text:
World Environment Day is celebrated every year on 5 June to raise global awareness and to take positive environmental action to protect nature and our planet.

Overseen by the United Nations Environment Programme, it was established by the United Nations General Assembly in 1972, on the day that the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment began. The theme for 2014 is Raise your voice, not the sea level.

In celebration of World Environment Day, IBTIMES UK looks at the current goals of US, China and the EU to tackle greenhouse gas pollution and global warming.

Climate change can only be tackled at a global level and chief responsibility lies with the biggest polluters: China, U.S. and the EU. In 2012 China accounted for 29% of global carbon dioxide emissions and according to the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, its output is increasing.

US

[A nuclear power station]

Obama\'s plans require power plants to produce 30% less carbon pollution than in 2005 Wikimedia Commons

Barack Obama has announced a new effort to confront the problem of climate change, the first move by any president to regulate carbon pollution from power plants. They are the largest single source of carbon pollution and account for nearly 40% of the emissions that cause climate change.

As reported by the Guardian, Obama's new regulations will require existing power plants to produce 30% less carbon pollution than they were in 2005, by the year 2030.

Emissions have already fallen by 15% over the past nine years, partly because of cleaner natural gas replacing coal.

The US pledged to reduce its total greenhouse gas emissions by 17% by 2020 compared with the level in 2005, which is roughly a reduction of about 4% compared with 1990 levels.

EU

Carbon emissions from European power plants have already fallen by about 25% since 2005, according to the EU Commission. Unlike the US, the EU has no specific target for emissions from its power plants since they are covered by its wider emissions trading system, under which polluters pay per ton of carbon dioxide they release into the atmosphere.

The European Union states it has already reduced its carbon emissions by 19% compared with 1990. It aims to achieve a reduction of about 25% by 2020, and by 40% a decade later.

[China Pollution Asia Environment]

China is the world\'s largest emitter of carbon pollution Reuters

"The EU will substantially over-achieve" its targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions by 2020, Connie Hedegaard, the EU Climate Commissioner, said in a statement at the UN climate change talks in Brussels.

CHINA

China has been reluctant to commit to targets, but an adviser to the Chinese government has suggested that Beijing could cap its soaring emissions in future.

This is a major step for the country, which according to Reuters, is the world's top polluter.

However, He Jiankun, chairman of China's Advisory Committee on Climate Change, said the cap will depend on China accomplishing a reduction in coal consumption from around 2020 or 2025. It will also depend on the nation meeting its target of generating 150 to 200 gigawatts of power through nuclear energy by 2030.

The country is currently promoting the use of nuclear energy, as well as hydro and wind power, in an attempt to curb its emission of coal and oil.

question: What is the main topic of this document?

answer: The main topic is the world's top polluters and what they are doing about their pollution.

question: Why have emissions have fallen 15% over the past nine years at the time of this document?

answer: It is in part due to cleaner natural gas replacing coal.

question: Summarize everything related to the European Union.

answer: Despite carbon emissions from European power plants having fallen by about 25% from 2005 to 2014, the EU does not have a specific target for emissions from its power plants. However, it aims to achieve a reduction of about 25% by 2020, and 40% by 2030.

question: Where is pollution the worst in the world?

answer: China is labeled as the world's top polluter in the document.

question: Why has China been reluctant to commit to targets?

answer: That information can't be found in the document.

question: What is World Environment Day?

answer: It is celebrated every year on 5 June to raise global awareness and to take positive environmental action to protect nature and the planet.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: At the time of the document, IBTIMES UK decided to report on the goals of the world's top polluters (China, the U.S., and the European Union) to tackle greenhouse gas pollution and global warming. The U.S. and the European Union had both made pledges to reduce specific carbon emissions percentages by certain years, but China was still reluctant to commit to targets.


split: train

text:
“My eye itches.”

“Well, then pull it out.”

Nathan struggled to get his fingers around the eyeball, and Jonas came around the back of him and pulled it out with one quick movement that left Nathan dumbfounded and staring blankly at the lake in front of him with one eye.

“That will be 200 dollars, please.” Jonas examined the eye and then flicked it out towards the lake.

A ripple ran across the water and then began to bubble and a mesh of algae flapped onto the beach like a wave and combed the sand until it reached the eyeball and then flapped back into the lake.

Nathan watched and then removed a small bag from inside his jacket. He counted out four gold pieces, while wiping blood from his cheek. “You got a hanky?”

“I have four. They will cost you 25 dollars a piece.”

Nathan shook his head and poured the bag onto the towel he was sitting on and rummaged for the silver.

“You know, we haven’t got long.” Jonas said. He looked around at the lake and the desert on both sides and towards their backs. “They will be here soon, and we’ll be left with death. Death in these bodies.” He ran his hand through his hair and it left a look of disgust on his face. “Already rotting.” His hand had pulled back skin and pus and he wiped it on his leg.

“They – the people who live here, used to believe in genies. These wizards that dwelled in pots or bowels or something would grant wishes and used pottery as bodies. We could do that.”

“We can’t do that. We need a charge. Anything. Something to return us to the Earth. Otherwise…” Jonas made a gesture with his hands that said “poof”. “I don’t want to die up here. 1000 years. 1000 years. No return. We were promised a return. We deserve it. And now all we need is a bolt of lightning.”

“Years back there were machines. We had all the machines in the world. All the return trips in the world.  Why didn’t we take them, Jonas?”

“We forgot. Didn’t remember where we were from.”

“I just thought we were vampires or something. Like genies. Make believe things…why do you want money? We haven’t got much time to live.”

“I don’t know. Habit, I guess.” Jonas poured his bag of gold and silver into Nathan’s lap. “There you go.”

Nathan picked through the gold and held a piece up to the sky and looked at it. “This one’s from 2004. It’s a quarter. Remember them?”

Jonas scanned the desert behind him and said “Yeah”.

“What do they want? I mean, the people that are coming? Why do they want to kill us? We’re already dying.”

“Most likely money. That’s usually why these people want to kill.”

“There’s hardly anything left to buy here.”

“I don’t think that was ever the point. Not the point at all. In fact, the history of this place could be defined by that. These people strived for nothing. A waste. Look around you at what they left.”

“There’s life still left.”

“Yes. That character over there in the lake that ate your eye. Fancy that as a riding companion. Or the creeping things left in the woods to the North. Lava. Lots of lava teaming with the very same Fire Walkers that are hunting us now. And even they want money. No, if there’s anything underground left alive, it’s better than this. This is the afterbirth. We were the kings. But I fear there may be nothing left below either. I used to…feel them.”

“You don’t feel them no more?”

“I don’t. I don’t even feel you. I feel nothing but this body. Even if there was a charge, I think it would just kill us. I’m walking into the lake.”

“Why?”

“Why not? See for yourself.” Jonas pointed out towards the desert where flames were moving in the distance. “That’s your death, otherwise. To be burned alive or drowned? I prefer drowning.”

“I can’t decide.”

“Then I will for you.” Jonas hunched down and picked up Nathan and dragged him down to the lake. “Just like the eyeball, boy.”

title: Just Like the Eyeball

question: Summarize the greatest point of tension in this story.

answer: The greatest point of tension in this story occurs when the characters are asking why people want to come and kill them, and the conclude with the answer that they want to kill them for money. The characters also state that they are already dying, so what is the point for others to come and kill them. Additionally, the characters in the story are stuck where they are and have no vessel to take them anywhere else.

question: Summarize the interactions between Jonas and Nathan.

answer: The interactions between Jonas and Nathan are good. As they are the only two talking and the only two in the same place, they have built a level of communication that can be considered as friendship. They work to discuss how they will die, why people want to kill them, and what way do they wanna die.

question: Will Jonas and Nathan put up a fight when people come to kill them or will they simply accept their fate?


text:
DeDowell lit a cigarette and put it up to his lips. He breathed in deeply, filling his lungs with tar and other black things. DeDowell heard somewhere  that smoking can kill you. That's when he picked up the habit.

This is what it is to have a friend.

DeDowell had one hand on his cigarette and one hand on his gun. The hand holding the gun was raised to his own head, working hard at an itch that he had behind his left ear.

This is what it is to have a dry scalp.

In front of DeDowell there are three men. Tom Brochart, a wealthy banker who has been cheating on his wife for the past three years, eight months, and seventeen days. Phil O'May, a slob by all means of the word, hadn't been in work for over two years. And Harold Kempner. Harold Kempner was a homo nympho. Personally, I have nothing against homos or nymphos, but that is what DeDowell labeled his sin as. Greed, sloth and lust. Three of the seven sins sitting in front of us, stripped down to their boxers, briefs, and pink frilled underwear, respectively. Three sets of warm legs that stunk of ammonia.

This is what it is to piss your pants.

DeDowell was still itching his head with an almost unnecessary level of aggression when Tom spoke.
"What is it you want, huh? Is it money? I have money. More than  you could spend! Let me go home to my family and  I swear, you will have all the mon-"

Tom Brochart went limp. His torso slumped to the front, twisted to the left, then fell flat with his hands still tied behind his back with the industrial strength rope that DeDowell gets from the outdoor supply shop. Harold Kempner starts to sob.

This is what it is to be shot in the head with a .44 revolver.

You would be surprised how fast someone dies when they are shot with a .44.

Harold Kempner keeps crying and Phil O'May looked wide eyed at the now corps of Tom Brochart. His eyes fixed on the exit hole, which due to the fragmentation of the hollow point bullet that was sent rocketing through it faster than the speed of sound, is much bigger than the entrance.

DeDowell takes another puff of his cigarette. "That's it" he says. "We only needed one. Just one shit stain cleaned from the comforter of humanity." He blows the smoke out of his nose. "You two get the fuck out of here." DeDowell tosses the cigarette on the floor and steps on it.

Harold Kempner and Phil O'May don't budge. Not a muscle. "Didn't you hear me? I said get the fuck out of here! Leave! Before I change my mind!" Neither of them move. "Fine" DeDowell says "fine"  he sits down on the floor. "I'll sit right here until one of you gets up and walks away."

After some time, it is Harold Kempner that gets up and starts running. A shame, really. I have nothing against homo nymphos. About nine yards later and Harold has a hole the size of a golf ball in his back and one about the size of a softball in his chest.

This is what it is to be lied to.

DeDowell tosses the gun  in front of Phil and we walk away. The gun is for Phil to do himself in if he wants. But not us. We spared him. Showed him mercy. As we walk, both of us secretly hope that he picks up the gun and shots us. Both of us, dead. That way we don't have to buy more cigarettes on the way home.

This is what it is  to be enlightened.

title: DeDowell

question: How do we know from the beginning that DeDowell wants to die?

answer: He took up smoking when he learned it kills.

question: Why does the narrator say that he and DeDowell want to be shot?

answer: So they can die faster than the cigarettes will kill them.

question: Why do they let the final man live?

answer: They are hoping he will attempt to kill them.

question: What casual move-besides leaving the gun with the man they let live-shows how unafraid of death DeDowell is?

answer: He scratches his itchy scalp with the same hand that holds his gun, which means the weapon is precariously close to his head.

question: What does the narrator think urine smells like?

answer: Ammonia.


text:
Solution to Chickyboo crypto riddle

###1st Clue: Youtube Video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRg18QLi_XY

I was like wtf is this video when i saw the video for the first time, but then reading the comments someone told something about a encrypted text at the end of the video. So i checked and it was true!

This is the encrypted message:

pjhpf oyvpm ytpad idsaa

I tried with many combinations and many ciphers, but i wasn't getting any plaintext, after reading more comments, someone posted the it was QWERTY related.

Oks, QWERTY for those who doesn't know is just the organization of the keys in our keyboard. So checking the possible combinations i found one that worked:

QWERTY (English Keyboard), left key (alphabet chars only)

ohgod itcon trols usall --> oh god it controls us all

###2nd Clue: The QR image.

So... this was posted in the rocketjump twitter: https://twitter.com/rocketjumptweet/status/670349946160214016

[qr]

First we scan the QR Code. The QR code sends us to the following url: http://imgur.com/a/Z41xK

[mask]

Its another image with the following caption:

YOUHAVE EVERYTHINGTHAT YOUNEED

I believe the image is using Gmask, lets try it, im using OS X, there is a Windows program called Gmask, just run it with wine, normal unmasking doesn't work so i supposed there was some password or something.

Download Gmask: http://homepage3.nifty.com/furumizo/gmaskd_e.htm

I tried many combinations 'til i achieved, the trick was using what we got in the 1st clue!:

There were 3 masks, each one with a password: ohgod, itcontrols and usall. It doesn't matter if its uppercase or lowercase. The clue to this combination was YOUHAVE EVERYTHINGTHAT YOUNEED. 3 words

[mask1]

[mask2]

[mask3]

[mask4]

And finally the decrypted one!

[mask5]

Oh my god! there is another ciphered message in the image! It was time to use CrypTool which is very cool to break ciphered messages or just analyse them.

Download CryptTool: https://www.cryptool.org/en/

gigng tilxf igter ndlpk gxxte larpm zefte phoeq pekhx lbhit bkmre wmzws umpxu wrrhi mewdg ayefs hveel njeft ixehr bfiom msnxp

I did many tests after analysing it, i was 80% sure it was a Vigenère cipher. So i started analysing it again, so after that i got the following password:

TASANPE

But it wasn't decrypting the ciphered message.

[crypto1]

So i had to try shifting the keys, til' one combinations worked (there was a little trick, oh my...)

[crypto2]

And we got it!!

[decrypted]

[decryptedyeah]

And this is the clear text:

UP ON THE ZENITH A FULL CYCLE BEYOND THE SHADOWED DAY OF LOVE HIS MESSAGE SHALL BE REVEALED TO US MA HIS AZURE SHELL PROTECT US ALL

3rd and final clue. A new youtube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUo2ZbjURms

Oh my god! All of this was awesome, hehe, cyber monday, shadowed day, LOL

@fwong cool stuff man :)

question: What was the first encrypted message?

answer: The first encrypted message was: pjhpf oyvpm ytpad idsaa.

question: How did the author decrypt the first message?

answer: The author decrypted it by shifting each letter one left on an English keyboard.

question: What happened when you scan the QR code?

answer: When you scan the QR code it sends you to a website with an image that reads: YOUHAVE EVERYTHINGTHAT YOUNEED.

question: What program does the author use to unmask the image?

answer: The author uses Gmask to unmask the image.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The author is talking about several hidden coded messages they had received and how they decoded them. The solutions to the encryption relied on everything from shifting letters on your keyboard to running unmasking programs until the author found the final clue.


text:
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Why was it Eve who ate the apple? Jo Fidgen and company discuss whether Genesis encourages hatred of women today.

Show more

Why was it Eve who was first tempted by the forbidden fruit - often characterised as an apple? And why is the maggot of misogyny still eating away at the core of society?

In this series, Jo Fidgen and a selection of readers take a fresh look at some of our most read books to discover how writers have distilled and influenced the hatred of women over centuries.

From the Bible to Fifty Shades of Grey, via Hamlet, Sons and Lovers, and fairytales, each episode takes as its starting point a text which has informed our culture, and contains misogynistic sentiments. Writers and other people with a personal connection to the texts discuss how these ideas have developed, and speak openly about how their own lives have been affected.

In the first episode, Jo and company read Genesis and consider Eve's role in the Fall of Man.
Why did the Early Fathers of the church put all the blame on her? And can a line be traced from their depiction of Eve all the way to modern-day attitudes to women? They consider the philosophical tradition of linking men with the mind and women with the body; how we condemn women for dressing seductively; and the resistance to women holding positions of authority.

Show less

Last on

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Broadcasts

Related programmes

question: Who is the host of this series?

answer: Jo Fidgen is the host of this series.

question: What books will be discussed in during this series?

answer: The Bible, Fifty Shades of Grey, Hamlet, Sons and Lovers, amongst others will be discussed in this series.

question: What event does Jo posit is the root of modern day misogyny?

answer: Jo posits that modern day attitudes towards women may be traced from Eve eating the apple in Genesis.

question: Who did Early Fathers of the church put the blame on for the Fall of Man?

answer: The Early Fathers blamed Eve for the Fall of Man.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Jo Fidgen and guests have created a series that looks through the history of literature to find the roots of modern day misogyny. They start with Genesis and Eve potentially causing the Fall of Man, and asking questions about the implications that the text has.


text:
Cautiously, he sets his foot down in front of him, staring. He hears muffled footfalls approaching quickly; still he stares. He knows what is to come; what is coming for him. And yet he stares. Silently, calmly. He picks up his other foot and, balancing on the one already placed, sets it down. The footsteps are getting closer. He feels his blood beginning to pump faster, his heart beginning to race. He clenches his fist, telling himself to gain control. His heart slows down, the panic recedes. He begins to speed up his pace, though no one other than him would be able to tell. The footfalls almost come to a halt. ‘Curious, are we?’, he thinks to himself. He pretends not to notice. He turns out of the alley and onto the sidewalk, to what would normally be a busy street, but for some reason was all but deserted. A few stragglers here and there staggered their way to their destination, fumbling around as if they had just learned to walk. He heard the footsteps stop at the entrance to the alley. ‘Against the wall, looking around the corner. So predictable.’ As he walks, he takes a closer look at the stragglers faces; they seemed…wrong. He cleaned off his glasses with his handkerchief  and calmly rested them on the bridge of his nose. He then realized, they have no eyes. Or nostrils, or a mouth. There were the indentations that indicated where they would be, but yet there were none there. His heart skipped a beat. The footsteps drew nearer. Before he could grant panic any passage, he clenched his fist, saying, ‘Get control of yourself, dammit! It’ll be over soon…I hope.’ The footsteps drew nearer. The Faceless Ones, he recalled their name from some distant memory, began to slow their shambling. They became more controlled, and in doing so, noticed him. He continued walking, unaffected. Seemingly so. The footfalls came more quickly, heavily. Their owner was beginning to speed up his pace. The Faceless Ones turned their heads towards him. Their “eyes” fell upon the back of his head, his neck quickly relaying the information to his senses. He stopped moving. He stood there, silently. His hair, short and cropped, combed to the side, was slightly, ever-so-slightly, out of place from the wind. His suit freshly cleaned and pressed. He almost looked like he was modeling for something, just lacking the girl. The footsteps drew nearer, faster. The Faceless Ones were all staring, and began to advance towards him. He was still facing the other direction. The footsteps were right behind him, no more than two meters away, when they stopped. He waited for the Faceless Ones to make their way towards him, when he turned. He turned around, screaming, “LEAVE ME ALONE! I JUST WANT TO BE LEFT A—”

The street was bustling. People had created a circle around him, in shock at his exclamation. Right where the owner of the footsteps would have been, was a child, cowering in fear. He quickly looked around, taking notice of the bright sun, speeding cars, and faces. He straightened his jacket, pushed his hand through his hair, took out his wallet and handed the girl a twenty-dollar bill, and walked off. With a sigh, he turned the corner, away from those prying, misunderstanding eyes.

title: Blind Eyes

question: What was following the protagonist and why did it disappear?

answer: Creatures he claimed were "The Faceless Ones" which according to the passage, seem to be non-existent. It is possible the protagonist is schizophrenic.


text:
By Margie M. Palmer

Coffee shops are a dime a dozen, which is why when Nathan Tobiason decided to open Refill in Hillcrest, he let his passion for cold brew be his guide.

For those of you who have yet to hop on the cold brew train, you should know it’s nothing like its warm-steeped counterpart. Unlike a hot cup of Joe, cold brew is prepared by using room-temperature water. And because this methodology has a marked impact on the flavor, and caffeine extraction rate from, cold brew coffee can take up to 24 hours to prepare.

[Nathan Tobiason2]
Nathan Tobiason jumped at the chance to open his Refill café concept in the acclaimed Mr Robinson building at the corner of Robinson Avenue and Park Boulevard. (Courtesy of Refill)
The result is a beverage that has a higher caffeine content and an oftentimes bold sweetness that isn’t found in your standard cup of coffee.

The San Diego native turned café owner said he’s always been a fan of what he calls “the diner culture.” Tobiason also has an affinity for comfortable coffeehouses that are a great place to share a bite with friends. And when he learned a storefront in the Jonathan Segal-designed Mr Robinson building on the corner of Park Boulevard and Robinson Avenue was in need of a tenant, he decided to make his move.

“I’m friends with the son of the guy who owns [the building where Refill is] and once I heard the spot was available, and saw the location, I just really wanted to pursue it,” Tobaison said.

The timeframe from Refill’s inception to its opening date took months.

[IMG_8848]“It took a really long time. I think the initial plan really started in October and we didn’t open until mid-July,” he said, adding that the design, layout and furniture was both collaborative and extensive. “I went to school for product design and sculpture, and I worked with local artist Phil Audia, who is in Little Italy. We met for months and planned out layout, furniture, tables, the metal bar and all of that.”

The months-long process was not in vain; feedback to date has been more than positive.

“We’ve been open just over a month, we love the neighborhood and we’ve gotten a lot of positive feedback. There aren’t really any coffee or café options [southeast of Refill toward Balboa Park], which has also been really helpful,” Tobiason said. “It’s fun to have people come in and try a couple of the cold brews and to be able to expose people to different flavors. We have four on tap. We have a Ugandan French roast, which is very chocolatey, and we also have an Ethiopian cold brew that is much more fruity.”

The fact that they have four cold brew coffees on tap isn’t the only thing that differentiates Refill from some of the other neighborhood cafes. Another unique aspect of the space is that half of it is inside while the other 50 percent is outside. The indoor/outdoor areas are separated by a big sliding glass wall, Tobaison said.

[Refill-15]
Customers enjoy cold brew coffee and good conversation. (Courtesy of Refill)
“We keep it closed on warmer days so we can have the air conditioning running and open on more reasonable days, which allows us to utilize San Diego’s weather,” he added.

Refill may be in its infancy but the café owner has high hopes for the future. “It is my hope that this cafe becomes a great meeting place for the residents of Hillcrest,” Tobiason said. “The open design, great coffee and light fare make for a great place to gather.”

_—Margie M. Palmer is a San Diego-based freelance writer who has been racking up bylines in a myriad of news publications for the past 10 years. You can reach her at_ _margiep@alumni.pitt.edu__._

question: Summarize what cold brew coffee is.

answer: Cold brew coffee is made with room-temperature water in a process that can take up to 24 hours. It has a higher caffeine content and a bold, sweet flavor compared to regular coffee.

question: What does the text say about Nathan Tobiason?

answer: He is the founder of Refill, a cold brew coffee shop in Hillcrest. He is a native of San Diego and a fan of "diner culture." He went to school for product design and sculpture and worked with a local artist to plan the layout, furniture, tables, and metal bar for the restaurant.


text:
KIM EVANS (born January 1951) is an arts consultant and documentary filmmaker.

Evans spent ten years on _The South Bank Show_ and Channel 4.[1] She was head of music and arts at the BBC and then executive director arts at Arts Council England. She is chair of Clean Break theatre company and a member of the Parole Board for England and Wales. Until July 2014 she was a trustee of the Heritage Lottery Fund. She was made a member of the Order of the British Empire in 2007 for Services to the Arts. She is a trustee of the National Portrait Gallery.[2]

[1] Women rise to the top of the bill in arts jobs. James Morrison, _The Independent_, 14 June 2003. Retrieved 20 December 2016.

[2] Prime Minister reappoints 3 Trustees of the National Portrait Gallery. Gov.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2016.

title: Kim Evans

question: Who is Kim Evans?

answer: an arts consultant and documentary filmmaker

question: When was Kim Evans born?

answer: January 1951

question: What is the South Bank Show?

answer: the article does not answer this question

question: When did Kim Evans become a member of the Order of the British Empire?

answer: 2007

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Kim Evans is an arts consultant and documentary filmmaker.


text:
I WANT AN APPLE

“I want an apple,” the boy said.

The man left the counter, went to the fruit section, grabbed an apple, and handed him the apple, and said to him, “That’ll be 75 cents.”

The boy stared at him, calculating in his mind, then looked at the apple and asked, “What kind of apple is it?”

The man wasn’t sure, he had just taken a random apple from the piles in the fruit section, “McIntosh, I think,” but he wasn’t sure.

“Oh, okay then.”

It seemed that the boy was satisfied with the apple, and handed the man 2 quarters and 5 nickels.

The boy left the grocery store and walked to his bike. He could only ride his bike with both hands, so he stared at his apple, trying to figure out how he would bring it home. He thought for a moment, and decided that it would be rational to bite down on the apple and hold it in his mouth, which would leave his hands free to bike. Thus, he did so. He sat down on his seat, bit down on his apple, and biked away.

But it was only seconds later that he stopped to realize that this was a pretty bad idea. So he sat down on the curb and thought to himself again. After a minute, he had decided on just eating the apple, instead of saving it to eat by the pond at his home. So he took a bite and swallowed, only to look down and see that his apple had little bugs crawling around in it. He winced and made a choking noise after realizing that he had potentially digested these creatures. He chucked his apple against the ground, watching chunks of apple splitting from apple proper. There was no helping the bugs anymore; their world is now falling apart, and they may never experience the glory of living in an apple ever again.

The boy continued to stare, while thinking in his mind, *I do not pity you, you are inferior, I am your worst nightmare, I will kill you, you will all die.* The boy then got up, and picked up the apple again. He saw what he had done; he could still see the remains of his victims. He thought to himself, *Oh god…Oh god what have I done? I’m a monster, no one can see this, and I have to hide the evidence. I must. What to do, what to do?* He got back on the bike, clenching the apple with his bike handle as he rushed to bike home. He had to end what he began. Bugs began crawling on his palms, the back of his palms, all over his hands. They began to go up his arms as he reached his home. His hands were sticky from crushing the apple so hard. The bugs wouldn't leave him. He tried shaking them off but it was no use.

He ran to his pond with the apple, and threw it in the pond as far as he could. It was too late, though, the survivors had run up his arms, and were now under his shirt. He could hear their screams, their calls for their families, their pleas for help. He couldn’t handle it. He was a murderer; he had killed so many of them already. He was flailing his arms, hoping they would just leave him, but that only made it worse. They started to bite him, his arms, legs; his whole body was in flames.

He began to scream. He took his hands and pinched off a bug. He ripped it off and along with it came a miniscule piece of skin. He pinched off a few more, leaving tiny wounds, slowly bleeding. He continued to scream, he couldn’t handle it anymore. He ran to the pond, and jumped.

It was only then until his pain was relieved.

title: I Want An Apple

question: How did he kill the bugs?

answer: The bugs were killed when he threw the apple onto the ground.

question: Where did he get the apple from?

answer: He bought it from a shop.

question: Did he kill the bugs that remained on him?

answer: He just picked them off his skin.

question: How did he get rid of the burning sensation?

answer: He threw himself in the pond.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: A boy bought an apple from a shop and after taking a bite, noticed the apple had bugs. He then threw the apple on the ground, killing some bugs in the process. he started feeling very bad, picked up the apple, and biked near a pond. He threw the apple in the pond and started picking the rest of the bugs off his skin. He ended up jumping in the pond to relieve the burning sensation from the bug bites.


text:
[Sriracha Glazed Ribs]LIVING IN LONDON MAKES BBQ-ING PARTICULARLY HARD. So few people have decent outdoor space, so unless you’re going to use a disposable in the park, you’re going to struggle. The fact that the weather hasn’t exactly been playing ball so far this summer hasn’t really helped that either, but hey. I’ve already posted a seriously good Veggie Pulled ‘Pork’ recipe if you’re interested in something else you can do on your stove top. I’ve been meaning to try my hand at oven BBQ for a while, but never really have the excuse. I’ve wanted to do some form of SRIRACHA PORK RIBS for a long while, but with about 95% of butchers near where I live not even stocking pork it can make things quite tricky too. Even the local supermarket only had some fairly poor pre-packaged ribs.

[Sriracha Glazed Ribs][Sriracha Glazed Ribs]

My love for ribs STEMS BACK TO MY CHILDHOOD. I remember being taken to TGI Fridays for a treat and getting seriously excited about their baby back ribs. In hindsight, they were pretty poor ribs, but as a kid it’s not exactly something you think about, or even realise. The STICKY SAUCE, the way it COVERS YOUR FINGERS and face, LEAVING A SMILE SHAPE on your cheeks, the smokiness of the meat and the way it falls off the bone all left the younger me clamoring for more. I DON’T EAT ANYWHERE NEAR AS MUCH MEAT AS I USED TO, and when I do it tends to be when I eat out. It feels like there are a million places you can get ribs now, from the likes of TGI all the way through to the BBQ demi-gods SMOKESTAK, but it’s not something I’ve really tried to do at home. This is thanks, in part, to never owning a proper BBQ of my own. When I eventually get some outside space I deem suitable enough, I fully intend to get some form of smoking equipment. In fact, I’m already trying to convince my dad that he should get one for their place up on Mull, especially with such incredible access to game and fish.

[Sriracha Glazed Ribs]

The knife used to cut these ribs up was kindly provided by the people across at Steamer Trading Cookshop, a FAMILY OWNED SHOP which first opened in Alfriston, East Sussex in 1985. They’ve managed to since expand to an impressive 41 stores throughout the UK. They kindly sent me one of their (exclusive) stock of Yaxell Knives, the well reputed Japanese knife brand are a favourite of chefs the world over, with the 25.5cm blade being perfect for any professional kitchen.

[Sriracha Glazed Ribs]

You should know by now, that if I can put sriracha in something, I will. Exhibita,b and c (and these are just the ones on the blog) if you want more ideas.

Sriracha Oven Ribs

[]

Prep time

8 hours 30 mins

Total time

10 hours 33 mins

-   1 Full Rack of Ribs (I used baby back simply due to availability. These would work great with St Louis)
-   **For the Rub**
-   ¼ cup brown sugar, packed
-   1tsp smoked paprika
-   ½ tbsp. salt
-   ½tsp. black pepper, crushed
-   ¼tsp. cayenne pepper
-   ¼ tsp. garlic powder
-   ¼tsp. onion salt
-   **For the Sauce**
-   X BBQ sauce, either from a bottle or homemade
-   2tsp sriracha (more if you want a bit of an extra kick)
-   ½tbsp. honey

1.  Pat dry the ribs with a paper towel or similar.
2.  Whisk together all the ingredients for the rub, then cover both sides of the ribs. Make sure it’s well covered and rubbed in, then tightly rap the rack in foil. Leave flat in a fridge overnight (or for 8 hours).
3.  The next day, heat the oven to 165C (145C fan assisted), place the ribs on a baking tray and bake in the center of the oven for 2-2.5 hours (depending on the size of the ribs). At this point, the ribs can be left for up to 24 hours before the next step, so it’s perfect to do ahead of a BBQ if you’re expecting guests.
4.  Remove from the oven, and while they are cooling enough for you to unwrap the foil, whisk together the honey, BBQ sauce and sriracha. Discard the foil and juices before generously slathering the ribs in the prepared glaze, using a brush. If cooking on a BBQ, place each side face down for approx. 6-8 minutes. If cooking under a grill simply stick them underneath a medium heat for 5-6 minutes, until it starts charring but before it goes completely black.
5.  Serve as a rack or separate using a sharp chef’s knife.

*This post was created in partnership with Steamer Cookshop

question: What is difficult to find in London?

answer: BBQ food.

question: Where did the author first encounter bbq pork ribs?

answer: TGI Friday's.

question: How old were they?

answer: A child.

question: Who produced the knife the author uses to cut the ribs?

answer: Steamer Trading Cookshop.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The author bemoans the fact that it is difficult to find bbq food in London, where they reside. They fell in love with them as a child eating dinners at TGI Friday's, a restaurant chain in the United States. This is a recipe for them using sriracha, a red, spicy, and flavorful U.S. sauce/condiment.


text:
Another short story that I just wrote. It is still a **rough draft** ,still also in Notepad please help me get things looking better please. I might want to put these together someday for her. If she ever wanted them. High hopes I know... This sucks guys and gals. I am just writing off my heart and mind so it wont be perfect. I think I might put a sub reddit up for them if people enjoy them enough. Or maybe just for myself.

Here you go:

"The Loneliness of an Open Room"

I sit still and listen sometimes to everything around me. Thoughts shut out, cold feelings all

around me. The room used to be warm, loving, welcoming. Not anymore, things just sit and feel cold.

The love has gone, the anger radiates. It knows the pain I feel and just lives off it. I wish

things could be different, but they can not be. It hurts.

Some mornings I used to make breakfast for two, hash browns, two eggs each, two pieces of toast

each and a nice glass of craneberry juice with half water. She did not like it strong. So I would

get everything ready for us to relax together on the couch producing warmth from the love we

shared. But now I sit in the dark. Just trying to get the room to speak, but it does not speak to

me knowing I am at fault and punishing me for the things I have done. I would just watch her

watching the tv. She would look at me and ask, what? But I never had a response because I would get

lost just looking into the eyes of the love I lost. I still do not know what I was thinking while I

looked into her eyes, our future? Where we might live someday? Maybe it was if our future child

together might look as beatuiful as her? I do not know now. Now I look and I see nothing but dark.

It hurts.

Evenings would come and she would come home from work and I would be like a dog, sitting and

waiting for her arrival. Sometimes we would make dinner together before I had to go to work sharing

the kitchen, me getting in the way because I wanted to try and help. Being told to go get a show

ready to watch. I knew she loved me. I knew I had everything. I would have something on that we

both would like to watch ready as she brought something she put together in for us to eat. I just

wanted her to sit and relax so I would offer to get drinks, napkins, seconds. But she would just

want me to sit with her as well. So I did. I was happy, we were happy. But why am I the way I am...

I still do not know and I need to find out so I can try and get things back. It hurts.

Now I get home from work and I just go to sleep so I do not have to think about breakfast without

her in the open room that use to be filled. Walking right be it not looking into the dark. By the

time I wake it has been eight or nine hours and I have to get something together for lunch. We

never really has lunch together so it does not really hurt to do it myself. Something small and

easy to make, a small sandwich maybe or just crackers and cheese, while I just sit in silence,

looking at the floor. Alone. That will be my meal till midnight at work, just thinking most of the

night on how I need to change. I do not want to eat lunch at work but I know if I do not I will get

tired faster. So I force down the food just thinking of her. Thinking if she is still on her phone

on Facebook just re-reading comments she has already seen. But most of all I think of her safe and

asleep. I wish I could be with her in slumber, but I can not be. It hurts.

The room is every room in the house. It is the loneliness of an open room that makes me not want to

be here anymore. Things need to change and be better so I can feel the warmth of her touch and the

beauty of her eyes.

Edit: co-worker said I need to fix a lot. So pardon my poor grammar.

title: The loneliness of an Open Room (Rough Draft)

question: What is the significance of the title?

answer: Presumably the open room refers to the fact that the person the narrator loves is no longer around, and that is what makes the room lonely.

question: Who is the "she" refered to in the introductory paragraph?

answer: Presumably an ex-lover of the narrator.


text:
The SIOUX CITY FIRE STATION NUMBER 3, also known as the FIREHOUSE BAR, is a historic building located in Sioux City, Iowa, United States. The city's fire department began when a group of volunteers formed the Fire Protection Organization in 1869. It was formally organized in 1876. This building was completed in 1929, and replaced an older structure from around 1884. Station Number 3 served an area that mostly contained commercial buildings on the east side of downtown and a warehouse district along the Floyd River. It served as the fire department headquarters for a short time when Station Number 1 was abandoned. It long served as a training station, and a wooden training tower was located here from at least 1924 and into the 1960s.[1]

The building itself followed the “storefront” model for a fire station where the apparatus was housed on the main floor and living quaraters above. It features basket weave brick panels and concrete ornamentation for the pilaster bases and capstones, banding, and parapet. The building is similar to Station Number 7 that was built in the Leeds neighborhood in 1937. That suggests the same architect, who is unknown, but local lore suggests William L. Steele may be the architect.[2] A design for Fire Station Number 1 from 1922 is attributed to him, although never built, and is similar to the two stations that were built. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008,[3] and now houses a bar.

[1]  with

[2]

[3]

title: Sioux City Fire Station Number 3

question: Who designed the fire station?

answer: The architect is unknown, but local lore suggests it was William L. Steele

question: When was it added to the National Register of Historic Places?

answer: 2008

question: What is the station used for now?

answer: It now houses a bar

question: When was the station built?

answer: 1929

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Sioux City Fire Station Number 3 was a fire station that was built in 1929 and serviced Sioux City, Iowa. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2008, and it now contains a bar.


text:
Doing a good deed is a win-win. It helps others and adds to the deed-doer's happiness.

When you and your children pitch in to make a get-well card for Uncle Gary, you know you're making a difference in the life of someone who needs a lift. But showing kindness to others is also an effective way to get happier yourselves. Researchers call the warm glow we feel after doing something nice a "helper's high." And these good feelings start early. In a Canadian experiment, toddlers who gave their snacks to others were rated as happier than those who ate the treats themselves. In another study, KIDS AGES 9 TO 11 WHO DID THREE KIND THINGS EACH WEEK FOR A MONTH (SUCH AS PICKING UP LITTER OR HELPING A SIBLING WITH HOMEWORK) ENJOYED GREATER FEELINGS OF HAPPINESS AND MORE POPULARITY AT SCHOOL, notes Sonja Lyubomirsky, PhD, author of _The How of Happiness_ and a professor of psychology at the University of California, Riverside.

To get the biggest feel-good bang out of helping others, consider Lyubomirsky's intriguing finding: "My studies revealed that practicing three to five acts of kindness per week may be ideal. If you do them all in one day it's especially powerful." This may be because same-day deeds don't get so lost in daily routine. So go ahead: devote some family time to not-so-random acts of caring. Doesn't that sound like a lot more fun than doing chores anyway?

Make Happy Happen

1.  DECLARE A WEEKLY THREE GOOD DEEDS DAY. Challenge each family member to chalk up a trio of thoughtful acts, then report back at dinnertime. To chart how much kindness your family can spread (good karma in the bank!), get our printable Good Deeds Tracker (see below) to hang on your fridge.
2.  KEEP A KINDNESS FUND. Donate together to a favorite charity. The bonus payoff: feeling happier than if you had treated yourself. (In a 2007 study, when researchers gave subjects $5 cash, those who spent it for the good of others reported just that result.) To make it fun, tag a jar with our printable Kindness Fund label (see below), set it in a central spot, and be sure deposits are greeted with hearty cheers.

Volunteer Together

Boost the feel-good benefit from altruism by donating time as a family. These sites can connect you with organizations and ideas that let the whole gang pitch in:

-   DOINGGOODTOGETHER.ORG: This site shares a slew of creative charitable projects, with step-by-step directions, from baking biscuits for shelter dogs to cleaning up trash in your local park.
-   GENERATIONON.ORG: The organization is all about getting kids excited to help out in their communities, with suggestions by age and interest.
-   VOLUNTEERMATCH.ORG: Type in a zip code to find nearby family-friendly opportunities or long-distance ways to assist, such as sending care packages to U.S. troops.

A Happy Gene?

It's true: some of us are just happier by nature. That's why one family may have a glum Eeyore and a bouncing Tigger sitting at the same dinner table. But while genetics account for about 40 percent of our feelings of well-being, according to Sonja Lyubomirsky, the rest is a combination of our life circumstances and our behavior. That suggests it's often within a family's power to improve the overall household mood. "Happiness is best thought of not as an inborn trait," says Christine Carter, "but as a set of skills that can be taught."

The Wish List ...

We asked kids: What would you wish for to make your family happier?

-   More time to just play together
-   A real Pokémon
-   A dolphin
-   More hugs and kisses
-   Everlasting world peace
-   All the Lego sets
-   A library full of books
-   A sailboat that has a room in it
-   Dogs that pick up their own poop

_From_ FamilyFun_'s Happiness Survey. Nearly 300 members of our Reader Panel responded to that survey, conducted last November. All were parents of children ages 5 to 12. After completing their portion of the survey, the parents then asked one of their kids to answer two other questions._

question: What does the text say about doing a good deed?

answer: The text claims that doing a good deed is a win-win. It helps others and adds to the deed-doer's happiness

question: What does the text say about Uncle Gary?

question: List some examples of a good deed from the text.

answer: Some examples of a good deed listed from the text are: keeping a kindness fund and volunteering together.

question: What does the text say about the happy gene?

answer: Some people are just happier by nature. While genetics account for about 40% of our feelings of well-being, the rest is a combination of our life circumstances and behavior.


text:
For years, I have been begging Republicans to stand up to the mainstream media. The left has dominated the media for as long as I've been alive. Yet Republicans have consistently granted leftists in media the patina of legitimacy: they've appeared on their programs, answered their questions without quibble, and allowed the audience to believe that the questions themselves spring from a place of objectivity rather than a desire to harm Republicans.

The political damage has been near incalculable. In 2012, Clinton and George Stephanopoulos singlehandedly redirected the presidential election narrative by asking Republican frontrunner Mitt Romney about banning contraceptives — a policy that no Republican had advocated at any point during the campaign. A few months later, CNN's in-house Barack Obama serviceperson Candy Crowley won the second presidential debate by wrongly telling Romney that Obama had labeled Benghazi a terrorist attack.

So why haven't Republicans fought back? Because Republicans have had a collective action problem. For each Republican willing to label George Stephanopoulos a political hack, there's a camera-loving John McCain willing to grant Stephanopoulos the premise of neutrality for a bit of airtime. For every Republican willing to ask CNBC moderators about their history of leftist questioning, there's a John Kasich willing to praise the moderators as open-minded and fair.

All this came to an end last week. CNBC, in its gauche attempt to grab ratings, set up a rogue's gallery of leftists, all of whom proceeded to berate, bash, and browbeat the various candidates into looking foolish.

That continued until Senator Ted Cruz, R., Texas, put a stop to it: "This is not a cage match ...how about talking about the substantive issues people care about?" Cruz pointed out, correctly, that none of the questioners would be voting in a Republican primary — the implication being that the moderators have priorities other than asking honest questions. That started the pile-on. Senator Marco Rubio, R., Fla., jumped in and called the media Hillary Clinton's Super PAC. Governor Chris Christie, R., N.J., bashed moderator John Harwood for being rude, even by New Jersey standards.

And then the candidates came together and said they would no longer abide by rules set by a ratings-seeking, leftist media, and the ratings-seeking, donation-machine Republican National Committee. Instead, they would approve moderators in advance, and demand that those asking the questions be held up to a standard of decency.

The media, naturally, went nearly insane over this slight. Like pearl-clutching CNBC moderator Carl Quintanilla, who peckishly refused to let Cruz answer his question on Obamacare after Cruz slapped the media, the members of the media insisted that the real offenders were the intransigent Republicans. Then the Democratic National Committee announced that MSNBC host Rachel Maddow would be moderating a live presidential forum, humiliating that argument.

The Republican willingness to partake in its own political demise has undermined conservatism for years. Now the mask is off. Thanks to CNBC for that.

question: What was Mitt Romney asked about?

answer: He was asked about banning contraceptives.

question: Why does the narrator think, the Republicans have not fought back?

answer: Because they have a collective action problem.

question: What was a solution that the Republicans proposed?

answer: That they would approve moderators in advance.

question: Who was the moderator for the live presidential forum, as announced by the Democratic National Committee?

answer: Rachel Maddow.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The text is about Republicans not standing up for their views in the face of mainstream media and granting leftist legitimacy when actually a lot of times they just wanted to harm Republicans.


text:
[]

Yesterday’s 55-45 loss to Purdue has left the state of Nebraska wondering whether its beloved program is at an all time low. I mean c’mon, it’s Purdue! They are not a good football team to lose to.  While it’s undoubtedly true that the football program has seen better days (as the ESPN announcers were so keen to point out), never fear Husker fans, I have found some positive news! According to one metric, this season _isn’t_ the worst season ever (or even the worst season of the last 20 years).

[Nebraska SRS 95-15]

According to College Football References’ SRS scoring, the 2015 Nebraska team has a rating of 4.34 through 9 games this year. SRS or “Simple Rating System” is a rating that takes into account average point differential and strength of schedule. The rating is scored with a points above/below average, where zero is average. Nebraska’s 2015 rating is good for #56 out of 128 teams in Division 1 college football – right in the middle.

Okay so I’m definitely not saying that’s a good score… but it isn’t the worst score in recent years. The Callahan error (err I mean era) were bookended by historically low ratings of 1.32 and 1.48 – the two worst Nebraska teams of the past twenty years.  That being said, Riley isn’t in the clear just yet. Nebraska still has to face it’s two toughest opponents (Michigan St. and Iowa) and lopsided losses would have dire consequences on Nebraska’s SRS rating. So cheer up Husker fans! The Mike Riley era may be off to a bad start, but he’s no Callahan…. yet.

-   Post date

    []

    November 1, 2015

-   []

    Posted in Sports

question: Who does Nebraska State lose to?

answer: To Purdue 55-45

question: What is the SRS scoring?

answer: Simple Rating System that takes into account average point differential and strength of schedule.

question: What is Nebraska's SRS?

answer: 4.34 through 9 games that year.

question: What is Nebraska's 2015 rating?

answer: #56 out of 128 teams in Division 1 college football.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: In a 2015 sports article, Nebraska State loses to Purdue 55-45. The Nebraska football program has seen better days, though it isn't their worst season yet.


text:
The BININJ are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Arnhem land in the Northern Territory. The sub-groups of Bininj are sometimes referred to by the various language dialects spoken in the region, that is, the group of dialects known as Bininj Gun-Wok; so the people may be named Gunwinggu (after the Kunwinjku dialect), the KUNINJKU, KUNDJEYHMI (GUNDJEIHMI), MANYALLALUK MAYALI, KUNDEDJNJENGHMI and KUNE groups. In addition, there are clan groups such as the MIRRAR (of the Kundjeyhmi group) who are prominent in matters relating to looking after the traditional lands.

Name

The literal meaning of _Bininj_ is human being, Aboriginal vs non-Aboriginal person, and also “man” in opposition to “woman”. “Bininj” is a word in the _Kunwok_ language, often referred to by its dominant dialect _Kunwinjku_.

Country

[Map showing the lands of the Bininj in the Northern Territory.] Their territory extends from Kakadu National Park to the west, the Arafura Sea to the north, the Blyth River to the east, and the Katherine region to the south. The traditional lands of the Bininj were located west of the Goomadeer River, north around the King and Cooper Rivers, south towards the East Alligator River, and extending to Gunbalanya (Oenpelli).

Language

Kunwinjku refers to six closely related languages and dialects, spoken from Kakadu National Park, southwards to Pine Creek and Manyallaluk, across the Arnhem Plateau, and eastwards to the Liverpool River and its tributary the Mann River, and Cadell river districts. The classification, encompassing the mutually intelligible languages, respectively _Kunwinjku, Kuninjku, Kundjeyhmi, Manyallaluk Mayali, Kundedjnjenghmi_, and two varieties of _Kune_, was made by Nicholas Evans. Their word for Europeans is _balanda_, a loan-word from Macassan traders, in whose language it meant “Hollanders”.

In addressing _djang_ spirits (see below) a special language called _kundangwok_, which is specific to each particular clan, must be employed.

Social groupings according to dialect

-   The Gunwinggu or Kunwinjku's original heartland is said to have been in the hilly terrain south of Goulburn Island and their frontier with the Maung running just south of Tor Rock. Their northern extension approached Sandy Creek, while they were also present south-east at the head of Cooper's Creek and part of the King River. In Norman Tindale's scheme, the Gunwinggu were allotted a tribal territory of around in the area south of Jungle Creek and on the headwaters of the East Alligator River. The Gumader swamps near Junction Bay and the creeks east of Oenpelli/_Awunbelenja_ also formed part of their land.
-   The Gundjeyhmi, specifically the Mirrar clan, live around Jabiru between the East and South Alligator rivers. They formed the Gundjeihmi Aboriginal Corporation, to represent the interests of the traditional owners of the land, the Mirrar, as well as other Bininj peoples of Kakadu.

One of the biggest issues in recent times is uranium mining, and the transition of the area once the last mining lease ends and all operations cease in 2021.

-   The Mayali lived further south across the South Alligator River, with the Katherine River on their eastern flank.
-   The Kundedjnjenghmi moved around the Upper Liverpool and Mann rivers to the east of the _Kunwinjku_ and _Gundjeyhmi_.
-   The Kuninjku lived north of the Kundedjnjenghmi and south-west of Maningrida, which serves as their centre for services. Many live in some 15 outstations, such as Kumurrulu at Manggabor Creek above the Liverpool River floodplain.
-   The Kune lived east of the Kuninjku, living around the Cadell River.

History

The Macassans from Sulawesi had been in contact for trade purposes for centuries before the arrival of white civilization. They sailed down to exchange a variety of their goods for trepang, and the impact of their presence is evidenced by the retention in some Bininj Kunwok dialects of a few dozen foreign loan words from the language of these traders. They were depicted by local artists in the Indigenous Australian rock art still conserved in a variety of sites around the Mann River. The first recorded European penetration of these territories was undertaken by Francis Cadell who reached the Kuninjku territory on the Liverpool river. The Liverpool area was surveyed by David Lindsay on behalf of the government in 1884.

Rock art known as the Dynamic Figures, referring to a particular series of works in Mirrar country, was described by art historian George Chaloupka and is often referred to when writing about rock art in Arnhem Land.

Social system

The Kunwinjku social system was analysed in detail in a 1970 monograph by Ronald Berndt and Catherine Berndt.

Mythology

Like the aborigines generally of the Western Arnhem, land, the Bininj tribes believed in the primordial creative function of a Rainbow serpent, which is generally called _Ngalyod_ which has lineaments more suggestive of the feminine than masculine. It came to Australia from the sea northeast of the Cobourg Peninsula When Baldwin Spencer visited the area and was a guest at Cahill's homestead at Oenpelli, he picked up one version which spoke of the same figure as being called _Numereji_ Legend has it coming from the north, full of spirit-children, and settling at a point called Coopers Creek on the East Alligator River, she transformed her children into men, creating waterholes to cater to their thirst, supplying men with spears and woomera, and women with dilly bags and digging sticks, while endowing both with intelligence and their senses. She swallows those who infringe her laws, and drowns children who cry, since she is disturbed by noise.

In Dreaming narratives, when _Ngalyod_ surges from the earth to devour some ancestral species, it does so because a taboo has been violated, and the act sanctifies the site.

-   For the Kuninjku important dreaming sites (_djang_) are the Leech Dreaming at _Yibalaydjyigod_ in the swamps of the Manggabor Creek, the Maggot Dreaming at Yirolk, where a rock, girdled by water lilies, rises out of a waterhole and the Barramundi Dreaming around Marrkolidjban. The former two are likened to the Rainbow serpent, connoting, by battening on flesh, themes of decay and rebirth The souls (_kunmalng_) of the Kuninjku are themselves derived from the water spirits at such sites. The rejuvenating monsoonal downpours are caused by the flight of _Ngalyod_ from its underground sanctuary into the sky, marked by the rainbow. Increase ceremonies like the Kunabibi and yabbadurruwa rites are performed in order to incite the _djang_ to stir the onset of the fertilizing rains.

Notable people

-   John Mawurndjul _Kuninjku_ artist of international fame.
-   Bardayal 'Lofty' Nadjamerrek
-   Bobby Nganjmirra, Kunwinjku artist.

Notes

Citations

Sources

-   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   -   (About the Maliwawa Figures)

-   -   -   -   -

Category:Aboriginal peoples of the Northern Territory

title: Bininj

question: Who are the Bininj people?

answer: They are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Arnhem land in the Northern Territory.

question: What is the literal meaning of Bininj?

answer: The literal meaning of Bininj is 'human being,' Aboriginal vs non-Aboriginal person, and also “man” in opposition to “woman”.

question: Where are the Bininj lands located?

answer: Their territory extends from Kakadu National Park to the west, the Arafura Sea to the north, the Blyth River to the east, and the Katherine region to the south. The traditional lands of the Bininj were located west of the Goomadeer River, north around the King and Cooper Rivers, south towards the East Alligator River, and extending to Gunbalanya (Oenpelli).

question: Describe the Bininj belief system.

answer: They believed in the primordial creative function of a Rainbow serpent, which is generally called  'Ngalyod' which has lineaments more suggestive of the feminine than masculine. The serpent was said to transform her children into men and women, whom she gave weapons as well as their intelligence and senses. The serpent swallows those who violate her laws and drowns crying children because the noise disturbs her.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The Bininj people are an Aboriginal Australian people of Western Arnhem land in the Northern Territory. They are divided into sub-groups (or social groups) depending on their language dialects, namely the Gunwinggu or Kunwinjku, Gundjeyhmi, Mayali, Kundedjnjenghmi, Kuninjku, Kumurrulu, and Kune. While the literal meaning of Bininj is 'human being,' it can also mean Aboriginal vs non-Aboriginal person, and “man” in opposition to “woman”. The Bininj believe that a Rainbow serpent called a 'Ngalyod' created man.


text:
STEFAN WOLPE (25 August 1902 – 4 April 1972) was a German composer. He escaped to Vienna separating from his wife and daughter. He married in Vienna in 1927 and again in 1934. Wolpe went to Palestine and moved in 1938 to the USA where he married for a third time.

Life

Wolpe was born in Berlin. He attended the Klindworth-Scharwenka Conservatory from the age of fourteen, and the Berlin Hochschule für Musik in 1920–21. He studied composition under Franz Schreker and was also a pupil of Ferruccio Busoni. He also studied at the Bauhaus circa 1923,[1] and met some of the dadaists, setting Kurt Schwitters's poem _An Anna Blume_ to music. [Stefan and Ola - Katharina Wolpe's parents in 1927] In 1928, Wolpe's first opera, _Zeus und Elida_, premiered in Berlin. This soon was followed by two more operas in 1929, _Schöne Geschichten_ and _Anna Blume_.[2] In 1927, he married the artist Ola Okuniewska from Czechoslavakia and their daughter, Katharina Wolpe was born in 1931 but the couple had separated. His wife escaped to London in 1938, but his daughter was a de facto orphan in Berne during the war.[3]

The music Wolpe was writing between 1929 and 1933 was dissonant, using Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique. However, possibly influenced by Paul Hindemith's concept of Gebrauchsmusik (music that serves a social function), and as an avid socialist, he wrote a number of pieces for workers' unions and communist theatre groups. For these, he made his style more accessible, incorporating elements of jazz and popular music.

When the Nazis came to power in Germany, Wolpe, a Jew and a communist, fled the country, passing through Romania and Russia en route to Austria in 1933–34, where he met and studied with Anton Webern. He had left Germany with a Romanian pianist and he married Irma Schoenberg in Vienna. He later moved to Palestine in 1934–38, where he wrote simple songs for the kibbutzim. The music he was writing for concert performance, however, remained complex and atonal. Partly because of this, his teaching contract with the Palestine Conservatoire was not renewed for the 1938–39 school year.[4]

In 1938, Wolpe moved to New York City.[5] He briefly met his daughter in London in 1946.[6] There, during the fifties, he associated with the abstract expressionist painters. He was introduced to them by his third wife, the poet Hilda Morley. From 1952 to 1956 he was director of music at Black Mountain College. On January 24, 1956, he was appointed to the faculty at the C.W. Post College of Long Island University in Brookville, New York. He also lectured at the summer schools in Darmstadt in Germany. His pupils included Jack Behrens, Herbert Brün, Morton Feldman, David Tudor, Matthew Greenbaum, John Carisi, M. William Karlins, Gil Evans, George Russell, Robert D. Levin, Boyd McDonald, Ralph Shapey and Netty Simons.

His works from this time sometimes used the twelve-tone technique, were sometimes diatonic, were sometimes based on the Arabic scales (such as _maqam saba_) he had heard in Palestine and sometimes employed some other method of tonal organisation.

Wolpe developed Parkinson's disease in 1964, and died in New York City in 1972.

Music

Elliott Carter has said of Wolpe's music that, “he does everything wrong and it comes out right.”[7]

For a complete list of works, see Wolpe.org Works List.

Chamber works

-   _Blues_, large mixed ensemble
-   _Chamber Piece No. 1_, chamber orchestra
-   _Chamber Piece No. 2_, chamber orchestra
-   _Duo fur Zwei Geigen_, violin duo
-   _From Here On Farther_, mixed quartet
-   _Musik zu Hamlet_, flute, clarinet and violoncello
-   ''Piece For Oboe, Cello, Percussion, and Piano
-   _Piece for Two Instrumental Units_, large mixed ensemble
-   _Piece in Three Parts_ for piano and sixteen instruments
-   Quartet for Trumpet, Tenor Saxophone, Percussion and Piano
-   Seven Pieces for Three Pianos
-   String Quartet
-   _Three Short Canons_, viola and violoncello
-   Three Studies from _Music for Any Instruments_, large mixed ensemble
-   _Trio in Two Parts_, flute, violoncello and piano

Orchestral works

-   Passacaglia for Large Orchestra
-   Symphony No. 1
-   _Zwei Studien fur Grosses Orchester_

Vocal works

-   _An Anna Blume von Kurt Schwitters_ for piano and musical clown, high voice
-   _Cantata_, medium voice and ensemble
-   ''Decret No. 2 'An die Armee der Kunstler' '', high voice
-   _Drei Lieder nach Bertolt Brecht_, medium voice
-   _Drei Lieder nach Heinrich von Kleist_, high voice
-   Four Pieces for Mixed Chorus
-   _Fünf Lieder nach Friedrich Holderlin_, medium or low voice
-   _Fünf Vertonungen aus “Gitanjali” von Rabindranath Tagore_, medium voice
-   _Lieder mit Klavierbegleitung_, various vocal ranges in one collection
-   _Music for the Theater_, medium voice
-   _Psalm 64 and Isaiah Chapter 35_, high voice
-   _Quintet with Voice_, low voice
-   Songs (1955–61), medium voice
-   _Street Music_, low voice and ensemble
-   _Two Chinese Epitaphs_, op. 25, mixed chorus
-   _Yigdal Cantata_, low voice/mixed chorus and ensemble
-   _Zwei Lieder aus Gedichte von Berthold Viertel_, medium voice

Piano works

-   _Battle Piece_ (1942–1943, 1947)
-   _Enactments for Three Pianos_
-   _Form (1959)_
-   _Klaviermusik 1920-1929_
-   _Leichte Klaviermusik aus Aller Welt: Israel_
-   _March and Variations for Two Pianos_
-   _Music for a Dancer_
-   _Music for Any Instruments, Vol. I_
-   _Piano Music 1939 - 1942_
-   _Sechs Klavierstucke (1920-1929), Vol. 1_
-   _Sechs Marche_
-   _Sonate Nr. 1 “Stehende Musik”_
-   _Toccata in Three Parts for Piano_
-   _Waltz for Merle_

Opera

-   _Schoene Geschichten_
-   _Zeus und Elida: A Musical Grotesque_

[1] Hayward, James (liner notes): _Bauhaus Reviewed, 1919–1933_ (Norfolk, UK: LTM [Les Temps Modernes] Recordings, 2007.) LTM-CD 2472. .

[2] “Opera Composers: W” _Opera Glass_.

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7] Schiff, David (1998). _The Music of Elliott Carter_, p.146. .

title: Stefan Wolpe

question: What was the Palestine Conservatoire's problem with Wolpe's atonal style of music writing?

answer: Unknown.


text:
he semiautomatic handgun, he adopted a belief in a kind of _evolving_ Constitution. And for someone who professed to dislike the idea of unaccountable judges thwarting the popular will, he certainly had no qualms about invalidating campaign finance reform legislation passed by the democratically-elected legislature.)

All right, so Justice Scalia was a hypocrite whose impartiality was a sham, that’s not exactly Breaking News. But even if judges _could_ be impartial, in theory, is that something that anyone even wants? Laws are inextricably linked with politics, so even the most neutral application of the law has a political dimension. And when people talk about who they want as a potential Justice it’s clear they base their preferences on who shares their opinion on issues like free speech or abortion. We rarely hear a conservative complain about Scalia’s judicial activism, or a liberal bemoan that RBG wasn’t impartial enough. This is because, deep in our core, we want partiality. Even where we have different conceptions of what “justice” means, we do actually want judges to advance justice rather than merely _law_.

The other problem with impartiality (besides being near impossible and possibly undesirable) is that a lot of seemingly “impartial” legal standards—like the famous “what would a _reasonable person_ do” standard—are inherently subjective, so that it’s hard to say what an “impartial” application would even _mean._ The law is full of attempts to determine what “reasonable” behavior would be in a particular situation. It should shock no one (except lawyers) that people often have wildly divergent views of what “reasonableness” means in any given situation. For courts, the “reasonable person” standard has a disturbing tendency to align with whatever best suits the positions of those in power. Think of all of the police officers whose shootings of unarmed black people have been deemed “reasonable”—and then say you want a judicial system run by “reasonable” or “impartial” judges.

Even where judicial discretion isn’t explicitly authored into the system, there are vast areas of law where a judge has the choice between several equally plausible legal arguments, each leading to different outcomes. This, in effect, empowers the judge to make whatever decision they want. This view of the judicial decision-making process was expounded by Richard Posner, one of the U.S.’s most well-known jurists, in an interview with the _New York Times_ after his sudden retirement in September 2017. In Posner’s estimation, it’s rarely difficult for judges to do as they wish: His own _modus operandi_ was to decide what a “sensible” resolution of the case would be, and then look to see if there was any precedent that explicitly barred him from implementing his preferred solution. “And the answer is that’s actually rarely the case… When you have a Supreme Court case or something similar, they’re often extremely easy to get around.” (In the same interview, Posner characterized his judicial career as “a slumber of 35 years,” during which he failed to realize how much poor people without lawyers are screwed over by the legal system. It’s unclear why it took Posner 35 years to experience this revelation, but at least he got there eventually.) As an example of what this kind of judicial freedom can look like in practice, take a look at the disparate grant rates for asylum cases in different parts of the country. Immigration judges in New York grant 88 percent of asylum cases. Immigration judges in Atlanta grant 2 percent. Both courts are nominally employing the exact same legal standard. The difference is that most judges in New York are looking for reasons to grant cases, and most judges in Atlanta are looking for reasons to deny them. Usually, the judge will find whatever they are looking for.

Given the basic incoherence of the whole concept of “impartiality,” then, is the answer that all judges should be “activists”? Would it at least be better for a judge to be honest about what they’re doing, rather than hide behind a screen of impartiality? If a heartless but “honest” judge is still doing substantively the same thing they were doing back when they pretended to be “impartial,” that might be slightly better, but not by much. (Our current president, after all, is very honest about the terrible things he’s doing, and in a lot of cases, this hasn’t seemed to make his plans any easier to combat.) But this ignores what people see as the main benefit of an “activist” judge. It’s not just that they’re more honest about what they’re doing, it’s that maybe they’ll be able to use the law to “save us”. This is the other problem that arises when you champion open judicial “activism”—you tend to over-emphasize the extent to which judicial rulings actually result in social change.

Take _Brown v. Board of Education_, which the general public often thinks of as a great victory of legal justice against racist tyranny, and a watershed moment for civil rights. (It’s certainly one of the only Supreme Court cases that a lot of non-lawyers could name off the bat.) But it’s a very clean, simplistic view of history that thinks “well, at one point there was segregation, and then there was _Brown v. Board of Education_, and suddenly there wasn’t.” In fact, this isn’t true at all. In post-Civil War America, segregation fluctuated and was fought against over decades of social movements. In Louisiana, for example—a few years before the infamous 1896 _Plessy v. Ferguson_ decision which legally justified segregation—ox-carts were desegregated after a campaign of sustained protest and sit-ins. Social change doesn’t happen in the courts: Courts just eventually catch up to what’s been happening on the ground. If we instead depend on activist judges or lawyers, then social change will never come, and if it does, it will likely not be sustained. Try telling students in Boston’s deeply-segregated public school system that segregation in education doesn’t exist because of some Supreme Court case. They’ll laugh you right out of their crumbling gymnasium.

A very clear example of how legal argumentation _doesn’t_ drive social change comes from the gay rights context. In 1971, in _Baker v. Nelson,_ the highest court in Minnesota ruled that a state law banning gay marriage did not violate the U.S. Constitution. The couple seeking to be married tried to appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court. The Court at the time was one of the most liberal we’ve ever had, just on the tail end of the famed Warren Court. The Court denied review of the case, stating that there was no Constitutional issue to review. Fast forward to 2015, when Supreme Court struck down a gay marriage ban in _Obergefell v. Hodges_. What happened in the intervening forty years to make this possible? The Constitution didn’t change regarding these rights. The legal arguments didn’t change either: If you read the briefs from both parties, the arguments advanced in 1971 and 2015 were pretty interchangeable. And the court in 2015 was _more_ conservative, so the deciding factor wasn’t some new critical mass of “activist” liberal judges. The _only_ thing that explains this landmark shift is that, over the past four decades, both mainstream and radical LGBT rights movements had taken to the streets and created a cultural shift. _Obergefell_ is due much more to the activities of ACT-UP and the post-Stonewall gay rights movement than to Anthony Kennedy suddenly being a pro-gay rights “activist judge.”

Given that this is the reality of the situation, what _should_ be the appropriate role of judges in determining the direction of public policy? How much discretion should they have to delay or override actions by the legislature, or the executive? At the moment, it’s hard not to cheer when a liberal judge from the Ninth Circuit issues an injunction against Trump’s Muslim ban, or pushes back the imminent termination of Dreamers’ DACA status. But this, of course, can go either way: In 2015, a conservative judge from a court in the Fifth Circuit was responsible for hamstringing Obama’s DAPA program—which was supposed to extend relief from deportation to parents of U.S. citizen and permanent resident children—using the exact same judicial maneuver. If you are mostly indifferent to The Separation Of Powers in the abstract and simply favor whatever set of conditions seem to produce better moral outcomes, it’s easy to feel conflicted about judicial power. Perhaps we rather like having a judiciary that, with a colorable legal pretext, can periodically throw a wrench in the governmental works on the theory that it’s worth facing occasional legal obstacles to implementing good policies, so long as we retain the ability to sabotage truly egregious policies when they come along. But even this calculus depends on there being some critical mass of judges whom we believe to be our ideological allies (and/or basically decent moral actors) occupying high positions in the judiciary at any given time. This is far from a certain proposition. As with most checks and balances, the judiciary’s ability to thwart the other branches of government isn’t so much a reliable safeguard against tyranny as a wild-card element that occasionally works out in our favor.

More broadly, the temptation to view judges as potential saviors often seems to sap progressive will for reform efforts through electoral and legislative channels. We currently have a legislature that is chronically unresponsive to genuine public concerns, and an ongoing concentration of de facto governing power in the president and his executive agencies. In this context, it’s understandable that people want to think of the judiciary as the last, best hope of American democracy. But even an optimally moral and courageous judiciary can usually only engage in obstructionist tactics, which a sufficiently determined executive will then maneuver around, unless the public finds some other way to make this politically inexpedient. The danger of reposing too much power in the judiciary, too, is amply illustrated by the Supreme Court’s _Citizens United_ decision, where the Supreme Court declared unconstitutional the exact kinds of reforms that would have made the legislature more beholden to the real interests of the majority of their constituents—and which would thus have reduced the importance of the judicial _deus ex machina_. If we aspire to a form of democracy where there is an actual connection between the organizing efforts of the general public and the subsequent behavior of our elected officials, pushing for reforms to make our elected government more responsive to popular concerns is a better route than relying on distant elites to undo the mistakes of other elites. When you put power in the hands of unaccountable elites, you never know what they will do with it.

So much for judicial impact on public policy writ large: What kind of power should judges have to decide the fate of the ordinary people, most of them poor, who come before them with criminal, domestic, housing, and immigration issues? Lower court judges—as opposed to appellate judges, who are often dealing with weird standards of review—have considerable discretion to reach whatever decision they wish to reach. (And in the sense that law is important in the impacts that it creates on one’s life, district and municipal judges have much more legal power than the higher courts since they decide most of the cases). In some sense, we might think this is a good thing: If a plaintiff or defendant’s situation is complicated, we could want the adjudicator to have the flexibility to weigh whatever factors seem most relevant, rather than being totally bound by one-size-fits-all rules. (Consider, for example, the disaster of mandatory minimums, which were originally touted as a means of curtailing the improper and inconsistent exercise of judicial discretion in sentencing, or consider risk evaluation metrics that turn peoples’ bail determinations into an algorithm in an effort to reduce inconsistency.) But if you have a judge who fundamentally _does not care_ about the person in front of her, or grossly misunderstands the actual circumstances of their life, this broad discretionary leeway will be, at best, useless. At worst, it will empower the judge to make a unusually bad and biased ruling.

[]
Part of the problem, of course, is that judges are separated from poor litigants by class and, often, race. If we want more judges to exercise discretion in an empathetic direction, it seems crucial to diversify the pool of judges, perhaps directly through quotas, or indirectly by reducing social and financial barriers to entry in the legal profession. Also important is changing the dominant ethos of legal education, which overwhelmingly privileges the pet concerns of legal academics and corporate clients over the kinds of issues that affect the vast majority of the people caught up in our courts. But these initiatives by themselves likely wouldn’t be sufficient to cure the defects in our judiciary. Just as diversifying the police force hasn’t been a silver bullet in eliminating police brutality, we can’t simply address _who_ is on the bench and ignore the problem of the _power_ that judges have in and of itself. Since there’s no good way to actually measure judicial “empathy,” you run the risk of simply adding a diversity gloss to a fundamentally unjust system.

This problem does not have a simple solution, but there are perhaps three clarifying ways we can think about the Problem of Judges. One, we should break any habit of looking to the law as a primary source of social change. Sure, we want to eliminate bad laws and enact good ones. But changing the law is usually the middle- or end-point, rather than the starting-point, of on-the-ground changes in human social behavior. Most of the real work will happen not in the courtroom, but in the streets: Social justice-minded lawyers play, at best, a bit part or supporting role, formulating legal avenues for the changes already underway to become more solidified in formal practice.

Secondly, when we _do_ seek to enact legal change, one of our concerns should be to craft legal standards with an optimum humane baseline, so that the role for judicial discretion, so far as possible, is forced in the direction of mercy. Attempting to make perfect legal rules for all cases is a futile exercise, but we can at least shut off some possibilities for bad exercises of discretion. (Sometimes, the best way to do this is to get rid of the stupid law that would have thrust a person into the back of a police car, and then in front of a judge, in the first place.)

Thirdly, it’s naïve to expect judges to be unusually moral people. That said, basic morality remains _the only proper standard_ by which to assess whether someone is a “good” judge or not. A good judge is someone who uses whatever discretion and whatever legal tools are at their disposal to reduce human suffering. They actively seek to understand the human impact of the cases in front of them. They are humble enough to admit what they _don’t_ understand, and to solicit whatever information or advice they think will help improve their understanding, so that they can make a decision that they believe will be really helpful to people. They care about what happens to the parties in the case. Sure, inasmuch as we disagree about what “goodness” is, this standard for assessing judges is squishy. But we’d rather have _that_ argument any day of the week than 99 percent of the arguments lawyers are forced to make in court.

The solution may not be clear, but what is apparent is that judges are more concerned with law than justice and that they have far too much power to ruin peoples’ lives. Ideally, no one would actually be able to authorize your ouster from your home or the prolonged caging of human beings—so to the extent that we can limit that, we ought to. Beyond that we must strive to make the system and the people within it more just and reduce our dependence on that system for justice and morality in the first place.

_Be sure to take our accompanying quiz, “You Be The Judge.”_

question: What's the narrator's perspective on "activist" judges?

answer: That they only reaffirm trends already going on in society, and that we shouldn't depend on them to affect change.


text:
The FIDE WORLD CUP 2000 was a 24-player Category XVI chess tournament played between 1 September and 13 September 2000 in Shenyang, China. The tournament was organized by FIDE, hosted by the Chinese Chess Association, and billed as the FIRST CHESS WORLD CUP. Viswanathan Anand defeated Evgeny Bareev in the final to win the inaugural title and a $50,000 cash prize.[1]

Format

The 24 players were split into four groups of six players each, with every player playing each other player in his group once. The top two finishers in each group were sent forward to the knockout stages, with ties being resolved by playoffs. From the quarterfinals onward, each knockout match consisted of two games, with ties being broken by a set of speed games.[2]

Participants

All players are Grandmasters unless indicated otherwise.

1.  , 2762

2.  , 2756

3.  , 2719

4.  , 2702

5.  , 2689

6.  , 2681

7.  , 2677

8.  , 2676

9.  , 2673

10. , 2670

11. , 2668

12. , 2667

13. , 2667

14. , 2666

15. , 2657

16. , 2646

17. , 2643

18. , 2636

19. , 2633

20. , 2630

21. , 2620

22. , 2591

23. , 2350, IM

24. , 2342, no title

Ratings are as per the July 2000 FIDE ratings list[3].

Calendar

  Round           Dates
  --------------- -----------------
  Group Stage     1-5 September
  Quarterfinals   7-8 September
  Semifinals      9-10 September
  Final           12-13 September

Group stage

Nine out of the top 10 seeds finished the group stages with a plus or equal score – the lone exception, Alexander Morozevich, crashed out of the tournament with a single point in 5 games. The reigning FIDE World Champion Alexander Khalifman also suffered a disappointing showing, with losses to Anand and Gelfand. The dark horse of the tournament was 19th-seeded Gilberto Milos, a chess grandmaster from Brazil and five-time South American chess champion. Milos' upset win over Morozevich would propel him to the top of Group A, and eventually, into the semifinals of the World Cup. The top seed in each of the other groups advanced to the quarterfinals.[4]

+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| GROUP A     | PTS.                              | GROUP B     | PTS.                              | GROUP C     | PTS.                              | GROUP D     | PTS.                              |
+=============+===================================+=============+===================================+=============+===================================+=============+===================================+
| GILBERTO    | 3½                                | YE          | 3½                                | EVGENY      | 3½                                | VISWANATHAN | 3½                                |
| MILOS       |                                   | JIANGCHUAN  |                                   | BAREEV      |                                   | ANAND       |                                   |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| ZURAB       | 3                                 | VASSILY     | 3                                 | SERGEI      | 3                                 | BORIS       | 3                                 |
| AZMAIPARASH |                                   | IVANCHUK    |                                   | MOVSESIAN   |                                   | GELFAND     |                                   |
| VILI        |                                   |             |                                   |             |                                   |             |                                   |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| Boris Gulko | 2½                                | Nigel Short | 3                                 | Peter       | 3                                 | Vladislav   | 3                                 |
|             |                                   |             |                                   | Svidler     |                                   | Tkachiev    |                                   |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| Alexey      | 2½                                | Mikhail     | 2                                 | Zhang Zhong | 2½                                | Pavel       | 2½                                |
| Dreev       |                                   | Gurevich    |                                   |             |                                   | Tregubov    |                                   |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| Aleksej     | 2½                                | Xu Jun      | 2                                 | Alexei      | 2                                 | Alexander   | 2                                 |
| Aleksandrov |                                   |             |                                   | Fedorov     |                                   | Khalifman   |                                   |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+
| Alexander   | 1                                 | Ruslan      | 1½                                | Aimen       | 1                                 | Mohamed     | 1                                 |
| Morozevich  |                                   | Ponomariov  |                                   | Rizouk      |                                   | Tissir      |                                   |
+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+-------------+-----------------------------------+

Playoffs

Anand, the tournament's hitherto-untroubled No. 1 seed, breezed through the quarterfinal round against his longtime rival Vassily Ivanchuk. But Boris Gelfand gave Anand a challenge in the semi-final, and the match was not settled until a sudden-death blitz game. In the other half of the bracket, Bareev dropped the first game but managed to win his quarterfinal match against Azmaiparashvili before facing a relentless Gilberto Milos in the semifinals. Bareev eventually edged past the Brazilian, drawing both classical games before winning the first rapid playoff thanks to a distressing blunder (79. Nd5??) from Milos that cost him his queen and the match.[5][6]

Final

The first game of the World Cup final between Viswanathan Anand and Evgeny Bareev played out to a draw after 33 moves. In the second game, Anand – playing the white side of the French defence – sacrificed the exchange for two pawns to gain a slight advantage. But Bareev's fate was not sealed until 36... Re8?? - a shocking blunder that gave Anand a completely winning position.[7]

  Name   Rating   1   2   Total |- align=center style=“background:#ccffcc;”      2762   ½   1   1½
  ------ -------- --- --- --------------------------------------------------- -- ------ --- --- ----
         2702     ½   0   ½

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

title: Chess World Cup 2000

question: Where was the tournament held?

answer: Shenyang, China

question: Who organized the tournament?

answer: FIDE

question: Who won the tournament?

answer: Viswanathan Anand

question: What was the prize?

answer: $50,000

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The FIDE World Cup 2000 was a 24-player Category XVI chess tournament played in September 2000 in Shenyang, China. Viswanathan Anand won the inaugural title and a $50,000 cash prize.


text:
OTTAWA — Extremists are increasingly carrying out simple but deadly attacks using knives and vehicles, Public Safety Canada warns in its latest assessment of the terrorist threat.

Such unsophisticated but "high-impact" assaults took place recently in Edmonton, where five people were injured, and in New York, killing eight people and injuring several more, the annual report released Thursday notes.

"These kinds of potential weapons are easy to obtain and it is therefore difficult to prevent their use in attacks."

In addition, it notes that Daesh and al-Qaida propaganda has provided guidance to supporters on the use of small arms, vehicles and bladed weapons, offering suggestions on how to inflict the most harm.

"Such encouragement to use simple weapons empowers those who would otherwise be incapable of conducting a more complex terrorist attack."

  These kinds of potential weapons are easy to obtain and it is therefore difficult to prevent their use in attacks.

Public Safety Minister Ralph Goodale says in a preface to the report that recent events around the world serve as a reminder that any type of radical ideology, including right-wing extremism, can fuel terrorism.

Canadians have become all too familiar with the tragic consequences of extremism, from the shooting at a mosque in Quebec City that took six lives and injured many more, to the attack in Burkina Faso in which six Canadians were killed, Goodale says.

The principal terrorist threat to Canada continues to stem from extremists inspired by violent Islamist ideology and by terrorist groups such as Daesh and al-Qaida to carry out an attack in Canada, the report says.

Some individuals in Canada who are attracted to such ideologies participate in online forums, the circulation of extremist propaganda, terrorist financing and travelling to join terrorist groups abroad.

Just over 190 extremists with a nexus to Canada are overseas and suspected of engaging in terrorist activity, the report says. In addition, the government is aware of about 60 who have returned to Canada.

  MORE FROM HUFFPOST CANADA:

  -   What Makes An Attacker A Terrorist In Canada?
  -   Ralph Goodale: "Tories Didn't Do Enough To Prevent Terrorism. Now Canada Is Catching Up"
  -   Meet The Men Who 'Triage' White Supremacists And Neo-Nazis

These numbers have remained relatively stable over the last two years, as it has become more difficult for extremists to successfully leave or return to Canada, the government says.

Slightly more than half of the Canadian-linked extremists abroad are in Turkey, Syria or Iraq. Only "a relatively small number of returnees" are from that region but the majority of those who have returned from one of the three countries are suspected to have taken part in combat, the report adds.

The report says right-wing extremism is driven by "hatred and fear and comprises a complex range of individuals, groups and online communities" espousing a number of issues and perceived grievances.

"In Canada, individuals who hold extreme right-wing views are predominantly active online, leveraging chat forums and online networks," the report says. "Rather than openly promoting outright violence, those holding extreme right-wing views often attempt to create an online culture of fear, hatred and mistrust by exploiting real or imagined concerns when addressing an online audience."

The report also says that terrorists intend to develop cyberattack capabilities, but to date have shown little ability to launch damaging operations. Actually possessing such abilities would allow them to successfully disrupt essential services and critical infrastructure such as the electrical grid, water and food supplies, and transportation.

The government says it is addressing the terrorist threat through security, intelligence and law-enforcement work, international co-operation, counter-radicalization efforts and the introduction of new security legislation that flowed from Liberal campaign commitments and national consultations.

_ALSO ON HUFFPOST:_

question: What types of threats to radical terrorists pose nowadays?

answer: Using unsophisticated, but "high-impact" assaults, digital attacks.

question: What characterizes unsophisticated, "high-impact" assaults?

answer: Potential weapons that are easy to obtain and therefore difficult to prevent their use in attacks.

question: How are Canadians responding to terrorist attacks?

answer: They are becoming all too familiar with the tragic consequences of extremism.

question: From what/whom do the terrorist threats against Canada stem?

answer: Primarily from terrorist groups such as Daesh and al-Qaida.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: Extremists are increasingly carrying out simple, but deadly attacks using knives and vehicles. These unsophisticated, but "high-impact" assaults have taken place in Edmonton injuring five people, and also in New York killing eight. Such simple weapons are easy to obtain and therefore difficult to prevent their use in attacks. Canadians have become accustomed to the threat of terrorist attacks after attacks in Quebec City and in Burkina Faso. Terrorists are also beginning to turn their attention to the digital landscape with cyberattack capabilities growing.