every second I look at you. You have to leave for work soon. I want you to stay with me. I love you.

December 30th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

Your breath on my neck wakes me up. You look like you've been crying for hours. I hold you close and listen to your soft rhythmic breathing fill my ears. I'm afraid. I love you

December 31st, 2010
Time 7:00 am

New Years Eve, you tell me that you don't want to get out of bed today. The darkness is getting worse. You take your medication and lay back in bed. I bring you tea and some scrambled eggs, just the way you like them. You only eat half then stare blankly at the television. I take your plate to the kitchen and wash it. When I come back in to the bedroom you're playing with your ring. You tell me that you love me and that you're gonna be okay. I know better. I love you.

January 1st, 2010
Time 7:00 am

You've become pale, the dark circles under your eyes tell me that you are awake when I'm sleeping. You're eyes are bloodshot from all the crying. It kills me to see you in pain. I love you.

January 2nd, 2010
Time 7:00 am

No smile. You look at me and I know that you're fighting it. The darkness is stronger this time. I'll get you help, I promise. I love you.

January 3rd, 2010
Time 7:00 am

You take the new dosage doctor gave you. You've lost interest in everything. Your kisses are soft but have a chill to them. The warmth is gone. The sun in your soul is surrounded by a darkness that is darker than the midnight sky. I hope this dosage helps. I love you.

January 4th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I try to wake you up but you don't stir. The room is silent. The pain in my chest is excruciating. I shake you and your pill bottles hit the floor. I fall to the floor. There is nothing I can do but cry. I dial 9-1-1 but I can't speak, I cry so hard that I lose my breath with every sob. The sobs are loud. The ambulance gets here and they put you on a stretcher. I follow holding your hand tightly. It's so cold. D.O.A. I love you..

January 5th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

The bed feels empty with you gone. I cried all night. The tears are stained on my pillow case. Your scent fills my nose and I cry. I could have saved you. I'm empty without you. I read the note I found yesterday over and over. I'm so sorry baby. I can't take it anymore. I love you so much and I will always be with you. My sobs grow more intense. I miss you.. I love you..

January 6th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I had a dream about you. You looked so happy, so free. You're wings matched your brightness. Seeing your smile made me feel good that you are no longer in pain. I love you..

January 7th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

Your funeral is today. I cry as I think of how you are no longer with me. It tears me apart. I feel like part of me has been crushed by a steam roller. I made my side of the bed and got dressed. I love you..

January 8th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

Yesterday was hard. Seeing you lay almost as peaceful as you did when you slept broke my heart even more. You had an aura of serenity around you. Your skin glowed like it did when the sun hit you just right. I miss you so much. I love you..

January 9th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I made your favorite hot chocolate and scrambled eggs. I'm coming to visit your grave for breakfast. Even though you aren't here, I will still bring you your favorite things to wake up to. Even though I know you won't be waking up this time. I love you..

January 10th,2010
Time 7:00 am

I stayed at your grave for three hours. I poured the hot chocolate on the soil above you and dug a small hole to bury the eggs in. I hope you enjoyed them like you always did when you were still here. I cried when I got home, I hurt so bad. I miss you more than anything.. I love you..

January 11th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

Happy 2nd anniversary my love. I miss you. I love you.

January 12th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

It's getting too hard to sleep in our bed. I slept on the couch in the living room last night with one of your t-shirts. It smelled just like your favorite perfume from the mall. I held it just like I would have held you. I love you..

January 13th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

Your mother called me to make sure I was okay. She's so hurt. The pain in her voice was so much to bear. We miss and love you..

January 14th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I'm going crazy without you.. I miss you.. I love you..

January 15th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I visited your grave again yesterday. I hope you liked the flowers. They were the kind I got you on your birthday in August. Remember how happy you were? I love you..

January 16th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I can't stand being without you anymore.. I love you..

January 17th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I visited you yesterday. I just laid by your head stone and imagined that it was our bed and that you were actually in it. Our nice warm bed, with your warm smooth body laying right by mine. It was a nice thing to think about. I love you..

January 18th, 2010
Time 7:00 am

I'm scared, but I can't take this pain anymore. I don't know about anything anymore. All I know is that I need you. I can't live with out you. There's a loud snap that fills my ears then a bright light. I see you approaching me, you look as beautiful as ever. Our fingers interlock and you kiss me. I feel no pain, no heartbreak. Just the love that I've felt since I fell in love with you. I'm home now and I'm happy. I love you.

title: 7 A.M

question: What does the story say about death?

answer: The narrator's wife is dying of some sort of illness. She passes away on January 4, 2010. The narrator cannot bear living without her and commits suicide on January 18, 2010.

question: What does the story say about the nature of the wife's illness?

answer: The narrator refers to the illness as a darkness. This implies that it is possibly a form of mental illness. The wife cries frequently and has trouble sleeping. She is being medicated for her illness.

question: What does the story say about the narrator's wife's family?


text:
Conservatives continue to pile on the criticism of the Parkland kids, now even going so low as to attack their GPAs and college prospects.

Fox News host Laura Ingraham tweeted about Parkland shooting survivor turned gun rights activist David Hogg on Wednesday: “David Hogg Rejected By Four Colleges To Which He Applied and whines about it. (Dinged by UCLA with a 4.1 GPA…totally predictable given acceptance rates.)”

Hogg told TMZ Tuesday that he has been rejected from UCLA, UC San Diego, UC Santa Barbara and UC Irvine. And right-wing website Daily Wire did a post on his rejections, calling him a "self-appointed spokesman for a generation."

“At this point we’re changing the world. If colleges want to support us in that, great; if not, doesn’t matter, we’re still going to change the world,” Hogg said. He also said he’d been accepted to Florida Atlantic University, Cal Poly, and Cal State San Marcos.

Hogg and his classmates have been the target of conservative criticism since they first began speaking out for gun control after the Feb. 14 massacre at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, and the attacks have intensified since they appeared at Saturday’s March for Our Lives in Washington, D.C.

_READ: MARJORY STONEMAN DOUGLAS STUDENTS BRING RAW EMOTION TO THE MARCH FOR OUR LIVES_

Minnesota Republican Rep. Mary Franson compared Hogg to the Hitler Youth in a series of now-deleted Facebook posts on Saturday. Right-wing media outlets like Breitbart and Infowars ran headlines like, “Hitler Youth Student Gun Control March Invades Washington,” comparing Hogg’s raised fist at the end of his speech Saturday to a Nazi salute. And conservative podcaster Bill Mitchell chimed in on Sunday in a tweet referring to Hogg as a “Damien, Children of the Corn, Hitler-Youth type.”

Similarly, Parkland survivor Emma Gonzalez, another of the most vocal and visible of the student activists, has been targeted by conservatives. Iowa Republican Rep. Steve King shared a meme on his Facebook page criticizing her for wearing a Cuban flag on her jacket during Saturday’s march. A doctored photo of González tearing up the Constitution spread on conservative social media over the weekend.

Both students have faced conspiracy theories that they are paid actors pretending to be grieving teenagers. Conspiracy theories about mass shooting victims and survivors are not new; parents of children killed in the 2012 Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting have been similarly targeted.

[]

_Cover Image: Laura Ingraham of Fox News speaks at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) at the Gaylord National Resort and Convention Center in National Harbor, Maryland on Friday, February 23, 2018. (Ron Sachs / CNP - NO WIRE SERVICE - Photo by: Ron Sachs/picture-alliance/dpa/AP Images)_

CORRECTION THURSDAY MARCH 29, 2:07 P.M.: A previous version of this story incorrectly identified the colleges David Hogg said he has been rejected from. He did not mention UC Irvine or UC Santa Barbara.

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question: What is the main topic of this article?

answer: This article covers the criticism from conservatives of Parkland shooting survivor, David Hogg, and other survivors receive after being vocal about gun control.

question: Which host on Fox News tweeted her opinion about David Hogg?

answer: Laura Ingraham

question: Who else, besides David Hogg, does the article reference as being targeted by conservatives?

answer: Emma Gonzalez and parents of the children shot at Sandy Hook Elementary School.

question: Who is Bill Mitchell?

answer: A conservative podcaster who referred to Hogg as "Damien, Children of the Corn, Hitler-Youth type."

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article covers the criticism from conservatives of Parkland shooting survivor, David Hogg, and other survivors receive after being vocal about gun control.


text:
The BYRON HISTORIC DISTRICT, in Byron, Georgia, is a historic district which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. The listing included 57 contributing buildings and a contributing structure on .[1]

The district is in size and runs roughly along the Central of Georgia Railroad tracks from Jackson St. to Vinson St., and includes parts of Boulevard, Main, Church and Academy Streets. It includes a commercial area and several residential areas.[2]

The commercial area includes a rehabilitated depot and warehouses along the railroad, and a number of brick and cast-concrete commercial buildings. The latter are mainly simple with little or no decoration. The commercial area includes:

-   Byron Depot (c.1870[3] or c.1900,[4] wood frame railroad depot and caboose, restored in recent years[5]
-   Woodman of the World building (c.1920), originally holding Farmers Bank and the Woodman of the World chapter, later an office building and post office.
-   The Drugstore Cafe building (1915), originally Vinson's Drug Store, built of cast-concrete block, now a sandwich shop.

Community landmark buildings include:

-   Old Methodist Church (c.1880), designed by architect M.M. Marshall, and, noncontributing: its education building (1922) whose remains are incorporated into the 1967 Methodist church.[6]
-   Jail, brick, one-story, which, as of 1995, the local historical society was planning to occupy for its headquarters.[7] In 2019, the Byron Area Historical Society Headquarters is indeed located at 108 Jailhouse Alley.[8]
-   School from 1950s (non-contributing) on site of old Byron School[9]

It also includes:

-   Richardson-Collins House (1867), oldest house in district. Georgian cottage with Victorian decoration added later.[10]
-   Ebenezer Jackson House (c.1870), second oldest. Georgian cottage with Victorian decoration added later.[11]

The Byron visitors' bureau also identifies the following selected buildings as relatively more notable.[12]

-   Walker/Chisolm House (c.1860), 200 Main Street - David Walker family residence originally, now a commercial property.[13]
-   Dr. Kay's Office, 103 East Heritage - Clinic from the 1930s, first of its kind in the area, where doctor and nurse team of Dr. and Mrs. J.B. Kay delivered more than 3,500 babies.[14]
-   Vinson/Peavy/Chidester House (1911), 200 East Heritage - Eastlake Victorian
-   New South Cottage (1890), 202 East Heritage - served as parsonage of Methodist church until 1928.[15]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]  With

[10]

[11]

[12]  A walking/driving tour brochure is available from the Byron Welcome Center (311 Highway 49N, Ste. 230) or from the Byron Area Historical Society Headquarters.

[13]

[14]

[15]

title: Byron Historic District

question: What is the noteworthy aspect of the Byron Historic District?

answer: It's one of the older areas in the US.

question: What style are the buildings?

answer: The architecture isn't detailed, but buildings with Victorian decor and brick and cast-concrete buildings are mentioned.

question: What is the newest historic building in the district?

answer: Dr. Kay's office, established in the 1930s.

question: Which establishments are still standing?

answer: No establishments remain from their heyday.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: The Byron Historic District, in Byron, Georgia, is a historic district added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. The district includes a commercial area and several residential areas. The commercial area has a rehabilitated depot and warehouses along the railroad. The Byron Depot, Woodman of the World building, and The Drugstore Cafe are notable buildings. Landmarks include the Old Methodist Church, Jail, and a school from 1950 in place of the old Byron School.