text:
Our Verdict

A fantastically powerful multi-threading CPU, offering a genuine step-change over and above the current PC platforms. available.

For

-   Great multi-threading performance, impressively cool-running, hefty eight-core overclocking

Against

-   Super-expensive, no real gaming boost

Intel's Core i7-5960X is its first ever eight-core processor for the general public. You could have bought a vastly more expensive octocore Xeon to drop into an old PC, but this is the full Core monty.

And it's a bit special.

Read more: Intel Core i7-9700K

There sure is a lot of silicon given over to the graphical components of most of today's other processors though. Intel's standard Haswell architecture throws millions of transistors at its HD graphics component, and AMD's latest Kaveri chips are only a couple of percentage points from being a complete half-and-half split between processor and graphics.

For us enthusiast-type folk, though – more used to strapping a big shiny graphics card to our motherboard than relying on weak-heart integrated GPUs – that's a lot of redundant die space we're paying for.

It also sounds like an awful lot of space we could be shoving extra CPU cores into, doesn't it?

And that's exactly what Intel's high-performance CPU range has been doing for the last few years. The Extreme line of Intel's processors represents the pinnacle of its desktop chips, cramming in more cores than any desktop chip available. For the most part, anyway.

But despite shrinking in production process, even the Extreme range has been stuck fast at six cores for a long while. That's despite AMD already banging the octo-core drum – albeit to little effect – and Intel's own server parts rocking six cores and 12 threads over four years ago.

Finally though, Intel has decided to up the ante on its Extreme consumer chips and is giving us a bona fide eight-core processor with the top end of its new Haswell-E processors.

The Core i7-5960X is that chip, and is the first octo-core chip with Intel's powerful Core architecture squeezed inside.

Well…kinda.

You could have actually gone super-extreme with the previous Sandy Bridge E generation of Extreme chips and dropped a super-expensive eight-core Xeon directly into a standard X79 desktop motherboard. We're going to copyright the term 'super-extreme' by the way; some enterprising marketing exec is bound to try and tack that on to some stupidly expensive component some day, and we need a way to stop them.

Anyway, the old Xeon E5‑2687W was a 32nm mega-chip.

It gave us our first taste of eight proper Intel cores in one chip back in 2012, and in doing so engendered the disappointment of last generation's Ivy Bridge E chips, still stalling on six cores.

Two and a bit years later we've finally got the i7-5960X and its unlocked multiplier giving us the full desktop eight-core, 16-thread monty. It's running on the latest Intel Haswell Core architecture, the new micro-architecture design for the 22nm production process first displayed by the Ivy Bridge processors.

Haswell debuted over a year ago, and in the intervening time has frimly cemented its place in the top desktop PCs around, especially after the recent Devil's Canyon refresh.

Now, though, Haswell E is set to take our high-end desktops to the next level, offering unprecedented processing performance.

[Intel Core i7-5960X]

You can almost smell those sixteen threads of processing power

Sweet sixteen

Let's take a closer look at this new CPU, then.

We already know it's rocking eight Intel cores, and because this top chip is taking advantage of Hyper-Threading that translates into a full 16 threads of processing power. We couldn't help but break into a great big geeky grin watching the Cinebench test split over 16 chunks and chew through the benchmark faster than anything we'd seen before.

It's also completely unlocked – as any good Extreme Edition CPU should be – and contains a full 40 PCIe 3.0 lanes. What's more, there's a huge 20MB of cache. The only real let-down when you take a first look at the specs, then, is that operating frequency.

With a baseclock of just 3GHz and a Turbo speed of up to 3.5GHz, it looks a little off the pace when you compare it with the 3.6GHz/4GHz configuration of the last Ivy Bridge-E processor.

We've also just had Intel itself releasing the i7-4790K processor with a baseclock of 4GHz, which also serves to make this brand new, hyper-expensive CPU look somewhat lethargic in the clockspeed department.

But that's a little unfair, really – being able to run all eight of those cores at a Turbo of 3.5GHz is nothing to be sniffed at and the lower baseclock is likely a result of making sure Intel can produce reliable yields of these 22nm CPU dies, with all eight cores running stably.

With a chip requiring more functional physical cores in a die, there's a greater chance of it dropping out of the manufacturing process with one of them functioning sub-optimally. Pulling the clockspeed back a touch, then, means Intel has better odds of producing these expensive parts in a decent volume.

As we've said, the new Haswell-E chips are all unlocked, and if you're lucky you'll be able to get a hefty performance boost by upping those clockspeeds in your motherboard of choice.

[X99 Platform]

The X99 platform and chip
And the new motherboards play a pivotal role in this new high-performance story too; the processors themselves are only one part of it.

Haswell-E is a whole new computing platform, offering a genuinely different proposition over the standard quad-core setups and even over the last generation of Extreme Intel platforms.

Accompanying the new Haswell-E processors is the X99 platform and with that comes support for new storage interfaces and a brand new standard in system memory: DDR4.

The new memory standard remains in the same quad-channel configuration as Intel has used with the other LGA 2011-based platforms, but offers a considerably lower operating voltage than DDR3. Most quad-channel kits are running at 1.5v, but the modules we've been testing this month are more than happy running at serious speeds with just a 1.2v base. With the X99 chipset, DDR4 RAM also starts out with a 2,133MHz baseclock, which is a good deal quicker than the 1,866MHz of the Ivy Bridge-E generation of processors.

question: What is the article generally about?

answer: The article talks about Intel's Core i7-5960X's architecture finally embraces the advantages of having 8 cores.

question: How does having 8 cores matter for a CPU?

answer: The 5960X may have a lower clock speed of 3 to 3.5Ghz, compared to other processors running at 4Ghz, but having 16 threads means it can do the same amount of work at a more stable working condition (the article implies that at higher speeds, processors might have issues with performance).

question: What does the writer say about CPUs and GPUs?

answer: That most people would have both CPUs and GPUs so dedicating hardware on a CPU for graphics is not really needed, and that space could be used for more cores. Despite Intel following that logic, they had taken a long time to move from 6 to 8 cores -even if their competitor, AMD, has already done so.

question: What is the Haswell-E?

answer: This is an iteration of Intel's Haswell architecture. It is accompanied by the X99 platform which supports DDR4 memory.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Intel's Core i7-5960X is an 8-core, 16 thread CPU that runs at 3 to 3.5Ghz. On Cinebench, it scored better than any hardware seen before it.


split: train

text:
no name for the story, and i did submit it to /r/literature but i don't think ANYONE read it at all. feedback, por favor?

a young man walks into a bedroom. it's dark, and there isn't much light in the room save a lone bulb, dangling from an old ceiling fan that probably should have been put out of use years ago.

it's the kind of room with its own stairs, the kind that, if you got it, all your siblings are jealous for the entirety of your growing up together. it's a rectangular room, with a window at each short end. the ceilings are slanted in to follow the sharp angles of the roof directly overhead, and the wall paper is a smoke stained white from years of his great grandmother sitting up there reading her old shitty romance novels and chain smoking.

he flicks the power switch of an old tube amp, just as stained as the walls. with a snap the tubes begin to warm, and he starts to tune his favorite guitar. after about a minute or two, with the G string still a little flat, he begins to play. he plays a few songs he knows, not in their entirety of course, just fragmented parts to a greater whole. a greater whole he feels he can never accomplish. as he plays what comes from the guitar starts to lose all clarity, all sense as he begins to think about her. deep in thought, he forgot what he was playing.

his mother shouts up his stairs for dinner time, and it takes him a few moments to realize what's going on. he turns off his amp and joins his family for a quiet dinner.

the next morning comes and goes as nothing but sleep dictates his schedule, besides his court ordered alcohol classes and the bi-weekly therapy sessions his mother put him in. he decided not to go to college, having just graduated high school, abandoning all hope after botching the placement exams, though his family doesn't know this. they simply think he's disgruntled, and will come around eventually, but he has kept private, his reasons.

he wakes around one forty five in the afternoon, to a grumbling stomach, he ignores it. since he can't drive anymore he is void of any plans or anything to do, so he decides to walk to their spot about two miles from his house. their spot is the creek where as children he fell in love with her, the place they spent all their time together.

 they met at a young age no one can recall, and before the age of ten their parents were were putting on bets they'd get married. he missed talking to her. now 18 and alone, sitting in the woods, face blank overlooking the creek. glaring at the water that's shit brown from all the mud and pollutants, he looks around his spot.

 there are large rocks scattered about, all covered in moss. most are half submerged in the wide but shallow creek, but a select few are in what he considers awful places to put such a large rock. the trees are tall and thick, hundreds of years old. they're the only ones around save the few trees in people's yards, since the construction companies came in to build his development. but that was a long time ago.

 sitting in his old woods, he begins to think about her again. his eyes start to get that rubbery feeling, and his vision blurs. he sits in silence as tears roll down his face. an hour passes, or longer, he doesn't care or know how long he's been there. he raises himself up and carries himself home. when he gets to his house, he rushes straight up his stairs avoiding his siblings and father, ignoring his mother's question as to where he had been.

 it's four in the morning, and he's sweating. he decides to take a walk, and finds himself on his way to the only place he seems to go anymore besides his own house. his spot at the creek is down a small road that would probably be considered a country road if it were not for the multitude of single family homes jam packed down the street. he passes the sign for the state park, which some kids had spray painted a large cartoon penis onto. he kind of chuckles to himself, but as he reaches the turn his face sinks into a deep grimace. he hated how much time he spent at his spot, but he felt so guilty if he weren't there. when he reaches his spot, he begins to climb the tree he had when he were younger. the tree he always climbed with her. the tree that served at the catalyst for the breaking of his arm when he was eleven when she laughed until she saw the thin piece of bone sticking out of his arm with the stream of crimson dripping heavily from it. he sat in his tree and thought. thought about everything. thought about his family, thought about his few friends he didn't talk to anymore, thought about how much he missed her and how sorry he was for what he did. as he always did at his special place in the woods, whether it be on the banks of the creek or up in their tree, he cried.

 he asked himself why he thought he'd be alright that night. why he let himself do what he did. out of his backpack he took out a rope. it was a course rope one might think was made of sandpaper, but was really a thick twine for cattle or other. just a moment later, he was dangling by his neck from the thickest branch on the left bow of the tree.

 he couldn't help but stare at the spot she had died. he always found it ironic, the place they fell in love was the same place he had killed her. vehicular manslaughter the police report called it, along with DUI and reckless driving. maybe if she were wearing her seat belt he wouldn't have had to go through the agony of watching his only love get ejected through the windshield of his father's impala. when he climbed out of the car he ran to her. he ran to her like he had one thousand and one times before to the same spot they had played at as children. he found her laying face down on the shore. half of her was in the shallow water, with one leg bent up backwards past her head. the top of her skull was almost flattened, like a military man's flat top, only pushed down to where it wouldn't look humanly possible. to where it wouldn't be humanly possible save some sort of skull crushing event. he held her and cried for an hour. she was gone before he even got to her. she was probably gone after the fender of the impala was crushed from the impact of the moss covered rock jutting out next to the road.

with only a moment left of consciousness before his vision, then subsequently his life, faded to black, he realized he was making a mistake. he thought about his family again, only this time he wasn't so critical of his parents' scoldings or his siblings' arguments. he thought about the friends he wished he talked to more. and lastly, he thought about her. he wished he could have done better by her, but knew it was too little, too late. he wished he could have said goodbye, maybe get a little closure, but if that happened he wouldn't be where he is now. realizing he was a fuck up, he also realized it's not too late to change. only, with your neck in a noose and you're feet dangling 8 feet above the ground, change is difficult. groping for the rope to try to relieve his weight, he wasted more of his precious oxygen. as he became heavier and heavier, and as the rope cut more and more into his thin neck, he began to cry one last tear.

title: Wrote this a year and a half ago when I was (shocker here!) depressed. Just found it on my computer.

question: Who is the narrator?

answer: A young man (18) with alcohol abuse and mental health issues.

question: Who does he keep thinking about and why?

answer: He keeps thinking about his girlfriend, who is dead because he drove drunk and was reckless.

question: Where is his favorite spot and why?

answer: The creek about two miles from his house because as kids, this is the place he fell in love with his GF and they spent a lot of time here. The creek is also the place where he crashed his dad's car, killing his girlfriend.

question: What was going through his mind while he was losing consciousness because of the noose around his neck?

answer: He realized he was making a mistake by killing himself, he thought about his family, his friends, wished he could've done better by her, and wished he could've said goodbye for a little closure. He also realized that the noose was getting tighter and it was too late.

question: Write a ~7 sentence summary.

answer: A young man inadvertently kills his girlfriend by crashing into a jutting rock next to the road, right on their favorite spot by the creek, a place where they used to go all the time as kids and the place he fell in love with her. The young man was drunk and driving recklessly according to the police report. The court ordered him to attend alcohol classes and his mom made him go to bi-weekly therapy sessions. Nothing worked a he was full of guilt and regret. He keeps coming back to their favorite place and weeps while thinking about her and what he has done. Wracked by guilt, he goes back to their spot on the creek for one last time and hangs himself. Before everything fades to black, he wishes he could've said goodbye.


text:
*Written by myself.*

Lubulo, the ruler of the city, was to be found by his farm patch on the southern slope of the Tall Vent. Relu approached him from above, rolling lazily as he did so to take in the heat.

“Word has come from Kallcho,” he said. “They’ve begun evacuating. Even the deepest parts are no longer safe from the burning water.”

Lubulo, who had been tending the thin film of bacteria, looked up and flashed in mild alarm. He pulsated nervously backwards and forwards, before settling down once again.

“They couldn’t have waited a little while longer?” he queried. “We might have been able to at least save part of the city.”

“There was nothing they could do,” replied Relu. “The people on the outskirts were starting to die, and even those by the vents were acquiring burns. They reckon it will only be about a month before Kallcho is entirely uninhabitable. Our own city is now the last one left.”

“Our defences will hold,” said Lubulo. “They *must*.”

Above them, vast nets hung between the walls of the canyon, blotting out the dim light from above. The organisms that grew on them provided a refuge for the city of Yoshlulo from the burning water.

There had always been burning water, as far back as the historians could recall. But where once it had kept near the bright surface waters, it had gradually crept deeper and deeper as did the Green. The higher cities went silent first, many centuries ago. Now they stood deserted. No one had been near them for generations. The bright, warm waters where once one could live without ever going near a lava flow were flooded with the Green, living off the light of the sun, absorbing otherwise useless nutrients and pumping out their toxic gas, dissolving it into the surrounding ocean.

The refugees had come to the deeper waters first in their hundreds, then thousands, then millions as the burning water choked city after city. After the survivors of the journey from Kallcho arrived, there would be no more refugees.

It had been scientists in Kallcho that first bred the organisms that now protected Yoshlulo, the last bastion of civilisation in the world. These gas-eaters not only consumed the burning water, they actively *needed* it in order to survive. Thus far they had been successful, and Yoshlulo had survived.

“Kallcho’s have not,” Relu pointed out, his luminescent cysts sparking and shifting nervously.

“Kallcho is not in a location like Yoshlulo,” replied Lubulo. “They are, or rather *were*, on a volcanic slope. If they had waited for our engineers to arrive, they might have been able to erect better defences. With us, the canyon walls allow us to hang the nets around the entire city. A complete border of protection.”

“And how long will that protect us?” asked Relu.

“What do you mean?”

“I mean that we’re sitting on a vent. The city rises by a limb-span every year. The canyon roof is only fifty thousand limb-spans above us. That gives us only a few generations. Eventually we will be too high. The burning water will seep through and the city will die.”

“We will have to leave that to those who follow us,” replied Lubulo mildly. “We have done what we can. The nets are not the only defence. The gas-eaters are also being spread around waters higher up. I have people going on expeditions to plant colonies of them, and to record the progress of existing colonies. They’re doing well. It may be that they are enough to stem the harm done by the Green.”

Time continued its ceaseless march. Yoshlulo was destroyed and the last light of intelligence on Earth went out. The tectonic plates shifted, and all trace of civilisation was swallowed by subduction. Eventually, no evidence remained that it had ever existed at all. The distant descendants of the gas-eaters eventually looked back into the geological past of their planet and found no trace that they were anything but the first.

title: "Oxygenation"

question: Who are the main characters of the story?

answer: Lubulo, Relu.

question: Where does the story take place?

answer: The city of Yoshlulo.

question: What is happening?

answer: City after city has fallen because of the burning water caused by the Green, and only Yoshulo remains as the last bastion of civilization on Earth.

question: What is "the Green?"

answer: The Green lives off the light of the sun, absorbing otherwise useless nutrients and pumping out their toxic gas, dissolving it into the surrounding ocean which causes the water to burn.

question: Write a ~8 sentence summary.

answer: Lubulo is the ruler of the city of Yoshulo, the last city standing on Earth. He is talking to Relu, who informs him that another city, Kallcho, has fallen to the burning waters and refugees are coming their way. The burning waters are caused by "The Green," an organism that lives off the light of the sun, absorbing otherwise useless nutrients and pumping out toxic gas, dissolving it into the surrounding ocean. Lubulo is confident that the organisms they are breeding, known as "gas eaters" that consume the burning water to survive, will protect them. He tells Relu that the city has enough defenses to ward off the burning water for several generations. Relu remains unconvinced because the city rises a limb-span each year and they will eventually run out of space. Time marches on and Yoshulo, the last light of intelligence on earth, is destroyed. Descendants of the gas-eaters find no evidence of the previous civilization's existence.


text:
[]

REPLACING YOUR PILLOWS

You’re groggy. You’ve had another restless night - tossing and turning, but are unable to get comfortable. What to do?

A good pillow will help you get better sleep, because it provides a soft cushion for your neck and head,  and can also directly affect your spine. Since most pillows often get lumpy (or fall apart) when washed in the washing machine, you may wonder: “How long should I keep my pillows before replacing them?”  Well, look no further! I've done the research for you and what I found out may surprise you.

ALLERGENS & OTHER GROSS THINGS

IF YOU'RE AN ALLERGY SUFFERER, LIKE ME, YOU WANT TO DO EVERYTHING YOU POSSIBLY CAN TO LESSEN YOUR SYMPTOMS.  I PREVIOUSLY MENTIONED HELPFUL HINTS, SUCH AS, WASHING YOUR BEDDING FREQUENTLY IN HOT WATER TO REDUCE ALLERGENS IN MY ARTICLE, 10 TIPS FOR DEALING WITH SPRING ALLERGIES.  BUT IS WASHING YOUR PILLOWCASES ENOUGH?  YOU MAY ASK, "SHOULD I WASH MY PILLOWS, TOO?"  OR WONDER IF YOU SHOULD BE REPLACING THEM ALTOGETHER.

PILLOWS COLLECT BODY OILS AND SKIN FLAKES OVER TIME, EVEN WHEN COVERED BY A PILLOWCASE.   THESE ACCUMULATIONS CAN ATTRACT DUST MITES, A COMMON ALLERGEN. DUST MITES, ALONG WITH BACTERIA, MOLD AND MILDEW, AND HUMAN FACTORS SUCH AS PERSPIRATION AND DROOL, CAN MAKE PILLOWS BECOME UNHEALTHY.  EXPERTS RECOMMEND THAT ALLERGY SUFFERERS REPLACE THEIR PILLOWS EVERY 1 TO 3 YEARS, HOWEVER, USING A PILLOW COVER IN ADDITION TO THE PILLOWCASE CAN DOUBLE THAT AMOUNT OF TIME.

A PILLOW COVER, SOMETIMES REFERRED TO AS A PILLOW ENCASING, LOOKS LIKE A BASIC WHITE PILLOWCASE WITH A ZIPPER. THOUGH IT MAY LOOK LIKE A NORMAL PILLOWCASE, IT IS SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED TO BLOCK OUT DUST MITES AND OTHER ALLERGENS. THE MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN A PILLOWCASE AND PILLOW COVER ARE THAT PILLOW COVERS ZIP UP TIGHT TO COMPLETELY ENCASE YOUR PILLOW AND ARE MADE OF A FABRIC THAT PREVENTS ALLERGENS FROM PASSING THROUGH IT. PILLOW COVERS ACT AS A PHYSICAL BARRIER BETWEEN THE INSIDE OF YOUR PILLOW AND ALLERGENS.

If the above allergy concerns don't apply to you, you may want to simply consider whether your pillow still provides good support.  While a lumpy or flattened pillow can be extremely uncomfortable, it can easily be replaced.

Sleep experts say that an old pillow can cause improper neck alignment that can throw off a person's entire spine, resulting in back, neck and leg pain and causing a series of headaches.  They suggest replacing top-quality pillows every  2 to 3 years and less expensive ones more often than that – every couple of months!

HERE ARE TWO TESTS THAT YOU CAN USE TO DETERMINE WHETHER OR NOT YOU SHOULD REPLACE YOUR PILLOW:

-   If you own a POLYESTER pillow, fold it in half and place a shoe on top. If the pillow unfolds and knocks the shoe off, it is still good. If the shoe wins, the pillow probably needs replacing.

-    If you have a FEATHER pillow, fold it in half and squeeze out as much air as you can. (Leave the shoe out of this contest.) When you release the pillow, it should unfold on its own. If not, it is done and the pillow needs to be replaced.

SLEEP

Sleep deprivation can affect almost every area of your life, so it's important to do whatever you can in order to get good-quality sleep nightly.  One simple way to do that is to make sure that your pillows are not the problem.  A too-plump/ or too-flat pillow, or one that is not contoured to your head, neck and back, can seriously change sleep patterns, leading to side effects, e.g., depression, heart disease, irritability, slower reactions (think about driving) and tremors.

Also, it’s important to note that while you certainly get fitted for shoes and clothing, getting fitted for a  pillow has probably never crossed your mind – but you really should.  Purchasing a good-quality pillow that feels like a good fit will enhance good sleep and will also give you a starting point when replacing your pillows within that 2-to 3-year timeframe.

Did you find this article helpful?  If so, please let me know!  Click on your reaction below or leave me a comment or suggestion. Thanks!

_Elena White is the founder and editor of  Life The Green Way, corporate sustainability coordinator at her day job, and a "rurban" wife and mother.  Learn more about her here and follow her on Twitter at @Lifethegreenway._

question: Approximately when was the article written?

answer: That information can't be found

question: Is the author trying to sell something to the reader?

answer: Not directly, but she does try to convince the reader to buy new pillows and/or buy a pillow cover

question: What qualifications does the author have to speak on the subject of the article?

answer: The author claims to have "done the research," but they provide no specific qualifications or sources

question: What is the subject of the article?

answer: How long one should keep the same pillows before replacing them

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The author advises the reader to replace their pillows every 1 to 3 years to prevent allergens from accumulating in them and to make sure they provide head and neck support. They suggest getting a pillow cover to block allergens, and they give the procedure for a test to see if a pillow needs replacing.


text:
Nov 21, 2013

4 Min read time

"There’s probably no God. Now stop worrying and enjoy your life.”

[] Creator Ariane Sherine and Richard Dawkins at the launch of the atheist bus campaign. Photo:Zoe Margolis

Atheists are getting evangelical and congregational, bemused press reports would have it. There are the international bus ad campaigns – “Why believe in a God? Just be good for goodness’ sake,” in the U.S., and “There’s probably no God. Now stop worrying and enjoy your life” in Richard Dawkins’ Britain. More recently, a global effort, perhaps tongue in cheek, landed in the U.S. to provide “Sunday Assemblies” with the music and the community of churches, leaving out the God of churches (here and here). Then, there is the Chicago ceremony that “christened” babies Carl, Heinrich, and Martha in a totally irreligious (and socialist) ceremony. Oh, but that happened in 1884.

Historian Bruce Nelson’s article on ir- and anti-religious working-class movements in late 19th-century Chicago, as well as other research, serves to remind us that widespread irreligiosity, aggressive anti-religious social movements, and even fiercely secular instituions are not new.

The Chicago “Crusade”

Nelson describes the tense struggles in Chicago in the 1880s and ‘90s over labor organizing, punctuated by the 1886 Haymarket bombing, riot, and subsequent hanging of anarchists. Anarchist labor militants campaigned against religion as the enemy of the working man. And they had many sympathizers. Nelson estimates from census data that about 40 percent of Chicago residents in 1890 were “neither church members nor professed religious affiliation.” Well-placed observers at the time, including local ministers and visiting revivalists, said as much. Many Chicagoans, especially immigrants, were actively anti-clerical, seeing the church as unable to explain, much less meliorate, their misery and as an ally of the wealthy. Anti-religious anarchist rallies drew large crowds. Atheist activists organized “free-thinker” societies and newspapers. Czech immigrants, in particular, formed secular institutions and “offered secular baptisms for their children and secular funerals.” (Other working-class immigrants, notably the Irish, were militantly pro-religion.) In the end, argues Nelson, the pro- and anti-religious divide was the “fundamental fault line” that fatally undercut labor solidarity.

Yom Kippur Banqueting

At about the same time in New York, anarchist organizers mobilized anti-religious feelings among Jewish immigrants. One pugnacious tactic was to stage “Yom Kippur Balls.” This most holy of Jewish holy days entails fasting, somber self-reflection, and all-day prayer starting the evening before. As Rebecca E. Margolis told the story in 2001, Jewish anarchists found a sympathetic Jewish audience to join them in mocking the holiday. (See also this 2009 account by Eddy Portnoy.) Militants in New York, who had for years issued special broadsides to ridicule the High Holidays, borrowed the  Ball idea from London comrades. In 1889, they hosted a party, 24 hours of food and fun, that was well-attended despite noisy, angry protests from religious Jews. Smaller Yom Kippur balls were held in a few other cities. The 1890 New York event was yet more ambitious, but was eventually shut down by the police because of large crowds and fighting. The public tumult nonetheless demonstrated the significant support in New York for the atheists. In 1893 — the_New York Times_ report of September 21 starts “RIDICULED BY UNBELIEVERS: Anarchist Hebrews Made Sport of Yom Kippur with Dancing” — Emma Goldman was due to speak at the ball but left for fear of promoting unrest and arrests. New York’s 1901 Yom Kippur Ball was abruptly canceled because, Margolis says, of President McKinley’s assassination a week before by the anarchist Leon Czolgosz. In later years, anarchists, still trying to keep a low profile, held quiet Yom Kippur picnics on Long Island, far from the city’s Jewish neighborhoods. Yet, a generation later, an entire system of Jewish secular schools and summer camps served the same anti-religious impulse (see, e.g., here).

Ever Thus?

These accounts illustrate the point, made in earlier posts, that thinking of religious history as some global move from deep faith to scientific skepticism is wrong. Early in American history, most Americans were probably ignorant of even Sunday School-level theology and likelier to believe that occult spirits rather than the Christian God operated behind the natural world. For many of the well-educated, deism explained the existence of the universe but dismissed just about everything else explicitly Christian. The coming of Darwinism and paleontology in the latter half of the 19th century made even the deists’ prime mover seem unnecessary and strengthened sophisticated forms of “unbelief” (see here). Another notable episode was the Scopes “Monkey Trial,” which gave critics hostile to religion like H. L. Mencken a field day. Yet, Americans became _more_, not less, religiously active over the subsequent decades. (Earlier posts: here, here, and there.)

Aggressive assertion of atheism and even the creation of parallel institutions thus has precedents. One is reminded — although probably none of the students in Chicago’s secular Czech or New York’s secular Yiddish schools were reminded — “that which was is that which will be, and that which was done is that which will be done, and there is nothing new under the sun” (_Ecclesiastes [Qohelet]_ 1:9).

question: What is the main subject of the article?

answer: The author's argument that non-religious groups/ceremonies are not a new occurrence

question: Approximately when was the article written?

answer: November 2013

question: How many Chicago residents were not affiliated with a church in 1890, according to the author?

answer: 40 percent

question: How does the author feel about non-religious ceremonies?

answer: They feel that non-religious ceremonies are not new

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The author argues that anti-religious movements are not anything new, giving several examples from around the turn of the 20th century of such movements.


text:
[]Wirtland does not use commercial advertising campaigns to actively recruit new citizens, but its citizenship is free and open to everyone over 18 years of age. When you sign up at Witizens of Wirtland Network, you are offered two options: sign up as a "tourist", or apply for citizenship. Those who wish to apply soon receive one-page application form, which should be filled in and returned electronically.

That's about it. You receive your personalized Residence Permit. It is an electronic document. It bears the name of the owner and is suitable printing and framing. Alternatively, the document's central yellow-coloured part, also known as the yellow card, may be cut out. It fits any standard passport's page.
[]
The Residence Permit gives you all the rights of a Witizen, including:

-   the right to vote and be elected for public positions;
-   the right to register a corporation or a representative office of a corporation, a non-profit organization, an association, a political party, or other legal entity in Wirtland;
-   possibility to receive a passport and an identification card;
-   possibility to register a marriage and receive a marriage certificate;
-   the right of nomination for national awards of Wirtland;
-   possibility to contribute to this newspaper.

Issuance of a residence permit and processing of the application are completely free of charge. If you wish to receive a printed passport or a plastic identification card, they can be issued after 3-5 months from the date of issuance of your residence permit. Owner of a Wirtland passport or ID card can use them as a legitimate identification document in most cases.

question: Who can become a citizen of Wirtland?

answer: Everyone over 18.

question: What can you do with the Residence Permit?

answer: You can print it and frame it, or you can cut out its central yellow part (yellow card).

question: Can you get a printed passport or a plastic identification card?

answer: Yes.

question: Can you use a Wirtland passport or ID card as legitimate identification document?

answer: Yes, in most cases.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The text describes how to become a new citizen of Wirtland and the rights you have once you become a citizen.


text:
[First-century AD bust of Cicero in the Capitoline Museums, Rome.] _DE DIVINATIONE_ (Latin, “Concerning Divination”) is a philosophical dialogue about ancient Roman divination written in 44 BC by Marcus Tullius Cicero.

Contents

_De Divinatione_ is set in two books, taking the form of a dialogue whose interlocutors are Cicero himself (speaking mostly in Book II, and including a fragment of Cicero's poem on his own consulship) and his brother Quintus. Book I deals with Quintus' apology of divination (in line with his essentially Stoic beliefs), while Book II contains Cicero's refutation of these from his Academic skeptic philosophical standpoint. Cicero concerns himself in some detail with the types of divination, dividing them into the “inspired” type (Latin _furor_, Gk. _mania_, “madness”), especially dreams, and the type which occurs via some form of skill of interpretation (i.e., haruspicy, extispicy, augury, astrology, and other oracles).

_De Divinatione_ may be considered as a supplement to Cicero's _De Natura Deorum_.[1] In _De Divinatione_, Cicero professes to relate the substance of a conversation held at Tusculum with his brother, in which Quintus, following the principles of the Stoics, supported the credibility of divination, while Cicero himself controverted it.[2] The dialogue consists of two books, in the first Quintus enumerates the different kinds or classes of divination, with reasons in their favour.[3] The second book contains a refutation by Cicero of his brother's arguments.[4]

In the first book Quintus, after observing that divinations of various kinds have been common among all people, remarks that it is no argument against different forms of divination that we cannot explain how or why certain things happen.[5] It is sufficient, that we know from experience and history that they do happen.[6] He argues that although events may not always succeed as predicted, it does not follow that divination is not an art, any more than that medicine is not an art, because it does not always cure.[7] Quintus offers various accounts of the different kinds of omens, dreams, portents, and divinations.[8] He includes two remarkable dreams, one of which had occurred to Cicero and one to himself.[9] He also asks if Greek history with its various accounts of omens should be also considered a fable.[10]

In the second book Cicero provides arguments against auguries, auspices, astrology, lots, dreams, and every species of omens and prodigies.[11] It concludes with a chapter on the evils of superstition, and Cicero's efforts to extirpate it.[12] The whole thread is interwoven by curious and interesting stories.[13]

_De Divinatione_ is notable as one of posterity's primary sources on the workings of Roman religion, and as a source for the conception of scientificity in Roman classical antiquity.[14]

Quotes

-   Nothing so absurd can be said that some philosopher had not said it. () (II, 119)
-   That old saying by Cato is quite well known; he said he was surprised that one haruspex did not burst out laughing when he saw another one. () (II, 24, 51)

Citations

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

title: De Divinatione

question: What is remarkable about De Divinatione?

answer: Since the two books come from the viewpoints of Quintus and Cicero, there is a good balance in terms of the presentation of ideas. The two perspectives on Roman divination gives readers an objective insight as there is more than one perspective being presented.


text:
It's been abnormally cold out. Not the kind of cold that makes you long for an insulated winter jacket, the kind of cold that slowly forces your joints to stiffen and submit. The chord nearly slips from his perspiring hand. His heart triples in speed. He feels it again. The emotion. The one that consumes him. Drove him here. It's like a mute person speaking for the first time, but the joy that came from communication is dashed because they're only able to mumble gibberish for they haven't grasped how to control their newly birthed vocal chords. Or a person thats never laid eyes on the ocean but is dead set that they'll one day live their fantasy life by the sea.

He's brimming with smug amusement for thinking of such an apt analogy. The feeling is tarnished with the all consuming always present emotion of hate. Hate for oneself. And in this lapse of diligence he forgets what he holds. Panic. This time the chord carelessly slips through his hands like so many other important things he was once trusted to protect. Shock, horror and above all else regret. He didn't mean to. He was only testing himself. Testing the world. Proving a point. Spitting in the face of his shame, only to have shame's ugly face lick that spit off and sneer defiantly. All of this thought in the brief expanse that was less then the second it took for the cinder block at the end of the chord to pull his feet out from under him. He doesn't scream. He doesn't reach for the ledge. He only sighs his last exasperated sigh as he committed his last mistake to add to the tally that was all his life had really ever been.

title: Grotesque

question: What mood is supposed to be evoked from the first paragraph?

answer: It seems that forebodingness is being evoked.

question: Why does the man hate himself?

answer: It's not said directly, but he mentions that he has made a lot of mistakes in his life.

question: What emotion is the man trying to make an analogy for with "It's like a mute person speaking for the first time, but the joy that came from communication is dashed because they're only able to mumble gibberish for they haven't grasped how to control their newly birthed vocal chords"?

answer: It seems that they are describing disappointment.

question: What might have happened if the man didn't slip off the ledge?

answer: It's possible that he would continue being hateful towards himself.


text:
BEN LEDI (BEINN LEITIR in Scottish Gaelic) is a mountain in Stirling, Scotland. It is 879 m (2884 ft) high, and is classified as a Corbett. It lies about 6.4 kilometres (4 miles) north-west of Callander, near the village of Kilmahog. It is situated in the Trossachs, an area often regarded as having some of the most romantic scenery in the Highlands.

History

Ben Ledi is particularly well known through Walter Scott's poem _Lady of the Lake_. Supposedly in ancient times, Beltane rites were observed on the summit.[1] There are what is thought to be possible references to these Beltane rights in some of the Gaelic names on the mountain: Creag Ghorn; 'Rock of Embers' and Creag Loisgte; 'Burned Rock'. In 1791 the Rev Doctor James Robertson being minister of the parish at the time, was required to write a description of the parish for the First Statistical Account of Scotland. In his report he mistakenly (due to the similarity to _le dia_) took the name Ben Ledi to mean 'hill of god' which suited the purposes of the kirk of the day. The name is in fact a corruption of _Beinn Leitir_ which translates to 'the Hill of the Slope', which is a very suitable description of the long south shoulder used to access the summit. A cairn was built on the top in 1887 to commemorate Queen Victoria's jubilee.

A small lochan, Lochan nan Corp, lies at 655 m above sea level about 1.5 km to the north of the summit. The name means “the little loch of the dead”, and was thought to be named for an accident to a funeral party at which 200 lives were lost.[2] In truth the lochan is on the old coffin road from Glen Finlas to St Bride's chapel close to Loch Lubnaig. The pass is therefore named the Bealach nan Corp - Pass of the Dead - and the lochan is named after the pass.

[View from the summit towards Callander past the iron cross commemorating Sgt. Harry Lawrie of Killin Mountain Rescue]

Access routes

The eastern slopes of Ben Ledi are owned by Forestry and Land Scotland, and form part of the Queen Elizabeth Forest Park. A constructed path leads from a car park on the A84 road just south of Loch Lubnaig to a fence at about 270M where a rough track continues to the summit via the south shoulder, a distance of just over 3 km. An alternative route following Stank Glen leaves the shores of Loch Lubnaig about 1.5 km north of the start of the main route, reaching the summit ridge near Lochan nan Corp. The two routes may be combined to give a circular walk of about 9 km.

A short distance down to the south-east of the summit trig point, an iron cross commemorates Sergeant Harry Lawrie of the Killin Scottish Mountain Rescue team, who died on 1 February 1987 during a rescue operation on Ben More near Crianlarich when the helicopter crashed.[3]

In addition to hiking the Ben is occasionally used as a take-off point for paragliding.

The Ben Ledi ridge continues north, dropping down to about 600 m before climbing again to the summit of Benvane, a Corbett not to be confused with Ben Vane, a Munro on the west side of Loch Lomond.

[1]

[2]

[3]
Killin Mountain Rescue Team – In Memory Of Harry Laurie BEM

title: Ben Ledi

question: What part of Scott's poem made Ben Ledi well known?

answer: This information can't be found.

question: How far does Queen Elizabeth Forest Park stretch?

answer: This information can't be found.

question: What makes Ben a good point for paragliding take-off?

answer: It may be implied that Ben Ledi is perfectly inclined to support as a take-off point for paragliding.

question: How difficult is the hiking trail on Ben Ledi?

answer: This information can't be found.

question: What is the reason behind people losing their lives on the mountain?

answer: According to the article, people have lost lives in a helicopter crash, during its rescue operations, and also in an accident to a funeral party where at which 200 lives were lost.


text:
I am mostly mad. It has always been like this, usually starting as a slight knot in my gut, then a spreading irritation, till it fills my whole body with red flame and I explode.

My family and friends are used to this and don’t seem to mind my frequent anger outbursts, but when I meet new people I like to warn them: “Hi, I’m Andy Wokswizme, and I am mostly mad” – that way there are no surprises later on and new relationships in general have worked out well.

So imagine my consternation and outrage when I introduced myself thus at Heathrow passport control, and instead of letting me enter the UK and take a well deserved rest at the Holiday Inn, the British immigration officer looked at me queerly and pressed a red button calling men in white coats to take me away to a padded cell.

Its quite a nice padded cell, actually, and I love how the nearly 30256 squares interlock so neatly, forming pretty patterns that help me to sleep, that is when the voices let me. I like the voices, and I think the like me, probably because I was careful to tell them up front that I am mostly mad.

title: Mostly Mad

question: Who is the narrator?

answer: A man named Andy Wokswizme.

question: What is the narrator mad about?

answer: The narrator just has frequent anger outbursts in general.

question: What happens to the narrator at the passport control?

answer: The British immigration officer calls man in white coats who take the narrator to a padded cell.

question: Where is the narrator headed?

answer: The Holiday Inn in the UK

question: Where does the narrator wind up at the end of the story?

answer: A padded cell

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator, Andy, is always mad and introduces himself to people by declaring as such. When he tells the British immigration officer this on his way to the Holiday Inn, the officer summons men in white coats who take Andy to a padded cell. He spends his days in the padded cell with the company of voices, whom he makes sure to tell that he is mostly mad.


text:
A massive crowd of anti-pipeline demonstrators descended upon Burnaby Saturday morning to protest the expansion of the Trans Mountain pipeline.

Environmentalists and Indigenous leaders, including Coast Salish members who organized the Protect the Inlet event, banged drums and sang as they marched from the Lake City Way Skytrain station to the Kinder Morgan terminal on Burnaby Mountain.

The crowd of protesters near the train station quickly grew throughout the morning, as people arrived by train and bus from across Metro Vancouver, Vancouver Island, and the Southern Gulf Islands to join the rally.

By the time the protesters started marching to Kinder Morgan, at least a thousand people had gathered, with some estimating up to 10,000 had shown up by the time the massive crowd made it to Burnaby Mountain.

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Organizers are hoping to delay Kinder Morgan’s tree-clearing work, which is set to be completed by March 26, in order to put the pipeline behind schedule.

[Protesters gather outside Lake City Way Skytrain station before marching to Burnaby Mountain.]

 Protesters gather outside Lake City Way Skytrain station before marching to Burnaby Mountain.

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[ Pipeline protestors are basking in glory saying they successfully cancelled a liberal fundraiser.]

 Pipeline protestors are basking in glory saying they successfully cancelled a liberal fundraiser. Global News

The event is going forward despite Friday’s interim injunction that aims to prevent protesters from coming within 50 metres of the Burnaby and Westridge Marine terminals. Vancouver city councillor Adriane Carr said the injunction was a bold move.

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“It’s a belligerent gesture. I mean I think its already steaking out the ground that it’s going to be a conflict,” said Carr. “It doesn’t need to be a conflict. This can be a peaceful protest.”

But at least one organizer who talked to police before the protest said the 50-metre rule won’t be enforced during the rally.

A watch house was built by First Nations members just outside the 50-metre buffer zone. The wooden structure will be used by members to fix a gaze on the work being done by Kinder Morgan workers at the site.

Demonstrators say the event sends a clear message to Kinder Morgan that the pipeline will only be harmful to communities and the environment.

“I’m really concerned about putting a piece of infrastructure in that’s going to pump out tarsands and bitumen for 30 years,” Janet Silman said.

Trending Stories

  “We don’t have 30 years. We’ve got climate change happening now.”

  Tweet This

  Protestors arrive at the TransMountain pipeline terminal. Rally about to begin. Organizers trying to shepard people away from the terminal entrance, which is within the injunction zone. @GlobalBC pic.twitter.com/4JzkZnnkfM

  — Nadia Stewart (@nadia_stewart) March 10, 2018

[Thousands of protesters arrive at Burnaby Mountain for the Protect the Inlet rally against the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion Saturday.]

 Thousands of protesters arrive at Burnaby Mountain for the Protect the Inlet rally against the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion Saturday. Global News

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Counter-protest planned

Meanwhile at least 200 people gathered at Vancouver’s Jack Poole Plaza Saturday afternoon to show their support for the pipeline, saying it will lead to job growth and renewed investment in Canadian energy.

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WATCH BELOW: HUNDREDS ATTEND A RALLY IN SUPPORT OF THE ENERGY PROJECT, ARGUING IT’S IN THE NATIONAL INTEREST. PAUL JOHNSON REPORTS.

 [Click to play video 'Supporters of the Trans Mountain Pipeline expansion hold counter-rally'] 1:51 Supporters of the Trans Mountain Pipeline expansion hold counter-rally

Supporters of the Trans Mountain Pipeline expansion hold counter-rally – Mar 10, 2018

The event was organized by Resource Works and other pro-energy groups, who are pushing the federal government to keep its promise to go ahead with the project.

Several people have reportedly travelled to Vancouver from Alberta to join the rally in favour of the pipeline.

Prasad Panda, Alberta’s energy critic and MLA for Calgary-Foothills, attended and spoke at the event.

Other speakers, including Skeena MLA and former Haisla Nation chief councillor Ellis Ross, spoke to the pipeline’s safety and importance to the economy in both B.C. and Alberta.

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“I’m trying to get my people employment and trying to get them out of poverty and there are a lot of First Nations in B.C. and Canada that are trying to do the same thing,” said Ross.

“So all of those First Nations that don’t have that problem, that don’t have to deal with bringing in revenue and bringing employment for their members, good on you, congratulations.”

He said people should look at the scientific facts and research available before making up their minds about the project.

Background

The Trans Mountain pipeline expansion is set to increase the capacity of oil products flowing from Alberta to the B.C. coast to 890,000 barrels from 300,000 barrels.

The $7.4-billion project will expand an existing 1,150-kilometre pipeline between Edmonton and Burnaby.

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The proposal was first put forward in 2013. The National Energy Board (NEB) approved the expansion in 2016, subject to 157 conditions.

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The project will involve 980 kilometres of new pipeline, 12 new pump stations and 20 new tanks.

The new line will carry heavier oil, known as bitumen, diluted with a chemical condensate and pump close to 900,000 barrels a day. This would almost triple its current capacity.

Groups supporting the project estimate it will employ 15,000 workers during construction and create another 37,000 permanent jobs once it’s complete, with nearly a quarter of those jobs based in B.C.

_~With files from Kyle Benning and the Canadian Press_

© 2018 Global News, a division of Corus Entertainment Inc.

question: What is the main topic?

answer: There's a new oil pipeline that will be constructed, and the initial protesters are marching against it for environmental reasons. Meanwhile, there's a counter-rally that supports the pipeline, citing that it will create 15000 jobs during, and 37000 jobs after the construction.

question: What are the environmental protesters want to accomplish?

answer: They are aiming to delay the pipeline by obstructing the tree clearing before the construction.

question: What is Carr's opinion about the injunction?

answer: The injunction bans protesters from coming within 50 meters of construction. Carr thinks this frames the protest as a violent affair without cause, saying it could be a peaceful protest.

question: Why is there a rally supporting the pipeline?

answer: The pipeline's construction is expected to create 15000 jobs. Afterward, it's expected to create 37000 jobs.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: A large group gathers to protest the building of a new oil pipeline, citing environmental pollution and climate change as their reasons. They aim to block the clearing of the trees to delay the pipeline. Meanwhile, another group rallies in support of the pipeline because it will create jobs both during and after its construction.


text: I was utterly lone and 12,000 miles from home. I sat in my tiny room in the dirty Tokyo hostel and sucked down the flask bottle of whiskey. Kentucky bourbon made me feel closer to home than anything else. I contemplated the mysteries of the white wall a few feet from my face, and it must have spoken to me in some fashion for I felt a sudden compulsion to walk the dark streets and find companionship in the lonely city. I walked across one of the Asakusa bridges with that half drunken gait where you feel pushed along, rather than pushing yourself. I found myself pushed to the local foreigner bar and happily entered. Warm light came into the misty night as I opened the door and I was greeted with the sounds of music and laughter, the smell of beer and bourbon, and the touch of inebriated white hands clapping my back. There is a camaraderie among foreigners abroad unlike anything else. You truly are strangers in a strange land, and you wander alone all day through concrete tunnels lined with strange symbols and never talking, yet surrounded by bustling conversation always, and then at night you find each other and talk boisterously and smile always, and you ask "What country?" and tell how much you love Spain, or France, or England, and they tell you about how they love America so. You talk about where you've been, and where you'll be tomorrow. People filter in and out, and every night new people and old friends departing, for they must catch a plane tomorrow. Then at midnight is last call and everyone spills into the streets. Whiskey at the 7-11 and then a trip to the river where you lay about and speak of life and home and the glory of the journey. As I lay on my back I realize I feel closer to these strangers than anyone I know, and it is a comforting realization that you can find companionship in the loneliest of places, and that tomorrow there will be new friends and new liquor and that you will never be truly alone.

title: Tokyo, Japan

question: What is the overriding situation or emotion that the narrator is feeling?

answer: Loneliness.

question: What is the main lesson the narrator is learning from his experiences in Japan?

answer: The narrator is learning the benefits of reaching out and making connections.


text:
[Krishna Raju (left) and Salim Ali (1975)] K. S. R. KRISHNA RAJU (11 March 1948 – 22 July 2002) was an Indian ornithologist who worked extensively in the Eastern Ghats of Vishakapatnam. He conducted multiple avifaunal surveys, ringed birds and collaborated with other ornithologists including Dillon Ripley and Salim Ali.[1][2] His studies provided weight to the Satpura hypothesis proposed by Sunder Lal Hora that the Eastern Ghats was part of a former continuum of habitats between the northeast of India and the Western Ghats with affinities to those in Southeast Asia. A subspecies of Abbott's babbler, _Malacocincla abbotti krishnarajui_, discovered around Visakhapatnam Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, was named in his honour, “for his efforts to promote the survey and conservation of the natural resources of the Eastern Ghats.”[3][4][5]

Biography

Krishna Raju was born on 11 March 1948 to K.V.V. Gopala Raju and Sita Devi. He was a brother of the journalist K. N. Y. Patanjali.

Raju joined the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) as a field biologist at Point Calimere and worked with S. A. Hussain[6] and was a pioneering Indian bird ringer.[7] In 1971, he set up a bird banding camp at Lambasingi village in the Eastern ghats of Andhra Pradesh where, he along with Selvin Justus discovered the presence of the little spiderhunter a species then known to be isolated in the Western Ghats and found again only in northeastern India and Southeast Asia.[8]

In 1975, Raju joined a team of BNHS members on a study expedition in the Eastern ghats of Vishakapatnam. In 1981 and again in 1983, Raju accompanied Dillon Ripley and Salim Ali for short collection trips. During these trips, they mist-netted an Abbott's babbler, a species the known only from north-east in India and Southeast Asia. This relict population was found to be distinctive and was described as a subspecies that named was after Krishna Raju by Bruce Beehler and Dillon Ripley as _Malacocincla abbotti krishnarajui_. This was yet another species that gave weight to the Satpura hypothesis suggested by the Indian zoologist Sunder Lal Hora to explain the faunal similarities of Peninsular India and that of Southeast Asia.[9]

Raju continued his efforts in conservation of the Eastern ghats through his publishing efforts until his death.[10]

Publications

Krishna Raju's publications include:

-   -   -   -   -

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

title: K. S. R. Krishna Raju

question: What age did Krishna Raju live until?

answer: 54

question: What is Krishna Raju primarily known for?

answer: He was an ornithologist who worked extensively in the Eastern Ghats of Vishakapatnam.

question: Summarize everything to do with Dillon Ripley.

answer: He collaborated with Krishna Raju. Along with Krishna Raju and Salim Ali, he went on short collection trips in 1981 and 1983. During those trips, they found a distinctive species of babbler, which he named after Krishna Raju.

question: What is the BNHS?

answer: The Bombay Natural History Society

question: List some of Krishna Raju's publications.

answer: That information can't be found.

question: What nationality was Krishna Raju?

answer: Indian

question: Who was Salim Ali?

answer: He was also an ornithologist and a collaborator of Krishna Raju.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Kirshna Raju was an Indian ornithologist. He was born in 1948 and died in 2002. He was a member of the Bombay Natural History Society and collaborated with Salim Ali and Dillon Ripley. His findings provided evidence for the Satpura Hypothesis, which explained the faunal similarities of Peninsular India and Southeast Asia.


text:
“Just a few questions sir, and we’ll be out of your hair” said the neatly kept woman behind the desk.

     “No problem”, Pete replied, wondering how she fell into this job.

     “Okay then, so. Age?”

     “25”, he said, after a brief pause that someone lying might have needed.  She nodded, punching the keyboard twice.

    “Weight?”

“Ooo, God knows. Sorry. I mean, I have no idea.  The last time I weighed myself I was about 210, 220? But that was at least a month ago.” He turned to his side. “What do you reckon?”  She smiled, embarrassed at his gesture.

     “We’ll say 210 then.” Pete congratulated himself, then thanked her for the accidental compliment.

     “Time of death?” asked the woman, slightly more sternly then the last questions.  Pete was taken aback.  He was having fun before that one.

     “Don’t you already know that?” he asked.  She shrugged sympathetically. “It’s for our records.”

    “Fine. Suicide.” A subtle wince brushed over her face at his brisk retort.  “Will that be a problem?” he asked, noticing her expression.

     “No, no absolutely not”.  The woman made a conscious effort to force a smile.  Peter smiled back, her smile was convincing enough.  She had lovely teeth, too.  “If you’d like to go through, Jon will show you around.”

    As the words came out of her mouth, a polished, white door opened to the right of her desk.  Jon, who looked like he had stepped out of a shaving advert, was waiting on the other side, doing his best to make him feel as welcome as possible with a beaming smile.  “Come through my friend!” he shouted enthusiastically.  Peter didn’t like him already.

    He stepped through the door, not pausing to consider the fact that one of life’s biggest questions was soon to be answered for him. Of course, he had preconceptions of what heaven might look like – clouds, cherubs, wispy structures with thrones and columns - but he decided he would leave those in the waiting room.   They were mostly taken from Disney’s Hercules anyway; a dubious source at best.

    With his jaw hung open, he pivoted on the spot, like a netball player desperately searching for a pass.  The door behind him had disappeared, and surrounding him, in every direction, were rows, and rows, and rows, of cubicles.  They seemed to go on infinitely into the distance, punctuated by a medium sized houseplant by the doorway of each one, and a water cooler every 50 yards in the corridors dissecting them.  He looked at Jon, who was looking around in gleeful awe, as though he too was seeing it for the first time.  “Isn’t it amazing” he said, breaking from his trance to gage Peter’s reaction.
“It’s…an office?”, though it was more of an observation then a question.

     “This is what we call The Mothership” explained Jon, still baring those suspiciously white teeth.  “It’s the central hub. The engine room, if you like. This is where you’ll be working.”

title: Heaven is a Place on Earth. Part 1

question: What do you think is heaven's stance on suicide, and why do you think that?

answer: It seems that heaven does not favor those who commit suicide as opposed to other causes of death. Considering that Pete ends up in an office with endless rows of cubicles-and that most adults who have worked in an office setting can tell you that it's hardly thrilling-it's reasonable to assume that Pete will not be looking forward to his new post.


text:
 [Yes, Nigerian Youths Are Lazy]

[ndic advert]

By Chima Amadi

Characteristic of the President’s foreign travels, an avoidable public relations storm is now being managed by his handlers arising from his characterization of majority of the nation’s youthful population as inherently beggarly and lacking the creativity and enterprise to weather the economic conditions on their own.
Depending on which spin doctor’s narrative you are reading, there is an attempt to create the impression that the president would never depict Nigerian youths in the way that is being suggested or that the youths are a direct opposite of the president’s gaffe.

The latter is the reason why the “Lazy Nigerian Youth” hashtag went viral within a few hours of its release.
However, I am not taken by the pictures of different enterprising Nigerian youths in their work places and the ensuing narrative of how they are hardworking, neither am I bothered by the accusations against the government of not creating an “enabling environment “ for the youth to thrive .

In my mind, both arguments are contradictory or cancel out each other and I will not spend time trying to reinforce one against the other. What is clear to me is that Nigerian youths are indeed lazy. The import of the president’s statement is not lost on me.
While we may not be totally accurate about the actual numbers of our population, what is not debatable is that Nigerians youthful population is a major component of the total population of the country. Estimates have put that population at over 70 percent .

A very significant number of this large population are graduates from the nation’s tertiary institutions. The good mix of literate and illiterate but both deprived youthful populations is the enabling condition for mass based revolution targeted at destroying the current rotten order entrenched by an impervious ruling elite that had subjected the masses to abject poverty.

The social conditions of these youthful population is enough to make them sufficiently angry at a system that was contrived and manipulated to ensure that they remain rooted at the base of the social lather in perpetuity while their traducers and scions use them for propulsion to manoeuver themselves to the pinnacle of that lather. I am not sorry for a population that refuses to be agitated over the prevailing political arrangements by ageing elite that deems them not fit to organize the political and economic structures of society but deploys them to political battle fields as thugs to entrench the same order that sees nothing good of them.
If the Nigerian youth in whose lifetime less endowed communes of youths in other climes take their fates in their own hands to recalibrate the political order in their countries through consistent and well organised mass actions as witnessed in the Middle East, cannot be riled enough to seek for an overthrow of the current order that merely uses them as cannon fodder for group preservation, then the president is right. If the Nigerian youth would rather an over 80 year old Wole Soyinka leads it in a rejection of the present order whose consequential symptoms of decadence affects them more than an evidently comfortable Laureate, I testify to their laziness
Only a lazy bunch of youths, with its clearly majority demographic, will accept the status quo of corruption, inefficiency, maladministration, nepotism, and corruption by public officials and still take to the social media and sometimes the streets in violent defense of the thieving lot. The Nigerian youth is lazy since he/she does not understand that the power to institute a new order lies in his/her hands and the opportunity to create a better future from the current bleakness is now more realisable than ever before given the electoral reforms and revolutionary reality of the PVC. But, how many of those regaling the virtual media space with photo shots of their “hustle” are in possession of this future recreating tool? With a likely population of 110 million or more, is it not absurd that the total votes cast in 2015 in the presidential elections were slightly higher than 25 million? The teeming youth population simply went amiss. If the reality that the youth is confronted with is not enough to instigate a push for something different, they should keep quiet and accept the presidential reprimand.

[Aljazirahnews]

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question: What is characteristic of the President's foreign travels?

answer: There is an avoidable public relations storm that is then managed by his handlers.

question: What President is being referred to?

answer: The president of Nigeria

question: What is the author referring to when they say "both arguments are contradictory or cancel out each other"?

answer: The author is discussing the "Lazy Nigerian Youth" hashtag at the time of this document. One argument is that Nigerian youths are hardworking, and the other narrative is that the government hasn't created an "enabling environment" for the youth to survive.

question: What population is put at over 70%?

answer: The Nigerian youthful population

question: Who does the author label as a lazy bunch of youths?

answer: The narrator labels Nigerian youths who accept the status quo of Nigeria as lazy.

question: What is the PVC?

answer: That information can't be found in the document.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: This document is an opinion piece from the time the Nigerian president characterized Nigeria's youth as lazy. The author of this document believed that the Nigerian youth is lazy when they do not push against Nigeria's corruption, inefficiency, and maladministration for something better.


text:
Guest post by Joe Hoft

In late December the US Congress lifted a 40 year banon exporting oil. By late January the first shiploads of oil were off to Europe.

Now it is reportedthat the US has turned into an ‘oil nation’ with record exports, ‘eating’ away at OPEC’s market share:

  The U.S. exported a record amount of crude oil, topping a million barrels a day for a second week and filling the gap in world markets created by OPEC cutbacks.

  Shale and other U.S. producers sent 1.2 million barrels of crude oil onto world markets last week, up nearly 200,000 barrels a day from the week earlier and about 350,000 barrels above the four-week average, according to Energy Information Administration data. Until recently, the U.S. was exporting about 500,000 barrels a day.

TRENDING: Crowd Erupts in Cheers as Giuliani Tells AZ State Lawmakers: "Your Political Career is Worth Losing if You Can Save the Right to Vote in America" (VIDEO)

With the US entering the worldoil market, “OPEC doesn’t really control the oil market any more”.  OPEC is compiled of a number of terror states, so taking away the only real source of income for these states, is a very good thing.

It’s about time that US oil can legally be exported – Along with prosperity it makes the world safer.

WITH TRUMP – MORE WINNING!

question: How much oil did the U.S. export?

answer: About 500,000 barrels a day.

question: How long was the ban for?

answer: 40 years.

question: Who are the U.S. producers?

answer: Shale and a few others.

question: What is the effect of the U.S. entering the oil market?

answer: OPEC does not control the oil market anymore.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer:
U.S. Congress has lifted the 40-year ban on oil exports. It is reported now that the U.S. has turned into an oil nation. The country is exporting 500,000 barrels in a day.

With the U.S. entering the oil market, OPEC no more controls the oil market which is a good thing.


text:
SREE RAMA SWAMI TEMPLE is an ancient Hindu temple located in Ramapuram village in Meenachil tehsil and near Pala in Kottayam district in the Indian state of Kerala. The temple has Lord Rama as principal deity, facing the east, who is in the form of “Chathurbahu” (four-armed).[1] It is managed by a trust called Ramapuram Devaswom consisting of three Nambudiri families of Amanakara mana, Kunnoor mana and Karanattu mana.[2]

Location

The temple is located away from Ramapuram junction on the Pala - Koothattukulam highway. It is about 35 km from Kottayam, 17 km from Thodupuzha, 12 km from Pala and 10 km from Koothattukulam.

Temple

The structure is believed to be thousand years old. The Sreekovil (sanctum sanctorum) is in a circular shape, covered by copper with a golden finial on the top. “Thidappalli” and temple well are placed in the southeast and northeast cornerns. When crossing the eastern gopuram, a tall golden flagstaff is placed. In the past, it was made up of copper. The idol of Rama is made up Panchaloha, a composition of five metals. The temple pond is situated to the north, where the _aarttu_ ceremony of Kondadu Dharmasastha temple is performed.[3] The temple is accompanied by 3 other nearby shrines dedicated to Lakshmana, Bharatha and Satrughna, located within a radius of .[4] A visit to these four temples during the “Karkidaka” or Ramayana month is popularly known as “Nalambala Darshanam”, which brings about achievements and blessings to the devotees.[5][6]

Legend

The legend says that Lord Rama (incarnation of Lord Vishnu) left his kingdom of Ayodhya and reached the present Ramapuram village through the route which he used to find his spouse Sita during the fourteen years of exile. He found the place as an ideal spot for meditation. His brothers found him missing and they went in search for him towards south. When they found him meditating in a serene place, they too sat besides him and meditated. Lakshmana at Koodapulam, Bharata at Amanakara and Satrughna at Methiri. When time passed, separate shrines for them arose in the spots where they meditated and it was famed as “Nalambalam”.[7]

Deity

Apart from Lord Rama, the temple have other subordinate deities. Shrines of Lord Sastha and Dakshinamurty are placed in the south of Sreekovil. The complex also have the shrines of Goddess Bhardakali, Lord Ganapathi, Hanuman, Brahmarakshas and Yakshiyamma.[8]

Poojas

Five poojas and three “Sheevelis” are held every day in the temple.[9]

Festival

The eight day annual festival is hosted in the Malayalam month of Meenam (i.e. March/April) on the chothi star. It is concluded by the aarattu ceremony on the Thiruvonam star, performed in the Amanakara Bharata temple pond.[10] “Utsavabali” is also an important event during the festival.[11]

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title: Ramapuram Sree Rama Temple

question: Where is the temple?

answer: In Ramapuram village in Meenachil Tehsil in Kottayam district in the Indian state of Kerala

question: When was the temple built?

answer: The article only states that it is believed to be a thousand years old

question: What is the idol of Rama made of?

answer: Panchaloha, a composition of five metals

question: What is the legend about the origin of the temple?

answer: It states that Lord Rama, an incarnation of Vishnu, meditated where the temple now sits while searching for his spouse Sita

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The Sree Rama Swami Temple is an ancient Hindu temple in Ramapuram village in Meenachil Tehsil in Kottayam district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is believed to be a thousand years old, and according to legend, it sits where Lord Rama meditated while searching for his spouse Sita.


text:
{{West Marches Game}}((ONLY looking to add an additional DM!))
<<>> THE DATES ARE DETERMINED BY PLAYERS, THIS ISN'T A WEEKLY FRIDAY GAME<<>>

Welcome everyone to Redhaven! It is a West March style of campaign. This game style is player vs world, I highly recommend you do a quick google search of what that entails.These times and parties will be player driven but I will not allow a party of more than 6 people, I will go with as little as 3 people. My goal is to run a flexible fun group that all can enjoy! No roll will be hidden and the wilds are dangerous so be prepared for the unprepared!

You have finally come of age to start helping out your elders in this lowly town at the edge of the world. Your elders escaped through a portal created by the village sage to escape an attack of a mighty red dragon. No one has had time to adventure or chart the area because they were busy building provisions and defenses. This is the dawn of the second generation of Redhaven, it is now your duty to explore and uncover the mysteries the wilderness has to offer.

In this campaign there is a ton of homebrew town elements that you adventurers will be working on to improve your stay here. Maybe you come together to upgrade the town shrine to roll a new character at a higher level, maybe you work on the blacksmith to improve his skills, etc. I have tons of fun elements planned and its gonna be a great time but it is up to you guys to forge that journey!

Upon receiving your invite you will get an invite to our discord and game, from there I will help guide you in what you need to do to introduce your character to our setting. I will post adventure hooks in Discord and you will claim them then (in character) look for other adventurers at an agreed time with me and we can save that date and play then!

Some quick rules-

18+
Good Quality Mic
Be nice to others
PHB / DMG/ SCAG chars ONLY
Post below so I can get a feel for the type of player you are

Name:
Age:
DnD experience:
Why you want to play WM style:

question: How is Redhaven described?

answer: As a West March style of campaign

question: What is the game style of Redhaven?

answer: The game style of Redhaven is player vs world.

question: How can adventurers improve their stay in the campaign?

answer: The adventurers can improve their stay in the campaign by working on the ton of homebrew town elements that are provided.

question: How many quick rules are listed in the game?

answer: 5 quick rules

question: What does the game invite come with?

answer: The game invite comes with an invite to the Redhaven discord.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: A description of Redhaven, a campaign that is person vs world style, is described. Joining the Redhaven discord is also described along with some quick rules and introductions.


text:
Cymbals crash in lightning strikes down long corridors, as I awaken. Blood is trickling down my nose. I can taste pennies and batteries. I sit up and reach around to the back of my head and feel the scar where they put the implant to prolong the ticking time bomb that is my brain.

"It's the dreams," they said. "They're dangerous."

Seven years.

I wake up and I'm somewhere else. I'm sitting at a desk in a room of t.v.'s. Languages are being spoken that I don't understand by people and things I don't recognize. Zeros and ones are being displayed to me on a computer screen. I push a button, and the languages are represented in a form I understand. Everyone goes silent as I hear a voice from behind me.

"All that you have to do, you have to do today. Until the day you realize this, you won't be free."

I'll never be free.

The scar on the back of my head oozes, and it runs down my finger. Mortified, I run to the bathroom to scrub it off. Having your brains in your hands is most certainly not the fondest of things to wake to. I look in the mirror and see that one of my eyes is blood red, while the other is a normal white and green. Heterochromia? No.

"Will this hurt?" I ask the doctor.

"Only if you think about it," he responds as he applies pressure to the scalpel pressed against my cervical vertibrae one. It hurts for the last time.

In the broken mirror of my bathroom I see a tear run down my scarred face parallel to the blood that has dried under my septum. I wash it away and look at my reflection again and smile as if they were never there.

There was a time when all I knew was love. A time when I felt. I mean, I can touch. I can understand touch, but the days when I felt are gone. A symptom of the lottery I won, and the triggers that opened it's box. Tears and smiles are only functional.

"If this moment should last longer than this moment, then it should only be in our minds." She said to me unfortunately facetious, but now I realize how relavent it was.

I dreamed a woman would kill me, I just didn't know it would come true so many times.

The sink fills with water washing my blood and brain down the drain. I blink and my blood eye stays open. A message has come in.

"A Lesson in Human Anatomy"
It takes fourteen pounds of pressure to break the mid section of the average human being's clavicle as long as the impulse is applied as a direct force on or near the curves of the bone. End.

I am human. I fight gravity. I fight death. There is nothing to save me. I float and wander and survive until I don't. I despise these messages. I used to be an artist. Curves had some meaning to me at one time, a violent meaning still, but different than this.

"Your emotions have gotten the best of you. How can you live to benefit The Order with so many emotions that lead to dangerous dreams? It's best we get rid of them."

"For the order," I mumble aloud, and as if they could hear me, a new message comes in.

"New target"
The Order is getting closer to the top of this terrorist cell wreaking havoc on the good people of our society. The righteous and kind citizens of this national democratic empire are depending on you to keep them safe. Their life is in your hands. Your mission is Marie Sklodowska. End.

The message closes, and a life closely observed comes pouring into my conscious. I've lived many, just to see them disappear. This one is different.

It's almost always a woman. She's almost always beautiful and making waves, a trait I used to admire. This one though, she is a tsunami, and I have to meet her in the middle of the ocean to break her before she reaches shore.

A consequence. A life prolonged from one day to one day for seven years.

title: Enter the Antihero

question: Who are the main characters of the story?

answer: The narrator, his handlers in the Order

question: When does the story take place?

answer: Possibly the future or another timeline.

question: What does the protagonist do?

answer: He works for The Order, tracking down terrorist threats harming the good people of society.

question: What is the Order?

answer: The Order is some form of government for the national democratic empire.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator works for The Order, the government of the national democratic empire. He has a brain implant that prolongs his life. His job is to hunt terrorists that harm the good people of society. His next target is a woman, Marie Sklodowska.


text:
_YACY_ (pronounced “ya see”) is a free distributed search engine, built on principles of peer-to-peer (P2P) networks.[1][2] Its core is a computer program written in Java distributed on several hundred computers, , so-called YaCy-peers. Each YaCy-peer independently crawls through the Internet, analyzes and indexes found web pages, and stores indexing results in a common database (so called index) which is shared with other YaCy-peers using principles of P2P networks. It is a search engine that everyone can use to build a search portal for their intranet and to help search the public internet clearly.

Compared to semi-distributed search engines, the YaCy-network has a decentralised architecture. All YaCy-peers are equal and no central server exists. It can be run either in a crawling mode or as a local proxy server, indexing web pages visited by the person running YaCy on their computer. (Several mechanisms are provided to protect the user's privacy). Access to the search functions is made by a locally running web server which provides a search box to enter search terms, and returns search results in a similar format to other popular search engines.

YaCy was created in 2003 by Michael Christen[3].

System components

YaCy search engine is based on four elements:[4]

Crawler: A search robot that traverses from web page to web page and analyzes their content.
Indexer: Creates a reverse word index (RWI) i.e. each word from the RWI has its list of relevant URLs and ranking information. Words are saved in form of word hashes.
Search and administration interface: Made as a web interface provided by a local HTTP servlet with servlet engine.
Data storage: Used to store the reverse word index database utilizing a distributed hash table.

[Homepage of YaCy]

Search-engine technology

[YaCy network]

-   _YaCy is a complete search appliance with user interface, index, administration and monitoring._
-   YaCy harvests web pages with a web crawler. Documents are then parsed, indexed and the search index is stored locally. If your peer is part a peer network, then your local search index is also merged into the shared index for that network.
-   A search is started then the local index contributes together with a global search index from peers in the YaCy search network.

YaCy platform architecture

[Web search showing results of the different components YaCy uses] YaCy uses a combination of techniques for the networking, administration, and maintenance of indexing the search engine including blacklisting, moderation, and communication with the community. Here is how YaCy performs these operations:

-   Community components
    1.  Web forum[5]
    2.  Statistics
    3.  XML API
-   Maintenance
    1.  Web Server
    2.  Indexing
    3.  Crawler with Balancer
    4.  Peer-to-Peer Server Communication
-   Content organization
    1.  Blacklisting and Filtering
    2.  Search interface
    3.  Bookmarks
    4.  Monitoring search results

Distribution

YaCy is available on Windows, Mac and Linux.

The Debian package can be installed from a repository available at the subdomain of the project's website.[6] The package is not maintained in the official Debian package repository yet.[7][8] [9] [10]

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[9] Azizi Search Engine Script

[10] Bang Digital

title: YaCy

question: Is YACY safe for users, considering it is a P2P-based technology?

answer: It seems to be relatively safe, though the article did not go into details as to what mechanisms are being used to protect user's privacy.


text:
NO. 1 is the second studio album by South Korean singer BoA, released on April 14, 2002 by SM Entertainment.

Album editions

The Japanese issue of _No.1_ includes an exclusive bonus track “No.1 (English Version)”.

There are only limited copies of the first pressing of the album which sold out just in weeks. The first press includes “No.1 (Original Version)”, “My Sweetie (Original Version)”, and “Listen to my Heart (Big Chorus Version)”. Later pressings of the album contain “No.1 (Music Video Version)” and “My Sweetie (Corrected Version)” (featuring a slightly amended ending).

Sales

The album debuted at #1 in the Korean Top 50 Monthly Chart with initial monthly sales of 232,400 in April 2002 and stayed at #1 the next 4 months. _No.1_ placed #2 on the list of the best-selling albums in Korea for 2002, with reported sales of 544,853 that year.[1]

Title song writing credit controversy

In a case spanning 13 years, Universal Music Korea and songwriter, Kim Young Ah, were locked in a lawsuit regarding the proper lyrics writer credit for the album's title track.

In 2002, Kim was asked to write the lyrics for “No. 1” and was paid 2 million won (approx. US$1,800) from SM Entertainment after the song was accepted. Shortly afterwards, SM signed a music copyright licensing contract with Universal Music Korea. Since the song was not registered with the Korea Music Copyright Association prior to the contract, Universal Music Korea registered “No. 1” in 2003. However, they listed the songwriter/lyrics writer for the song as Sigurd Rosnes (Ziggy) and the original copyright holder as Saphary Songs.

In 2011, Kim requested to the Korea Music Copyright Association that they delay payment of royalties to Universal Music, and in 2012, she filed the lawsuit for confirmation of being the lyrics writer for the song.

On July 6, 2015, the South Korean Supreme Court ruled that in Kim's favor. Besides getting officially credited as the song's lyrics writer, she will be receiving 45 million won (approx. US$40,000) in royalties, as well as 5 million won (approx. US$4,400) in compensation for her psychological distress due to the issue.[2]

Track listing

Promotional songs are in BOLD.

1.  “NO.1” (Sigurd Rosnes/Lyrics by Kim Young Ah)[3]
2.  “MY SWEETIE” (Yoo Young-jin)
3.  “늘 [NEUL]... (WAITING...)” (Kangta)
4.  “Tragic” (Ahn Ik-soo)
5.  “Shy Love” (Ko Young-jo, Lyrics by Bae Hwa-young)
6.  “Day”(Boa)
7.  “Dear My Love...” (BoA)
8.  “난 [Nan] (Beat It)” (Kangta)
9.  “P.O.L. (Power of Love)” (S.Y.M., Lyrics by Nam So-young)
10. “My Genie” (Kang Won-seok, Lyrics by Im Su-chul)
11. “Pain-Love” (Yoo Chan-mo)
12. “Happiness Lies” (Benny Bellamacina/Bruce Elliott-Smith/Dennis Verrios/Jamie Hardwick/Jemma Joyce), Lyrics by BoA)
13. “Realize (Stay with Me)” (BoA)
14. “Azalea” (Gim Mi-sun)
15. “LISTEN TO MY HEART (BONUS TRACK)”(Hara kazuhiro, Lyrics by Cho Yoon-kyung)
16. “No.1 (English Ver.) (bonus track – only available in Japanese version No.1 album)”

Release history

  Country       Date
  ------------- ----------------
  South Korea   April 14, 2002
  Japan         June 12, 2002

[1] 2002 Year-End Chart . Music Industry Association of Korea. Retrieved in July 11, 2008.

[2] http://entertain.naver.com/ranking/read?oid=005&aid=0000792625

[3] Writer of BoA’s Hit Song “No. 1” Finally Receives Royalties After 13 Years. Soompi. Published in July 6, 2015

title: No. 1 (BoA album)

question: Why did Universal Music Korea not list Kim Young Ah as a lyricist for "No.1"?

answer: This was likely to avoid paying royalties to Kim and therefore retain more profit, which based on the 2011 lawsuit, was not insignificant.

question: What kind of music does BoA produce?

answer: Likely pop music

question: What does the song writing credit controversy reveal about the Korean music industry?

answer: Legal copyright needs to be registered with the Korea Music Copyright Association, and receiving credit is not guaranteed.

question: What is the reason for there being a limited pressing?

answer: Likely to encourage early sales from fans keen on a limited edition; it may also have been to be able to release a version and begin sales early before final refinements to the album.


text:
STEVEN L. MILLER is a businessman who has been a prominent leader in the American oil industry, serving as chairman of the board of directors, president, and CEO of Shell Oil Company from 1999 to his retirement in 2002. A native of Kansas City, Missouri, he was born in 1945, and graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1967. He currently resides in Houston, Texas, where he promotes volunteer work through his company, SLM Discovery Ventures.

Early and personal life

Miller was born in 1945 in Kansas City, Missouri, but spent most of his childhood in Bismarck, North Dakota. It was there, living next to 5 baseball fields and a golf course, that he developed his lifelong passion for both sports.[1]

Miller's family moved to the Chicago, Illinois, area during high school, and from there he went to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He chose to major in chemical engineering, within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, later stating that he preferred the wider range of education provided by a liberal arts education. He has also credited part of his later success in management to this decision.[2]

During his time at the University of Illinois, Miller joined Triangle Fraternity, a fraternity aimed specifically at those in the fields of engineering, architecture, and science. He has remained quite active in the organization on the national and alumni levels, donating both experience and money. His most visible accomplishment is the Steven L. Miller President's Leadership Academy, an annual leadership training program for chapter presidents.

Miller currently resides with his wife, Sheila, in Houston. They have two children. He remains active in both baseball and golf, and holds an avid interest in American history. As a result of these hobbies, his current office is located at the Houston Astros' Minute Maid Park, overlooking the field, and he has served as a member of the board and trustee for the World Golf Association and First Tee, respectively, as well as being an honorary member of the Houston Golf Association. He is also a member and former trustee of the George C. Marshall Foundation. Miller is a practicing Presbyterian, and has served as an elder at three different churches.[3][4][5]

Career

Upon graduating from the University of Illinois with a B.S. in chemical engineering, Miller went to work with Shell at the Deer Park refinery outside of Houston, Texas, in the cracking and distillation operations. He moved on to a stint at Shell's head office in New York, and then in the Netherlands at the Hague, in 1973. By 1988, he had become the VP of marketing and refining, and in 1992, he was promoted to the Royal Dutch/Shell Group Management Team, in London, where he oversaw global supply and marketing operations.[6][7][8][9]

Miller became one of the five managing directors of Shell in 1996, where he started the Grassroots Leadership Program. This was an effort designed to improve the company's operations through acquiring feedback from employees at all levels and departments, and helping those employees develop and implement new business strategies to address the problems they saw. His work in employing grassroots leadership was instrumental in turning around several of Shell's troubled and failing operations worldwide, most notably in Malaysia, Austria, and France – where brought profits into the double-digits.[10]

Because of his success with grassroots leadership, Miller became the president, CEO, and chairman of the board of directors for the Royal Dutch/Shell Group in 1999. He succeeded the previous president and C.E.O., Jack Little, and Chairman Mark Moody-Stuart. He held this position until his retirement on September 30, 2002.[11]

Retirement

In his time at Shell, Miller was noted for his dedication to community service, and after retirement, was able to give more of his time to charitable causes. He has done this primarily through SLM Discovery Ventures, Inc., which supports community outreach, higher education, and volunteer efforts through commercial projects.[12]

Miller's other philanthropic efforts include serving as a trustee and chairman of the board for the United Way of Texas Gulf Coast from 2003 to 2005, and chairman of the board of directors of the Points of Light Foundation, one of America's leading volunteer organizations. He has also been on the board of directors of the America's Promise Alliance, which aims to reduce dropout rates, since 2002, served as chairman of the Center for Houston's Future, and a director of the National Urban League.[13][14][15]

Additionally, Miller has remained active in the business community, serving on the boards of Applied Materials, a semiconductor wafer fabrication company in Santa Clara, California (1999–2005), and Reliant Energy in Houston (2003–present); and as chairman of the board of the Greater Houston Partnership (2002), Momentum Bio Ventures, Inc. (2003–2004). In 2003 and 2004, he chaired CEO Diversity Initiative for Diversity Best Practices in Washington, D.C., and is a former member of the Business Roundtable and National Petroleum Council. He has also served on the Texas Governor's Business Council and as a director for the American Petroleum Institute.[16][17][18][19]

In the academic world too, Miller has made his share of contributions. He has been a director, chairman of the board, and trustee of the University of Illinois Foundation, coordinating alumni fundraising efforts for his alma mater, and is a senior member of the board of visitors of the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. He has also been very involved at Rice University, serving on the board of trustees, as well as the board of advisors for their James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy.[20][21][22]

Awards

-   Point of Light Award, Points of Light Foundation, 2002[23]
-   Volunteer Of The Year Award, United Way, 2007[24]
-   Alumni Achievement Award, University of Illinois, 2002[25]
-   Father of the Year, Houston Community Partners, 2002[26]
-   Man of Vision Award, Prevent Blindness, 2002[27]
-   Muriel Folloder Phillips Award for Advocacy of Children and Charitable Causes, ChildBuilders, 2002[28]
-   Diversity CEO Leadership Award, Diversity Best Practices, 2002[29]
-   Executive Communicator of the Year, Houston Business Journal, 2001[30]
-   City Proclamation for United Way Fundraising, Mayor of Houston, 2001[31]
-   The Agenda Award for Grassroots Leadership, Fast Company Magazine, 1998[32]

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title: Steven L. Miller

question: Where was Steven L. Miller born?

answer: Miller was born in Kansas City, Missouri.

question: What happened with Miller in 1996?

answer: In 1996, Miller became one of the five managing directors of Shell.

question: When did Miller retire?

answer: Miller retired on September 30, 2002.

question: How many awards has Miller won?

answer: Miller has won 10 awards.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Steven L. Miller is an American businessman who has been a prominent figure in the American oil industry. He served as the chairman the board of directors, president, and CEO of Shell Oil Company. He retired in 2002.