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The CHILOE RAILWAY was a narrow-gauge railway in Chiloé Island, running from the cities of Ancud to Castro that operated between 1912 and 1960. It also had a loading spur to the old port of Lechagua.

History

Construction

Until before of the construction of the railway, the only land route between Ancud and Castro – the two main cities of the island – was the old Caicumeo Road, opened at the end of the 18th century.

The first time that the idea of building a railway in Chiloé was mentioned is during the year 1899, when it was proposed by senator Ramón Rozas. However, the idea was rejected as too costly.[1]

Operation

During the first years of its opening, the trip between Ancud and Castro took about 5 hours. Derailments were common as due to a lack of railway experience on the island. The original stations of the main line, as listed by Luis Mansilla Vidal in 1914, were the following:[2]

-   Ancud
-   Pupelde
-   Coquiao
-   Puntra
-   Butalcura
-   Mocopulli
-   Pidpid
-   Castro

Three stations were constructed later: Piruquina (between Mocopulli and Pidpid), Llaullao (between Tenten and Pidpid) and Tenten (between Llaullao and Castro).[3]

The railroad was laid to the very narrow gauge of 600mm guage. Three bridges (San Antonio, Puntra and Butalcura) and fifteen viaducts were needed. On the branch to Lechagua a 152m dock was built. This was conceived as the starting point of a large port complex.[4]

It was initially planned to extend the railway to Quellón, and construct a branch from Mocopulli to Dalcahue.[5], but these projects were not done.

Closure

The track was severely damaged by the 1960 Valdivia earthquake, with part of it sinking under water and several of the bridges destroyed. At the same time, road construction made the reconstruction of the railway uncompetitive. The railway was not repaired and services never resumed.

Conservation and posterity

In 2008 the documentary “El Camahueto de Hierro” was filmed, which preserves for posterity the history of this railway.[6]

On 24 August 2016, the National Monuments Council approved an application to declare a group of railway properties belonging to the defunct Chiloé railway as a National Monument. These are the former Ancud Station, the Butalcura Bridge in Dalcahue and Locomotive 5057 in Castro.[7]

Gallery

File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 08.jpg|Passenger train File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 01.jpg|Construction File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 10.jpg|Bridge File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 07.jpg|Steam locomotive n°5044 File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 02.jpg|Insicion File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 05.jpg|Railbus at Castro station File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 04.jpg|Group photo File:Ferrocarril de Chiloé, Castro-Ancud 03.jpg|Group photo

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title: Chiloé railway

question: What does the text say about the Pony Express?

question: What does the text say about the Chiloé railway and its history?

answer: The Chiloé railway was a narrow-gauge railway in Chiloé Island, running from the cities of Ancud to Castro that operated between 1912 and 1960. It also had a loading spur to the old port of Lechagua. Until the construction of the railway, the only land route between the two main cities of the island - Ancud and Castro - was the old Caicumero Road that was opened at the end of the 18th century. Senator Ramón Rozas was the first person to propose the idea of building a railway in Chiloé in 1899, but the idea was rejected as being too expensive.

question: Summarize the operations of the Chiloé railway.

answer: The trip between Ancud and Castro took about five hours during the first years of the railway's opening. Derailments were common as the island lacked railway experience. In 1914, Luis Mansilla Vidal listed the island's original stations, which include Ancud, Pupelde, Coquiao, Puntra, Butalcura, Mocopulli, Pidpid, and Castro. Piruquina (between Mocopulli and Pidpid), Llaullao (between Tenten and Pidpid), and Tenten (between Llaullao and Castro) were constructed later. The railway was laid to the very narrow gauge of 600mm. Three bridges and 15 viaducts were needed. On the branch to Lechagua, a 152m dock was built.

question: What does the text say about the Chiloé railway's closure and recent efforts to preserve the site?

answer: The track was damaged by the 1960 Valdivia earthquake. Part of it sank underwater and several of the bridges were destroyed. At the same time, road construction made the reconstruction of the railway uncompetitive. The railway was not repaired and services never resumed. The 2008 documentary "El Camahueto de Hierro" was filmed to preserve the posterity and history of the Chiloé railway. On August 24, 2016, the National Monuments Council approved an application to declare a group of railway properties owned by the defunct Chiloé railway as a National Monument. The conserved sites include the former Ancud Station, the Butalcura Bridge in Dalcahue, and Locomotive 5057 in Castro.


split: test

text:
QONQURTAI () was a Mongol prince and viceroy of Anatolia for the Ilkhanate khanate.

Life

Qonqurtai was born to Hulagu Khan and Ajuja Aguchi, his Khitan concubine wife. Qonqurtai was Hulagu's ninth son and was the senior commander during the reign of his brother Abaqa. He was twice appointed as viceroy of Anatolia, first during the reign of Abaqa and then under Tekuder. His winter quarters were in Kazova plains near Tokat, while his viceroyalty itself has centred around Kayseri.

Rule in Anatolia

Qonqurtai was appointed as commander of Ilkhanid army in Anatolia with Shams al-Din Juvayni as his vizier after the Battle of Elbistan in 1277 to support the Sultanate of Rum against revolting Turcomans.[1] He pursed Jimri, a claimant to Seljuk throne, and attacked his patrons - the Karamanids. As a consequence, Mehmet I of Karaman was captured and executed together with his sons Mahmud and Karaman in October 1277.[2] Qonqurtai further authorised Sâhib Ata to act on his behalf. He aided Kaykhusraw III's efforts to subdue Karamanids and Eshrefids in 1282. However, Qonqurtai had to cease his activities upon hearing the death of Abaqa.

Upon the death of Abaqa, Qonqurtai supported Tekuder's succession in Maragha, who in return gave him the hand of Toqiyatai Khatun, a Keraite concubine of Hulagu and niece of Dokuz Khatun on 12 July 1282. He was also re-appointed as viceroy of Anatolia the same day.[3] However, later in Tekuder's reign, he shifted his alliance to Arghun, which made the former suspicious. Qonqurtai was summoned to Karabakh, accused of conspiracy and was arrested by Tegüder's son-in-law, Alinaq - the viceroy of Georgia on 17 January 1284, and was executed next day by breaking his neck.[4] Later, Arghun had put Tekuder on trial for Qonqurtai's death, who suffered the same penalty as him.

Personality

He was described as a wise ruler in _Zafarnamah_ by Hamdullah Mustawfi,[5] while Qalawun considered him as a not only dishonorable, but also cruel man.[6]

Family

He was married to Toqiyatai Khatun (d. 1292), a Keraite concubine of Hulagu and niece of Dokuz Khatun on 12 July 1282, and only two of his children reached adulthood.[7]:

1.  Esen Timur Kharbanda (executed by Ghazan in 1296[8])
    1.  Pulad
2.  Ildar (executed by Ghazan in 1296[9])
    1.  Aq Timur
3.  Karai (died in infancy)
4.  Changtimur (died in infancy)
5.  Tashtimur (died in infancy)
6.  Ashightimur (died in infancy)
7.  Akash m (died in infancy)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5] L. J. Ward, “The Ẓafar-nāmah of Ḥamd Allāh Mustaufi and the Il-Khān dynasty of Iran,” Ph.D. diss, p.204, University of Manchester, 1983.

[6]

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title: Qonqurtai

question: What does the text say about Qonqurtai?

answer: Qonqurtai was a Mongol prince. He was also the viceroy of Anatolia for the Ilkhanate khanate.

question: What does the text say about Qonqurtai's early life?

answer: Qonqurtai was born to Hulaghu Kha and Ajuja Aguchi. He was the ninth son and senior commander during the reign of his brother Abaqa. His viceroyalty was centred around Kayseri.

question: What does the text say about Qonqurtai's family?

answer: Qonqurtai was married to Toqiyatai Khatun in 1292. Only two of his children survived and reached adulthood. He had five children that died in infancy.

question: What does the text say about the royal lifestyle?


text:
Halloween is tomorrow, and horror fans everywhere are probably getting ready to replay some of their favorite scary games to celebrate the spooky occasion. We've already listed some of our favorite horror games to play this Halloween, but it turns out some of the weirdest, creepiest, most disturbing video game sequences actually come from games that aren’t even part of the horror genre proper.

Here are some of the scariest moments in non-horror games.

1. The morgue in Batman: Arkham Asylum

Batman is a dark series to begin with, but I wouldn’t classify the Arkham games as straight-up horror. That said, it was really awesome to see such a classically scary sequence in Batman: Arkham Asylum. It starts pretty tame: as you approach the double doors of the Arkham morgue, swarms of roaches begin to skitter across the dirty linoleum. Once inside, you might be prompted to roll your eyes: the spooky whispers and slamming freezer doors are a little cliche. But then you try to leave.

The room has looped in on itself, leading you back to the same morgue. Bruce’s parents taunt him from bodybags on the table and from the last bag, Scarecrow leaps out, plummeting you into a bizarre stealth sequence set across a hallucinatory obstacle course. One of the most clever and unexpected parts of the game.

2. Ravenholm in Half-Life 2

The seasoned horror game fan won’t find much to fret about when it comes to Ravenholm’s generically spooky atmosphere, this is the place you run into some of Half-Life 2’s most feared enemies. The first Poison Headcrab awaits you here, as does the dreaded Fast Zombie.

While it’s definitely a creepy level, the scare factor kind of fades when you’re running around slinging saw blades at everything with the Gravity Gun, but it would be a shame to leave this iconic level off the list.

3. Grand Theft Auto 5’s ghost lady

Grand Theft Auto 5 is a massive game brimming with fun easter eggs to find, from the Vinewood Zombie to the elusive Bigfoot, but it’s the Ghost of Mt. Gordo that makes this list for how unexpectedly creepy it is. This lady looks like someone I’d expect to run into in a Fatal Frame game or a Takashi Shimizu film, not hiking up in San Andreas. No thanks!

4. Gone Home’s basement

I know I’m not the only one who went into Gone Home expecting something spooky to happen and even though it never really does, that house wasn’t eerie on accident. Returning to a new home after traveling abroad to find your parents and little sister gone, a letter on the door demanding you don’t look for her, is freaky enough.

Later, you find a crumpled up note warning you not to look in the attic, newspaper clippings that explain why the kids at school call your sister “The Psycho House Girl,” a ton of hidden rooms in the walls, a jump scare involving a creepy cross, and other clues that, among all the cute romance stuff, start to point to something having gone afoul while you were away.

[]
Getting into the basement is one of the high points of the game’s mounting tension, as it’s classic horror film fashion to have something go down in there. Nothing does, but Gone Home does have a disturbing backstory that the perceptive player will pick up on, and many of the clues that help piece that subplot together are located down in that basement...

5. Max Payne’s drug trip

The gritty male action hero bent on revenge for the loss of his family is nothing new, but the first Max Payne really made us feel that… well, pain. Not only does the first game make you play the fateful day at the very start, when Max’s wife and baby are killed by violent druggies, but it forces the scene on you again much later when Max himself is administered an overdose of the same drug.

His ensuing trip is horrifying, set in a nightmarish funhouse version of his home where the echoes of his wife and child haunt the halls. A nauseatingly zoomed out camera makes Max’s return to that awful night that much more feverish, as does the surreal sequence at the end when he drops into a hellish abyss paved with the blood of his family. Jesus, Max Payne.

Queue depressing piano track.

6. Halo 3’s cavemen

Plenty of games have cool, hidden places and people for the wandering player to find. Sometimes they’re friendly, like Half-Life 2’s singing Vortigaunt tucked away in Water Hazard. Other times, they’re super freaky and unexplainable and seriously what is this:

[]
Yeah. In Halo 3’s Sierra 117 level, you can find a family of cavemen. They’re just sitting there, oddly proportioned and completely immobile. No idle animation, no way to interact… though if you shoot at them, blood does spurt out, so that’s pleasant.

7. Colonel’s freakout in Metal Gear Solid 2

Anyone who played Metal Gear Solid 1, with its infamous Psycho Mantis fight, should’ve been prepared for something like Metal Gear Solid 2’s twist involving the Colonel. But when it did roll around, the Colonel’s nonsensical rambling and glitchy skull face weren’t any less freaky.

8. Fighting Giygas in Earthbound

Earthbound may have been the inspiration behind weird horror games like Yume Nikki and the bizarre RPG Lisa, but it isn’t really a scary game in itself. Despite that, it still manages to have one of the most horrifying bosses of all time in the form of Giygas, an evil cosmic entity that looks like a swirling, screaming face.

The final fight against him is a hellishly psychedelic encounter, with Giygas constantly twisting and warping in the background. Fighting him is useless and eventually, the only thing you can do is pray. A bunch of kids trying to summon the love of the people they’ve helped in the face of evil incarnate is pretty intense. When Giygas is finally defeated, it goes out in an abrasive explosion of red static.

9. The screams of Oolacile in Dark Souls

Dark Souls, among many other things, has masterful sound design. The combination of music, environmental sound effects, the growl of enemies, and other layers of sound are composed with such care that you could probably listen to the ambient track of each area and recognize it immediately. (There’s actually a website just for ambient Dark Souls tracks.)

Another thing Dark Souls is good at is storytelling. It trusts you to piece things together with little exposition: just things you pick up from characters, item descriptions, and the world around you. Few places in Lordran combine this type of storytelling and careful sound design as well as Oolacile Township, where over the heavy wind in the valley you can hear the screams of its residents as the abyss takes over.

Sure, it’s easy to point to New Londo Ruins and say that’s the scariest place in Dark Souls, considering it’s literally inhabited by ghost skeletons, but the subtle horror of the Abyss and the fallen Oolacile is too good to pass up.

10. The Statue of Happiness in Grand Theft Auto 4

Grand Theft Auto’s parody of American culture was never as scathing and dark as it was in Grand Theft Auto 4. Liberty City, the GTA parallel of New York where protagonist Niko Bellic makes his home, is also home to the Statue of Happiness. This Statue of Liberty-inspired monument stands tall and green off the coast, clutching a coffee cup in one hand and a tablet that mocks America’s treatment of immigrants in the other. Besides its maniacally grinning face, there’s nothing really scary about it on the surface.

Go inside, though, and the sight is a little disturbing: suspended within is a huge, anatomically correct human heart, hung up with chains and still beating. Definitely one of the weirder easter eggs in a Grand Theft Auto game. If you get too drunk in The Ballad of Gay Tony and pass out, you can actually wake up in there. Not something I’d want to see with a hangover, or ever.

11. Pokemon’s Lavender Town

The creepy theme song, all the urban legends about child suicide resulting from said creepy theme song, the ghost town vibe, the fan theory about Gary’s dead Raticate… even though only half of what makes Lavender Town scary are verifiable, this place is one of the most undeniably off-putting places in an otherwise pleasant game.

12. Cave sounds in Minecraft

Why. Why, Minecraft? I’m just sitting here, digging for some coal, minding my own business, and you have to play _this_? I know I’m not the only one who’s played Minecraft into the late hours of the night, until my music playlist has reached its end, leaving me in utter silence down in the darkness of a deep mine.

It’s true that the hiss of a Creeper might cause more alarm for someone carrying a lot of valuable items, but for me, it’s when I’m lost somewhere underground and start hearing these otherworldly sounds in the absence of everything else that I start to freak out.

13. When Ecco the Dolphin’s pod is abducted

Ecco the Dolphin looks like a pleasant game on the surface. You’re a dolphin in a bright, sunny part of the ocean, hanging out with all your friends, enjoying life, doing cool flips, ignoring all the creepy stuff the other dolphins are saying (“Ecco, if we breathe air, why do we live beneath the waves?”) when suddenly – aliens.

Jump too high in the air and a horrible sound freezes you in mid-air, sucking all the surrounding sea life out of the ocean, including your dolphin podmates. (Skip to about 1:00 in the video to see it.) When it’s over, you plummet back down into the eerie dark blue of the ocean, suddenly alone. If you think that’s scary, wait until you see the game’s final boss. Nope.

This list doesn’t include all the weird, scary, or disturbing moments in non-horror games, but these are some of our favorites. There are still classics like Thief’s Shalebridge Cradle and Ocarina of Time’s Bottom of the Well… we could go on and on. Share your personal favorites with us in the comments below! _Chloi Rad is a Staff Writer for IGN. You can follow her on Twitter at @_chloi._

question: Summarize everything related to Minecraft.

answer: The author states that a Creeper might hiss at the player. The author also states that the otherworldly sounds in the game can be scary.

question: What happens in the morgue in the game "Batman: Arkham Asylum"?

answer: In the morgue, whispers and voices can be heard. When you try to leave the morgue, the room loops in on itself. Batman's parents taunt him from body bags on the table. Scarecrow leaps out and then a hallucinatory obstacle course ensues.

question: What is the focus of the article?

answer: The focus of the article is listing scary and disturbing sequences and moments in non-horror videogames.

question: What happens in Metal Gear Solid 2?

answer: The Colonel has a mental breakdown.

question: How much does Grand Theft Auto 5 cost?


text:
Oct 20 2018, 5:30 PMOct 22 2018, 9:32 AMOctober 20 2018, 5:30 PMOctober 22 2018, 9:32 AM

(Bloomberg) -- Saudi Arabia’s about-face admission that journalist and government critic Jamal Khashoggi was killed inside its consulate in Istanbul earlier this month sent shockwaves through a country where many had believed -- and defended -- initial official claims that the authorities had nothing to do with it.

“A very sad day for this nation, to see what the country had descended into,” said one Saudi man, who spoke on condition of anonymity to criticize a government that tolerates virtually no dissent. “No country is perfect, but used to be proud that the country had a certain morality that aligned with Arabian values. We lost that forever unfortunately.”

[Official Flip-Flop on Khashoggi Shocks Saudis]

The Saudi government admitted early Saturday that Khashoggi was killed on Oct. 2 after “discussions” turned violent in the diplomatic mission where he’d come for documents for his wedding. Khashoggi died after he was placed in a choke hold, according to a person with knowledge of the Saudi probe. King Salman removed a top royal adviser, and prosecutors said 18 others had been detained in the case.

The moves were an abrupt reversal from previous professions of innocence. In an interview with Bloomberg News the day after Khashoggi vanished, Crown prince Mohammed bin Salman said the Washington Post contributor left the premises unscathed. Under mounting international pressure, King Salman ordered an internal investigation last week.

[Official Flip-Flop on Khashoggi Shocks Saudis]

Controversy Continues

While U.S. President Donald Trump welcomed Saturday’s moves as “a good first step,” the admission met widespread skepticism on Capitol Hill and in other capitals. Turkish media have cited unnamed officials as saying they have audio recordings and other evidence Khashoggi was tortured and dismembered by Saudi agents within minutes of arriving at the consulate.

The crisis has revealed vulnerabilities for 33-year-old prince Mohammed as he faces the strongest questioning of his rule among skeptics abroad since he was appointed crown prince last year. The adviser the king removed Saturday, Saud al-Qahtani, was a prominent aide to the prince.

“I’m furious about what happened,” said a Saudi in his late 30s. “I hate when Saudi officials get carried away and torture people. We heard many stories during the 1980s and thought it was behind us. And now this.”

“I’m so broken right now,” said another Saudi. “I thought the Turks did it,” he added, referring to claims spread by government supporters on social media that Saudi rivals such as Qatar, Turkey or the Muslim Brotherhood were behind his disappearance.

While some accepted the latest news, several admitted that they did not believe the new narrative.

Skepticism Remains

“Why couldn’t they say where they dumped the body?” said a 24-year-old Saudi woman in Jeddah. “If he did die during a fist fight, finding that out shouldn’t have taken this long.”

One Saudi man said he found it hard to believe that Prince Mohammed had known nothing about the case if al-Qahtani was involved -- although the authorities didn’t publicly link his sudden dismissal to the Khashoggi case.

Saudi Arabia has very limited opinion polling and tight controls on expression, so it’s difficult to say whether the Saudis who spoke to Bloomberg reporters were representative of the wider population.

In public, Saudi Twitter users praised the kingdom for its honest and fair investigation into Khashoggi’s disappearance, and the hashtag “Kingdom of Justice” was trending in Saudi Arabia Saturday morning.

“He who thinks that there’s work without mistakes is delusional and ignorant,” said pro-government Twitter user Ibrahim Altamimi, asserting that the case won’t affect the future Prince Mohammed’s economic transformation plan.

“Saudi Arabia is the country of justice, the right and the destination of Islam and Muslims, and its actions are proof of its sincerity, justice and courage,” said Saudi cleric Ali Almalki.

question: Why did one Saudi man say "No country is perfect, but used to be proud that the country had a certain morality that aligned with Arabian values. We lost that forever unfortunately.”

answer: He was reacting to Saudi Arabia’s about-face admission that journalist and government critic Jamal Khashoggi was killed inside its consulate in Istanbul earlier this month sent shockwaves through a country where many had believed -- and defended -- initial official claims that the authorities had nothing to do with it.

question: What happened to Khashoggi?

answer: Khashoggi was killed on the 2nd of October after he went to the diplomatic mission to get documents for his wedding. There are conflicting stories about how he died. One report says that things had turned violent and Khashoggi died after he was placed in a choke hold. Yet, Turkish media have cited unnamed officials as saying they have audio recordings and other evidence Khashoggi was tortured and dismembered by Saudi agents within minutes of arriving at the consulate.


text:
(This story is entirely fictional. Thank you for reading)

Six months had passed since my mother’s suicide. I just turned sixteen and was still unstable emotionally. Every pompous dyke at my high school made sure to tell if I needed anything to just ask and to feel free to express my feelings to them. The only thing I wanted was my mother back but since that wasn’t an option, instead I wanted everyone to just shut the fuck up. My father drank himself into the emergency room twice now and has refused to join AA. He lost his license, but luckily I have my learner’s permit and can chauffer him around so he can still get a daily fix. I loathe him. He thinks he’s the only one suffering and makes sure to express his frustration as often as possible by using his fists on walls and his throat with alcohol. Tonight marks six months to the day she pulled the trigger and my father made sure to extend his streak of drunken escapades.
It wasn’t until he threw his mug across the kitchen after I told him that mom wouldn’t have let this happen. After the final piece of glass struck the floor, I stopped cringing and opened my eyes, ready to ‘express my feelings’.
“You think you’re the only person whose life changed? You think you’re the only one who wakes up every morning asking ‘Why Me’?”
I was horrified but it was all just coming out of me. My distress, rage, loneliness, disgust, everything; I was terrified this day would come. I never knew when it would happen but I did know it was going to change everything, and with life as fucked up as it is now, how could it get any worse? I was standing in the living room near the family portrait hanging on the wall and he was sitting and the kitchen table. He stood up.
“Who do you think you are? What makes you think you can talk to me like that!?”
“I’m not a child any more, why can’t you accept that!?”
“Because you ARE a child, you don’t know how the real world works.”
“Just because I don’t have a fucking job and own a piece of shit house that you audaciously call a ‘home’ that doesn’t mean I don’t know what the FUCK I’m talking about.”
This was the first time I said ‘fuck’ in front of my father, and I tensed up a little bit before it came off my tongue, but there was no going back. We were standing off, me on the carpet and him on the linoleum. This was it, I was letting it go. I was so livid I wanted everything I loved and hated in the world around me to explode and crumble leaving nothing behind but ash and screams. Every day I did the same thing and made no improvement on myself or others, why was I even trying? I was a walking corpse. I didn’t feel like anything was real; all these people were drones dressed up as a lie and every smile I saw cut me deeper than any knife. “Fucking liars”, I thought.
“What the fuck did you just say to me?”
I felt a bit of pride when he said this; I got him off his balance. Maybe he would realize he wasn’t talking to a sixteen year old girl anymore. This was it, I was a woman; a ferocious one at that. I felt powerful. Could this be it? I’ll show him.
“You heard me.” I said calmly, “I know exactly what this ‘real world’ is so don’t disguise it as this anomaly that I’ll never understand.”
He took a step closer but kept his distance. “You may understand it someday, but that’s not today (name). So don’t FUCKING act like you know everything and that you’re entitled to say this shit.” He closed his left fist tightly and stuck out his index finger at me. “YOU have no respect for others so you don’t deserve it in return, you callous whore!”
I always thought it was humorous when he called me a whore, he thought it made me angry. Being called a whore by your dad in your house is different than being called one in school by the cheering squad, so I didn’t care. Just because he stormed in at the wrong time and caught me pulling down Jared’s pants when I entered that lonely period last month, it didn’t mean I was a whore. Bastard. Am I really a whore? No, no definitely not. But maybe him thinking I was a whore would piss him off. Here goes nothing.
“You’re right, I’m such a whore. That night when you came home and went straight to bed without making me dinner, I called Jared and Hector over and I jerked off Jared while taking it up the ass from Hector. That’s why your favorite pair of socks went missing from the porch that one time. I made them each finish into them and I told them to take ‘em home.” That wasn’t true at all, I actually made myself mac & cheese and was watching Risky Business on TV. I wanted to try sliding across the floor because I hadn’t since I was probably nine years old. Since I wasn’t wearing socks and didn’t want to go upstairs to get my own because I was afraid I would wake him up, I used his favorite pair of Fruit Of The Loom Heavy Duty Crew Work socks that he puts next to his work boots every night.
On my third slide I hit an edge of linoleum that was sticking up and ripped the first sock wide open and dragged the second one just enough so the thread pulled straight off the center and almost decapitated the light brown section near the toes. I panicked because when I shrunk his first pair in the dryer he almost tore my bedroom door off its hinges. I ran across the street and threw them in my neighbor’s trash can. I figured he would know I did something if I didn’t do something with his boots so I put them outside on the porch. In the morning he asked where his boots were and I said I put them outside because they smelled. We both assumed his socks were taken by a raccoon or something. He had to buy a new pair of boots because upon finding out he chucked that pair off the porch, and I think a raccoon really did take those.
Now gritting his teeth, he spoke under his breath: “Cunt”. Yep, I heard it, he didn’t think I did, but I did. He was surely pissed now, so I knew I had him.
“Yeah, just your little whore daughter, right? I do stuff like that because I wasn’t brought up right. And because I miss her. If she were still her she would have continuing raising me right!”
“I’m doing the best I can so I’m sorry I’m not perfect! I miss her too but she was suffering and fixed her fucking problem so why can’t you do the same and learn to fix yours.”
I truly thought he just told me to kill myself. Sometimes I wonder if he truly did or not, but it sure sounded like it.
“You know what, fuck you. She killed herself to get away from you, you were too unbearable to be around and instead of her killing you, she wanted you to live alone and miserable. You were the one that fucking killed her!”
I stopped. He stopped. Everything paused for a second. Nothingness…
It took me only a split second to realize what I said, and it hurt me inside. That’s when I knew I was still alive, because I felt that regret immediately. And he knew it too. His expression went from pure anger to relinquished horror. He looked right at me. Right after I said it the wrinkles around my eyes went away, my eyebrows slowly lifted and my lips closed shut. My expression was dead. It was like I was a robot and my programmer just flipped the OFF switch and I went back to my neutral state. I held myself steady. I didn’t blink because if I did I knew a tear would follow. In that moment, I knew I hurt him, and he knew I knew I hurt him. I have no recollection of how much time passed in that moment; it was either a few seconds or a few minutes. I never forgot his expression and he never forgot mine. I would have done anything to take it back, anything.
The mixture of emotions displayed in his expression caused my vision to haze. He was hurt, embarrassed, ashamed, and worst of all, livid. He stood very still, arms at his side but not touching his torso. His shoulders appeared broader and his stance was spread. He looked like someone standing on train tracks and having a freight train that was rapidly approaching him, physically preparing to dive at the last second. Out of the corner of my eye I saw the middle finger on his right hand twitch, and I couldn’t breathe. I was frozen, eyes still wide. I never feared him more than in this moment, and it lasted for an eternity.
He blinked, and then took a slight inhale. I thought he knew what he was going to do next but didn’t know how he could live with himself if he did it. I was mentally bracing myself for the end. When you’re staring down a lion, your only option is to be the prey. The ambiance was so silent I could hear the wind blowing against the siding on the house. I would have done anything to get away from this moment, but I couldn’t move. I was terrified I couldn’t get away.
His shoulders released all tension and his arms relaxed. Then it happened. He shivered out one final exhale before he turned and walked out of the room.
My eyes didn’t follow him; they remained fixed to where his eyes were two seconds earlier. It wasn’t until he was out of my peripheral that I felt my knees give and I fell to the ground. I reached out for anything to prevent my inevitable plummet and managed to brace the wall as I choked out the breath that I was holding. I cried. I cried profusely; as hard as I did when he held me six months earlier and told me she was gone. If I had to imagine what having an asthma attack was like, this moment would be my reference.
Minutes passed. I was on the ground in the small corner of wall that connects the kitchen and living room together. My hand was reaching over to the cold floor feeling the spot where my tears had fallen. My snot rag of a shirt was now wrinkled near the collar. I struggled to pull myself together. I someone figured out how to work my legs again and got to my feet. I put shoes on as quickly as I could and ran outside.
I didn’t stop running. I didn’t look back. If I could do it all over again I would. Even if I could just have stayed, that would be enough. But I didn’t. And I never spoke to my father again.

title: The Last Day - An emotional and disturbing change of a teenager's final encounter

question: What does the text say about the death of the narrator's mother?

answer: The narrator's mother committed suicide 6 months ago. Because of this, the narrator becomes emotionally unstable, and her father starts to have a drinking problem.

question: What does the text say about why the mother killed herself?

answer: In an argument with her daughter, the narrator's father mentions that his wife was suffering and fixed her problem. The narrator, though, blames her father for her mother's death, saying that she killed herself to get away from him.

question: What does the text say about the drunkenness of the narrator's father?

answer: To cope with the loss of his wife, the narrator's father drowns himself in alcohol. He was sent to the emergency room twice but still refuses to join AA. The narrator despises him for being always drunk.

question: What does the text say about the symptoms of mental health disorder?


text:
RAMI EID, known professionally as OFFRAMI, is a music producer from Lebanon, residing in Los Angeles. Offrami began his career by going under the artist name “RAMI”, accumulating over eight hundred thousand monthly listeners on Spotify. In 2019, he decided to change his official artist name from RAMI to offrami forcing him to change his artist account on all streaming platforms. He currently has over three hundred thousand monthly listeners on Spotify under his new artist name offrami.[1]

Career

Early life

Offrami was born on March 12, 1994, in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates but is of Lebanese descent. He spent the majority of his youth in Beirut before moving to Florida to pursue his passion of making music. He began attending Full Sail University, one of the top ranked colleges for music production in the US,[2][3] and majored in Recording Arts. Right after graduating, offrami took up an internship at a recording studio in Glenwood, California called Glenwood Place Studios where he was able to get a first-hand view of well-known artists and their producers work. The artists included but are not limited to names such as Lil Wayne, Bruno Mars, Burna Boy, and Pharrell Williams. This fueled his passion for music and set him on the path of turning his hobby of music production into a full-time career.

2016

Offrami started off his career as a remix-artist in an attempt to prove himself and build an audience before launching any originals. His rise to fame began with his remix of Arizona's song 'I Was Wrong'[4][5] reaching #1 on Hype Machine and racking over seven million plays on SoundCloud.[6] His first remix's success allowed him to receive additional remix requests by artists taking on another track shortly after called 'Swim' by Cape Cub under the label Disco:Wax - Sony Norde.[7] 'Swim' racked over twenty million plays on Spotify and was offrami's second song to reach #1 on Hype Machine.[8] 2016 included another remix by offrami for MaJLo[9]'s song 'Another Day' which racked over fifteen million plays on Spotify. After seeing his remixes successes, offrami decided to end the year by releasing an original along with artist Natio, 'Breathing', under the label Armada Music.

2017

After releasing his first original, offrami enjoyed the process of creating his own work. He began the year by signing with Disco:Wax - Sony Norde. During this year offrami released 4 original songs, with each song racking over four million plays on Spotify. offrami ended the year with an officially signed remix by Island Records for Nick Jonas's single 'Find You'.[10] Nick Jonas Find You Rami Remix

2018

Offrami started the year with two more official remixes signed by Island Records, Bishop Briggs' Dream and Youngr's LIT. Continuing with his original work, he teamed up with Colton Avery and CASP:R under Disco:Wax - Sony Norde to release 'Fireproof'. Throughout 2018 offrami pursued a variety of opportunities pushing himself to explore different sounds of his own. His music style evolved from tropical house to a blend of electronic and urban feel good sounds. He ended the year with releasing his first Dancehall pop original song 'Santa Monica' with artist Hoosh under the label Lowly Palace.

2019

2019 marked offrami's most independent and original year thus far. Offrami began 2019 by releasing 7 original songs independently noticing the attraction his music is still receiving without being signed to a label. The results he attained with his independent work led him to pursue another dream he had since beginning his career which was entering the Music business world by opening up his own music label, 'LOSTBOY.LA'. He launched the label by releasing two original songs under lostboy.la, 'HOEM' with Hoosh and 'Pon Your Face' with Skales.

2020

In an attempt to build his label lostboy.la, and in pursuit to satisfy his cravings for creating a variety of music of different genres, offrami began producing music under alias profiles. OFFKAKTUS[11] offkaktus Spotify Profile was the first alias he created to begin producing Lofi music. With an interest in Tech house, he created an different alias called MYNDPVLVCE.[12] myndpvlvce Spotify Profile Offrami decided to sign both artists to lostboy.la. offkaktus currently has a release EP called 'Misery Avenue'[13] Misery Avenue Album made up of 8 songs along with a new single called 'More Than Just a Friend'. myndpvlvce on the other hand has only 1 single released, with offrami planning several more releases in 2020 for both artists. As for himself, offrami will be releasing his first original independent EP 'We're Not Really Strangers' in 2020 with his first single scheduled for release on March 12.

Discography

Originals

  Year   Title                 Primary Artist(s)     Featuring Artist(s)   Label(s)
  ------ --------------------- --------------------- --------------------- -----------------------
  2016   Breathing             offrami, Natio        F R A N C I S         Armada
  2017   Losing You            offrami, CASP:R       Mougleta              Disco:Wax
  2017   Our Hearts            offrami               Tom Bailey            Disco:Wax
  2017   Far From Home         offrami               Mougleta              Disco:Wax
  2017   Foolish               offrami, Hoosh        N/A                   Disco:Wax
  2018   Fireproof             offrami, CASP:R       Colton Avery          Disco:Wax
  2018   Santa Monica          offrami, Hoosh        N/A                   Lowly
  2019   Ro Dada               offrami               TeeDeeVee             offrami (Independent)
  2019   Messi                 offrami               TeeDeeVee             offrami (Independent)
  2019   Let Me Go             offrami               N/A                   offrami (Independent)
  2019   Kumbaye               offrami               Rotex                 offrami (Independent)
  2019   How Did We Get Here   offrami               N/A                   offrami (Independent)
  2019   Ella Es Asi           offrami, Sam Smyers   HSTN                  offrami (Independent)
  2019   Call The Police       offrami, Valleyz      Rotex                 offrami (Independent)
  2019   Pon Your Face         offrami, Skales       N/A                   lostboy.la
  2019   HOEM                  offrami, Hoosh        N/A                   lostboy.la

Remixes

  Year   Title         Original Artist(s)   Remixer(s)        Label(s)
  ------ ------------- -------------------- ----------------- -------------------------
  2016   Swim          Cape Cub             offrami           Disco:Wax, Black Butter
  2016   Another Day   Majlo                offrami           Disco:Wax
  2016   I Was Wrong   ARIZONA              offrami, Jiinio   Atlantic Records
  2017   Find You      Nick Jonas           offrami           Island Records
  2018   L.I.T         Youngr               offrami           Island Records
  2018   Dream         Bishop Briggs        offrami           Island Records
  2018   Antidote      Kiso                 offrami           N/A
  2018   Rivers        Allman Brown         offrami           N/A

[1] offrami Spotify Artist Profile

[2] Top 10 Colleges For Music Production

[3] Top Music Production Schools

[4] I Was Wrong Rami x Jiinio Remix

[5] Arizona I Was Wrong Remix

[6] AUX London Arizon Rami Remix

[7] Disco Wax Releases Rami Swim Remix

[8] Cape Cub Rami Remix

[9] MaJLo Wikipedia

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

title: Offrami

question: Summarize Offrami's journey from an intern at a music studio to a music producer and artist.

answer:
Rami Eid aka Offrami was born in 1994 in Abu Dhabi. He spent most of his youth in Beirut before moving to Florida where he studied Recording Arts at Full Sail University. After graduating, Offrami signed up as an intern at Glenwood Place, a recording studio in California. He got to view Lil Wayne, Bruno Mars, and Pharrell Willimas at the studio and that set him on a path of music production as a career.

Offrami started his music career as a remix artist in 2016, building audient on SoundCloud. His successes led him to receive remix requests from artists like MaJLo and Cape Cub. These requests got millions of streams and launched Offrami into releasing an original single with artist Natio under the label Armada Music.

After many original releases, Offrami launched his own label Lostboy.la where he creates varieties of music under different aliases. His next single "We're Not Really Strangers", is set for release on March 12, 2020.


text:
A new ruling could jeopardize India’s controversial collection of citizens’ fingerprints, photographs, and iris scans.

September 5, 2017

[Women stand in a line to enroll in the Unique Identification (UID) database system at Merta district in the desert Indian state of Rajasthan February 22, 2013. ]
Women in the Indian state of Rajasthan enroll in Aadhaar in 2013. Mansi Thapliyal / Reuters
In 2009, with little attention from abroad, the government of India launched a new identification program that has gone on to become the largest biometric database in the world. The program, known as Aadhaar, has collected the names, addresses, phone numbers—and perhaps more significantly, fingerprints, photographs, and iris scans—of more than 1 billion people. In the process, Aadhaar has taken on a role in virtually all parts of day-to-day life in India, from schools to hospitals to banks, and has opened up pathways to a kind of large-scale data collection that has never existed before.

The Indian government views Aadhaar as a key solution for a myriad number of societal challenges, but critics see it as a step toward a surveillance state. Now, the Aadhaar experiment faces a significant threat from the Indian Supreme Court—one that may prove to be existential.

In late August, the Supreme Court issued a unanimous decision that found, for the first time, a fundamental right to privacy in the Indian Constitution. The decision has been widely celebrated by Aadhaar’s opponents, who believe that the program is in conflict with the newly enshrined right. Soon, the Supreme Court will direct its attention to this very issue, and if they find that Aadhaar violates privacy rights, it will be up to lawmakers to rethink the entire program. But if the Supreme Court rules that the program is constitutional, then Aadhaar, already staggering in scope and ambition, will continue to grow.

When the Indian government first launched Aadhaar, it saw an opportunity to harness the country’s burgeoning technology sector to reduce corruption and streamline the delivery of government services. Prior to the advent of Aadhaar, the government has said it was plagued by problems managing its welfare programs, and lost millions of dollars each year as Indian residents either inserted fake names or their own names multiple times into the system in order to withdraw more than their fair share of benefits. With Aadhaar, the practice of accessing benefits became a simple matter of touching a fingerprint scanner. If the fingerprint matches the one on file, the benefit can be approved and administered. When it is working well, the process is comparable to unlocking an iPhone, and ensures that government benefits go only to the people who qualify.

Open to all Indian residents, Aadhaar was optional at first and associated with only a handful of government subsidies, including those for food and liquefied petroleum gas for cooking. It was targeted at those who needed help the most, particularly rural villagers who lacked official forms of identification, and were therefore unable to open bank accounts or access welfare programs in the past.

But over time, mission creep set in. Under the leadership of Nandan Nilekani, the cofounder of the outsourcing firm Infosys (whom Jon Stewart once welcomed as his new overlord on _The Daily Show_), Aadhaar was used as a way to apply data-driven improvements to a wide range of government and private-sector services. Aadhaar was soon linked to so many activities that it has now become almost impossible to live in India without enrolling. Participation in the program is a requirement, or will be soon, for filing taxes, opening bank accounts, receiving school lunch in the state of Uttar Pradesh, purchasing railway tickets online, accessing some public Wi-Fi, participating in the state of Karnataka’s universal health-care coverage, and benefiting from a wide range of welfare programs. The Indian Member of Parliament Jairam Ramesh has sarcastically described the program as “compulsorily mandatorily voluntary.”

The government authority responsible for administering Aadhaar declined to comment, but in an op-ed for _The Indian Express_, its CEO, Ajay Bhushan Pandey, wrote that the program has saved the government approximately $8 billion in the past two years alone (the World Bank has estimated that the figure is closer to $1 billion per year). Pandey says that the program has succeeded in improving the government’s capacity for reaching and serving people directly.

For many of the communities Aadhaar was designed to help—particularly the poor and the underserved—the technology hasn’t lived up to the sunny rhetoric, however. In a country with inconsistent internet outside of its large cities, remote towns struggle to get online to authenticate peoples’ fingerprints with the central database. Some enrollees insist that their satellite-internet access works only on cloudy days; others say it functions best when it’s sunny.

According to an analysis of government data by Reetika Khera, a professor of economics at the Indian Institute of Technology in Delhi, millions of people have missed out on government benefits because of Aadhaar. In some cases, that’s because those who are elderly or disabled are unable to walk to the distribution sites to verify their identities. Others, who do manual labor, find that their fingerprints are too weathered from years of physical exertion to scan correctly, and so are denied their food rations.

Nikhil Dey, one of the founders of the grassroots organization Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan, also studied the government’s data. He found that approximately 1 million people in the state of Rajasthan had been unfairly dropped from the government lists for food subsidies due to Aadhaar, and more than 3 million were unable to collect their designated grain allocations. In one district alone, Dey says, 1,350 out of approximately 2,900 people marked “dead” or “duplicate” were actually neither, but lost access to their pensions anyway.

Despite these implementation challenges, the scariest parts about the program for privacy advocates are its ubiquity and lax security. According to the technology engineer Anand Venkatanarayanan, when biometric information is used to access a service via Aadhaar, such as purchasing a new cell phone, the service provider receives that person’s demographic data (name, address, phone number), and the government receives the metadata—specifically, the date and time of the transaction, the form of identification used, and the companywith which the transaction was carried out. That information can paint a fuzzy but intimate long-term picture of a person’s life, and raises concerns about both government surveillance and private-sector abuse.

There is already ample evidence of misuse. High-profile examples from the past several months have dominated news cycles: 210 government agencies published full names, addresses, and Aadhaar numbers of welfare beneficiaries; 120 million users’ Aadhaar information appears to have been leaked from the telecommunications company Reliance Jio (the company claimed the data was inauthentic); bank-account and Aadhaar details of more than 100 million people were disclosed through certain open-government portals; the government’s e-hospital database was hacked to access confidential Aadhaar information.

These disclosures may be most damaging for those who are already vulnerable. Apar Gupta, a lawyer on the team that challenged Aadhaar before the Supreme Court, is particularly concerned about many Dalits (previously the “untouchables” in the caste system) and migrant laborers who work as manual scavengers, entering sewers without protection to clean them by hand. It’s a dangerous occupation with a high fatality rate, and it can also bring immense social stigma. Gupta worries that Aadhaar will permanently stigmatize these individuals by allowing future employers, schools, banks, and new acquaintances to view their database information and judge them based on their socioeconomic standing. Social mobility in India could become even more difficult. So could hiding a pregnancy or a gender-reassignment surgery, or failing the eighth grade. In many of the objections raised about Aadhaar, there’s a kernel of fear that the program could turn a person’s identity into a prison.

The August 24 Supreme Court ruling seemed to address these concerns, making the case that privacy is essential for an individual to function in society. “Privacy ensures that a human being can lead a life of dignity by securing the inner recesses of the human personality from unwanted intrusion,” Justice Dhananjaya Y. Chandrachud wrote. In arriving at its decision, the Supreme Court rejected two previous decisions from the 1950s and 1960s that denied a right to privacy, and instead framed privacy as a “primordial” right that must be understood in the context of an interconnected world. The justices further emphasized the point by referencing international jurisprudence about privacy from the United States, Canada, South Africa, and the European Union.

That didn’t surprise Mishi Choudhary, the legal director of the Software Freedom Law Center, who noted that “we’re at a stage where technology is sweeping the planet in almost the same way. A lot of countries are looking to each other for guidance on how to adapt their jurisprudence to suit the current world.”

Over the last few years, Russia, Tunisia, Morocco, and Algeria have all expressed interest in the Aadhaar program, and according to reports, representatives from Tanzania, Afghanistan, and Bangladesh recently visited India to learn more about implementing an Aadhaar system of their own. As the Supreme Court once again prepares for hearings about Aadhaar, the world will be paying close attention.

We want to hear what you think about this article. Submit a letter to the editor or write to letters@theatlantic.com.

Namrata Kolachalam is a writer based in Mumbai. From 2011 to 2017, she worked as a communications officer and spokesperson for the Obama administration.

question: What does the article say about Aadhaar?

answer: Aadhaar is an identification program that has collected the names, addresses, phone numbers, fingerprints, photographs, and iris scans of over a billion people. The Indian government views it as a solution to various societal problems, while critics see it as a step toward a surveillance state. The Supreme Court ruled in support of privacy in the Indian Constitution, which is a threat to the Aadhaar program if it is found to violate privacy rights. Aadhaar was optional at first but soon became linked to so many activities that life was impossibly without enrolling.

question: What does the article say about the 2020s?


text:
Chapter 1: The Rules, Rankings and Responsibilities

Finally God allows me to tell my tale. First off, I am an angel. It takes centuries to become a Dream Guardian. You need to understand more than what several lifetimes can teach you.¬ Demons have no rules and no pattern just like nightmares. I do not deal with demons any more but that is for another tale.

Dream Guardians are still angels and we have rules while our enemies do not. Rules are in place for YOUR protection not ours I mean, it’s not like we can die but you can. Our rules are more guidelines and can be broken as we see fit. Firstly, do not show yourself unless absolutely necessary. You know that feeling you get when you feel calm even though you see something that would usually scare you during sleep paralysis? That is something we can do but it isn’t the best choice if you are in danger. We can’t attack during this. Secondly, only put people into a state of sleep paralysis if you are in danger in your sleep and you can’t break free from being held or touched in any way from a monster. Putting you in a state of paralysis is a last resort but buys us a few seconds as they have to re-enter your “sanctuary”. And lastly, we are invisible by choice. We need to wake you before they touch you. Everyone isn't the same to wake up so we don’t know how hard it will be. We try to fight them as you sleep. Those nightmares you have but wake up and can’t remember? We showed ourselves to fight which erases the dream altogether.

Everybody has a different imagination and fear so we have no idea what we are fighting. This is why we are the top angels in heaven. Demons don’t change, their motives do. And we don’t have wings by the way. We can fly but we look like we did back in the mortal world.

People we do not manage to save die, or more commonly known, “bed death” or “cot death”. Some missions will never leave your memory. The hardest part is seeing them at the pearl gates and explaining what happened. As a sign of respect we take 6 earth months off to look over the family and help them through. Very rarely God allows us to project dreams of lost ones into the affected peoples dream so they can say goodbye properly. It is something every Guardian Angel has been through yet it does not get any easier. Imagine kissing your child goodnight and without knowing goodbye too. They sleep in perfect health in their favourite pyjamas wrapped in their blanket with their scent on it. Waiting, excited or any other emotion for tomorrow to inevitably come. But it never does, it never will. The night takes a toll and by morning they are gone. You watch as the first person who tries to wake them start being concerned and then begin to shake. Full denial until they feel their pulse. They break down with their uniform still in hand ready to get them changed for school and just as their knees grow weak they fall to the ground screaming uncontrollably as the rest of the family come running in realising what has happened and no one has anything to say but cry and ask God why. The ambulance comes and declares the rough time of death as you watch helplessly knowing this is your fault and you can’t say sorry. The rest of the day is carried out with the family being closer than they ever have been. People offering their condolences but nothing in the world can make them better than to bring the child back. But nothing can bring them back. And the worst part? The worst part is when they kiss them goodbye and say “I love you” as tears helplessly run down their face. The pain is unimaginable.

Children are the hardest to save, their imaginations are a lot wilder and they don’t understand how one minute they can be hugging their parents and the next minute an unknown figure is holding them tight crushing them. They are too weak and confused and just before they draw a last breath they are in a sleep paralysis. The one DAMN THING I can rely on usually and I only make them more helpless as not all children understand that the bedroom is the safest place so they don’t have a sanctuary yet and the monster is already on top of them choking them before I can wake them. PLEASE make your children understand they are safe in their bedroom. I can’t describe the feeling of fear and sickness I get when I realise a child does not feel safe where they sleep. And yes this is one of many true stories. He was 5. He was the energy of the family and all they can do is look at photos. Just by smiling he would light up any of their days. He was kind and gentle and too young to understand why he left his family behind. You know, people cry in heaven too.

His safest place was in the living room on the carpet with his toys. That is no good to me. Not when he sleeps in his bed. I watched as a small coffin, much smaller than it should ever be for anyone get carried to a grave. I stood by the gravestone crying too. I remembered as I seen the fear in his eyes as I made him experience his first paralysis and last. His last words will haunt me from now to eternity… “Please save me I don’t want to go”.

title: [FN] Dream Guardians: A Never-Ending Battle (intro to my story I am working on)

question: What does the text say about sleep paralysis in children?

answer: Children are the hardest to save from sleep paralysis because their imaginations run a lot wilder. Children become too weak or confused as they get into a sleep paralysis. Often times, children do not understand that the bedroom is their safest place which prevents them from waking up.


text:
What to do if your dog starts talking to you.
	Step one: If he/she is speaking english you still have time to dial a number, and get him/her fixed. If he/she starts speaking german it’s too late. You have to run; then call the number eight-one-one.
	Step two: Once you’ve called the number you’ll be picked up in a blue van with racing stripes where you’ll get further instructions.
	Step three: Follow said instructions.
	Now I know what you’re thinking, “Oh Lane, why would my dog be talking?” My name is Lane by the way, and I don’t like the tone you used to ask that question.  Despite your attitude I’ll answer your question because it’s my job to make sure that you don’t die. Now, I’m not a member of the government or anything like that, but my brother-in-law is. I don’t like him very much, my sister could’ve done better. Anyways, the dog thing, long story actually. If I explain it to you from where I am now it won’t make much sense; actually the whole thing doesn’t make sense, but if I explain it from where I am now it’ll make less sense. So, let’s start from the very beginning.
	It was Friday the thirteenth (I’m not saying the events that will occur have anything to do with the day, but it’s still a freaky coincidence). I was watching Dexter in my ergonomically correct office chair. If you haven’t seen the show here’s the basic rundown: A man works for the forensics unit of the Miami Police Department and he kills serial killers. It’s really good, you should watch it. As I’m in the middle of the twist of the first season my roommate, Charles,  burst in my room wearing headgear from ancient roman times. He didn’t even have to speak because I knew exactly what he was going to say.
	“You didn’t!?” I shouted with both fury and aggravation. Wait, aren’t those two kinda the same thing? I don’t think so; well, maybe. I’ll check later.
	He didn’t even answer, he just stared at me with a, ‘Oops, I did it again’ look. You know the one. It’s that look the Olsen twins used on “Full House” whenever their character Michelle did something wrong. I really hate that show. Anyways, he looked at me with that smile and I knew that he used the time machine again. By the way we have a time machine, that’s a totally different story though. I burst out of my chair intending to punch him, but he stopped me.
	“Dude just calm down!” Charles said while holding his arms up in self defense.
	“We discussed that we wouldn’t use the time machine ever again! It’s getting too dangerous!”
	“I couldn’t help it! It was calling my name!”
	“Time machines don’t talk, Charles!”
	“I’m sorry!” Charles began to wale and cry very obnoxiously so I punched him in the thorax. That always shuts him up.
	Before I explain any further I should tell you about how this even came about. You see, about a week earlier Charles and I had returned from inventing the high five before Dusty Baker and Glenn Burke, we noticed something strange about our basement. Nothing about the placement of objects, all of our guns seemed to be in their usual spots and our extensive collection of L. Ron Hubbard books had remained untouched, but there was some dude standing in the corner of the basement. He didn’t say anything, he just stood there; like a silent, deadly, poltergeist.
	He wasn’t wearing a suit or anything like that, he was wearing a hawaiian shirt with cargo pants and sandals. He appeared to have predominately caucasian ancestry with suspected asian ancestry as well. He was a shady looking dude. What made him especially shady was the AK-47 he was holding in his hands; I was focusing more on the awful shirt he was wearing. There was about thirty seconds of silence until the gun wielding stranger finally spoke.
	“You Lane and Charles?” He apparently had a british accent. That’s something neither me nor Charles expected.
	“Uh, yeah,” Charles answered hesitantly. The stranger’s fingers tightened around the gun.
	“I’m gonna need you to come with me,” he said this very intimidatingly. Charles and I shook with fear, or maybe we were shaking because it was winter in Wisconsin and our basement didn’t have heating. So, we agreed that if his car was heated that we’d go with him.
	The man’s name was Gerald, and his vehicle was a blue van with racing stripes. The interior was not as cool as the exterior. There weren’t any back seats, just plastic crates with pillows on them. The pillows didn’t come in much handy every time we went over a speed bump. There was also no radio, so we couldn’t even jam to some Blue Oyster Cult or Beethoven on this awkward ride. It also wreaked of an awful odor. It was an indescribable smell; I just can’t put into words how bad it smelt in that car, but the smell was probably coming from the rotting corpse that was in the car. We didn’t see the corpse itself, just a bunch of garbage bags. We wouldn’t have guessed that a chopped up corpse was in those bags unless Gerald told us.
	Gerald, for a man who made Charles and I go on a joyride with him without giving us a reason, was very polite and honest, but he wouldn’t tell us who was in the bags. He merely said it was someone familiar. Gerald was also very cryptic. He was weird like that.
	We drove for about thirty more minutes before we pulled into an abandoned warehouse with about a dozen other blue vans with racing stripes on them.
	“Get out,” Gerald said calmly. Like I said, he was polite.
	Charles and I got out of the van where we were then attacked and had potato sacks put over our heads. Now, I’m not completey sure about this, but I think these guys gave me and Charles some sort of shot to get us to stop struggling. I say this because for a few minutes I felt like I was flying on a cloud. Not one of those usual clouds you fly on, this one was really nice. It was like flying on cotton candy through a sky where the air I breathed tasted like chocolate. However the ride didn’t last long because whatever Charles and I were injected with wore off and I was greeted with a punch to my face.
	The sack was still on my head so I couldn’t see where I was, but I assumed it was in the same warehouse Gerald pulled his van into because Charles wouldn’t stop screaming and thus echoes ensued.
	“Please stop punching my face! It’s very sensitive when blunt objects hit it!” Surprisingly, the men didn’t listen to his request. The sacks were eventually removed from our heads. We were greeted by three men who, by their scrawniness, made Charles and I feel really out of shape that men who looked like that could hurt us so badly. I also noticed that they were wearing the exact same thing that Gerald was wearing. Same hawaiian shirt, sandals, and cargo pants.
	“Do you know who we are?” The man in the middle said. The men never gave us their names, so I’m just gonna call them Larry, Curly, and Tom Cruise.
	“No, why would we know that?” Charles asked.
	“Because you might’ve seen us when you visited King Tut last week,” responded Tom, “or when you proved Joseph Smith wrong a year ago, or when you invented the high five an hour ago.”
	Woah, these guys were good. I was surprised that he knew of mine and Charles’ time adventures. We were the only people in the world with a time machine. Or at least, in our time. Charles had a look on his face that was all too familiar to me. It was the look that said, “I’ll get us out of here, just let me go over every Doctor Who episode I’ve ever seen and see if the Doctor has been in a similar situation.” As his face of clever thinking deteriorated to that of a distressed puppy I knew we were in trouble.
	“We’ve been watching you for quite some time now,” Curly said out of no where. He didn’t really look like someone who’d talk, “and we don’t appreciate what you’ve been doing.”
	“What’re you talking about?” I asked.
	“You’ve been unknowingly destroying Earth.” Larry responded.
	Curly then made a hologram of Earth appear on some sort of device that wasn’t supposed to be around until 2050. Charles and I took some future vacations as well. As we looked at our amazing planet several red dots began to appear all over it, mostly in North America and Europe.
	“These are all the spots where the aliens have already invaded!” Curly shouted causing me and Charles to jump a little bit.
	I’ll spare you the one hour speech that was given to Charles and I, but I will tell you what you need to know: Apparently Charles and I had used our time machine so much that it got the attention of shapeshifting extra-terrestrials due to some signal it was giving off. Since time machines weren’t supposed to be around until five years from now when we’d already made peace with a different species of aliens made mine and Charles’ time machine very suspicious. Like I said, how we got that time machine was a different story altogether. Apparently the species that we were supposed to make peace with eliminated the species that was currently inhabiting Earth. Now you see the dilemma, don’t you? Oh yeah, it turns out that Gerald, Larry, Curly, and Tom Cruise were sent from the future to stop us from causing the aliens to invade. They obviously didn’t do a good job. Also, they were wearing the same things because their future space uniforms adapted to the time period they were in. Now I remember why I don’t write, I forget to put important plot points in.
	They left it up to me and Charles to not use the time machine anymore; because if we did the aliens, species name: Dorothrats, would get a lock on signal and use the time machine for evil. Why they left it up to us I have no idea, we would probably do a worse job than them. They should’ve just taken it away from us. They also said we were a part of their Alliance or whatever, so now we had to help people with whatever kind of alien problems they had. Apparently there had been a lot of calls like that. People calling about their dog talking. The Alliance was always listening in on phone calls so they could show up on the scene before things got out of hand.
	Apparently, Dorothrats invade by taking the shape of dogs, learning how earthlings interact and live, and then they transform into humans. This wasn’t a fast process though; the educating stage could take weeks or months. And the transformation, that’s what the beginning of my story was about. Dorothrats first learn how to speak our language, which is english if you didn’t know, this is the early stage in the transformation process, so you can still get him/her fixed if you hear a strange whisper in the middle of the night. By fixed I mean beaten to death. It’s okay, they’re not really dogs, they’re aliens so it’s not animal cruelty. However, once they learn another language, (no one knows how they do it, but they do), then it’s too late for you. Your dog will then turn into your shape, kill you, and begin living your life. Huh, I guess I didn’t shorten that speech at all.
	Anyway, Gerald dropped Charles and I back off at our house and said to be ready for a call. We never would be. And those are the events leading up to Charles and the roman headgear.
	“Do you have any idea what you’ve done?!” I shouted.
	“I’m sorry man! What’s the worst that could actually happen?”
	Before I could answer my phone rang. It was Gerald. How did he get my number? I don’t remember him asking for it. Oh yeah, they were time travelers. I answered it, all he said was, “You really messed up. Go to 1233 3rd avenue, your first assignment is there.” The call ended. I gave Charles a dead stare, but I couldn’t focus on his mistake. We had an assignment.

title: The Time Machine (not the classic story by H.G. Wells, this is an entirely different happening of events altogether. Sorry for any confusion.) Part 1

question: Why is it too late if your dog starts talking German?

answer: The dogs are Dorothrats. Dorothrats are aliens who have come to Earth to take over from humans. They take the shape of dogs to learn all about humans. First they learn English and then they go on to learn other languages. Once they have progressed from English they are ready to take over your body and live your life. The only way to escape is to kill the dog.

question: Describe Gerald

answer: Gerald is a caucasian with possible Asian ancestry. He has terrible dress sense wearing a gaudy Hawaiian shirt, cargo pants, and sandals. He has a British accent. He is carrying an AK47.

question: What has attracted the attention of the Aliens?

answer: The narrator and Charles have the only time machine in their age. Their travels across time have attracted the attention of the Aliens. Time machines give off a signal. They weren't supposed to be invented until five years into the future when the world was at peace with the aliens.


text:
Three high school girls disappeared in town last year, and I know what happened to them. I swear I do. But I'm not lookin' for help, OK? You might not believe this story because you'll think I'm some senile old janitor, and I don't have any wits. I do! I swear I do.

Those girls went missing just after the football season in 2012. Our team wasn't too good, so that means it was near the end of October when people noticed them missing from classes. I remember those girls well. See, my wife and I couldn't have kids, but I always wanted a little girl, I'd take a boy, but I just somethin' more to protect. My wife's been gone a little while -- since I started at the high school in '95 actually -- and so I've grown so close to a lot of those kids. The young ladies always needed some protectin' from those boys. Some of 'em were punks, yeah, but most of them were nice kids. Good kids. I liked those kids most days. But those girls, yeah. They were pretty girls, two of 'em at least. One was uglier than sin, but she was on the tall one's, Maribeth, hip all day. The other one, Maggie, was the nice one. She always said "Hi" and asked how I was. I always kept an eye out for her. As much as I could anyways. She didn't fit in with the other two. I'd catch them skippin' last hour a lot of the time that semester. They'd go with their boyfriends before football practice, and I never wanted to catch them doin' nothin' so if I didn't catch them at the door I let them go. I should have stopped them that one day, though. I had forgot football was done. Damn brain. I saw 'em walk out the gymnasium doors as the bell rang for 7th hour. Maggie made eye contact with me and gave a shrug. I shrugged back. Let 'em go have fun, Joe, I thought. *You skipped a lot too." And Maggie followed the other two out the door. That was the last time I saw her. God dammit I wish I would have stopped them that day. The next time I saw them was on a TV screen.

I kept quiet until a month passed. I told the principal that I think I saw Maggie leave early that day, out the gymnasium doors actually. Hell, it coulda been anyone, but I think it was her, I said. Principal Peterson asked me if I was sure, and I didn't want to, but I said yes. I didn't say that I made eye contact with her. Peggy didn't ask me why I hadn't told her sooner. Probably assumed I was in shock. I was. I swear I was. The search kept going, and my confession didn't turn up many more leads. The girls stopped at a convenience store by the school and bought some water, wine (Maribeth had a fake ID), candles, and a Snickers bar. They had them on tape at the store. From there, Maggie's red Explorer was seen on M14 headed West. The farthest they could track the car was to hunting ground about fifteen miles from campus. The truck was left on the side of the road, and the girls didn't leave much of a trail among the wet fallen leaves. State police turned up a Snickers wrapper, but that's about it. The case went cold, and quick, though they were still scouring the woods every day. I was even questioned, but I was still on the clock at the time the girls left, and I helped Mrs. Courage move her desk around 5 o'clock that day. I swore I didn't know anything, and they believed me. I wish I still didn't know anything. I swear I do.

Almost two months after the girls went missing, I got an envelope in my school mailbox. It was addressed to "Chief". Only the kids call me that. I opened it up, and a VHS tape fell out of it with a label that read "With Love" on it. I wasn't scared, but no one knew I had a mailbox at the school. I was the janitor for crissakes, who would know that? It was weird, I tell ya, but not scary. Not until I put it in. The video was seedy, that's the best I can describe it. It played through one of the old cart VHS/TV combos that aren't used anymore, and it had an air of severity about it. This was going to be bad, and I knew it. The filmmer panned down from the trees to two girls, blindfolded, on their knees, smiling. It was Maggie and Maribeth. An empty wine bottle lay next to them. Jordyn, the ugly one, walked out from behind the camera with a knife in her hand. The camera wasn't on a tripod, so someone was holding it. She cut off Maribeth's t-shirt, leaving her with just a bra and jeans on, and carved what looked like an upside down star into her chest. Maribeth never stopped smiling, and as the blood ran down her chest, I felt myself start to sweat. Jordyn did the same to Maggie and I began to cry. What the hell was I watching? The camera moved closer to the girls, and I could see Jordyn's eyes. They were black. I swear, I saw them, and they were black. When she looked at the camera, I got chills and the tracking went haywire for a second. When it came back, Jordyn had stripped and carved her own chest too. And now she had the knife to Maribeth's throat. She cut it, and the girl's head lolled back, opening her neck, she fell sideways into Maggie and bled. Maggie's smile twitched for a second, but she didn't snap out of it. The camera zoomed in, and Jordyn cut Maggie's throat, then her own. The girls bled out, and I was crying and about to be sick. What the hell was I watching? Was this a movie? Was this like the Blair Witch movie? This had to be fake. But it wasn't, because I heard something say "There goes Maggie, Joey." And it laughed. Whatever was filming laughed at me. I heard it fiddle with the camera, set in on a stump and watched as it walked over to where the girls laid dead. It -- I say it because it looked like a man, but it didn't move like one. It moved too fluid and vapid to be a man -- stood over them before the camera shut off. I knew we'd never find those bodies; this wasn't normal.
I went to Mrs. Peterson to tell her about the video, and she followed me to the empty classroom where I watched it. I pressed play and nothing happened. Nothing! I swear to god I saw a video, I told her. I really did. I watched the whole damn thing and I cried and got sick in the bathroom on the way to her office. She asked if I was feeling well. I asked her who dropped off mail for me, and she didn't know what I was talking about. The damn video wouldn't play nothin' but static! But I know what I saw. She told me to go home for the day. I went to the bar that night. I don't drink often, but I needed something. Just a beer. Or two. It was pretty much empty, except for a few guys. So I sat down and ordered a Labatt's and watched the highlights. A man sat down next to me.

"Hiya, Chief," he said. I froze.

"What's wrong, Chief? You didn't think I could stay on that tape all day, did ya?" My mouth went sour. The beer didn't taste as good as it used to.

"Ah, that shit's not gonna be any good with me around, man. Hey, Maggie says 'Hi'." Who the hell was this guy?

"How do you know me?" I asked. "How do I fuckin' know you? Come on I sent you that tape of those girls you love so much, didn't I? How do I know you? Good one, man. Listen, order me a beer, I'll be right back."
I didn't order him a beer, and when he got back he was mad.

"OK, you wanna be a dick? Let's do that..." And I listened. He told me that Jordyn had been worshiping him. Praying to him. He was a demon. I swear that's what he said. And everyone at the bar was completely oblivious to him. The bar-maid even asked me if I wanted another beer. Three times she asked me, and she never once asked ol' Beelzebub if he wanted anything. This guy was a demon, and he convinced Jordyn to bring her friends to him in the woods.

"Why?" I asked, starting to tear up again. "They were just girls, why did you need them?" He laughed a guttural screech. That doesn't seem possible, but I swear that's what it was.

"Need them? I don't need them, I just wanted them. I don't need you fuckers, it's just so easy to take you all.
You're always looking for a god, and if you can't find that, you come to us. And it's like a game. I tell you I can help you, so you sacrifice to me, and you wear black, and you carve shit into bathroom stalls and playgrounds and you think you're a satanist. But all you are is a pawn, and you're so fuckin' easy to move. And so I got three for the price of one. My, they were good. Two virgins, actually. They have more spirit in 'em."
I didn't have the heart to ask which wasn't the virgin. I didn't want to hear that it was Maggie. I gripped my warm Labatt's harder.

"Who are you?" I asked. "I don't believe in this shit."

"That doesn't matter, Joe," he was serious now, "I told you what I am. And we're everywhere. How do you think it was so easy for me to walk around your school. You see, no one notices us. They think we're life. They think we're dropped books and swear words and hand-jobs in the boy's locker room during lunch hour. They think we're car accidents and shootings. They can't see us. That's how I watched those girls. I watched them in the halls. I watched Maggie say hi to you every day. I watched them change..."

I made to smash my beer over his head and yell for help, but he moved out of the way -- across the room. His eyes glowed red as my beer hit the bar and shattered. The bar-maid whipped around.

"What the hell was that, Joe?" she asked.

"Gosh, I'm sorry, slipped right out of my hand," I said. I was red with anger, they took it as shame.

"I'll getcha another one. Bobby! Clean this up!" she yelled to the cook. The man was back at my side.

"Don't fuckin' try that shit again, Chief," he said. His hair was in his face now. I smelled sulfur. "I came here to tell you to watch your fucking back. If you hadn't seen those girls leaving, everyone might have thought that these were separate disappearances, or they happened at different times, but because you opened your big fuckin' mouth, everyone thinks something's fishy. Now, I don't like people pokin' around my woods. OK? Sooner or later they start findin' my symbols and start worrying and then it's just a mess. So listen here..." It was getting unbearably hot at the bar, and my new beer was already warm again. The bar-maid still hadn't offered the other guy anything.

"...you saw what happened to those girls. Trust me, I can make myself more available to more of your precious high schoolers if I want to. I can make more of them die for me, and I'll just get stronger."

"You aren't real," I said. I tried to remember the Our Father.

"I'm more real than that fuckin' skunk you're trying to pray to right now, ain't I? Where the fuck is he, anyways? Probably not curing cancer or something, right? Listen, I'm real, and I'll kill more of those kids you like so much. I mean, Jesus, the guy won't even let you have kids, he kills your wife, and you're still praying to him. What they fuck, Chief?" Listen, you need to kill this case. You need to tell them you did it, or I'll bring more of 'em out to my woods." My throat went dry.

"Think about it, Chief. And don't bother tryin' to tell anyone about me." His breath was hot and stale on my cheek, I thought I heard crackling in his throat.
And he was gone. I asked the bar-maid where the other guy went, and she looked at me funny. She said that she didn't notice anyone leave, but she couldn't remember anyone sitting with me. The bar had become a bit busier than when I sat down, but shit, how could she miss the guy in black with red eyes. There was a pentagram carved into the bar next to me. The bar-maid looked at me like I was a demon. Maybe I was. I swear I don't know anymore. As I write this, my resignation letter is being delivered to Mrs. Peterson. Tomorrow I'm going to tell her that I killed those girls. Because I don't want the other kids doing what Jordyn did. But I don't know, if I, their janitor, the guy that'd dance for them and sing them happy birthday, confesses to killing those girls, who then will they confide in? Where will their sense of innocence go?
Is that what he wants?
 I don't know what to do. I swear I don't.

title: Wrote this for /r/nosleep, but I think it can function outside of that little group. Comments, constructive criticism, please.

question: What does the text say about the woods?

answer: Beelzebub, the demon, leads the three girls to the woods and films them as they commit suicide. Evidence leads the police to search the woods to find the three missing high school girls. Beelzebub is not happy that people are poking around his woods as they might find out about him.

question: What does the text say about Jordyn?

answer: Jordyn is a high school student who worships the demon Beelzebub. She brings her two friends, Maribeth and Maggie, into the woods and convinces them to sacrifice themselves to the demon.

question: What does the text say about VHS tape?

answer: Beelzebub sends the janitor a VHS tape that shows how the three high school girls died. After watching it, the janitor goes to Principal Peterson to tell her about the video. However, when they try to play it again, the video only plays static.

question: What does the text say about the janitor's personal life?

answer: His wife died many years ago, and they didn't have a child.

question: What does the text say about the school's punishment for skipping school?


text:
The 25TH DIVISION was an infantry division of the British Army, raised as part of Lord Kitchener's Third New Army (K3) in September 1914, shortly after the outbreak of the Great War. It served on the Western Front for most of the war.

Unit history

The component units of the division were assembled around Salisbury and moved to Aldershot in May 1915 to complete their training. The division was formed by Major-General Francis Ventris and crossed to France on 25–30 September 1915 under the command of Major-General Beauchamp Doran.

The division originally comprised the 74th, 75th and 76th Infantry Brigades, but the 76th Brigade was posted away on 15 October 1915 and replaced by the 7th Infantry Brigade.

In June 1916 Major-General Guy Bainbridge took command and the Division went on to fight at the Battle of the Somme, at the Battle of Messines, at the Battle of Passchendaele, in the German Spring Offensive of March/April 1918 and at the Battle of Aisne.

The 25th was unlucky during the 1918 German Spring Offensives, being attacked three times (sharing its misfortune with the 19th, 21st and 50th Divisions). It was on the northern flank defences during Operation Michael in March 1918 and was moved north to refit. There it lost more men in the Battle of the Lys attacks in April. Moved south to another quiet area, it was attacked for a third time in the Third Battle of the Aisne.[1]

After suffering severe casualties in June 1918, it underwent a major refit and reorganisation, with infantry from divisions then serving in Italy. The reformed division moving back to France in September 1918. This Division played a major role in the final few weeks of the war its most noted success was the capture of the village of Beaurevoir on 5–6 October 1918.[2]

The war came to an end over a month later with the signing of the armistice of 11 November 1918. The division was demobilised by the end of March 1919, having suffered 48,300 casualties during the war.[3]

Order of battle

The following units served in the division.[4]

74th Brigade

-   11th (Service) Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers (_disbanded August 1918_)
-   13th (Service) Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (_disbanded August 1918_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, East Lancashire Regiment (_left November 1914_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, Loyal North Lancashire Regiment (_left October 1915_)
-   9th (Service) Battalion, Loyal North Lancashire Regiment (_left June 1918_)
-   2nd Battalion, Royal Irish Rifles (joined October 1915, left November 1917'')
-   3rd Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment (_joined November 1917, left June 1918_)
-   74th Machine Gun Company (_joined March 1916, left to move into 25th MG battalion March 1918_)
-   74th Trench Mortar Battery (_formed June 1917_)

During reconstruction in mid 1918

-   2/7th Battalion, Lancashire Fusiliers (_joined June 1918, disbanded July 1918_)
-   21st (Service) Battalion, Duke of Cambridge's Own (Middlesex Regiment) (_joined and left June 1918_)[5]
-   9th Battalion, Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own (Yorkshire Regiment) (_joined September 1918_)
-   11th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters (Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment) (_joined September 1918_)
-   13th (Service) Battalion, Durham Light Infantry (_joined September 1918_)

(the last three battalions joined from the brigades of 23rd Division serving in Italy)[6]

-   74th Trench Mortar Battery

75th Brigade

-   10th (Service) Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (_left October 1915_)
-   11th (Service) Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (_left June 1918_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, Border Regiment (_left June 1918_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, Prince of Wales's Volunteers (South Lancashire Regiment) (_disbanded February 1918_)
-   2nd Battalion, Prince of Wales's Volunteers (South Lancashire Regiment) (_joined October 1915, left June 1918_)
-   75th Machine Gun Company (_joined on 15 March 1916, moved into 25 MG Battalion March 1918_)
-   75th Trench Mortar Battery (_formed June 1916_)

During reconstruction in mid 1918

-   1/6th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (_joined May 1918, left July 1918_)
-   17th (Service) Battalion, King's (Liverpool Regiment) (_joined June 1918_)
-   11th (Service) Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment (_joined June 1918_)
-   6th (Service) Battalion, Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own (Yorkshire Regiment) (_joined June 1918_)
-   13th (Service) Battalion, Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own (Yorkshire Regiment) (_joined June 1918_)

(_On 9 September 1918, the Brigade was renumbered as 236th Brigade and was placed under orders for service in North Russia. It left the 25th Division at this point._)

A new 75th Brigade was formed in September 1918

-   1/5th Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment[7]
-   1/8th Battalion, Royal Warwickshire Regiment
-   1/8th Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment

(_these battalions joined from the brigades of 48th (South Midland) Division serving in Italy_)[8]

-   75th Trench Mortar Battery

76th Brigade

(_left to join 3rd Division on 15 October 1915_)

-   8th (Service) Battalion, King's Own (Royal Lancaster Regiment)[9]
-   10th (Service) Battalion, Royal Welsh Fusiliers
-   6th (Service) Battalion, South Wales Borderers (_left February 1915_)
-   10th (Service) Battalion, Welsh Regiment (_joined and left in September 1914_)
-   7th (Service) Battalion, King's (Shropshire Light Infantry)
-   13th (Service) Battalion, King's (Liverpool Regiment) (_joined February 1915_)

7th Brigade

(_joined from the 3rd division in exchange for the 76th Brigade on 18 October 1915_)

-   10th (Service) Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (_left as a cadre July 1918_)
-   3rd Battalion, Worcestershire Regiment (_left November 1917_)
-   2nd Battalion, Prince of Wales's Volunteers (South Lancashire Regiment) (_left to join 75th Brigade a week after Brigade joined Division_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, Loyal North Lancashire Regiment (_disbanded February 1918_)
-   1st Battalion, Duke of Edinburgh's (Wiltshire Regiment) (_left June 1918_)
-   2nd Battalion, Royal Irish Rifles (_left to join the 74th Brigade a week after the brigade joined the division_)
-   4th Battalion, South Staffordshire Regiment (_joined October 1917, left June 1918_)
-   7th Machine Gun Company (_joined January 1916, moved into 25 MG battalion March 1918_)
-   7th Trench Mortar Battery (_formed July 1916_)

During reconstruction in mid 1918

-   13th Battalion, East Surrey Regiment (_joined June 1918, disbanded November 1918_)
-   9th (Service) Battalion, Devonshire Regiment (_joined September 1918_)
-   20th (Service) Battalion, Manchester Regiment (_joined September 1918_)
-   21st Battalion, Manchester Regiment (_joined September 1918_)

(_except for the 13th East Surreys, which joined from the 39th Division, these battalions joined from the brigades of 7th Division serving in Italy_)[10]

-   7th Trench Mortar Battery

Pioneers

-   13th (Service) Battalion, Manchester Regiment (_joined September 1914, left October 1914_)
-   13th (Service) Battalion, King's (Liverpool Regiment) (_joined October 1914, left February 1915_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, East Lancashire Regiment (_joined November 1914, left March 1915_)
-   6th (Service) Battalion, South Wales Borderers (_joined as Divisional pioneer battalion February 1915, left June 1918_)
-   8th (Service) Battalion, Leicestershire Regiment (_joined as a cadre June 1918_)
-   11th (Service) Battalion, Prince of Wales's Volunteers (South Lancashire Regiment) (_joined as a cadre June 1918, became Divisional pioneer battalion October 1918_)

Machine Gunners

-   195th Machine Gun Company (_joined December 1916 moved into 25 MG Bn March 1918_)
-   25th Battalion, Machine Gun Corps (_created March 1918, left July 1918, rejoined October 1918_)
-   100th (Warwickshire and South Nottinghamshire Yeomanry) Battalion, Machine Gun Corps (_joined October 1918, left October 1918_)[11]

Divisional Artillery

The Divisional artillery remained in France when the rest of the Division returned to England to re-fit in June 1918. It took part in the Second Battle of Bapaume, the Battle of Epehy and the Battle of the Saint-Quentin Canal, then rejoined the 25th Division on 4 October 1918.

-   CX Brigade, RFA (_between 26 May and 4 June 1918, attached to 8th Division_)
-   CXI Brigade, RFA (_broken up 27 November 1916_)
-   CXII Brigade, RFA (_between 26 May and 21 June 1918, attached to 21st Division_)
-   CXIII (Howitzer) Brigade, RFA (_left 14 February 1917_)
-   25th Heavy Battery, RGA (_raised with the Division but moved independently to France_)
-   W.25 Heavy Trench Mortar Battery RFA (_joined July 1916, broken up March 1918_)
-   X.25 Medium Mortar Battery (_joined April 1916_)
-   Y.25 Medium Mortar Battery (_joined April 1916_)
-   Z.25 Medium Mortar Battery (_joined April 1916, broken up in March 1918, distributed to X.25 and Y.25 batteries_)

Royal Engineers

-   93rd, 94th Field Companies (_left February 1915_)
-   106th Field Company (_joined January 1915_)
-   105th Field Company (_joined February 1915_)
-   130th Field Company (_joined May 1915_)

Royal Army Medical Corps

-   75th, 76th, 77th Field Ambulance
-   42nd Sanitary Section (_left 18 April 1917_)

Division Troops

-   Regimental HQ and B Squadron, Lothians and Border Horse (_joined summer 1915, left May 1916_)
-   25th Divisional Ammunition Column
-   25th Divisional Signals Company
-   25th Divisional Train
    -   198th–201st Companies ASC
-   37th Mobile Veterinary Section AVC
-   225th Divisional Employment Company (_joined 21 May 1917_)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

title: 25th Division (United Kingdom)

question: What does the text say about the summer months of 1918?

answer: In June 1918, the 25th Division suffered severe casualties. Due to this, it underwent a major refit and reorganization with infantry from divisions then serving in Italy. They returned to England to do this while the Divisional artillary remained in France. This reformed division moved back to France in September. Additionally, several battalions joined and disbanded in this time frame.

question: What does the text say about the loss of men in the 25th division?

answer: During the 1918 German Spring Offensives, the division was unlucky as they had been attacked three times. They lost more men in the Battle of the the Lys Attacks that April. They suffered severe casualties in June 1918 and had to undergo a major refit and reorganization. By the war's end, they suffered 48,300 casualties.

question: What does the text say about WWII?

question: What does the text say about the end of the Great War?

answer: The 25th Division played a major role in the final weeks of the Great War, with its most noted success being the capture of the Beaurevoir village. The end of the war came a month after this with the signing of the armistice of November, 11 1918. The 25th Division was demobilized by the end of March 1919. It had suffered 48,300 casualties by the end of the war.