text:
Jay Rock’s music is consumed by his struggles; he wrestles with the granular details of street life and gangbanging. His clear-eyed accounts of surviving in the California ghettos are far from glamorous. “Struggle” is an operative word in the retelling of his story. When asked why he was the first artist to get signed by Top Dawg CEO Anthony Tiffith, he responded, “Me and him, we come from the same neighborhood; we come from the same _struggle_,” therein lying an unspoken bond. On the opener to his 2015 album, _90059_, he rapped, “The struggle is real/You gotta do what you got to just to get over the hill,” over and over. In a bit of irony, Rock is the least heralded member of the Top Dawg crew, despite being the cornerstone upon which the empire was built. He toiled and fought and stumbled so those that followed could win Pulitzers. _Redemption_, his battle-tested and watchful third album, bears those bruises with pride, the way a soldier might be proud of their service record. All Jay Rock albums champion survival, but after a near-death experience, he finds new power in persistence.

In 2016, Jay Rock was involved in a debilitating, near-fatal motorcycle crash that left him with a broken leg and a cracked pelvis. He was flipped off his bike doing wheelies the same night he was supposed to attend the Grammys with Kendrick Lamar. The experience was humbling for the Watts rapper, who now has screws holding his body together. In the interim, he became uninspired and depressed, trapped in a death spiral. On _Redemption_’s “The Bloodiest,” he presents the accident as karma for years of robbing and dealing, the universe taking from him just as he took from others: “Flipped off that bitch, milly rockin’ the wheel/Two hundred thousand in the bank, straight to hospital bills.” _Redemption_, co-executive produced by Kendrick and TDE President Dave Free, is about Rock getting a second chance at life, a new opportunity to show his pedigree, and about seeking a sort of absolution. The album traces his path from hood survivalist to indie darling of modest means to TDE dark horse and crash survivor, in search of even greater heights.

Rock is obsessed with winning at any cost, even if simply by association. “I’m just part of a winning family, call me Marlon Jackson,” he raps on “Broke +-.” Over the course of the album, he comes to recognize something: if cheating death is its own victory, then navigating life’s challenges can present little triumphs, too. In his raps, Jay Rock can come off as a reclusive hard-liner with a remarkable storyteller’s acumen and an internal logic that always feels sound. Few gangsta rappers are better at illustrating just how limited their options were and how undaunted they had to be to overcome them.

On “For What It’s Worth,” Rock runs scenarios through his mind as a small-time rapper still hustling on the side. His decisions are carefully considered and well reasoned for someone stuck in a no-win situation: “I can’t have my babies walkin’ around in projects/While I’m on my bunk stressin’ through the process/I’d rather be a prospect, you know, God-like/But for now, many Tec’s: This is my life.” He surveys the Nickerson Gardens projects he grew up in on “ES Tales” with crisp, cold chronicling. On “OSOM,” J.Cole draws him into an even more introspective place: remembering his rocky rise with marked insight (“This system’ll give it to you when you gettin’ to it”). It took all those wounds to make him this formidable. Rarely has his writing about struggle been this painless in its execution, even as he expands his range. Celebration is a means of surviving, too, and there are a few songs on _Redemption_ that revel in self-medicating as a way to escape, namely “Tap Out” and “Rotation 112th,” in turn producing some of the most ambitious and enjoyable music in his catalog.

Jay Rock’s _Redemption_ was forced to compete with albums from rap legends upon release: a comeback from Nas entirely produced by Kanye West after a six-year hiatus and a surprise project from JAY-Z and Beyoncé. This record could easily be swept away by event albums and the conversations surrounding them. But the Jay Rock story amounts to more than a first-week sales total or a chart slot; his legacy brings to mind a Jay lyric from _Everything Is Love_: “Over here we measure success by how many people successful next to you.” In the “WIN” video, there’s a scene where the entire TDE roster is at Jay Rock’s back, standing with him. Listening to _Redemption_, it’s clear Rock knows exactly what he’s accomplished. Their wins were born of his struggle.

question: Discuss some of the challenges that Jay Rock experienced.

answer: As a rapper, Jay Rock had to deal with the hardships of life on the streets. It was only by committing crimes that he was able to survive. On the night of the Grammy's in 2016, he was involved in a motorcycle accident that resulted in a broken leg and a fractured pelvis. He was humbled by the event and spiraled into a life of sadness, lack of inspiration, and hopelessness. In a rap song from his album Redemption, he detailed the story of his car accident as retribution for all the crimes he had committed in the past. In Rock's mind, the universe was punishing him for what he had taken from others and the drugs he sold. There's a sense of redemption in the record, as Rock is looking for a fresh start and a chance to show off his ancestry.

question: What does the text say about Jay-Z's new album?


split: test

text:
Seven years have passed since Land Motorsport left VLN. Once highly accomplished competitors on the Nürburgring, the vacuum they left was quickly filled by world-class teams, new faces and old heroes. Continuing on winning many more prizes in Porsche one-make championships in the years after, Land never slowed down. The Nordschleife, however, was where they belonged, the team was always missed. Last winter the team from Niederdreisbach made the long-awaited announced of their return. Returning meant coming back to win, so nothing was left to chance: A heavy-hearted switch from long-time partner Porsche to the new Audi R8 LMS GT3 brought the team into a new era. A dual ADAC GT and VLN program was strengthened with Audi powerhouse Christopher Mies and rising star Connor De Phillippi. All that was still missing was that first win for the reinvigorated team. That win finally came in the pouring rain of the 47. Adenauer ADAC Deutsche Payment-Trophy, the fourth VLN race of the season.

Underwhelmed and disappointed Land left the 24 Hours of the Nürburgring. Audi was never a factor in the season highlight and an error early in the morning by a fellow Audi competitor left the Land Audi irreparably damaged. This was not how anyone imagined Land’s return to the Nordschleife to go.

Looking for redemption, the crew of Wolfgang Land went back to the Ring for VLN4, teaming De Phillippi up with Mies for the ADAC GT championship leaders’ first race together on the Nürburgring.

[_GB_5307 copy]

Come Saturday morning, the track is wet and the surface slippery. It’s been raining all night and it’s not letting up when training gets underway. Several drivers return to the pits after a couple of laps out in the rain and fog, reporting to their teams that circumstances are extremely dangerous. Aware but unfazed, Connor De Phillippi goes out early for a fast lap to make the most out of the worsening conditions, setting the fastest lap of the session and claiming pole position.

The charge for the first corner is won by De Phillippi. It’s his first-ever start on the Nürburgring in a GT3 and even in the pouring rain no one’s a match for the young American. The first two laps are all his, but braking for the first turn of the third lap, he overshoots his braking point and loses the lead to Sebastian Asch in the Zakspeed Mercedes-AMG GT3.

“There was a lot of water,” the former Porsche Junior protégé explains his mistake. “I broke too late into the first corner and the Mercedes could overtake me.”

It won’t be his only mistake in these tough conditions today.

“The beginning, the first two laps, was good, but then the conditions got very tricky with a lot of water,” he continues. “Then I made a mistake in Metzgesfeld where we slightly touched the barrier, but I was able to continue.”

In the following laps the Frikadelli Porsche of Patrick Huisman appears right behind him, trying his hardest to overtake the Audi. Seeing an opportunity at the entrance to Brünnchen, the Dutchman tries to put his car next to De Phillippi’s.

“Then the Frikadelli Porsche hit me and I had contact with the barrier. But the car, again, was OK, Audi has built a very strong car.”

[_GB_5578 copy]

While the Land Audi continues its way without any more than cosmetic damage, Huisman loses costly time as he tries to point his car back into the right direction. Like many others today, the squad from Barweiler is hampered by spins and trackside excursions.

The first stint has come to an end. If Land is going to win today, they need to do better than this. Applying the lessons learned in the first stint, De Phillippi goes back out to hunt down the leaders through the rain and fog of the Eifel course.

“We didn’t do the best job in the first stint,” says De Phillippi, who is assigned to do the first two of three stints. “I made too many mistakes, and we could have done a little bit better with the car. We learned from this and made some changes for the second stint. That’s where we were very strong. My pace in the second stint was normally five seconds or more quicker than the leading Mercedes and I was able to [reduce] the gap to Asch [by] about twenty seconds.”

The water thrown up by cars up ahead causes De Phillippi to be racing in the blind, only guided by the lights of cars in front and the white lines at the edge of the track in the corner of his focussed eyes. Although the conditions are as bad as they’ve been all day, there are no more mistakes and Asch is slowly but surely being reeled back in.

Zakspeed, unlike Land, went home after the 24 Hours of the Nürburgring filled with pride. The team from nearby Niederzissen finished the twice around the clock in sixth place, the best of the privateers. With many of the usual VLN frontrunners in France for the Blancpain GT Series Endurance Cup, the usual drop in GT3 teams after the 24 Hours, and the competitive Pro-Am duo of Manuel Metzger and Gerwin Schuring absent after their Black Falcon Mercedes-AMG GT3 was retired in qualifying with a broken gearbox, today could be Sebastian Asch and Kenneth Heyer’s day to shine.

[_GB_6359 copy]

Before that, there’s one more obstacle to overcome, and it’s a tough one. Its name: Christopher Mies. Having watched his teammate pick himself back up and get back into contention, the final hour is for Mies. It’s now up to the reigning Australian GT champion to bring the fight to Zakspeed and take the win. Three laps later Asch comes into the pits to hand over the AMG to Heyer. From there on out, Mies is unstoppable. Lapping half a minute faster than Heyer, Mies gets to the back of his fellow German four laps before the end. Heyer has nothing on Mies. Racing on the wet Nordschleife is a situation he has no experience with. He knew Mies would go by sooner or later. Going into Adenauer Forst, Mies makes a clean pass for the lead.

It’s not over yet, however. Uncertain if a final splash-and-dash is needed, Mies keeps pushing to extent the gap and insure that if the call comes, it won’t lose him the lead. But it doesn’t come. With enough fuel left and an advantage of over two minutes, Land returns to the highest step on the VLN podium.

“For us, this is big, what we did today,” Christian Land, the team’s technical director and son of founder Wolfgang Land, says while celebrating the win. “It’s the first year of our return in VLN, with the new Audi, new drivers, and it’s absolutely amazing what the guys did today.”

Losing long-time partner Porsche in favour of what is arguably the best GT3 manufacturer in the world, wasn’t an easy decision to make.

Christian Land explains: “Last winter we sad together with our sponsor [to look at 2016]. For us it was a big step to cancel the deal with Porsche and come to Audi. I must say, it was all great what we had [for the 24 Hours of the Nürburgring], with all the Audi guys. Thanks to the whole Audi customer sports team, it was amazing to work together with these guys.

“It’s one of the best GT3 cars in the world and that’s why we made the step.”

[_MG_8500 copy]

“I’m over the moon,” Connor De Phillippi adds. “It’s a really special feeling to have a first win on the Nordschleife. I think I am the third American ever to win an overall race here, so that is also quite cool, to put my name along the likes of Patrick Long for example. To be a single piece of the puzzle of Wolfgang [Land] and the team’s twentieth victory here makes for a very special day.”

Coming in behind Zakspeed is the Falken Motorsports Porsche 991 GT3R of Wolf Henzler and Martin Ragginger. The German-Austrian duo stays out of trouble and spends the afternoon somewhat anonymously driving behind the fight for the lead and in front of the rest of the field, picking up third place after a late-race spin by Frikadelli Racing.

Frikadelli is back at the front after disastrous races earlier in the season. Blaming the Balance of Performance for their lack of pace, team owner Klaus Abbelen even decided to sit out the third VLN race. Not everything goes perfectly today either, though. After working his way up into second place in the opening laps, Patrick Huisman spins the Porsche around before he resumes his way, several places down. Meeting a fiercely defending De Phillippi at Brünnchen, the two collide sending Huisman towards the barrier. Anything is still possible in these treacherous conditions, Huisman knows, so he starts pushing to make up lost ground before Norbert Siedler gets in for his stint. Before the race reaches the halfway mark, Frikadelli is already back in third place. The final stint is for Sabine Schmitz. Third place looks settled, until she loses control at Eiskurve and slides off track. More time is lost when the GT3R initially refuses to reverse away from the guardrail, leaving Frikadelli with fourth place at the finish.

[_GB_5929 copy]

While the battle for the outright win is exciting, the smaller cars fighting for the honours of best non-GT3 is one to remember as well. For a long time the old Raceunion Teichmann Racing Porsche 911 GT3 Cup, entered in the H4 class for historic cars, challenges the GT3s on aggregate time. Nordschleife specialist Christian Menzel takes the start from pole position in the second starting group, finding conditions on track in which the German is at the top of his game. In the rain, Menzel sets faster lap times than anyone else at that point in the race, faster even than the starters in the first group can manage, as he works his way up into the top of the timing charts.

In the end, however, two familiar names move the RTR Porsche down into seventh place. It’s Tim Scheerbarth and Alex Toril, doing what they do best: Mingle with the big GT3s and win the SP7 class in their Black Falcon Porsche 991 GT3 Cup BF.

Talk after the race is all about Land Motorsport’s twentieth VLN victory. It’s been a long time coming. If it’s up to Christian Land, number twenty-one won’t take another seven years.

“After every race we work and we’ll have a bit more speed from race to race. We’re working hard on that every week and we will win more races this year.”

[_GB_6145 copy]

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question: What does the text say about where the article is published?

answer: The article is published to the GT Report, which is funded (at least in part) by reader donations.

question: What does the text say about oil prices?

question: What does the text say about used cars?


text:
In game theory, the TRAVELER'S DILEMMA (sometimes abbreviated TD) is a non-zero-sum game in which each player proposes a payoff. The lower of the two proposals wins; the lowball player receives the lowball payoff plus a small bonus, and the highball player receives the same lowball payoff, minus a small penalty. Surprisingly, the Nash equilibrium is for both players to aggressively lowball. The traveler's dilemma is notable in that naive play appears to outperform the Nash equilibrium; this apparent paradox also appears in the centipede game and the finitely-iterated prisoner's dilemma.

Formulation

The original game scenario was formulated in 1994 by Kaushik Basu and goes as follows:[1][2]

“An airline loses two suitcases belonging to two different travelers. Both suitcases happen to be identical and contain identical antiques. An airline manager tasked to settle the claims of both travelers explains that the airline is liable for a maximum of $100 per suitcase—he is unable to find out directly the price of the antiques.”

“To determine an honest appraised value of the antiques, the manager separates both travelers so they can't confer, and asks them to write down the amount of their value at no less than $2 and no larger than $100. He also tells them that if both write down the same number, he will treat that number as the true dollar value of both suitcases and reimburse both travelers that amount. However, if one writes down a smaller number than the other, this smaller number will be taken as the true dollar value, and both travelers will receive that amount along with a bonus/malus: $2 extra will be paid to the traveler who wrote down the lower value and a $2 deduction will be taken from the person who wrote down the higher amount. The challenge is: what strategy should both travelers follow to decide the value they should write down?”

The two players attempt to maximize their own payoff, without any concern for the other player's payoff.

Analysis

One might expect a traveler's optimum choice to be $100; that is, the traveler values the antiques at the airline manager's maximum allowed price. Remarkably, and, to many, counter-intuitively, the Nash equilibrium solution is in fact just $2; that is, the traveler values the antiques at the airline manager's _minimum_ allowed price.

For an understanding of why $2 is the Nash equilibrium consider the following proof:

-   Alice, having lost her antiques, is asked their value. Alice's first thought is to quote $100, the maximum permissible value.
-   On reflection, though, she realizes that her fellow traveler, Bob, might also quote $100. And so Alice changes her mind, and decides to quote $99, which, if Bob quotes $100, will pay $101.
-   But Bob, being in an identical position to Alice, might also think of quoting $99. And so Alice changes her mind, and decides to quote $98, which, if Bob quotes $99, will pay $100. This is greater than the $99 Alice would receive if both she and Bob quoted $99.
-   This cycle of thought continues, until Alice finally decides to quote just $2—the minimum permissible price.

Another proof goes as follows:

-   If Alice only wants to maximize her own payoff, choosing $99 trumps choosing $100. If Bob chooses any dollar value 2–98 inclusive, $99 and $100 give equal payoffs; if Bob chooses $99 or $100, choosing $99 nets Alice an extra dollar.
-   A similar line of reasoning shows that choosing $98 is always better for Alice than choosing $99. The only situation where choosing $99 would give a higher payoff than choosing $98 is if Bob chooses $100—but if Bob is only seeking to maximize his own profit, he will always choose $99 instead of $100.
-   This line of reasoning can be applied to _all_ of Alice's whole-dollar options until she finally reaches $2, the lowest price.

Experimental results

The ($2, $2) outcome in this instance is the Nash equilibrium of the game. By definition this means that if your opponent chooses this Nash equilibrium value then your best choice is that Nash equilibrium value of $2. This will not be the optimum choice if there is a chance of your opponent choosing a higher value than $2.[3] When the game is played experimentally, most participants select a value higher than the Nash equilibrium and closer to $100 (corresponding to the Pareto optimal solution). More precisely, the Nash equilibrium strategy solution proved to be a bad predictor of people's behavior in a traveler's dilemma with small bonus/malus and a rather good predictor if the bonus/malus parameter was big.[4]

Furthermore, the travelers are rewarded by deviating strongly from the Nash equilibrium in the game and obtain much higher rewards than would be realized with the purely rational strategy. These experiments (and others, such as focal points) show that the majority of people do not use purely rational strategies, but the strategies they do use are demonstrably optimal. This paradox could reduce the value of pure game theory analysis, but could also point to the benefit of an expanded reasoning that understands how it can be quite rational to make non-rational choices, at least in the context of games that have players that can be counted on to not play “rationally.” For instance, Capraro has proposed a model where humans do not act a priori as single agents but they forecast how the game would be played if they formed coalitions and then they act so as to maximize the forecast. His model fits the experimental data on the Traveler's dilemma and similar games quite well.[5] Recently, the traveler's dilemma was tested with decision undertaken in groups rather than individually, in order to test the assumption that groups decisions are more rational, delivering the message that, usually, two heads are better than one.[6] Experimental findings show that groups are always more rational – i.e. their claims are closer to the Nash equilibrium - and more sensitive to the size of the bonus/malus.[7]

Some players appear to pursue a Bayesian Nash equilibrium.[8][9]

Similar games

The traveler's dilemma can be framed as a finitely repeated prisoner's dilemma.[10][11] Similar paradoxes are attributed to the centipede game and to the p-beauty contest game[12] (or more specifically, “Guess 2/3 of the average”). One variation of the original traveler's dilemma in which both travelers are offered only two integer choices, $2 or $3, is identical mathematically to the standard non-iterated Prisoner's dilemma and thus the traveler's dilemma can be viewed as an extension of prisoner's dilemma. These games tend to involve deep iterative deletion of dominated strategies in order to demonstrate the Nash equilibrium, and tend to lead to experimental results that deviate markedly from classical game-theoretical predictions.

Payoff matrix

The canonical payoff matrix is shown below (if only integer inputs are taken into account):

  ----- ---------- --------- --------- -------- --- ------ ------
        100        99        98        97       ⋯   3      2
  100   100, 100   97, 101   96, 100   95, 99   ⋯   1, 5   0, 4
  99    101, 97    99, 99    96, 100   95, 99   ⋯   1, 5   0, 4
  98    100, 96    100, 96   98, 98    95, 99   ⋯   1, 5   0, 4
  97    99, 95     99, 95    99, 95    97, 97   ⋯   1, 5   0, 4
  ⋮     ⋮          ⋮         ⋮         ⋮        ⋱   ⋮      ⋮
  3     5, 1       5, 1      5, 1      5, 1     ⋯   3, 3   0, 4
  2     4, 0       4, 0      4, 0      4, 0     ⋯   4, 0   2, 2
  ----- ---------- --------- --------- -------- --- ------ ------

  : Canonical TD payoff matrix

Denoting by S = {2, ..., 100} the set of strategies available to both players and by F : S × S → ℝ the payoff function of one of them we can write

$$F(x,y) = \min(x,y) + 2\cdot\sgn(y-x)$$
 (Note that the other player receives F(y, x) since the game is quantitatively symmetric).

[1] Kaushik Basu, “The Traveler's Dilemma: Paradoxes of Rationality in Game Theory”; _American Economic Review_, Vol. 84, No. 2, pp. 391–395; May 1994.

[2] Kaushik Basu,“The Traveler's Dilemma”; _Scientific American_, June 2007

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8] Becker, T., Carter, M., & Naeve, J. (2005). Experts Playing the Traveler's Dilemma (No. 252/2005). Department of Economics, University of Hohenheim, Germany.

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

title: Traveler's dilemma

question: What does the text say about the prisoner's dilemma?

answer: It describes it as 'finitely-iterated' and containing the same paradox as the traveler's dilemma and the centipede game. The paradox is that naive play outperforms the Nash equilibrium. Versions of the traveler's dilemma can be viewed as extensions of the prisoner's dilemma.

question: What does the text say about publications on the subject?

answer: Kaushik Basu published an article in the American Economic Review in 1994 titled, “The Traveler's Dilemma: Paradoxes of Rationality in Game Theory”. In 2007, Basu published "The Traveler's Dilemma" in the Scientific American. Becker, Carter, and Naeve published the title "Experts Playing the Traveler's Dilemma" in 2005.


text:
Chapter 1: The Rules, Rankings and Responsibilities

Finally God allows me to tell my tale. First off, I am an angel. It takes centuries to become a Dream Guardian. You need to understand more than what several lifetimes can teach you.¬ Demons have no rules and no pattern just like nightmares. I do not deal with demons any more but that is for another tale.

Dream Guardians are still angels and we have rules while our enemies do not. Rules are in place for YOUR protection not ours I mean, it’s not like we can die but you can. Our rules are more guidelines and can be broken as we see fit. Firstly, do not show yourself unless absolutely necessary. You know that feeling you get when you feel calm even though you see something that would usually scare you during sleep paralysis? That is something we can do but it isn’t the best choice if you are in danger. We can’t attack during this. Secondly, only put people into a state of sleep paralysis if you are in danger in your sleep and you can’t break free from being held or touched in any way from a monster. Putting you in a state of paralysis is a last resort but buys us a few seconds as they have to re-enter your “sanctuary”. And lastly, we are invisible by choice. We need to wake you before they touch you. Everyone isn't the same to wake up so we don’t know how hard it will be. We try to fight them as you sleep. Those nightmares you have but wake up and can’t remember? We showed ourselves to fight which erases the dream altogether.

Everybody has a different imagination and fear so we have no idea what we are fighting. This is why we are the top angels in heaven. Demons don’t change, their motives do. And we don’t have wings by the way. We can fly but we look like we did back in the mortal world.

People we do not manage to save die, or more commonly known, “bed death” or “cot death”. Some missions will never leave your memory. The hardest part is seeing them at the pearl gates and explaining what happened. As a sign of respect we take 6 earth months off to look over the family and help them through. Very rarely God allows us to project dreams of lost ones into the affected peoples dream so they can say goodbye properly. It is something every Guardian Angel has been through yet it does not get any easier. Imagine kissing your child goodnight and without knowing goodbye too. They sleep in perfect health in their favourite pyjamas wrapped in their blanket with their scent on it. Waiting, excited or any other emotion for tomorrow to inevitably come. But it never does, it never will. The night takes a toll and by morning they are gone. You watch as the first person who tries to wake them start being concerned and then begin to shake. Full denial until they feel their pulse. They break down with their uniform still in hand ready to get them changed for school and just as their knees grow weak they fall to the ground screaming uncontrollably as the rest of the family come running in realising what has happened and no one has anything to say but cry and ask God why. The ambulance comes and declares the rough time of death as you watch helplessly knowing this is your fault and you can’t say sorry. The rest of the day is carried out with the family being closer than they ever have been. People offering their condolences but nothing in the world can make them better than to bring the child back. But nothing can bring them back. And the worst part? The worst part is when they kiss them goodbye and say “I love you” as tears helplessly run down their face. The pain is unimaginable.

Children are the hardest to save, their imaginations are a lot wilder and they don’t understand how one minute they can be hugging their parents and the next minute an unknown figure is holding them tight crushing them. They are too weak and confused and just before they draw a last breath they are in a sleep paralysis. The one DAMN THING I can rely on usually and I only make them more helpless as not all children understand that the bedroom is the safest place so they don’t have a sanctuary yet and the monster is already on top of them choking them before I can wake them. PLEASE make your children understand they are safe in their bedroom. I can’t describe the feeling of fear and sickness I get when I realise a child does not feel safe where they sleep. And yes this is one of many true stories. He was 5. He was the energy of the family and all they can do is look at photos. Just by smiling he would light up any of their days. He was kind and gentle and too young to understand why he left his family behind. You know, people cry in heaven too.

His safest place was in the living room on the carpet with his toys. That is no good to me. Not when he sleeps in his bed. I watched as a small coffin, much smaller than it should ever be for anyone get carried to a grave. I stood by the gravestone crying too. I remembered as I seen the fear in his eyes as I made him experience his first paralysis and last. His last words will haunt me from now to eternity… “Please save me I don’t want to go”.

title: [FN] Dream Guardians: A Never-Ending Battle (intro to my story I am working on)

question: Why is it important for children to know that their bedrooms are safe?

answer: The guardian angles find it easier to protect children when they feel safe in their bedrooms.

question: Why can the guardian angels not protect people in their beds when they feel safer sleeping elsewhere?

answer: Perhaps when people feel safe they don't dream of monsters.

question: Why does it take centuries to become a Dream Guardian?

answer: The amount of understanding that you have to gather takes centuries of experience and learning.

question: Why do the Dream Guardians put you into a state of paralysis

answer: It buys them time because the demons must leave and then re-enter your sanctuary

question: Write a ~10 sentence summary.

answer:
The narrator is an angel and God has allowed her to tell her tale. She’s a dream angel. She fights the demons that come to people by way of nightmares.

When you can’t remember a dream, it is quite possible that a dream angel has erased it because it may not be seen.

If the dream angel can’t save you from the nightmarish demons you will die in your sleep. When this happens, as a sign of respect, the dream angels take six months to watch over your family.

Children are the hardest to save because they have wild imaginations. Children must understand that the bedroom is the safest place as fear lets the monsters in.
For a dream angel, the emotional effect of losing a human is enormous. They’ll watch the parent kiss a child goodnight and goodbye and then they see a family member enter the bedroom in the morning and realize that the child is gone forever.


text:
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Medieval Bavarian skulls on the left and in the middle show signs of deformation; the one on the right is not deformed.

 Bavarian State Archaeological collection

In a handful of medieval Bavarian farming hamlets populated mostly by blue-eyed blondes, more than a dozen women with dark hair, dark eyes, and unusual elongated skulls would have stood out. A new DNA study suggests that these women, whose striking skulls have been unearthed from nearby grave sites, were high-ranking “treaty brides” from Romania and Bulgaria, married off to cement political alliances. Yet others are skeptical.

“This is one of the strangest things I’ve ever read,” says Israel Hershkovitz, an anthropologist at Tel Aviv University in Israel, who specializes in ancient human anatomy. “I don’t buy it.”

The remains, which date to about 500 C.E., are part of a pattern of elongated skulls found in gravesites across early and medieval Europe and Asia. The Bavarian skulls were unearthed alongside regularly shaped ones near six modern southern German towns along the Danube River starting in the late 1960s. Few clues exist as to their identities, or how and why the skulls were stretched. Curious about the “tower-shaped” skulls, anthropologist and population geneticist Joachim Burger, from Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, Germany, set out to sequence their DNA.

Burger and colleagues compared the DNA from tiny bone fragments in the graves with each other and those of modern populations throughout Europe and Asia. The DNA of 10 men—and 13 women with normal skulls—most closely matched modern populations in central and northern Europe. Most had genes for blond hair and blue eyes. But DNA from the 13 women with elongated skulls told a different tale. The genetics of these women matched modern populations in southeastern Europe, specifically Bulgaria and Romania, and they had genes for darker hair and eyes, the researchers report today in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

But how had they come by their elongated skulls in the first place? Burger has a theory: artificial cranial deformation. The practice—in which infants’ skulls are bound repeatedly, with their heads growing into the constricted shape—happened throughout the ancient world, notably in central Asia by the nomadic Huns. In Europe, where the earliest evidence comes from second century Romania, the practice seems to have been just as common in men as in women.

But the sex imbalance in the Bavarian graves was stark. Burger notes that because ritual deformation was such a time-intensive process, most anthropologists believe it was done only to the children of the wealthy. It could be that high-ranking southeastern European women traveled to Bavaria and married in order to shore up political alliances between the regions, he says. Whether Bavarian princesses also traveled east in return isn’t known.

Hershkovitz doesn’t dispute the genetics, but he says the story doesn’t add up. For one thing, he isn’t convinced that the skulls were deformed intentionally. Babies’ skulls can accidentally be elongated by resting on hard wooden surfaces or being strapped into carrying packs. For another, he says that when ancient tribes intermarried for political reasons, usually only one or two individuals at a time did so. It would be extremely unusual to send more than a dozen women in a single generation, Hershkovitz says.

Burger counters that no individual village in the study had more than a few women with elongated skulls. If each village were a distinct political entity with its own alliances, the political theory holds up. As for whether the skulls were deformed intentionally, Burger says it would be an extreme coincidence if all the women with elongated skulls just so happened to also have a different ancestry from the rest of the population.

question: What is being discussed in this article?

answer: Medieval Bavarian skulls

question: Where were the Bavarian skulls unearthed?

answer: They were unearthed near six modern southern German towns along the Danube River.

question: How many men and women had DNA that matched modern populations in central and northern Europe?

answer: 10 men and 13 women with normal skulls

question: Who was the ritual deformation usually done to?

answer: The ritual deformation was usually done to only the children of the wealthy.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: This article discusses the findings of medieval Bavarian skulls that had elongated skulls. Why they had elongated skulls and the history of the civilization that these men and women belonged to is discussed as well.


text:
BILLY MARTIN (born May 25, 1967), known professionally as POPPY Z. BRITE, is an American author. He initially achieved notoriety in the gothic horror genre of literature in the early 1990s by publishing a string of successful novels and short story collections. His later work moved into the genre of dark comedy, with many stories set in the New Orleans restaurant world. Martin's novels are typically standalone books but may feature recurring characters from previous novels and short stories. Much of his work features openly bisexual and gay characters.

Work

Martin is best known for writing gothic and horror novels and short stories. His trademarks include featuring gay men as main characters, graphic sexual descriptions, and an often wry treatment of gruesome events. Some of Martin's better known novels include _Lost Souls_ (1992), _Drawing Blood_ (1993), and the controversial serial killer novel _Exquisite Corpse_ (1996); he has also released the short fiction collections _Wormwood_ (originally published as _Swamp Foetus_; 1993), _Are You Loathsome Tonight?_ (also published as _Self-Made Man_; 1998), _Wrong Things_ (with Caitlin R. Kiernan; 2001), and _The Devil You Know_ (2003). His “Calcutta: Lord of Nerves” was selected to represent the year 1992 in the story anthology _The Century's Best Horror Fiction_.[1]

In a 1998 interview,[2] in response to a comment that “Growing up in the American South [shaped him] as a writer”, Martin mentioned that Southern writers Carson McCullers, Truman Capote, Tennessee Williams, Flannery O'Connor, Harper Lee, Thomas Wolfe and William Faulkner also influenced his writing. Answering a follow-up question about his literary influences, he also included “Bradbury, Nabokov, W.S. Burroughs, Stephen King, Ramsey Campbell, Shirley Jackson, Thomas Ligotti, Kathe Koja, Dennis Cooper, Dorothy Parker, Dylan Thomas, Harlan Ellison, Peter Straub, Paul Theroux, Baudelaire, Poe, Lovecraft, John Lennon... I could rattle off ten or twenty more easily; they're all in there somewhere.”

Martin wrote _Courtney Love: The Real Story_ (1997), a biography of singer Courtney Love that was officially “unauthorized”, but he acknowledged that the work was done at Love's suggestion and with her cooperation, including access to Love's personal journal and letters.[3]

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Martin moved away from horror fiction and gothic themes while still writing about gay characters. The critically acclaimed _Liquor_ novels—_Liquor_ (2004), _Prime_ (2005), and _Soul Kitchen_ (2006)—are dark comedies set in the New Orleans restaurant world. _The Value of X_ (2002) depicts the beginning of the careers of the protagonists of the _Liquor_ series—Gary “G-Man” Stubbs and John “Rickey” Rickey; other stories, including several in his most recent collection _The Devil You Know_ (2003) and the novella _D*U*C*K_, chronicle events in the lives of the extended Stubbs family, a Catholic clan whose roots are sunk deep in the traditional culture of New Orleans. Martin hopes to eventually write three more novels in the _Liquor_ series, tentatively titled _Dead Shrimp Blues_, _Hurricane Stew_, and _Double Shot_. However, in late 2006, he ceased publishing with Three Rivers Press, the trade paperback division of Random House that published the first three _Liquor_ novels, and is currently taking a hiatus from fiction writing. He has described _Antediluvian Tales_, a short story collection published by Subterranean Press in November 2007, as “if not my last book ever, then my last one for some time.” He still writes short non-fiction pieces, including guest editorials for the New Orleans _Times-Picayune_ and a food article for _Chile Pepper Magazine_.

Martin has often stated that, while he will allow some of his work to be optioned for film under the right circumstances, he has little interest in movies and is not overly eager to see his work filmed. In 1999, his short story _The Sixth Sentinel_ (filmed as _The Dream Sentinel_) comprised one segment of episode 209 of _The Hunger_, a short-lived horror anthology series on Showtime.

Critical essays on Martin's fiction appear in _Supernatural Fiction Writers: Contemporary Fantasy and Horror_ (2003) by Brian Stableford[4] and _The Evolution of the Weird Tale_ (2004) by S. T. Joshi.

Personal life

Martin was born in Bowling Green, Warren County, Kentucky, at Western University Hospital.[5] He has written and talked extensively about his gender dysphoria and transgender issues.[6] He is a gay man, and has said, “Ever since I was old enough to know what gay men were, I've considered myself a gay man that happens to have been born in a female body, and that's the perspective I'm coming from.”[7] In 2003, Martin wrote that, while gender theorists like Kate Bornstein would call him a “nonoperative transsexual”, Martin would not insist on a label, writing “I'm just me”.[8] In August 2010, he began hormone therapy, and in 2011 expressed that he would prefer to be referred to by male pronouns.[9]

He lived in Bowling Green, Kentucky; Chapel Hill, North Carolina; and Athens, Georgia prior to moving to New Orleans in 1993.

Martin was the longtime partner of Chris DeBarr, a chef, but the couple split in 2011. His current partner is Grey Cross, a New Orleans visual artist and photographer.

On January 6, 2009, Martin was arrested at Our Lady of Good Counsel Church in New Orleans as part of a peaceable demonstration in which churches in the Uptown area of the city were occupied to protest their closings.[10] In August 2009, New Orleans's _Gambit Weekly_ publication published reader-poll results naming Martin in second place as an ever-popular “Best Local Author.”[11]

Retirement and return to writing

On June 9, 2010, Martin officially stated that he was retired from writing, in a post entitled “I'm Basically Retired (For Now)” on his Livejournal.[12] He stated that he had “completely lost the ability to interact with [his] body of work” and then went on to state that business issues were a partial cause. He also specifically mentioned being unable to disconnect from aspects of his life relating to Hurricane Katrina. He ended his statement by saying that he missed having relationships with his characters and that he did not feel the need to write for publication. Martin has since created a series of artworks themed on New Orleans and voodoo.

In 2018, Martin announced he had returned to writing with a non-fiction project entitled _Water If God Wills It: Religion and Spirituality In The Work of Stephen King_.[13] Martin opened a Patreon page to finance the book.

Bibliography

Novels and novellas

-   _Lost Souls_ (1992)
-   _Drawing Blood_ (1993)
-   _Exquisite Corpse_ (1996)
-   _The Crow: The Lazarus Heart_ (1998)
-   “Plastic Jesus” (novella; 2000)
-   The _Liquor_ series:
    -   _The Value of X_ (2002)
    -   _Liquor_ (2004)
    -   _Prime_ (2005)
    -   _Soul Kitchen_ (2006)
    -   _D*U*C*K_ (novella; 2007)
-   _Triads_ (with Christa Faust; 2004)
-   _Second Line_ (2009)[14]

Short story collections

-   _Wormwood_ (also published in limited edition and in the UK under author's original title as _Swamp Foetus_; 1993)
-   _His Mouth Will Taste of Wormwood and Other Stories_ (“Four stories of contemporary horror”, selected from _Wormwood_; Penguin 60s, 1995)[15]
-   _Are You Loathsome Tonight?_ (also published in the UK as _Self-Made Man_; 1998)
-   _Wrong Things_ (with Caitlin R. Kiernan; 2001)
-   _The Devil You Know_ (2003)
-   _Antediluvian Tales_ (2007)

Anthologies (as editor)

-   _Love in Vein_
-   _Twice Bitten (Love in Vein II)_

Short stories

N.B.: These were originally published as chapbooks.

-   “R.I.P.” (1998)
-   “The Seed of Lost Souls” (1999)
-   “Stay Awake” (2000)
-   “Lantern Marsh” (2000) (first published in _October Dreams_)
-   “Would You?” (2000)
-   “Pansu” (2001)
-   “Con Party at Hotel California” (2002)
-   “The Feast of St. Rosalie” (2003)
-   “Used Stories” (2004)
-   “Crown of Thorns” (2005)
-   “Liquor for Christmas” (2007)
-   “The H.O.G. Syndrome” (Martin's first “novel”, about 9000 words, written at age 12; 2007)

Non-fiction

-   _Courtney Love: The Real Story_ (biography, 1997)
-   _Guilty But Insane_ (essays, 2001)
-   _Are You Loathsome Tonight?_ (short biographical story of Elvis Presley, published in _Are You Loathsome Tonight?_, 1998 (also titled _Self-Made Man_) and reprinted in _The Children of Cthulhu_, 2002)

Uncollected short fiction

-   “Vine of the Soul” (appeared in _Disco 2000_, 1998)
-   “The Freaks (juvenilia)” (_The Spook_ #12, 2002; also appears on Martin's website along with other early/unpublished fiction)
-   “Fuck It, We're Going To Jamaica!” (webzine _Necromantic_; also appears on Martin's website)
-   “The Curious Case of Miss Violet Stone (1894)” (co-written with David Ferguson; _Shadows Over Baker Street_, 2003; Ballantine Books)
-   “Wandering the Borderlands” (_Masques V_, 2006; Gauntlet Press)
-   “System Freeze” (Matrix webcomic, illustrated by Dave Dorman and published in The Matrix Comics volume 2)
-   “The Gulf” (_Subterranean: Tales of Dark Fantasy_, 2008; Subterranean Press)

[1] John Pelan, _The Century's Best Horror Fiction_, Cemetery Dance Publications, 2010, two volumes, .

[2]

[3] PzB (auto)Biography discusses the writing of the Love book.

[4] Brian Stableford, “Poppy Z. Brite” in Richard Bleiler, ed. _Supernatural Fiction Writers: Contemporary Fantasy and Horror_. New York: Thomson/Gale, 2003. (p. 147-152).

[5] Constance Brite

[6]

[7]

[8] See Martin's LiveJournal, especially the August 22, 2003 entry

[9]

[10]

[11] Best of New Orleans, _Gambit Weekly_, August 24, 2009.

[12]

[13] https://www.patreon.com/docbrite

[14]

[15]

title: Poppy Z. Brite

question: What is Billy Martin's sexuality and how does it relate to their work?

answer: Billy Martin's work features many openly gay and bisexual men. Martin has spoken out about their sexuality and gender dysphoria, calling themselves "a gay man born in a woman's body." Martin started hormone treatments in 2010.

question: Describe Martin's style.

answer: Much of Martin's work involves horror and gothic themes, influenced by his childhood in the Deep South. He was influenced by many famous writers, ranging from Bradbury to Lovecraft, to Southern writers like Tennessee Williams and Harper Lee. When Martin moved away from horror and gothic themes later in his career he still wrote about gay men.


text:
Perched on a steel beast of war, I pondered my own existence. A sergeant in the army, with a caring family and spouse, medals to my name and a desire to live. But how far did it go? How far can I run before I fall, and there is nobody there to pick me up? I wanted my memories to last forever. Lively, energetic, spirited: The men I commanded were my bread and butter. Valiantly serving under my order for 3 years prior to Operation Neptune, we held our lives in our rifles. I sat with them on our steel beast, waiting to be unloaded with the other men. How long did we have?

Huddled into a vehicle reminiscent to the Kraken himself, I became lost in thought. This strange plan, these peculiar men. Curled up amongst each other, ignorance of bliss, we stood shoulder by shoulder like lambs to the slaughter.

Dainty fingers dawdled on the triggers. Who was he? Who was he to take a life? Only the grateful had the heart to pull, and fire.

Eyes plunged backwards, body lurched forward. Crumpled to their knees. Fell to the trenches, writhing in the dirt, men howled in fits of pain.

Let the deceased roam the realms they no longer wanted to exist.

Waves trickled onto our clothes, soaking us from the inside out. The storm rose above our mortal toil; Mother Nature has no patience. Salty sea air tempted our nostrils of home and valour, but it did little to front the horrors on the beach. Gunfire ablaze, our Kraken approached the beachhead. This is true war. Fear, anger, pride, camaraderie, pain: a will to survive. Lead continued to find its way towards my men, but I convinced myself they could never hit me. Hot, piercing metal seared its way through the earth, which may as well have stood still, striking our position with brute inaccuracy. Inside the sudden silence, my superior barked those damn dreaded words.

I was told there was artillery inbound. No reinforcements. 30 seconds was all we had.

Mortar seemingly erupted from the crust, taking my men with it into the air. 3 of my men were taken in the first blast. They had aimed that one for my squad. These weren’t the first men to die with me, and certainly won’t be the last. More explosives inbound, and no clear way to escape. It didn’t look hopeless, just fatal. Another 2 fell down, injured, which is another pair of notches on my watch. The squad was starting to break down into fragments, and no longer sure who made it out, we tried to hide, run and fight.

Us, a ragtag group of soldiers, versus an entire German platoon. It was at this point we had all agreed to never be captured alive. We held our position over the lagoon, keeping our ground with joyful valence in the darkest hour. I took a step backwards, and promptly fell into the water. My men must have assumed I’d been hit, I didn’t see them again.

It seemed like I was floating gracefully for an eternity, and in my frenzy, I reasoned that I was hated by those I loved, and regrets filled my soul. It wasn’t death that did this; it was

war. I also reasoned that these would be my final emotions, my final tribute, to this earth, and I should cherish them. How would I know when I died? It faded to black long before I fell to my watery grave.

In my absence of consciousness, I was rescued by a British company steamrolling through the coastline, picking up survivors and POW’s alike. It appeared I was alive, and the luckiest one in the squad, according to those Brits. They would never be able to comprehend what I saw, and what I lost.

“It is easier to find men who will volunteer to die, than to find those who
are willing to endure pain with patience.”

- Julius Caesar

(Any and all constructive criticism greatly recommended)

title: [HF] Epitome of War

question: Who is the narrator?

answer: He is a sergeant in the British Army who is going to war against the Germans.

question: In what time period does the story take place?

answer: Perhaps in 1944 during the WWII.

question: Describe the situation of the narrator's squad as their vessel was approaching the beachhead.

answer: An entire platoon of Germans was already positioned, firing explosives at them.

question: How did the narrator survive?

answer: He fell unconscious into the water in the middle of the battle and was found by a British company picking up survivors and POWs.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: The British and Germans were at war. The narrator, an army sergeant, led his squad to the beachhead. They were caught off guard when an entire German platoon started firing at them. They tried to hide, run, and fight. Many died, but the narrator survived and was rescued.


text:
It is finally time to tell my story. My story of the Dragon Quest.

When questing for a dragon, you must be careful you are doing it for the right reasons.

For instance, if you are doing it for fame and fortune, you are doing it for the wrong reasons.

However, if you are questing for a dragon to find God, then it's OK. Finding God is much more important than money or fame, because when you find God he can give you money and fame. So, you'd be stupid not to go for God. And if you are stupid - you should not be out questing dragons. Maybe get a HAM radio or something.

But back to my quest: it all started in the fall of 1992. I was sixteen years old and I had come upon a parchment in my grandfather's basement. It said GROUND CHUCK on the front, but when I turned it around I found a map.

The map had a picture of a door on it and the door said TREASURE and there were all these arrows that pointed at the door and said "Go in here" and "Right here, treasure awaits" and "Ignore the GROUND CHUCK message". I looked up from the paper and there in front of me was the door marked TREASURE. I had seen this door many times before, but no one had ever given me instructions to go in, as I was never a curious boy. Some would say that was a sign of stupidity, but I've never been curious enough to ask anyone.

But it didn't matter. I now had explicit instructions to go into the TREASURE room and I took due action.

Inside the TREASURE room I found a monolithic pile of Playboy magazines and empty beer cans, but no where did I find God. Not that I was looking for God at the time, but I'm trying to tell this story as it relates to the Dragon Quest.

Years went by and I made many trips to the TREASURE room and there were times when I came close to finding God, but I never quite caught up with him.

However, later in life, after Grandfather had passed, I returned to the TREASURE room after many years of marriage. To my astonishment, all the Playboy magazines and beer cans were gone. This could have been spooky magic or it could have been the fact that Grandfather's house was sold years before and the new owners had cleaned the basement.

Also, I was way loaded and probably shouldn't have broke into someone's home to masturbate in their basement, but it was a rough couple of years since my wife had left me.

In my drunken state, I explored the treasure room. First, I put a hand on the wall to my side, then I kindov slipped down the wall, then I put a hand on another wall and regained my balance.

Then I peed in the TREASURE room.

As I peed, I noticed a fine smoke coming up from the ground where I was peeing. I hunkered down to see what was causing the smoke and fell over.

The next morning, I awoke with a massive hangover and a thirst for truth...and Gatorade.

I looked down at where I had peed and noticed that a hole was now there. The "smoke" I had seen coming up from the ground was in fact dust from the dirt I was upsetting. I began kicking at the spot where I peed and more dirt was removed and I could see something shining.

I got on my hands and knees and began digging around the shining object and revealed a treasure chest. I removed the chest and walked out of the basement and into the morning light.

At home, after a much needed Gatorade, I opened the chest to find a cassette tape. It was Duran Duran's Seven and the Ragged Tiger. Underneath the tape was a note that read "Play Me." I immediately got on eBay and tried to locate a cassette player as it was the year 2010.

About a month later, I finally received my cassette player from Rocky5000bringstheshit. Rocky drove a hard bargain, but the 399 dollar player was to pay off in it's weight in gold. Also, it had a jack for headphones.

I quickly put the tape in and played the album.

There was nothing new to find, all the same great songs that made absolutely zero sense lyrically. I was stumped.

That was until I looked back at the note and the other side read Me Play. That's when I realized I needed help.

I quickly got a hold of my nerdiest friend to help me do some detective work. Claude was French Canadian and built models of Star Trek spaceships. If anyone was going to get to the bottom of a treasure chest with a Duran Duran tape in it and a cryptic message, it was a Claude.

Mainly because he was French Canadian.

Claude came over and first set about explaining the Duran Duran songs to me. For instance, The Reflex is about Richard Nixon on a DMT trip and Tiger, Tiger is not an instrumental at all - it's Simon LeBon wailing in low frequencies.

THAT was what grabbed Claude. He surmised that the message ME PLAY meant play the tape backwards, and he had a hunch that the song Tiger, Tiger was the key.

Sure enough, he was right. We listened to the song:

*If the dragon you shall seek*

*Then you must sleep*

*Extremely deep*

*At 3949 North Woods Road next to the KMART you can't miss it it's like a giant mansion, pass me a Tab John.*

I knew exactly where that was. The KMART was no longer there, but the place was an old HAUNTED MANSION that had been haunted since the KMART closed and all the workers went to live in the previously ABANDONED MANSION.

I asked Claude what it all meant. He explained a bunch of stuff that I didn't listen to, but one thing stuck out: I needed to take a nap in the HAUNTED MANSION. Once in a dream state, the Dragon Quest would begin.

I asked Claude, "What is a Dragon Quest?"

Claude again explained a bunch of stuff. He used the internet to illustrate his points and would lapse into French quite a lot, but the bottom line was it was a quest for a dragon.

"Why would I want a dragon?"

"The dragon is the keeper of the Holy Grail." Claude said while wiping Cheetoe dust on my couch.

"Then it is a dragon I will seek!" And off I went to find the dragon and the grail and...God.

I reached the HAUNTED MANSION around an hour after I kicked Claude out for trying to French First all my food labels with a permanent marker.

The HAUNTED MANSION was still haunted, as far as I could tell, as there were a number of homeless people still living in it. Much like ghosts, they would howl and wail, but they did not want life, they wanted crack, meth, and really cheap cheeseburgers from AM/PM.

So, before my Dragon Quest, I needed to go on a 2 for 99 quest at the AM/PM. I bought as many hamburgers, hotdogs, and nachos I could purchase with three dollars.

Which was a boatload.

I returned to the HAUNTED MANSION and fed the homeless people. They quickly fell asleep and I followed.

As I closed my eyes I realized if the Dragon Quest begins when you fall asleep in the mansion, then the homeless folks here would know of it. I woke one up and asked about the Dragon Quest.

It was an old man, and he explained, bleary eyed, that the Dragon Quest is what still holds all the homeless people there in the mansion. He explained that they were waiting on a knight to come and free them from the HAUNTED MANSION and that I might be that knight.

Then he defecated in his pants.

I moved rooms and went to bed.

In my dream I saw a great dragon and the dragon had a t-shirt on that was great also. And the t-shirt said WHO FARTED? and it was covered in little brown blotches.

The dragon roared fire from his mouth and asked "Do you like my shirt?"

"Yes. It is magnificent." I said.

"Yeah. It's pretty cool." The dragon said with false modesty. "I got it at Hot Topic. Wanna see my black light?" The dragon then turned and hit a switch. The room grew dark and the dragon exclaimed "SHIT!" and then I heard fumbling, then he said "HERE!" and then the black light came on and all the dragon's Bob Marley posters lit up in neon white and it was amazing.

"That is great and fantastic, oh magic dragon, but I seek the Grail."

The dragon pulled a small cup from behind him and asked "You mean this?" It was a Taco Bell cup with Ken Griffey Jr. fighting Indiana Jones with a lightsaber. It had to be ancient - like from 1990.

"Is that the Holy Grail?" I asked.

"It is. I bought it from Jesus. I traded a sweet bong for it. But, in the end I think it was worth it. Everyone comes by and wants to see it. That's where all those dudes downstairs came from. In fact, if it wasn't for this Holy Grail, no one would come by. Come to think of it..." The dragon lifted his head and blew flames all over the room and the room was really combustible - it was an old mansion. "I HAVE NO FRIENDS!" The dragon screamed.

I lifted a hand towards the dragon and said "But you have me."

The dragon looked at me and took one of his dragon claws and made a gesture like he was jerking off. "Big whoop!" The dragon screamed and then I woke up.

All the inhabitants of the HAUNTED MANSION were gone. They had been released from the dragon.

And when I say "released" I mean burned to death horribly.

But now the dragon was pissed and was burning the town down. I could see him from afar, as most of the previously HAUNTED MANSION was now INCINERATED WOOD. It was miraculous that I had not been burned to death. In fact, I was only burned half to death. I was taken to the hospital and had an arm and both of my legs removed.

But I had the grail! The dragon had dropped it and I managed to recover it and when I was released from the hospital, the staff gave me the cup back.

"Please, fill this cup with Holy Water and pour it on my wounds!" I demanded. The staff then sent me to an institution.

In the institution, Claude visited and told me if I promise to sign his petition to get French Fries renamed Belgium Imperialistic Chowder Fingers he would get me some holy water.

And he did. He poured the water on my wounds and I was whole again.

Meanwhile, the dragon had burned down the entire town and was up in the sky gnawing on a rip in the space-time continuum in order to release hell on Earth.

So, I had that to deal with.

But that is another story, for another time. The point is, I got the Holy Grail and freed the homeless people from the mansion they were haunting.

I have the Holy Grail on my mantel next to my boss T-Ball trophy from third grade if you ever want to see it. But don't ask me to solve all your problems and crap. It's not a community grail, OK.

Anyway, with the fries that will be 3.09. Cash or card?

title: [HM] DRAGON QUEST!

question: Summarize the steps the narrator took to find the dragon with the Holy Grail.

answer:
The narrator's quest started in the fall of 1992 when he was 16 years of age. He found a parchment in his grandfather's basement. The parchment had the word GROUND CHUCK on it as well as a map on its back. The map had a picture of a door with the word TREASURE written on it. There were instructions that said the door must be opened and entered to find a treasure. The map also said to ignore the GROUND CHUCK message. The narrator then looked up and saw a door with the word TREASURE in front of him. He entered but found nothing except for PLAYBOY magazines.
After many years, the narrator returned to that room to find all the magazines gone. He peed inside the room and notice a hole in the ground. He dug it and found a treasure chest. He took the chest and found a cassette inside it. He bought a cassette player and, with the help of a friend, decoded the message. The message in the cassette pointed them to a haunted house next to a KMART. The narrator then visited the haunted house where it was said that a dragon resides.

question: What was the narrator's grandfather's name?


text:
There is nothing that better captures the dueling menace and absurdity of DONALD TRUMP’s coup attempt than his lawyer, RUDY GIULIANI, ranting and raving about vast international conspiracies while mysterious black goop streaks down the sides of his face. Yes, this is a dangerous and unprecedented assault on the bedrock of our democracy. But it’s also, in its chronic ineptitude, a laughingstock. His power grab has been pathetic—but couldn’t it still work?

There’s some comfort to be found in the fact that his inner circle doesn’t seem to think so. As Axios reported Friday, while his allies are publicly indulging him, most see his efforts as futile and have actively avoided his legal team, wanting no part in Giuliani’s circus. Even JARED KUSHNER and IVANKA TRUMP, the prince and princess of Trumpworld, apparently don’t think he stands a chance. And with the White House paralyzed by Trump’s unyielding obsession with the phantom voter fraud he claims cost him the election, his aides and staff appear to be counting down the days until this is all over. “Looking forward to getting out of here,” one administration official told CNN this week.

Just because his gambit is almost certain to fail doesn’t mean it can’t do real damage. That his White House and his party have nonetheless stood by as he imperils democracy is contemptible, but whether he actually thinks he can hang onto power or simply wants to burn it all down on his way out the door, the whole exercise is inflicting real wounds on the country—and holding up JOE BIDEN’s transition team, who to inherit major crises in two short months.

His latest maneuver—targeting the certification process and courting GOP state lawmakers in an effort to appoint electors that will overturn the will of the people—is so outrageous, it's led some Republicans to speak out more forcefully. In a statement Thursday, Utah Senator MITT ROMNEY said that “it is difficult to imagine a worse, more undemocratic action by a sitting American President.” Iowa Senator JONI ERNST said in an interview with Fox News Radio Thursday that allegations of a rigged election by Trump lawyer SIDNEY POWELL were “offensive” and lacked proof, though she maintained that Trump’s court fight remains a “means of recourse” for him. Nebraska Senator BEN SASSE perhaps went the furthest, condemning Giuliani’s antics and noting that the president’s lawyers in court “have repeatedly refused to actually allege grand fraud — because there are legal consequences for lying to judges.” “Wild press conferences erode public trust,” Sasse said in a statement. “So no, obviously Rudy and his buddies should not pressure electors to ignore their certification obligations under the statute.”

“We are a nation of laws,” he added, “not tweets.”

The statements may not be particularly surprising coming from Romney and Sasse, who have occasionally criticized the president, even as they have largely enabled him. Less expected, perhaps, was MAGA mouthpiece TUCKER CARLSON bashing Trump’s legal team on his program Thursday night. The Fox News host didn’t counter the president’s bogus voter fraud claims, but he tore into Powell after she declined requests to appear on the show and to produce evidence in support of her press conference whopper: that votes were actually changed from Trump to Biden in electronic systems. “We would have given her the whole hour,” Carlson said. “But she never sent us any evidence, despite a lot of requests, polite requests. Not a page. When we kept pressing, she got angry and told us to stop contacting her.”

“She never demonstrated that a single actual vote was moved illegitimately by software from one candidate to another,” Carlson added. “Not one.”

When you’ve gone too far even for Tucker Carlson, that’s a bad sign. But it’ll take more than a handful of qualified condemnations from Republicans and shrugs from administration officials to end this charade. It is well past time for the GOP to stand up to this bumbling tyrant. Trump may be a punchline, but the joke is getting less funny by the day.

MORE GREAT STORIES FROM _VANITY FAIR_

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— Not a subscriber? Join _Vanity Fair_ to receive full access to VF.com and the complete online archive now.

question: Who is Donald Trump's lawyer (at the time of this article)?

answer: Rudy Giuliani

question: Which Republican senator called Trump's court appointments an "undemocratic action"?

answer: Mitt Romney.

question: Which publication put out this article?

answer: Vanity Fair.

question: What, according to Tucker Carlson, did Powell fail to prove?

answer: That the voting machines were operating illegally and changing votes.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Republican lawmakers are seemingly starting to turn against Trump, according to this piece by Vanity Fair. The publication alleges that even the President's daughter, Ivanka Trump, and her husband, Jared Kushner, are no longer supporting her father. Vanity Fair opinion writers believe that it's Trump's appointment of electors that has turned off Republican lawmakers.  Republican Senator Mitch Romney of Utah called the appointments an "undemocratic action".


text:
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Charleston Battery midfielder Neveal Hackshaw is one of four USL players named in Trinidad & Tobago's squad this week. | Photo courtesy Ross Almers / Charleston Battery

TAMPA, FLA. – A quartet of selections for Trinidad & Tobago’s pair of upcoming international exhibitions lead the contingent of USL players selected for international duty over the coming week.

Defenders Mekeil Williams of the Richmond Kickers and Kevan George of the Charlotte Independence were named to the Soca Warriors’ squad, alongside midfielder Neveal Hackshaw of the Charleston Battery and winger Nathan Lewis of Indy Eleven. T&T is scheduled to face Guadaloupe on Friday, and Martinique on Sunday over the coming week.

Louisville City FC’s Shaun Francis and the Charleston Battery’s Quinton Griffith could face off on Sunday evening as Francis’ Jamaica and Griffith’s Antigua & Barbuda meet at Sabina Park in Kingston, Jamaica. Also selected for Jamaica is former USL standout Romario Williams of Atlanta United, who earned 2017 All-League honors for the Battery last season.

Phoenix Rising FC winger Billy Forbes has been named again as captain for Turks & Caicos as the side travels to face the Dominican Republic on Thursday in Santo Domingo.

[]

Phoenix Rising FC's Billy Forbes will again captain Turks & Caicos after being selected to represent his country | Photo courtesy Liza Rosales / Orange County SC

Ottawa Fury FC forward Michael Salazar, on loan to the club from the Montreal Impact, has been selected in Belize’s squad for a pair of games against Grenada in the upcoming week. Salazar has made 10 previous appearances for his country.

Toronto FC II standout Liam Fraser earned his first selection to the Canada National Team for the side’s exhibition against New Zealand on Saturday in Murcia, Spain. Fraser, who was selected as the No. 15 player on the 2017 USL 20 Under 20 before signing as a Homegrown Player with Toronto FC this offseason, will be joined by fellow former USL standouts Mark-Anthony Kaye, now with Los Angeles FC, and Raheem Edwards, now with the Montreal Impact, in Head Coach John Herdman’s first squad in charge.

Four players have also been called into camp for Guam, with Phoenix Rising FC goalkeeper Dallas Jaye, Richmond Kickers defender Alex Lee, ATL UTD 2 defender Shawn Nicklaw and Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC forward Shane Malcolm all part of the country’s training camp in California, as part of which it will face the USL’s LA Galaxy II.

[]

Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC forward Shane Malcolm is one of four USL players called up by Guam this week | Photo courtesy Isaiah J. Downing / Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC

Kickers forward Bruno Miranda, who made his debut for the club on loan from D.C. United this past Sunday, has also been called up by Bolivia for the country’s exhibition against Curaçao on Friday.

In addition to those called in for full international duty, six USL players have also been named to the U.S. U20 National Team squad that will face France and Atletico Madrid’s U21 squad. Bethlehem Steel FC’s Matt Real and Mark McKenzie, Seattle Sounders FC 2’s Sam Rogers and Jake Morris, LA Galaxy II Ulysses Llanez Jr. and Saint Louis FC’s Aedan Stanley were all named in the squad.

Finally, five players who have previously competed in the USL are currently in North Carolina with the U.S. Men’s National Team ahead of next Tuesday’s international exhibition at Sahlen’s Stadium at WakeMed Soccer Park. Goalkeepers Zack Steffen (Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC) and Alex Bono (Toronto FC II), defender Erik Palmer-Brown (Swope Park Rangers) and midfielders Tyler Adams (New York Red Bulls II) and Cristian Roldan (Seattle Sounders FC 2) will all be available for selection for the game at the home of new USL club North Carolina FC, which will air on Fox Sports 1 and UniMas.

USL Players Selected for International Duty (March 21-27)

ANTIGUA & BARBUDA – Quinton Griffith (Charleston Battery)

BELIZE – Michael Salazar (Ottawa Fury FC)

BOLIVIA – Bruno Miranda (Richmond Kickers)

CANADA – Liam Fraser (Toronto FC II)

GUAM – Shane Malcolm (Colorado Springs Switchbacks FC), Dallas Jaye (Phoenix Rising FC), Shawn Nicklaw (ATL UTD 2), Alex Lee (Richmond Kickers)

JAMAICA – Shaun Francis (Louisville City FC)

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO – Mekeil Williams (Richmond Kickers), Neveal Hackshaw (Charleston Battery), Nathan Lewis (Indy Eleven), Kevan George (Charlotte Independence)

TURKS & CAICOS – Billy Forbes (Phoenix Rising FC)

U.S. U20 NATIONAL TEAM – Matt Real, Mark McKenzie (Bethlehem Steel FC), Jake Morris, Sam Rogers (Seattle Sounders FC 2), Ulysses Llanez Jr. (LA Galaxy II), Aedan Stanley (Saint Louis FC)

Alumni selected for U.S. Men’s National Team vs. Paraguay

Zack Steffen (Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC), Alex Bono (Toronto FC II), Erik Palmer-Brown (Swope Park Rangers), Tyler Adams (New York Red Bulls II), Cristian Roldan (Seattle Sounders FC 2)

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Follow the USL Championship

[]

-   Orozco, Enevoldsen Lead Orange County Returnees

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/27/2020, 9:04am EST
-   Former United States international set for third season at hometown club
-    Read More

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-   MURRAY: This Thanksgiving, the Players We Are Thankful For

-   By NICHOLAS MURRAY - nicholas.murray@uslsoccer.com 11/26/2020, 11:46am EST
-   -    Read More

[]

-   Switchbacks Sign Former United States International Jose Francisco Torres

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/25/2020, 6:00pm EST
-   World Cup veteran heads to Colorado Springs for 2021 Championship season
-    Read More

[]

-   Orozco, Enevoldsen Lead Orange County Returnees

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/27/2020, 9:04am EST
-   Former United States international set for third season at hometown club
-    Read More

[]

-   MURRAY: This Thanksgiving, the Players We Are Thankful For

-   By NICHOLAS MURRAY - nicholas.murray@uslsoccer.com 11/26/2020, 11:46am EST
-   -    Read More

[]

-   11 Championship Alumni to Watch in the 2020 MLS Cup Playoffs

-   By NICHOLAS MURRAY - nicholas.murray@uslsoccer.com 11/18/2020, 12:20pm EST
-   As the postseason starts on Friday, which players with Championship experience could make an impact?
-    Read More

[]

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-   MURRAY: My Favorite 10 Assists of the 2020 Championship Season

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/14/2020, 9:00am EST
-   From the one-touch looks to the slide-rule passes, there was plenty to admire from the playmakers
-    Read More

[]

-   Switchbacks Offer Inside Look at Weidner Field's Progress

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/13/2020, 8:03am EST
-   President Nick Ragain excited as 8,000-seat venue gets set for 2021 Championship season
-    Read More

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-   New Mexico’s Mizell Takes Fans’ Choice Save of the Playoffs Award

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/09/2020, 1:30pm EST
-   Close-range save in Conference Quarterfinals shutout in San Antonio earned top spot in online poll
-    Read More

[]

-   Tampa Bay’s Doherty Claims Fans’ Choice Goal of the Playoffs Award

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/09/2020, 1:00pm EST
-   Long-range strike that opened scoring against Birmingham takes victory in online poll
-    Read More

[]

-   USL Championship Fans' Choice Save of the Playoffs

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/05/2020, 5:00pm EST
-   The 2020 Championship Playoffs produced numerous outstanding saves, which one gets your vote?
-    Read More

[]

-   USL Championship Fans’ Choice Goal of the Playoffs

-   By USLChampionship.com Staff 11/04/2020, 5:00pm EST
-   The 2020 Championship Playoffs produced some outstanding finishes, which one gets your vote?
-    Read More

[]

question: What is the focus of this article?

answer: Several USL players will be on international duty in the coming week for a series of exhibition matches. The countries include Trinidad & Tobago, Jamaica, and the Turks & Caicos.

question: How much are the players getting paid for competing with their national teams?


text:
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Sian says "Just very prompt & easy to Donate to such a needed cause very quick and simple service.."

Malcolm says "First time on givealittle and the instructions and interface were clear and efficient. Having a video for the cause I supported was a good touch. Appreciated the options for anonymity and the ease of uploading charity donation info to IRD."

Ian says "It was easy to make the donation and I like the options to stay private."

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Julie says "I had lots of questions, I got lots of answers!"

Brian says "I've never done this before so was pleasantly surprised how easy it was to do. always wanted to help others but never knew how."

question: Who says "Quick and easy process but also robust. I like that you moderate who’s setting up the causes."

answer: Carolyn

question: Who says "It was easy to make the donation and I like the options to stay private."

answer: Ian

question: Who says "they are very good to deal with and always kept in contact via e mail, I would recommend them to anyone who needed money for an urgent problem, thank you guys, it was very much appreciated"

answer: Raewyn

question: Who says  "The website is very easy to use, and my receipt arrived promptly. What more could I ask for!"

answer: Andrea

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Various comments praising donation service givealittle.


text:
“While we were shooting [_Star Trek Beyond_], especially towards the end, I think we could all tell that something wasn’t right with Anton,” Pine told _The Hollywood Reporter_ at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery. “I don’t think anyone knew that he was battling the illness that he was,” he said, referring to Yelchin’s decade-long trials with cystic fibrosis and his secrecy about his struggle.

According to Pine, the disease didn’t stop Yelchin from fully committing to his craft, even when it taxed him. “We had about a week of doing a pretty intense stunt, like a really grueling, physically demanding stunt,” the actor recalled about filming 2016's _Star Trek Beyond_. “I haven’t actually thought about it until now, but looking back on it, I remember how hard it was for him to get through it. And he never complained.”

“He didn’t use [the disease] to get out of this fight scene, which he could easily have done, obviously,” Pine said.

It’s the kind of fighting spirit that one can find in Yelchin’s performances as Chekov, a spirit that still connects to audiences today. During the screening, when Chekov shouts, “I can do that! I can do that!” and miraculously saves James T. Kirk (Pine) and Hikaru Sulu (John Cho) from plummeting to the surface of Vulcan by beaming them up mid-fall, the crowd erupted into applause. It was the third time that had happened for Yelchin's work in the film, following cheers at the first glimpse of Chekov on the bridge of the Enterprise and cheers at his official introduction. As the film ended and people started to rise, they lingered, waiting through the credits and clapping one last time at the sight of his name.

The _Trek _fans in the crowd also cheered at the introductions of Leonard “Bones” McCoy (Karl Urban), Sulu and Montgomery “Scotty” Scott (Simon Pegg). The loudest applause, other than the ones for Yelchin, was for Leonard Nimoy as Spock Prime.

Yelchin, who has a statue erected in his honor above his grave at Hollywood Forever Cemetery, was many things to many people. To late actor Martin Landau, who nearly played Spock all those decades ago and was interviewed for _Love, Antosha_ weeks before his passing, a 61-year age difference didn’t stop a friendship with Yelchin. “Him and Anton, of course, were very close,” Garret Price, director of _Love, Antosha_, told _THR_. “Martin calls him a contemporary, which is amazing to think about.”

Price had never met Yelchin before jumping in to helm the documentary.

“There were just so many layers to this human being and I was just fascinated with every corner of him,” said the filmmaker. “It was all new to me and I was given the freedom to really explore his mind a little bit, which is a place where there’s a lot of exploring. You can get lost in it.” But Price quickly caught onto Yelchin’s passion. “He loved cinema so much. He would hate the fact that there’s a movie made about him, but we get to explore these sides of Anton that he loved so much.”

To some fans in attendance, Yelchin was a musician. Right before the screening kicked off, the speakers blasted an original song by his band, the Hammerheads, which, when mentioned, earned shouts of recognition. “I can’t believe that was Anton,” Pine said to the crowd before introducing the trailer and the film. “He played me music about 10 years ago that I think was from his noise band era that was … it was pretty brutal,” he laughed. “But that was a great song.”

To Pine, Yelchin was a friend to share a laugh with and was someone who worked through his illness.

“He took that obstacle, which could’ve flattened clearly anyone, put it aside, compartmentalized it and just went on his merry way and went on with his life with positivity and humor and enthusiasm, all the while he’s battling something," Pine told _THR_.

To the rest of the _Star Trek_ cast, he was like a young sibling.

“This curious, fascinating, complex, strange little dude who, when we started [_Star Trek_], he was about 10 years younger than all of us,” Pine told the crowd. “He was kind of our younger brother, and we saw him grow up and continue to get stranger and more curious.”

Curiosity is at the heart of _Star Trek_. The atmosphere of the screening certainly reflected that — below the stars and a half moon, with fireflies in the air, almost indistinguishable from Abrams’ famous lens flares. And Pine, who was reminded only a day prior to the event that it was the 10th anniversary of the film, also pointed to curiosity in looking back.

“I have deep, deep gratitude for the opportunity to have done it and to be a part of a franchise that’s always been defined by its empathy and its curiosity and its heart and its real attachment to, like every great sci-fi story does, telling now in the future, so we can understand now a bit better," he said.

question: Who is Yelchin?

answer: Not sure, it seems as though he played a character name Chekov in Star Trek.

question: What is being described in this article?

answer: Unsure, might be some sort of obituary or a description of a premiere of a film.

question: What are the Hammerheads?

answer: The Hammerheads were a band that Yelchin was a part of.

question: Who is Martin Landau?

answer: Martina Landau was an actor who played Spock in Star Trek.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: This article is about the passing of Anton Yelchin, an actor who played Chekov in Star Trek. There seems to have been some sort of memorial screening of a film in Yelchin's honor.


text:
[Remains of the Chungar Mine camp that was destroyed by a landslide-generated wave at the Yanawayin Lake. Picture looking SW.] [Yanawayin Lake and, behind, the landslide that destroyed most of the Chungar Mine camp in 1971. Picture looking E.] [Upper part of the landslide that generated the tsunami that destroyed most of the Chungar Mine camp in 1971. Picture looking S.]

The CHUNGAR MINE, inactive, exploited a polymetallic (Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag) skarn deposit in the high Andes of central Peru. It is located about 116 km NE of Lima, 57 km southwest of Cerro de Pasco, and 82 km northwest of La Oroya in the (Santa Cruz de Andamarca District, Huaral Province, Lima Region, , 4380 m.a.s.l.). In 1971, a landslide-generated wave (“landslide tsunami”[1]) at the Yanawayin Lake destroyed most of the surface facilities and killed 200-600 persons,[2][3] including miners in flooded underground workings.[4]

The mine was owned by Cia. Minera Chungar, S.A.C. After the 1971 disaster, this mining company, keeping the same name, transferred the operations 16 km NE to the Animón mine in the Huarón Mining District.

Between 1995 and 2008, Compañía Minera Cerro S.A. rehabilitated some underground workings and had a small scale operation.

Since 2015, the mining company Volcan is exploring the surroundings of the Chungar Mine (Romina project) including the Puagjanca area where a Zn-Pb-(Ag) ore body was discovered.[5]

Confusion on the term “Chungar Mine”

The mining company Volcan through its now subsidiary Compañía Minera Chungar S.A.C.[6], operates the polymetallic Animón and Islay mines, in the Huarón Mining District, located 16 km NE of the actual Chungar Mine, under the term “Mining Unit Chungar”[7] (Unidad minera Chungar[8]). The use by Volcan of this term “Chungar Mining Unit”[9][10][11] has caused some confusion, and certain sources (e.g., the data base “alicia.concytec.gob.pe”[12] and a WoodMackenzie Report[13]) use wrongly the term of “Chungar mine” for the Animón mine.

Geological Frame

The Chungar skarn deposit belongs to the Miocene polymetallic belt of Central Peru.[14] The skarn Zn-Pb-Cu-Ag mineralization occurs mainly at the western contact of the Chungar Granite with limestone of the Cretaceous Jumasha Formation and in roof pendants.[15] Ore consists mainly of sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, and pyrrhotite in andradite skarn.[16] Age determinations on the outcropping Chungar granite yield an age of 12.88 ± 0.36 Ma (Ar/Ar biotite plateau age)[17] that is consistent with previous K-Ar age determinations.[18]

Similar skarn occurrences are known north and south of the Chungar Mine (e.g. Don Miguel prospect, , 8 km north of the Chungar Mine and 1 km E of the Chalhuacocha granodiorite, which was K-Ar dated at 10.0±0.3 Ma on biotite,[19] and the Puagjanca ore body, 4 km to the south[20]).

[1] https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/how-do-landslides-cause-tsunamis?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products landslide tsunamis, USGS, retrieved on April 15, 2020

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5] Volcan 2019; Memoria Anual 2018; 199 p.

[6] Company profile Compañía Minera Chungar S.A.C.,bnamericas.com, retrieved on April 6, 2020

[7] Volcan, Mining units, retrieved on April 6, 2020

[8] Volcan, Unidades Mineras, retrieved on April 6, 2020

[9]

[10]

[11] miningdataonline

[12] Data Base “alicia.concytec.gob.pe” retrieved on April 6, 2020

[13] Chungar zinc mine, WoodMackenzie Report, retrieved on April 6, 2020

[14] Noble, D. C., & McKee, E. H. (1999). The Miocene metallogenic belt of central and northern Peru. In: Geology and ore deposits of the Central Andes. Special Publication SEG, v. 7, p. 155–193.

[15] Soler, P., & Bonhomme, M. G. (1988). Oligocene magmatic activity and associated mineralization in the polymetallic belt of Central Peru. Economic Geology v. 83, 657-663.

[16]

[17] Bissig, T., Ullrich, T. D., Tosdal, R. M., Friedman, R., & Ebert, S. (2008). The time-space distribution of Eocene to Miocene magmatism in the central Peruvian polymetallic province and its metallogenetic implications. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 26(1), 16–35. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2008.03.004

[18]

[19]

[20]

title: Chungar Mine

question: Summarize everything relating to the mine's name.

answer: The mine was owned by Cia. Minera Chungar. It kept its name after transferring operations to the Animón mine. The use of the name "Chungar Mining Unit" by the Volcan mining company has led to confusion, and some people refer to the Animón mistakenly as the Chungar mine.

question: What does the article say about the working conditions in the mine?


text:
Students are demanding the University of New South Wales abandon its move to three academic terms per year, saying the new regime had left them stressed, overworked and out of sync with other universities.

UNSW this year became the first Group of Eight institution to adopt a trimester timetable, increasing the academic year by six weeks and offering up to three subjects per 10-week term rather than four per 13-week semester.

[UNSW students Macy Reen and Hersha Kadkol want UNSW to dump its new trimester system. ]

UNSW students Macy Reen and Hersha Kadkol want UNSW to dump its new trimester system. Credit:Louise Kennerley

The university's administration acknowledged teething problems, but said the system would allow students greater flexibility, give them the option of graduating earlier and let the campus be used year-round.

More than 1000 students have said they will attend a protest later this month. Critics accuse the university of trying to save money by rushing students through and running courses all year.

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"It's about getting more people in and out more quickly, which I don't think is a good thing," student Hersha Kadkol said. "Terms are much shorter than semesters, but there is a necessity to cover the same amount of content. It's a very stressful thing.

"The two-week break between terms has caused all sorts of problems. It's not enough time to recover from the increased pace." The longer term was also cutting into internships and paid work that aligned with school terms, such as tutoring and after-hours care, she said.

The National Tertiary Education Union has also opposed the change, with UNSW branch president Sarah Gregson saying university staff faced a conundrum.

"If they reduce course workload to ease student stress, there is a possibility that students will graduate without the quality of educational experience they need to do well in the workforce," she said.

Dr Gregson blamed government under-funding. "If staff and students were properly supported to learn, teach and research, the business model that trimesterisation embodies could rightly be discarded," she said.

UNSW Professor Merlin Crossley, the deputy vice-chancellor (academic), said the new system gave students greater flexibility. For example, a part-time workload would now be one subject per trimester, while students who took three subjects per term would have one trimester free.

It had also resulted in fewer timetable clashes, fewer scheduled classes, and a reduced exam load. "It's reduced the pressure on campus, and allowed us to reduce the number of early morning and evening lectures," he said.

However, there were teething problems, such as some students being given too much work. "We are looking to see whether we haven't been a bit enthusiastic about giving students more material and more assessments," he said.

Pre-exam study periods - known as stu-vac - have also been reduced. "I think the intensity of the pace of learning [means] we need to make sure we have a consolidation time before the assessments, I think that's a challenge," Professor Crossley said.

"We've had to change so many things. It would be wrong for me to underestimate what a monumental change it is, but it's basically worked."

First-year students were less worried than those who had experienced the previous system, said one, an engineering undergraduate who wanted to be known only as Luke. "Going from four subjects at school compared with three seems to reduce the workload," he said.

"I know a few others who feel the same way, but they are not as vocal as those who have been here a bit longer."

There were similar tensions when the University of Technology adopted a trimester timetable in 2016. In the transition year, student satisfaction plunged to the lowest of any university in Australia, but has since recovered.

question: What do students at the University of New South Wales want?

answer: They want the administration to abandon the move to three academic terms instead of four.

question: What reasons do the students give for wanting to return to the four term year?

answer: They say they feel stressed, overworked, and out of sync with other universities. It also cuts into internships and paid work that aligned with school terms.

question: What reasons does the administration give for keeping the three term year?

answer: The administration feels it allows students more flexibility, the option of graduating earlier, and allows for campus to be used year-round.

question: Who is quoted saying, "We are looking to see whether we haven't been a bit enthusiastic about giving students more material and more assessments."

answer: UNSW Professor Merlin Crossely

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Students at the University of New South Wales want the administration to abandon the move to three academic terms instead of four. They say they feel stressed, overworked, and out of sync with other universities. It also cuts into internships and paid work that aligned with school terms.