text:
The KINGDOM OF LAVO was a political entity (mandala) on the left bank of the Chao Phraya River in the Upper Chao Phraya valley from the end of Dvaravati civilization, around the 7th century, until 1388. The original center of Lavo civilization was Lavo (modern Lopburi), but the capital shifted southward to Ayutthaya around the 11th century, whereupon the state became the Ayutthaya Kingdom according to recent historical analysis.

History

Background

Dvaravati and Mon domination

[Mon Territory of Dvaravati] The area of Dvaravati (what is now Thailand) was first inhabited by Mon people who had arrived and appeared centuries earlier. The foundations of Buddhism in central Southeast Asia were laid between the 6th and 9th centuries when a Theravada Buddhist culture linked to the Mon people developed in central and northeastern Thailand. Theravadans believe that enlightenment can be obtained only by one living the life of a monk (and not by a layman). Unlike Mahayana Buddhists, who admit the texts of numerous Buddhas and Bodhisattvas into canon, Theravadans venerate only the Buddha Gautama, the founder of the religion. The Mon Buddhist kingdoms that rose in what are now parts of Laos and Central Plain of Thailand were collectively called Dvaravati.[1]

The Mon of Lavo

The legendary first king of Lavo, Phraya Kalavarnadit, a Mon ruler, was said to have established the city around 450 CE[2] as one of the Dvaravati city-states. Kalavarnadit established a new era called the Chula Sakarat, which was the era used by the Siamese and the Burmese until the 19th century.

Kalavarnadit used the name “Lavo” as the name of the kingdom, which came from the Hindu name “Lavapura”, meaning “city of Lava”, in reference to the ancient South Asian city of Lavapuri (present-day Lahore).[3]

The only native language found during early Lavo times is the Mon language. However, there is debate whether Mon was the sole ethnicity of Lavo. Some historians point out that Lavo was composed of mixed Mon and Lawa people (a Palaungic-speaking people),[4][5] with the Mons forming the ruling class. It is also hypothesized that the migration of Tai peoples into Chao Phraya valley occurred during the time of the Lavo kingdom.

Theravada Buddhism remained a major belief in Lavo although Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism from the Khmer Empire wielded considerable influence.[6] Around the late 7th century, Lavo expanded to the north. In the Northern Thai Chronicles, including the _Cāmadevivaṃsa_, Camadevi, the first ruler of the Mon kingdom of Hariphunchai, was said to be a daughter of a Lavo king.

Few records are found concerning the nature of the Lavo kingdom. Most of what we know about Lavo is from archaeological evidence. Tang dynasty chronicles record that the Lavo kingdom sent tributes to Tang as Tou-ho-lo. In his diary, the monk Xuanzang referred to Dvaravati-Lavo as Tou-lo-po-ti, which seems to echo the name Dvaravati, as a state between Chenla and the Pagan Kingdom. By the Song dynasty, Lavo was known as _Luówō_ ().

Khmer domination

[Map of South-east Asia c. 900 AD, showing the Khmer Empire in red, Champa in yellow and Haripunjaya in light Green plus additional surrounding states.] Isanavarman I of the Chenla Kingdom expanded Khmer influence to the Chao Phraya valley through his campaigns around the 7th century.[7] Dvaravati cities that fell under Khmer hegemony became Lavo, while the Western cities were spared from Khmer hegemony and formed Suvarnabhumi.[8] Lavo was the center from which Khmer authority ruled over the Dvaravati.

Around the 10th century, the city-states of Dvaravati merged into two mandalas – the Lavo (modern Lopburi) and Suvarnabhumi (modern Suphan Buri). According to a legend in the Northern Chronicles, in 903, a king of Tambralinga invaded and took Lavo and installed a Malay prince to the Lavo throne. The Malay prince was married to a Khmer princess who had fled an Angkorian dynastic bloodbath. The son of the couple contested for the Khmer throne and became Suryavarman I, thus bringing Lavo under Khmer domination through personal union. Suryavarman I also expanded into Isan, constructing many temples.

Arrival of Tai

Modern Thai historians think the Tai peoples originated in northern Vietnam and Guangxi province in China.[9] The origin of the Tai peoples were living in northern Southeast Asia by the 8th century. Five linguistic groups emerged: the northern Tai in China (ancestors of Zhuang); the upland Tai people in northern Vietnam (ancestors of the Black, White and Red Tai); the Tais in northeastern Laos and bordering Vietnam (ancestors of the Tai of Siang Khwang and the Siamese in Ayutthaya); the Tai in northern Laos; and the Tai west of Luang Prabang, northern Thailand and in the adjoining parts of Laos, Yunnan and Burma.[10] The Tai people had emigrated in the area what is now Thailand around 11th century, the land was already inhabited by Mon and Khmer speaking peoples, who had arrived earlier.

Tai Villages and Mueang

[Image of Siamese mercenaries in Angkor Wat. Later the Siamese would form their own kingdom and become a major rival of Angkor.]

Tai peoples lived in the lowland and river valleys of mainland Southeast Asia. Assorted ethnic and linguistic group lived in the hills. The Tai village consisted of nuclear families working as subsistence rice farmers, living in small houses elevated above the ground. Households bonded together for protection from external attacks and to share the burden of communal repairs and maintenance. Within the village, a council of elders was created to help settle problems, organise festivals and rites and manage the village. Village would combine to form a Mueang (), a group of villages governed by a Chao () (lord).[11] When Tai people settled in Central Plain of Thailand, the Cambodian ruler saw Tai people as barbarian, who came from China, and named them as SIEM () in Khmer language. The Tai lords adopted both Mon alphabet and Khmer alphabet, which the Tai developed into their own writing systems as Tai Tham alphabet, for the Thai Yuan people in the north, and Khom-Thai alphabet, for the Siamese Tai in the lower region. The Siamese also called themselves as Tai or Thai and called Lavo as “Lopburi” in Tai dialect language.

Settled in the rural fringes of the Khmer Empire and in upper Laos, the Tai peoples, united by their lords, were becoming a formidable threat to the Khmer Empire. Despite intermarriage between the Tai and the Khmer ruling families, the Tai people kept their distinct cultural and ethnic identity, retaining their own languages and units of social organisation.

Tai city states appearance

Siamese Lopburi (11th century)

The formidable political control exercised by the Angkor Empire extended not only over the centre of the Khmer province, where the majority of the population was Khmer, but also to outer border provinces likely populated by non-Khmer peoples—including areas to the north and northeast of modern Bangkok, the lower central plain and the upper Pink river in the Lamphun-Chiang Mai region.[12]

The Tai people were the predominant non-Khmer groups in the areas of central Thailand that formed the geographical periphery of the Khmer Empire. Tai groups were probably assimilated into Khmer population. Historical records show that they maintained their cultural distinctiveness, although their animist religion partially gave way to Buddhism. Tai historical documents note that the period of the Angkor Empire was one of great internal strife. During the 11th and 12th centuries, territories with a strong Tai presence, such as Lopburi (in what is now north-central Thailand), resisted Khmer control.[13]

In the 11th century, Lopburi was governed by a Cambodian prince, as a part of vassal state of the Khmer Empire of Angkor, However, Lopburi wanted liberation and sought acknowledgement from China (Song dynasty) in 1001 and 1155 as an independent state. Lopburi's large Tai population and its roots in the Dvaravati did not assimilate well with the Khmer civilisation, and in Khmer writings Lopburi was considered a province of Angkor that had a Syamese (Siamese) identity.[14]

The Khmer influences on Lavo began to wane as a result of the growing influence of the emerging Burmese kingdom of Pagan. In 1087, Kyansittha of Pagan invaded Lavo, but King Narai of Lavo was able to repel the Burmese invasion and Lavo, emerging relatively stronger from the encounter, was thus spared from either Khmer or Burmese hegemony. King Narai moved the capital to Ayodhaya[15] and Lavo was then able to exert pressure on Suvarnabhumi to the west and slowly to take its cities.

Yet another wave of Khmer invasions arrived under Jayavarman VII. This time, Lavo was assimilated into the religious cosmos of the Khmer Empire – Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism. Khmer influence was great on Lavo arts and architecture as seen in the Prang Sam Yot.

In 1239, the Tai governor of Sukhothai rebelled and declared independence from Lavo – giving birth to the Sukhothai Kingdom. In Thai chronicles Lavo is called “Khmer”, and during the 13th century the Lavo kingdom shrank swiftly due to the expansion of Sukhothai under Ram Khamhaeng the Great, retreating to its heartland around Lavo and Ayodhaya.

The Kingdom of Lavo, Lo-hu, sent embassies to China between 1289 and 1299.[16]

King Vorachet, the tenth king of Ayodhaya (counting King Narai as the first) is hypothesized to be the same person as Uthong of the Ayutthaya kingdom.[17] Uthong of Lavo and Borommarachathirat I of Suvarnabhumi co-founded a new Ayutthaya, and Uthong became the king of the city. But Pa Ngua took Ayutthaya from Uthong's son Ramesuan in 1370 and Ramesuan returned to his homeland at Lavo. In 1388 Ramesuan took revenge by taking Ayutthaya back from Pa Ngua's son, Thonglan.

Pa Ngua's nephew Intharacha took Ayutthaya back for Suvannabhum in 1408. The Lavo dynasty was then purged and became a mere noble family of Ayutthaya until the 16th century.

[Prang Sam Yot, showing considerable Khmer influences on the architecture]

[1] Ellen London, 2008, Thailand Condensed 2000 years of history and culture, Singapore: Marshall Cavendish Editions,

[2]

[3] Phanindra Nath Bose, _The Indian colony of Siam,_ Lahore, The Punjab Sanskrit Book Depot, 1927, p.v.

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9] Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014). Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai . _MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities_, Special Issue No 20: 47–64.

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15] 1

[16]

[17]

title: Lavo Kingdom

question: Where was the Kingdom of Lavo?

answer: The Kingdom was on the left bank of the Chao Phraya River from the end of Dvaravati civilization.

question: Did the Kingdom have a capital?

answer: Lavo was the original capital until the title was shifted to Ayutthaya.

question: Who was inhabiting the Lavo Kingdom?

answer: The Mon people were the first to arrive. However, there is a debate on whether the Mon were the sole ethnicity to be found in the kingdom.

question: Who was the king?

answer: Phraya Kalavarnadit.

question: Write a ~8 sentence summary.

answer:
The Kingdom of Lavo was a political entity located on the left bank of the Chao Phraya River. The kingdom was first inhabited by Mon people. Phraya Kalavarnadit, a Mon ruler, was the first king.

There is a debate on whether Mon was the sole ethnicity in the kingdom. Some argue that Lavo consisted of mixed Mon and Lawa people. Theravada Buddhism was a major belief, although Hinduism and Mahayana Buddhism also had a considerable influence.

After Pa Ngua's nephew took the capital, Ayutthaya for Suvannabhum in 1408, the Lavo dynasty purged. It became a mere noble family of Ayutthaya until the 16th century.


split: train

text:
JESSE LYNCH WILLIAMS (August 17, 1871 – September 14, 1929) was an American author and dramatist. He won the first Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his play _Why Marry?_ (1917). He was a journalist for three New York publications and co-founded the _Princeton Alumni Weekly_ and the Princeton Triangle Club.

Early life

Born in Sterling, Illinois on August 17, 1871 to Elizabeth Brown (Riddle) and Rev. Meade Creighton Williams,[1] pastor of a Presbyterian church in St. Louis, Missouri.[2] His father wrote _Early Mackinac_ and was the editor of a Presbyterian journal. Jesse's brothers were David. R. Williams, of St. Louis, and Terrell Williams, a law school professor of Washington University in St. Louis.[3]

His grandfather, also Jesse Lynch Williams, was appointed by President Abraham Lincoln as the government director of the roads. He was an engineer and constructor for the Union Pacific Railroad.[4]

Education and career

Williams studied at Beloit Academy.[5] He began his literary career in college. He won the _Nassau Literary Magazine_ short story contest in his junior year.[6] He received his Bachelor's degree in 1892.[7] As a graduate student at Princeton University, he wrote _Princeton Stories_ (1895)[8] which often featured the daily life of an undergraduate football player. He graduated from Princeton with a Master's degree in 1895.[9] In 1898, he wrote _The History of Princeton University_ with John de Witt.[10] He and Booth Tarkington co-founded the Triangle Club at Princeton[11] and edited _The Lit_. For three years, beginning in 1900, he co-founded and was the first editor of the _Princeton Alumni Weekly_.[12] Robert Frost wrote a recommendation to the University of Michigan regarding his suitability for the Fellowship of Creative Arts. Frost indicated that Williams was relevant, open-minded, practical, a “good all-around participator”, and, along with his wife, good company. During the 1925–1926 academic year, he held the Fellowship in Creative Arts at the University of Michigan.[13][14] He received an honorary Doctor of Letters from Princeton in 1919.[15]

Beginning in 1893, he was a reporter for _The New York Sun_, and wrote fiction on the side.[16][17] He joined the staff at the _New York Commercial Advertiser_ (_The New York Globe_) from 1895 to 1897, followed by the _Scribner's Magazine_. From 1900 to 1903, he was the editor of the _Princeton Alumni Weekly_, after which he worked full-time writing plays and novels.[18]

He wrote a number of short stories starting in the 1890s.[19] He wrote four plays and six novels by 1929, including _Why Marry?_ (1917), for which he was awarded the first Pulitzer Prize for Drama.[20] He wrote the play _The Stolen Story_ (1906), based upon his times as a reporter,[21][22] which he first wrote as a short story, _The Stolen Story and Other Newspaper Stories._ He wrote the play _The Stolen Story_ (1906), based upon his times as a reporter.[23] His plays _Why Marry?_ (1917) and _Why Not_ (1922), and _Lovely Lady_ (1925) were produced on Broadway.[24] _Why Not_ explores the experiences of divorce. _Lovely Lady_ is about the attempts of a lady to attract the attentions of a lawyer and his son.[25] His novels and stories include _Princeton Stories_,[26] _The Adventures of a Freshman_ (1899), _The Girl and the Game_ (1908), _The Married Life of the Frederic Carrolls_ (1910),[27] and _She Knew She Was Right_.

He was a member of the Authors League of America, the National Institute of Arts and Letters, and other organizations, in which he sometimes had a leadership role.[28][29]

Marriage and children

He was married to Alice Laidlaw (1872–1960,[30] daughter of Elizabeth C. Onderdonk and Henry Bell Laidlaw, on June 1, 1898 in New York. They had three children, Henry Meade, Jesse Lynch, and Laidlaw Onderdonk Williams.[31] They lived in Princeton, New Jersey. Alice graduated from Veltin School for Girls in 1892. She was a member of the Audubon Society and the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, and a number of organizations, including sitting on the executive board of the New Jersey Equal Franchise Society.[32] She wrote a book entitled _Sunday Suppers_ (1912).[33][34]

Death

Williams died of a heart attack on September 14, 1929 at the home of Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Douglas Robinson in Jordanville, New York[35] or Herkimer, New York.[36][37]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]  From Alexander Leitch, _A Princeton Companion_, Princeton University Press (1978).

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

title: Jesse Lynch Williams

question: What is the motive of this article?

answer: The motive is to educate the reader about the life of Jesse Lynch Williams.

question: What motivated Williams to write?

answer: It may be implied that Jesse was motivated to write because of his father who was the editor of a Presbyterian journal.

question: What other career could have Williams pursued?

answer: It may be implied that he could have pursued something related to history considering that he wrote on the history of Princeton University.

question: What pushed Williams to create the Princeton Triangle Club?

answer: This information can't be found.


text:
I traveled around the world to browse underground markets to buy and sell rare animals and mystical creatures. I currently held two in my inventory - a miniature giraffe and a gnome. I was also well known among the wealthy as I would help them buy these breathing gems for them to keep as pets.

My current trip had one purpose - to negotiate a deal to purchase a young elephant for the Kardashian family. This elephant was special. At 5 feet tall, it had trunks for each leg, making it look more like an octopus on land. In a pool house in Beverly Hills, I sat across the owner of the elephant, arguing over terms of the sale. The fat Kardashian then barged in in a panic, crying her eyes out because her boyfriend, Russell Brand, had been kidnapped. I didn't care, but was pissed that it got in the way of my deal. Hoping it would help my commission, I volunteered to help find Russell. Then, there I was, driving their Hummer all over L.A.

We stopped at a gas station. I insisted to pump gas while they all went inside. Suddenly, a red truck sped through the station and, from the bed, two men in black ski masks tossed over a 4' by 4' metal plate, engraved in Arabic, and peeled out. As soon as the smoke from their exhaust cleared everyone began to slowly crowd the mysterious plate. The middle eastern cashier shoved through the crowd and fixed his glasses as he read it. He translated it for us.

"We have your infidel. We will not negotiate or return him to you. There's no amount of money that will buy away the pleasure of watching him suffer."

The police came and an investigative team drove the the Kardashian family to their headquarters while I stayed behind, realizing I had no idea where I was at this remote gas station. Dusk was approaching, and across a mesquite field I could see a square building with an empty parking lot which lights were just turned on.

I don't know how or why I was lured into it, but as I approached the building, I just knew it was a museum about Islamic expansion. I entered and was greeted by the curator, an old Arab man. He guided me through his many exhibits, standing before each one as he further explained how Islam was the seed of western civilization. He then led me into a wing where they dealt with those that defiled the name of the Prophet. I cannot rationalize why I kept walking along without fear for my safety, but I followed anyway.

I was in awe. There were flat screens along walls with crowds of 4 or 5 young students in lab coats in front of each one, alternating their heads between tilting them upward to listen and downward to turn the pages in the pad they were writing copiously in. I pardoned myself from the curator and stood behind one crowd to watch what they were learning. The video showed how starved, naked women are skinned. It was a controlled and relaxed demonstration, starting with hanging them upside down, cleanly severing their jugular and draining them of their blood. The demonstrator calmly explained that doing this would avoid bruising and helped preserve their skin color. He would then dislocate her jaw, force his arm half-forearm-deep into her throat, and jerked it out with intestines following behind. After removing the rest of her organs, they'd remove the skin and muscle from the bones. The students looked on with a fixed curious gaze, devoid of any sympathy, jotting their notes.

This wing was full of such demonstrations, displays of devices, history of techniques, and so on. I joined the curator again and kept walking along and noticed that tourists were starting to walk in, curiously looking around as if what they were seeing weren't human beings in utter pain.

As the Arab curator explained the mechanics of one of the devices he invented, his face was interrupted by his own excitement as he just remembered that his latest technique would be demonstrated live that evening. It would be the first time a human spider would be created. Inspired by 'The Human Centipede,' he wanted to push the envelope by creating a beast: to one torso as the centerpiece (arms and head attached), he'd attach two hips on each side, with legs attached, knees bent upward. The head and arms would still function and the nervous systems of all five bodies would be merged. He asked if I wanted to see who had been chosen to be the center piece and, entranced by all of this, I agreed.

He then lead me into a dark room that I later realized was a stable. He turned the light on to shine on a scrawny man clothed only in hay. It was Russell Brand. Russell awakened and rushed to the bars of the door, reaching his arm through them towards me, beginning me to let him out. If only he knew the monster he was doomed to become. The human inside me knew that he needed to be saved, but the money-driven rare animal trader inside drooled at the idea of how much a Human Spider would be worth in the market. I sighed and smiled, patted the old curator on the back and said, "I'd love to stay and observe the demonstration." Russell's eyes teared up as he watched what he thought was a sensible human being turn into an idle observer of his impending transformation.

We walked away, back into the torture wing of the museum and it was now filled with more lay tourists. As the tourists noticed the curator was present, they welcomed him with cheers and applause. He politely excused himself from me and like a celebrity he was welcomed into the crowd with pats and handshakes. They were in love with him. Two white elderly women, with rosaries around their necks, begged him to be part of his experiments. He quickly yanked the rosaries from their necks and stood coldly in front of them, offended. The crowd was silenced. The women turned towards each other and started to giggle which later broke out into laughter. They fell onto their knees and began to undress themselves, still giddy and laughing. The curator reached into one of his displays and took out an antique knife. He held it above his head and rotated in place to be sure the audience could see what he had chosen. The women excitedly stretched out their throats, almost eager for the legend to slash their necks, as if it was an autograph. They still giggled while gurgling on their blood after receiving his autograph. As the gurgling and the sound of naked flesh slapping the cold tiles of their jerking arms subsided, the crowd erupted in cheer and elation.

title: The Human Spider - a dreamer's account

question: In what time period does this story take place?

answer: It can be inferred that the story is set in the current time period. The Kardashians, LA and Russel Brand are mentioned.

question: Who is the narrator?

answer: The narrator travels the world browsing for underground markets to buy and sell rare animals and mystical creatures.

question: What are the major events of the story?

answer: The rare animal and mystical creatures dealer is negotiating the purchase of an elephant for the Kardashian family when someone close to the family, Russell Brand, is kidnapped. He volunteers to help. He enters a museum about Islamic expansion and witnesses displays of extreme torture. He learns that the curator wants to construct a human spider tonight, merging one person with 4 sets of legs. He argues with himself on whether to save the captive or sell the human spider on the black market when two women present themselves willingly for torture.

question: Who are the major characters of the story?

answer: The dealer, the curator of the museum, Russell Brand taken hostage and the two nuns who present themselves willingly for torture.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: The rare animal and mystical creatures dealer is negotiating the purchase of an elephant for the Kardashian family when someone close to the family is kidnapped. He volunteers to help. He enters a museum about Islamic expansion and witnesses displays of extreme torture. He learns that the curator wants to construct a human spider tonight, merging one person with 4 sets of legs. He argues with himself on whether to save the captive or sell the human spider on the black market when two women present themselves willingly for torture.


text:
WELLS/GOODFELLOW is a neighborhood of St. Louis, Missouri. The borders of the neighborhood are defined by the St. Louis city limits on the north-western edge, Dr. Martin Luther King Drive to the south-west, Natural Bridge Avenue to the north-east and Union Boulevard to the south-east.

Education

-   Gundlach Elementary School
-   Pierre Laclede Elementary School
-   Stowe Middle School
-   Langston Middle School

History

The rich history of this area, particularly the streets close to the north and west city limits, has been all but lost to time. Part of the area dates to before the Civil War, and at one time it was the location of the popular amusement center Suburban Garden at Kennerly and Hodiamont, but its greatest growth came in the 1920s and 1930s with a mixture of single family homes, duplexes, four-family flats and apartment buildings. Before World War II the area was considered a particularly attractive community in which to live and rear a family. Hard to believe today, but it was semi-rural. For example, on Roosevelt Place large grassy pastures extended west from the four-family flat at 5865-67 to the western city limits and north to the Wabash railroad tracks. On the west ran the City Limits streetcar line on an in-the-woods embankment a block east of Kienlen Avenue; on the north ran the Wabash corridor, with heavy rail traffic including the Wabash Cannonball at 10:08 each morning and the Bluebird at 10:13. Leschen Rope and Wire factory on Hamilton between Kennerly and Roosevelt hummed with activity day and night and had its own railroad spur leading from the Wabash tracks. The four-family flat at 5865-67 Roosevelt turned out a Missouri lieutenant governor, a highly awarded nurse, a successful sculptor, and a celebrated teacher. Next to the building the occupant of one flat kept horses in a barn and blackberry patches stretched westward. A well-known case involving alien abductions—or the illusion of them—also took place in this building over an extended time beginning in the 1940s before there were any flying saucer images or knowledge in the culture and it affected children in multiple families in the building. The case is known to experts as high as the university level; the children involved only learned of each other's experiences, and the effects on their subsequent lives, 40 years after the fact. Laclede School on Kennerly Avenue at Goodfellow was, through the 1940s and early '50s, considered a choice grade school in the city for both students and teachers. The principal Fred S. Milam was well known for hiring the best teachers and then letting them teach, valuing autonomy and expertise. Likewise, the Wellston library was one of the most popular in the city; the children came from middle-class or lower-middle-class homes without many extras and kept the small library jammed on Saturdays as they selected which books they would next read. The area mixed a heavy Catholic population and a heavy Jewish population with other religions with harmony. When the exodus to the suburbs in the late 1950s moved swiftly the neighborhoods underwent a drastic change and today much of the area's structures are long gone. Many people who grew up in the area believe the next logical development is redevelopment of the area, as has happened with hard-luck areas in many other cities. Laclede School notably held on to its reputation through hard years for the neighborhood and the beautiful building now boasts a large gym in what had been the girls' playground.

Demographics

In 2010 Wells/Goodfellow's racial makeup was 97.5% Black, 0.7% White, 0.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, and 1.4% Two or More Races. 0.6% of the people were of Hispanic or Latino origin.[1]

[1] http://dynamic.stlouis-mo.gov/census/neigh_comp.cfm

title: Wells/Goodfellow, St. Louis

question: Summarize the historical context for the diversification of the neighborhood.


text:
Friendship: A Dying Act

There is no longer any hope for mankind. What once was a natural instinct is now considered a physical strain. It seems as though the true meaning of the word "friend" has be altered, manipulated, and transformed into something that is hardly recognizable now. What does this mean? Friendship is dead.

Few people actually know what it means to be a "true friend". Some might argue that most people never knew to begin with; this is a sad truth. People in the modern society of today are facing too many difficult problems to focus on something as minuscule as "friendship". What problems could one possibly possess that would restrain them from participating in a ritual as old as time? It's hard to know where to start.

Most of those occupying the earth today will never truly understand the real meaning of friendship. They will not experience the joys and pains that accompany such a rare relationship. They will not even attempt to devote themselves to their friendship for fear of jeopardizing their own precious lives. It is easy to assume people today have many flaws that contribute to a lack of this understanding. People are selfish, focusing only on what is best for them. Few have any respect or regard for others. The concept of friendship is foreign to this type of bunch. Never will the self-centered people of our time understand friendship. The idea of putting someone else first is revolting. Why would anyone find joy in helping others when they can simply help themselves and receive better results?

Friendship is dead. It is a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean. The waves that crash the landmark represent time. As the water passes by, it chips the edges of the boulder. Eventually, the rocky sculpture begins to erode and fade. The edges softening more and more with each hard blow, until the rock ceases to exist all together. All that is left are the remains of something that was once great, something so beautiful to look at and admire. The same can be said for friendships. The more time passes, the weaker the bond gets. Careless people of the new age, contemporary society are contributing to the casualty as well. There is no longer any hope for mankind.

A friendship so special, so rare in the world today should be admired and acknowledged. Instead, it is often questioned even criticized. No one will understand a type of friendship that provides hope and support. A type of unspoken bond that assures friends would do anything and everything for each other. There is no end to kindness. True friends recognize the other's needs before they are made public. They offer to help, simply because they receive joy and happiness from the act. There is no selfishness because real friends put the other person first; it is automatic. Such a unique relationship provides support that is hard to find otherwise. A true friendship is not in the words spoken, but those that are left unsaid. This friendship lies within implied messages. Real friends can sit in silence because they enjoy each other's company. The lack of sound and conversation is filled with unspoken truth and a bond that cannot be broken. Friends are content just being near each other.

This type of relationship used to exist, though it seems like many decades have passed since then. Gone are real friendships. They have been replaced by fake impostors. Selfish two-faced people have ruined the concept. Real friends are always there for one another, no matter the circumstances. People now tend to jump ship at the first sight of rough water. Instead of repaired the minor hole in their boat, they ignore it. Eventually the hole grows with the lack of attention. Then water fills the deck, dooming those still aboard. Boats sink, just as friendships fail.

The dying act of true friendships and meaningful relationships can still be saved. Few still exist, proving that not all hope is currently lost. People can change their ways, improve their relationships, and live an optimistic life. Whether that happens or not, will remain an unanswered question. The power of change is there; it is up to the people to decide how they use it. Ask not what your friends can do for you, but what you can do for your friends.

title: Friendship: A Dying Act

question: Describe the imagery in the passage related to rock.

answer: The narrator describes friendship as "a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean." The use of the word awkwardly here may suggest the narrator's social woes. The rock sculpture begins to fade as water "passes it by", an interesting way to describe erosion reminiscent of the difficulty of making social connections in a busy world. Then it begins to erode and fade, with the edges softening until the rock ceases to exist altogether. The metaphor evokes feelings of sadness, isolation and loneliness, all emotions the narrator is clearly struggling with.

question: What experience can one infer the narrator is having, accompanied by what emotions?

answer: One can infer the narrator is lonely. This is due to the fact that they feel not only are they unable to find a true friend, they believe that friendship itself has vanished from society at large. The narrator must be very lonely personally, but uses their personal emotion to decry the state of decay of the entire society. They believe that friendship existed "decades ago" but now it is no more.

question: What does the narrator recommend we do to "save friendship"?

answer: The narrator recommends that to "save friendship" we change our ways to improve our relationships. It says that whether that happens or not will remain an "unanswered question." The only concrete thing the narrator recommends is a version of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's speech "ask not what your friends can do for you but what you can do for your friends" — apparently cautioning us against self-absorption.

question: Describe the style of the essay.

answer: The style of the essay is baroque and dramatic. Imagery relating to the sea is used. The narrator writes about an element of human life with an immense amount of chiaroscuro. "There is no longer any hope for mankind." It is clear that the narrator is lonely and is having trouble finding a friend. However, the style of the piece is a bit over-the-top, generalizing their own suffering to a kind of apocalypse of friendship. Generally, this kind of affect would be called "purple prose," although it is true social relations have suffered in modern times.


text:
SULPHUR MOUNTAIN is a summit in St. Francois County in the U.S. state of Missouri.[1] Sulphur Mountain has an elevation of .[2] It is located east of Bismark between the Flat and the St. Francis rivers.[3]

Sulphur Mountain was so named on account of sulphur springs in the area.[4]

[1]

[2]

[3] _Missouri Atlas & Gazetteer_, DeLorme, 1998, First edition, p. 48,

[4]

title: Sulphur Mountain (Missouri)

question: What state is Sulphur Mountain located?

answer: Sulphur Mountain is located in Missouri.

question: What rivers does Sulphur Mountain lie between?

answer: Sulphur Mountain lies between the Flat River and St. Francis River.

question: Why is Sulphur Mountain named that?

answer: Sulphur Mountain is named that because of sulphur springs nearby.

question: What county does Sulphur Mountain lie in?

answer: Sulphur Mountain lies in St. Francois County.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Sulphur Mountain is a mountain in Missouri named after suplhur springs found in the area.


text:
Emilio was heading home in a drunken haze. He had been at Kingston, a bar downtown earlier that night with some of his friends. It was late now and they had all retired, Emilio was all alone. He had nowhere to go and nothing to do, for once he was a free man unemployed but free. All his life he had been told what to do and forced down a road he didn't really want to go down but that was all over, it was his life now. Before Emilio realized the gift he was given it had been one of the worst days of his life, he had been fired. Emilio had a good job as a mid level manager working at an IT firm but the economy had taken its toll on the business and he was no longer needed. His first thoughts were how was he going to find a new job in this mess but after a long night of drinking and smoking his eyes had been opened. Why walk in a straight line from A to B day after day when theres a whole alphabet waiting to be explored, why live as a robot day in and day out repeating the same thing over and over. Break the routine and take a stand, this is not the life to live. Emilio knew what he had to do, life was just beginning.

He only lived 8 blocks away and was only 1 sleep away from adventure. Emilio walked down the lonely streets, passing under the erie orange glow of the lamps. Life had never had so much purpose for young Emilio, broken free from the chains of the norm, re-born in an open world, a new man. As he walked under a broken street lamp a man with a black hood came out of an alley with a gun pointed straight at Emilio. "Give me everything you've got! Now!". Emilio froze with fear, "Can't you hear me! Give me everything yo've got, and I'm not going to say it again!", the gun man yelled. Emilio unfroze and reached for his pockets but having spent most of his money at the bar only had a small amount of change on him. He raced through his pockets and held the money out, "What the fuck is this shit? All of it! Now!", the gun man furiously yelled. Emilio stuttered "Th th this is all I have", "Bullshit I know you have more, this is your last chance", the hooded man said. "I don't, I swear" Emilio whimpered, "Swear on this", BANG! BANG! BANG! And with a thunderous applaud Emilio exited the stage, his part was over but the play had just begun.

title: My First Work, Untitled. Any Feedback and Comments are much appreciated (455 Words).

question: Why was Emilio all alone?

answer: It was late and all his friends had gone home after a night at a pub.

question: Why was this one of the worst days of Emilio's life?

answer: He had been fired and now he had no job

question: What analogy does the piece use to describe the end of Emilio's life?

answer: He is described as an actor playing a role in a play.

question: Why was Emilio killed?

answer: He had spent all his money on booze and the robber didn't believe him when he handed over his last few cents.

question: What was the gift that Emilio believed he had been given?

answer: He realized that he could break free. He didn't have to toe the line and lead a nine-to-five life. He was about to change his life and start a new adventure.

question: Did Emilio get to make the changes that he planned?

answer: He did not because he was killed before he even got home that night.


text:
LARGE APPARATUS STUDYING GRAND UNIFICATION AND NEUTRINO ASTROPHYSICS or LAGUNA is or was a European project aimed to develop the next-generation, very large volume underground neutrino observatory. The detector should be much bigger and more sensitive than any previous detector, and make new discoveries in the field of particle and astroparticle physics. The project involves 21 European institutions in 10 European countries, and brings together over 100 scientists. As of 2011, the project was assessing the feasibility of developing the observatory-infrastructure and the observatory particle detectors themselves, as well as looking for a deployment site (7 candidates) in Europe. There have also been propositions of merging the project with similar international projects, like DUSEL.[1]

In June 2011, the LAGUNA collaboration finished the Feasibility Studies of building the proposed neutrino detectors. The studies were paid for by the EU (1.7 million Euro). No further activity is known.[2]

As of 2016, the LAGUNA project seems to be defunct. No further development has happened, and it is unclear if any development will happen. Also the similar DUSEL-project in the United States was cancelled. However, the neutrino-component of the DUSEL-project (the Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment, LBNE) was rebooted as the DUNE project. The construction of DUNE started in 2017 in Sanford Lab in South Dakota, USA with expected completion 2027. It is expected that, with DUNE under construction, the LAGUNA-project will not be constructed, especially because the DUNE-project was enlarged from a USA-only project into an international project that now comprises many of the researchers worldwide (especially American and European researchers) who work on the topic, thus making the case for LAGUNA construction weaker.

Detectors

There were three possible detector technologies being studied, the MEMPHYS, GLACIER and LENA detectors, MEMPHYS being a water-based detector, GLACIER being liquid argon and LENA liquid scintillator-based. All the detectors work by observing the faint light and electric charge produced when a neutrino particle interacts with a nucleus of the liquid inside the detector. The detectors will be based deep underground (even 1.4 km deep) to filter the noise that is developed by the atmospheric and cosmic particles that bombard everything at the surface of the Earth. These noise particles do not penetrate the Earth at that depth, but the neutrinos that interact only weakly with normal matter do. The detectors will be huge in size, with the liquid target mass being of order 100 000 – 1 000 000 tons.

LENA

LENA (Low Energy Neutrino Astronomy) is a liquid scintillation detector with a mass about 50 kton. Its cylindrical shaped tank with about 100 meters height and 30 meters diameter. The actual scintillation volume is surrounded by nylon barrier and buffer volume. Additionally the buffer volume is surrounded by a pure water volume. The detection mechanism of LENA will be the photomultiplier tubes, which are designed to cover partly the walls between buffer volume and water volume.[3] The scintillation light produced in scintillation volume will be detected with those photomultiplier tubes.[4] LENA's aim is to study low energy neutrinos originated by supernova explosions, Sun and Earth's interior.[5]

Scientific goals

The goals of the project were to: study the unification of all forces by observing proton decay (a very rare phenomenon expected to occur according to some Grand Unified Theory (GUT) models but never observed), study the galactic supernovae through neutrino-observations, study terrestrial and solar neutrinos (neutrinos are formed in nuclear processes), study the excess of matter over antimatter in the universe through observing neutrino oscillations in collaboration with CERN (that provides the neutrino-beams for the experiment; neutrinos are made in the CERN and the sent as underground beam for hundreds of kilometers through the Earth to the detectors).

Sites

The candidate sites for the observatory were:

-   Callio at Pyhäsalmi Mine (Finland)
-   Fréjus Road Tunnel (France)
-   Boulby Mine (United Kingdom)
-   Umbria (this site requires a new cavern to be excavated, as in contrast to the other sites, this site is not an old mine) (Italy)
-   SUNLAB (Sieroszowice UNderground LABoratory) in Polkowice-Sieroszowice mine (Poland)
-   Unirea mine in Slănic (Romania)
-   Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Spain)

From these candidates, the observatory location is chosen (See the project website [6] for more information about the sites).

[1] Large Underground Observatory for Proton Decay, Neutrino Astrophysics and CP-violation in the Lepton Sector

[2] https://lsc-canfranc.es/en/past-experiments/

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6] Laguna sites

title: Large Apparatus studying Grand Unification and Neutrino Astrophysics

question: What does the text say about the definition of "neutrinos"?

question: What does the text say about the continuation of the LAGUNA project?

answer: The last collaboration for the LAGUNA project was in June 2011 and no activity is known after that. As of 2016, the LAGUNA project seems to be defunct and it seems no further development will happen. However, the neutrino component of the canceled DUSEL project in the United States known as the Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) was rebooted as the DUNE project. The DUNE project started construction in 2017 and was expanded from a USA-only project into an international one comprised of researchers who worked on the LAGUNA project. The development of DUNE means that the LAGUNA project is all but dead in the water.

question: Summarize interesting facts about the detector technologies.

answer: The three possible detectors being studied are MEMPHYS, GLACIER, and LENA detectors. MEMPHYS is a water-based detector, GLACIER is liquid argon-based, and LENA is liquid scintillator-based. Despite using different methods of detection, all three detectors work by observing the faint light and electric charge produced when a neutrino particle interacts with a nucleus of the liquid inside the detector. The detectors are huge, having a liquid target mass of anywhere between 100,000 - 1,000,000 tons. LENA has a mass of about 50 kton. Its cylindrical-shaped tank is 100 meters tall and has a diameter of 30 meters.

question: What does the text say about the scientific goals of the project?

answer: According to the text, the project has four scientific goals, including the unification of all forces by observing proton decay, study the galactic supernovae via neutrino observations, study terrestrial and solar neutrinos, and study the excess of matter over antimatter in the universe through observing neutrino oscillations in collaboration with CERN.

question: What does the text say about the sites for the observatory?

answer: There are seven candidate sites for the observatory. It appears most of the sites are old mines, with the exception of (presumably underground) tunnels in France and Spain, and a cave system in Italy.


text:
Floral Patterns

The young man handed a ten dollar bill across the counter, exchanging it for the freshly wrapped flowers the lady gave him.
A lovely bouquet, she said. He smiled, thanked her, and walked out of the market pavilion, exiting onto the downtown side street.

The late afternoon was bright and hot and the dewy flowers glistened optimistically. He headed down the street clutching the bouquet, passing market patrons and other sidewalkers, holding the flowers tightly to avoid them being jostled.

He passed through a crowd gathered at a bus stop, avoiding eye contact where possible. Two shirtless, rudely tattooed men sat reclined against a convenience store looking at him.

Faggot, one muttered, hoping his buddy thought he was overheard, hoping he was not overheard.

Probably.

The young man proceeded down the busy city thoroughfare, passing restaurant patios where glasses clinked and couples laughed. A group of ladies in large sunglasses and large necklaces drinking cocktails ogled him quietly as we walked by. He heard them titter and coo and knew their looks followed him. He would be the subject of their conversation for a few minutes.

He paused at a corner, putting the flowers into the crook of his arm to light a cigarette. A large, Greek-lettered man asked approaching him from across the street.

Yo man, could I bum a dart off you bro? he asked while groping his pocket for a lighter.

Sure.

Thanks bro. Cool flowers dude.

Thanks.

Take ‘er easy man, and he walked off back across the street, leaving the young man to light his own cigarette.

He took a few drags before starting down the street again. It was very warm, and sweat pooled on his back. He decided to cut down a shaded alley and get off the main street. His shoes sounded on the chipped asphalt as he stepped off the sidewalk over a torn garbage bag and into the cool, fetid air of the alley. Old brick rose on both sides and the flaked paint of some decayed mural remained visible beneath the city grime.

The alley exited onto a nearly vacant parking lot, and he crossed the hot pavement towards the street. He flipped his half-smoked cigarette back into the alley to join its numerous kin. The moisture had long since evaporated from the flowers he gripped, and their original lustre had faded.

The street was less busy than the one he had just left and he was thankful. The only person visible was a homeless man sitting on a spread of cardboard sipping from a worn paper cup. The young man considered crossing the street to avoid contact but decided it would be too obvious.

Spare some change?

Sorry, he answered looking away as he walked passed quickly.
I’ll take those flowers instead.

Ha, he stated and didn’t break his pace.

The street exited onto another main road and he took a right onto it, joining the herds of people swarming along the sidewalk and the traffic oozing between intersections. Buskers played on either side, and between the noise of engines and tires and voices, acoustic music was audible there, percussion there, and a wailing street person there.

His mouth was dry and his feet swam in his shoes. There was a Starbucks just ahead and he decided to stop for an ice water.
The line was long, almost to the door, but it was densely air conditioned inside and it cut through the sweaty grit that covered him. He stood as the line slowly progressed forward, the haggard baristas pouring ices and syrups into taxed blenders. He got to the front of the line and ordered his water. The cashier smiled with relief for the brief respite.

Those are beautiful flowers, who’s the lucky g—person? she asked, but he was already moving to the pickup table and her question was ground out in the sound of masticating ice.

He grabbed his water and moved through the crowded café towards the exit. A girl in a short sundress was coming through and he held the door for her with his elbow, hands clutching flowers and water.

Thanks, she said looking up at him, smiling.

You’re welcome, he said, returning her smile.

They paused for a moment, her looking at the flowers in his hand. Her smile dropped and she stepped passed him without another word. The young man exited out of the cool air into the city street.
The sidewalks were filling with nine to fivers finished the grind, inappropriately dressed for the sunny heat. They shoved passed him on both sides headed towards parking lots and bus stops, desperate to get home. He sipped his water and moved slowly upstream against the city.

Despite his best efforts the flowers were getting jostled. A small yellow carnation was crushed down and in, the cellophane folding over it. He stopped at a garbage and discarded his cup and ice, pausing to readjust the crumpled flower, unfolding the plastic from over it.

He crossed the street to cut across the park. Large trees shaded couples sprawled on benches, eating, laughing. He watched as they held hands and touched each other. Teenagers sitting too close, kissing too hard, listening to music too loud. They watched videos on their phones and they sat in each other’s laps. He walked across the grass watching them frankly. No one watched him.

The grass ended and concrete began. His destination was just up the street and he could see the squat grey building sprawled before him. He was a bit later than intended. He wanted another cigarette but didn’t want to smell like smoke.

He got to the parking lot and stopped. Cars were pulling out and he stopped to let them pass. The drivers looked at him. He climbed the steps to the front of the building and stopped. The large doors and a small garbage can with cigarette butts littered around it stood before him. He stood.

Fuck.

He took the decaying bouquet and shoved it into the ashy garbage.

Fuck.

Gripping the door handle he pulled hard and entered the building.

title: Floral Patterns

question: Why was he walking to his destination instead of just getting a ride there?

answer: Perhaps to save money.


text: I had gone downstairs to eat. As I walked upstairs I felt a chill breeze even though I was sure none of the windows were open. I walked into my room and saw my little sister, 2 years old, sitting on the floor playing with a piece of clay. The thing about my sister is that she can talk well, for a 2 year old but chooses to act instead of speak. The moment i stepped into my room she looks up and holds up both hands to bar my passage. She then said, "Don't Move, The Dark Is Coming."

title: Sister

question: Why did the narrator go downstairs?

answer: To eat

question: What did her sister say when she walked into her room?

answer: She said, " Don't move, the dark is coming".

question: What was her sister playing with?

answer: With clay

question: How old is her sister?

answer: She is 2 years old.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator surprises her 2 years old sister playing with clay in her room. When she approaches, her sister tells her to stop because the dark is coming.


text:
Blawith and Subberthwaite is a civil parish in the South Lakeland District of Cumbria, England. It contains nine listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to “buildings of national importance and special interest”. The parish contains the village of Blawith and surrounding countryside and hills. The listed buildings consist of a ruined church, houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings, and a bridge. __NOTOC__

Buildings

+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Name and        | Photograph      | Date            | Notes           |
| location        |                 |                 |                 |
+=================+=================+=================+=================+
| Ruins of former |                 |                 | The church was  |
| St John's       |                 |                 | rebuilt in      |
| Church          |                 |                 | 1749, but later |
|                 |                 |                 | became          |
|                 |                 |                 | redundant and   |
|                 |                 |                 | was replaced by |
|                 |                 |                 | St John the     |
|                 |                 |                 | Baptist's       |
|                 |                 |                 | Church. It is   |
|                 |                 |                 | now in ruins,   |
|                 |                 |                 | which consist   |
|                 |                 |                 | of stone walls  |
|                 |                 |                 | between and     |
|                 |                 |                 | high. The ruins |
|                 |                 |                 | have a          |
|                 |                 |                 | rectangular     |
|                 |                 |                 | plan, with a    |
|                 |                 |                 | projection at   |
|                 |                 |                 | the west, and   |
|                 |                 |                 | to the north    |
|                 |                 |                 | are the         |
|                 |                 |                 | footings of a   |
|                 |                 |                 | building.       |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Tottlebank      |                 |                 | The farmhouse   |
| Farmhouse       |                 |                 | is in rendered  |
|                 |                 |                 | stone with a    |
|                 |                 |                 | green slate     |
|                 |                 |                 | roof. It has an |
|                 |                 |                 | L-shaped plan,  |
|                 |                 |                 | with two        |
|                 |                 |                 | storeys, a      |
|                 |                 |                 | front of four   |
|                 |                 |                 | bays, and a     |
|                 |                 |                 | single-bay      |
|                 |                 |                 | wing. Most of   |
|                 |                 |                 | the windows are |
|                 |                 |                 | 20th-century    |
|                 |                 |                 | casements, and  |
|                 |                 |                 | others are      |
|                 |                 |                 | fixed.          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Stable Harvey   |                 | 1711            | The farmhouse   |
| Farmhouse and   |                 |                 | is in stone,    |
| outbuilding     |                 |                 | partly          |
|                 |                 |                 | rendered, with  |
|                 |                 |                 | a slate roof,   |
|                 |                 |                 | hipped at one   |
|                 |                 |                 | end. There are  |
|                 |                 |                 | two storeys and |
|                 |                 |                 | three bays, and |
|                 |                 |                 | a gabled rear   |
|                 |                 |                 | wing with an    |
|                 |                 |                 | outshut. The    |
|                 |                 |                 | main part has a |
|                 |                 |                 | central gabled  |
|                 |                 |                 | porch, and      |
|                 |                 |                 | windows with    |
|                 |                 |                 | upper opening   |
|                 |                 |                 | lights, and in  |
|                 |                 |                 | the rear wing   |
|                 |                 |                 | are casement    |
|                 |                 |                 | windows. The    |
|                 |                 |                 | outbuilding to  |
|                 |                 |                 | the left has a  |
|                 |                 |                 | projecting      |
|                 |                 |                 | ground floor    |
|                 |                 |                 | with a gallery  |
|                 |                 |                 | above.          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Bouthray Bridge |                 |                 | The bridge      |
|                 |                 |                 | carries a road, |
|                 |                 |                 | Water Yeat,     |
|                 |                 |                 | over the River  |
|                 |                 |                 | Crake. It is in |
|                 |                 |                 | stone, and      |
|                 |                 |                 | consists of two |
|                 |                 |                 | segmental       |
|                 |                 |                 | arches, that to |
|                 |                 |                 | the east being  |
|                 |                 |                 | the wider. The  |
|                 |                 |                 | pier has a      |
|                 |                 |                 | cutwater to the |
|                 |                 |                 | north, and the  |
|                 |                 |                 | parapet is      |
|                 |                 |                 | plain and       |
|                 |                 |                 | contains an     |
|                 |                 |                 | inscribed       |
|                 |                 |                 | stone.          |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Farm buildings, |                 |                 | The range of    |
| Stable Harvey   |                 |                 | farm buildings  |
| Farm            |                 |                 | consists of a   |
|                 |                 |                 | cow house       |
|                 |                 |                 | flanked by a    |
|                 |                 |                 | barn on each    |
|                 |                 |                 | side; they are  |
|                 |                 |                 | in stone with   |
|                 |                 |                 | slate roofs.    |
|                 |                 |                 | The barns have  |
|                 |                 |                 | three bays      |
|                 |                 |                 | each, and the   |
|                 |                 |                 | cow house has   |
|                 |                 |                 | four. In the    |
|                 |                 |                 | buildings are   |
|                 |                 |                 | doorways, and   |
|                 |                 |                 | windows of      |
|                 |                 |                 | varying types,  |
|                 |                 |                 | including one   |
|                 |                 |                 | mullioned       |
|                 |                 |                 | window.         |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Newbiggin       |                 |                 | A roughcast     |
|                 |                 |                 | stone house     |
|                 |                 |                 | with a slate    |
|                 |                 |                 | roof, it has    |
|                 |                 |                 | two storeys and |
|                 |                 |                 | two bays, a     |
|                 |                 |                 | rear outshut,   |
|                 |                 |                 | and a small     |
|                 |                 |                 | left gabled     |
|                 |                 |                 | wing. On the    |
|                 |                 |                 | front is a      |
|                 |                 |                 | trellised       |
|                 |                 |                 | gabled porch    |
|                 |                 |                 | with a cornice, |
|                 |                 |                 | and the windows |
|                 |                 |                 | are sashes.     |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Highfield Hotel |                 |                 | Originally a    |
|                 |                 |                 | country house,  |
|                 |                 |                 | later a hotel,  |
|                 |                 |                 | stuccoed with   |
|                 |                 |                 | hipped slate    |
|                 |                 |                 | roofs. There    |
|                 |                 |                 | are two         |
|                 |                 |                 | storeys, a      |
|                 |                 |                 | front of three  |
|                 |                 |                 | bays, with      |
|                 |                 |                 | single-storey   |
|                 |                 |                 | bays at the     |
|                 |                 |                 | sides, and      |
|                 |                 |                 | two-storey      |
|                 |                 |                 | wings at the    |
|                 |                 |                 | rear. The       |
|                 |                 |                 | central bay is  |
|                 |                 |                 | canted with a   |
|                 |                 |                 | gablet          |
|                 |                 |                 | containing a    |
|                 |                 |                 | cartouche. On   |
|                 |                 |                 | the front is an |
|                 |                 |                 | iron verandah   |
|                 |                 |                 | carried on      |
|                 |                 |                 | round columns   |
|                 |                 |                 | and with a      |
|                 |                 |                 | balustrade. The |
|                 |                 |                 | round-headed    |
|                 |                 |                 | entrance has    |
|                 |                 |                 | panelled        |
|                 |                 |                 | pilastered and  |
|                 |                 |                 | a fanlight.     |
|                 |                 |                 | There are       |
|                 |                 |                 | French windows  |
|                 |                 |                 | on the ground   |
|                 |                 |                 | floor and in    |
|                 |                 |                 | the centre of   |
|                 |                 |                 | the upper       |
|                 |                 |                 | floor; most of  |
|                 |                 |                 | the other       |
|                 |                 |                 | windows are     |
|                 |                 |                 | sashes with     |
|                 |                 |                 | hood moulds.    |
|                 |                 |                 | The gables have |
|                 |                 |                 | decorative      |
|                 |                 |                 | bargeboards.    |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Gate to east of |                 |                 | At the entrance |
| Highfield Hotel |                 |                 | to the drive is |
|                 |                 |                 | a pair of stone |
|                 |                 |                 | gate piers.     |
|                 |                 |                 | These are       |
|                 |                 |                 | octagonal with  |
|                 |                 |                 | caps, and are   |
|                 |                 |                 | flanked by      |
|                 |                 |                 | decorative iron |
|                 |                 |                 | panels. The     |
|                 |                 |                 | gate is         |
|                 |                 |                 | detached, it is |
|                 |                 |                 | richly          |
|                 |                 |                 | ornamented, and |
|                 |                 |                 | acts as a       |
|                 |                 |                 | screen.         |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
| Gate to north   |                 |                 | At the entrance |
| of Highfield    |                 |                 | to the drive is |
| Hotel           |                 |                 | a pair of stone |
|                 |                 |                 | gate piers.     |
|                 |                 |                 | These are       |
|                 |                 |                 | octagonal, they |
|                 |                 |                 | are flanked by  |
|                 |                 |                 | decorative iron |
|                 |                 |                 | screens, and    |
|                 |                 |                 | the gate is     |
|                 |                 |                 | richly          |
|                 |                 |                 | ornamented.     |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+
|  |
+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+-----------------+

title: Listed buildings in Blawith and Subberthwaite

question: Describe Blawith and Subberthwaite.

answer: It is a civil parish in the South Lakeland District of Cumbria, England.

question: How many listed buildings are recorded in the National Heritage List for England?

answer: Nine

question: What "grade" were the listed buildings assigned based on national importance and special interest?

answer: Grade II (the lowest)

question: What do the listed buildings consist of?

answer: A ruined church, houses, and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings, and a bridge.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Blawith and Subberthwaite is a civil parish in the South Lakeland District of Cumbria, England that has nine listed buildings recorded in the National List for England. These buildings were assigned "Grade 2" status, the lowest of the three grades.


text:
The tears of the woods

Like every Sunday, the woods were waiting for the man and the child. It was during this time of the year that the hikes of the pair became more regular. You could see them climb up the path early in the morning, when the sun behind the mountain barely managed to filter through the golden trees, which had already started to lose their leaves. Or later in the afternoon, when the light flooded the mountain with a red more intense than the color of the few remaining maple leaves playing hide and seek among the oaks.

Only a couple of the older trees, over there, in the tangle of the interiors, remembered perhaps the first time that a man of that family had come up this way. The man was walking and touching the trees and brushing his feet to make the leaves squeak and fly, creating odd effects with the lights and swirls with the help of the wind. After a few years of lonely walks, the man had started to come together with a child. The two of them walked, the child holding the man’s hand at first, slowly and painfully; then with increased agility as the years passed. And the man was showing the boy the leaves, and calling the names of the trees, pointing at the birds, telling stories of witches and dragons that had long ago lived in those woods, and that maybe – who could deny this with certainty? – were still hiding there, appearing only to those who were afraid.

When autumn arrived, the pair gave the impression to choose the paths where the leaves on the ground were plentiful. And the cracking noise made by their joyful and purposeful stomping filled the terse air.

The years passed, and that first man had time to become old, his beard white, while the boy became a man. But they kept on walking together up these woods, sometimes silent, sometimes playing the fallen leaves as an instrument, with their feet. Then, one day, the man who had been a boy came on his own, without the old man. Still, he followed the same paths, caressing the old barks, following the plants’ scents…until a new boy appeared with the man, holding hands, up the same roads. And the woods were listening to the man telling the boy the same stories of dragons and witches. And in the rapt eyes of the boy, the woods felt as if they were young again: every bark was new, every leaf a symbol of knights of old lineages fighting for princesses; and every broken twig a sword strong enough to defeat monsters.

And so it went, for years and years: until the boys became man, the men grew old, and the new men showed up on the paths alone again. And new boys appeared next to the new men, with new stories of dragons and knights, in a cycle whose length the woods could not quantify, but that it had become an important part of its seasons.

And today the woods are waiting: the man and the boy didn’t come last week, and the woods are trying to retain their colored leaves as long as possible, so that they can cast their shadow over the path of the pair, and fabricate wonder in the mind of the boy, swirling down touching his golden hair.

And here is the footstep of the man, and the woods move their fronds with delight. But a quiver comes to ruin the joy. The woods cannot hear the footsteps of the boy: perhaps the man has him on his shoulders?

The wind brings the news from the valley floor, up until the trees that are waiting on the mountain peak: *the man is alone*. The first trees already saw him coming: he walks curved, as if in his backpack a heavy ballast of years yet to live had suddenly accumulated. But the boy is not with him.

The woods are angry: where is the boy who should have been accompanying the man for many years to come, to learn the secrets of these trees, to make sure that the story of invincible dragons didn’t dry out, forgotten, as dead leaf at the end of November?

And yet the man *is* walking alone. And he doesn’t stop to caress the old barks; nor does he stir up the dead leaves that the woods had purposely hastened this morning to shake from the trees’ branches, to please the boy.

The man pushes forward. His beard is long, gray like the hair on a muzzle of an old dog, his hat down on his forehead. He doesn’t pay attention to the sky veiled by the leaves, nor does he care about the tunnels of lights that reach the floor. And he doesn’t explain to the woods why he is alone.

Suddenly, fast clouds come to darken the sky and the wind shakes the branches of the trees rabidly, as if the woods had called upon the wind’s aid to punish the man for his solitude. The tenderness that the wind had used in the past, to make sure that the boy stopped in awe at the sight of a rain of yellow and red and orange is gone.

Maliciously, the wind channels down the path, cold, running over the man with strength, tearing away branches, throwing them at him. And yet the man keeps on going, head down. Tears seem to obscure his vision, perhaps caused by the strong wind; but the wind is too enraged to even notice.

And the trees of the woods keep on asking loudly *where is the boy? Who will we tell our stories of dragons?* But the man – who had always been able to talk the language of the woods – does not answer. He continues to walk, even now that the rain manages to pass through the branches and hits the ground with a noisy clatter.

A sudden strong noise (a broken branch hitting the ground? One of those monsters that his dead father used to talk about?) forces the man to look for shelter.  Away from the path, he sits down with his back against a huge oak, covered by the thick branches that create a cone of quietude against the impending storm.

And it seems as if the oak is trying to pull its branches closer to stop the rain from hitting the man, as if the rage of the woods had suddenly morphed into compassion. While the man lies there, leaning with his eyes closed. Is he asleep? Or is he intent in listening to the tears of the woods for his lost boy?

title: The tears of the woods - first story here

question: What does the text say about the stories the man tells the boy?

answer: The man tells the boy stories of witches and dragons that lived long ago in the woods, and which may still be there, appearing only to those who are afraid. Each generation repeats the same stories to their child, who imagines them playing out in the forest.

question: What does the text say about the forest?

answer: The oldest trees in the forest are towards the center, and they remember the first time a man and his son walked through the forest. The woods listen to the man tell the stories each generation, and they begin to rely on it as a way to track time. When the man and boy don't come, the trees try to sustain the colors in their leaves as long as possible, but when the man comes without the boy, they are angry and try to punish the man. Eventually, they feel compassion and shield the man from the storm.

question: What does the text say about each generation's mothers?


text:
HAZEL RUN is an unincorporated community in northeastern St. Francois County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.[1] The community is located one-half mile south of Hazel Run creek and approximately five miles east-northeast of Bonne Terre.[2]

History

A post office called Hazel Run was established in 1844, and remained in operation until 1928.[3] The community takes its name from nearby Hazel Run creek.[4]

[1]

[2] _Missouri Atlas & Gazetteer,_ DeLorme, 1998, First edition, p. 49

[3]

[4]

title: Hazel Run, Missouri

question: What is Hazel Run?

answer: Hazel Run is a post office in northeastern St. Francois County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

question: When was Hazel Run established?

answer: Hazel Run was established in 1844.

question: Where is Hasel Run located?

answer: Hazel run is located one-half mile south of Hazel Run creek and approximately five miles east-northeast of Bonne Terre.

question: What was Hazel Run named after?

answer: Hazel Run was named after nearby Hazel Run creek.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Hazel Run is a post office in northeastern St. Francois County, in the U.S. state of Missouri established in 1844. It is an unincorporated community.


text:
[]
10 episodes

In which @icecolbeveridge - Weymouth maths tutor Colin Beveridge in real life - and @reflectivemaths - Cheddar-based teacher Dave Gale - discuss the interesting maths tidbits they've come across in the last few weeks. There's always time for puzzles and - of course - plenty they don't understand.

[]

In which @icecolbeveridge - Weymouth maths tutor Colin Beveridge in real life - and @reflectivemaths - Cheddar-based teacher Dave Gale - discuss the interesting maths tidbits they've come across in the last few weeks. There's always time for puzzles and - of course - plenty they don't understand.

1.

    -   26 JUN 2020

    Wrong, but Useful: Episode 80/80

    Wrong, but Useful: Episode 80/80

    In this, the final episode of WBU, @reflectivemaths and I discuss: @samuel_hansen's antiracism post((get well soon, Samuel)). Dave and I both assert that Black Lives Matter and acknowledge that we have a significant amount of work to do to create a just society. In a whiplash-inducing change of tone, tooth fairy maths Multiplayer Nim (‘unlucky 10’) The Million Game from @drewfoster Dave seems to have a thing about noughts and crosses The Mathoff is over: thanks, everyone! Now, more than ever, would a decent text book be the answer? The chaos game in a hexagon Social distancing in 3D Via […]

2.

    -   15 MAY 2020

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 79

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 79

    In this, the penultimate episode of Wrong, But Useful, we’re joined by @karenshancock (who is Karen Hancock in real life). We discuss: A scoring system for an online quiz round. The Big Mathoff What is a surd? Currently reading Ratio by Michael Ruhlman - a cookery book that starts from the principles Some Noughts and Crosses variants https://twitter.com/mburnsmath/status/1248330254281662464 www.marilynburnsmathblog.com/five-twists-on-tic-tac-toe/ nrich.maths.org/1199 Core maths festival (via @mathsTechnology/Tom Button) For any given cubic if a line intersects it at three points then the sum of the x-coordinates of these points will be constant. An infinite monkey music bot A fractal Odds and Evenings […]

3.

    -   17 APR 2020

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 78

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 78

    In episode 78 of Wrong, But Useful, we're joined by @c0mplexnumber, who is Clarissa Grandi in real life. This month, we discuss: Clarissa's Artful maths books, available via Tarquin - the activity book and the teacher's guide Number of the podcast: $\phi$ (and 3D maths) @anniek_p's #mathartchallenge Aperiodical’s big math-off is live! Also the stickerbook Rabbits and elephants Super-rectangles (via Peter Rowlett): Maths to get you through lockdown COVID-19 and Bayes's theorem Supermarket 2m distancing/route planning Richard Guy (103 1/2) and John Conway (82) have died. Casio calculator emulators now free Probability Question from an American Maths challenge (via Peter […]

4.

    -   13 MAR 2020

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 77

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 77

    In this month's Pi Day Special episode, we're joined by @aap03102, who is Chris Smith in real life. We discuss: Negative primes Surdoku (look in issue $2^5$) Chris's dark past Chalkdust book of the year Book (or writing) ideas (I’m trying to compile a big list of maths things I - or anyone - could write about. If you have such an idea, let me know and I’ll stick it on the list.) Chris's Pi Day antics Katherine Johnson has died, aged 101 A COVID-19 lesson plan and dataviz. Distance-time graphs * Edited 2020-03-14: To subscribe to Chris's maths newsletter, […]

5.

    -   6 MAR 2020

    Wrong, but Useful: Episode 76b

    Wrong, but Useful: Episode 76b

    What's this? Didn't we have a WBU last week? We did indeed. Only we cut out a section of our conversation with @dr_teeluck about APR to keep the episode length (somewhat) reasonable. Here it is as a special bonus episode for your enjoyment.

6.

    -   28 FEB 2020

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 76

    Wrong, But Useful: Episode 76

    In this episode of Wrong, But Useful, we’re joined by @dr_teeluck, who is Dr Vijay Teeluck in real life. We discuss: sunrise (posts by @colinthemathmo and by me got the same answer, someone else disagrees, nice thing to explore) favourite numbers a lovely post by @samhartburn about tetrahedra fitting through each other bridges (why are the bricks not parallel with the road?) The R0 value of the coronavirus Internet once again astonished that multiplication commutes Perfect espresso formula In communicate the bloody thing properly news: $|-1|-2|-3|$ thread here “Ten times greater” “Ten times smaller” Zero point seventy-five per cent via […]

Ace.

  I can’t improve on the previous reviews here. Colin and Dave provide lovely and interesting listening. Serious maths presented without off-putting seriousness. Hilarity delivered in deadpan … except for when one breaks down in a giggle (I could listen for those moments alone). Mathematics presented by mathematicians incredibly accessibly; intermixed with stories from their own lives. “They’re just these guys, you know?"

All the stars

  If you enjoy doing maths, hearing discussions about maths, or just listening to intelligent conversation, then this is a podcast for you. Be it your first maths-related foray or an addition to a line of 'other' podcasts you’re subscribed to, this is well worth your time.
  Covering a wide variety of topics - governed by whatever has crossed the 2 hosts' minds in the past month. And if ~1 hour isn’t enough, then at the end there's some homework to take away and work on before next time :)
  Wrong, but Useful – one of my favourite podcasts, always jumping to the top of my must-listen-to pile.

Splendid

  Unassuming, gentle and informative chat on mathematics whether it is in the news or just plain interesting tidbits. A pleasure to listen to.

Listeners Also Subscribed To

question: What kind of project is Wrong, But Useful?

answer: Wrong, But Useful is a podcast by educators Colin Beveridge and Dave Gale in which they discuss math tidbits in a dynamic and interesting way.

question: Based on the locations and terminology used in this text, is the content more likely to be produced in the UK or the US?

answer: Based on the spelling of words like "favourite" and "maths", as well as the locations of Weymouth and Cheddar, it is likely this content is produced in the UK.

question: What do the questions included under Episode 76b indicate about the Wrong, But Useful's usual schedule?

answer: The questions imply that the listener/reader should be surprised to have back-to-back episodes in consecutive weeks so the usual schedule is at least bi-monthly but could be less frequent than that.

question: Based on the reviews, what kind of listeners would be interested in Wrong, But Useful?

answer: Everyone from serious mathematicians to people who enjoy hearing and learning about math, to those who merely want to hear intelligent and witty conversations.


text:
Allo, Allo, Allo, what marketing implications do we have here then?

IMPORTANCE: [rating=4]
RECOMMENDED SOURCE: Allo.Google.com

Google announcement this week of the launch of its new messenger app has got marketers excited. And no, it's not because of the new emojis. It's because it follows the industry-wide trend for integrating AI-powered digital assistants into messaging apps. The announcement comes hot of the heels of Facebook's announcement earlier this month which hailed the introduction of 'Messanger version 1.2', which would include facilities to let chatbots handle payments within the app.

The chat app has lots of nifty little features to tempt users, which aren't all that important to marketers. These are things like being able to enlarge or shrink text, send auto-generated responses, doodle on images or send an impressive range of stupid emojis.

The key feature from a marketing perspective is the fact the app contains a personal assistant that utilises 'Google Now', which uses a natural language interface to answer users questions. This feature can be brought into your chats with anyone using '@Google' or you can talk to the assistant directly in a separate chat.

[how-google-messenger-allo-works-example]

Above is an example of how you can bring in the smart assistant to a chat by using '@Google'. The way they've built the feature by using '@' rather than just having a button to bring in the bot suggests they may well do what Facebook has done and start to open up the platform to let others develop chatbots that work within the app. Below you can see an example of the way users can also talk directly with the assistant in a separate chat:

[Google Allo assistant example helpful ]

What does this mean for marketers?

The Allo app is a big move from Google. They'll probably look to make it the default android messenger app to give it a huge user base. Given Andriod has 1.4 billion users it could quickly grow to have a user base of a similar scale to Facebook Messager- putting it squarely in the top 3 global messaging apps.

Given that the AI assistant will be using Google search rankings to decide on what content to answer people's questions with- For example if they ask 'What is lifecycle marketing' to the chat they'll be likely to be shown the top ranking page for that search - then it means the important of SEO is reinforced by the app. Crucially it means ranking top of 'natural language keywords'- something Google have termed 'conversational search' is now extremely important.

WHAT IS IT? NATURAL LANGUAGE KEYWORDS / CONVERSATIONAL SEARCH

Confusingly this is sometimes called Natural Language Keywords, sometimes referred to as Conversational Search. The essence of it is using search functions in the way you would usually speak, rather than how they are currently used. This comes from either voice search or interacting with chat bots. A good example would be the usual typed search might be: 'Cheap Plane Tickets Dublin' but a 'conversational search' would be 'Show me plane tickets to Dublin under for less than forty pounds'.

The trend towards personal assistants and voice search means ranking on 'natural language keywords' is more important than ever. You should look at adapting your SEO strategy to take account of this as the trend becomes more pronounced. Identifying what natural language keywords are likely to be search related to your product/ brand is a great place to start, and then you can planning how to rank for them.

question: Why are natural language keywords becoming more important to marketers?

answer: Google has just introduced an AI assistant that will use Google search rankings to decided on what content to deliver on questions. The conversational search uses search functions in the way that people usually speak rather than the way that they are currently used. This is the result of voice search and chatbots which are trending upwards making natural language keywords more important.

question: Why are marketers excited about the new Google messenger app?

answer: Marketers are excited because the new app includes an AI-powered digital assistant that uses "Google Now". It uses a natural language interface to answer users' questions. Anyone who uses @Google can bring the feature in or talk to an assistant directly in a separate chat.

question: Why has the change made natural language keywords so important?

answer: It is likely that Google will make the Allo app the default Android Messenger, giving it an enormous user base. Android has 1.4 billion users so it could end up in the top 3 global messaging apps. The AI assistant will use Google search ranks to decide on what content answers people's questions. This means that increasingly SEO will have to include conversational search.


text:
*"Any man who can drive safely while kissing a pretty girl is simply not giving the kiss the attention it deserves."
-Albert Einstein*

I had this dream.
It must’ve been the 1950’s, or some time earlier.
I wasn't sure how I got there, but I knew that I wasn’t in my body, and that I wasn’t driving my car.
We had the top down and were speeding down an old country two-lane road.

The prettiest girl in the world was sitting in my passenger seat.
She was sitting cross-legged, facing me, with the wind blowing her gorgeous golden-brown hair all over the place.
She was laughing. I could never forget that perfect smile.
The orange light from the setting sun caused a glisten in her eyes. I loved the way that I couldn’t keep my focus whenever I was around her.

What was peculiar about this was that I felt as if it happened all in one instant, but at the same time it felt like hours. I guess this is how love is supposed to feel.

She screamed with delight. She loved feeling free.
I didn’t know where I was driving, but she didn’t care.
It doesn’t matter where you are when you’re with the most beautiful girl on Earth.

I managed to break the allure of her hazel-green eyes to check the road.
Nothing.
Just the open road, a warm sunset, and the girl of my dreams sitting next to me.

Or so I thought.

I don’t know what happened but the car suddenly flipped over.
Everything was silent.
I can’t clearly recall what happened but I remembered that her once-gorgeous golden-brown hair was soiled with blood and that her hazel-green eyes were filled with tears at one point.
But, she never cried.

The worst part was that I couldn’t save her.
I reached for her but could never touch her. I called for her but she never answered.
The last thing I saw was that glisten fade from her eyes.

I don’t know if I ended up surviving, but it didn’t matter.
All I knew was that I had robbed the world of the prettiest girl that it had ever seen.
I could never forgive myself.

What’s the value of one life if it robs humanity of its greatest treasure?

title: The Prettiest Girl in the World

question: How is the title relevant?

answer: The title is relevant because the story talks about the 'prettiest girl in the world' from the narrator's perspective.

question: What according to the narrator makes the girl the prettiest in the world?

answer: It may be implied that her golden-brown hair, hazel-green eyes, and her smile made the narrator think of her as the prettiest girl in the world.

question: What could have happened had the car not crashed?

answer: It may be implied that the narrator would have continued driving on the road while simultaneously being lost in her beautiful eyes.

question: What is the relevance of the phrase "what’s the value of one life if it robs humanity of its greatest treasure" to the story?

answer: This phrase is relevant because the narrator feels like he couldn't do anything to save his love and now his life is worthless, he is as good as dead with her gone.

question: Describe the narrator's emotional journey.

answer: At the beginning of the story, the narrator feels happy and in love with the prettiest girl beside him. But as the story moves forward their car crashes killing the girl. The narrator is now devastated and heartbroken knowing that he has lost her, he is also upset with himself for not being able to do anything to save the girl he loves.


text:
The door opens.
“What was that?”
“My husband must have gotten home early”
“Fuck, what do I do?”
“I would run if I was you, dumbass”
“Shit look at me, I can kill the motherfucker”
“Did I mention he is an ex marine?”
“That changes everything doesn’t it? So I should run now”
“Bye Randy”
The man quickly grabs his pants and puts them on without the underwear. Rush. Rush. Rush. The husband bursts through the door before the man can open the window.
“Who the fuck is this Sierra?” said the husband.
“Run Randy!”
The man then dashes out the door behind the angry husband and heads for the car. The car is an ran ragged 1994 Aston Martin Vantage with a sun roof, midnight black paint job with brown dust all over it. He slides over the hood of it with the angry husband hot on his trail. He jumps in the car. Starts it. And almost runs over the angry husband while getting away. The angry husband then takes off one of his shoes and busts the taillight of the car. The man the drives off into the sun, thinking about what had just happened.
“Was she calling me Randy?” the man said to himself.
“Who the hell is Randy?” he then added.
He then chuckled and kept driving to the run down shit apartment he has became accustomed to calling home.

This is my first time attempting to write anything, i need feedback. any at all would be appreciated. good or bad. i need it all. thanks in advance reddit.

title: The Man

question: What is the relationship between the 2 people that are speaking?

answer: They seem to be in a sexual relationship.

question: Who is Randy?

answer: Randy seems to be the man that the woman is cheating on her husband with.

question: Why is the husband angry at Randy?

answer: Randy seems to have just had sex with the husband's wife.

question: Where is Randy going?

answer: Randy is going home.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: A woman's husband has arrived home while Randy, a man that she has just slept with, is still at home. The husband, enraged, tries to chase Randy down, but he escapes to his car and drives off.


text:
TOGDAN RINPOCHE (born in 1938) was enthroned as the leader of Drikung Kagyu lineage of Tibetan Buddhism for Ladakh in 1943[1] and serves today as the Head Lama for all Tibetan Buddhist Lineages in Ladakh. Rinpoche is one of the most senior Lamas for the Drikung Kagyu and Nyingma lineages of Tibetan Buddhism.

In addition to being an accomplished spiritual leader, Rinpoche played an active role in politics from the 1960s when he was elected as the first leader of the _Ladakh Action Committee,_ until 2003 when he resigned from his post as the _Minister of State for Ladakh Affairs and Planning_[2]_._

Appearance in documentaries and books

Rinpoche has appeared in several documentary films[3][4][5] including _Yogis of Tibet_ and _The Tibetan Book of the Dead: A Way of Life_. Rinpoche can also be seen in a rare archive footage from 1965 in a Long Life Prayer for Dudjom Rinpoche, Rinpoche's root teacher.

Rinchen Terdzö

Rinpoche is a lineage holder for the teaching cycle of Jamgon Kongtrul the Great, _Treasury of Precious Treasures_ and sponsored one of the most important transmission of this cycle that takes up to 6 months to transmit[6] in Tso Pema by his root teacher Dudjom Rinpoche in 1965.[7] Rinpoche has since then completed several transmissions of this highly regarded teaching cycle.

Terma

In accord with the Terma tradition of the Tibetan Buddhism and particularly the Nyingma order, Rinpoche is a _Terton_ and have revealed the _Padma Gyalpo's Heart Essence Sadhana_, which have been recently translated into English and Chinese. The teaching cycle was authenticated by Dudjom Rinpoche during the time he was the supreme leader of the Nyingma order.

[1]

[2]  Political Life|website=lotuskingtrust.com|access-date=2016-12-25}}

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

title: Togdan Rinpoche

question: Who is Togdan Rinpoche?

answer: He is a spiritual leader, serving as the Head Lama for Tibetan Buddhist Lineages in Ladakh, and has been involved in politics in Ladakh.

question: Which documentaries has Rinpoche appeared in?

answer: Yogis of Tibet, The Tibetan Book of the Dead: A Way of Life, and others that are not specified here.

question: What were Rinpoche's political positions?

answer: He was the first leader of the Ladakh Action Committee and the Minister of State for Ladakh Affairs and Planning.

question: When was Rinpoche born?

answer: 1938

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Togdan Rinpoche is a spiritual leader, serving as the Head Lama for Tibetan Buddhist Lineages in Ladakh, and has been involved in politics in Ladakh as the first leader of the Ladakh Action Committee and the Minister of State for Ladakh Affairs and Planning.