text:
LEONE CATTANI (5 January 1906 – 29 October 1980) was an Italian lawyer, politician and anti-Fascist activist.

Between December 1944 and December 1945 he served as secretary general of the Italian Liberal Party. Later, in 1955, he was a co-founder of the Italian Radical Party.[1]

Life

Family provenance and early years

Leone Cattani was born in Rieti, a small industrial city and regional capital a short distance to the north of Rome. He was the youngest of the four recorded children of Antonio Cattani (1873–1939), a primary school teacher (later a director of studies), originally from nearby Antrodoco. His mother, born Maria Costantini, came from a Rieti family. For work reasons, while he was growing up, the family relocated to Urbino, later moving further afield to Crema in the north-west of Italy (Lombardy).[2]

The move to Crema meant living close to Milan, which is where Cattani undertook his university studies, receiving a degree in social sciences in 1925 and in jurisprudence in 1927. It was while he was a student that he became politically involved, joining Catholic associations. Cattani was influenced by the liberal ideas of Benedetto Croce and Luigi Einaudi.[3] He became an activist and then a leading figure in the Catholic Federation of University Students (_“Federazione Universitaria Cattolica Italiana”_ / FUCI), expressing hostility within the federation to the Fascists who had been running the government since 1922. He was also a promoter of the “Golliardic Union for Liberty” (_“Unione goliardica per la libertà”_), an association of socialist and liberal Catholics which had been founded in 1924.[4]

The antifascist

The FUCI had traditionally valued its political neutrality, but the growing intrusiveness of the Fascist government was hard to ignore, which was reflected in internal conflicts within “the federation”, and in 1926 Cattani resigned from it.[5] In September 1927 he returned to live in Rieti.[6] Drawn towards liberal perspectives, he became one of the youthful supporters of Giovanni Amendola. Others in the group included Ugo La Malfa and Giorgio Amendola.[7]

On 28 April 1928 a bomb exploded at the opening ceremony of the Milan trade fair. It was determined that the explosion was an assassination attempt against the king. The king was unhurt, but 80 people were injured and 20 were killed.[8] The Mussolini government took the opportunity to round up a large number of political activists known to be hostile to the Fascist Party. Cattani was among those arrested, accused of having set up a secret “Young Italy” association.[9] Without proof or other justification he was detained for 35 days, after which he was freed.[10] He nevertheless had lost his job with the National Institute for Exports.[11]

In March 1930 he relocated to Rome.[12] During the 1930s, Cattani concentrated on working as a defence lawyer: many of his clients were antifascists. Inspired by Benedetto Croce he continued, quietly, to support the liberal doctrines. He also became involved in clandestine resistance activities, although clandestine resistance appears to have been far more active following the outbreak of war, in the early 1940s, than during the 1930s.[13]

Family matters

His father, Antonio, died on 9 October 1939. A year later, on 26 October 1940, Leone Cattani married Maria Ruffini from Portici (Naples). The marriage produced three recorded sons.[14]

War years

By 1942 he was organising “actions” against the government. He refused to join his group of young liberals to the new Action Party because he believed that the republican aspirations of its leaders, notably Ugo La Malfa and Ferruccio Parri, would rule out the creation of a broadly based anti-Fascist party capable of attracting middle class voters who were still, in his judgement, predominantly monarchist. What emerged from this difference of approach would be two radically different political forces claiming the mantle of liberalism: the liberal-socialist Action Party (1942–1947) and the liberal-conservative Italian Liberal Party, relaunched in 1943 and which would limp on till 1994, but without ever securing much more than 5% of the national vote.[15]

Cattani was the liberal representative on Ivanoe Bonomi's antifascist committee on 25 July 1943. After the fall of Mussolini he joined with Nicolò Carandini, Giambattista Rizzo, Mario Pannunzio and others to reconstruct the Italian Liberal Party. He opposed joining the Badoglio government, which differentiated him from the “grand old men” of liberalism Alessandro Casati and Marcello Soleri. At the end of the summer, after 18 September 1943, Cattani joined the Italian Liberal Party to the newly formed (and in political terms broadly based) National Liberation Committee (_“Comitato di Liberazione Nazionale”_ / CLN).[16]

At the time of the brief but savage German occupation of Rome Cattani contributed to the clandestine underground publication of the “Liberal Movement of Italy” programmes and, together with Mario Pannunzio, of “Risorgimento Liberale” which after the liberation of Rome became the official organ of the Italian Liberal Party.[17]

Politics after Mussolini

Taking his cue from Croce and Einaudi, Cattani always defended democracy against the excesses of Fascism and Communism, continuing to favour a progressive and reforming model of liberalism. In December 1944 Brosio joined the (second) Bonomi government at Cattani became secretary general of the Italian Liberal Party:[18] with fasism apparently vanquished, he identified Communism as the more pressing danger, and worked to limit the powers of the CLN, which was dominated by the Italian Communist Party, and for its dissolution following Liberation (25 April 1945).

Directly after the war Cattani was a member of the (nominated, not elected) National Council (_“Consulta Nazionale”_) established in September 1945,[19] and he saw to it that his party was part of the short-lived Parri government to represent the (non-Communist) left-wing wing of the CLN. For Cattani participation in the government was a necessary precondition for the creation of a more moderate Christian Democratic-Liberal government headed up by Alcide De Gasperi.[20] In pursuit of that objective he then launched a campaign against the Parri government, from which on 21 November 1945 the liberal ministers resigned, provoking a crisis.[21]

On 10 December 1945 a new government under De Gasperi took over, created from the six parties of the CLN, which had the backing of the occupying powers. There was pressure from the right-wing parties in this very broadly based coalition for Cattani to be excluded from it and for the Liberal Party to go into opposition, but in the end Cattani joined the government as Minister of Public Works, while his duties as party general secretary passed to .[22]

Referendum and resignation

The referendum of 2 June 1946 was held to determine the future of the monarchy and, more broadly, to confer democratic legitimacy on the constitutional arrangements that would follow. Of the six political parties represented in the CLN there was only one, the Liberal Party, backing the retention of the monarchy in the campaigning ahead of the vote.[23] Directly after the fall of the monarchy, Cattani committed to back an investigation into Fraud allegations from the monarchist side. During the sessions of the Council of Ministers held overnight on 12/13 June 1946 he was the only member of the government to vote against the taking of power by De Gasperi as provisional head of state. Nevertheless, once the Republic had been proclaimed, Cattani quickly became a foremost defender of the state's legitimacy in the face of proposals to undergo further discussions ahead of a second referendum. At the end of 1947 he emerged as a leading champion of the liberal left at the fourth Liberal Party national congress: as the political mood in the country drifted to the left, the Liberal Party moved in the opposite direction. Following a victory by the “right”, in a vote over a proposed merger with the populist Common Man's Front (_“Fronte dell'Uomo Qualunque”_ / UQ), Cattani resigned from the Liberal Party early in 1948,[24][25] alleging, as he did, that the vote at the party congress had been manipulated.

As leader of the “Liberal Revival Movement” (_" movimento di Rinascita liberale"_) in 1948, it seemed that Cattani was on the way to launching a new alternative liberal party, but faced with hesitancy among political allies he abandoned the idea. When in June 1948 Nicolò Carandini took the initiative and launched the Independent Liberal Movement (_“Movimento Liberale Indipendente”_ / MLI),[26] Cattani stood aside from the project and for several years withdrew completely from the political scene. His energies were instead diverted to a new political weekly magazine, “Il Mondo” from the pages of which he argued his liberal position with some fervour.[27]

Return to the Liberal Party and establishment of the Radical Party

In 1950, following the removal of party General Secretary Roberto Lucifero (who represented the extreme right of the Liberal Party) and the arrival in the post of Bruno Villabruna, who subsequently launched a determined move to make the party more mainstream, attempting to create a broadly based plotical “third force”, Cattani was among those who began to look for ways of drawing together the fractured strands of political liberalism. Through the MLI he set out his conditions for a liberal reunification, calling for a new Italian Liberal organisation that completely excluded the political right. Despite failing to obtain agreement on that, in December 1951 at the party conference in Turin, Cattani was among those calling for a liberal reunification.[28]

In 1952 Cattani presented himself as a candidate in the Rome municipal elections, standing as a candidate for a coalition comprising the Liberals, the Christian Democrats, the Republicans and the Social Democrats. These parties agreed, under the terms of the newly introduced electoral law, than they would all support the incumbent mayor, Salvatore Rebecchini. Cattani's own candidacy was successful: having been elected to the council he was subsequently given responsibility for Planning and Private Building.[29] After less than a year he resigned from this office, however, in order to avoid having any involvement in condoning a major building project on the Monte Mario hill.[30] Over the next few years he thundered periodically from the back benches in the council chamber against public corruption and the widespread construction of unauthorized buildings, but this was met with widespread indifference.[31]

As a supporter of the Electoral Law (“Fraud Law” / _“legge truffa”_) of 1953, Cattani soon found himself at odds with the Liberal Party mainstream again, especially after 1954 when Giovanni Malagodi took over as Party General Secretary. This led to Cattani's final break with the party which he left at the end of 1955, along with others on the left-wing of the party, including Bruno Villabruna, to found the Radical Party.[32]

The Radical politician

The Radical Party was officially launched at the Cola di Rienzo Theatre in Rome on 10 December 1955.[33] Immediately afterwards Cattani stood for election to the Rome city council as a Radical candidate and in 1956 he was re-elected to the council despite the disappointing overall result for the new party which received only 1.2% of the votes.[34] From the opposition benches he was particularly fierce in opposing the urban policies of the Christian Democrats under mayors Tupini and Ciocchetti. His successful battle to prevent the Villa Chigi redevelopment was particularly memorable.[35] In 1958 he was the left-wing mayoral candidate, backed by the Socialists, the Communists, the Republicans and the Radicals, although the vote that year led to the election as mayor of the centre-right Christian Democrat, Urbano Ciocchetti.[36]

Cattani's “radical adventure” also proved short-lived. In 1961 the “Piccardi case” surfaced in the columns of “Il Mondo”. The managing editor of the magazine was Mario Pannunzio, a close political ally of Cattani's. , a member of the Radical Party secreatariat, was accused of having been involved in Italo-German discussions in 1938/39 in which racial arguments had been addressed.[37] Cattani and others associated with “Il Mondo” demanded Piccardi's resignation, but the left-wing of the party backed him. The upshot was another party resignation for Leone Cattani.[38]

Retreat into private life

After the termination of his political career in the Radical Party, in 1963 Cattani ran as a candidate for Giuseppe Saragat's Democratic Socialist Party, but he failed to secure election. This, for most purposes, signalled his retreat into private life. In 1968 he was one of the promoters of the Pannunzio Centre at Turin, along with Arrigo Olivetti, Nicolò Carandini, Pier Franco Quaglieni and Mario Soldati.

Leone Cattani died at Rome on 29 October 1980.

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[19] Francesco Bartolotta, Parlamenti e governi d'Italia – Vol. I, Vito Bianco Editore, Roma, page 435

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[21] Francesco Bartolotta, Parlamenti e governi d'Italia – Vol. II, Vito Bianco Editore, Roma, pages 202–206

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[23] Andrea Ungari, In nome del Re. I monarchici italiani dal 1943 al 1948, Le Lettere, Firenze, 2004, pages 214, 327

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[29] Gianfranco Berardi, Storia del malgoverno democristiano a Roma, in: L'Unità, aprile 1976

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[31] Italo Insolera, Roma moderna, Einaudi, Torino, 1971, pages 213, 221

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[37] Sinistra radicale-Bollettino mensile d'informazione politica, n. 5, anno II, 28 febbraio 1962

[38]

title: Leone Cattani

question: What political party did Leone Cattani co-found?

answer: Leone Cattani co-founded the Italian Radical Party.

question: Where was Leone Cattani born?

answer: Leone Cattani was born in Rieti.

question: Why was Leone Cattani arrested in 1928?

answer: Leone Cattani was accused of having set up a secret "Young Italy" association and was arrested.

question: What was the Referendum of 2 June 1946?

answer: The Referendum of 2 June 1946 was held to reform the powers the Italian monarchy held.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Leone Cattani was an anti fascist activist in Italy before, during, and after World War Two. Over his lifetime he joined many different organizations, all attempting to stop who he saw as the bigger threat, either fascists or later communists.


split: train

text:
The CHURCH OF SÃO CAETANO () is a 17th-century church located in the civil parish of Lomba in the municipality of Lajes das Flores, in the Portuguese island of Flores, in the archipelago of the Azores.

History

In 1698, the parish of Lomba was created, and was associated with the probable construction of the primitive church.[1]

The first parochial registers were dated from 1701.[2]

The beginning of the rebuilding phase of the church began in 1753, that lasted until 1759.[3]

Between 1873 and 1888, a new phase of construction was initiated.[4] Father José António Camões, indicates that the church had a rector with a stipend that included 5 bushels, 3 alqueires and 8 of wheat, along with 8$000 réis, along with a treasurer supported by a bushel of wheat and 6$000 réis, supported by a contribution of 2$000 to the factory.[5]

A new period of restoration and construction initiated in 1880, that ultimately lead to the church's re-consecration on 24 February 1886.[6]

Architecture

The church is implanted behind a small courtyard and comprises a single-nave extending to a narrower corp (corresponding to the presbytery) and annexes that included the sacristy and annexes off the principal space.[7] The building is constructed in masonry stone plastered and painted white, with the cornerstones, pilasters, entablatures and frames in stonework.[8]

The principal facade, which includes a belfry/steeple, is divided in three sections by entablatures (on the first floor an architrave, simple frieze and cornice and the second by just frieze and cornice) and in the three sections by a vertical pilasters (with plinths and capitals on the ground floor).[9] The ground and first floor are complemented by arched windows; the first floor marked by rectangular doorway flanked by two windows and the upper floor with three windows corresponding to the openings on the ground floor.[10] Over the main door is a cartouche with the sculpted _1888_.[11]

The main door opens to a small narthex, that corresponds to the perimeter of the tower, that extends to the windbreak.[12] On either side of the narthex is a compartment accessible from the nave: opposite the epistole side is the baptistery and opposite it is winding staircase that leads to the high-choir and belfry.[13] The choir, in wood, occupies the area at the front of the nave (over the windbreak) and is counter curved, protected by a guardrail of balustrades. It is preceded by a vestibule that is under the narthex and whose vaulted covering supports the belfry.[14]

The walls of the nave have, on either side, a door that connects it to the exterior and three high windows.[15] Opposite the epistole, to the right of the door, is a pulpit with large stone corbel and balustrade guardrail in wood.[16] The door to the pulpit is the only one with double lintel surmounted by cornice. To the right of the pulpit is a door that leads to the sacristy.[17] On angles to the nave, flanking the triumphal archway of the presbytery are retables, positioned on 45 degree angles.[18] Within the main chapel, on either side, are doors that connect to the sacristy and storage annex.[19] The lateral retables and principal chapel are gilded Revivalist decoration and partially painted, while the ceiling of the nave and presbytery are decorated in wood.[20] In the sacristy is a chest of drawers and other Modernist furniture, in addition to a wood staircase that provides access to the pulpit.[21]

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title: Church of São Caetano (Lomba)

question: What is the Church of São Caetano?

answer: a 17th-century church located in the civil parish of Lomba in the municipality of Lajes das Flores, in the Portuguese island of Flores, in the archipelago of the Azores

question: When was the parish of Lomba created?

answer: 1698

question: When was the Church of São Caetano reconsecrated?

answer: 24 February 1886

question: What style of furniture resides in the Church of São Caetano?

answer: Modernist

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The Church of São Caetano is a 17th-century church located in the civil parish of Lomba in the municipality of Lajes das Flores, in the Portuguese island of Flores, in the archipelago of the Azores.


text:
Chief OSHODI LANDUJI TAPA (c.1800 to 1868) was Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.

Origins

Oshodi Tapa is reported to have been a slave from the Nupe[1] Kingdom at Bida who was indentured to Oba Osinlokun.[2] Oshodi family accounts note that when Tapa was a little boy about to be loaded onto a Portuguese ship bound for the Americas, he escaped and sought refuge in Oba Osinlokun's palace.[3] The name Tapa is a reference to the Nupe people.[4][5]

Ascendancy

Through his many talents, leadership, and strength of personality, Oshodi Tapa rose to become a trading agent for Oba Osinlokun,.[6] He and another slave (Dada Antonio) were sent by Oba Osilokun to Brazil to learn Portuguese, acquire the necessary commercial and cultural knowledge to conduct trade on behalf of the Oba and to collect duties from Portuguese slave traders.[7] After serving Osilokun, Oshodi Tapa became a key adviser and military chief of Oba Kosoko.

War chief and emissary for Oba Kosoko

Oshodi Tapa was with Kosoko at Epe when he fled Lagos following his feuds with Eletu Odibo.[8] Oshodi Tapa managed the 3-week long Ogun Olomiro (Salt Water War) assault by the Kosoko faction in July 1845 on Oba Akitoye's palace resulting in Akitoye fleeing to Abeokuta. Tapa played a diplomatic role by granting Akitoye safe passage through the Agboyi Creek. In explaining Akitoye's escape to Kosoko, Tapa noted that Akitoye put his pursuers in a trance.[9]

Oshodi Tapa participated in the last minute November 1851 diplomatic effort that the British attempted before bombarding Lagos. Tapa reportedly relayed Kosoko's rejection of British friendship to the visiting party of Consul John Beecroft, Commander Wilmot, Commander Gardner, and Lieutenant Patey.[10][11]

Oshodi Tapa played a significant role in putting up a spirited defense to the British invasion of Lagos in November and December 1851. After the British defeated Kosoko, Oshodi Tapa fled with Kosoko to Epe where he remained a Kosoko ally. Oshodi Tapa played an instrumental role in negotiations for the signing of The Treaty of Epe on September 28, 1854 between Kosoko and Consul Benjamin Campbell.

Merchant and power broker after Lagos' annexation as a British Colony in 1861

Tapa returned to Lagos along with Kosoko in 1862. He settled in the Epetedo area close to the Oba's palace. He was given the traditional title of OLOJA of Ereko and during this period became allied with Governor John Hawley Glover who appreciated Tapa's skills, contacts, and political experience and leveraged his relationship with Tapa to his advantage as Governor of Lagos.[12] Glover reportedly consulted Oshodi Tapa before implementing any new public projects[13] and he eventually became an emissary of Glover's government.[14]

Tapa also leveraged his vast experience as a trader during his earlier years serving Oba Osinlokun in colonial Lagos. The German firm O'Swald conducted all of its business in Lagos through Tapa. He successfully transitioned from human trafficking to expanding into producing palm oil, cotton, and ivory using slave labor.[15]

Death

[Oshodi Tapa monument in Lagos]

Oshodi Tapa died in 1868 and a monument was erected outside his compound in Epetedo.[16]

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title: Oshodi Tapa

question: Where is Lagos?

answer: the article does not answer this question

question: Who was Oshodi Landuji Tapa?

answer: Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.

question: When did Oshodi Tapa die?

answer: 1868

question: Why was Britain interested in Lagos?

answer: the article does not answer this question

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Oshodi Landuji Tapa was Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.


text:
YOUNG PLACE is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in San Juan County, New Mexico, United States. Its population was 187 as of the 2010 census.[1] The community is located in the extreme northeast corner of the county.

Geography

Young Place is located at .[2] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the community has an area of , all land.[3]

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title: Young Place, New Mexico

question: What is the general description given in the article about Young Place?

answer: It is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place.

question: Where is Young Place located?

answer: Young Place is located in San Juan County, New Mexico.

question: According to the 2010 census, what was the population of Young Place?

answer: The population, according to the 2010 census, of Young Place, was 187.

question: Where in the county is Young Place located?

answer: Young Place is located in the extreme northeast corner of the county.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article describes Young Place, an unincorporated community and census-designated place.


text:
The Republican Party's office in Alamance County, N.C., has been vandalized, according to state officials.

According to local reports, the word "Republican" on the banner outside was covered with black spray paint. The letters "NA" were also spray painted on the glass door and "F—K Trump YESSIR" painted on the outside wall.

Investigators were called to the building early Friday morning.

Surveillance video captured an image of the suspect, who appeared to be dressed in all white and wearing a hood. However, the Burlington Police Department said "the video was not very clear."

"This is deeply troubling to our Alamance County GOP members and volunteers, but even more so, this is troubling for our nation. As chairman, it is my hope that we can be an example to the world that this behavior is unacceptable, and it will not deter us from the noble responsibility we have to live and vote in the freedom that has been given to us. We are open for business, and have a lot of work to do in the next four days, and nothing is going to get in our way," said Alamance County GOP Chairman Ben York.

The Orange County GOP office in Hillsborough reopened in a new location this week after its old location was firebombed. No one was hurt in that attack, and no arrests have been made.

question: Who is accused of vandalism?

answer: There's not enough information available

question: What was vandalized?

answer: A glass door was spray-painted

question: Which GOP official was asked for comment?

answer: Ben York

question: What county did this take place in?

answer: Alamance County

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: This article summarizes an investigation into an act of vandalism. Ben York, the party chairperson at the vandalized building also provided commentary. The article details the nature of the crime and fact that no arrests have yet been made.


text:
TYPHOON NOCK-TEN, known in the Philippines as TYPHOON NINA, was the strongest Christmas Day tropical cyclone worldwide in terms of 1-minute sustained winds.[1][2] Forming as a tropical depression southeast of Yap and strengthening into the twenty-sixth tropical storm of the annual typhoon season on December 21, 2016, Nock-ten intensified into the thirteenth typhoon of the season on December 23. Soon afterwards, the system underwent explosive intensification and became a Category 5-equivalent super typhoon early on December 25. Nock-ten weakened shortly afterwards before making eight landfalls over the Philippines.[3] The typhoon weakened rapidly due to the landfalls as it entered the South China Sea on December 26, turned southwest, and ultimately dissipated on December 28 due to the winter monsoon.

Nock-ten was the third typhoon to have caused significant impacts in the Philippines, after typhoons Sarika and Haima only two months prior, both of which struck similar areas at a similar intensity. 13 people were known to have been killed by Nock-ten. Damage totals were estimated upwards of US$127.5 million, and because of this, the names _Nock-ten_ and _Nina_ were retired by the Japan Meteorological Agency and PAGASA name lists, respectively.

Meteorological history

During December 20, the Japan Meteorological Agency started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed, about to the southeast of Yap Island in the Federated States of Micronesia.[4][5] The broad and poorly organized system was being affected by moderate to high vertical wind shear, which was being offset by warm sea surface temperatures.[6] Soon, the JTWC upgraded the system to a tropical depression, with the designation of _30W_, based on improved environmental conditions and an ASCAT image.[7] Late on the same day, when central convection was increasing and consolidating over a defined low-level circulation center (LLCC), both the JMA and the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical storm, with the former assigning the name _Nock-ten_.[8][9] One day later, late on December 22, the JMA upgraded the system to a severe tropical storm, and Nock-ten started to form an eye revealed by microwave imagery.[10][11]

Tracking west-northwestward and then westward along the southern periphery of a deep-layered subtropical ridge, Nock-ten intensified into a typhoon at noon UTC on December 23.[12][13] Immediately after that, explosive intensification commenced with a sharp eye embedded in a symmetric central dense overcast feature.[14] At 06:00 UTC on December 24, Nock-ten reached its peak intensity with estimated ten-minute maximum sustained winds of 195 km/h (120 mph) and the central pressure at 915 hPa (27.02 inHg); therefore, it was the latest-forming typhoon of such intensity or stronger on record.[15] The JTWC also upgraded Nock-ten to a Category 4-equivalent super typhoon, when the system was in an area of low vertical wind shear, excellent dual-channel outflow, and sea surface temperatures of 29 ºC.[16] Although the eye became cloud-filled in the afternoon, it cleared again late on the same day and while the JMA did not raise its intensity estimate further, the JTWC did so.[17][18]

On December 25, the JTWC reported that the Dvorak technique analyses at 03:00 UTC from “all reporting agencies” indicated a T-number of 7.0;[19] therefore, the JTWC added a non-synoptic entry to the operational best track for that time, indicating one-minute maximum sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph), equivalent to Category 5 on the Saffir–Simpson scale.[20] However, land interaction soon impacted the typhoon, as its convective cloud tops had become warmer.[21] Later, Nock-ten made landfall over the Philippines eight times: Catanduanes at 18:30 PST (10:30 UTC) and Sagñay, Camarines Sur at 21:30 PST (13:30 UTC) on December 25; San Andres, Quezon at 02:00 PST (18:00 UTC), Torrijos, Marinduque at 04:30 PST (20:30 UTC), Verde Island, Batangas at 09:15 PST (01:15 UTC), Tingloy, Batangas at 10:10 PST (02:10 UTC), Calatagan, Batangas at 11:40 PST (03:40 UTC), and Lubang Island, Occidental Mindoro at 13:00 PST (05:00 UTC) on December 26.[22]

The eight landfalls significantly eroded Nock-ten, and the structure became much more asymmetric and ragged.[23] Thus, when Nock-ten emerged into the South China Sea early on December 26, it had weakened into a minimal typhoon.[24] Subsequently, although Nock-ten's structure briefly improved, it was downgraded to a severe tropical storm by the JMA and a tropical storm by the JTWC early on December 27, as its LLCC had started to become exposed.[25][26] Poleward outflow was no longer offsetting the effects of strong vertical wind shear, leading to rapid weakening.[27] After the JMA downgraded the system to a tropical storm at 09:00 UTC, Nock-ten further weakened to a tropical depression late on the same day.[28][29] Influenced by a Northeast Monsoon surge, the system accelerated southwestward, and convection was unable to develop over the fully exposed LLCC due to high vertical wind shear and colder dry air.[30] The JTWC issued its final warning for the system early on December 28, and the tropical depression dissipated in the afternoon.[31][32][33]

Preparations and impact

[Highest PSWS raised by PAGASA across the Philippines in relation to Typhoon Nina (Nock-Ten)] Nock-ten made eight landfalls in the Philippines.[34] According to the NDRRMC, a total of 98,771 families were preemptively evacuated in CALABARZON, MIMAROPA, Bicol, and Eastern Visayas region.[35]

A total of 13 people have been reported dead while total damages have been reported up to ₱6.12 billion (US$123 million).[36]

On December, 26, 2016, MV _Starlite Atlantic_ sank off the coast of Tingloy, Batangas during the onslaught of the typhoon. The vessel was anchored in Batangas Bay when the typhoon passed over it with winds of up to 185 km/h in the center and gusts of 215 km/h. The typhoon generated huge waves between six to eight meters in height, causing the vessel to come off its mooring and drift toward Tingloy where it sank. One person died and 18 were reported missing in the incident, while the Philippine Coast Guard rescued 15 out of the 34 crew.[37][38][39]

Highest public storm warning signal

  PSWS#     LUZON                                                                                VISAYAS                                                             MINDANAO
  --------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------- ----------
  PSWS #4   Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur, Catanduanes, Southern Quezon                                                                                NONE                                                                NONE
  PSWS #3   Albay, Burias, Island, Marinduque, Batangas, Lubang Island, Cavite, Laguna, Northern Oriental Mindoro, Northern Occidental Mindoro, rest of Quezon, Sorsogon                    NONE                                                                NONE
  PSWS #2   Metro Manila, Rizal, Bulacan, Bataan, Pampanga, Southern Zambales, Polillo Islands, rest of Occidental Mindoro, rest of Oriental Mindoro, Romblon, Masbate incl. Ticao Island   Northern Samar                                                      NONE
  PSWS #1   Northern Zambales, Tarlac, Nueva Ecija, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, Aurora, Pangasinan, Calamianes Group of Islands                                                                 Samar, Eastern Samar, Biliran, Leyte, Northern Cebu, Aklan, Capiz   NONE

Retirement

[Aerial photo shows the damage of Typhoon Nina to the communities of Camarines Sur.] PAGASA announced that _Nina_ had removed from their naming lists, because it had caused over ₱1 billion in damages; subsequently on January 17, 2017, PAGASA announced that they selected _Nika_ to supersede _Nina_ for the 2020 season. On the other hand, during the 49th annual session of the ESCAP/WMO Typhoon Committee during 2017, they announced that the _Nock-ten_ had also removed from the naming lists. In March 2018, the Typhoon Committee officially chose _Hinnamnor_ as its replacement name.[40]

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title: Typhoon Nock-ten

question: What is Typhoon Nock-ten known as in the Philippines?

answer: Typhoon Nina.

question: When did the Japan Meteorological Society first notice the storm?

answer: December 20, 2016.

question: How many people are confirmed to have died?

answer: 13.

question: Where did the storm finally dissipate?

answer: The South China Sea.

question: Write a ~7 sentence summary.

answer: Typhoon Nock-ten, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Nina, was the strongest Christmas Day tropical cyclone worldwide in terms of 1-minute sustained winds. It first formed as a tropical depression and intensified into the twenty-sixth storm of the annual typhoon season on the 21st of December in 2016. December 20, the Japan Meteorological Agency started to monitor a tropical depression that had developed, about to the southeast of Yap Island in the Federated States of Micronesia. It would go on to be third typhoon to have significant damage on the Philippines. Nock-ten had made eight landfalls on the Philippines before weakening rapidly because of the contact with bodies of land, entering the South China Sea on the 26th of December, and dissipated by the 28th because of a monsoon. Thirteen people are known to have been killed by this storm, and damage upwards of $127.5 million USD was sustained. Due in large to the financial aspect, the Japan Meteorological Association retired the names Nock-ten and Nina.


text:
BOROUGH PARK was a rugby league and greyhound racing stadium on Princess Street in Blackpool, Lancashire.

Origins

In 1963 a new home was built for the Blackpool Borough rugby league team between Princess Street to the north and Rigby Road to the south next to a gas works.[1]

Rugby league

Rugby league was held at the stadium from 1963 until 1987.[2]

Greyhound racing

Greyhound racing arrived on 28 April 1967 with the racing being independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club). The track hosted one of the biggest independent races in the country called the Blackpool Derby and the seaside track ran every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evening with an additional fixture on Saturday evenings during summer.[3]

The track had an 'Outside Sumner' hare system and fourteen bookmakers on course. In 1968 new American type lighting was installed at the cost of £5,000 and one year later a new totalisator was installed.[4]

By the late 1980s race distances were 250, 593 and 765 metres on a 363 metres circumference circuit.[5]

Closure

The greyhound racing ended in 1998 and the stadium was demolished by the council to make way for a cinema complex.

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title: Borough Park, Blackpool

question: What is Borough Park?

answer: A rugby league and greyhound racing stadium on Princess Street in Blackpool, Lancashire.

question: When was rugby league held at the stadium?

answer: From 1963 until 1987.

question: When did Greyhound racing arrive at the stadium?

answer: 28 April 1967.

question: When was the stadium closed?

answer: 1998.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The article is about a rugby league and greyhound racing stadium on Princess Street in Blackpool Lancashire.


text: As they both dance together they constantly heard whispering mostly the fact that people thought because of the dance that they will be back together. Sadly this was not the case. Even though he ask her for a dance solely from pure kindness he knew he still loved her but he didn't know that she still love him. They both loved each other but would not admit. They both wanted forget what they have but found out that it was bigger than them. They spend a long time together that even if they wanted they could not forget the time they spent together and neither will their classmate.

title: The Dance (Incomplete) and suggestion or feedback will be appreciated

question: What does this story seem to be alluding towards?

answer: This story seems to be alluding towards a break-up.


text:
According to the Annisul Huq's plan, all private bus operators would be merged to six conglomerates MAHMUD HOSSAIN OPU/DHAKA TRIBUNE

Three million passengers take the bus in Dhaka city every day. But each of the 6,000 buses in the city carry only 500 passengers daily, owing to the indiscipline and traffic policy

The government is planning to begin franchising the transport system in Dhaka on a pilot basis within 15 days, in -line with a plan envisioned by the late mayor of Dhaka north Annisul Huq.

The decision came from a meeting titled ‘Disciplined bus service system in Dhaka’ held at the Secretariat on Tuesday, presided over by Local Government Division Secretary Zafar Ahmed.

“A committee was formed at the meeting to chalk out the new bus transportation model,” said an official who participated in the meeting, requesting anonymity.

“Dhaka South City Corporation Mayor Sayeed Khokon will convene the team and Dhaka Transport Coordination Authority Executive Director Khandokar Rafiqul Islam will serve as member secretary,” the official said.

The meeting was held on short notice following a directive from the Prime Minister’s Office.

The government has been working for two years on a new franchised transport system in Dhaka to bring discipline to public transport, popularly known as the colour-coded bus service, which will be operated by six bus companies.

After massive demonstrations by thousands of school and college students demanding road safety, the government has put the franchised transport system for Dhaka on fast track.

The idea of colour-coded buses was first proposed by the late Dhaka north mayor Annisul Huq to remodel Dhaka’s broken transport system.

“We have already prepared an action plan to implement the colour-coded bus service,” said Dhaka Transport Coordination Authority (DTCA) Executive Director Khandokar Rafiqul Islam.

“The service will start between the Shahjalal International Airport and Motijheel before Eid-ul-Azha on a pilot basis,” he added.

The DTCA is planning to run the service in liaison with the existing bus companies.

More than a dozen bus companies are currently operating on the Airport to Motijheel route, including an air-conditioned line of buses.

[]

The DTCA has already called a meeting to discuss the plan with the bus operators today.

“DTCA has invited us to join a meeting tomorrow (Wednesday) at DSCC Nagar Bhaban, but our executive body has a meeting scheduled for the same time. So it will be difficult to meet DTCA,” Khandakar Enayet Ullah, secretary, Bangladesh Road Transport Owners Association said on Tuesday.

He said: “We were never against the franchising system, but the government is yet to offer us a proper model.”

According to Annisul Huq’s plan, all private bus operators would be merged to six conglomerates that would operate their buses on the 22 major routes instead of the existing hundred plus bus routes around the city. He had proposed a colour code for each of the six companies - orange, blue, maroon, pink, violet and green.

The DTCA once planned to implement the model across the city, but failed to get a response from the bus owners.

Early this year, the DTCA planned to make a separate lane for the colour-coded buses on the Airport-Motijheel route. But they do not have enough time to create a lane for the pilot run.

As per the latest plan, the pilot service will cover almost 15km of commute from Dhaka Airport to Motijheel, with 10 stoppages including Khilkhet, Kuril, Badda, Rampura and Khilgaon. If the pilot project becomes successful, the service will gradually be extended to other areas in Dhaka soon.

Transport expert Prof Shamsul Huq told the Dhaka Tribune: “The decision of piloting is wrong, because we already have examples of a franchising system. The transport system in Gulshan area is much disciplined, as a single company operates buses there. We have a similar experience in Hatirjheel.”

“If the DTCA starts this trial, there is a chance it will fail because the proposed route overlaps other routes. Some buses coming from the Airport enter the Gulshan Link Road from Pragati Sarani, some go straight to Mohakhali, and get to Motijheel via the Mouchak-Malibagh route,” he added.

“So it can never be possible to see the real scenario by franchising a single route,” he added.

“When rickshaws were franchised, it happened not only in Gulshan but the total zone including Banani, Baridhara and Niketon,” he added.

Since mayor Annisul’s death, negotiations with transport owners have slowed down and the DTCA has been unable to convince them despite many meetings.

The initiative however, has got a boost following the orders from the PMO.

DTCA officials said if bus owners refuse to join the franchise, it will start the trial run with the state-owned Bangladesh Road Transport Corporation’s buses.

The franchise system has seen success in many densely populated cities around the world. According to one study, only 3,600 franchised buses in Mumbai, India’s largest city carry an average of 4.8 million passengers every day, translating to 1,333 passengers per bus.

According to a study by Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology’s (Buet) civil engineering department, three million passengers take the bus in Dhaka city every day. But each of the 6,000 buses in the city carries only 500 passengers daily, owing to the indiscipline and traffic policy.

DNCC under Annisul had considered both these studies while drawing up the colour-coded bus plan in 2016.

It had stipulated that only 4,000 buses could carry all passengers in Dhaka if brought under a franchised system, solving a lot of traffic problems.

question: What is going to happen with the bus transport system in Dhaka?

answer: A new transportation model will be adapted by Dhaka; a color-coded bus service to be operated by six bus companies.

question: Why is there a need to reform the bus system in Dhaka?

answer: Thousands of students (including college students) have taken part in massive demonstrations demanding for road safety.

question: How with the new system change from the current one?

answer: The new color coded system will see small private buses being merged into one of the six bus companies. This will then simplify and organize existing routes -the one over-100 routes will be streamlined into 22 major routes that are color coded.

question: What is the reaction to the new plan?

answer: Some private owners and companies with established routes are against the plan; stating some of the planned routes overlap with existing ones and that there are areas where the operations of buses are more disciplined since it is managed only by a single company.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: In response to a massive demonstration by students asking for safer bus transportation, the city of Dhaka will be adapting a new transportation model that will see over 100 bus routes streamlined to just 22 and managed by 6 bus companies. However, not all are pleased with the plan, some private bus operators and other companies do not support it.


text:
**BACKSTORY**

Thousands of years in the future, genetic engineering has advanced to the point where the upper-echelons of society can afford both immortality and perfect genetics. Bionic joints/muscles and steel bones give these super-rich ultra-strength, and even their children are astoundingly muscular and easily 100 times stronger than a child from today's standards. Societies of these bio-engineered humans become increasingly violent and elitist, and eventually leave Earth to inhabit another planet (presumably Mars) after developing an apocalyptic obsession with Greek and Roman culture/mythology. These people truly believe that they are Gods and “chosen ones”.

Our story revolves around a young man from this “New Planet” named Heracles. This man’s father (a super-child and 'Chosen One' living on Mars) had fallen in love with a girl named Sadie at a young age. Sadie was a “normal” human and outcast who, through a medical anomaly, was not born with these new freak-genetics and instead is similar to the people of the “Old World”, Earth. She is quite literally the most physically-weak person on the planet, although she is extremely intelligent.
After a secret relationship involving Heracles father that lasted many years, Sadie became pregnant with Heracles and eventually gives birth. Heracles resembles his mother, and is the smallest boy to be born on this new planet. Although he lacks physical strength, however, Heracles possesses an intelligence that far surpasses anyone else in the New World. Heracles later finds out that he received this gift of intelligence from his mother.
My story will pull many parallels to the story of Hercules, a man born of a God (Zeus) and a mortal (Alcmene).

***Virtus***

*Some have the strength to push a rock,*

*but the strongest of men have the strength to pull away*

*from someone they have loved for days.*

As the sun ascended atop the barren valley, I was awoken by the faint growling of a Jeep in the dusty, unreachable distance. My malnourished body shivered as I stared at the stone ceiling, hanging cold and bleak above my head. It took all of my strength to roll over and view the meager remains of the fire I had constructed the night before in an attempt to give warmth to my make-shift desert shelter. I sat up gingerly and paid thought to the acts Prometheus, a God that was revered and worshiped with an outright obsession in my culture. Most people on the New Planet viewed the gift of fire as an absolute wonder and marvel of unrivaled glory. I, however, viewed the guns and swords of man in bitterness. It seemed to me that these fire-forged weapons were borne into the world with the sole intention to destroy and conquer.  My humble residence was devoid of all luxuries save a Colt x87 Plasma Pistol and a weathered diary belonging to my father. Besides daily hunting and foraging, my days were mostly spent divulged in the delicate pages of the old book attempting to piece together the dusty and confusing events that had placed me in my current disposition. I clicked on the flashlight that laid patiently besides my bed and began to make out the fading letters my father had penned so many years ago:

**September 23, 2877**

Where I come from, everyone is strong. I can starkly remember the frigid air piercing my nostrils as I competed in the annual *Elit Virtus* competition at the tender age of eight years old. What a spectacle it was to witness boys of such youth achieving physical feats of Olympic grandeur. I was a marvel when it came to the Rolling Rock Event, handling a two-ton piece of stone as one would choose a rock to skip across still and patient waters. In the midst of the competition I recalled flipping the pages of my history book merely hours prior, reading of the children of the Old Planet. I felt nothing but pity for my cousins of a lost day; their strongest of my age were mortally brittle and utterly incomparable to the physical wonders my peers. Even the girls were stout, muscular, and offensively vascular in physical appearance. Truly I say every one of us were genetic marvels of *The Great Re-Engineering*.

Amidst the cascades of perspiration my concentration was pulverized by a pair of pretty, piercing eyes belonging to a girl named Sadie. She was astoundingly petite in contrast to the other girls, an anomaly that branded her as an outcast in a global village of physical behemoths. The Elders looking down upon Sadie with a shame so venomous that even the most casual of her acquaintances were questioned in confusion and disgust for their intentions to interact with the girl. There was not a soul at the school that would call themselves a friend of Sadie, and for this reason our veiled intimacy was kept all-the-more under wraps. To me, Sadie was different. She was most intelligent girl I had ever met. If I had known at the time the inevitable turmoil that would precipitate from the storm of our love, truly I tell you I would have walked away. Unfortunately, it wasn’t that easy.

title: The beginning of a short story I'm beginning to write, 'Virtus'.

question: Summarize everything related to Earth.

answer: The bioengineered humans have left Earth for a new planet. They left due to their own social violence, and refer to Earth as the 'Old Planet." It is associated with humans who are not bioengineered.

question: Summarize everything relating to bioengineering.

answer: Thousands of years in the future the higher classes of humanity are bioengineered and immortal. They are incredibly strong and dwarf humans from the old planet. Even the children are easily 100 times stronger than the children of today.

question: Why does no one want to talk to Sadie?

answer: Sadie was born with a defect which makes her normal. She is very petite and weak compared to everyone else. However, she is also very smart. The elders discourage anyone from talking to her because they are disgusted by her.

question: Describe the motif of Greco-Roman mythology in the story.

answer: The main character of the story will be named Heracles, according to the author's note at the beginning. However in this story, Heracles is weak not strong. The author is playing against the older story and says that this story will parallel it. The Elit Virtus reflect the ancient Olypmic games, and we are meant to contrast Greek athleticism with the bioengineering of the humans on the new planet. Likewise, Prometheus appears as a reference to "fire stolen from the gods" which in this case is bioengineering technology. What reason the bioengineered humans developed "an apocalyptic obsession with Greek and Roman mythology" is unclear, but it works for the story.


text:
DILARAM KHANUM (, also spelled Del Aram or Delaram; died c. 1647) was a Safavid crown princess of Georgian origin. A concubine, she was the second wife of Safavid crown prince Mohammad Baqer Mirza, and the mother of King Safi ( 1629–1642).

Life

According to Prof.David Blow, in 1632 a court intrigue came to light that involved opposition to Safi's rule originating in the king's harem. This resulted in the king's ordering the massacre of forty women of the harem as well as the blinding and killing of almost all the sons of the daughters of Abbas I ( 1588–1629). Prior to the 1632 event, one of AbbasI's aunts, Zeynab Begum, was the leading female in the harem. After the event, Dilaram became the most influential matriarch. When Dilaram's son Safi died in 1647, he was succeeded by her grandson, who was known by his regnal name of AbbasII ( 1642–1666). In the early years of AbbasII's reign, when he was still young, grand vizier Saru Taqi functioned as his regent, with Dilaram's strong support.

Sponsorings

Dilaram Khanum sponsored the construction of two schools, in 1645/6 and 1647/8 respectively. The “Jaddeh caravanserai” (Jaddeh means grandmother) in Isfahan, constructed during the vizierate of Saru Taqi and being one of the largest in the city, referred to Dilaram Khanum, the grandmother of king Abbas II. In total, there are two caravanserais in Isfahan that are attributed to Dilaram Khanum's sponsoring.

title: Dilaram Khanum

question: Who was Dilaram Khanum?

answer: Dilaram Khanum was a Safavid crown princess of Georgian origin. She was the second wife of Safavid crown prince Mohammad Baqer Mirza and the mother of King Safi.

question: What role did Dilaram play under Safi's rule?

answer: Dilaram was an influential matriarch when her son ruled.

question: After her son, Safi, died, what was Dilaram's role?

answer: Under her grandson's, Abbasll, reign, the grand vizier Saru Taqi functioned as his regent with Dilaram's strong support.

question: What was Dilaram supportive of?

answer: She supported the construction of 2 schools.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Dilaram Khanum was a Safavid crown princess of Georgian origin. She was the second wife of Safavid crown prince Mohammad Baqer Mirza and the mother of King Safi. She was an influential matriarch during the reign of her son, Safi.


text:
DATE : 11/09/2016
VENUE : STADIO ADRIATICO-GIOVANNI CORNACCHIA
COMPETITION : SERIE A 2016/2017, MATCHDAY 3
THE STARTING LINE UPS:

[14333137_10210477737560618_4018745768866436347_n]

Inter left the pitch for the first time with a smile as Mauro Icardi’s stoppage time goal, his second of the night, gave them a much needed win, against a very well drilled and confident Pescara side.

PESCARA’S DEFENSE

What shaped a big part of the game was how the biancazzurri defended.

Massimo Oddo’s team defended in a 4-3-2-1, that already from its “nature” is a formation heavily focused on the centre of the field, leaving spaces on the wings for the opposition to attack through (see image below).

[pescarainter1]

Miranda and Murillo were most of the time free to initiate Inter’s build-up, with Caprari focusing primarily on closing Medel from being a passing option. Then, with no central options to pass to and Caprari closing down on them the nerazzurri CBs were forced to pass the ball to the wing where Pescara was ready to press using the sideline of the pitch for help.

This Pescara focus on the centre, and the free wings that were a result of this (even if they were used as a kind of pressing trap as mentioned above), shaped Inter’s offensive strategy, that was much less centre focused compared to the previous game against Palermo.

This change of focus during the build-up phase was obvious when, even with Medel free to receive the ball in the centre of the field, the CBs were not passing to him as there was no structure near him for him to combine after the pass, and there was a risk of him losing possession after a possible collapse of the Pescara midfielders on him.
This lack of structure around the Chilean was due to fact that Joao Mario and Banega were positioned much closer to the wings in order to combine and provide support to the winger and FB of each side.

[Joao Mario and Banega were much more focused on providing support to the wing players. The Argentinian was especially dangerous moving with much more freedom between the lines.]
Joao Mario and Banega were much more focused on providing support to the wing players. The Argentinian was especially dangerous moving with much more freedom between the lines.
Thus, a simple diagonal ball from the CBs or a change of sides meant that 2vs2 situations were created on the wings, with players like Candreva and Perisic always having an advantage against their markers due to their quality, being responsible for creating some of the most dangerous moments during the first half.

INTER’S DEFENSE, A REASON FOR CONCERN?

Although Inter conceded a goal due to a careless loss of possession and a defensive mistake that followed it, being also very unstable on the negative transition fase through which Pescara became very dangerous with their fast paced counterattacking, it is Inter’s midfield line during defense that we need to take a look at, especially considering that a match against one the best sides in Europe (at least on paper) is going to take place next weekend.

As Inter defended in a 4-4-2, with Banega next to Icardi, trying to force the ball towards the side where closest winger was ready to press the opposition FB upon receiving the ball, there were only two players, Medel and Joao Mario responsible for protecting the central areas, against a Pescara side that was creating numerical superiorities constantly by dropping one of the front three in order to create a 3vs2 and break Inter’s press.

This last tactic by Oddo’s team combined with the fact that the two abovementioned Inter midfielders were not defending strictly space, but were man-oriented, meaning that they were marking the opponent in their area of responsibility, meant that situations like the one below were created.

[pescarainter3]

As we can see in this situation, both the Portuguese and the Chilean are focused on the player nearest to them, as a space is created between them for Verre to drop in and receive the ball, and after a quick turn start running in front of the unprotected CBs.

It was a situation that appeared three or four times, with Inter never paying the price, as their opponents either didn’t have good choices or their execution was very poor.

One has to question though, what would have happened if the player receiving the ball in a situation like the above, was not Verre but Dybala or Higuain?

It will be very interesting to see if de Boer will continue with this way of defending or we will see a three man midfield with a DM between the lines for the match against Juventus.

DE BOER’S BET PAYS OFF

With Pescara leading 1-0, in the 75th minute de Boer brought in three forwards, Palacio, Jovetic and Eder, replacing Medel, Perisic and Candreva.

The team was now playing in a 4-2-4/ 4-2-1-3 depending on Palacio’s movement who was moving everywhere in order to combine, interchange positions with the wingers or simply drop to help J.Mario and Banega who were the only midfielders left with the build-up.

As Pescara became more aware and defensive, dropping their defensive line lower, in their attempt to keep their lead, Inter had the opportunity to stretch the field, forcing Pescara in a 6-3-1 shape as their wingers followed Inter’s FBs, and find more spaces in the inside channels for Banega to receive the ball. These free areas together with the Argentinian’s less advanced position gave him more time and space to cross or make much more dangerous vertical pass towards the penalty area, making the Milanese team much more dangerous, and assisting Icardi for his first goal.

In the end the Argentinian will take advantage of Aquilani’s and Gyomber’s mistakes and give his team a much needed win.
CONCLUSION

A win is a win, even if it is won with half a goal, and especially this time it was a huge psychological relief for a team that after what happened during the summer cannot get away from the pressure and overly critical eye of the media craze.

Inter was once again improved when it came to combining in the offensive third but wasted possession easily and were very fragile in defensive transition, things that will prove destructive against Juventus.

For more Inter and non-Inter related Tactical Analysis, you can find me on Twitter, @ThanosChelas.

question: What is the article about?

answer: The article is a detailed account of a football game on 11/9/2016.

question: What is the "biancazzurri"?

answer: It's not perfectly clear, but it seems biancazzurri is a nickname for one of the teams playing.

question: How did the winning team win?

answer: They won by half a goal.

question: Who is Pescara?

answer: A football player

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The article is a detailed account of a football game on 11/9/2016.


text:
This month, our inky journey continues to Poland, which happens to be the home of Konrad Zurawski, maker and namesake of KWZ INKS.

Konrad has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from the Warsaw University of Technology and has been manufacturing his own inks since 2012. The interest started out innocent enough. As a fountain pen enthusiast, he wanted to increase the saturation in one of his inks. After doing some research into making his own home-made iron gall ink, he started a hobby that would lead to building a world renown brand of fountain pen inks.

[inkjournal ink flight reveal swabs and swatches water test]

KWZ is primarily known for a large selection of iron gall inks, as well as a unique set of colors that sometimes can share a distinct fragrance.

Iron gall inks are new to our Ink Flight, so we wanted to give our travelers a head's up on using iron gall safely in their fountain pen. For more information about iron gall inks, check out our pen safety page, which includes quoted information from Konrad's writing.

[KWZ ink samples swatches and writing samples]

Here is a run down of all the colors in this month's flight:

HONEY

Oh, how sweet it is. KWZ is best known for this golden brown ink with deliciously smoky shading. On a personal note, I was searching for this ink last year at the DC Pen show, but Vanness pens had run out of their 30+ bottle supply on Friday. Yes, it's _that_ popular! I'm super glad I've got a bunch of it, now!

AZURE #3

This super wet, saturated electric blue has a mysterious dark purple sheen. It flows like the lapping waves of the deep blue sea. KWZ sometimes numbers their inks to indicate a slightly different formulation of the same color. This #3 is a winner in my (note) book.

OLD GOLD

This golden yellow is lightly saturated but packs plenty of dramatic shading. It reminded me of last month's Robert Oster Caffe Crema, which was a favorite of mine as well.

MENTHOL GREEN

This is a refreshing and vibrant spearmint green with a hint of blue. It has a clean scent to it that matches appropriately with its color.

BROWN PINK

Another fan favorite of KWZ, this ink is a warm, dusty, dark pink that has smoky shading. This is one of those unique hues that you can only find from this manufacturer.

IRON GALL GUMMIBERRY

This rich, saturated purple is a lovely eggplant color that dries darker after sitting on the page for some time.

BONUS COLOR - IRON GALL TURQUOISE

This "turquoise" is closer to a teal blue that dries darker and carries a noticeable degree of shading.

Here are my personal favorites:

Honey, Brown Pink, Azure #3

And the not-so-favorites:

Iron Gall Turquoise, Menthol Green

[kwz ink sample swatches with Clairefontaine my essentials journal in tan brown cover]

As for the surprise mystery item in our Ink Flight Box, we introduced inky travelers to the new Clairefontaine My Essentials Journal. When looking for the utmost best in paper quality for a bullet journal, lab book or work journal, the Clairefontaine has got the good stuff! The "My Essentials" format closely resembles the format of a Leuchtturm "bullet journal" type notebook. It has index pages in the front, numbered pages, a set of perforated pages in the back, inside pockets, page ribbon marker, and a grid inner page format.

To help get you kicked into high gear with a solid journaling habit, we created an accompanying companion guide called "Project Phillip." This downloadable PDF is a 6-page helper in getting into a journaling habit while providing you with tips and prompts to get your mind fluid and the pen primed to write. Project Phillip can be downloaded here.

I'd love to read your thoughts on April's Ink Flight. What did you think of the colors? Which inks do you think you would NEED a bottle of after sampling them? Which ones didn't "do it" for you? What do you think of the journal? If you downloaded Project Phillip, did you print it out and write using some of the ideas? If so, do you think they were useful and helped you write more or better?

GIVEAWAY OPPORTUNITY (USA SHIPPING ADDRESSES ONLY)

Comment below with your thoughts on the KWZ Ink Flight and you will be entered for a chance to win a Clairefontaine My Essentials Journal, your choice of cover color. We will pick one random commenter to win the prize on Wednesday, April 19th at 9:00pm. My sincere apologies to our international friends, we will only ship this giveaway to USA addresses.

question: Who is Konrad Zurawski?

answer: He's an ink maker from Poland, fountain pen enthusiast, and creator of a brand of world renowned fountain pen inks, KWZ INKS.

question: What is an iron gall ink?

answer: The article doesn't include information about what iron gall ink is, but gives a link to read more about it on their "pen safety" page.

question: What is the mystery item in the Ink Flight Box?

answer: The mystery item is the new Clairefontaine My Essentials Journal, a bullet-type journal.

question: Who is the target audience for this piece?

answer: The audience is ink enthusiasts and journalers.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: This essay is an advertisement most likely read by ink enthusiasts and journalers. The piece covers the ink manufactured by Konrad Zurwaski, an ink maker from Poland, fountain pen enthusiast, and creator of a brand of world renowned fountain pen inks, KWZ INKS.


text:
The sky was a dark and amaranthine black. The moon hung in the air, silvered and shining like a freshly minted quarter. The wind blew lightly over the fruited vineyard. A lone man could be seen walking the rows, inspecting the fruit of his hard labor under the pale moon light. His eyes were shown brightly, even more so than the moon, as he caressed the little grape leaves, plucking and pruning those that stood out as he walked.

In the east, there was a flash of light followed by the rumble of its thunder. The old man's head whipped from its admiration of the vines to survey the coming storm. The wind gusted, nearly knocking him over as he turned. And in the distance, but moving quickly, he could see it. A broad funnel of cloud was touching down.

Terror struck his wrinkled face, twisting it into a ghastly shape. He ran back to the little cottage on the hill as fast as his legs could carry him. His plump little wife, sitting in her lounging chair near the fire let out a sharp scream as he burst through the entryway. Without saying a word, he grabbed her and in a flash they were back outside. She too saw the horror that was whipping itself ever closer, and tried with all her might to stay close to her husband.

He flung open the doors of the wine cellar just as the cyclone reached the field. His wife hurried down the stairs while the little old wine maker looked back over his livelihood, said a silent prayer, and closed the door behind himself.

The cellar door rattled and rumbled as the fierce gales passed over the farm, trying with all their might to rip the door from its frame and hinges. Then it was gone.

The little old man and his wife opened the doors and witnessed the wreckage that remained. The house in shambles, with its roof pried away from the walls, and the vines of the field ripped from their rows and cast about in all directions.

In the center of the field, shining in the pale moonlight, stood a single grape vine.

The weathered man ran with all his might, grapes squishing under his feet as he flew to the vine. With hands now wet from rain and purple from his ruined crop, he reached out to inspect the vine. It clung tightly to the posts that were driven into the ground, its little tendrils wrapped fast around the wire fencing between the posts, and a single cluster of grapes swinging gently in the breeze.

He reaped his diminutive harvest, popped a single grape against the roof of his mouth, and as the juice flowed over his tongue, he could taste every hard days work in a blistering sun, and it was sweet.

He cried silently as he shared the small knot of grapes with his wife, thankful for what he had.

title: Purple.

question: Who is the antagonist in the story?

answer: The antagonist in this story is the cyclone.

question: Why do the winemaker and his wife hide in the cellar?

answer: Because the cyclone could uproot their house and kill them. Being underground is safer.

question: Why does the winemaker feel grateful in the end?

answer: He still has a tiny harvest, and it's sweet. Presumably, he's also the sort of person who would look on the brighter side of things.

question: What time period does the story take place?

answer: I don't know. Winemaking is an old tradition, it could be any time in civilized history.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: While checking on the grapes, the winemaker notices the approaching cyclone on the horizon. He runs home to his wife, and both of them go down to the wine cellar, terrified. The cyclone passes, taking the roof of their house with it. In the field of grapes, a single vine stands. The winemaker runs to it and eats one, thankful for what he has.


text:
"jesus christ," my mom said. "gary, ask your mother what temperature to cook this turkey to." the tension was thick. she needed an answer and a cigarette. "i have one recipe that says 165 and another that says 180."

i could tell my dad was wondering why she was following two recipes in the first place, but he knew better than to ask. she'd been putting a lot of effort into feeding a proper thanksgiving dinner to a table of six, and a half-spent pack of marlboro 27s proved the point. she took one outside, he went to find his mother.

"ma?" he asked. "krista wants to know what temp the turkey should be at. 165 or 180?"

"she wants to know what type it is?" grandma jan was hard of hearing.

"no," he said, "what temperature to cook it to."

"oh. well i think it depends on how big it is, doesn't it?"

"mom, she wants to know the temperature. not how long to cook it for."

"well, i can't remember... the last year i cooked a turkey was when we were on arlington."

my dad knew that wasn't true, but he didn't follow up on it. he walked back and poked his head out the door to tell my mom. "she doesn't know," he said.

"ahh, shit," she said as she exhaled smoke through her mouth and nose. she took one last puff and snuffed out the cigarette among a dozen others in a red ash tray resting on the deck railing. "well i don't want to send your whole family home sick. 180 it is." she came in, her stress only partly relieved.

"you don't think that's too high? that seems high," my dad said, following her into the kitchen. "we won't eat 'til saturday for crissakes."

"well 165 seems too low, gary."

"well i don't know what to tell you."

"then i don't know what to tell you, either."

their discussion ended there, leaving the problem mostly unresolved.

meanwhile, i had been watching all of this play itself out. first my mom freaking, then my dad asking, then my grandma forgetting, then my dad telling, then my mom freaking again. all the verbage was amusing, but i thought i could do something to put the issue to rest. so i fucking googled that shit.

"hey mom," i said, "google just told me that 165 is the new standard temp for turkey. 180 was the old one."

"oh, google told you?" she asked. i could tell she was a little surprised by my 'ingenuity' and that she was half doubting google.

"uh, yeah," i said. "here. look."

"18 million pages?'

"yeah. and this one is the most visited of all of them. it says 165."

"oh, cool. alright, cool. well it's time to eat then," she said, walking back into the kitchen. "really nate? google? how did you ever think to check google? and, gosh, who makes 18 million sites about safe turkey temperatures? they must be a bunch of weirdos."

title: My Poor Mother

question: How does the story fit its title?

answer: The story might suit the title "my poor mother" in the sense that the narrator, Nate, described how confused and worried his mother was about making the right decision in preparing a well-cooked turkey for thanksgiving dinner. She had been stressing and working hard to feed a table of six and still couldn't get help with how best to cook the turkey in the oven. Even though she couldn't get help from her mother-in-law, Nate, her son decided to turn to google to help with the answer to the ultimate question for the day.

question: What might have happened if Nate didn't google the right temperature to cook the turkey and his mom went ahead to bake it at 180 degrees?

answer: Since Nate's mother was uncertain of what temperature is ideal for cooking the turkey, she might have stuck with her decision to cook it at 180 degrees, and the turkey might have ended up overcooked.

question: Did Nate really save his mother from serving a thanksgiving disaster turkey?

answer: It is possible he saved dinner from being ruined by simply surfing the internet for the answer to the question no one in their household knew.


text:
You have an idea you want to turn into a business. You're excited. You're driven. You have a dream.

But ideas, excitement, drive and your dream will only take you so far. Here are six questions you MUST ask yourself before you start your business.

Watch on YouTube here: HTTPS://YOUTU.BE/Q3SAVRH2LYC

Most of the time, when people think about being a business owner, they think about flashy cars, money, yachts, money, freedom, money… you get the idea.

What most people don't think about is everything that goes into starting a business. The long hours, the lack of money, the sacrifices, and the hard work.

Ideas are meaningless without hard work. Everyone has ideas, thousands a day, and 99.99% of people do nothing with them.

But…!

If you're one of those people who takes action… if you're willing to put in the work… if you're prepared to do whatever it takes…

Then here are…

6 Questions You MUST Ask Yourself Before Starting a Business

_1: What Problem Will I Solve?_

One of the most important questions you need to ask is

  “What problem will I solve?”

If you cannot answer that question, you will struggle.

The problem can be small or large. The problem could be as simple as people want to buy hand made, custom greeting cards, but they can't find any. That's the problem my mother-in-law solves.

Solve one problem, and be the best at solving it, and you'll be able to start your business.

_2: Who Has This Problem? Who Needs My Business?_

After you know what problem your business will solve, you need to know who has that problem. You'll want to know how many people have it, who they are, and where you can find them.

My recommended tool for answering those questions is THE IDEAL CLIENT AVATAR WORKSHEET FOUND HERE.

If you follow the worksheet and answer all of the questions, you'll know who has your problem, what they buy, why they have the problem and all sorts of other information that you can use to market your solution to them.

_3: Why Do I Care?_

If you don’t care about your business, no one else will either. If you're going to start a business, you must care about the problem, the people who have it, and your solution.

I started my business coaching business because I couldn't stand the idea of people being miserable every morning before they went to a job they hated or that they didn't like. Though the memory is fading, I still remember the anxiety and nausea I felt as I stood over my work computer and logged in.

I never want people to feel like I did. And, I want to show people there's a better way to live life.

_4: How will the lives of my customers be better after doing business with me?_

If you're in business just to make money, you'll fail. There has to be something deeper, something more meaningful if you want to succeed. And, that often centers around making the lives of your customers and clients better.

Obviously, unless you're a sociopath, you don't want to make the lives of your clients worse. But making people happy might not be what you think of when you think about starting a business.

If you start a restaurant, you might make their life better by filling your clients' stomachs with healthy and delicious food. If you're an accountant, you might not just want to help people file their taxes, but to save money or get a larger return too.

_How will your clients be better after they buy from you? How can you go above and beyond what's expected and deliver an experience that brings joy?_

_5: What Am I Willing to Sacrifice to Make My Dream a Reality?_

The other day, one of my mastermind clients told me that he never really understood what sacrifice meant. He said that he “got the concept,” but hadn't really experienced it until he started his business.

Before starting a business, make a list of everything you do in a week. Don't just list your activities for a day, but try to log everything you do in a typical seven day period.

After you've done that, make a second list of things that you're willing to give up, stop doing, or could live without while you build your business. Starting a business will cost more time, money, energy, friendships, and resources than you think it will, and you WILL have to make sacrifices.

To be honest, not all of my clients leave my coaching and mastermind program with a business. The people who don't leave the program with a clear path forward often see the things they'll have to sacrifice and grab onto them instead of letting them go.

They decide their dream of starting a business is not worth the hard work and sacrifices it will take to make that dream a reality.

And, also honestly, that's 100% okay.

For me to become a really great golfer, I'd have to spend money on lessons, practice several times a week, and say no to other fun things that I'd like to do. So I just play bad golf. Starting a business is the same way; some people would just rather do other things.

_6: Why Haven't I Started Yet?_

Ok, finally, if you've answered all of the other questions, there's only one left.

If you know the problem you're going to solve, and you know who has the problem you're solving and where you can find them…

If you're clear on what motivates you to fix this problem and you know how you're going to make the world a better place with your product…

And you understand the amount of effort, energy and sacrifice that it will take to get started and to keep going…

The only question that's left is: _Why haven't you started yet!?_

question: What does the text say about ideas?

answer: The text claims that ideas can only take you so far, and are meaningless without hard work. Most people have many ideas, but don't do anything with them. With your ideas you can find a problem, who has the problem, and learn how to solve it for them. This is how ideas can be turned into an actual business.

question: What does the text say about problems?

answer: The author believes one of the most important questions in regards to starting a business is asking "what problem will I solve". The problem can be large or small, and it doesn't need to be more than one problem. If you're the best at solving it, you'll be able to start the business. It's also important to find who has the problem, how to solve it, and to care about it. Paired with figuring out what motivates you to solve the problem, you have the recipe for starting that business.

question: Summarize how a business owner can make the lives of their clients better?

answer: The author believes that centering your business around making the lives of your customers and clients better is crucial. Making your client happier is crucial. Whether it's working in a restaurant or working with taxes, going a bit beyond to make your customers happy is important. The author started their business because they didn't want people in the work place to be unhappy like them. If you want to help people and make the world a better place with your product, then you are heading in the right direction.

question: What does the text say about business loans?


text:
ELSE HAUGK (1889–1973) was the first Swiss woman to earn a pilot's licence. After training in the north of Germany, she received Swiss licence No. 48 on 11 May 1914 and German licence No. 785 on 6 June 1914.[1][2]

Biography

Born in Zurich on 10 June 1889, Haugk was the daughter of a family of merchants. Her father, Theodor Haugk, was from Munich and her mother, Elise Brandstetter, a native of Zurich. She was a bright child with extensive interests, especially technology, literature and painting. She attended secondary school in Munich and studied painting in Dachau under Adolf Hölzel. She also studied art in Zurich under Ferdinand Hodler.[3]

She was so fascinated by the German plane competition in nearby Konstanz in May 1912 that she immediately decided she wanted to become a pilot herself. It was there that she met her future husband Oberstleutnant Martin von Oldershausen who was one of the event's organizers. It was he who introduced her to Karl Caspar in Hamburg who owned the Hanseatic Aeroplane Works and ran a civil flying school. She began training in the winter of 1913–14, meeting the requirements of the Swiss pilot licensing authority on 11 May 1914, thereby becoming the first licensed female Swiss pilot. The Swiss Aeroclub registered her as Pilot No. 48. Shortly afterwards she succeeded in passing the German pilot's test in Hamburg's Fuhlsbüttel aerodrome on 6 June 1914 flying a Hansa-Taube monoplane. She received Licence No. 785 from the German Pilots Association.[4]

After the First World War broke out in late July 1914, she trained to become a nurse and worked in Hamburg, caring for wounded pilots. During the war she met von Oldershauen once again in Cologne. After his first wife died in July 1917, they married on 5 June 1918. In addition to two daughters from his first marriage, Haugk raised the two sons born during her own marriage. Her younger son, Bernhard, died in the Second World War but the older Hans Felch von Oldershausen emigrated to Chile after the war. Haugk joined him there in 1952 and took up flying again using Concepción as a base for flying over the Andes.[5]

In the mid-1950s, she returned with her son to Germany, settling in Frauenalb in the Black Forest where she returned to painting. She died there on 6 December 1973.[6]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

title: Else Haugk

question: When and where was Else Haugk born?

answer: Haugk was born in Zurich on June 10 1889.

question: When did Haugk die?

answer: She died on December 6 1973.

question: When did Haugk receive her Swiss pilot license?

answer: She received her Swiss license No. 48 on May 11 1914.

question: When did Haugk receive her German pilot license?

answer: She received her German license No.785 on June 6 1914.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article is about the life of Else Haugk, the first Swiss woman to earn a pilot's license.


text:
Hi! I was trying to make this neither a poem or a short story, or maybe both at the same time? I'm obviously not very skilled. This is my first draft and I would love some tips if you've got a moment. Thanks.

~           ~             ~

Deep within the city of Piraeus the moon glowed with soft light. Merchants from Athens sold their wares free from the heat, and that comfort gave them much delight. Then appeared a young girl holding a basket no more than twelve. She walked up to a herbalist, and pointed to a shelve. The lass' red riding cloak fluttered softly in a breeze, and after the wind stopped it settled down around her knees. “Take this thyme, and your grandma will be just fine, now don't you dare offer me money, I wouldn't accept a dime.” Said a women to the girl. As quickly as she came, she was off in a whirl. Nearby atop a stone brick bathhouse a fowl and terrible creature perched. It's eyes darted back and forth like it was conducting research.

The young girl walked down a brick path and scanned dark corners for trouble. There were footsteps behind her so she picked up her pace on the double. The footsteps quickened like a downhill rolling boulder. The girl in the red cloak gasped as a hand latched down on to her shoulder. “Stay away!” yelled the girl in fear. From the shadows wearing a guard uniform the hand's owned appeared. “Little Red, what are you doing this late and all alone?” Asked the guard to the girl in a melodious tone. “I was at the market, getting something for my grandmother!” Quipped the girl to the guard without even a stutter. “Fine take your leave!” Spoke the guard like thunder. “But don't cry to me, when a mugger rips you asunder.”

Off strolled the mysterious girl clad in red. Unfortunately she wasn't aware of the beast that wanted her dead. Near the edge of the city was her home, it looked tranquil only at night when few stirred. Little Red spotted a cat, and smiled when he purred. She scratched behind his ears and he huffed acting lazy and fat. The sound was like music for an eavesdropping rat. Moving on, the girl took her basket and went inside. Waiting in the darkness the creature did hide.

The little girl approached her sick grandmother's bed. She had words in her mind but despite her best efforts they remained unsaid. In the dim light of the room the girl felt something was wrong. It's smelled as if something just didn't belong. She starred at her grandmother and saw a glow in her eyes. “I have medicine now, you'll be better by sunrise.” Just then it occurred to the girl she was in danger. “Grandma your eyes oh my, well I've never...”

“All the better for seeing you, my dear.” Growled a voice mired and queer.“Your tone. What happened?” Little Red said austere. “Just the flu sweet child, come closer” She said as she  gestured. “Your teeth grandmother. They've gone and festered.”
“All the better for eating you, my dear.” Little Red's eyes widen in panic, and she was filled with fear.

Just then wood splintered and crashed. The guard from earlier reappeared in a flash. The creature turned and it attacked. It's claws were menacing and it's aim was exact. Everything ended with a spear to it's chest. The creature was slain and later put to rest. Little Red thanked the guard, and then cried for her grandma. Only when she spotted her basket from earlier, did her expression change from sad to awe. She reached inside and withdrew a small green plant. “May this thyme grant me courage now that my grandmother can't,”  said the twelve year old girl, quietly in her head. Little Red pondered who her surrogate family could be, and came up with only despair and dread.

title: Once Upon Some Thyme

question: Is the woman pretending to her grandmother?

answer: Yes. It was a creature pretending to be the girl's grandmother.

question: Does the little girl survive?

answer: Yes.

question: Are the girl and grandmother alone?

answer: Yes, until the guard arrives to save the girl.

question: Is all of it the little girl's dream?

answer: No. It is reality.

question: Write a ~6 sentence summary.

answer:
Little Red is pacing down the street of Piraeus to buy medicine for her sick grandmother. The herbalist gives her thyme and the little girl runs towards her home. On her way a guard stops her to question why she was out late and alone, the girl responds.

She reaches home and senses danger as her grandmother looks and speaks differently. Just when the old lady is about to attack the guard barges in and saves the little girl from the creature. The girl sits wondering who her surrogate family would be.


text:
ALEXEY YURIEVICH KHOTIN (, ) is a Russian businessman of Belarusian origin, considered one of the richest men in Russia: Forbes magazine lists him to be the 95th[1] in its Russian Top-100 rating as of 2016.

He is involved in many various business activities such as banking, realty, oil & gas production and other industries.

Biography and family

Khotin was born on May 21, 1974 in Minsk (then in Belorussian SSR). In 1991 he graduated from Minsk Suvorov Military School. In 1997 he also graduated from Plekhanov Russian University of Economics.

Khotin is known to maintain (or hold) many of his businesses together with his father, Yuri Khotin.[2] Khotin is married and has two children.

Business

[Former Soviet “Hotel Moscow”, situated between Moscow Kremlin and State Duma, one of the Khotin's most famous assets] He is known as holder and maintainer of many various businesses which include famous Four Seasons Hotel Moscow (former Soviet “Hotel Moscow” situated next to Moscow Kremlin). He also was reported to possess shopping center Gorbushkin Dvor,[3] formerly known as Gorbushka, famous among many Russians in 1990s for selling music disks (later it was revealed that its actual owner is Khotin's business partner Sergey Podlisetsky, but Khotin did help him to acquire it[4]).

Overall, Khotin family is reported to control over 30 real-estate objects in Moscow with a total area of 1.8 million square metres.[5]

Since 1996, Khotin was involved in several industrial activities: military equipment, chemical feedstock, FMCG and food. Within these activities, he is reported to create about 30 enterprises with more than 8000 work places.

From 2001 to 2003 he served as Vice President of Moscow Association of Organizations of Chemical Complex.

In 2011, he was reported to acquire major stock in Exillon Energy oil company[6] which operates in Northern Russian regions and is listed at London Stock Exchange. He also controls an oil company called Dulisma, holds stakes in Kuwait Energy and other hydrocarbon mining companies. Oil production of Khotin's companies as of 2016 amounts at near 2.5 million tons per year.[7]

He is also reported to hold nowadays more than a half of Jugra Bank through Swiss/Cyprus company Radamant Financial.[8] Jugra Bank is named after Russian northern Yugra region where big amounts of oil and gas are mined. As of 2016 the bank is considered to be the 30th largest in Russia.

Vedomosti newspaper emphasizes that Khotin family has ties with many of the top Russian officials, and these ties are likely to positively influence on their businesses. The newspaper also say the family members generally refuse to talk to mass media.[9]

In 2020, it was reported that Khotin's Yugra Bank transferred at least $330 million to Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas in New York between 2012-2013.[10]

Sponsorship in sports

Khotin is a sportsman and holds the title of Master of Sports in swimming. He finances several sports organizations: International Sambo Federation, All-Russian Practical Shooting Federation, Dynamo Mini-football Club and the Night Hockey League (the latter was founded in 2011 by Vladimir Putin[11]).

[1]  http://www.forbes.ru/profile/315189-hotin

[2]

[3] Jugra Bank reveals its affiliates — RBC News, 12.01.2016

[4]  https://www.bfm.ru/news/352785

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]  http://www.vedomosti.ru/realty/articles/2016/05/30/642862-semya-hotinih

[10]

[11]

title: Alexey Khotin

question: At what age did Khotin graduate from Minsk Surovo Military School?

answer: 17 years old

question: Who owns Gorbushkin Dvor?

answer: Sergey Podlisetsky

question: What is Khotin's estimated wealth?

answer: There is not sufficient information to answer the question, but he is among the top 100 wealthiest men in Russia

question: For how long did Khotin serve as Vice President of Moscow Association of Organizations of Chemical Complex

answer: 2 years

question: How many enterprises is Khotin involved in?

answer: Reportedl5 30, but possibly more.

question: Who is Khotin married to?

answer: There is not sufficient information to answer the question

question: Write a ~0 sentence summary.


text:
**I apologize for the bad formatting. Copied and Pasted from a word doc.**
**I'd like opinions and Creative Criticism**

"Up we go!" She shouted in a cute and childish manner as the elevator brought us up to the third floor of the parking garage.  "So, which one is yours?" She asked. I pointed to a grey Saturn Ion parked at the back of the garage.

"Not that cool I know, but hey I make do." We walked to the edge of the garage and stared at the buildings below us. "This would be an awesome place to play frisbee." She said as she took a seat on the edge of the wall.
"I guess, but what if you throw it off the roof?"

"Ya that would suck"
We sat in silence for a few moments. Only the muffled harmony of the cars below us could be heard.
I reached out and placed my hand on hers. She looked up and we locked eyes. Giggling she turned her head and looked out in the distance.
“Listen.” I spoke. “I... you know.”

“No I don’t.” She replied suddenly, slowly moving her hand out from under mine.
“Yeah you do.” “I mean, isn’t it pretty obvious?”

“I’m just confused.”

“Should I spell it out for you?” She ignored my question.
 “I like you. I want to be with you.”  The silence drew on even longer. “There…” I finished angrily.

“Why would you?” She finally said.

“I dunno. It’s one of those things you know, but can’t explain.” “I guess I like how you find happiness in small things. I can’t do that on my own. I focus too much on large problems. I need someone like you. Someone who isn’t afraid to have fun… The fact that you’re absolutely beautiful doesn’t help either.”

“Shut up” She mumbled.  “I’ve liked someone else for a while now. I kind of just want to try pursuing things on my own.” She added. “To be honest, I envy you. At least you can act on impulse and tell me those things. I can’t even talk to the guy.” She crossed her arms and turned away from me.

“It’s not impulse.” I interrupted. “I guess it’s stupidity.”
“This… is impulse” I turned her around and placed my hand on her cheek. As I moved myself closer to her she pushed me back and turned around again.

“No… that’s stupidity.” She said in a scolding manner.

Upset, I too turned my back. I reached into my pocket and pulled out a lighter. Lighting a cigarette I hopped up on the wall and stared off at the building tops. We sat like this for what seemed like ages. Looking down over the edge of the roof I started thinking. If I were to fall, I thought, would she care very much? Would she remember this night? The night I slipped and fell to my death.  I looked at my phone, it was getting late and obviously the night was over for me anyways. The humming of the cars seemed softer now, almost non-existent.

“Listen.” I finally spoke. “I’m sorry. I don’t know what I’m apologizing for. I just know that I’m sorry.”
She remained silent.
Annoyed by her silence, I stood up, threw the rest of my cigarette on the ground, and walked over to her. I grabbed her again, but this time I embraced her. Soon I felt her arms wrap themselves around me. I buried my face into her neck, wishing I could do this more often.  Her skin was soft and smooth, I almost thought of kissing her neck, but soon remembered that I had no right to. I held her for maybe a few minutes. Longer than a standard hug, that much is for sure.

“You’re shorter than me.” She giggled.

“I know.” I forced myself to let go. I walked to the opposite side of the garage and leaned over the railing. Would she come over and grab my shoulder? I thought. Maybe she’d spin me around and tell me to stop frowning. Maybe she’d try to cheer me up. Maybe she’d hold me a bit longer.
I heard a door shut behind me and I fell to my knees.
“Fuck.” I whispered as I slammed my fist into the ground.

title: Impulse (First "story")

question: Who are the characters?

answer: A man who has unrequited feelings for his friend; the friend, a woman who appreciates fun and the small things in life.

question: Why does she reject his advances?

answer: She has feelings for another guy, though she's too afraid to pursue him.

question: Who says: “I mean, isn’t it pretty obvious?”

answer: The man.

question: What does the man do for a living?

answer: This isn't specified, but he appears to make an average salary, based on his car.

question: Where is the story set?

answer: The characters are hanging out in a parking garage.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: In a parking garage, a man confesses his feelings for his female friend, who kindly rejects his advances.