text:
The TORREY LAKE CLUB or TORREY LAKE RANCH, also known as the BOARDMAN RANCH or MURDOCK RANCH was built as a resort in the 1920s about southeast of Dubois, Wyoming. at an elevation of about .The club is on about , centered on a complex of nine cabins, a bunkhouse for ranch hands and staff, and supporting structures. The log cabins were built by club members from local materials.[1]

The club was established by Oklahoma businessman John R. Boardman, who came to the area in 1901 with family and friends. In 1915 Boardman bought property on Torrey Lake and homesteaded it in 1921. That year he and two partners formed the Torrey Lake Club as a resort for friends. In 1926 the club became the Torrey Lake Ranch, a working ranch on owned by Boardman and partner Charles Brown Voorhis. In 1938 during the Great Depression Boardman and Voorhis divided the property between them. The area containing club structures was on Voorhis's portion of the ranch. The Voorhis property was sold in 1944, while the Boardman section remains in the Boardman family. The property remains a working cattle ranch.[2]

The club area was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 12, 1991.[3]

[1]  with

[2]

[3]

title: Torrey Lake Historic District

question: Who established the club?

answer: John R. Boardman, an Oklahoma businessman

question: Where is the club?

answer: Somewhere southeast of Dubois, Wyoming

question: Who was Boardman's partner?

answer: Charles Brown Voorhis

question: When did Voorhis sell his portion of the land?

answer: 1944

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The Torrey Lake Club, which goes by several other names, was built as a resort in the 1920s southeast of Dubois, Wyoming. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in August 1991.


split: train

text:
The Prisoner sat in the chair, the cold eyes of the Captor showed no emotion, no fear, nothing. The barrel of the Colt 45 M1911 looked hollow and millions of miles long from his perspective.

The Prisoner had long since given up on struggling against The Prisoner’s bonds. They were tightly wrapped and knotted; he knew there was no escape. The two were to be locked in an endless staring contest until the trigger was pulled; Captor and Prisoner, facing off until one of them died. With time, the Captor finally spoke.
“Had there been any other way, I assure you it would not have ended this way. But we are both professionals, I’m sure, deep down, you understand.” The Captor’s words were issued from his mouth with the smoke from a long drag on a cigarette. “Are you not afraid of the fate you are facing?”

Our Prisoner continued staring at the Captor, as if to pierce the Captor’s soul with eyes and his words.
“No, I do not fear death. Death is nothing. Can’t you see it? We are already dead. We are being born. We are caressing our loved ones; we are in school. We are learning. We are young and innocent. We are here. We are where we will be in 20 years. We are everywhere we have ever been and ever will be right now. In this very instance, our whole lives are. They aren’t continuing they aren’t ending; they simply are.

Such is the dichotomy of time. The very fabrication we have believed because we can’t perceive. But I have seen it. I understand it. Time is not a progression. Time simply is. Everything that has been done IS BEING DONE. Everything that will be done IS BEING DONE. Right now, everything is happening. Right now, Romulus is being born, and Rome is falling. Right now, the universe is coming into being, and it is collapsing.
I am not afraid of this bullet; I do not fear this pain.  I have already experienced it; I just haven’t perceived yet.”

The Captor nodded. Turned eyes away from those of The Prisoner, and pulled one last draw off of the cigarette. The cigarette fell to the floor, to be crushed by The Captor’s boot.

“Then this will not surprise you.” The Captor pushed a button on the side of the gun. The magazine fell. One bullet rested in the chamber; The Prisoner knew this. The Captor handed the gun to the Prisoner and released the Prisoner’s bonds. “I have ‘perceived’ enough of this life. I hope all that you have left to ‘perceive’ is pleasant.” The Prisoner stood, gun in hand. At this the Captor knelt before the Prisoner, and with one last locking of eyes, the Prisoner pulled the trigger.

edit: formatting.

title: The dichotomy of time.

question: Describe the situation in the story, in simple terms.

answer: The Prisoner and The Captor are in a stand-off. Te Captor has a gun trained on te Prisoner and they philosophise on the meaninglessness of time.

question: What conclusion does The Captor come to?

answer: That he has perceived enough of the world already and that he will allow The Prisoner to kill him.

question: Who does The Captor let The Prisoner kill him?

answer: To do the unexpected.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: A Captor and a Prisoner are locked in a staring contest, waiting to see which of them dies first. They philosophise on the meaning of time and the Captor concludes that he will allow The Prisoner to kill him.


text:
_SEIDLITZIA ROSMARINUS_ is a perennial-green desert species of saltwort in the Amaranthaceae family.[1] It is endemic to the lower Jordan Valley along the Dead Sea, in Israel and Jordan, and in the Syrian desert,[2] central Iraq (near Najaf) and in the coastal regions of Saudi Arabia, the Bahrain Islands, Qatar, and Iran, commonly known in Arabic by the names _ušnān_ () and _šenān_.[3] It is often used by Bedouins for cleaning as a soap substitute.[4] In medieval Arabic literature, it is also known by the names of green ushnan and launderers' potash,[5] having been used since time immemorial to produce an alkali soap and as an electuary in compounding theriac for use in treating scorpion stings,[6] as well as for extracting potassium for other medicinal uses.[7]

Habitat

The plant grows mainly in salt flats (Arabic: _sabkha_) in hard soil surfaces, and can also be found growing along riverine gulches (Arabic: _wadi_) and in drainage runnels that have alkaline and saline soils, subsequently accumulating in its leaves a high quantity of sodium and chloride (chlorine ions).[8] It thrives in silty soil which is very slippery and muddy when wet, but becomes baked hard with a flaking surface which breaks up into a fine dust when dry, and can especially be seen growing on hummocks in such terrain.[9]

Description

_S. rosmarinus_, like its relative _S. ongifolia_, has opposite fleshy leaves and winged outgrowths arising above the middle of the notch-like perianth parts. However, unlike its relative, this _Seidlitzia_ has leaf bases almost completely joined at the nodes without any longitudinal channel running down the internode. It also contains a dense tuft of white hairs in the axil of each leaf. The perianth parts and wings of _Seidlitzia_ are unequally developed in each flower. The wings of the plant overlap, while the upper part of the perianth is broad at its base.[10] The plant is classified as a xerophyte, having adapted itself to places with little water. It blossoms in late March, April, and early May.

Uses in ancient medicine

The species has been used in antiquity for the production of potash, hence its Arabic name, _ušnān_. The 10th-century Arab physician, al-Tamimi, described the plant in his day as being imported into Palestine, Egypt, and other countries from the riverine gulches around the vicinity of Amman, in Transjordan, and used in the production of an alkali soap (Arabic: غاسول = _ġāsūl_) and of cleaning agents.[11] According to al-Tamimi, the plants were gathered in their fresh, green state in large bundles, transferred to furnaces made with plastered floors and stone spouts, where they were cast inside, beneath which were laid large timbers that were set aflame, causing the melting alkali substance to drip down by the spouts into a threshing floor directly below. The liquid would be collected and eventually become hardened when it cooled, the finished product resembling a hard, black-colored stone.[12] The stone-like mineral could be broken up into smaller fragments and used as a laundry detergent.

[_S. rosmarinus_ growing on small sand mounds in Qatar] Some of the salt bushes produced a type of potassium alum (Arabic: _shab_) that was brownish in color, having a strong alkalinity and burning effect when tasted. Al-Tamimi adds that one of the chemical elements had by burning Seidlitzia's succulent green leaves is _al-qalī_, which, besides being a natural cleansing agent, its “plant ashes” (potash) could be converted into potassium[13] by placing the ashes into a pot, adding water thereto, and heating it until one is left with an evaporated solution. When this solution was mixed with coarsely ground yellow-orpiment () and with oil extracted from unripe olives, heated in a ceramic skillet placed over a fire, and turned constantly with an iron spoon until it congeals (having the fire actually touch it until it turns reddish in color), it too, according to al-Tamimi, is said to have certain medicinal properties, said to prevent tooth decay, as well as in assuaging blood loss from the gums.[14]

It is also said to be useful in removing halitosis.[15] When the substance congeals, stirring ceases, and the substance is then allowed to burn completely while remaining in the ceramic skillet. It is then taken up while still hot and is pounded by mortar and pestle, until one is left with a fine powder. It is then sifted in a sieve and stored until ready for use.[16] A quantity of one _dirham_-weight (about 3.31 g during Ottoman times) was traditionally applied with one's finger to the affected part of the gums in the mouth, and allowed to remain there for one hour. Its application, however, is said to have been quite unpleasant because of its severe burning effect and strong alkalinity. After which, the mouth was rinsed with cold water, followed by gargling with Persian rose oil to aid in the mouth's cooling.[17][18]

References to plant in Jewish literature

In ancient Jewish literature (Bible,[19] Mishnah,[20] Tosefta[21] and Talmud[22]) there are two generic terms used to describe alkaline plants used as a _lixivium_ in washing hands and in laundering clothes, the one being called _borith_ (), the other, _ahal_ (). Modern scholars are disputed as to the precise identity of these plants, but nearly all concur that they were alkaline substances found in certain local plants, and which could have included the genera of _Salsola, Seidlitzia, Anabasis, Suaeda, Hammada, Mesembryanthemum_ and _Salicornia_, among others.[23]

[1]

[2] The plant grows in the Saharo-Arabian geographical region of Syria, and is known locally by the name _al-ʿaniẓwān_ (Arabic: العنظوان).

[3] In regions of Syria, the word _ušnān_ is also used for species of _Anabasis_ and for _Arthrocnemum macrostachyum_.

[4] Aref Abu-Rabi'a, _A Bedouin Century: Education and Development Among the Negev Tribes in the Twentieth Century_, New-York 2001, p. 47

[5] Zohar Amar, _Flora of the Bible_, Jerusalem 2012, s.v. ברית, p. 216 (note 34) .

[6] Suessman Muntner (ed.), Maimonides' _Treatise on Poisons and their Antidotes_ (Based on Paris 1211 Manuscript), Philadelphia 1966, p. 30 (section 5).

[7] Amar, Zohar & Serri, Yaron, _The Land of Israel and Syria as Described by Al-Tamimi (Jerusalem Physician of the 10th Century)_, Bar-Ilan University: Ramat-Gan, 2004, pp. 61–66; 111–113 (Hebrew)

[8] Al-Ani, Habib, Abduaziz and Ouda, _Plant Indicators in Iraq: II. Mineral Composition of Native Plants in Relation to Soils and Selective Absorption_, Plant and Soil, Vol. 35, No. 1 (August 1971), pp. 30–33.

[9] See pp. 792–793 in:

[10] Burtt and Lewis, “On the Flora of Kuweit: III”, Kew Bulletin, vol. 9, no. 3, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 1954, pp. 386–387.

[11]

[12]

[13] Many of the saltworts, such as Salsola spp., including Seidlitzia, are known to contain high amounts of potassium chloride (KCL), potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) and potassium hydroxide (KOH), and which combined minerals were given the general name of alkali (_qelw_) among the Arabs (Zohar Amar and Yaron Serri, _The Land of Israel and Syria as Described by al-Tamimi – Jerusalem Physician of the 10th Century_, Ramat-Gan 2004, p. 63 [Hebrew]).

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18] Al-Tamimi's description of this plant and its usages is preserved in an Arabic manuscript written by Anṣāri in 1270, called _Dhikr al-tiryaq al-faruq_ (Memoir on Antidotes for Poisons), Maryland MS. A-64, pp. 60a–60b. The manuscript is now kept at the U.S. National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. See: S.J. Greenberg, _A Shelflist of Islamic Medical Manuscripts at the National Library of Medicine_, Maryland 1996, p. 14 (item # 16). A Hebrew translation of the Arabic has been rendered in Zohar Amar's book, _The Land of Israel and Syria as Described by Al-Tamimi_, Ramat-Gan 2004, pp. 111–113.

[19] Jeremiah 2:22; Malachi 3:2-3; Isaiah 1:25; Job 22:30; II Samuel 22:21; Psalm 18:21.

[20] _Shabbat_ 9:5; _Niddah_ 9:6. In these references, Maimonides explains the word _borith_ as being _ghasoul_, a generic term used in Arabic for a cleansing agent, and explains _ḳimmonia_ as being “an alkaline salt.” Moses Margolies, a Talmudic exegete, explains the word _ḳimmonia_ in Jerusalem Talmud, _Shabbat_ 9:5, as having the meaning of “an herb whose ashes are used in cleansing the filth from one's hands, and which is called _ḳalia_ in the Gemara, being in the Arabic tongue _al-qaliyya_.” Nathan ben Abraham identifies _borit_ in Mishnah _Niddah_ 9:6 with _ušnān_ (Arabic: أشنان), meaning, _Seidlitzia rosmarinus_.

[21] _Shevi'it_ 5:6; _Niddah_ 8:10, where the latter says: “_Borith_ is _ḳimilliya_ (alkali).”

[22] BT _Shabbat_ 90a; _Niddah_ 61b–62a; JT _Shabbat_ 9:5 [60b], where the latter says: “_ḳimmon_ is _ḳalia_ (an alkaline substance).”

[23] Zohar Amar, _Flora of the Bible_, Jerusalem 2012, s.v. ברית, p. 216 (in Hebrew); Zohar Amar, Flora and Fauna in Maimonides's Teachings, Kefar Darom 2015, p. 53 (in Hebrew).

title: Seidlitzia rosmarinus

question: What is the name for salt flats in Arabic?

answer: Sabkha (سبخة).

question: What are the names of Seidlitzia Rosmarinus in Arabic?

answer: Ušnān (أشنان) and šenān (شنان).

question: What do bedouins use the plant Seidlitzia Rosmarinus for?

answer: A soap substitute.

question: Where ithe plant Seidlitzia Rosmarinus found?

answer: The lower Jordan Valley along the Dead Sea, in Israel and Jordan, in the Syrian Desert, central Iraq near Najaf, and in the coastal regions of Saudi Arabia, the Bahrain Islands, Qatar and Iran.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: This article is about a saltwort plant called Seidlitzia Rosmarinus found in the Middle East. It discusses the history and uses of this plant.


text:
PEEP HILL is a rural locality in the Mid North region of South Australia, situated in the Regional Council of Goyder.[1] It was established in August 2000, when boundaries were formalised for the “long established local name”.[2] It is reported to be named for “a round hill in the last range towards the east”.[3]

The Peep Hill School opened in 1883, and was originally known as the Deep Creek School. The school closed on 22 July 1939 and was put up for sale in 1948. The building was demolished in 1950, and reported to be “just a heap of rubble” in 1986.[4][5]

A Lutheran congregation at Peep Hill was established in 1888, although services had been held there since 1880. The congregation worshipped in the public school until St Michael's Lutheran Church was dedicated in September 1890. The church was renovated in 1936, and it changed association from the Point Pass Parish to the Eudunda Parish in 1966.[6] The church continues in operation, with combined worship with the church at Neales Flat.[7] It is now part of the “Eudunda Robertstown Lutheran Parish”, which includes Lutheran churches at Robertstown, Point Pass, Geranium Plains, Eudunda, Neales Flat and Peep Hill.[8]

Peep Hill Post Office opened on 1 July 1883 and closed on 1 November 1930.[9]

It formerly had a railway siding on the Morgan line, the Deep Creek station.[10]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

title: Peep Hill, South Australia

question: Where is Peep Hill?

answer: South Australia, the mid north region in the Regional Council of Goyder.

question: What was the former railway siding?

answer: The Deep Creek station on the Morgan line.

question: Summarize everything relating to the Peep Hill School.

answer: Originally called the Deep Creek School, the public school was opened in 1883 and closed on July 22nd 1939. The Lutheran congregation worshipped there until a church was established in September of 1890. In 1948, the building was put up for sale, and in 1950 it was demolished, going on to be described as rubble in 1986.

question: When did the Peep Hill Post Office open?

answer: July 1st 1883.

question: When was Peep Hill established?

answer: The rural area was given the name Peep Hill and formal borders in August, 2000.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Peep Hill is a rural area in South Australia that previously had a public school, post office, and railway station. It currently has a Lutheran church. It was formally established as 'Peep Hill' in 2000.


text:
THE NETHERLANDS ADVANCES CYBERSECURITY INNOVATION AND RESOURCES FOR GLOBAL COMPANIES

The Netherlands has a long history of IT innovation, serving as the birthplace of groundbreaking inventions like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth and DVDs. Today, _ComputerWeekly_ reports that Holland’s newest technological export is cybersecurity, producing and employing security expertise across the world.

How does the Netherlands stay on the cutting edge of mitigating cybercrime and helping businesses stay digitally secure? In advance of Cyber Security Week, here’s a look at why Holland is considered Europe’s safeguard of the digital frontier.

1. GLOBAL IT COMPANIES INVEST IN HOLLAND

[]

With an unparalleled IT infrastructure and tech-savvy, English-speaking workforce, the Netherlands is Europe’s leading hotspot for international IT companies. Multinational firms like Cisco, Infosys, Huawei and Microsoft have all chosen to invest in Holland. In fact, 60% of all Forbes 2000 companies active in the IT industry have established operations in the Netherlands.

Thanks to continuous industry investment by these global brands, the Netherlands digital economy continues to rapidly grow. Today, Holland is the fourth largest exporter of IT services and approximately 70 percent of Dutch innovation is IT related.

Holland’s mild climate, central location and robust renewable energy market are also ideal for IT operations like data centers. For example, Google recently announced plans to purchase sustainable electricity from Holland’s largest solar park for their Eemshaven data center.

2. ONE OF THE WORLD’S MOST WIRED COUNTRIES

_[]
_SOURCE: BROOKINGS.COM

Ranked one of the world’s most wired countries, Holland is ideal for multinationals seeking more than just speed and reliability. The Netherlands’ telecommunications network is 100% digital and extremely secure. According to Eurostat, the Netherlands is among Europe’s two safest countries in terms of protecting against cybercrime and Internet hacks.

The Netherlands also has the world’s second-highest penetration of household broadband connections, further supporting our business and personal networks. This secure connection expands far past the EU too, as most transatlantic sea cables between Europe and North America link directly to the Netherlands.

3. THE DUTCH BUILT EUROPE’S LARGEST SECURITY CLUSTER

Source: The Hague Security Delta

In the Netherlands, we know that collaboration generates success. That’s why Holland is home to Europe’s largest security cluster, The Hague Security Delta (HSD.) Comprised of three hubs, HSD is a network of businesses, governments and knowledge organizations which work together to advance cybersecurity. While each HSD hub specializes in unique fields, The Hague focuses on cybersecurity, including national security and critical infrastructure. In fact, there are over 400 security companies operating in the Dutch capital alone. Thanks to these firms, there are more than 15,200 employees working every day to keep Dutch assets cyber secure.

Dutch cybersecurity collaboration is further promoted through important events which draw in international audiences, including the second annual Cyber Security Week. Held September 25-29 in The Hague, this 4-day event brings together the latest developments, innovations and partners in global cybersecurity.

Apart from major events, The Hague also attracts a wide range of international cybersecurity organizations, like the NATO Communications and Information Agency and the European Cybercrime Center, which strengthens cybercrime law enforcement in the EU.

Finally, Holland pushes the field of cybersecurity with homegrown ventures too. For example, the Netherlands’ Center for Information Security and Privacy Protection develops frameworks for companies implementing new IT systems. Within academia, three Dutch universities created the Cyber Security Academy to offer multidisciplinary learning tracks for executives of all backgrounds.

THE SECURE GATEWAY TO EUROPE

As digital security increases as a global concern, Holland is at the forefront of fighting cybercrime and international security breaches. Through investment and collaboration, the Netherlands will continue to lead Europe, and the world, in cybersecurity innovation.

_If you are interested in doing business in Holland, please_ _contact us__ for more information._

18 September 2017

question: What does the text say about how the Netherlands maintains cybersecurity in the country?

answer: Being one of the most digitally connected countries globally, Holland has stayed atop other countries in maintaining cybersecurity in their country by collaborating with notable security companies such as The Hague Security Delta (HSD). Being linked to this significant security company gives Holland an edge over cybercrime because The Hague focuses on national security and critical infrastructure, most especially. In addition to this, Holland is home to over 400 security companies that operate in the capital. From time to time, the country's cybersecurity collaboration with these companies is further promoted through annual events such as cyber security week. Because they collaborate with top security companies and other cyber investments, Netherlands will continue to be at the forefront of cybersecurity innovations.


text:
	Kurt was taking his time walking down the street, his feet moving him ever forward as small droplets of water fell down from the sky, splashing all across the city. Everyone around him was rushing, with umbrellas, hoods, newspapers covering their heads. Kurt's sweatshirt had a hood, but he didn't think of placing it over his head. The cold orbs of water felt nice running down his shaggy brown hair, dropping off of curls in front of his face, onto his nose and then down to the ground with a “plop.” The water had just started to fall from the sky, but, unlike most times it rains, it did not start off slowly. There was no build up toward the release. One moment, no rain, the next, it felt like the massage setting on a shower head. Kurt forgot where it was he was going, but continued walking anyway, to get his feet wet. As people ran by, they looked at him oddly, as if he was insane to act as he did.
	After about thirty seconds, Kurt's clothes were soaked through. His hair was dripping completely, it looked as if head been in a shower for a few minutes. His sweatshirt clung to his body, dark gray from the moisture. In the pockets of his jeans his cell phone had short-circuited, the water had soaked into the electronics and caused too much energy to be placed on the motherboard, killing it forever. Kurt didn't care. He didn't notice that fact until a day later, when he went to clean up, and the phone fell from his pocket to the floor. His feet kept leading him down the street, which was growing increasingly familiar to Kurt, as he looked around him. He still did not know where he was going, but let his feet lead him.
	After five minutes of walking in the rain, his feet brought him in front of the door to an apartment building. The building he recalled knowing, but he did not know where from. Water still dripped down his brow to his nose, and off to make a “plop” in the puddle created under his feet. It was still raining, but a canopy provided relief. Kurt's right hand made its way to his pocket, where it found cold metal, damp from the cloth around it. The metal fit into the door in front of him, and his feet pulled him into the stair well, and up the stairs in front of him. He left a trail of water as his feet trotted up the steps, one by one.
	Everything around him he knew well, but Kurt could not figure out why. His feet had brought him in front of a door now. On the door were the numbers four, zero, and seven. His right hand lifted up, and knocked twice. The sound of flesh on wood was thick and loud, echoing down the hall. The water dripping off of Kurt soaked a floor mat that read “Welcome!” Kurt heard some shuffling inside, and the door opened. Standing there, staring at Kurt was a woman. Kurt remembered her. She stood in the doorway, wearing gray sweat pants and a t-shirt much too big for her. Her auburn hair was tied above her head in a ponytail that reached down past her shoulders. Her eyes were puffed and red. Inside the room, Kurt could see tissues and an open bottle of wine on the coffee table. He looked at her and said quietly,
	 “Angela... You're beautiful. Marry me.”
	“Fuck off.”
	Water went “plop” on the now-soaked floor mat.
	The door slammed shut, followed by the sound of metal clinking with metal.  Kurt turned, and started walking back down the stairs. As he got to the bottom, he realized that it looked brighter outside. When he walked out of the apartment, he looked up into the clouds. They were thinner. Water dripped from his nose and went “plop.” His eyes were red and puffy.

title: This is the first story I have written in the longest time. I give you: Plop

question: What is Kurt doing out in the rain?

answer: Kurt is walking in the rain; he doesn't know where he's going, but he lets his feet choose the direction.

question: Are there any other important characters in the story?

answer: Angela.

question: What is their relationship?

answer: Kurt and Angela must have been in a romantic relationship. He has a key to her apartment and he asks her to marry him. She is clearly upset; it appears she'd been crying.

question: When does the story take place?

answer: modern day

question: Write a ~8 sentence summary.

answer: Kurt is walking in a downpour; it doesn't seem to bother him. He doesn't know where he's walking, but the street is beginning to look familiar. He lets his feet choose the direction and soon he arrives at an apartment building. He has a key in his pocket which he uses to gain entry into the building. He goes up to apartment 407 and knocks. Angela answers the door, it seems she's been crying. He asks her to marry him, and she tells him to fuck off. He leaves, upset.


text:
In the marketing world, it's well understood that building happyand loyal brand advocates is the key to ensuring a healthy stream of returning customers.

In the recruitment space, many companies fail to recognize the lessons inherent in customerloyaltyschemes. And according to the Bureau of National Affairs, that lack of recognition is costingU.S. businesses an estimated $11 billion in lost revenue -- every single year.

This situation is what we call "employee turnover," which refers to the number of employeeswho leave an organization and need replacing.

Employee turnover is on the rise. It leads to ballooning recruitment costs and a whole host of talent management problems. Theaverage cost to fill a position ranges from $3,000 to $18,000, so it's easy to see how numbers can quickly get out of hand.

But here's the worst part: employee turnover is _entirely_ avoidable.

If your HR department wrestles with this challenge, then understanding its primary causes will help you make sense of the problem.

By implementing a clear and coherent strategy, you can keep top talent happy, engaged and excited.

Measuring Employee Turnover

Measuring employee turnover plays a crucial role in identifying the severity of the problem.

In fact, it's something that should be done on a monthly basis, though you may want to contextualize this by conducting an annual survey as well.

The process is fairly simple. You'll need three figures:

1.  The number of active employees at the beginning of each month
2.  The number of active employees at the end of each month
3.  The number of employees who left during that month

First, add your beginning and ending employee numbers for each month, and divide that by two. This gives you the average number of employees for that month.

  [Beginning Employees + End Employees] / 2 = Average Monthly Employees

Next, divide the number of employees who left during that month by the average. Then, multiply that figure by 100 to get your final turnover percentage.

  [Employees Left / Average Employees] x 100 = Monthly Turnover %

It's important to conduct regular measurements of employee turnover, so you can track fluctuations and better plan for necessary hires.

The Causes of High Employee Turnover

Measuring employee turnover is a good start, but to reduce and overcome it requires a more thorough understanding of its causes and triggers.

Quite often, high turnover is the symptom of one (or many) underlying problems. Rather than throw money at quick-fix solutions, the best approach is to cast your gaze upstream. Ask yourself: What factors are causing staff to leave at such an alarming rate?

To help you better pinpoint and identify where the problem starts, let's cover some of the most common causes of high employee turnover.

1. NO STANDARDIZED ONBOARDING PROCESS

It's surprising how many companies have yet to standardize an engaging and informative onboarding process. Today's world is fast-moving and hyper-connected, so getting your staff up-to-speed is a pivotal aspect that simply cannot be overlooked.

2. EXPECTATION VERSUS REALITY

When hiring managers aren't equipped with the right tools, they can't sell the job properly. This results in hires that don't match job requirements or fit with wider company culture, leading to greater turnover.

3. LACK OF RECOGNITION

People may take a job for more money, but they often leave it for more recognition. At the end of the day, we're all seeking acceptance and appreciation. Find new ways to promote internal success and reward your employees publicly for good work.

4. POOR WORK-LIFE BALANCE

Shifting social values and norms means that today's businesses must account for a healthy work-life balance. If your staff are overcooked and underwhelmed, then simple solutions like flexible or remote working can make all the difference.

5. LACK OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES

It's a natural human instinct to push forward and aspire for more, so make sure your company structure accommodates vertical career development. Regular discussions with employees can help keep both sides aligned and on the same page.

6. EMPTY PROMISES

When attempting to move your star candidate across the line, it's natural to want to promise the moon. Before you do, be careful about what you commit, and don't extend more than you can realistically deliver.

How to Design Better Employee Experiences

Ultimately, high employee turnover is the symptom of a larger, more systemic problem.

To reduce turnover and turn employees into happy brand advocates, companies need to rethink the entire recruitment process. This begins by mapping the candidate journey from start to finish, so you better understand the process candidates walk through.

Once hires are confirmed, it's extremely important to develop a coherent onboarding process that can be scaled across the business. Then, focus on ways you can make employees feel empowered, and deliver on their expectations for growth and development.

Not only will this create happier, more engaged employees; it also has the potential to save you millions of dollars.

question: In a business with a high level of employee turnover, what are the underlying causes of this phenomenon?

answer:
One of the causes is lack of communication between employers and employees - when employees feel frustrated when they are out of the loop communication-wise and will move to a place where they can be heard as well as receive feedback.

There is also the matter of overworking. If an employee is not given much choice in deciding how to schedule their time with regards to work and holidays, they may jump ship to another company with a better work-life balance.

If a company does not offer a good route for promotion or career development, employees will seek greener grass elsewhere.


text:
A short white flash, then darkness. When the room started to become visible again the walls were close, too close to be comfortable. But this was not the first time. Seb knew what to do.

"Get up." He said it slowly, commanding himself to expand, just the way he had trained it. But even after so many times it still didn't work.
"Get up! Get up! Get up!"

Finally his body began to expand, legs protruded from his limb round torso, fingertips slowly pushed through the rubbery sides, reshaping the ball in an incomplete star. Finally his eyes began to move upwards and with them the room began to expand. Not just upwards, as it always did, this time it also expanded to the sides, the way Subject 3 had described it.

Seb would have had a smile on his lips, if he had had a face, but it was still beginning to form. His body was still just an egg-shape with spikes at the bottom and sides.

While suppressing the pain that his tearing skin signaled to his brain he thought to himself that this must be what giving birth feels like. Maybe he should stop making jokes about women after all.

After an hour of effort he had shaped all of his hands and the stumps of his arms nearly up to the elbows. The right hand protruded further than the left, and it also felt bigger. But was that really the right? He wasn't sure on which side his eyes would end up.

The team had warned him against trying too much at once, but all went smoothly and so Anton decided to try his luck. Exerting pressure on what felt like his stomach or lungs, he slowly pressed downwards and ignored the feeling of ripping tissue that accompanied the push.

His legs formed quicker than his arms. He already had his knees completely shaped before he refocused on his arms, bit his unformed lip and pushed to painfully protrude the bigger part of his right biceps. Through trial and error - getting the angle right was still not easy - he finally managed to shape his right shoulder. That was a first.

The left shoulder formed quickly and he barely felt the torn skin. There was a disturbing feeling - a sound, or maybe a smell - but that was maybe just a normal event at this level, after all he was one of the first to reach this state.

Shifting his focus again to his legs he pushed harder on his stomach and was surprised that his legs seemed to be surrounded by a slimy and warm texture. Despite, or maybe beause of the gentle lubrication, his legs kept forming with relative ease. Muscles and bones smoothly moved into place, even the pain seemed to fade away.

He felt a slight pressure on his shoulder and there was distinct chattering in the background, but he was too far to stop. His legs were nearly complete, his hips clicking into place for the first time and it was time to push harder to form his head. But a white flash interrupted him.

"Aaaaaaaaahhhhhhhh!!"

The sudden scream scared Seb and made him scream even louder. It took him a few moments to be back in the world, to remember that breathing was normal and that the water he could hear rushing through his ears was just the blood his heart was pumping around his body. Then the stench hit him, sour with a note of curry and bile.

The lab assistant, Mark, stood smiling at his side. He didn't seem to mind the vomit.

"You got far this time, didn't you?"

"Yeah, I was nearly complete!" Anton was proud of his accomplishment. "Why did you pull me out?"

Mark hesitated. "Do you have any idea how long you were in there?" Anton responded with a frown. "It was six hours, and you threw up on yourself a while ago. We had to get you out."

After cleaning the largest pieces off with dry tissues Seb stood up on his shaking legs and signed the registration sheet. The young female researcher whose name he just never seemed to be able to remember handed him €120. She smiled at him. "Well done." He looked at her nametag. 'Sarah'.

"Thanks, Sarah." Seb turned and walked out.

"Well done." He repeated to himself on the way out into the cold autumn day.

***
*Critique welcome*

title: Subject 4 [Chapter/short short]

question: What organs does Seb try to generate?

answer: Seb tries to generate his hands, arms and elbows. He manages to generate his right shoulder. His legs and his hips are produced when he is interrupted.

question: Describe the setting of the story.

answer: At the beginning of the story it is not clear. The narrator describes only a blank white room. Then, later on we discover that this room is some kind of virtual reality, or he is connected to the blob of flesh by a telepathic link. In fact, he has been in a pod, conducting an experiment. He walks out of the lab as a human being, not a ball of flesh.


text:
MATTI PELLONPÄÄ (28 March 1951 in Helsinki – 13 July 1995 in Vaasa) was a Finnish actor and a musician. He rose to international fame with his roles in both Aki Kaurismäki's and Mika Kaurismäki's films; particularly being a regular in Aki's films, appearing in 18 of them.

Career

He started his career in 1962 as a radio actor at the Finnish state-owned broadcasting company YLE. He performed as an actor during the 1970s in many amateur theatres, at the same time that he studied at the Finnish Theatre Academy, where he completed his studies in the year 1977.

He was nominated Best Actor by European Film Academy for his role as Rodolfo in _La Vie de Boheme_ and won the Felix at the European Film Awards in 1992. He also starred in Jim Jarmusch's 1991 film _Night on Earth_.

His private life melded seamlessly with his acting work. He was considered a natural bohemian, and a genuine everyman without ego. He frequently used his own life as a basis for his acting, eschewing wardrobe provided, acting in his own clothes. He had a tattoo of Snoopy on his left bicep.[1]

Pellonpää was the frontman for the band _Peltsix_ (1989–1995). Peltsix gained cult following with its tragic, and at the same time, comic songs. Peltsix's songs were composed by Pale Saarinen, Kari Makkonen and Jukka Haikonen.

Matti Pellonpää died of a heart attack on 13 July 1995 at the age of 44.

In 1996, Pellonpää was one of the people commemorating 100 years of Finnish Cinema on a stamp.

A Finnish documentary film _Boheemi elää/Bohemian Eyes_ on Pellonpää's life was made in 2011 (directed by Janne Kuusi).

Filmography

-   _Pojat_ (1962), director Mikko Niskanen
-   _Akseli and Elina_ (1970), director Edvin Laine
-   _Kesän maku_ (1975), director Asko Tolonen
-   _Antti Puuhaara_ (1976), director Katariina Lahti, Heikki Partanen, Riitta Rautoma
-   _Viimeinen savotta_ (1977), director Edvin Laine
-   _Ruskan jälkeen_ (1979), director Edvin Laine
-   _The Liar_ (1981), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Pedon merkki_ (1981), director Jaakko Pakkasvirta
-   _Jackpot2_ (1982), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Arvottomat_ (1982), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Regina ja miehet_ (1983), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   _Huhtikuu on kuukausista julmin_ (1983), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   _Crime and Punishment_ (1983), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Klaani – tarina Sammakoitten suvusta_ (1984), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Kello_ (1984), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   ''Aikalainen (1984), director Timo Linnasalo
-   ''Rakkauselokuva (1984), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   ''Viimeiset rotannahat (1985), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   _Calamari Union_ (1985), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Ylösnousemus_ (1985), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   _Shadows in Paradise_ (1986), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Rocky VI_ (1986), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Kuningas lähtee Ranskaan_ (1986), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   _Näkemiin, hyvästi_ (1986), director Anssi Mänttäri
-   _Hamlet liikemaailmassa_ (1987), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Ariel_ (1988), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Cha cha cha_ (1989), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Leningrad Cowboys Go America_ (1989), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Kiljusen herrasväen uudet seikkailut_ (1990), director Matti Kuortti
-   _Räpsy ja Dolly_ (1990), director Matti Ijäs
-   _Zombie ja kummitusjuna_ (1991), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Night on Earth_ (1991), director Jim Jarmusch
-   _Kadunlakaisijat_ (1991), director Olli Soinio
-   _La Vie de Bohème_ (1992), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Missä on Musette?_ (1992), director Veikko Nieminen
-   _Papukaijamies_ (1992), director Veikko Nieminen
-   _Det var väl själva fan också_ (1993), director Peter Östlund
-   _The Last Border_ (1993), director Mika Kaurismäki
-   _Hobitit_ (1993), director Timo Torikka[2]
-   _Leningrad Cowboys Meet Moses_ (1993), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Take Care of Your Scarf, Tatiana_ (1993), director Aki Kaurismäki
-   _Iron Horsemen_ (1995), director Gilles Charmant
-   _Sirpaleita_ (1996), director Aku Louhimies

Albums

-   _Peltsix / Lihaa Ja Leikkeleitä_ (Megamania Music, 1991)
-   _Peltsix / Silkkaa Kryptoniittia_ (Flamingo Music, 1993)

[1] http://www.yle.fi/elavaarkisto/?s=s&g=4&ag=25&t=143&a=3540

[2]

title: Matti Pellonpää

question: If Matti Pellonpaa died of a heart attack in 1995, why is there a 1996 film credited to him?

answer: It appears that Matti was able to easily film scenes in his daily life schedule. It is possible that he has acted in footage that was shot prior to his death in 1996.


text:
1.  home
2.  news
3.  Needs More Wings: Honda Unveils Wild 2015 IndyCar Aero Kit

The 2015 IndyCar Series is about to get underway and manufacturers are rolling out all the new hardware for the coming season. Honda unveiled the aero kit that its teams will use for road course and short oval race at an event in Los Angeles. We were invited to get an up-close look at the Japanese automaker's latest open-wheel creation.

The aero kit was designed by Honda Performance Development (HPD) using many of the same techniques that helped create the performance arm's successful prototype sports cars, which have captured wins in the now defunct American Le Mans Series, Tudor United SportsCar Championship, and World Endurance Championship. Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) played major roles in the kit's development. Nearly 200 individual pieces make up the kit, which can be fitted onto an existing Dallara IndyCar chassis. The kit was tested in a wind tunnel before getting an on-track shakedown at several road courses. This kit will be used for road course and short oval races, with a large oval aero package to be revealed later.

The 2014 Indy 500 winner Ryan Hunter-Reay was on hand to unveil the new kit, which was shown on his own DHL-liveried car. Compared to the Chevrolet aero kit that debuted last month, Honda's kit seems to have a lot more winglets on the front end. The aero work around the rear wheels is also substantially different. Though the design looks radical, American Honda motorsports manager T.E. McHale was quick to point out that the six Honda-powered teams don't have to use all of the aero kit's components. Instead, the kit provides teams and drivers with a wide range of available configurations to tune their cars. This has the added benefit of adding "visual variety" to the field, which IndyCar has lacked in past seasons.

The 2015 Verizon IndyCar Series kicks off on March 29 with the Grand Prix of St. Petersburg, Fla., and Honda's IndyCar racers will show what they can do during open testing beginning March 16.

Source: Honda

question: What is the IndyCar Series?

answer: A race

question: Who won the Indy 500 in the year before this article came out?

answer: Ryan Hunter-Reay

question: What state hosts a race on March 29th, 2015?

answer: Florida

question: What is one upgrade that the new Honda aero kit features?

answer: More winglets on the front end

question: How many days of testing are permitted before the first race?

answer: 13

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: This article describes some features of Honda's new aero kit, which is used for automobile races. It also shares some information about the product's development and the upcoming IndyCar racing schedule.


text:
The tears of the woods

Like every Sunday, the woods were waiting for the man and the child. It was during this time of the year that the hikes of the pair became more regular. You could see them climb up the path early in the morning, when the sun behind the mountain barely managed to filter through the golden trees, which had already started to lose their leaves. Or later in the afternoon, when the light flooded the mountain with a red more intense than the color of the few remaining maple leaves playing hide and seek among the oaks.

Only a couple of the older trees, over there, in the tangle of the interiors, remembered perhaps the first time that a man of that family had come up this way. The man was walking and touching the trees and brushing his feet to make the leaves squeak and fly, creating odd effects with the lights and swirls with the help of the wind. After a few years of lonely walks, the man had started to come together with a child. The two of them walked, the child holding the man’s hand at first, slowly and painfully; then with increased agility as the years passed. And the man was showing the boy the leaves, and calling the names of the trees, pointing at the birds, telling stories of witches and dragons that had long ago lived in those woods, and that maybe – who could deny this with certainty? – were still hiding there, appearing only to those who were afraid.

When autumn arrived, the pair gave the impression to choose the paths where the leaves on the ground were plentiful. And the cracking noise made by their joyful and purposeful stomping filled the terse air.

The years passed, and that first man had time to become old, his beard white, while the boy became a man. But they kept on walking together up these woods, sometimes silent, sometimes playing the fallen leaves as an instrument, with their feet. Then, one day, the man who had been a boy came on his own, without the old man. Still, he followed the same paths, caressing the old barks, following the plants’ scents…until a new boy appeared with the man, holding hands, up the same roads. And the woods were listening to the man telling the boy the same stories of dragons and witches. And in the rapt eyes of the boy, the woods felt as if they were young again: every bark was new, every leaf a symbol of knights of old lineages fighting for princesses; and every broken twig a sword strong enough to defeat monsters.

And so it went, for years and years: until the boys became man, the men grew old, and the new men showed up on the paths alone again. And new boys appeared next to the new men, with new stories of dragons and knights, in a cycle whose length the woods could not quantify, but that it had become an important part of its seasons.

And today the woods are waiting: the man and the boy didn’t come last week, and the woods are trying to retain their colored leaves as long as possible, so that they can cast their shadow over the path of the pair, and fabricate wonder in the mind of the boy, swirling down touching his golden hair.

And here is the footstep of the man, and the woods move their fronds with delight. But a quiver comes to ruin the joy. The woods cannot hear the footsteps of the boy: perhaps the man has him on his shoulders?

The wind brings the news from the valley floor, up until the trees that are waiting on the mountain peak: *the man is alone*. The first trees already saw him coming: he walks curved, as if in his backpack a heavy ballast of years yet to live had suddenly accumulated. But the boy is not with him.

The woods are angry: where is the boy who should have been accompanying the man for many years to come, to learn the secrets of these trees, to make sure that the story of invincible dragons didn’t dry out, forgotten, as dead leaf at the end of November?

And yet the man *is* walking alone. And he doesn’t stop to caress the old barks; nor does he stir up the dead leaves that the woods had purposely hastened this morning to shake from the trees’ branches, to please the boy.

The man pushes forward. His beard is long, gray like the hair on a muzzle of an old dog, his hat down on his forehead. He doesn’t pay attention to the sky veiled by the leaves, nor does he care about the tunnels of lights that reach the floor. And he doesn’t explain to the woods why he is alone.

Suddenly, fast clouds come to darken the sky and the wind shakes the branches of the trees rabidly, as if the woods had called upon the wind’s aid to punish the man for his solitude. The tenderness that the wind had used in the past, to make sure that the boy stopped in awe at the sight of a rain of yellow and red and orange is gone.

Maliciously, the wind channels down the path, cold, running over the man with strength, tearing away branches, throwing them at him. And yet the man keeps on going, head down. Tears seem to obscure his vision, perhaps caused by the strong wind; but the wind is too enraged to even notice.

And the trees of the woods keep on asking loudly *where is the boy? Who will we tell our stories of dragons?* But the man – who had always been able to talk the language of the woods – does not answer. He continues to walk, even now that the rain manages to pass through the branches and hits the ground with a noisy clatter.

A sudden strong noise (a broken branch hitting the ground? One of those monsters that his dead father used to talk about?) forces the man to look for shelter.  Away from the path, he sits down with his back against a huge oak, covered by the thick branches that create a cone of quietude against the impending storm.

And it seems as if the oak is trying to pull its branches closer to stop the rain from hitting the man, as if the rage of the woods had suddenly morphed into compassion. While the man lies there, leaning with his eyes closed. Is he asleep? Or is he intent in listening to the tears of the woods for his lost boy?

title: The tears of the woods - first story here

question: What is the relationship between the man and the child?

answer: This is not explicitly stated, but they seem to be companions.

question: What is the cause of the strong wind?

answer: The man, who is usually accompanied by the boy, has arrived in the woods alone.

question: What are the monsters?

answer: The monsters are part of the stories that the man tells the boy.

question: Why are the trees angry?

answer: The trees are angry because the boy is not present with the man.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: A man and a boy visit the woods every Sunday, until the boy becomes a man, and the cycle continues. The man tells the boy fantastical stories of the woods. One day, the man arrives alone, and the woods are enraged. However, they begin to empathize with the man, as it seems that the boy is lost.


text:
Mary River}} [Little Corellas flying at Mary River National Park] The MARY RIVER flows in the Northern Territory of Australia and is a site of the Mary River National Park.

Description

The river is approximately long and rises about east of Pine Creek.[1] The catchment area is over but is ephemeral and only flows in the wet season, during the dry it is a series of pools and billabongs.[2]

The catchment has several small reserve areas forming the Mary River National Park to help protect it. The Arnhem Highway crosses the river near one of the park areas.[3] It also supports multiple land uses including pastoralism, fishing, mining, defence force, tourism, conservation and horticulture. Pastoralism, particularly cattle grazing is the dominant use taking up 63% of the catchment area.[4]

The river has a total of ten tributaries including the Little Mary River, MacKinlay River, Bowerbird Creek, Mingloo Cree and Douglas Creek. It has a mean annual outflow of ,[5]

Its lower reaches form part of the Adelaide and Mary River Floodplains Important Bird Area. The river is noted for its population of saltwater crocodiles, and is breeding area for the Barramundi, the target fish species for recreational anglers in the area.[6] It is one of eight rivers in the Northern Territory with a large floodplain system in their catchment area.[7] The wetlands occupy an area of approximately and are predominantly freshwater, although they suffer from saltwater intrusion. The wetlands provide a mosaic of habitats and are listed in the Directory of Important Wetlands.[8] It is almost unique for an Australian river in that it has had no major tidal estuary as a river outlet for at least the last 2,000 years.[9]

Flora and fauna

[Fogg Dam in January 2008] The Fogg Dam Conservation Reserve is another protected area along the river and forms a vital habitat in the dry season for some 250 species of birds including Jabiru, jacana, brolga and pygmy geese.[10]

Four threatened plants are found along the river including Goodenia quadrifida, Schoutenia ovata and the endangered Cycas armstrongii and Helicteres macrothrix.[11]

The riparian vegetation found on the upper catchment includes mixed woodlands of Pandanus, Wattle, Paperbark and freshwater mangroves with an understorey of grass and sedges. Weeds are becoming problematic with shrub horehound, spiny head sida and wild passion fruit vine featuring.[12]

34 species of fish are found in the river including; the Macleay's Glassfish, Barred Grunter, Sooty Grunter, Fly-specked Hardyhead, Toothless catfish, Flathead Goby, Spangled Perch, Barramundi, Oxeye Herring, Rainbowfish, Black-banded Rainbowfish, Northern Trout Gudgeon, Bony Bream, Catfish, Hyrtl's Tandan, Freshwater Longtom, Seven-spot Archerfish and the Sleepy Cod.[13]

Two threatened goanna species; Varanus mertensi and Varanus panoptes are found along the river as is the vulnerable yellow-snouted gecko (Lucasium occultum).[14]

History

The traditional owners of the area are the _Wulwulam_ peoples.[15]

The river was named by John McDouall Stuart in 1862. He wrote in his diary _Country burning all round. Lat 13°38'24". This branch I have named the Mary, in honour of Miss Mary Chambers_. Stuart always believed that the Mary was a branch of the Adelaide river and always referred to it as _The Mary, Adelaide river_.[16]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

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[14]

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[16]

title: Mary River (Northern Territory)

question: What does the text say about the best way to catch Barramundi?

question: What does the text say about the history of Mary River?

answer: The river was named by John McDouall Stuart in 1862. He named the Mary, in honor of Miss Mary Chambers. Stuart always believed that the Mary was a branch of the Adelaide River and referred to it as The Mary Adelaide River. The Wulwulam peoples are the traditional owners of the area.

question: What does the text say about Mary River?

answer: Mary River is a long river in the Northern Territory of Australia, east of Pine Creek, and has an ephemeral catchment area that only flows in the wet season. During the dry season, the Mary River is a series of pools and billabongs. The catchment has several small reserve areas forming the Mary River National Park to help protect it. The river has ten tributaries and supports multiple land uses including pastoralism, fishing, and tourism. The Mary River is noted for its population of saltwater crocodiles and is a breeding area for the Barramundi, the target fish species for recreational anglers in the area.

question: What does the text say about the area's flora and fauna?

answer: Mary River has 250 species of birds, including Jabiru, jacana, brolga, and pygmy geese. Four threatened plants are found along the river including Goodenia quadrifida, Schoutenia ovata, and the endangered Cycas armstrongii, and Helicteres macrothrix. The riparian vegetation found on the upper catchment includes mixed woodlands of Pandanus, Wattle, Paperbark, and freshwater mangroves. Thirty-four species of fish are found in the river, including Macleay's Glassfish, Barramundi, Sleepy Cod, and Freshwater Longtom. Two threatened goanna species are found in the river, as well as the vulnerable yellow-snouted gecko (Lucasium occultum).


text:
Now, a story of two friends, best friends to be exact, and how what may have once had the potential to be something beautiful, was thrown out the window via greed. We will call them number 1, and number 2. Number 1 could melt the face off any music lover and guitar enthusiest. Shredding up and down the neck more than a paper shredder, and tearing it up more than a rodatiller. Number 2 had the words, the rhymes and the brains to combine number 1's guitar skills with his lyricism. The music they made was phenomenal, a perfect mix of lyrics and great licks. However, this story isn't even about the music they made. It was about the money they tried to make in order to support the music addiction. As you can guess, when most people want to make quick, easy money. they sell drugs. And drugs is a broad term, not coke, meth, but weed. Really great, sticky dank weed, and that's where the story begins.
Money and weed were always around, and as any musician would know, that is a hell of a mixture. But as always, someones head gets too big for their body, and that's when shit goes downhill. Number 1 decided it would be a great idea to take the weed and the money and run. Out of nowhere, completely cut ties with number 2, and basically said fuck off. Number 2 is not the kind of person for confrontation and took it as a personal attack. He had never felt a rage, a betrayal so harsh, so close to home, because with the departure of number 1, came the departure of all the music that number 2 had written, and number 1 was claiming as his own. As any of you writers out there know, your words are sacred, they are your Mona Lisa, your Sistine Chapel, and when someone toys with your words, they toy with your emotions, and that type of thing does not sit well. With number 2 robbed of everything he ever put his heart into, he plotted revenge, something like this cannot and will not go unsettled. Needless to say, number 2's head was flooded with mobster movies and zero tolerence for roaches and scummy people. Knowing number 1's schedule, number 2 tracked him down, with night stick in his back pocket. Eyes meet, blood boils, and fear ignites as the quick whoosh from the night stick makes it extend, and in the same motion, comes into contact with the back of number 1's knees, taking him right to the ground. At this point number 1 wanted to kill, to avenge his lost children he calls his words. Rears back the night stick with a few more disabling blows. One shot to the head would end it all, and justice would be served, but will it really? Number 2 thought for moment, and decided a murder wasn't the answer, and a jail cell is not where he would like to spend his time. So number 2 come up with the brilliant plan to take the thing from him that he loves most, much like how he stole the genius right from under number 2's pencil. Deciding against a quick, hard blow to the head, number 2 takes his foot, and steps firmly on number 1's wrist, and jams the nightstick relentlessly into number 1's palm, and fingers, breaking every bone in his now unnoticable left hand. The feeling of pleasure number 2 got from this was sick, and uncanny, but also completely worth it. His words have been avenged, the hand that stole his songs will never again play another chord or note, stolen or original. He departed from number 1 knowing that never again wil he melt a face, and shred it like cheese. Moral of the story: When you fuck with someones passion, you will never win, because that is what flows in their veins, what makes them get out of bed everyday and face this cruel world. Don't bite the hand that feeds you, and sure as shit dont bite the hand that feeds your genius.

title: Friends.

question: How do the characters in the story make a living?

answer: They sell cannabis.

question: How does Number 1 rob Number 2?

answer: Number 1 steals all the money, music, and cannabis.

question: How does Number 2 get revenge on Number 1?

answer: Number 2 breaks Number 1's hand.

question: What is the significance of Number 2 breaking Number 1's hand?

answer: A hand-injury can be career-ending for any musician.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Number 1 and Number 2 make music together and fund their projects by selling cannabis. Number 1 steals all the money, cannabis, and music. To get revenge, Number 2 breaks Number 1's hand.


text:
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question: What do the various testimonials imply about NetLine?

answer: Previous customers have been satisfied by the services NetLine provides. It was easy for them to reach their goals in terms of getting the leads they wanted. They also enjoyed working with the NetLine team. Most of the testimonials come from people at high ranks in the companies where they work.

question: What are the various services NetLine provides?

answer: Most of NetLine's services are to do with leads and leads. They offer content syndication, and lead generation. They can also capture intent-based leads and monitor campaign activity. They also have ways of increasing ROI.


text:
My laptop, balanced precariously on the end of the desk, still whispered a faint hum from across the room, as though it were trying to convey a message only I was allowed to hear.  I glanced at the red digits vying for my attention on the bedside table. 22:59. I was up in 7 hours.  Well, 7 hours and 1 minute.  Normally I'd have at least 8 hours, and even then the mornings were always difficult. Beyond the clock, the throbbing blue light on the side of my laptop.  I had left it asleep, but I'd obviously neglected to turn it off completely. Cursing myself on behalf of my morning temper, I swung my feet onto the scratching carpet below.  My ears, suddenly attune, scanned the airwaves for the distant murmur of the television downstairs.  Silence. Mum and Dad were normally in bed by 10:30, especially on a week night.  With intrepid steps, I padded my way across the room, being careful to distribute my weight only onto the most silent patches of the floor.  The blue light, illuminating the room like a digital lighthouse, grew ever more vivid as I approached the desk.  Reaching out both hands, I grabbed the laptop and scampered quickly back to the safety of my duvet.

Whilst my eyes did their best to adapt to the influx of light emanating from the screen, my fingers punched in my log in credentials with familiar precision.  I was in autopilot.  My index finger, remarkably dextrous for this time of the night, touched its way across the small square below the keyboard, loyally taking me to my favourite website.  This would take a few minutes at the most, I already had a video in mind.

Double click.  My right hand begins to slide in between my waist and the elastic that lined my pyjama bottoms.  My left hand confirms the volume is turned all the way down.

The video buffers, the rotating wheel the only thing between me and my target.  I glance up.  Dammit, I always glance up.  The video begins to play, I can see the naked figures in the haze of my peripheral vision.  But I am not watching them. I am watching him, because he is watching me.  A dark, lonesome figure, standing tall in the corner nearest the window.  His face, doused in a red hue from the alarm clock, forms a wry smile.  I close the lid on my laptop, not bothering to shut it down the way dad taught me.  The lid clicks shut, and his smile drops suddenly.  Without saying a word, he turns back to face the wall.  Hopefully he'll stay there until the morning.

title: Masturbation

question: Is the narrator male or female?

answer:
Unconfirmed, but since the title states masturbation and the narrator slides a hand inside the pyjama bottoms instead of pulling it down, implies that the narrator is possibly female.

Also, the dark figure apparently prefers to watch the narrator when the narrator watches porn, and the dark figure is labelled as male, then the typical interpretation is that the dark figure would enjoys watching a female.

The behavior being shown by the narrator, however (the habit of watching porn to masturbate) has a social preconception of being more commonly attributed to males.

question: Who is the narrator?

answer: The narrator is a person who is young enough to still be sleeping in their parent's house and is expected to sleep early, is not a morning person, has an inclination to watch porn, and has entity in their room.

question: Who is the dark lonesome figure?

answer:
It appears to be a paranormal being is an entity that is happy to watch the narrator watch porn. The entity dropped its smile when the laptop was closed, but there was no clear indication that the narrator would cease to masturbate (though it is implied) -so there is no confirmation if the entity also enjoys watching the narrator masturbate (though that would be an understandable interpretation).

It is not entirely clear if the entity is malicious or hostile, though the narrator's lack of urgency shows that they are familiar with the entity. And though it is not said that the being is harmful or evil, it is clearly stated that the narrator would prefer if the entity stayed in the corner of the room.

question: What was the narrator doing?

answer: The narrator tried watch porn and masturbate but ended up closing the laptop when their attention was focused on a familiar entity in the room. It appears that the narrator is familiar with the paranormal entity.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: While trying to sleep, the narrator notices that they did not turn off their laptop properly so they bring it to bed. Instead of turning off the laptop, they log in to what appears to be a porn site and moves their right hand to begin masturbating. While the video buffers, the narrator glances up (an action the narrator would prefer to not do) and sees the entity in the room. This prompts the narrator to close the laptop's lid much to the dismay of the entity. The entity stays in the corner of the room and faces the wall where the narrator hopes it will stay till morning.


text:
BETTY HALL JONES (January 11, 1911 – April 20, 2009),[1] was an American boogie-woogie pianist, singer, songwriter and arranger.

Biography

She was born Cordell Elizabeth Bigbee in Topeka, Kansas. Archie Bigbee,[2] her father, was a part-time cornetist and leader of a brass band. Music ran through her family. She learned piano from her uncle in California, where she was raised after her family moved there in 1921. She learned piano, starting at the age of five, going through her first year of college. A Las Vegas Columnist once described Betty Hall Jones as a “tiny 70-year-old black songstress-pianist who tore up the joint.”[3]

Around 1927, she married a banjoist, George Hall, and then had two children but divorced after a few years. In 1936, as Betty Hall, she got a job as a backup pianist for Buster Moten in Kansas City. She returned to Los Angeles to play with Roy Milton from 1937 through 1941, then joined Luke Jones' trio, with whom she recorded. Additionally, she was also the colluder of the Satin Dolls, a group of musicians, Dixieland.[4] She married Jasper Jones in the early part of the decade, taking the name Betty Hall Jones. By 1942 she had joined Paul Howard's Quality Serenaders as pianist and arranger, but also led her own Betty Hall Jones Trio in clubs and hotels, mostly in southern California where she was raising her children.[5] Her family did not approve of the type of music that she was involved in.[6] She died in Torrance, California, in 2009, aged 98.[7]

Career

In 1946 she wrote songs recorded by Alton Redd's band, and, with Luke Jones, recorded with Joe Alexander's Highlanders on the Atlas label. She also recorded under her own name in 1947 for Atomic Records, leading a group that included Jones and, on some recordings, saxophonist Maxwell Davis. She signed for Capitol Records in 1949, and released a string of singles on the label including “This Joint's Too Hip For Me”, probably her best-known recording. As a writer, her songs were recorded by Ray Charles (“Ain't That Fine”) and Nellie Lutcher (“My New Papa's Got To Have Everything”). However, her own recordings were not chart hits. She left the Capitol label the following year, but continued to perform widely, and recorded for the Dootone and Combo labels in the early 1950s. She worked at the Hotel Sorrento in Seattle, Washington, for seven years, and became noted for the flamboyant hats which she wore while performing, switching from one to another between songs.[8] Betty performed a large number of shows for charity. She performed charity shows for the USO and routinely performed for nursing homes.[9]

A compilation of her recordings, _The Complete Recordings 1947-1954_, was issued in 2005.[10]

She was the mother of two children, and married, then divorced, George Hal.[11] She professed to admire Mary Lou Williams, Art Tatum, Teddy Wilson, Fats Waller, Pete Johnson, and Duke Ellington as influences and peers.[12]

Tours

In the 1960s and 1970s she did USO tours in East Asia and toured Australia and Mexico in addition to regular dates in nightclubs on Sunset Boulevard. She toured Sweden and England in the 1980s, and continued performing into the 1990s despite illness.[13] In the 1950s she extended her itinerary from Canada to the Southwest.[14]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5] Marv Goldberg, “Betty Hall Jones”, _Marv Goldberg's R&B Notebooks_, 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2016

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10] Allmusic.com, _The Complete Recordings 1947-1954_

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

title: Betty Hall Jones

question: What does the text say about the name of Betty Hall Jones?

answer: She was born Cordell Elizabeth Bigbee, given her father's family name of Bigbee. She married George Hall and took his name to become Betty Hall in 1927. Later, she married Jasper Jones and added his surname, becoming Betty Hall Jones. Under this name, she recorded for Atomic Records and led the Betty Hall Jones Trio in hotel and club performances.

question: Summarize what happened in the 1920s.

answer: Betty Hall Jones moved with her family to California in 1921, when she was about 10 years old. It was then that she learned piano from her uncle. Around 1927, she married banjoist George Hall, and within the next few years had two children and divorced.

question: What does the passage say about Ella Fitzgerald?

question: Summarize Betty's biography.

answer: Betty Hall Jones was born Cordell Elizabeth Bigbee in Kansas, 1911. She was raised in a musical family and learned piano from her uncle. Her family did not approve of the music she was involved in later on. She was married twice and had two children from the first marriage. She died in Torrance, California, at age 98.

question: Summarize the commentary on the war.