text:
Tell MAMA is the only pressure group that undertakes the hard but necessary work of encouraging Muslims to report religious assaults. MAMA stands for Measuring Anti-Muslim Attacks and its workers use the information it collects to persuade the police to take sectarian violence seriously.

I admire Tell MAMA because it follows the cases that rarely get national attention: reports that Ulster loyalists are behind threats to Muslims in Northern Ireland or news of yobs insulting worshippers when they leave a mosque. It ensures that abuse of Muslims does not become an accepted fact of British life and offers a way into a criminal justice system, which is meant to protect their rights.

Naturally, Tell MAMA and its founder, Fiyaz Mughal, have enemies. They receive, as one might expect, racist abuse from supporters of the English Defence League. The rightwing press isn’t much better. Mughal despairs of the “there’s no such thing as Islamophobia” pieces that dothe rounds. But it is not the “Tory press” that is stopping Tell MAMA from holding meetings in mosques. Nor is the EDL threatening to destroy its efforts to contain anti-Muslim violence.

Those squalid victories belong to the Islamist right. “We are being targeted by charlatans who are leading Muslim communities off a cliff,” Mughal told me. “I think we have 18 months before we lose a generation of young Muslims.”

If you are astonished that a charity fighting Islamophobia is being targeted by Islamists then you have no right to be surprised by the manner of the attack. Across our hysterical country, the supporters of the “new politics” seek to turn their opponents from reasonable people with ideas worth debating into the enemy, the alien, the “other”.

For Corbyn and his comrades, doubters are automatically “Tories”. They may have been Labour supporters or, indeed, Labour MPs all their adult life. They may have intelligent leftwing objections to Corbyn’s willingness to indulge every form of anti-western violence on the planet. They may even oppose Corbyn on the unimpeachably anti-Tory grounds that he is guaranteeing a decade of Tory rule.

Their motives do them no good. They dissent, therefore they are “Tories” or, more often, “Tory scum”. Scottish nationalists, meanwhile, exploit their version of the “no true Scotsman” fallacy. In the SNP’s mind no true Scotsman (or woman) can harbour doubts about independence. Those who do are English stooges, agents of a foreign power, who are guilty of “talking Scotland down”. Just as the only way to prove that you are not a Tory is to support the Labour leadership, so the only way to be a patriotic Scot is to support the SNP. These are the paranoid tactics of a religious cult that holds that everyone outside the circle of true believers is tainted by the sins of the devil and all his works.

The enemies of Tell MAMA, an organisation that fights Islamophobia, you will recall, hold that “no true Muslim” can support it. Renegades who do are Islamophobes. Muslim Engagement and Development (MEND), an outfit that previously operated under the banner of iEngage until controversy forced a rebrand, has decided that the worst it can say about Tell MAMA, the best means it can find of turning it into a satanic organisation, is to say that it associates with gays and Jews.

I am not exaggerating. In November, MEND’s chief executive, Sufyan Gulam Ismail, announced to a Manchester mosque: “We don’t want the government to fob us off with some phony thing called Tell MAMA, which has got a pro-Zionist pretty much heading it, or in a very senior capacity, and is making all sorts of comments we might not agree with when it comes to homosexuality, to be recording Islamophobia.”

Tell MAMA’s offence is to try to be consistently anti-racist. When it decided to monitor anti-Muslim hatred, it turned to the Jewish Community Security Trust for help. The trust gave it willingly. “We believe our shared experiences can help to bring communities together,” it said, and the trust’s former chief executive Richard Benson became co-chair of Tell MAMA.

Peter Tatchell, who has endured anti-gay hatred throughout his life, also wanted to do what he could to fight anti-Muslim hatred and joined the board.

The real reason for the insults Tell MAMA receives, for the accusations that it is friends with “paedophiles”, “Zionists” and what modern anti-semites coyly call the “Israeli lobby”, is more profound, however. Mughal believes that, if it is wrong to attack a Muslim for being a Muslim, then it is equally wrong to attack a gay man or a Jew for being a gay man or a Jew.

Put in these terms, the Islamist campaign against an anti-Islamophobia monitoring service is less astonishing. Tell MAMA’s enemies can never accept that Muslims should find common ground. Islamist prejudice must never be questioned. If British Muslims turn into Islamic State murderers, it must be the British government’s fault and anyone who says otherwise must be an Islamophobe.

Nor is the hounding of liberal Muslims as astonishing as it should be. I have enjoyed the _Guardian_ for decades. But too many of its contributors have lost their wits and abandoned their principles over radical Islam. They show no signs of finding either soon. As a matter of course, they publish a defence of the silencing of Maryam Namazie, an ex-Muslim feminist, or a piece denouncing Maajid Nawaz, the Muslim leader of the anti-extremist Quilliam Foundation.

In academia, speakers at Bath University, surely the most malign higher education institution in Britain, call ex-Muslims“native informants”, as if the decision of free men and women to decide for themselves what they should believe is the equivalent of collaborating with a colonial oppressor. For the religious right and the political and academic left, a liberal Muslim is their trussed-up version of the enemy, the alien, the “other”.

None of the above is astonishing. It’s been going on so long that we accept it as the “new normal”. What is astonishing and frightening was the look on Mughal’s face when I finished talking to him. He looked defeated. He thinks the extremists are winning and that Britain does not begin to understand the trouble that is coming.

question: What kind of cases does Tell MAMA take on?

answer: It takes on cases of religious assaults on Muslims that don't get national attention.

question: What group will be the biggest downfall of the Tell MAMA movement?

answer: It is the Islamic right, holding the belief that no true Muslim would support the movement despite the fact that Tell MAMA works to prevent religious assaults against Muslims. The Islamic Right tout the line that renegades that support the movement are islamophobes.

question: Of what does the MEND accuse Tell MAMA?

answer: The organization attempts to turn Tell MAMA into a satanic organization by accusing them of associating with Jews and gays.

question: On what does MEND base its accusations of Tell MAMA's Jewish association?

answer: Tell MAMA has tried since its inception to remain anti-racists. It turned to the Jewish Community Security Trust for help in monitoring anti-Muslim hatred. The trust’s former chief executive Richard Benson became co-chair of Tell MAMA. Peter Tatchell, who has endured anti-gay hatred throughout his life, also wanted to do what he could to fight anti-Muslim hatred and joined the board.

question: Why does Maghul feel he has lost the battle?

answer: He thinks the extremists are winning and that Britain does not begin to understand the trouble that is coming.


split: train

text:
[Should you Choose a Piggyback Loan?]

Piggyback loans were among the few programs that were eliminated after the housing crisis. Lenders felt that the loans were too risky and just did not offer them. The good news is that they are making a comeback and can be very beneficial for certain homeowners. These loans are a great way to save money, while still being able to get into the home you desire without having to put a large amount of money down.

What is a Piggyback Loan?

The piggyback loan, also known as the 80/10/10 loan, is actually 2 loans with a down payment of 10 percent. The first loan is 80 percent of the value of the home and the second loan, which is the piggyback loan, is 10 percent of the value. The second mortgage is a little different than the first loan because it is a Home Equity Line of Credit and takes second lien position on your home. You might wonder what benefit this type of loan has over any other loan that offers more than 80 percent financing, including conventional loans with Private Mortgage Insurance, FHA, or VA loans. The key difference is the elimination of PMI with the piggyback loan. When your first loan is maxed out at 80 percent, you are able to avoid having to pay that monthly insurance, which can be rather costly. This pertains to a conventional loan, but FHA loans also have a monthly insurance fee as well as an up-front insurance fee. VA loans have a funding fee, which is charged up front, but is usually rolled into the loan, making the monthly payment higher.

Click here to see what loans you qualify for.

What is the Last 10 in the Piggyback Loan?

The final portion of the 80/10/10 loan is the down payment that comes from you. This is 10 percent of the value of the home. For example, on a $200,000 loan, your down payment would be $20,000; the first mortgage would be $160,000 and the second mortgage would be $20,000. This means you would pay two mortgage payments on the $160,000 and the $20,000 and have to come up with $10,000 plus the closing costs up front when closing on the loan.

Who Qualifies for a Piggyback Loan?

Not everyone will qualify for this type of loan, which while risky, is looked up as less risky than borrowers taking out more than 80% on a conventional loan. Your credit score will need to be considered “good” which means higher than 680. In addition, the down payment needs to come from you and you alone – this means that it cannot be gifted. If any portion of the down payment is gifted, the FHA loan will need to be obtained. It can also be harder to qualify for a second loan when it is being used for a purchase – you will need to have demonstrated great financial responsibility as well as have a steady stream of income. If you operate on commission, seasonal income, or bonuses, you likely will not be eligible.

Click here to see what loans you qualify for.

You should be aware that piggyback loans do not operate the same as a 30-year fixed loan. Your first mortgage may in fact be a 30-year fixed, but the second loan will likely be variable and due in a shorter amount of time. This means that your payments will vary month-to-month and that you will be obliged to pay it off in 10 to 20 years. It is also harder to refinance this type of mortgage down the road. If you are not getting a superb rate right now and foresee yourself wanting to lower that payment, getting the second lien holder to agree to subordinate might be difficult, making it harder to save the money you intended down the road. The good news is that the piggyback loan does work well for many people and is a viable option if you have good credit and a steady stream of income on a monthly basis!

Click here to see what loans you qualify for.

Click to See the Latest Mortgage Rates»

[]
Justin McHood is America's Mortgage Commentator and has been providing mortgage commentary for over 10 years on many of the nation's leading financial websites. More about Justin --> JustinMcHood.com.

question: What is the purpose of this post?

answer: The post is an informative post on Piggyback loans.

question: What is a Piggyback Loan?

answer: It is a loan also known as the 80/10/10 loan. It's actually 2 loans with a down payment of 10%. The first loan is 80% of the home value, the second loan is 10% of the value. The last 10% of the loan is the down payment that comes from the buyer.

question: What about this loan is beneficial compared to a conventional loan with 80% financing?

answer: The key difference is with a Piggyback loan, the PMI is eliminated.

question: What qualification are required for the Piggyback Loan?

answer: A "good" credit score, higher than 680. Down payment must be covered by the loanee, not gifted.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The post is an informative post on Piggyback loans, which is also known as the 80/10/10 loan. It's actually 2 loans with a down payment of 10%. The first loan is 80% of the home value, the second loan is 10% of the value. The last 10% of the loan is the down payment that comes from the buyer.


text:
[1][2] was a Japanese comedian, impressionist, actor[3] and choreographer. He was nicknamed .

Maeda was born in Suginami, Tokyo. He was represented with K Dash Stage. Maeda graduated from Tokyo Metropolitan Agricultural High School. At the same school his senior was Taizo Harada of the comedy trio Neptune.

Comedy career

Impressions

-   Ai
-   Mayumi Itsuwa
-   Utada Hikaru
-   Yōko Oginome
-   Crystal Kay
-   Koda Kumi
-   Ringo Sheena
-   Ryoko Shinohara
-   Janet Jackson
-   Aya Sugimoto
-   Stevie Wonder
-   Toshiyuki Nishida
-   Kohmi Hirose
-   BoA
-   Whitney Houston
-   Michael Jackson
-   Noriyuki Makihara
-   Aya Matsuura
-   Seiko Matsuda
-   Yumi Matsutoya
-   Ronaldinho

One-man shows

  Title
  ----------------------------------------
  _Shokyū Eigo Kōza_
  _Chūkyū Eigo Kōza_
  _Honne shika Iwanai Honne-chan Series_
  _Aisubeki Mochida-kun Series_
  _Shizuka-chan_
  _Wakame-chan_
  _Furitsukeshi Pierre_
  _Nukumori o Uru Obāsan_
  _Shinji Shimae_
  _Shitamachi no Cleaning-ya_
  _Ningen Kansatsu Conte Series_

Filmography

Variety

  Year                    Title                                                                                Network                Notes
  ----------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
                          _Bakushō On-Air Battle_                                                                                NHK-G                  1 win and 5 losses; up to 365 KB (off-air; on-air was 329 KB)
  _Monomane Grand Prix_   NTV
  _MTM_                   MBS
  _PosiTV_                RKB
  _Gachagacha Pong!_      Fuji TV
  2006                    _Furifuri Song Book_                                                                                Fuji TV One-Two-Next   As Freedom Maeda or Frill Maeda; Choreographed programme
                          _Aoi Sora ga Suki'!_                                                                                YAB
  2008                    _Renai Hyakkei_                                                                                TV Asahi               Episode 94; Guest
  2015                    _Ad' zehi Nenmatsu Namahōsō: Ken Maeda Geinō Seikatsu 20-shūnenkinen Kagayake! 2016-Nen Fukuotoko Fukume Kettei-sen omoshiroidesu yō_   CTV

TV drama

  Year                                                  Title                                      Role                            Network      Notes
  ----------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------- ------------ ------------
  2002                                                  _Remote_                                                                   NTV          Episode 8
  2006                                                  _Gal Circle_
  _Urami-ya Honpo_                                      Moshin Tsukida                             TV Tokyo                        Regular
  2007                                                  _Otorisōsa-kan Shiho Kitami 12_            Masato Ebina                    TV Asahi
  _Hotaru no Hikari_                                    Disgusting manager                         NTV                             Episode 7
  _Juken no Kamisama_                                                                              Episode 5
  _Nagai Nagai Satsujin_                                Ryuichi Morimoto                           WOWOW
  2008                                                  _Tadashii Ouji no Tsukuri Kata_            Shigeo Sangawa, Sekio Mitarai   TV Tokyo     Dual role
  _Bara no nai Hanaya_                                                                             Fuji TV                         Episode 9
  _Kimi Hannin janai yo ne?_                            Shemale                                    TV Asahi                        Episode 2
  _Seiichi Morimura Suspense: Toki_                     Hiroshi Sonada                             TBS
  _Koiuta Drama SP: Genki o Dashite_                    Maurice Yamada
  _Men-dol: Ikemen Idol_                                Kokorozashiai Hatori                       TV Tokyo
  _Room Of King_                                        Noboru Hotta                               Fuji TV
  2009                                                  _Anmitsu Hime_                             _Hiruton Tomoe Nikkei_          Fuji TV
  _Senryoku-gai Tsūkoku_                                Hello Work staff                           WOWOW
  _Onna Taxi Driver no Jiken Nisshi_                                                               TBS
  _Uta no onīsan_                                       Kazuhiro Sumiyoshi                         TV Asahi                        Regular
  _Yusuke Kamiji no genki no deru Koi_                  Etsuko Master                              Bee TV
  _Keishichō Minamidaira Han: Shichinin no Keiji_       Kenji Tomii                                TBS
  _Kochira Katsushika-ku Kameari Kōen-mae Hashutsujo_   Bus Jack offender
  _Otokomae! 2_                                         _Kami Shuzō_                               NHK-G
  _Ijin no Kuru Heya_                                   Michinaga Fujiwara                         Tokyo MX                        Episode 9
  _Mito Kōmon Chapter 40_                               Tomekichi                                  TBS                             Episode 20
  2010                                                  _Onna Keiji Otomichi Takako Kogoerukiba_   Yumeka                          TV Asahi
  _Mattsugu: Kamakura Kashi Torimono Hikae_             Getanuki                                   NHK-G                           Regular
  _Daimajin Kanon_                                      Tamekichi                                  TV Tokyo
  _Shōfu to Shukujo_                                    Brothel customer                           THK                             Episode 44
  _Tokyo Eki o Wasuremono Azukari-sho_                  Yukio Kitaguchi                            TV Asahi
  2011                                                  _Urakara_                                  Tsutomu Uesugi                  TV Tokyo     Episode 10
  _Gō_                                                  Yūki Hideyasu                              NHK-G
  _Last Money: Ai no Nedan_                             Yoshio Isogai                              Episode 3
  2012                                                  _Kagi no kakatta Heya_                     Kawasaki                        Fuji TV      Episode 1
  _Resident – 5-nin no Kenshui_                         Tsuruko                                    TBS                             Episode 4
  2013                                                  _Hōkago Groove_                            Tsuyoshi Mori                   Episode 3
  _Dandarin: Rōdō Kijun Kantoku-kan_                    Kitagawa                                   NTV                             Episode 6
  _Yorozu Uranai Sho: Onmyō-ya e yōkoso_                Ando                                       KTV                             Episode 8
  2014                                                  _Saigo Kara Nibanme no Koi_                                                Fuji TV      Episode 7
  _Onna wa sore o Yurusanai_                            John                                       TBS                             Episode 8
  2015                                                  _Garo: Gold Storm Sho_                     Gerril                          TV Tokyo     Episode 12

Anime television

  Year   Title                  Role         Network   Notes                                           Ref.
  ------ ---------------------- ------------ --------- ----------------------------------------------- ------
  2006   _Digimon Data Squad_   Gotsumon     Fuji TV                                                   [4]
  2009   _Fresh Pretty Cure!_   Kaoru-chan   ABC       Also did the choreography at the ending theme

Advertisements

  Year                                                        Title
  ----------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------
  2007                                                        Suntory Vitamin Water
  Tsuchzaki BC “_Happy Cute na Kibun de, Tanoshiku asobo._”

Films

  Year                                            Title                                Role
  ----------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------
  2008                                            _Nagai Nagai Satsujin_               Ryuichi Morimoto
  _Natsuyasumi no Yōna 1-kagetsu_                 Bartender
  _Komori Seikatsu Kojo Club_                     Tsuji
  2009                                            _The Ramen Girl_                     Harumi
  _20 Seiki Shōnen Dai 2-shō: Saigo no Kibō_      Mariah
  _Subaru_                                        Sada
  _Katen no Shiro_                                Tomekichi
  _Kyō kara Hitman_                               Kamio
  _Inubaka: Crazy for Dogs_                       Ajuba-hakase
  2010                                            _Kanzen naru Shiiku Maid, for you_   Otake
  _Zebraman 2: Attack on Zebra City_              Member of Parliament
  _Sword of Desperation_                          Kisuke
  _Saiban-chō! Koko wa Chōeki 4-nen de dō suka_   Forest judge
  2011                                            _Shōjo-tachi no Rashinban_           Goro Mesaki
  _Gal Basara: Sengoku Jidai wa Kengai Desu_
  2012                                            _Miss Boys! Yūjō no Yukue-hen_       Romeo
  _Tane maku Tabibito: Minori no Cha_
  _Liar Game: Reborn_                             Tetsuya Murata
  _Ai to Makoto_                                  Teacher
  _Rinjō: Gekijō-ban_                             Tension number policeman

Anime films

  Year   Title                                                                  Role
  ------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------
  2009   _Movie Fresh Pretty Cure! The Kingdom of Toys has Lots of Secrets!?_   Kaoru-chan

Stage

  Year   Title
  ------ --------------------
  2003   _Cinderella Story_
  2008   _High! Miracles_

Discography

AS PART OF MAEKEN TRANCE PROJECT

  Year   Title                       Notes
  ------ --------------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  2005   “Koi no Buchiage Tengoku”   Won the Japan Cable Awards Wired Topic Award and 47th Japan Record Awards Special Award
  2006   “Tokyo Chalance”

Videography

  Year   Title
  ------ ------------------------------------------------
  2008   _Furifuri Song Book Best Selection DVD Vol. 1_

Choreography

MUSIC

-

  Year            Title
  --------------- ------------------------------------------
  2008            “Otokozaka”
  2009            “Ore no Sora”
  “Katsu 'nda!”
  “Wotakisuto”
  2010            “Muteki! Natsu Yasumi”
  2011            “Onaji Jidai ni Uma reta Wakamono-tachi”

-   NAKANO FUJO SISTERS

  Year   Title
  ------ -------------
  2010   “Honey Bee”

-

  Year                             Title
  -------------------------------- ------------------------
  2011                             “Love Spider”
  2012                             “Kaze Ikki”
  “Ame tokidoki Hare nochi Niji”
  2013                             “Shita o Muite Kaerou”
  “Rikishi-Man”
  “Dansō Revolution”
  2016                             “This is Love”

-   AAA

  Year   Title
  ------ ------------------
  2006   “Champagne Gold”

-   NAOHITO FUJIKI

  Year   Title
  ------ ----------------
  2006   “Hey! Friends”

-   YOKO MINAMINO

  Year   Title
  ------ ------------------------
  2005   “Hai kara-san ga Tōru”

TV DRAMA

  Year   Title                 Notes
  ------ --------------------- -----------------------------
  2006   _Gal Circle_          Flip choreography
  2007   _Juken no Kamisama_   Creative dance choreography

FILMS

  Year   Title
  ------ ---------------------
  2011   _Azemichi no Dandy_

ANIME TELEVISION

  Year   Title                   Notes
  ------ ----------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  2009   _Fresh Pretty Cure!_    Dance supervisor and choreographer, choreographed the first and last ending themes
  2010   _HeartCatch PreCure!_   Choreographed the first and last ending themes
  2011   _Suite PreCure_
  2012   _Smile PreCure!_

STAGE

  Year   Title
  ------ ------------------
  2008   _High! Miracles_

ADVERTISEMENTS

  --------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------
  2006                              Yukiguni moyashi “Yukiguni moyashi no Uta: Mambo” Music video
  2009                              Nomi Tomo
  Kuroneko Yamato Hikkoshi Center
  --------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------

OTHER TELEVISION PROGRAMMES

  Year   Title           Network   Ref.
  ------ --------------- --------- ------
  2013   _Oh! Taisō 2_   OHK       [5]

Director, screenplays

Films

  Year   Title
  ------ ------------------------------
  2011   _Soredemo Hana wa Saite iku_

Bibliography

  Year   Title
  ------ ----------------------------------
  2005   _Ken Maeda no Koi Chara Shindan_
  2009   _Soredemo Hana wa Saite iku_

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

title: Ken Maeda

question: Who was Ken Maeda?

answer: A Japanese comedian, impressionist, actor, and choreographer.

question: Where was he born?

answer: In Suginami, Tokyo.

question: List three people he could impersonate?

answer: Mayumi Itsuwa, BoA, Ronaldinho.

question: How many one-man shows did he create?

answer: Eleven.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The text is about Ken Maeda, a Japanese comedian, impressionist, actor, and choreographer. It lists its extensive works in comedy, film, and TV.


text:
When Saul Alinsky wrote _Rules for Radicals_ more than four decades ago, the world was a very different place than it is today.

[The Rise of the Ethical Hacktivist]

Protests and demonstrations were among the most common tactics for bringing about social change, and they were used on such a broad scale that they helped define the Vietnam War era and counterculture movement of the 1960s and 1970s.

Today there's a new tool available to those who want to change the world, however, and it's already brought about results that are at least as dramatic. It's called "hacking," and it's as controversial as its variations are diverse.

"Try to imagine the organization of an event 20 years ago, and compare it with what is happening today," cybersecurity expert, cybercrime analyst and author Pierluigi Paganini told LinuxInsider. "Just one tweet, a picture, can blow the wind into a revolution."

What's 'Ethical'?

"Hacking," of course, is a term that has long been fraught with ethical connotations. Often considered synonymous with computerized crime, the term has more recently been broadened to include concepts as far afield as product hacking -- essentially, product improvement -- and even "life hacking" for better personal productivity and efficiency.

Where things get really interesting, however -- as the efforts of Anonymous have illustrated particularly well -- is in the distinct and yet related notions of "hacktivism" and "ethical hacking."

In general usage, the term "ethical hacking" typically is used to mean penetration testing for security-improvement purposes, while "hacktivism" means using computers to bring about political or social change. However, the line separating the two isn't always entirely clear.

"There are many aspects of this concept," Rick Falkvinge, founder of the first Pirate Party, Sweden's Piratpartiet SE, told LinuxInsider.

"First, what is considered ethical can have many layers: Is the penetration testing made within the organization in order to promote better security practices, or is it penetration of a corrupt organization to expose corruption? Both could easily be described as 'ethical,'" Falkvinge pointed out.

'We Cannot Ignore Their Voices'

"Since the war in Iraq, hacktivism has been on the rise," Terry Cutler, a Certified Ethical Hacker and cofounder and chief technology officer of Digital Locksmiths, told LinuxInsider.

From the uprising in Iran to the "Occupy" movement, "tools like Twitter and Facebook were the only way to engage and get their stories out, especially since local media was being blocked," Cutler explained. "The tools and technology allow these attacks to happen much quicker than before."

Hacktivism is "the expression of social dissent through hacking," and it's growing rapidly, agreed Paganini.

"Media mainly know the name of the collective Anonymous, but behind those masks there are many people, many cultures and countries that daily face different problems," he explained.

"The common intent is the fight for liberty of expression and free Internet access, but recent revelations have revealed that intelligence agencies monitor everything," Paganini noted.

"I believe that the hacktivists in the future will pass from the keyboards to the streets," he added. "We cannot ignore their voices."

Aaron Swartz's Legacy

Much of the growth in hacktivism is due to the rise in public awareness of Aaron Swartz over the last year, Yan Zhu, staff technologist with the Electronic Frontier Foundation, told LinuxInsider.

"Aaron spent a lot of his time hacking on projects for social and political change," Zhu explained, citing the SecureDrop and RECAP projects as examples.

"He embodied the term 'hacktivist.' I think his death inspired many people in the free software and activism communities to put more energy into doing likewise," she said.

Aaron Swartz memorial hackathons have been organized in more than 20 countries around the world to finish some of the work that Swartz started, noted Zhu, who is also creator of the Worldwide Aaron Swartz Memorial Hackathon Series.

In fact, hackathons are increasingly the means through which hacktivist efforts are organized, said Richard Kastelein, entrepreneur, strategist, writer and founder of The Hackfest.

'It's the First Step'

"It's getting more and more common," Kastelein explained. In addition to a health hackfest being organized by Six Degrees in Brussels in June, Kastelein is working with a UK group to tackle the aging crisis later this year, as well as contributing to a separate effort to help drive innovation and educate developing countries in the Caribbean, he told LinuxInsider.

"There are more and more emerging hackathons around environment, health, LGBT issues and much more," Kastelein said. "We are finding more and more large brands and corporations want to get involved as sponsors via their CSR departments, and there's simply more and more companies in sectors such as health that have APIs and even SDKs that are trying to build their own developer communities."

A key benefit of "'ethical' hackathons," he pointed out, is that they are "part of the process -- a larger process -- of driving innovation forward that is essential because it takes people from across the spectrum, pushes them together, and in a short time, they are forced to work together in a gamified, competitive atmosphere to build something that can effect change.

"It's the first step," said Kastelein. "Ideally, the next step for the great ideas would be bootcamp, incubator, angel investment, VC, etc., or just a lean startup."

'Almost Tragic in Some Cases'

Perhaps the biggest downside of hackathons and coordinated hacking efforts is the possibility of losing momentum after the event is over.

"I'm afraid that the short duration of these events encourages people to work on small, fragmented projects that are not necessarily well thought-out," Zhu said. "It would be great to see more hackathons that bring people together to work on larger, long-term projects, perhaps at regular intervals over the course of a year or so."

Indeed, "seeing great ideas end after a short-term event is almost tragic in some cases," Kastelein agreed. "Ideally, we would like to be the initial stage of an ecosystem that further fosters and nurtures those great ideas and moves them into real working products and services."

On the other hand, "at least the results are made public," he noted. "We are considering adding in an element that if great ideas fall to the wayside, that we work with the groups in putting their code and concept into open source or Creative Commons mode to allow others to pick up where they left off."

Currently, all intellectual property is owned by the groups involved according to public hackathon rules and principles globally, Kastelein pointed out.

Analog Equivalents

There seems little doubt that hacktivism is here to stay; still remaining to be sorted out, however, are the legal issues.

Such questions become more clear when you compare digital hacktivism with its equivalents from the analog world, said Piratpartiet's Falkvinge.

"I would describe the break-in to the FBI of March 8, 1971, that exposed COINTELPRO and numerous other anti-activist methods in light of the Vietnam war as a typical example of pre-Internet ethical hacking," he suggested.

"Today, the equivalent would be to -- illegally -- break into a corrupt organization's servers and copy similarly incriminating documents," Falkvinge explained. "While today's powerholders decry such acts, there is little doubt that the break-in of 1971 has been more than justified by the history books, and it certainly caused social change."

Criminals or Heroes?

The main problem with hacktivism, then, "remains with the legislators and officials who fail to see things in analog-equivalent terms," Falkvinge said. "If getting documents to a reporter was OK in the pre-Internet age as part of our checks and balances on power, then it has to be OK in the digital age, too."

Yet "many powerholders freak out at the slightest occurrence of pentesting, even going as far as to punish students who point out security problems in their schools' IT systems," he noted. "That's not proportional, and that's causing a growing divide of resentment between the offline-borns and the Net generation."

Looking ahead, "I'd pay attention to this growing divide of resentment and its large-scale social effects," Falkvinge concluded. "It may manifest itself as a new political power in some countries, as is happening with the nascent Pirate Party movement, or it may manifest itself as an underground culture of people that has different names depending on whom you ask: 'criminals,' if you ask the powerholders whose crimes are getting exposed, or 'hero journalists' if you ask the average people who are getting news they wouldn't otherwise."

Either way, the trend promises to continue.

"We can arrest hackers and hacktivists that violate our networks and that disclose our data," Paganini said, "but we cannot stop an ideology." []

------------------------------------------------------------------------

KATHERINE NOYES is always on duty in her role as Linux Girl, whose cape she has worn since 2007. A mild-mannered journalist by day, she spends her evenings haunting the seedy bars and watering holes of the Linux blogosphere in search of the latest gossip. You can also find her on Twitter and Google+.

question: Who wrote "Rules for Radicals"?

answer: Saul Alinsky.

question: What does the author describe as being amongst the most common tactics for bringing about social change?

answer: Protests and demonstrations.

question: What, according to the author, is one more contemporary version of activism?

answer: Hacking.

question: What is the portmanteau coined to describe the marriage of hacking and activism?

answer: Hacktivism.

question: Write a ~10 sentence summary.

answer: In the past, riots and protests were the most common ways to express opinions and explore dissent in social settings. Now, there's a less visible but just as-if not more-effective method: hacking. The practice has grown rapidly in recent years, with social media spaces like twitter and Facebook at the forefront of online discourse. Aaron Swartz was a notable figure in the hacktivism movement who died of suicide. His work is being compiled and studied by groups around the world. Hacktivism is the portmanteau assigned to this newer movement. It has been used as a tool for movements supporting free expression and ideas, access to information, and revelations about the extent of government spying. Hacktivism seems to be used for mostly informational purposes, at times exposing and exchanging documents and figures surround controversial legislation. Some experts note that the difficulty in taking punitive measures against hacktivism measures lies in the fact that while offenders can be pursued, the ideology underlying such movements will never be fully stamped out. Also, given the prevalence of hackathons-wherein numerous users participate on a global scale, at times-it can be difficult to pin down crimes on one or two individuals.


text:
[]

The Legendary
_Moti Mahal_

Credited with the trailblazing turn-around of Moti Mahal, from being a small but iconic presence in Delhi, to becoming a MULTI-NATIONAL CORPORATION that is well on its way to defining how the world eats Indian food.

Read the Story of Moti Mahal

Dine-in & Take-out models

Ten Franchise Models to choose from.
Click on the Franchise to read more.
COME BE A PART OF OUR LEGACY.

100 yrs.

of Existence.
With over 100 successfully running outlets worldwide.

A time tested business idea ... a culinary delight
Now a Franchise Opportunity in your city.
Come be a part of our Legacy.

Moti Mahal's Locations__

question: What is Moti Mahal?

answer: Moti Mahal is a multi-national food corporation.

question: Where is Moti Mahal based?

answer: Unclear, seems as though they started in Delhi.

question: How many Moti Mahal franchises operate currently?

answer: Unclear. The article says there are "over 100 successfully running outlets worldwide."

question: How does one open a Moti Mahal franchise?

answer: Not answered.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article is briefly describes Moti Mahal, a multi-national Indian food corporation.


text:
LEO GEORGE RIGLER (16 October 1896, Minneapolis – 25 October 1979) was an American radiologist remembered for describing Rigler's sign.[1]

Biography

Leo Rigler attended the University of Minnesota, receiving a B.S. in 1917, B.M. in 1919 and M.D. in 1920. He undertook his internship at the St. Louis City Hospital where he watched pioneering radiologist Dr. Leroy Sante perform fluoroscopy, and realised the potential of this new technique. He worked as a general practitioner in New England, North Dakota, but returned to the University of Minnesota after a short time. He then worked as a teaching fellow in internal medicine for a year, becoming responsible for the radiology service. He then undertook a 3-year post as radiologist at the Minneapolis General Hospital. During this time he also trained in radiology at the Battle Creek Sanatorium and the University of Michigan.[2]

In 1924 he travelled to Europe with funding from the University of Minnesota Medical School. He spent most of the year in Stockholm at the Karolinska Institute. On his return he was appointed associate professor of radiology at the age of 31, and became full professor two years later. He was certified by the American Board of Radiology in 1934, the 68th person to be recognised in this way. He founded a postgraduate radiology course in 1936. He became the first full-time chairman of radiology at the University of Minnesota in 1933 at the age of 37, a position he held until 1957.

He then moved to California, becoming the executive director of the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center until 1963. He then became professor of radiology at the University of California, Los Angeles at the age of 67, and directed the postgraduate radiology training. He continued in this post until his death in 1979.

After the Second World War he worked with the World Health Organization to improve clinical radiology in a number of countries including India, Iran and Israel. He published over 200 articles and edited six books. The radiology research facility at UCLA was opened in 1971 and named the _Leo G. Rigler Center for Radiological Sciences_.[3]

A collection of his papers is held at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland[4]

[1] Rigler LG. Spontaneous pneumoperitoneum: a roentgenologic sign found in the supine position. _Radiology_ 1941; 37: 604–607.

[2]

[3]

[4]

title: Leo George Rigler

question: What is Rigler's sign?

question: Where did Rigler go to college?

answer: Rigler attended the University of Minnesota.

question: When was Rigler certified by the American Board of Radiology?

answer: Rigler was certified in 1934.

question: When did Rigler die?

answer: He died on October 25, 1979.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Leo Rigler was an American radiologist. He published over 200 articles and edited 6 books.


text:
Imagine growing up, no mother, no father, no community. There is only one language and it's universal. On earth it's just you, the sun, moon & stars. You're now in your 20's and know how to till the land and reap the benefits of your work. You enjoy your work and adore your pet dog.

You travel the land out of freedom and spontaneity. You admire the starry sky and there's no greater feeling than waking up in nature. You are always at ease and find joy in everything you do. At a moments time you see something and it frightens you. In awe but yet frightened, you were looking at something you never thought imaginable. An altered form of your clay self, for behold... woman.

title: Imagine.

question: How does the author describe to imagine growing up?

answer: Growing up without family nor community.

question: How does the author imagine the reader's 20's to be?

answer: Knowing how to till the land and reap its benefits.

question: What does the author imagine seeing that causes fright?

answer: An altered form of one's clay self.

question: Why does the author imagine being always at ease?

answer: For finding joy in everything that is done.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer:
The author describes an imagined life where one grows up without family or community. Learns how to cultivate the land and reap its benefits.
Living this life one is always at ease from finding joy in everything that is done.


text:
[Program cover. Zionists are superimposed over American Revolutionary figures.[1]] _A FLAG IS BORN_ is a 1946 play that advocated the creation of a homeland for the Jewish people in the ancient Land of Israel—at the time of the play's release Mandatory Palestine, under British administration. With a cast including Paul Muni, Celia Adler and Marlon Brando, it opened on Broadway on September 4, 1946. It was written by Ben Hecht and directed by Luther Adler, with music by Kurt Weill. _A Flag is Born_ was produced by the American League for a Free Palestine, an organization headed by Hillel Kook (known in America by the anglicized name Peter Bergson), to raise money for Zionist causes.[2]

Synopsis

_A Flag is Born_ has three principal characters, with other actors playing bit roles.[3] Tevye and Zelda (played on Broadway by Paul Muni and Celia Adler, major stars at the time) are survivors of the Treblinka death camp who are attempting to travel to British-administered Palestine, the ancient Land of Israel. David (Marlon Brando) is an angry young Holocaust survivor.

The play opens with Tevye and Zelda ushering in the Jewish Sabbath on a Friday night somewhere on their journey. Zelda lights candles on a broken tombstone. After reciting the Sabbath prayers, Tevye dreams of the town where he was born, as it was before the Nazis destroyed it. A dream sequence follows in which Tevye has visions of the biblical kings Saul and David, then imagines himself standing before the United Nations Security Council pleading for the formation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine; he is ignored.

Tevye awakens to find that Zelda has died in the night. He recites _kaddish_, a Jewish memorial prayer, then welcomes the Angel of Death, who has come for him too. He bids David farewell. As David considers committing suicide, three Jewish soldiers (representing the Haganah, Irgun, and Lehi) suddenly appear and implore him to join them: “Don't you hear our guns David? We battle the English, the sly and powerful English. We speak to them in a new Jewish language, the language of guns. We fling no more prayers or tears at the world. We fling bullets. We fling barrages ... We promise to wrest our homeland out of the British claws.”[4][5]

In the play's finale, David delivers a fiery pro-Zionist speech, moves across a bridge into Palestine, and with the mixed sounds of “Hatikvah” and gunfire in the background, raises Tevye's prayer shawl as a makeshift flag and marches off to war.[6]

Zionist causes

thumb|upright=1.3|Jews, largely Holocaust survivors, sailing for Palestine aboard the SS _Exodus_ in 1947. _A Flag is Born_ was produced to support such migrants. _A Flag is Born_ was produced by the pro-Zionist American League for a Free Palestine (ALFP) to raise financial and political support for Zionist causes, including the transport of Jews from Europe. The AFLP was entirely open about its political motivations—publicity materials read: “'A Flag is Born' is not ordinary theatre. It was not written to amuse or beguile. 'A Flag is Born' was written to make money—to make money to provide ships to get Hebrews to Palestine ... and [to] arouse American public opinion to support the fight for freedom and independence now being waged by the resistance in Palestine.”[7]

In promoting the play, the Bergson Group attempted to equate the Zionist organizations in Palestine with the Patriots of the American Revolution. The cover of the program showed three Zionists—one with a rifle, one with a hoe, and one with a Zionist flag—superimposed over three American Revolutionary figures. Advertisements used the slogan “It's 1776 in Palestine!”, portrayed members of the Irgun as “modern-day Nathan Hales,” alluded to “taxation without representation” in Palestine, and quoted Thomas Jefferson's phrase, “Resistance to tyranny is obedience to God.” When Tevye dreams about addressing the United Nations, he compares Palestine in the 1940s with the American colonies in the 1770s.[8] _A Flag is Born_ played in six North American cities and raised more than $400,000 for the ALFP, the largest block of funds it ever attained.[9]

Brando had already been voted “Broadway's Most Promising Actor” for his role as an anguished veteran in _Truckline Café_, but that play was not a commercial success and Brando was still young, relatively unknown and impecunious. Brando contended that the survivors of the Holocaust deserved to have their own land where they could live freely; he accepted only the Actor's Equity minimum payment so more of the proceeds from _A Flag is Born_ could go towards Zionist causes.[10][11]

Reception and impact

After the play proved extremely popular, the Broadway run was extended and a tour was arranged. The sponsoring committee included many prominent people, including composer Leonard Bernstein, novelist Lion Feuchtwanger, New York City Mayor William O'Dwyer, and Eleanor Roosevelt.

Following the Broadway run, _A Flag is Born_ traveled to Chicago, Detroit, Philadelphia, and Boston. It was also scheduled to play at the National Theater in Washington, D.C. However, in an early action of the civil rights movement, Americans who opposed racial discrimination began a boycott to oppose the practice of barring blacks from attending Washington theaters, and the committee moved the play to the Maryland Theater in Baltimore. A special train brought members of Congress to the performance.[12] The American League for a Free Palestine and the NAACP cooperated to use the occasion to force the management of the Maryland Theater to abrogate its segregation policy (blacks restricted to the balcony) for the duration of the play's run which, in the context of the times, was considered a victory for civil rights.[13]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4] Bird, Kai: _Divided City: Coming of Age Between the Arabs and Israelis_

[5] Wertheim, Albert: _Staging the War: American Drama and World War II_, p. 279

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

title: A Flag is Born

question: Summarize the synopsis of the play, A Flag is Born.

answer: The synopsis of the play, A Flag is Born, is described in the the text as having three principal characters. Two characters, Tevye and Zelda are survivors of the Treblinka death camp, and are attempting to travel to British-administered Palestine. David, another character is intoduced as an angry young Holocaust survivor. The play opens with Tevye and Zelda ushering in the Jewish Sabbath, and after reciting prayers, Tevye dreams of the town he was born in being destroyed by Nazis. Tevye continues his dream and it takes a biblical turn. When he awakens, he finds Zelda has died and recites a Jewish memorial prayer for her and welcomes the Angel of Death who has come for him. David contemplates committing suicide but three Jewish soldiers come to recruit him. The play ends with David delivering a fiery pro-Zionist speech.

question: Summarize the importance of highlighting the Zionist cause as described in the text.

answer: The play was very integral to highlighting the importance of the Zionist cause. The play was produced to support the Holocaust survivors and migrants. The play was produced by a pro-Zionist American League for a Free Palestine to raise financial and political support for Zionist causes. In order for the play to be promoted, the Bergson Group attempted to equate the Zionist organizations in Palestine with the Patriots of the American Revolution. Many efforts were put into highlighting the Zionist cause.

question: Would Holocaust survivors appreciate the efforts of the play, A Flag is Born, and its efforts to support the Zionist cause?


text:
EMIL UZELAC (26 August 1867 – 7 January 1954) was an Austro-Hungarian military commander who was a leading figure in the air forces of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Kingdom of Yugoslavia and the Independent State of Croatia.[1]

Early life and education

Emil Uzelac was born in Komárom, in present-day Slovakia, then Austria-Hungary, on 26 August 1867 in an Orthodox family from Lika.[2][3][4] He grew up in the vicinity of Karlovac where he finished gymnasium after which he enrolled at the _Technical Military Academy of Civil Engineering and Crafts_ in Vienna from which he graduated on 18 August 1888.

Career

After graduation, Uzelac entered the 2nd Engineer Regiment as a _Lieutenant_ and served in Pula and Trieste. He also worked in Zadar as an engineering technical expert. After graduating in electrical engineering, he enrolled at the Naval Academy in Trieste and was promoted to the rank of the _Lieutenant of the Merchant Navy_. As an officer on the merchant ship, he sailed to New York City.

Service in the Austria-Hungary

After two years, Uzelac entered the Engineer's Command and served in Klagenfurt. He was promoted to the rank of _Major_ on 1 May 1908. At the proposal of General Alexander von Krobatin, Uzelac was appointed Commander of the Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops. Since his appointment on 24 April 1912 until the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918, Uzelac was the only true commander of the whole Austro-Hungarian Air Force. After four weeks, Uzelac passed a pilot test and immediately continued training for the combat pilot which he finished in August of the same year.[5]

His task was very difficult because he had to found aviation in a country of limited industrial capacity and lack of raw materials, in the conditions of poor understanding among military authorities and highly bureaucratized military and overall state system. In 1912, Emperor Franz Joseph I awarded him Military Merit Cross for his achievements. Uzelac was awarded numerous domestic and foreign awards for his role in the modernization of the Austro-Hungarian aviation.[6]

In addition to flying in a plane, he also flew in an air balloon and was on 15 May 1914 awarded the diploma of the leader of free balloons by the Austrian aeroclub. On 7 November 1912, while performing his first looping, he had an accident and ended up in the hospital from which he came out as soon as he regained consciousness.[7]

He commanded the air force until the end of the First World War. On 1 May 1918, he was promoted to the rank of _Major General_. When the command was reorganized on 1 October 1918, he was formally degraded because his position as Air Force Commander was renamed as Deputy Air Force Commander.[8]

Service in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

Following the end of the First World War, Uzelac lived for some time in Petrinja and was drafted into the Royal Yugoslav Army on 28 November 1919, along with two other Austro-Hungarian generals, Rudolf Maister and Ante Plivelić. He was appointed Chief of the newly created Department of Aviation in the Ministry of the Army and Navy, which was, in reality, the position of the Air Force's Commander-in-Chief. He was in charge of the reorganization and modernization of Yugoslav aviation. Although Uzelac laid the foundations for a modern aviation by building it with the experience gained in Austro-Hungarian air force, he was forcibly retired on 19 August 1923 as “unneeded”.[9]

Service in the Independent State of Croatia

In 1941, Uzelac joined Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia as an _Honorary General_. He worked on the construction of NDH's air force. On 25 November 1941, at the age of 74, he retired. On 21 and 22 August 1942, on the occasion of his 75th birthday and the 30th anniversary of service, a ceremony attended by numerous German, Hungarian and Croatian pilots from World War I, was held in Zagreb.[10][11][12]

Milan was imprisoned following the end of World War II. Emil Uzelac died in Petrinja on 7 January 1954 and was buried in Mirogoj cemetery.[13]

Awards

-   Military Merit Cross
-   Saxe-Ernestine House Order
-   House Order of Hohenzollern
-   Order of the Iron Crown II class with war decoration
-   Order of the Iron Crown III class
-   Order of Leopold
-   Order of the Medjidie II class
-   Iron Cross I class
-   Iron Cross II class
-   Military Merit Cross with war decoration and swords

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11] Biographies - Home Defense Air Force

[12] Tko je tko u NDH: Hrvatska 1941.–1945., Minerva, 1997, p. 409-410

[13]

title: Emil Uzelac

question: What does the text say about Uzelac's work in aviation?

answer: In Austria-Hungary, Uzelac was appointed Commander of the Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops. In 1912, he passed a pilot test and soon after completed his combat pilot training. From 1912 to 1918, he was the only true commander of the whole Austro-Hungarian Air Force. In 1912, Emperor Franz Joseph I awarded Uzelac the Military Merit Cross for his achievements. He received numerous domestic and foreign awards for his role in the modernization of the Austro-Hungarian aviation. He also flew in an air balloon in 1914 and was awarded the diploma of the leader of free balloons by the Austrian aeroclub. Following the First World War, he was drafted into the Royal Yugoslav Army and was appointed Chief of the newly created Department of Aviation in the Ministry of the Army and Navy. He was forcibly retired in 1923, but in 1941, he joined the Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia as an Honorary General, where he worked on hte construction of NDH's air force.

question: What does the text say about Uzelac after WWI?

answer: After the First World War, Uzelac lived for some time in Petrinja. He was drafted into the Royal Yugoslav Army in 1919 and was appointed Chief of the newly created Department of Aviation in the Ministry of the Army and Navy. He was in charge of the reorganization and modernization of Yugoslav aviation. He was forcibly retired in 1923. In 1941, he joined the Air Force of the Independent State of Croatia as an Honorary General, where he worked on the construction of NDH's air force. He retired later the same year. In 1942, on his 75th birthday, a ceremony attended by numerous German, Hungarian, and Croatian pilots from World War I was held in Zagreb. He died in Petrinja in 1954.

question: What does the text say about Uzelac's education?

answer: Uzelac finished gymnasium in Karlovac and then enrolled at the Technical Military Academy of Civil Engineering and Crafts in Vienna, where he graduated in August 1888. Following his graduation, he worked in Zadar as an engineering technical expert. At some point, he graduated in electrical engineering and then enrolled at the Naval Academy at Trieste.


text:
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO is a stop on the Region of Waterloo's Ion rapid transit system in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.[1] It is located on the Waterloo Spur rail line, between Columbia Street and University Avenue. It opened in 2019.

Overview

Located on the campus of the University of Waterloo, the station primarily serves students and employees of the university. The main campus is on the west side of the station, with additional engineering buildings to the southeast and administration buildings to the northeast. In addition, a major bus terminal is under construction along an access road to the east, which will serve Grand River Transit, GO Transit, and Greyhound coaches.

The station's feature wall consists of glass tiles in a pattern of black, blue, gray, and white.

Access to the platform is from both ends: from the north, directly from the bus terminal road; to the south, there is access to the Laurel Trail on the west side of the tracks only.

The southbound track is also used by freight trains on the Waterloo Spur line, which serves industrial locations in Elmira. These trains only run in the overnight hours after LRT service has halted. To protect the station structure (and the trains themselves), a gauntlet track is in place alongside this station that offsets the freight track a small distance.

History

Before construction of the light rail station, GRT and intercity bus services had been slowly intensifying at a set of stops along the east end of the University of Waterloo's Ring Road near the Davis Centre building, most significantly Grand River Transit (including the 200 iXpress bus which was the predecessor of the Ion light rail system), GO Transit's 25 Waterloo–Mississauga intercity bus route,[2] and the Waterloo Undergraduate Student Association's Fed Bus service.[3]

In 2016, with light rail infrastructure under construction, an adjacent dedicated bus station was announced. It would be east of the rail line and accessed from Phillip Street, shifting some buses off Ring Road and onto public roadways.[4] Later, in 2020, it was announced that over $3 million[5] in additional provincial, federal, and regional funding had been granted for amenities at the new bus station. This would include several heated waiting shelters and bike storage facilities.[6]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

title: University of Waterloo station

question: Has the construction of the new bus station terminal begun?

answer: That information cannot be found.

question: In what year did the light rail construction begin?

answer: 2016.

question: When was the plan for a new bus station project announced?

answer: In 2020.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: This article briefly details the University of Waterloo's railway station, which is located on the university's campus and serves both the students and employees of the university. Sometime in 2016, the light rail construction began, and three years later, the rail station was completed and launched. Later on, there was a plan for a new bus station terminal, and by the following year, over $3 million was approved for the amenities needed. Those amenities would include bike storage facilities and several heated waiting shelters.


text:
This is my first work ANYTHING you can tell me to help me improve and I'll be forever grateful. This is pretty rough, I have not "fine-tuned" it. The Fantasy(Magic elements sort of) have yet to be introduced.

**Chapter1 - Jonah Krant: The Strong Knight**

* Year: 1203
* Age: 13

"I'm going to be the strongest knight to ever live!" I yelled in the streets as I ran north in the pouring rain to the edge of town, the roads were turning to mud and my previously grey pants were turning brown. "Shut your mouth you little shit" the drunks yelled back from the tavern. "Finally, finally I get to go training with father" I thought to myself as I kept running faster and faster towards him, yelling louder and louder. The old women laughed and the old men muttered something I could not hear as I passed them.
"Father, father!" I yelled in excitement before I could even my lay eyes on him. "Jonah, be quiet you big mouthed son of mine!" I heard in the distance.
I ignored him. "Let's train, you promised right, right?" "Fine, I'll give you a few lessons tonight, but first I have to work. Come back in four hours!". "Yessss!" I said in excitement. Father works in the Night Guard, the name sounds more glorious than it actually is, they watch the forest in the night. They're called Wood-Watchers by the drunks and laughed at because of their stories, and they also guard the forest during the day, so the name seemed pointless I thought, but father seemed to take great pride in his work. Despite what they all said! "Jon. Jon!, get back to work, someone have to guard this town against the unknown!" I heard an old man yell from the forest. "I must get back to work, Jonah, off you go!" father said and started walking off to the forest. "See you in three hours and fiftyfive minutes!" I yelled at him with a smirk and ran off.
I decided to go back home, but on my way there I decided to take my fathers advice and help out in town, so I took a small detour and went to the tavern, which is located right in the center. They always appreciate when I serve them ale and wine. "Oh, you're helping out today you little runt?" one of the drunks said. "Need to train, and some money ofcourse. You need another one Robert?" I said. "Bring two, one of me and one for the lady!" The lady smiled as I brought the ale. She was beautiful, much to beautiful for that drunk. "Jonah!" I heard the owner shout from behind the counter. "I need you to carry this keg to the harbor" he said. "Finally a job worth doing!". I took the keg outside, tried to pick it up, it reeked of wine. "Bitter!" I thought to myself. My arms could not reach around it, so I decided to roll it. The harbor is located east of town, where the "XX Ocean" is. The keg was getting heavier, the road did not help much either, bumpy and full of holes thanks to the rain earlier. "Damn this is getting heavy, I better make a sprint or I'll have to rest soon". "Soon there, a little more!" I thought as I kept pushing. During this small trip I finally realized what my father meant. "I'm so weak!" I thought to myself as I kept pushing in pure frustration. Finally I could see the harbor, it's a big harbor. The big boats bring us stuff from places I've never even heard of. I want to travel the world, visit the six kingdoms. We're just a small island with four relativly small towns. It's actually quite big, but none dares to go past the northern forest, none knows where it leads. And from what I understand, none wants to know what lies beyond the forest.

**Piece about his past and Mother is going here**

The smell of steel caused my blood to boil with excitement! Father drew his sword, big and mighty it was, and started walking towards me. "Huh, what is he doing?" I thought to myself. "You thought we were practising with real swords of steel without proper ringmail?" he said with a big smirk on his face. "Sorry to get your hopes up kid" he said while he grabbed my sword and threw it back. "Howare we going to train then?" I said with a disappointed voice. "With this ofcourse, stupid!" he said and threw back a wooden sword.

I had no time to play games or argue with him. I took my stance, and so did he.
I sprung forth, trying to hit him with a flurry of attacks! All parried perfectly, my old man was no joke with the sword. "You're to eager, Jonah!" "Shut up father, I'm trying to hit you!" I said while trying catching my breath. I tried again, one, two, three, four five, he countered me easily, put out his leg and I tripped over it. "Not fair! I thought we were practising with swords!". "You think your enemies are going to fully respect you when they're fighting for their lives?" he said with an absolute voice. "Noo..." is all I could bring forth.

I stood up again and took my stance. "I'm gonna get you father!" "Come on!" he said smiling. I leaped forward and tried to poke him with the sword, nothing worked. "Damn it!" I yelled in frustration. "Easy, Jonah, you're to eager, have patience!".
I tried again, swinged my sword in frustration, father just smiled as he dodged or parried my sword. My body was getting heavy, I could barely lift my arms anymore. "Done already?" father said with a laugh "I thought you were going to hit me son" he kept laughing, almost dancing and mocking me in the rain.

"Woohh I'm tired, my arms wont go up!" I said as I fell to the dirt, which was now mostly mud thanks to all the rain. Father came and lied next to me. "You know, Jonah, I'll try and come more so we can practice. But when I'm not here, you have to do physical training. That is as important as swordskills, you need to be able to keep up!" "Physical training, like what?" I said. "Like running, helping the town with all sorts of tasks, carry stuff, whatever it is, wood, ale, steel or iron. You do your part, OK?" "I will!".

"So, son, are you looking forward to the "Duel of the Crystal" this spring?" "Yes very much, I want to compete one day, and win land and the crystal to this town!"
Father smiled, but it was not his usual smile, he looked worried. "Be sure to wait until you're 17 to enter!" "Ofcourse, why would I enter before that?" "..." father just sighed.
"You know the rules of "Crystal-duel", Jonah?" "No, not every rule, will you tell me father?" "Ofcourse, you're going to have to learn them soon anyway!"

"You know the basics right, you dont have to enter before you're 17, but you can if you want to. Women dont have to enter ever, but they can if they want to. If you dont enter your name when you're 17, punishment is death. So dont ever forget, OK Jonah?" "I wont forget!" "Good, we as the town of "No-tal" will face the town called "So-tal", "No" for north and "So" for south. East and west will also face eachother. The winner between the two matches both recieves extra land as a reward, then the winners will face eachothers for the crystal. "Got it?" he said. "Yes, so far!".
He continued, when dueling your opponent, there are no rules so make sure you're ready for everything!" "Yes father, I'll try to be careful!" "Not good enough Jonah, you have to be careful, OK?" "Yes...".

title: [AA-FN] The Eager Knight [Chap1]

question: What does the story say about John's squire?

question: What does the story say about Jonah Krant?

answer: Jonah Krant (The Strong Knight) is a 13-year old boy who wants to become a knight. He idolizes his father, Jon, who works as a Night Guard that watches the forest for unknown threats. Jonah receives sword training from Jon, but not as much as he would like as the latter is always on guard duty. Jonah does odd jobs in town helping folks out (following the advice of his father), so he can build up the physical strength needed to be effective with a sword. Jonah is training for the Duel of the Crystal, an annual spring tournament he is required to enter upon turning 17.

question: What does the story say about the Duel of the Crystal?

answer: The Duel of the Crystal is an annual tournament held on the island each spring. The island's four towns, No-tal, So-tal, Ea-tal, and We-tal ("No" means "north", "So" is "south" and so on) compete for more land and the crystal in a playoffs elimination-type tournament. The winners of their bracket (e.g. No-tal vs So-tal) receive extra land as a reward and will face each other for the crystal. It is mandatory for boys who reach 17 to enter their names or face the punishment of death. Boys under-17 can also enter the tournament, although it is not required, and women don't have to enter ever, but they can if they want to. The duel itself has no specific set of rules.

question: What does the story say about Jon (Jonah's father)?

answer: Jon Krant works as a Night Guard and he takes great pride in his work. They are tasked with watching the forest for unknown threats day and night. Jon is a good swordsman and tries to teach his son, Jonah, proper sword skills before the latter reaches 17 years of age. Jon tells Jonah that he needs to be physically fit and strong to be effective with a sword. He also advises his son not to enter the Duel of the Crystal until he reaches 17. Jon seems worried about Jonah, possibly because he knows his son doesn't have the strength or skill needed to survive the tournament yet, or that his son might enter the tournament earlier than what is required.


text:
Part of the Council for International Schools (CIS) accreditation process asks schools to “demonstrate a commitment to internationalism/interculturalism in education” and that this should be “reflected throughout the life of the institution.” In this article, I will be presenting the case that schools of a religious tradition are best placed to fulfil this aspect of education given their deeply rooted sense of history, tradition and culture.

In her book “International Mindedness” Lesley Stagg concludes by paraphrasing Dan Young “Internationalism advocates the quality of ‘being’ international within the overall climate and character evident when you enter the school. It includes the one for all organizational principles that reflect a global community concern (known to its community to exist inside and outside its walls), as well as an overall positive attitude between diverse cultures (and countries). It is evidenced where students and faculty celebrate this quality as they come together for learning and teaching… when common global interests and collaboration are recognized as imperative.”

To my mind, in order to successfully meet this goal, it is essential that the school have at least one unifying feature. There must be something tangible that unites all in the midst of diversity. CIS exhorts the guiding statements of a school as this focal point and these guiding statements must be embedded in the curriculum and in the culture of learning. This is not particularly controversial and is something commonly accepted in the domain of international schools. However, I would like to suggest that in reality, many international schools across the world do not have this one unifying feature and that, in fact in many cases, their guiding statements are contrived, jargonistic and essentially meaningless. The exception to this fact being those schools, which have a deep-rooted sense of history, enshrined in tradition and have a culture that is known and embraced by the wider community. I would argue that this is the case in schools underpinned by a religious tradition.

Moreover, in order to create an “overall positive attitude between diverse cultures (and countries)” it is necessary to celebrate what unites families from diverse cultures and countries and in many cases, this is their religious experience. Children from a multitude of countries, different races, speaking different languages and having a range of cultural norms, inevitably populate an International School. Finding something to unite such a diverse community is a challenge CIS recognizes, but within a school embracing a religious tradition, there is no challenge because, despite the obvious diversity, children and their families are united by their religious beliefs. This is more obviously the case when they all hark from the same religious tradition, but I contend that it can also be the case when children of different religions, or denominations within a particular religion, are educated together as their belief in God (or in some cases a Supreme Being) transcends any of their apparent differences. Many dismiss too often religion as a cause of conflict but I would argue the contrary and suggest that in reality religion unites people due to the fact that they have a common sense of purpose and of human dignity. Nothing is more unifying than a common set of beliefs. This permeates deeper than any contrived ideology.

Central to religious identity is a call to community, to social justice, to a respect for human dignity, to peace and reconciliation and to celebrating unity in diversity. These are the features of international mindedness that CIS wants schools to embrace. Whilst many schools barely touch the tip of the iceberg with respect to international mindedness, schools with a religious identity and faith commitment are deeply rooted in their sense of mission, of their ethos, of their values. International Schools of a non-religious nature could learn a lot by looking at schools of a religious nature. They would observe that in the vast majority of cases (some schools with a religious identity are clearly better than others) that the guiding statements of the school are embedded throughout the institution. In the best schools, the mission and ethos of the school are deeply embedded in the curriculum. Such schools do not have a narrow view of curriculum as merely the teaching of a syllabus or academic program but moreover that it is inclusive of all aspects of a child’s learning experience and development as a human person. Subsequently, children will learn explicitly about issues of prejudice and discrimination, different belief systems (other than that of the denomination of the institution), ethical systems, cultural norms, the dignity of the human person, social enterprise and the like. Furthermore, schools with a religious tradition have always valued prayer and meditation as an essential part of human development. Recognizing this the secular world now promotes “mindfulness” as a non-religious alternative to meditation. Separating meditation from faith, where Buddhist, Christian or another, is somewhat morally bankrupt and a very dubious business in itself.

Many international schools have adopted mission statements but sometimes these are a uniformity of bland clichés with no deep sense of an underlying philosophy. Perhaps even more worrying is the trend for schools to adopt the language of “No child left behind” and focus on college and workplace preparedness as the raison d’etre of education rather than focusing on the development of the whole child with the human dignity. It is immoral to see a child as no more than economic fodder for the future workplace. Schools should reject any policy or system that diminishes the dignity of the human person and refutes the idea that anyone can be reduced to the status of an economic unit or passive-dependent.

Recognizing the distinct nature that schools underpinned by a religious tradition have, and by learning from their best practice, International Schools across the world can learn to emulate the “one for all” educational principles that underpin faith schools. The shared “worldview” that unites people of faiths underpins the values and mission of such schools and enables them to be truly international.

question: What is the article's main criticism for the "workplace readiness" kind of mission statement of schools?

answer: The author finds it reprehensible to see a child as economic fodder.

question: Why does religion underpin a sense of internationalism?

answer: The author claims that's because of their deeply rooted sense of history, tradition, and culture.

question: Summarize the author's view about the central tenets of a religion.

answer: The core of religious identity is a call to community, social justice, respect for human dignity, peace and reconciliation, and celebrating unity in diversity.

question: How does the author justify that "mindfulness" separated from religion is morally bankrupt?

answer: There's no justification, it's just stated.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The author argues that schools of a religious tradition have a deeply rooted sense of history, tradition, and culture. It follows that these institutions reflect a sense of commitment to internationalism/interculturalism. The author argues that there needs to be one unifying feature for cohesion, which faith supplies. This shared worldview enables schools of a religious tradition to be truly international.


text:
THREE HILL CREEK is a stream in St. Francois and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Missouri.[1] It is a tributary of Big River.[2]

The stream headwaters arise in Washington County at with an elevation of 960 feet.[3] The stream flows to the north-northeast crossing into St. Francois County and under Missouri Route 47 roughly two miles north of the source. The stream confluence with Big River is five miles northwest of Bonne Terre[4] at and an elevation of 594 feet.[5]

Three Hill Creek was so named on account of three hills near its headwaters.[6]

[1]

[2]

[3] _Mineral Point, MO,_ 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1958 (1982 rev.)

[4] _Bonne Terre, MO,_ 7.5 Minute Topographic Quadrangle, USGS, 1958 (1982 rev.)

[5]

[6]

title: Three Hill Creek

question: Where is Three Hill Creek located?

answer: It is located in the St. Francois and Washington counties in the U.S. state of Missouri?

question: Why is the creek named as such?

answer: It is named for the three hills near its headwaters.

question: What is the Three Hill Creek a tributary of?

answer: The Three Hill Creek is a tributary of the Big River.

question: How much water flows through Three Hill Creek on a daily basis?

answer: Not answered.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article details the Three Hill Creek, located in the U.S. state of Missouri.


text:
I wrote this when I was 14 and I'm looking to rewrite it. Suggestions for change are encouraged.

**Rats**

The man had come to town in a large, beat up, eighteen-wheeler. The side of the truck advertised the clear effectiveness of his chosen career path, shown by a rat with its eyes X'd out and a skull-and-crossbones over its head. Its limp body was encased in sharp light from the lightning bolt hitting its fragile frame. One glance at the side of the beat up van told you exactly what this man did and what a fine job he did of it. He arrived at the town's lowest point like an ill timed superhero. There was no phone communication; the rats had sliced through them with obvious malicious intention. There was next to no food, it had been stolen and hoarded by the vicious beasts. They kept it and ate it slowly in front of us. A few would run up from the sewers and nibble on a ham in the gutter and before you could get to them they would rush down the storm drain, cackling as they went. They terrified the children, who wouldn't go out and play in the streets, and if they did they went in packs, finding some comfort in numbers.

They had come about two weeks before the man and it almost seemed planned the way they dismantled the town. They mainly stayed out of the way of the public. One would be spotted in the produce at the local store or in the corner of a house harassing the dog. They grew from there till they were in the beds and behind the curtains waiting to leap at whoever was unfortunate enough to uncover them. They were in gardens and sheds, swarming over any weapons that could be used to stop them. They chewed off the stocks of rifles, gnashed their way through the handles of shovels and hoes, and dragged off cutlery to the sewers, hoarding it with the food.

We're not sure who spotted the monstrous vehicle first but whoever it was ran to the mayor's office, past the streets heavily laden with filth and black spirited brown rats. Mayor Hamlin himself, the most famous person known to all who lived in the area, knocked on the back of the truck and the doors immediately flew open and out stumbled a gray bearded, greasy haired, rank man who fell face first into the muck on the street.

The man got to his feet in the most dignified manner possible for a man who just fell out of a poorly decorated, rusting insult to all respectable eighteen-wheelers. The crowd gathered round had moved back with an over exaggerated gasp, in a sad attempt to create drama and maintain suspense.

"Welcome to our town!" said Hamlin cheerfully, with a hint of nervousness shown by the sweat beading on his balding head.

The man stared at him, bewildered. A rat crawled on top of the van.

"Our, um, able-bodied townspeople couldn't help but notice that you seem to make a, um, living off of, erm, pest control?"

The man nodded and grunted a confirmation. A rat crawled up the wheel of the van and started gnawing nonchalantly on the rubber, vaguely interested in what was going on around it.

"Our town is in desperate need of someone with your, um, expertise. What are your wages?"

Silence embraced the crowd. The man spoke with a voice that sounded like gravel being slowly moved by a shovel, raspy and dry. He named a figure, the only word anyone in the town ever heard him spoke. The words hung in the air, the lofty price floating high above their heads and wallets, taunting the town with a number just out of their reach.

Mayor Hamlin's eyes bulged out of his head like a pumpkin being slowly squashed by a steam roller. "I will, uh, certainly have to discuss this with my constituents."

The constituents wholeheartedly agreed and retreated with the mayor to the building next to his office which was a school during day and town hall the rest of the time. One man ran through the streets and called the meeting to the public's notice and so the constituents ran from their holes and homes to enter the school like they used to when they were children, and their parents before them. They sat down in chairs two sizes too small for all of them. Most had bought their children who glared indignantly in the corner at their artwork hung up on the wall, now in tatters from the rats. They celebrated in hushed joy, however, at the textbooks in the same state as the artwork.

Hamlin settled the crowd with a short rap on the blackboard with a yardstick. He tried his hardest to be professional and maintain control. The board was cluttered with equations and sentences and cursive handwriting, an odd backdrop for the small, sweating man who chose the school as the place for town hall meetings in a desperate hope to strike a chord of authority when making the townspeople sit in their old desks and think of him reminiscent of their own teachers. Hamlin erased the board and stretched his arm up as far as he could reach (about the middle of the board) and wrote the man's figure in chalk. Below that he wrote what the town could afford. There was a large gap between the two numbers which the town recognized even with their minimal math training.

"Well? Any suggestions?" asked Hamlin, who checked corners for rats as he anxiously tapped the yardstick in his hand just waiting for one to drop from the ceiling. (The rats chittered amongst themselves beneath the floorboards, waiting on the decision.)

A man in the back looked around, and after seeing that no one else was going to talk stood up and said "Why don't we offer to 'elp him out? Then he'll charge less!" He smiled a very self satisfactory smile and everyone sitting close to him congratulated him on his idea.

Mayor Hamlin looked disappointed. "No no that won't do" he said "There's not enough equipment probably and he seems too professional to want help." Everyone sitting close to the man who spoke from the back row glared at him and rolled their eyes at his poor thinking skills.

After a moment of silence, a girl about 9 or 10 years old in the second row raised her hand. Everyone chuckled and Hamlin pointed at her, ushering her to speak.

"Well" She said loudly "I say we give 'im what we 'ave so he finks we got more right? Then he does his job and we say we can't pay the rest! Wots he gonna do? Bring the rats back? He's already kill'd 'em hasn't he?"

The town agreed with this plan and thought this was a good deal for everyone because he was charging an outrageous price and must learn to be reasonable. Plus, the rat problem had to go.

Hamlin was shocked that he hadn't thought of this himself. He thanked the girl and ushered everyone out of the school/town hall. The mayor bustled into his office next door and pulled a wad of money from the wall safe, bustling back out again to a crowd waiting expectantly to see what happened next.

title: Rats: A Retelling of the Pied Piper of Hamelin

question: What is Mayor Hamlin's role in the story?

answer: Mayor Hamlin is the principle representative of the people and town. He speaks for the people and represents their interests. He's the first to greet the pest control man and ask for a quote on his services. He calls his constituents to gather at the school/town hall and leads the meeting. He exudes authority and manages the meeting, calling on people to speak individually. He acts as the go between for the pest control man and the town, listing out the man's quoted fees and presenting it to the people. He acts as the arbiter of the meeting, approving of disapproving of the people's suggestions. When the town agrees that the best course of action is to defraud the pest control man, Hamlin springs the plan into action collecting the town's limited funds to present to the pest control man.


text:
BARRERA is a census-designated place (CDP) in Starr County, Texas, United States. It is a new CDP formed from part of the Los Alvarez CDP prior to the 2010 census with a population of 108.[1]

Geography

Barrera is located at (26.392541, -98.898505).[2]

[1]

[2]

title: Barrera, Texas

question: Where is Barrera?

answer: Starr County, Texas, United States

question: When was Barrera formed?

answer: prior to the 2010 census

question: What is the population of Barrera?

answer: 108

question: What are the coordinates of Barrera?

answer: 26.392541, -98.898505

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Barrera is a census-designated place in Starr County, Texas, United States with a population of 108.


text:
WILLIAM MATHENY (also known as BILLY MATHENY) is a Morgantown, West Virginia based singer-songwriter. Matheny was also a multi-instrumentalist for Southeast Engine and is currently a keyboardist and guitarist for The Paranoid Style. His musical style has been compared to the likes of Elvis Costello, Nick Lowe, Marshall Crenshaw, and The Modern Lovers’ Jonathan Richman.[1]

Early life

Born in 1984 in Mannington, West Virginia, he is the grandson of Mansfield Matheny, lead singer for The Rhythm Rascals.[2] His great-grandfather was a gospel singer and his father was a bluegrass guitarist. Matheny claims to have been performing with bands as a guitarist since the age of nine. He became the drummer of Cheap Truckers’ Speed[3] as a teenager, eventually moving to Morgantown and becoming a musician-for-hire.

Musical career

In 2008, Matheny joined the band Southeast Engine as a pianist and organ player.[4] He remained with the band until it went on “indefinite hiatus” at the end of 2012. Since that time, Matheny has continued to serve as a musician for The Paranoid Style (featuring Timothy Bracy of The Mendoza Line and Slow Dazzle) and Todd Burge,[5] among others. He and his band have been writing and recording the album that would eventually become Strange Constellations since 2013.[6] Matheny has appeared on the West Virginia Public Broadcasting program Mountain Stage a total of four times to date, both as a solo artist and as a member of a band.[7]

Current live band members[8]

-   Adam Meisterhans—guitar
-   J. Tom Hnatow—guitar
-   Bud Carroll—guitar
-   Jeremy Batten—keyboard
-   Ian Thornton—bass
-   John R. Miller—bass
-   Rod Elkins—drums
-   Sean Hallock—drums
-   Clint Sutton—drums

Discography

As Billy Matheny

-   _Billy Matheny_ (self-released, 2004)[9]
-   _Born of Frustration_ (self-released, 2006) – sometimes credited to “Billy Matheny & The Frustrations”[10][11]

With Southeast Engine

-   _Canary_ (Misra Records, 2011)[12]
-   _Canaanville_ (Misra Records, 2012)[13][14]

With The Paranoid style

-   _The Power of Our Proven System_ (Misra Records, 2013)[15]
-   _The Purposes of Music in General_ (Misra Records, 2013)[16]
-   _Rock & Roll Just Can't Recall_ (Battle Worldwide Recordings, 2015)[17]
-   _Rolling Disclosure_ (Bar/None Records, 2016)[18]
-   _Underworld U.S.A._ (Bar/None Records, 2017)[19]

As William Matheny

-   _Blood Moon Singer EP_ (self-released, 2016)[20]
-   _Strange Constellations_ (Misra Records, 2017)[21]
-   _Moon Over Kenova_ (Misra Records, 2018)[22]
-   _Flashes & Cables/Christian Name 7"_ (Misra Records, 2018)[23]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]  Songs, Reviews, Credits {{!}} AllMusic|website=AllMusic|access-date=24 December 2016}}

[10]

[11]  Songs, Reviews, Credits {{!}} AllMusic|website=AllMusic|access-date=24 December 2016}}

[12]  Credits {{!}} AllMusic|website=AllMusic|access-date=24 December 2016}}

[13]  Southeast Engine|website=southeastengine.com|access-date=24 December 2016}}

[14]

[15]

[16]  Biography & History {{!}} AllMusic|website=AllMusic|access-date=24 December 2016}}

[17]

[18]

[19] http://www.theweeklings.com/oking/2017/10/08/an-interview-with-the-paranoid-styles-elizabeth-nelson/

[20]

[21]

[22] https://www.popmatters.com/william-matheny-moon-over-kenova-2540932599.html

[23]

title: William Matheny (musician)

question: Who is William Matheny?

answer: He is a singer-songwriter.

question: Where is William Matheny based at?

answer: He is based in Morgantown, West Virginia.

question: How can you describe Matheny's musical career?

answer: He had a good musical career with different bands and artists to learn and gain experience from.

question: How many current live band members are there?

answer: According to the article, there are 8 current live band members.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article highlights the musical career of William Matheny, a singer and song writer based in Morgantown, West Virginia.


text:
ŽELJKA ČIŽMEŠIJA (born 19 October 1970) is a Croatian retired figure skater. She placed as high as 11th at the European Championships (1987, 1989) and competed at two Winter Olympics (1988, 1992). She was the first woman to represent Croatia at the Olympics.[1]

Career

Čižmešija began appearing internationally for SFR Yugoslavia in the 1980s. She finished 13th at the 1984 World Junior Championships. In 1986, she made her first appearances at senior-level ISU Championships, placing 16th at Europeans and 21st at Worlds.

The following season, Čižmešija finished 11th at the 1987 European Championships in Sarajevo and 16th at the 1987 World Championships in Cincinnati. She placed 22nd at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, Canada. She had another 11th-place finish at the 1989 European Championships in Birmingham, England.

On 7 March 1990, at the 1990 World Championships, Čižmešija became the last skater to perform a compulsory figure in international competition (David Liu having previously become the last male skater to do it). Both she and Liu received certificates for it.[2]

In her final season, Čižmešija represented Croatia. Training was difficult due to the war and lack of ice.[3] She placed 25th at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, France.[4] She retired from competition at the end of the season.

Personal life

Željka Čižmešija is the sister of Tomislav Čižmešija,[5] who competed in men's singles for Croatia at the 1992 Olympics.

Results

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| International                                                         |
+:=====================================================================:+
| Event                                                                 |
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| Olympics                                                              |
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| Worlds                                                                |
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| Europeans                                                             |
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| Skate America                                                         |
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| Golden Spin                                                           |
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| International: Junior                                                 |
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| Junior Worlds                                                         |
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[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

title: Željka Čižmešija

question: Summarize the political events around the height of Cizmesija's career.