text:
JACK YARBER (born March 15, 1967), also known by his stage name JACK OBLIVIAN, is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist based in Memphis, Tennessee. He was a founding member of the garage bands The Compulsive Gamblers, and The Oblivians and currently fronts Jack O & the Tennessee Tearjerkers.

Yarber has also been a member, or contributed to: The End, Johnny Vomit & The Dry Heaves, Andre Williams, The Knaughty Knights, South Filthy, The Cool Jerks, The Limes, '68 Comeback, King Louie & His Loose Diamonds, Greg Oblivian & the Tip Tops, Jack Oblivian & The Cigarillos, The Natural Kicks and Tav Falco's Panther Burns.

Today, Yarber continues to write, record and tour as a solo artist. In January 2016, he released his seventh solo album, _The Lone Ranger of Love_. The record was released on his own label, Mony Records.

Johnny Vomit and the Dry Heaves

Jack Yarber began his professional music career in high school, appearing alongside high-school friend and future Squirrel Nut Zippers founder Jimbo Mathus in the Corinth, Mississippi, based Johnny Vomit & the Dry Heaves. Yarber played drums in the outfit, which credited him as Johnny Goopa.[1] Johnny Vomit & the Dry Heaves would go on to be one of Yarber's longest-running side projects, the song “Knick the Knife” on his latest Tennessee Tearjearkers album being a reworked version of a song performed in early Johnny Vomit jam sessions.[2]

The End

In the summer of 1987 (?), Yarber moved to Memphis, Tennessee, to play music with his cousin. Yarber and his cousin played together using a number of band names, eventually releasing a new wave 7-inch under the name The End. The tracks “You Never Called” and “People Talk” (later covered by Cheap Time) were recorded in 1984 at Phillips Studio in Memphis, Tennessee. That vinyl single, released on the Erwin record label marked Yarber's first appearance on record. By 1989 the two had diverged musically and Yarber's cousin left town, effectively ending their partnership.[3]

The Compulsive Gamblers

Following the breakup of The End, Yarber's encounter with fellow musician Greg Cartwright led to the formation of the Compulsive Gamblers. Despite recording two 7-inch albums and a handful of home recordings, the band was unable to garner record label interest until after the success of their next band, the Oblivians. The Compulsive Gamblers would reform in the late 1990s and early 2000s, releasing two studio albums and one live LP on Sympathy For the Record Industry.[4]

The Oblivians

The Oblivians formed in 1993 as a side project to the Compulsive Gamblers, and included former Gambler Greg Cartwright, as well as future Goner Records founder, Eric Friedl. The members of the Oblivians all shared writing and recording responsibilities. Each member supplied vocals, guitar work, and percussion on albums, and switched between instruments during live shows. The Oblivians lasted from 1993 until 1998, at which time Yarber and Cartwright left the band to reform the Compulsive Gamblers. The second incarnation of the Gamblers lasted from 1998 to 2003, when the bandmembers again went their separate ways.

The Tennessee Tearjerkers

After pursuing a brief solo career, Yarber teamed up with Scott Bomar to form the Tearjearkers. As Bomar became more and more involved with film scoring, Yarber began to take a more active role in the band, ultimately taking over as lead songwriter after Bomar's departure. With Yarber in control of the group, the band was rechristened the Tennessee Tearjerkers.[5] At the same time as Yarber was writing songs with the Tearjerkers, he was also contributing in various ways to a number of side projects including, the Knaughty Knights, the Limes, and South Filthy which included collaborations with longtime associates Walter Daniels, and Monsieur Jeffrey Evans. In 2007 Yarber released another solo LP, “The Flip Side Kid.” The CD version was released by Sympathy For the Record Industry and Yarber self-released the vinyl under his own label, “Dirt Cheap Date.”

The Oblivians reunion

In 2008, The Oblivians and The Gories announced a dual reunion tour, which happened in the summer of 2009, mostly in Europe, but also a couple shows in Memphis and Detroit.[6] Since then, the Oblivians have continued playing sporadic gigs and released a 2015 album via in the Red Records, _Desperation_.

Discography

As Jack Oblivian

SOLO ALBUMS

-   _American Slang_ 12-inch EP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1997, SFTRI 475)
-   _So Low_ LP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1998, SFTRI 535)
-   _Bad Mood Rising_ LP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2001, SFTRI 643)
-   _Don't Throw Your Love Away_ LP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2005, SFTRI 735)
-   _Jack-O Is The Flip Side Kid_ LP/CD (Dirt Cheap Records/Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2006, BR-003/SFTRI 778)
-   _The Disco Outlaw_ LP/CD (Goner Records, 2009, 45 Gone)
-   _Rat City_ LP/CD (Big Legal Mess, 2011)
-   _Jack O & the Sheiks: Live!_ LP (Secret Identity/Red Lounge, 2014)
-   _The Lone Ranger of Love_ LP (Mony, 2016)

'SOLO SINGLES'

-   Jack Oblivian & The Cigarillos: “Mad Dog 20/20” (CD Compilation Freakland-iPunkrock, 2003)
-   “Chills & Fever” 7-inch (Brown Sound, 2005, BS 001)
-   “Original Mixed Up Kid” 7-inch (Bancroft Records, 2006, BR-005)
-   “Black Boots” 7-inch (Shattered Records, 2006, SR-013)
-   Jack Oblivian & The Cigarillos: “Women's Milk” 7-inch (Ghost Highway Recordings, 2007)
-   “Sweet Thang” 7-inch (The Wind Records, 2008, TWR001)
-   Jack Oblivian & The Cigarillos: “15 Beers” / “Drinking Women's Milk” 7-inch (Ghost Highway Recordings, 2007)

'SOLO CASSETTES'

-   “Is She Crazy” cassette (Mony, 2015)

SOLO APPEARS ON

-   Various Artists – _Sunday Nights: The Songs of Junior Kimbrough_ (2005, Fat Possum Records) – “I'm in Love With You” (Junior Kimbrough)

Other releases

With The End

SINGLES

-   “You Never Called”/“People Talk” 7-inch (Erwin Records, 1985, E-2410/E-2411)

With Johnny Vomit and The Dry Heaves

SINGLES

-   “Johnny Vomit & The Dry Heaves” 7-inch (Goner Records, 1993, 6Gone)
-   “Thanks for the Ride!” 7-inch (Goner Records, 2005, 18gone)
-   “Running in a Rat Race” 7-inch (Solid Sex Lovie Doll Records, 2006, SSLD 008)

With the Compulsive Gamblers

SINGLES

-   “Joker” 7-inch (Boiler Room, 1992, cat.no.?)
-   “Church Goin'” 7-inch (Lemon Peel Records, 1992, LP001 – LP002)
-   “Goodtime Gamblers” 7-inch (Boiler Room, 1995, BR 002)

ALBUMS

-   _Gambling Days are Over_ CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1995, SFTRI 372)
-   _Bluff City_ LP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1999, SFTRI 570)
-   _Crystal Gazing Luck Amazing_ LP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2000, SFTRI 572)
-   _Live & Deadly: Memphis-Chicago_ 2xLP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2003, SFTRI 698)

With the Oblivians

SINGLES

-   “Call The Shots” 7-inch (Goner Records, 1993, 2Gone)
-   “Sunday You Need Love” 7-inch (Crypt, 1994, CR-044)
-   “Now for the Hard Of Hearing From … 'Blow Their Cool'” 7-inch (Estrus, 1994, ES 756)
-   “Static Party” 7-inch (In The Red, 1994, ITR 018)
-   “Go!Pill-Popper!” 7-inch (Drug Racer, 1996, 001)
-   “Strong Come On” 7-inch (Crypt, 1996, CR-053)
-   “Kick Your Ass” 7-inch (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1996, SFTRI 412)

SPLITS

-   Split CS with Impala (Goner Records/Power Of Bob, 1993, 0Gone/POB 103)
-   Split 7-inch with Two Bo's Maniacs (Hate Records, 1997, hate 7)
-   Split 7-inch with the Crime Kaisers (Active Detective, 1998, active detective record #1)

ALBUMS

-   _Oblivians_ 10-inch (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1994, SFTRI 304)
-   _Soul Food_ LP/CD (Crypt, 1995, CR-055)
-   _Live in Atlanta 8.19.94_ LP (Negro Records, 1995, negro records 001)
-   _Six of the Best_ 10" (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1996, SFTRI 383)
-   _The Sympathy Sessions_ CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1996, SFTRI 406)
-   _Walter Daniels Plays With Monsieur Jeffrey Evans & The Oblivians at Melissa's Garage_ 10-inch (Undone, 1995, UDR-0008-10)
-   _Popular Favorites_ LP/CD (Crypt, 1996, CR-065)
-   _...Play 9 Songs with Mr Quintron_ LP/CD (Crypt, 1997, CR-082)
-   _17 Cum Shots_ LP (Bootleg, 1997, cat.no.?)
-   _Best of the Worst: 93-97_ 2xLP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 1999, SFTRI 584)
-   _On The Go_ LP (Goner Records, 2003, 12Gone)
-   _Barristers 95 [Live]_ (In the Red, 2009, ITR 182)
-   _Desperation_ (In the Red, 2015)

with Tav Falco's Panther Burns

ALBUMS

-   FZ 6900 Panther Phobia LP/CD (In The Red, 2000, ITR 069)

with the Knaughty Knights

SINGLES

-   “Connection” 7-inch (Solid Sex Lovie Doll Records, 2002, SSLD 007)
-   “I Love It To Death” 7-inch (Perpetrator Records, 2004, PERP 3)
-   “Death Has Come Over Me” 7-inch (Goner Records, 2005, 20Gone)
-   “Tommy of the River” 7-inch (Shattered Records, 2006, SR-011)

SPLITS

-   “Split” 7-inch with the Wildebeests (Norton Records, 2003, 9641)

with South Filthy

SINGLES

-   “Soul of a Man” 7-inch (Wrecked Em Records, 2003, wrecked 004)
-   “Goin' Down The Valley” / “Carry That Load” 7-inch (Beast Records, 2007, BR076)

ALBUMS

-   _You Can Name It Yo' Mammy If You Wanna..._ CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2002, SFTRI 701)
-   _Crackin' Up_ + _You Can Name It Yo' Mammy If You Wanna_ 2xLP/LP (Rockin' Bones, 2005, RON 062-1/RON062-2)
-   _Crackin' Up_ CD (Licorice Tree Records, 2006, YUM 1008)
-   _Undertakin' Daddy_ LP (Beast Records, 2009, LP-BR87)

with the Cool Jerks

SINGLES

-   “Whole Wide World” 7-inch (Misprint Records, 2003, msp 0110)

ALBUMS

-   _Cleaned A Lot Of Plates in Memphis_ LP/CD (Sympathy for the Record Industry, 2002, SFTRI 689)

with the Limes

SINGLES

-   “Goddamn You Honey” 7-inch (Solid Sex Lovie Doll Records, 2004, SSLD 014)
-   “Rock'n'roll Heart” 7-inch (Nasty Product, 2006, NP 10)

ALBUMS

-   _Tarantula!_ CD (Death Valley Records, 2005, DV-010)

with the Natural Kicks

ALBUMS

-   _Natural Kicks_ CD (Miz Kafrin, 2005, Miz Kafrin 007)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

title: Jack Yarber

question: What does the article say about Yarber's bands with family members?

answer: Yarber moved to Memphis, Tennessee, in 1987 to form the band "The End" with his cousin. They released a vinyl single on the Erwin record label. The duo had diverged musically by 1989, and their partnership ended. Yarber had no other project with family members.

question: What does the text say about Jack Yarber's musical projects with other people?

answer: Yarber had many collaborations, starting with Johnny Vomit and the Dry Heaves in high school with Jimbo Mathus. Yarber played the drums. He then worked together with his cousin, releasing a vinyl single under the band name "The End." After Yarber and his cousin diverged musically, he formed the Compulsive Gamblers with Greg Cartwright. They couldn't get any recognition until their next band's success. Eventually, The Compulsive Gamblers released two studio albums in the late 1990s and early 2000s. The Oblivians formed as a side project to The Compulsive Gamblers with the addition of Eric Friedl. They shared writing and recording responsibilities, switching between instruments during live shows. The Oblivians lasted from 1993 to 1998. After a brief solo period, Yarber and Scott Bomar formed the Tearjerkers. Bomar switched his focus to film scoring, and Yarber became the lead songwriter after his departure, re-naming the band the Tennessee Tearjerkers. The Oblivians reformed in 2008 and released an album, Desperation, in 2015. Yarber contributed to many other projects as well.

question: What does the article say about Jack Barber?


split: test

text:
 “So should I start from the beginning?” “Yes the beginning should be fine” the voice answered. Lawrence thought for a moment. “I’m not sure where to start, I guess it started after high school from what I remember” I wasn’t always like this, I used to be normal I guess. I remember I used to run. Run for hours at a time. Always running...” “How did you feel when you were running?” Lawrence tried to look up, but hesitated and stared back at her feet. “Something like a free spirit, I felt like I could do anything when I ran”. “Do you still run?” the voice responded. “In my dreams I’m always running, but it’s not the same. It’s as if something is chasing me. I don’t know what it is but if I stay still for too long I get a sick feeling in my stomache. The sky gets dark, I can’t explain it.” “Well it sounds to me like your running from someone. Any idea who it could be?” The voices tone changed when asking this question. Another voice commented before Lawrence had a chance to speak. “Is there anyone in your life who abandoned you? Lawrence hesitated, she finally looked up to see who she was speaking with, but the room was dark. She could see shadows on the other side of the glass. She felt scared. “I don’t want to talk anymore, I need rest.” She then heard footsteps walking away followed by mumbling, but she couldn’t understand what they were saying.

She woke up a few hours later. Cold and aching. The floor was hard and dirty, she didn’t like that. She realized she was alone. How long had she been in this room? She wondered. She wished she knew, but without light or a clock, she had no sense of time. The minutes felt like hours, the hours felt like days. She tried to remember how she ended up here to begin with, but found it difficult to think back, everything seemed hazy. “Lawrence” a voice shouted from the distance. She replied back, “Yes, who’s there?” then silence. This happened occasionally. She assumed there was no voice, and that she was imagining it. Maybe I’m going crazy she thought.

After what seemed like an eternity, she heard steps coming towards her. She called out “Hello? Who’s there?” a voice replied after a few seconds, “Were your friends Lawrence, now let’s have a chat” Well it’s not like I have anything else to do with my valuable time” she replied. “Perfect then, how about you tell me about Samuel first” the voice replied. “How do you know about Samuel!?” Lawrence shouted. “I know a lot more about you then you realize. What’s your relationship like with Samuel? And do be honest; I’ll know if you’re lying”. Came the reply. Who are these people she thought. How do they know so much about me? “Speak now! Were listening” Lawrence asked, “Who are you people? Why are you interrogating me? I just want to be alone.” “Fine then, be alone. Well be ready to talk further when you are.” The reply came back. How did they do that? It sounded like 5 separate voices all just responded in perfect harmony. This scared her, and she found herself back on the ground curled up in a ball.

This time when Lawrence awoke she found herself outside lying under an oak tree. She looked around and noticed she was in the middle of a field. The grass was green, the skies were blue. The last thing she remembered was being locked in a room being questioned by people she could not see. At least I’m out of there now, I can’t complain, she thought. She started to walk the field. Eventually she found a river with the clearest water she has ever seen. After drinking from it for a few minutes she continued her walk. Far off in the distance she could see the figure of a man. He was running for her faster than she had ever seen someone run. She started running towards him too. The excitement in her was immense, seeing she hasn’t seen anyone in who knows how long. When she was about 30 feet from the man she realized he wasn’t running for her, he was running from whatever was behind him. He shouted “Lawrence run! They’re coming!” The confusion set in but she started to run as well. “Who are we running from?” she asked. “I’ll explain when were safe” he replied. So they ran.

After stopping under a bridge a few kilometres away, he explained, “Lawrence, I think were safe now. They can’t find us if were together”. “Safe from what?” She asked. “I’m not sure, but they want us for experiments. They’re going to take us against our will and cut us open!” he started to tremble. “Who are you?” she asked. “I am your protector Lawrence. I will keep you safe. They can’t harm you if I’m here”. The man replied. Lucky me... She thought. They laid down and got some rest.

            “Wake up Lawrence, we have work to do.” A voice gently called out. She awoke once again in the dark room. “What work do we have to do?” she asked. “All in good time dear. How about you answer me a few questions first. Do you remember your dream?” the voice asked. “I don’t recall. Umm running! I was definitely running”. Lawrence responded. “Running huh, do you remember why you were running this time?” she was asked. “No. But I got away! I somewhat recall being protected, but I’m not sure what that means, it’s all so vague” she said. “How are we going to help you if you can’t even remember, are you just wasting our time!? Do you want help Lawrence? You need to start co-operating with us. The consequences will be quite negative unless. I assure you this” the voice said. This strict tone scared her, and she went into a panic. She started thrashing around and banging on the walls. “Get me out of here!!! Why are you keeping me prisoner! I’m innocent.” She screamed. The tears ran down her face. “We wish it was so simple Lawrence, but you’re not going anywhere yet. Rest now, we’ll be back later” the voice said.

                “Wake up Lawrence, we need to go now” a man said. She awoke and screamed “I don’t know what you want from me!! Leave me alone!!” “Calm down Lawrence it’s me, your safe”. The man said. She opened her eyes and realized she had drifted off to sleep, but was awoken by her “Protector”. She never really had time to pay attention to his physical details before, so she studied him closely. He was a handsome man, dark long hair, brown eyes, and clean shaven. He reminded her of a man she once knew but she couldn’t put her finger on who it was. “Where are we going now?” She asked. He looked at her and smiled. “You tell me and I will follow” the protector said. “I’m not familiar with this land..., I guess we’ll go east?” she said. “East sounds great, let’s go” He replied.

                “They started walking east for a good half hour before the sky’s darkened again. They both knew this was not good. “Lawrence, I think we need to run now, I feel them coming. I don’t know how they found us.” The protector said. They both started running, but there was nothing to hide under. It was just empty plains for miles. Not even a tree to hide behind. The Protector said “Lawrence, you run. I’ll stay here and distract them. That should give you enough time to find somewhere to hide”. “No! You can’t leave me alone here! I don’t want to be alone. Just stay well find somewhere together. Please” she begged. “No Lawrence, we won’t escape, I need you to be brave and do as I say”. He said

                “No I can’t go without you!” She screamed. “Without who?” A voice asked. She looked up and realized she was not with the man anymore. Was it all a dream? How could this be, it felt so real she wondered. “Without who Lawrence? Please tell me what happened” the voice said. “She looked to see who was with her now but there was no one. She was back in the dark room. The walls had shadows on them, but there was no light, which didn’t make sense. Was she talking to a shadow? Am I losing my mind? She thought. “Lawrence, were losing our patience, now answer us” the voice said. “No, not until you start telling me some things. Where am I? Why are you keeping me here? Who are you?” She demanded. A few voices all started mumbling at once.  “Hopeless. Hopeless. Hopeless”. They all kept repeating. “Why don’t we just cut her open and get the information we want already. She’s clearly not going to give it to us.” They said. This caught her off guard, and unimaginable amount of fear struck through her. Instant paralysis, she couldn’t even breathe. Her fingers and toes went numb, her eyelids started twitching, and her heart was beating like a marching band on a season opener’s football game. “Protector! I need you now! Please help me; you said you would keep me safe! She thought. She prayed repeatedly for him to arrive. In a flash of light he was in the room with them. “Lawrence, take my hand now” he said, and just like lightning they were gone.

                Back in the field they previously were, before she awoke back in the dark room, they re appeared. The sun was bright and the sky was blue. Birds were flying in the air, and she had an easy feeling go through her. “I knew you would come. Thank you so much, they were going to cut me open. They want some sort of information I have, but I don’t have it” she told the man. He looked her in the eye and said, “Yes Lawrence, you do have it. Now I need you to remember why your here. Remember why you were in the dark room to begin with. I need you to remember quickly, time is short, they’ll be back soon”. “What do you mean they’ll be back soon?” she asked in a panic. The protector said “Who do you think keeps chasing us Lawrence. It’s them. So I need you to remember how you got in that room now.” “I really don’t know. Why is it so important?” she asked. “If someone is willing to cut your head open to find out something, then it’s probably pretty important Lawrence, wouldn’t you think” he responded. “I guess your right” she said. She tried to remember.

                The ground started to shake below them. “Is it an earthquake?” she asked. “I don’t think so Lawrence. There here” he said. Once again the sky went dark. They could see something in the distance heading for them. It moved with such speed that seemed unreal, as it wasn’t an object or vehicle. Not even a body. It looked like a shadow that was eating away at the light. The air went cold. They could see their own breathe it was so cold.

The shadow stopped in front of them. A collective darkness began to form. It was a figure 15 feet tall, but did not resemble a man. It had a body and head, but no legs or arms. It was a terrifying sight.

The protector grabbed Lawrence and tried to run, but could not. The shadows on the ground were holding both of them down. It was like gravity had quadrupled for that moment. There was so much weight on them. They both sank to the ground, lying down beside each other. “Last chance Lawrence, tell me what I want to know” the shadow figure said. “I don’t know what you want me to tell you” she cried. “Have it your way then” the shadow figure said. The figure’s form started to shrink until it was the size of a baseball bat. It then jumped straight into the protector’s chest. The protector screamed for a moment, but then went silent. A grin came on his face and he started to laugh hysterically. The protector looked at Lawrence with the devils smile. It scared her to death. “Lawrence, I have some bad news for you” the protector began to say. He continued with “It would seem your friend here is dead, and it’s your fault. You could have saved his life is you just told me what I wanted to know. Such a pity...” A knife shaped object began to form in his hand, and he came over to Lawrence. He began to cut her scalp open.

                Later on, and not too far away, a doctor approached a couple as they sat crying in the psychiatric ward lobby. Mr & Mrs. Bennigan, I am sorry to say that your daughter is too far gone. I’ve never treated a case of schizophrenia such as this. The frontal lobotomy is done now, and we can only hope for the best. I suggest you go home and get some rest. I assure you that you don’t need to worry about her right now; she’s been on so much medication these past few days it was like she was in paradise for every moment of it. Come back tomorrow and I’ll let you see her.

title: The Shadow Figure

question: Explain what Lawrence was running from in her dreams?

answer: Lawrence was running away from voices interrogating her, asking her for information that she claimed to not have. She was being threatened with cutting her head open to retrieve the information. She was running with an imaginary protector who warned her she must keep running to prevent being experimented on. In her dream, the voices kill her "protector" and they begin to cut into her scalp. She had been suffering from severe schizophrenia and doctors were performing a lobotomy.


text:
RICHARD “RIP” RAPSON (born March 16, 1952) is an American attorney and philanthropist serving as CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He began his career as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. In 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor and, in 1993, Rapson unsuccessfully ran for mayor to succeed Fraser.

After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy.

Early life and education

Richard “Rip” Rapson[1] was born on March 16, 1952,[2] in Bonn, Germany,[3] to Mary and Ralph Rapson.[4] In 1954, the family moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where Ralph became head the University of Minnesota School of Architecture[5] and a prolific architect in the city.[6] Mary said that their son was nicknamed Rip because he was “kicking and moving” even in the womb.[7] He has a younger brother, Thomas (“Toby”), who also became an architect at their father's architectural firm.[8][9]

At Marshall-University High School, Rip Rapson was a baseball pitcher, played basketball, tennis and learned to play the trumpet.[10] He chose to attend Pomona College in California which he believed had a good tennis team.[11] In 1974, he graduated magna cum laude from Pomona with a bachelor of arts degree in political science.[12]

Career

After college, Rapson was hired by Arvonne Fraser, who ran her husband Donald M. Fraser's offices in Washington, D.C., when he served as a United States Representative from Minnesota.[13] Rapson was a congressional aide from 1974 to 1978 during Fraser's last two terms in the U.S. congress.[14][15] He worked as a liaison between Fraser's Washington office and his local district office in Minneapolis as well as contributing to the writing and passage of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Act of 1978 to protect the Boundary Waters Canoe Area in Minnesota.[16][17]

Rapson then graduated from Columbia Law School with a J.D.[18][19] and joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard. He became a partner at the firm[20][21] and remained there from 1981 to 1988.[22] He also served on the Library Board, the Board of Estimates and Taxation, and the boards of 13 other organizations in the city during that period.[23]

On March 14, 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor, effective April 15, 1989, to succeed Jan Hively. As deputy mayor, Rapson was in charge of liasoning with the Minneapolis City Council.[24] He was also responsible for the creation of a $400 million Neighborhood Revitalization Program and chaired its implementation committee.[25][26]

Rapson ran in the 1993 Minneapolis mayoral elections against Richard Jefferson, a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives, and Sharon Sayles-Belton, president of the city council.[27][28] Rapson relied on a grassroots campaign, receiving only 4% of his funding from political action committees.[29]

After his unsuccessful bid for mayor of Minneapolis, Rapson accepted a senior fellowship at the University of Minnesota.[30] He then served for six years as president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis.[31]

In 2006, Rapson was appointed CEO of the Kresge Foundation, a foundation based in Troy, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.[32] He was responsible for a number of large grant programs made by the foundation including a $100-million grant to bring financial stability to the Detroit Institute of Arts whose art collection was owned by the city when it went bankrupt in 2013 and was being considered for sale to cover the city's debt.[33] Together with Gerald Rosen, a U.S. district court chief judge. and Darren Walker of the Ford Foundation which chipped in another $125 million,[34] Rapson helped organize a “grand bargain” as proposed by Judge Rosen,[35][36] with other contributions from a number of foundations and the state of Michigan, to keep the art collection from being liquidated and help preserve pensions for city retirees, whose retirement funds were also at risk.[37]

[Rapson at the May 2017 opening of the QLine streetcar in Detroit, Michigan] Under his leadership, the foundation contributed $150 million to the implementation of the Detroit Future City plan to revitalize the city[38][39] and also spurred the development of the QLine streetcar project in downtown Detroit.[40][41] Rapson is a founding member on the board of directors of M-1 Rail, a non-profit organization which built, owns, and operates the QLine.[42][43][44] He also serves on the Detroit board of directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.[45] As CEO of the Kresge Foundation, as of 2017, Rapson manages the organization's $3.8 billion in assets and 105 full-time employees.[46]

Personal life

Rapson married Gail Johnson in August 1989.[47] They have two children.[48]

Bibliography

-   -

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

title: Rip Rapson

question: What does the story say about Rapson's career?

answer: Rapson was a congressional aide from 1974 to 1978 when Fraser served as a United States Representative from Minnesota. Rapson worked at Leonard, Street & Deinard from 1981 to 1988, then become Fraser's deputy mayor in 1989. Rapson ran in the 1993 Minneapolis mayoral elections but lost. Then he served for six years as president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis; was appointed CEO of the Kresge Foundation in 2006, is a founding member on the board of directors of M-1 Rail; serves on the Detroit board of directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.

question: What does the story say about Rapson's education?

answer: Rapson graduated from Marshall-University High School where he was a baseball pitcher, played basketball and tennis. Then he graduated magna cum laude from Pomona College in California with a bachelor of arts degree in political science and later from Columbia Law School with a J.D.

question: What does the story say about Rapson's wife?


text:
Edit Story

Aug 27, 2019,11:25am EDT|

[Paul Tassi]

News and opinion about video games, television, movies and the internet.

[The Mandalorian]

The Mandalorian

Disney
Disney unloaded a full barrage of new shows and offerings for Disney Plus this past weekend between new series from Star Wars, Marvel and classic Disney programming like _High School Musical_ and _Lizzie McGuire_.

And yet there’s a bit of news that may give its competition and advantage. According to entertainment writer Eric Vespe, he asked Disney reps if there would be anything R-rated on Disney Plus, and he was told it would be all PG-13 fare instead.

If this pans out, this would be the first streaming service of this size to not have mature-rated content (depending on how you classify CBS All Access, and if Apple goes through with their plan to make "clean" TV shows), and looking over many of the top shows on rival services, that could potentially put Disney Plus at a disadvantage. Netflix has a tremendous amount of original content that is both high quality and mature rated. Off the top of my head, that would include:

-   Mindhunter
-   Orange is the New Black
-   Glow
-   Master of None
-   House of Cards
-   Black Mirror
-   Daredevil
-   The Haunting of Hill House
-   Punisher
-   13 Reasons Why
-   Peaky Blinders
-   Narcos
-   Ozark
-   Altered Carbon

[The Punisher]

The Punisher

Netflix
And many more I’m sure I’m forgetting. On Amazon, that would be arguably the two best series on the service, both very different from one another, yet both R-rated for their own reasons. That would be Emmy-winner The _Marvelous Ms. Maisel_, and superhero outing _The Boys_. Apple has previously talked about wanted to avoid gratuitous sex, violence and swearing in their shows, and has reportedly turned down a few potential programs for this reason. It's not clear whether there will be a full R/TV-MA ban yet or not, but if so, this would make Apple's streaming service like Disney Plus, only without Marvel and Star Wars. So that seems...ill advised.

For Disney, this also means you won’t see anything like R-rated _Logan_ or _Deadpool_ fare on Disney Plus, nor will the “dark and gritty” _Mandalorian_ get _too_ dark, given these limits.

Of course, it isn’t like Disney has _no_ outlet for more mature programming. Disney is pretty much the main overlord of Hulu now, and Eric Vespe was given a hint that harder edge stuff would land there instead. Hulu is no stranger to adult content with shows like _The Handmaid’s Tale_.

[The Handmaid's Tale]

The Handmaid's Tale

Hulu
This is likely why Disney has the Plus/Hulu/ESPN bundle for relatively cheap ($12.99), and yet that’s the ad-supported version of Hulu, so you’re sacrificing that aspect for a bundle that costs so little.

Obviously, Disney has done quite well and produced a lot of quality content sticking with the PG-13 framework for Star Wars and Marvel, though it does seem pretty weird to have an entire streaming service that eliminates even the possibility of any 17+ programming. I get that Disney wants to maintain its family friendly status, and it has Hulu to offload more mature series too, yet it still could be a (much needed) advantage for rivals which are airing shows that Disney Plus simply won’t.

I’m sure that Disney Plus is going to arrive in a strong market position despite this potential restriction, and yet it’s something its competitors should press if they can. I’ve asked Disney for comment about this issue, and will update if I hear back.

UPDATE: Disney has confirmed to me directly that there will be no R-rated or MA-rated fare on Disney Plus.

_FOLLOW ME __ON TWITTER__, __FACEBOOK__ AND __INSTAGRAM__. PRE-ORDER MY NEW SCI-FI NOVEL __HEROKILLER__, AND READ MY FIRST SERIES, __THE EARTHBORN TRILOGY__, WHICH IS ALSO ON __AUDIOBOOK__._

[Paul Tassi]

I write about video games, television, movies and the internet.

-   Print
-   Reprints & Permissions

question: Summarize the consequence(s) of Disney Plus restricting its streaming platform to PG-13 projects only.

answer: Disney Plus has decided not to feature any R-rated series on its platform. This is a step away from other platforms like Netflix which has many R-rated series like Mindhunter, Glow, Master of None, Orange is the New Black, etc. This move by Disney is sure to hand over competitive advantage to other streaming platforms as they vie to snap up high-quality mature content from movie producers. It is safe to say many str4eaming hits contain mature contents, e.g. The Boys, The Marvelous Ms. Maisel, and The Handmaiden's tale. This move is most like to be a disadvantage to Disney but it may be possible that Disney Plus might arrive in a strong market position despite its decision.

question: What are the reasons why Disney bought Hulu?


text:
Blood on the floor, in the sink, on her clothes, down her wrist. She remembered the startling, blinding beauty in the color of red. Red, as bright and shining as an apple that grew on an orchard tree. It glistened in the sun, and sat atop the tallest branch, red and proud, until its mother released it and it fell to the ground, its flesh exploding and its beauty evaporating into the too-cold air.

She was driving down some winding road in the middle of nowhere. The thick boots on her feet kept pressing the pedal harder, out of her control. She felt freer with every inch. She forgot about the aching of her bones against the seat, the throbbing in her wrist, the itch of the caked blood down her arm. She just kept pressing, losing her way down the nameless road and getting lost in the labyrinths of her thoughts.

Kip didn’t like the color red. He liked blue. Their whole fucking house was blue. Blue bedroom, blue kitchen. He had a collection of blue fish that swam around in a blue tank in the living room. When he came into the bathroom and saw the blood on the blue mat, he panicked. He took the razor from her hand. He screamed things like whywouldyoudothis and whodoyouthinkyouare and howdareyou. She had just stared. What was there to say? Between the I-love-you’s and you’re-so-beautiful’s and you’ve-got-so-much-to-live-for’s frantically escaping from his lips, she could taste the sharp edges of the I’m Sorry she knew she was supposed to say.

But this time she was different. She wasn’t sorry at all. It felt good. Bleeding felt good. She wasn’t a baby, she wasn’t a flower, she wasn’t a wife she was herself and she hurt and she wanted to runkickscreamcry. She didn’t want to sit nice-and-quiet in some hospital corner in some dark place on the earth and listen to speeches about the Greatness of Life and that thing they called Self Respect.

She listened to Kip’s screaming as he cleaned the blood with a warm, soft towel. She listened and sat while the blood that was left in her boiled and rushed through her veins, hungry, bored, nervous, excited. His tears were forming a river down his face. Say something, say something. She closed her eyes. He kissed her, gentle, on the lips. The gesture was sweet. She loved him, she needed him. But her mouth remained still. She wondered how cold her lips must have felt beneath the intense hotness of his.

“I love you,” he said. He meant, I can’t help you. Kip got up and left the door open. She listened. She heard the click of the bedroom door, the faint sound of buttons being pressed, his voice talking into the phone. She wasn’t still anymore. Out of the bedroom, past the red, through the doors. No thoughts, just keys. Not driving, just running. Running away.

Still moving, phone on the seat, a thousand calls. That stupid fucking picture lighting up every time Kip dialed her number. Her face looked twisted and deformed when there was a smile painted on it. She looked like a corpse next to Kip, his bright smile and the peaceful look of his eyes closed in laughter.  She imagined him on the other side of the phone, crying and panicking, his fingers shaking as he tried to press the buttons to call her. She kept her foot on the pedal, reached over and picked up the ringing phone. She looked at the screen. KIP, KIP, KIP. Calling, Calling, Calling. She threw the phone out the window, and watched it shatter on the pavement through the rearview mirror.

She thought about the time she first wrote the Note. She was home alone, sixteen or seventeen. The thought had been in her head for a while, but she never actually wrote it. But with no one home, nothing else to do, she sat down and she wrote. It was only a few pages, but it took her hours. She wrote down everything she had ever wanted throughout her life that always felt too long. As time went on, the note changed. Thing were scratched out, new thoughts were added. By the time she was old enough to know how she was supposed to live, she had perfected the Note. It was the perfect length, perfect words. She barely looked at it anymore. She just liked the feeling of knowing it was there. She lived for it.

She felt a bump under her tires. She skidded to a stop. A rabbit lay in the road under the glaring sun, breathing quickly, its little chest rising and falling. Until, it stopped. As she stared at the body, she felt fresh tears slide onto her cheeks. The wetness jolted something in her memory. Her fingers slid from the steering wheel in a slight panic. She watched the rabbit through the rearview mirror. She couldn’t take her eyes off of it, for fear it was true. It wasn’t. She hadn’t left without the Note. She grasped it tightly in her hand, and let it go. She stepped on the gas again and felt the car move. She forgot about the rabbit. She pressed harder on the pedal, but the nightmares still caught up to her.

It seemed like her whole life had been spent inside purple and blacklight walls, drowning in the pulsing beat of fast-paced music. She remembered lonely nights, arms intertwined around shoulders, drinks numbing palms, powder under the nose, through the brain. Every night blurred together. Mornings were often spent naked next to a stranger, or alone on the bathroom floor, surrounded by vomit. She hated the way the men stared at her, her thin self looking more like a skeleton than a human. They were nothing more than drugs to her, an excuse to feel needed. She used them to forget the incessant emptiness inside her. She tried everything and she still felt hollow.

She kept her eyes on the road for what felt like days. It was still sunny. She stopped the car. There was nothing around her. Nothing, except for a few rolling hills covered in golden grass and one bare tree. She turned off the engine and left her car on the side of the road. The air was surprisingly warm. Wasn’t it October? November? She didn’t know anymore. She walked over to the tree, the Note in her hand.

Kip had found it one time. She didn’t hide it well, she had left it under the mattress and he found it when he was cleaning. He had cried then, too. He tried to take it away, he tried to rip it and burn it. She snapped. She had felt a physical pain inside of her when he moved toward the stove to burn her Note. She kicked him. Clawed. Scratched. She had screamed for so long that her throat was raw and bleeding. He let her keep it. But the doctors wouldn’t. They let her have it, for a while. It was the only possession she’d brought with her. But one day, they took it. They went into her room and took her Note. Instead of breaking, she won. She pretended to be nice-and-quiet. She sat pretty in the corners and acted Sane and pretended to eat and Learn.

When they let her go, she wrote a new Note. It was the same as the first, word for word. She hid it in a box under the floor when Kip was home. She hated to be without it. She lived in fear every day that the Note would be taken from her.

Under the tree, she sat. The grass was warm. There were no ants, no beetles, no spiders. She read the Note, over and over. Sometimes it made her laugh, other times she cried. The same words, making her feel every emotion. They just didn’t understand. The doctors, her boyfriend. They couldn’t feel the way she was born to feel. They didn’t know how to hurt, how to love, how to feel loss and hatred and self-loathing like she could. It wasn’t her fault that she was this way.

A steady creaking interrupted her thoughts. Each time there was even the gentlest breeze, the old tree creaked. She looked up, but saw nothing. She stood, clutching the Note and walked around the tree, onetwothreefourfivesix steps, her bones aching from being too close to the ground with not enough fat to protect them. She kept walking around the tree, following the sound. The source was a thick rope tied to one of the tree’s dead branches.

The rope swung with the wind and caused the tree to creak with its weight. Attached to the rope was the stiff corpse of a rotting man. He swayed with the breeze, his eyes never moving. She looked up at the man. His face was twisted with terror and what she thought was regret. He had green eyes, like her, and brown hair, like her. She placed her hand on his swaying foot, the leather shoe cold and worn beneath her skin. She kept it there for a while, entranced by the feeling of something dead. She noticed something in his hand. She had to use both hands to pry his fingers apart. It was a Note. She stared at it, and then looked at her own. They were identical. Wrinkled, worn, smudged. She took the dead man’s note and put it in her pocket. She placed her note in his shoe, sure that someone would find it. She turned to walk back to her car, giving the man a gentle push, so that his body swung freely in the air.

Soon, she’d be home.

title: [MF] Pendulous

question: Summarize the narrator's thoughts as she drove down the winding road to nowhere.

answer:
The narrator remembered the stain of her blood in the sink, down her clothes, and her wrists. She remembered the look on Kip's face as he took the razor from her hand and screamed at her. She was not sorry. She felt good about it and watched as Kip cleaned up the blood with a towel. She glanced at her phone as she drove and noticed several missed calls. She picked up the phone and threw it out of the window.
The narrator remembered the first time she wrote the Note. She remembered how long it took her to write it. She still has it but hasn't looked at it for a while. Still, she felt comforted by the fact that it was there. The narrator recollected Kip finding it once and burning it. She raged, scratched, and screamed. The doctors wouldn't let her keep it so she wrote a new one.

question: What kind of hospital was the narrator taken to?


text:
[Daulat Beg Oldi shown in the northernmost part of Ladakh (1988 CIA map).]

DAULAT BEG OLDI (also Oldie, DBO) is a historic campsite and current military base located in Ladakh, India on an ancient trade route connecting Ladakh to the Tarim Basin. It is named after Sultan Said Khan (Daulat Beg), who died here on his return journey after the invasion of Ladakh and Kashmir. The Chip Chap River flows just to the south of Daulat Beg Oldi from east to west. Daulat Beg Oldi also has one of the world's highest airstrips which is one of India's Advance Landing Ground (ALG), at an altitude of 5,065 meters (16,614 feet).

DBO is connected by 235 km long Darbuk-Shyok-DBO Road to Leh. It is primarily for use by the Indian Military, and off limits to civilians from Shyok onwards.[1]

Location and physical conditions

Daulat Beg Oldi lies near the easternmost point of the Karakoram Range in a cold desert region in the far north of India, just 8 km south of the Chinese border and 9 km northwest of the Aksai Chin Line of Actual Control between China and India. Other than Siachen Glacier military bases, it is India's northernmost settlement. The nearest civilian town is Murgo to the south, which has a small population of Baltis.[2]

The Indian government first announced plans in 2001 to construct a motorable road from Leh to its destination at Daulat Beg Oldi. The road was completed in 2019. The 255-km is Darbuk-Shyok-DBO Road runs at elevations between 4,000–5,000 metres (13,000–16,000 ft). The travel time is said to be six hours.[3]

The temperature plummets as low as -55 C in the winters. The weather deteriorates frequently with strong icy winds lashing much of DBO. DBO has very little if any vegetation or wildlife. Communication is possible only through INMARSAT (satellite) phones.

History

Expedition of Said Khan (Etymology)

[Map including Daulat Beg Oldi (AMS, 1953)] [Map of the expeditions of Sven Hedin (1906-8) including Daulat Beg Oldi (labeled as Daulat Beguldi) (RGS, early 20th century)] [Map including Daulat Beg Oldi (AMS, 1966)] Daulat Beg Oldi literally means “spot where the great and rich man died”[4] in Turki.[5] There are various folklore about whom this refers to—such as the tale about this place being the location where a large caravan was destroyed,[6] or the tale about this place being the burial site of a rich man and his treasure.[7]

According to British colonial-era surgeon Henry Walter Bellew,[8][9] Daulat Baig Oldi means “the lord of the state died here” and the lord refers to early 16th century Sultan Said Khan of the Yarkent Khanate.[10] Said Khan purportedly died at this place while returning to Yarkent from a campaign in Ladakh.[11][12][13] He is sometime mentioned with title of Ghaza for his military expeditions.[14]

The account of this military expedition was recorded by his general Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat, who was the Sultan's first cousin, in the work of history _Tarikh-i-Rashidi_ (تاریخ رشیدی) (_History of Rashid_).[15]

In Autumn of 1531 (Safar 938 AH), the Sultan Said Khan left Yarkand with Haidar and a few thousand men. Upon first time crossing the Karakorum, the Sultan encountered severe altitude sickness, but he managed to recover. In the course of a few months of campaigning, they were able to devastate Nubra Valley. As winter approached, they split forces. The Sultan left for Baltistan; Haidar left for Kashmir. In Baltistan, the Sultan encountered a population of friendly Muslims, but he turned them killing and enslaving them, possibly because they were Shiites which was heretic to orthodox Yarkandi Sunnis. On the way to Kashmir, Haider defeated the Dras near Zoji La. In Kashmir, he and his troops were hosted by the king of Srinagar. In the spring, the two parties met up again in Maryul, the Sultan decided to return to Yarkand, but he instructed Haider to conquer Tibet for Islam before his departure.[16][17]

On his way back to Yarkand in Summer of 1533 (end of 939 AH), the Sultan once again suffered severe altitude sickness. This time he succumbed to his illness near Karakoram Pass. Bellew argues that the location of his death was here at Daulat Beg Oldi. The news of Sultan's death led to a bloody succession which saw the ascension of Abdurashid Khan. Abdurashid Khan recalled the forces in Tibet and exiled Haidar. By then, Haidar had some successes against the Changpa Tibetans of Baryang, but his forces suffered greatly from the altitude and elements. By the time the army returned to Yarkand, of the starting few thousands, less than a dozen were left. The exiled Haidar received the refuge from his maternal aunt in Badakhshan. He eventually joined the ranks of the Mughal Empire where he wrote the _Tarikh-i-Rashidi_.[18][19] [20]

Modern era

The trade route via the Karakoram Pass was used by caravans traveling between Leh and the Tarim Basin. DBO is believed to have been a stopping point for the caravans but not known to have any permanent civilian population. India and China sealed their borders after the 1962 India-China War, ending most of the cross-border trade.

In April 2013, a platoon-sized contingent of the People's Liberation Army established a campsite 30 km southeast of DBO,[21] a location in the Indian military's “DBO sector.” In reference to their own perception of the LAC's location, India initially claimed that the Chinese camp was 10 km on their side, later revising this to a 19 km claim,[22] and claimed that Chinese military helicopters had violated Indian airspace during the incident.[23] In early May, both sides withdrew their units further back.

Advanced Landing Ground

The Indian Army maintains helipads and a gravel airstrip here, the highest airstrip in the world. Routine sorties are carried out using An-32 aircraft to provide relief and supplies to the troops stationed nearby.[24] The base was established during the Sino-Indian conflict in 1962, with the first landing by Squadron Leader C.K.S Raje who set a record for the world's highest aircraft landing at the time. It was operated with American-supplied Fairchild Packets from 1962 to 1966, when it had to be closed down suddenly when an earthquake caused loosening of the surface soil, making the area unsuitable for fixed-wing aircraft.[25] Work was undertaken to make the airfield operational again, and was marked on 31 May 2008, when an Indian Air Force An-32 landed.[26]

The Indian Air Force first landed transports here between 1962 and 1965 and then after a gap for 43 years, the IAF started landing at DBO in 2008. In a significant demonstration of its capabilities, the Indian Air Force landed a C-130J Super Hercules transport aircraft in Daulat Beg Oldie on 20 August 2013, thirty kilometers from where the 2013 Daulat Beg Oldi Incident took place in April 2013. This landing could qualify as a world record for a medium-lift aircraft landing at this altitude.[27][28][29]

India-China Border Meeting point

Daulat Beg Oldi – Tianwendian is the highest of the five officially agreed Border Personnel Meeting points between the Indian Army and the People's Liberation Army of China for regular consultations and interactions between the two armies, which helps in defusing stand-offs.[30] The first meeting at this location was held on August 1, 2015 (PLA Day). The events included a Chinese cultural program and other ceremonies meant to improve relations. Later in the month, India hosted a delegation from the PLA on the occasion of Indian Independence Day and celebrated with traditional songs and dances from Indian culture, Gatka martial arts, and motorcycle acrobatics performed by the Indian Army Corps of Signals.[31] The first ceremonial BPM ever held on New Year's Day was here in 2016.[32]

A meeting hut was constructed approximately a year after the meeting point was opened.[33]

[1] [https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/india-completes-vital-ladakh-road-762332#:~:text=Building%20the%20DS%2DDBO%20section,(SSN)%20by%20the%20military.&text=The%20road%20alignment%20was%20too,and%20had%20got%20washed%20away. India completes vital Ladakh road], The Tribune, 23 April 2019.

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12] : "When his Khan decided to return home because of ill health, leaving Mirza Haidar to destroy “the idol temple of Ursang (i.e. Lhasa)”, he “set out from Maryul in Tibet, for Yarkand”. He “crossed the pass of Sakri”, which must be that above Sakti (not the Kardung pass as Elias and Ross suggest), descended to Nubra and died at a camping place named Daulat Beg Uldi which is two-and-a-half hours below the Karakoram Pass."

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24] {{ cite news|url = http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshowarchive.cms?msid=3088577 | title = IAF Aircraft lands at the highest airstrip in the world| date = 31 May 2008|accessdate = 31 May 2008| work=The Times of India}}

[25]

[26] {{ cite news| url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-05-31/india/27753377_1_air-base-iaf-plans-air-maintenance | title = IAF reopens old air base near China border| date = 31 May 2008| accessdate = 31 May 2008| work=The Times of India}}

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

title: Daulat Beg Oldi

question: What are the physical conditions on Daulat Beg Oldi?

answer: Daulat Beg Oldi is located in a cold desert region in the far north of India. In the winter, the temperature plummets to as low as -55 degrees Celsius. The weather deteriorates frequently with strong icy winds. There is very little vegetation or wildlife.

question: Describe the usage of Daulat Beg Oldi in modern times.

answer:
A base was established by the Indian Army in 1962 during the Sino-Indian conflict. The Indian Army maintains helipads and a gravel airstrip in Daulat Beg Oldi. Routine activities are carried out using An-32 aircraft to provide relief and supplies to troops stationed nearby.

In April 2013, a contingent of the Chinese People's Liberation Army established a campsite 30 kilometers southeast of Daulat Beg Oldi. India claimed that the Chinese camp was 10km on their side, later revising the claim to 19km, as well as claiming that Chinese military helicopters had violated Indian airspace during the incident. A month later, both sides withdrew their units further back.

question: What is the current military usage of Daulat Beg Oldi?

answer: A base was established by the Indian Army in 1962 during the Sino-Indian conflict. The Indian Army maintains helipads and a gravel airstrip in Daulat Beg Oldi. Routine activities are carried out using An-32 aircraft to provide relief and supplies to troops stationed nearby.


text:
By: Thomas Franck / CNBC

One of the market's oldest inflation hedges appears to be in the early stages of a comeback: gold.

As a decade of extraordinary policy unwinds at the Federal Reserve, the yellow metal may appear as an attractive option for investors looking to protect themselves from the eroding effects of inflation.

"We think that it is a good time to own the precious metals," said Chris Gaffney, president of EverBank World Markets. "We are seeing a burgeoning middle class and more disposable income in India and China, which should lead to more physical demand."

"At the same time, the volatility on the equity markets really has people looking at alternative assets that can hold their value in times of market turmoil," he added.

Gold tends to perform best during periods of rising inflation, as investors look to precious metals as a store of value. With a strong economic outlook, market volatility and nascent signs of inflation, the Fed is likely to bump rates multiple times in 2018.

Spot gold held at $1,352.36 an ounce Thursday afternoon, a day after it climbed 1.6 percent in its largest one-day gain since May 2017, while U.S. gold futures traded at $1,355 an ounce, within $30 of a nearly four-year high.

The iShares Gold Trust exchange-traded fund jumped 1.5 percent after a Wednesday report from the Labor Department showed consumer prices rising at a stronger pace.

The consumer price index — which tracks prices in a variety of common consumer goods — rose 0.5 percent last month against projections of a 0.3 percent increase, the Labor Department reported Wednesday. Excluding volatile food and energy prices, the index was up 0.349 percent, it's largest monthly increase since 2005.

But "key" wage data also has investors on edge, added EverBank's Gaffney, who highlighted a recent Labor Department report that showed a surprising rise in wages. That jobs report sparked a widespread equity sell-off, sending the Dow Jones industrial average into correction territory as the yield on the 10-year Treasury note clinched four-year highs.

That, in turn, egged on gold.

[]

"Ultimately, the Fed has reason to be measured with interest rate increases, which will work in gold's favor," wrote CFRA strategist Lindsey Bell. "We see gold as a smart and defensive way to diversify a portfolio in the later innings of a bull market and ahead of what has historically been a volatile year as mid-term elections approach."

To be sure, some portfolio managers aren't as keen on precious metals just yet. Since its peak in 2011 – and despite aggressive quantitative easing by central banks – gold has hemorrhaged value as prices refused to budge. Gold futures remain more than 26 percent below those peak levels.

[]

A common criticism levelled at gold bugs is that gold, unlike other safe assets like Treasurys, don't provide a regular stream of coupon payments or dividends. Gold, in terms of trading, is strictly a play on capital appreciation.

"The problem with gold is it really trades off real interest rates. When real interest rates are low or negative, people like gold. When financial assets have a high real yield, then gold is disadvantaged," said Jack Ablin, chief investment officer at Cresset Wealth Advisors. "If you're concerned about volatility and interest rates are too low, I think gold could be a good diversifier near-term."

"Gold works well for unexpected inflation," he added. "And this is the most widely anticipated inflation I've ever seen."

question: What does the passage say about gold?

answer: Recent trends indicate that gold may appear as an attractive option for investors looking to protect themselves from the eroding effects of inflation. Spot gold was priced at $1352.26 an ounce, and U.S. gold futures traded at $1355 an ounce.

question: Summarize everything related to the consumer price index.

answer: The consumer price index tracks prices of a variety of common consumer goods. It rose 0.5 percent last month.

question: Summarize everything related to interest rates.

answer: According to Jack Ablin, chief investment officer at Cresset Wealth Advisors, when real interest rates are low or negative, people tend to like fold. When financial assets have a high real yield, then gold is disadvantaged.


text:
The ''Constitution Alteration (Parliamentary Terms) '' 1988,[1] was an unsuccessful proposal put to referendum in the 1988 Australian referendum on 3 September 1988. It proposed to alter the Australian constitution so that both the House of Representatives and the Senate would be elected for a term of four years. This involved reducing the terms of the Senate from six years to four years, and increasing the terms of the House of Representatives from three years to four years. It also proposed for the fourth time that Senate and House elections occur simultaneously.

Question

_A Proposed Law: To alter the Constitution to provide for 4 year maximum terms for members of both Houses of the Commonwealth Parliament._

_Do you approve this proposed alteration?_

The proposal was to alter sections of the Constitution to read as follows:[2]

  7. THE SENATE

      The Senate shall be composed of senators for each State, directly chosen by the people of the State, voting, until the Parliament otherwise provides, as one electorate.
      But until the Parliament of the Commonwealth otherwise provides, the Parliament of the State of Queensland, if that State be an Original State, may make laws dividing the State into divisions and determining the number of senators to be chosen for each division, and in the absence of such provision the State shall be one electorate.
      Until the Parliament otherwise provides there shall be six senators for each Original State. The Parliament may make laws increasing or diminishing the number of senators for each State, but so that equal representation of the several Original States shall be maintained and that no Original State shall have less than six senators.
      The senators shall be chosen for a term of six years, and the names of the senators chosen for each State shall be certified by the Governor to the Governor-General.

  9. METHOD OF ELECTION OF SENATORS

      The Parliament of the Commonwealth may make laws prescribing the method of choosing senators, but so that the method shall be uniform for all the States. Subject to any such law, the Parliament of each State may make laws prescribing the method of choosing the senators for that State.
      Times and places

          The Parliament of a State may make laws for determining the times and places of elections of senators for the State.

  12. ISSUE OF WRITS

      The Governor of any State may cause writs to be issued for elections of senators for the State. In case of the dissolution of the Senate the writs shall be issued within ten days from the proclamation of such dissolution. THE WRITS SHALL BE ISSUED WITHIN TEN DAYS FROM THE EXPIRY OF A HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OR FROM THE PROCLAMATION OF A DISSOLUTION THEREOF, BUT SO THAT THE POLLING DAY SHALL BE THE SAME DAY AS THE POLLING DAY FOR THE ELECTION OF MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

  13. ROTATION OF SENATORS

      As soon as may be after the Senate first meets, and after each first meeting of the Senate following a dissolution thereof, the Senate shall divide the senators chosen for each State into two classes, as nearly equal in number as practicable; and the places of the senators of the first class shall become vacant at the expiration of three years, and the places of those of the second class at the expiration of six years, from the beginning of their term of service; and afterwards the places of senators shall become vacant at the expiration of six years from the beginning of their term of service.
      The election to fill vacant places shall be made within one year before the places are to become vacant.
      For the purposes of this section the term of service of a senator shall be taken to begin on the first day of July following the day of his election, except in the cases of the first election and of the election next after any dissolution of the Senate, when it shall be taken to begin on the first day of July preceding the day of his election.

  14. FURTHER PROVISION FOR ROTATION

      Whenever the number of senators for a State is increased or diminished, the Parliament of the Commonwealth may make such provision for the vacating of the places of senators for the State as it deems necessary to maintain regularity in the rotation.

  13. TERMS OF SERVICE OF SENATORS.

      (1) THE TERMS OF SERVICE OF SENATORS EXPIRE UPON THE EXPIRY OR DISSOLUTION OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
      (2) SUBSECTION (1) APPLIES IN RELATION TO THE TERM OF SERVICE OF ANY SENATOR, INCLUDING:

          (A) A SENATOR HOLDING OFFICE AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF THIS SECTION; AND
          (B) A SENATOR CHOSEN OR APPOINTED AFTER THAT COMMENCEMENT IN CONSEQUENCE OF A VACANCY EXISTING AT THAT COMMENCEMENT;

      BUT, IN THE CASE OF A SENATOR APPOINTED BY THE GOVERNOR OF A STATE, THIS SECTION DOES NOT EXTEND THE TERM OF THE APPOINTMENT AFTER THE EXPIRATION OF 20 FOURTEEN DAYS FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE NEXT SESSION OF THE PARLIAMENT OF THE STATE FOLLOWING THE MAKING OF THE APPOINTMENT.

  28. DURATION OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

      Every House of Representatives shall continue for three years FOUR YEARS from the first meeting of the House, and no longer, but may be sooner dissolved by the Governor-General.
      IN RELATION TO A HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WHOSE FIRST MEETING OCCURRED BEFORE THE COMMENCEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION ALTERATION (PARLIAMENTARY TERMS) 1988, THE LAST PRECEDING PARAGRAPH HAS EFFECT AS IF THE REFERENCE TO FOUR YEARS WERE A REFERENCE TO THREE YEARS.

Result

The referendum was not approved by a majority of voters, and a majority of the voters was not achieved in any state.[3][4]

  State                           On rolls    Ballots issued   Yes         %        No          %   Informal
  ------------------------------- ----------- ---------------- ----------- -------- ----------- --- --------------------------------------- ------------------------ ----------------------------------- ---------------------------------- ---------------------------------- -------------------------------- ---------------------------------- -- --------------------------------
  New South Wales                 3,564,856   3,297,246        1,032,621   31.66%   2,228,503       36,122
  Victoria                        2,697,096   2,491,183        886,128     36.20%   1,561,759       43,296
  Queensland                      1,693,247   1,552,293        542,414     35.15%   1,000,124       9,755
  South Australia                 937,974     873,511          229,938     26.76%   629,454         14,119
  Western Australia               926,636     845,209          255,556     30.67%   577,555         12,098
  Tasmania                        302,324     282,785          70,698      25.34%   208,297         3,790
  Australian Capital Territory    166,131     149,128          64,458      43.62%   83,328          1,342
  Northern Territory              74,695      56,370           21,092      38.13%   34,222          1,056 |-bgcolor=#FFE0C0 align=“right”

  : Result [5]

Obtained majority in no State and an overall minority of 3,217,670 votes. _Not carried._

Discussion

This was the fourth unsuccessful referendum that sought to require simultaneous elections of the House of Representatives and the Senate.[6]

-   1974 referendum on simultaneous elections)
-   1977 referendum on simultaneous elections)
-   1984 referendum on terms of senators

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4] Handbook of the 44th Parliament (2014)

[5]

[6]

title: 1988 Australian referendum (Parliamentary Terms)

question: What was the aim of the failed referendum?

answer: It proposed that both the House of Representatives and the Senate be elected for four-year terms.

question: What were the referendum results state-by-state?

answer: It didn't win a majority in any state.

question: What method was suggested for the election of senators?

answer: It allows the Parliament to choose a method as long as it's uniform for all states.

question: How many senators are there?

answer: There are six for each state.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The "Constitution Alteration (Parliamentary Terms)" 1988 was an unsuccessful proposal put to a referendum in 1988 on September 3. It proposed that both the House of Representatives and the Senate be elected for four-year terms. This would've reduced the terms of the Senate from six years to four while increasing those of the Representatives by one year.


text:
ALEXANDER MARTIN (18571946) was a Scottish minister, successively of the Free Church of Scotland (1843–1900), the United Free Church of Scotland and the Church of Scotland. He was Principal of New College, Edinburgh 1918-1935 and one of the architects of the union of the United Free Church of Scotland and the Church of Scotland in 1929. [1]

Life

Alexander Martin was born in Panbride in 1857, the son of the Rev Dr Hugh Martin, the local Free Church of Scotland minister. [2] He contributed to his father's entry in the Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 36. [3]

Martin studied at the University of Edinburgh and New College, Edinburgh.

In 1884 he was ordained to the Morningside congregation of the Free Church of Scotland, Edinburgh.

In 1897 he became Professor of Apologetics and Pastoral Theology in New College, Edinburgh, and succeeded Alexander Whyte as Principal from 1918 in the United Free Church of Scotland which continued till 1935 in the reunited Church of Scotland. During his time at New College, he served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the United Free Church of Scotland twice; in 1920 and 1929. He was appointed Cunningham Lecturer for 1928, and the subject of his lectures was Apologetics. The lectures were published in 1933 with the title _The Finality of Jesus for Faith_. [4]

In 1929 Principal Martin guided the United Free Church of Scotland into union with the Church of Scotland, serving as Moderator of the last General Assembly of the old United Free Church.[5]

He retired from New College in 1935, [6] and died on 14th June 1946. [7]

Family

In 1887 he married Jane Thorburn, the daughter of the Rev Dr Thomas Addis DD, whom he assisted as minister of the Morningside congregation.[8]

Publications

VOLUMES

-   _Winning the Soul. (1896)_
-   _The Finality of Jesus for Faith. (1933)_

PAMPHLETS

-   _Christ the Centre of Christianity. (1883)_
-   _Man's Debt to Man. (1888)_
-   _The Problem of Apologetic. (1897)_
-   _United Free Church Assembly Addresses. (1920)_
-   _Church Union in Scotland: The First Phase. (1923)_
-   _Church Union in Scotland: The First Stage Completed. (1925)_
-   _Church Union: Nearing the Goal. (1928)_
-   _The Re-union of the Scottish Church. (1929)_
-   _Presbyterian Orders and the Admission of Ministers from other Churches. (1941)_ [9]

[1] Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843-1900, William Ewing, Vol. I, 1914.

[2] Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843-1900, William Ewing, Vol. I, 1914.

[3] 1 Hugh Martin, _Dictionary of National Biography_, 1885-1900, Volume 36.

[4] Hugh Watt: _New College Edinburgh: a Centenary History_ (Edinburgh, 1946), P. 260

[5] Hugh Watt: _New College Edinburgh: a Centenary History_ (Edinburgh, 1946), P. 221

[6] Hugh Watt: _New College Edinburgh: a Centenary History_ (Edinburgh, 1946), P. 221

[7] https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/search/archives/b6fc0c9f-79dc-3f82-9978-05ea2056223b

[8] Annals of the Free Church of Scotland, 1843-1900, William Ewing, Vol. I, 1914.

[9] Hugh Watt: _New College Edinburgh: A Centenary History_ (Edinburgh, 1946) P. 221

title: Alexander Martin (Scottish minister)

question: Summarize the life and times of Alexander Martin.

answer: Alexander Martin was a Scottish minister who served the Free Church of Scotland, the United Free Church of Scotland, and the Church of Scotland. He studied at the University of Edinburgh ad was ordained in 1884 to the Free Church of Scotland, Edinburgh. He became Professor of Apologetics and Pastoral Theology in New College, Edinburgh. He also became the Principal of the college from 1918 until 1935. Principal Martin was one of the people who guided the United Free Church of Scotland into union with the Church of Scotland and served as Moderator of the last General Assembly of the old United Free Church of Scotland.

question: What were the reasons why Alexander Martin supported the unification of the United Free Church of Scotland with the Church of Scotland?


text:
PHELPS COUNTY is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 9,188.[1] Its county seat is Holdrege.[2] The county was formed in 1873, and was named for William Phelps (1808–18??), a steamboat captain and early settler.[3][4][5][6]

In the Nebraska license plate system, Phelps County is represented by the prefix 37 (it had the 37th-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).

It is considered part of the Kearney μSA's development and expansion plans.

Geography

Phelps County terrain consists of low rolling hills, mostly devoted to agriculture, sloping to the east, and dropping off toward the river basin along its northern boundary line. The Platte River flows eastward along the north line.[7][8]

The county has a total area of , of which is land and (0.1%) is water.[9]

Major highways

-   [] U.S. Highway 6
-   [] U.S. Highway 34
-   [] U.S. Highway 183
-   [] Nebraska Highway 23

Adjacent counties

-   Kearney County – east
-   Franklin County – southeast
-   Harlan County – south
-   Furnas County – southwest
-   Gosper County – west
-   Dawson County – northwest
-   Buffalo County – northeast

Protected areas

-   Atlanta Marsh National Wildlife Management Area[10]
-   Cottonwood Federal Waterfowl Production Area[11]
-   Johnson Federal Waterfowl Production Area[12]
-   Jones Federal Waterfowl Production Area[13]
-   Lake Seldom Wildlife Refuge[14]
-   Lynder Federal Waterfowl Production Area[15]
-   Richardson Lagoon State Wildlife Management Area[16]
-   Sacramento-Wilcox State Wildlife Management Area[17]

Demographics

As of the 2000 United States Census,[18] there were 9,747 people, 3,844 households, and 2,683 families in the county. The population density was 18 people per square mile (7/km²). There were 4,191 housing units at an average density of 8 per square mile (3/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.79% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.79% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. 2.26% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,844 households, out of which 33.10% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.60% were married couples living together, 5.80% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.20% were non-families. 26.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.00% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00.

The county population contained 26.50% under the age of 18, 6.10% from 18 to 24, 25.80% from 25 to 44, 23.60% from 45 to 64, and 18.10% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.90 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $37,319, and the median income for a family was $44,943. Males had a median income of $28,962 versus $21,741 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,044. About 6.20% of families and 8.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.10% of those under age 18 and 7.70% of those age 65 or over.

Communities

City

-   Holdrege (county seat)

Villages

-   Atlanta
-   Bertrand
-   Funk
-   Loomis

Unincorporated communities

-   Clyde
-   Sacramento
-   Westmark

Townships

-   Anderson
-   Center
-   Cottonwood
-   Divide
-   Garfield
-   Industry-Rock Falls
-   Laird
-   Lake
-   Prairie
-   Sheridan
-   Union
-   Westmark
-   Westside
-   Williamsburg

Politics

Phelps County voters have been reliably Republican for decades. In no national election since 1936 has the county selected the Democratic Party candidate (as of 2016).

  Year                               Republican                                  Democratic                                  Third Parties
  ---------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------- ----------------------------
  style=“text-align:center;” |2016   style=“text-align:center;” |82.0% _3,849_   style=“text-align:center;” |12.2% _572_     5.8% _274_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2012   style=“text-align:center;” |77.6% _3,400_   style=“text-align:center;” |20.1% _880_     2.3% _100_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2008   style=“text-align:center;” |75.1% _3,360_   style=“text-align:center;” |23.5% _1,050_   1.4% _63_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2004   style=“text-align:center;” |81.6% _3,872_   style=“text-align:center;” |17.5% _830_     0.9% _41_
  style=“text-align:center;” |2000   style=“text-align:center;” |77.3% _3,575_   style=“text-align:center;” |20.2% _934_     2.6% _118_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1996   style=“text-align:center;” |65.9% _3,015_   style=“text-align:center;” |23.4% _1,071_   10.8% _492_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1992   style=“text-align:center;” |56.1% _2,752_   style=“text-align:center;” |16.9% _830_     27.0% _1,321_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1988   style=“text-align:center;” |75.6% _3,316_   style=“text-align:center;” |23.9% _1,047_   0.6% _24_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1984   style=“text-align:center;” |83.1% _3,741_   style=“text-align:center;” |16.4% _740_     0.4% _20_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1980   style=“text-align:center;” |78.0% _3,465_   style=“text-align:center;” |16.5% _734_     5.5% _246_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1976   style=“text-align:center;” |71.2% _3,210_   style=“text-align:center;” |25.9% _1,168_   2.9% _131_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1972   style=“text-align:center;” |82.0% _3,356_   style=“text-align:center;” |18.0% _735_     style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1968   style=“text-align:center;” |73.4% _2,976_   style=“text-align:center;” |20.4% _825_     6.3% _254_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1964   style=“text-align:center;” |53.1% _2,440_   style=“text-align:center;” |46.9% _2,153_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1960   style=“text-align:center;” |75.2% _3,795_   style=“text-align:center;” |24.8% _1,252_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1956   style=“text-align:center;” |72.7% _3,502_   style=“text-align:center;” |27.3% _1,313_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1952   style=“text-align:center;” |78.0% _3,822_   style=“text-align:center;” |22.0% _1,079_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1948   style=“text-align:center;” |57.8% _2,489_   style=“text-align:center;” |42.2% _1,815_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1944   style=“text-align:center;” |62.9% _2,460_   style=“text-align:center;” |37.1% _1,451_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1940   style=“text-align:center;” |57.6% _2,512_   style=“text-align:center;” |42.4% _1,847_   style="text-align:center;|
  style=“text-align:center;” |1936   style=“text-align:center;” |42.0% _1,884_   style=“text-align:center;” |57.6% _2,587_   0.4% _19_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1932   style=“text-align:center;” |39.1% _1,709_   style=“text-align:center;” |59.2% _2,589_   1.7% _74_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1928   style=“text-align:center;” |77.6% _3,297_   style=“text-align:center;” |21.8% _927_     0.6% _27_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1924   style=“text-align:center;” |48.9% _1,928_   style=“text-align:center;” |25.2% _993_     25.9% _1,023_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1920   style=“text-align:center;” |61.9% _2,324_   style=“text-align:center;” |31.1% _1,169_   7.0% _261_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1916   style=“text-align:center;” |38.6% _971_     style=“text-align:center;” |56.7% _1,425_   4.7% _119_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1912   style=“text-align:center;” |10.6% _254_     style=“text-align:center;” |40.4% _972_     49.0% _1,179_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1908   style=“text-align:center;” |51.1% _1,445_   style=“text-align:center;” |43.8% _1,238_   5.1% _145_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1904   style=“text-align:center;” |67.9% _1,567_   style=“text-align:center;” |9.5% _219_      22.7% _523_
  style=“text-align:center;” |1900   style=“text-align:center;” |53.3% _1,202_   style=“text-align:center;” |43.4% _979_     3.4% _76_

  : PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION RESULTS[19]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

title: Phelps County, Nebraska

question: What does the article say about the economy of Phelps County?

answer: As of the 2000 United States Census, the median income for a household in the county was $37,319, and the median income for a family was $44,943. The per capita income for the county was $19,044. About 6.20% of families and 8.90% of the population were below the poverty line.

question: What does the article say about the political views of citizens of Phelps County?

answer: They are mostly republicans. As of 2006, in no national election since 1936 has the county selected the Democratic Party candidate.

question: Summarize demographics statistics.

answer: As of 2000, there were 9,747 people, and the racial makeup of the county was 97.79% White, 0.11% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.28% Asian, 0.79% from other races, and 0.75% from two or more races. 2.26% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.00. The median age was 39 years.

question: What does the article say about schools in Phelps County?


text:
GEORG FRIEDRICH HAAS (born 16 August 1953 in Graz, Austria) is an Austrian composer. In a 2017 _Classic Voice_ poll of the greatest works of art music since 2000, pieces by Haas received the most votes (49), and his composition _in vain_ (2000) topped the list.[1]

Education and career

Georg Friedrich Haas grew up in Tschagguns, Vorarlberg and studied composition with Gösta Neuwirth and Iván Erőd and piano with Doris Wolf at the University of Music and Performing Arts Graz, Austria. Since 1978, he has been teaching at the Hochschule as an instructor, and since 1989 as an associate professor in counterpoint, contemporary composition techniques, analysis, and introduction to microtonal music. Haas is a founding member of the Graz composers' collective _Die andere Seite_. He composes in a cottage in Fischbach, Styria.

Haas completed two years of postgraduate studies at the University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna with Friedrich Cerha, participated in the Darmstädter Ferienkurse (1980, 1988 and 1990), and the computer music course at IRCAM (1991). He received a fellowship from the Salzburg Festival (1992–93), was awarded the Sandoz Prize (1992) and a music grant from the National Ministry of Science, Research, and Culture (1995). His works have been on the programs of the following festivals: Wien Modern (Vienna), Musikprotokoll (Graz), Witten, Huddersfield, Royaumont, Venice Biennale, Festival d'Automne (Paris), as well as at the Darmstädter Ferienkurse and the Salzburg Festival 2011. Since 2005, he has lectured at the Hochschule in Basel, Switzerland; since 2013, he has been a professor of composition at Columbia University, New York.

Aesthetics and work

Haas's style recalls that of György Ligeti in its use of micropolyphony, microintervals and the exploitation of the overtone series; he is often characterized as a leading exponent of spectral music. His aesthetics is guided by the idea that music is able “to articulate a human being's emotions and states of the soul in such a way that other human beings can embrace these emotions and states of the soul as their own” (“Emotionen und seelische Zustände von Menschen so zu formulieren, daß sie auch von anderen Menschen als die ihren angenommen werden können”).[2] Thus Haas has disavowed the intellectualism of some strands of the modernist musical avant-garde (such as serialism and deconstructivism). The emotional atmosphere of many of his works is sombre.[3] Haas's operas have been criticized for evoking themes like suffering, illness and death to aesthetic voyeurism: “the piece [Haas's opera _Thomas_ (2013)] comes dangerously close to a kind of palliative care ward tourism.”[4]

In a similar vein, his orchestral works have been compared to film music: “[_Dark dreams_ for symphony orchestra] lets us think of a soundtrack ready-made for a suspense movie” (“lässt aber auch an einen probaten Soundtrack zum Suspense-Streifen denken”).[5]

Haas's opera _Morgen und Abend_, to a libretto by the Norwegian writer Jon Fosse, was jointly commissioned by the Royal Opera House, London, and the Deutsche Oper Berlin. It was premiered on the main stage of the Royal Opera House on 13 November 2015.

Personal life

Haas is the dominant partner in a BDSM relationship with his wife, the American writer, BDSM educator, and actor Mollena Williams-Haas.[6]

Writings and compositions

Haas has published musicological articles on the works of Luigi Nono, Ivan Wyschnegradsky, Alois Hába, Pierre Boulez, and Franz Schubert.

Operas

-   _Adolf Wölfli_, chamber opera (Graz 1981)
-   _Nacht_, chamber opera in 24 scenes; libretto by the composer after texts by Friedrich Hölderlin (concert performance in Bregenz 1996, staged in Bregenz 1998)
-   _Die schöne Wunde_, opera after Franz Kafka, Edgar Allan Poe and others (Bregenz 2003)
-   _Melancholia_, opera in 3 parts; libretto by Jon Fosse after his own novel (Palais Garnier, Paris, 2008)
-   _Bluthaus_, opera in 10 scenes (composed 2010/11); libretto by Klaus Händl; world premiere: April 2011, Schwetzingen Festival; premiere of revised version (45 minutes new music): Kampnagel, Hamburg, June 2014.[7]
-   _Thomas_, opera. Libretto by Klaus Händl; world premiere: May 2013, Schwetzingen Festival
-   _Morgen und Abend_. Libretto Jon Fosse; world premiere: Royal Opera House, 13 November 2015
-   _Koma_. Libretto Klaus Händl; world premiere: Schwetzingen Festival, 27 May 2016
    -   _KOMA_, definitive version. Libretto Klaus Händl; world premiere: Stadttheater Klagenfurt, 28 March 2019

Other works

-   Sextet for 3 violas and 3 cellos (1982)
-   _Drei Hommages für einen Pianisten und zwei im Abstand eines Vierteltons gestimmte Klaviere_ (1985)
-   _...Schatten...durch unausdenkliche Wälder_ for 2 pianos and 2 percussionists (1992)
-   _Descendiendo_ for orchestra (1993)
-   _...._, double concerto for accordion, viola and chamber ensemble (1994)
-   ''...Einklang freier Wesen... ''for various instrumentations, each titled _...aus freier Lust...verbunden..._ (1994)
-   _Nacht-Schatten_ (1994 Bregenz)
-   _Fremde Welten_, concerto for piano and 20 stringed instruments (1997)
-   Concerto for violin and orchestra (1998)
-   String Quartet No.2 (1998)
-   _Nach-ruf...ent-gleitend..._ for ensemble (1999)
-   _Torso_ for large orchestra after the unfinished Piano Sonata in C major, D.840 by Franz Schubert (1999–2000)
-   _in vain_ for 24 instruments (2000/02)
-   _...sodass ich’s hernach mit einem Blick gleichsam wie ein schönes Bild... im Geist übersehe_ (2001)
-   _tria ex uno_ for ensemble (2001–2002)
-   _de terrae fine_ for violin solo (2001)
-   _Blumenstück_ (2001)
-   _flow and friction_ for sixteenth-tone piano 4-hands (2001)
-   String Quartet No.3 _“In iij. Noct”_ (2003)
-   _Natures mortes_ for orchestra and accordion (UA Donaueschingen Festival 2003)
-   String Quartet No.4 (2003)
-   _Opus 68_ for large orchestra after Piano Sonata No.9 by Alexander Scriabin (2004)
-   Concerto for cello and large orchestra (2004)
-   _Haiku_ for baritone and 10 instruments (2005)
-   _Ritual_ for 12 bass drums and 3 wind ensembles (2005)
-   _Sieben Klangräume_ (UA Salzburg 2005)
-   _......._ for viola and 6 voices (2006)
-   _Hyperion_, Konzert für Lichtstimme und Orchester (UA Donaueschingen Festival 2006)
-   _Bruchstück_ for large orchestra (2007)
-   Concerto for piano and orchestra (2007)
-   _Les temps tiraillés_ for 2 violas, bassoon and electronics (2008)
-   Concerto for baritone saxophone and orchestra (2008)
-   _antiphon_ for 2 contrabass clarinets (2008)
-   _... und ..._ for chamber ensemble and electronics (2008–09)
-   _... wie stille brannte das Licht_ for soprano and chamber ensemble (or piano) (2009)
-   _Unheimat_ for 19 string instruments (2009)
-   _Traum in des Sommers Nacht_ for orchestra (2009)
-   _Arthur F. Becker (od. Buhr?)_ for 2 vocal quartets, bass solo, clarinet, percussion and cello (2009)
-   '' La profondeur'' for 13 players (2009)
-   _ATTHIS_ for soprano and 8 instruments (or for 8 instruments) (2009)
-   _fuga_ for 2 violins (2009)
-   _limited approximations_ for 6 micro-tonally tuned pianos and orchestra (2010)
-   _“... damit ... die Geister der Menschen erhellt und ihr Verstand erleuchtet werden ...”_ for ensemble (2010)
-   _AUS.WEG_ for 8 instruments (2010)
-   String Quartet No.6 (2010)
-   String Quartet No.7 (2011)
-   _“Ich suchte, aber ich fand ihn nicht.”_ for ensemble (2011)
-   _Duchcov_ for choir of 44 voices (2011)
-   _chants oubliés_ for chamber orchestra (2011)
-   _SCHWEIGEN_: _Fukushima_ for soprano and lyric soprano, _Lampedusa_ for soprano and mezzo-soprano, _Mlake / Laaken_ for lyric soprano and countertenor (2011)
-   _Tetraedrite_ for orchestra (2011–12)
-   _“... e finisci già?”_ for orchestra (2011–12)
-   _Introduktion und Transsonation_ for 17 instruments and tape (2012)
-   _Dido_ for soprano and string quartet (2012)
-   _Wohin bist du gegangen?_ for choir and 17 instruments (2012)
-   _Anachronism_ for ensemble (2013)
-   _dark dreams_ for orchestra (2013)
-   _nocturno_ for female choir and accordion (or piano) (2013)
-   _Tombeau [Fragmente aus dem Fragment KV 616a]_ for violin, cello and piano (2013)
-   _petit hommage à un grand maître_ for piano (2013)
-   Concerto grosso no. 1 (2013)
-   Concerto grosso no. 2 (2014)
-   _LAIR_ for string quartet (2014)
-   String Quartet No.8 (2014)
-   Saxophone Quartet (2014)
-   _13 Bilder aus der Oper “Die schöne Wunde”_ for 6 voices and chamber orchestra (2014)
-   _I can't breathe_ for trumpet (2015)
-   Octet for 8 trombones (2015)
-   _Zugabe_ for orchestra (2015)
-   _3 Stücke für Mollena_ for choir and chamber orchestra (2015–16)
-   Trombone Concerto (2016)
-   _HYENA_ for solo voice and chamber orchestra (2016)
-   _Release_ for strings, harp and piano (2016)
-   String Quartet No.9 (2016)
-   String Quartet No.10 (2016)
-   Violin concerto no. 2 (2017)
-   _ein kleines symphonisches Gedicht für Wolfgang_ for orchestra (2017)
-   _Blumenwiese 1-3_ for saxophone, piano and percussion (2017–18) - composed for Trio Accanto
-   _catch as catch can_ for clarinet, cello and piano (2018)
-   _equinox_ for clarinet, cello and piano (2018)
-   _im Schatten der Harfen_ for ensemble (2018)
-   _Monolog für Graz_ for speaker and ensemble (2018)
-   String Quartet No.11 (2019)
-   _Hommage à Bridget Riley_ for ensemble (2019)
-   _Konzert für Klangwerk und Orchester_ for solo percussion and orchestra (2019)

[1]

[2] Georg Friedrich Haas, 'These shadows of memory'. Über das Finale des ersten Abschnitts meiner Oper _die schöne Wunde_, in Andreas Dorschel (ed.), _Resonanzen. Vom Erinnern in der Musik_ (Vienna – London – New York: Universal Edition, 2007) (Studien zur Wertungsforschung 47), ,

[3]

[4] Shirley Apthorp, 'Première of Georg Friedrich Haas, _Thomas_, Schwetzingen Festival, Germany', _Financial Times_ (Europe), Tues. 28 May 2013, p. 13

[5] Stefan Musil, 'Musikverein: So dunkel sind die Träume nicht', _Die Presse_ (Vienna), Sun. 9 March 2014, p. 43

[6]

[7] Musik Fest Hamburg, page for premiere of Bluthaus revision

title: Georg Friedrich Haas

question: Summarize the education of Georg Friedrich Haas.

answer: Haas was born in Austria in 1953 and grew up in Tshagguns. He studied music composition with Gosta Neuwirth and Ivan Erod at the University of Music and Performing Arts in Austria. He completed his postgraduate studies at the University of Music and Performing Arts in Vienna. Haas then proceeded to do a computer music course at IRCAM in 1991 and received a fellowship from the Salzburg Festival from 1992 to 1993.

question: Explain Haas' musical philosophy.

answer: George Haas' music has been likened to that of Gyorgy Ligeti in style and use of overtone series. Haas is recognized as one of the leading lights of spectral music where care is taken to allow music to articulate human emotions as closely as possible. The emotional atmosphere of Haas' music is somber and has been maligned as being too sorrowful, provoking themes like death and suffering.

question: What influenced Haas to embrace BDSM?


text:
_ACAENA MICROPHYLLA_, the BIDIBID or PIRIPIRI,[1] and outside New Zealand, NEW ZEALAND-BUR,[2] is a small herbaceous, prostrate perennial flowering plant in the rose family Rosaceae, native to both the North and South Islands of New Zealand.[3] There are two varieties:

-   _Acaena microphylla_ var. _pauciglochidiata_ Bitter[4]
-   _Acaena microphylla_ Hook.f var. _microphylla_[5]

There are no synonyms.[6]

Description

Hooker describes it as “a very small and glabrous species; the leaflets not 1/4 in. long. _Capitula_ very large for the size of the plant, upwards of an inch across, including the spines, which are not barbate, and distinguish it as a species.”[7]

Taxonomy and naming

_Acaena microphylla_ was first formally described in 1852 by Joseph Dalton Hooker.[8][9] The genus name _Acaena_ is derived from the ancient Greek word _akaina_, meaning “thorn” or “spine”,[10] referring to the spiny calyx of many species of _Acaena_. The specific epithet _microphylla_ derives from the Greek words,_mikros_ (small) and _phyllon_ (leaf), to give an adjective meaning “small-leaved”.[11]

Distribution

It is found on both the North Island and South Island of New Zealand.[12]

Conservation status

In 2013, the variety _Acaena microphylla_ var. _pauciglochidiata_ was classified as “At Risk - Naturally Uncommon” under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. By 2018, due to an actual decline, the status changed to “At Risk - Declining”. (The area of occupancy had decreased to 100 km² or less, and the predicted decline was 10 to 50%).[13] However, the variety _Acaena microphylla_ var. _microphylla_ was classified as “Not Threatened” in 2004, 2009 and 2012,[14] and again in 2018.[15]

[1]

[2]

[3]  Plants of the World Online {{!}} Kew Science|website=Plants of the World Online|access-date=2020-01-07}}

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

title: Acaena microphylla

question: What is Acaena Microphylla?

answer: It is a small, herbaceous, perennial plant in the rose family.

question: Where is Acaena Microphylla found?

answer: It is native to the north and south islands of New Zealand.

question: Who first formally found and described Acaena Microphylla?

answer: It was Joseph Dalton Hooker who first formally described the plant in 1852.

question: What is the meaning of Acaena Microphylla's genus name in ancient Greek?

answer: The word "Acaena" in ancient Greek means thorn, referring to the spiny calyx of many Acaena species.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer:
Acaena Microphylla is a perennial flowering plant that is native to the north and south of New Zealand islands. There are two varieties of the plant.

Joseph Dalton Hooker was the first to formally describe Acaena Microphylla in 1852. The genus name, Acaena, means "thorn" in ancient Greek, referring to the spiny feature of the species.


text:
It was past time his brother had to arrive. She raised a bold hand, waved it all around the
place, and went for tea cup on the table. She took a long sip; it was green tee, from the Himalayas,
the species of it softened by a sprinkle of sugar and milk. She thought the flavour to be marvellous.
How had her brother got it? From whom? Questions such as these would´ve pestered her calm
mood years ago.
She moved throughout the corridors, stumbling upon almost everything in her way, until she
found the iron hinge of the door. She twisted it and tested movements of one motion and such
other until she unlocked the door. I would give him a punch if it were only for me. She thought
bitterly. She took some steps after the door, and found herself hitting her head with another thing
“Damn you!” She screamed on a helpless, empty handed rage, while she punched the lamppost.
Some boys were looking, and when she started to wound herself, they gasped and muttered to
each other in fear; she recognized this, and sullenly stopped. Her brother had not appeared yet, so
she stared to say in a voice low as a whisper, scarcely hearable, “Tom, Tom, where are you?”
She went on and on with her cry of help, raising her voice a little louder and a little louder with each
time she said the sentence. “Tom, Tom, come home, for once and for all.” She started to walk, and
her speaking became screaming. “Tom, Tom, I need something of you, come, for god´s sake” Now
she walked in a forward line, and she hear the boys speaking a foreign language, screaming at her.
She calmed herself, and collapsed onto the ground. It was rocky, alike the grass of her yard.
Then, she heard the boys’ screams again, and understood them. “Careful, careful, careful, careful”
The voices started to fade away, as a new sound drowned them; the sound of wheels spinning
and machines hitting and moving.
A few seconds as long as hours passed, and she was lying under a car, her blind eyes seeing
nothing, and a river of blood erupting from her chest and legs.

title: [RF] My first story

question: Who is the narrator referring to when they say they would give "him" a punch?

answer: They are referring to Tom

question: Who is Tom?

answer: Tom is the woman's brother.

question: Where does this story take place?

answer: That information can't be found, but it seems it may take place in a large house.

question: What voices are starting to fade away?

answer: The voices of the boys who are screaming at the woman to be careful.

question: Why hadn't her brother appeared yet?

answer: That information can't be found.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: It's past the time for when Tom is supposed to arrive home to his sister. The sister starts to look for Tom, but ends up being hit by a car.