text:
Back in the early 80's my friends and I did a lot of backpacking around northeast Iowa. Not that camping was actually allowed in these places, but we were young and definitely had a healthy disregard for laws and authority. Especially if it was inconvenient to us.

One such trip found us in a wooded area near Luxemburg, Iowa. My girlfriend Lori (who we never called Lori – always Frog) along with our two friends David and Eddie hiked to one of our favorite spots. There was a sort of bluff overlooking confluence of two streams. Though it was a steep hike to the top, it was a great place to watch the wildlife below. It was also a great place to party and see if any DNR folks were headed your way long before they noticed you.

Late in the afternoon Frog and I decided we wanted to move down next to the stream and set up our tent. The sound of the water would lull us to sleep and we both looked forward to sleeping with the music of the creek in our ears. We probably wanted just a bit of privacy as well.

As darkness fell, I noticed there seemed to be some dark clouds moving in. If I only I had paused to think what that might mean. It did not become important until later that night.

In the middle of the night I was jarred awake by the sound of thunder and, heavy rain pounding the tent and more ominously, the sound of raging water.

I knew we were in trouble. I grabbed my flashlight and looked out towards the creek. The water, which should have been about 20 feet from me, had almost reached the tent!

Frog was now awake as well. She asked “What's going on?”

“Out of the tent, we gotta move!” I yelled.

Luckily we had a free-standing dome tent and had been using our packs as pillows of a sort. I grabbed the edges of the tent and pulled it back up into the trees to higher ground with all our gear inside it.

We were soaked to the skin, so we got back into our tent and changed into dry clothes. We spent the rest of the night sticking our heads out the door with our flashlights to keep an eye on the water level. The rushing water was very loud. It was an angry sound. Nothing like it's usual ankle-deep bubbling and gurgling self. The creek had become, at least for now, a raging river. That coupled with the thunder and lightning as well as the torrential downpour resulted in a pretty miserable night.

I must have dozed off at some point. I slowly became aware of a voice over the sound of the water. I realized it was David screaming at the top of his lungs over and over “No! No!, No!”

In my groggy state I thought maybe he and Eddie were fighting or something.

As I came out of our hiding place in the trees I saw them standing a bit above me on the opposite bank. The water was still running through what to them, was where Frog and I were supposed to be. I suddenly understood. They thought we were dead.

I didn't know what to do. They were both just standing there, Eddie's hand on David's shoulder, staring at the water. I was almost embarrassed in a way, that we were ok.

David looked like he might have been crying. Eddie just had a very stern look of concentration on his face. Almost as if he thought if he just wished hard enough and long enough everything would be ok again.

I started walking towards the water, still saying nothing.

Eddie saw me first. I can still remember very vividly how his face lit up. His shit eating grin, almost as if to say “I wished it to be ok and it worked!”

I saw his hand tighten on David's shoulder and when he had David's attention, Eddie slowly pointed towards me. As my eyes locked with David's I sensed mostly disbelief. As if he wasn't trusting what he saw because it just could not be so.

It was all rather surreal actually because the sound of the water rushing by was so loud. Like watching a silent movie. None of us had said a word so far.

Frog came up beside me, and put her arm around me. We all just stood there looking at each other.

Finally David screamed above the roar of the water “Are you real? Please tell me this is real!”

I saw Eddies look of concern. Again, he tightened his grip on David's shoulder.

I honestly didn't know how to answer that question. Eddie shook David a little. I couldn't hear his words, but I saw his lips form the words. “It's real, man.”

Finally, David smiled. He believed.

The years passed and as the saying goes, all good things must come to an end. Though our friendship had sustained us all through many difficult years, we inevitably moved on as our lives grew apart. Lori (no longer Frog) married the bother of a mutual friend. David joined the military and eventually moved to Michigan, working two jobs to make ends meet. I lost track of Eddie. I hope he is ok out there in the big wide world.

David died early one morning, after working late as a bartender. It was a car accident. He fell asleep at the wheel. I couldn't believe he was gone.

It is to David, my friend, that I dedicate this story. Just a tiny slice of our lives as a tribute to the life he lived. I think of him often.

title: [RF] The Storm

question: Why has the writer written this memoir

answer: The author is driven to write this story in memory of his friend David. David was killed in an early morning accident when returning from work. The author can't believe that David is gone and wants to pay tribute the the man who once lived life to the full.

question: Why was David screaming at the top of his lungs?

answer: David was screaming loudly because he had woken in the middle of the night and seen the turbulent water. The water was flowing over the area where the narrator and Frog had pitched their tent. David was not aware that they had since moved their tent so he thought that they had been washed away in the torrent.

question: Where is Eddie today?


split: train

text:
[White (centre) at the Regional Meeting of National Scientific Research Organisations in 1964 with Senator John Gorton (minister-in-charge of the CSIRO) and UNESCO Director-General René Maheu] SIR FREDERICK WILLIAM GEORGE WHITE (26 May 1905 – 17 August 1994) was a New Zealand-born Australian physicist and ornithologist who was Chairman of CSIRO from 1959 to 1970.[1][2][3][4]

Education and early life

White was born in 1905 in Johnsonville. He received his education at Wellington College and Victoria University College. Due to his academic performance, he won a scholarship from the University of New Zealand, and this award enabled him to attend St John's College, Cambridge, where he studied under Ernest Rutherford.

Career and research

He taught at King's College London from 1932, and was lecturer at Canterbury College in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 1937. During World War II, White worked on secret projects developing radar in New Zealand and Australia.[5]

Awards and honours

In the 1954 New Year Honours, he was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE).[6] In the 1962 Birthday Honours, this was elevated to the class of Knight Commander of the same order (KBE).[7][8]

Personal life

White died in Melbourne on 17 August 1994. His wife Elizabeth had died two years prior.[9]

[1]  originally publisher in ANU Reporter, 12 October 1994, p 11.

[2]  originally published in _Historical Records of Australian Science_, vol. 11, no. 2, December 1996, pp. 239-258

[3] White, Frederick William George (1905 - 1994), Encyclopaedia of Australian Science

[4] White, Frederick (1905-1994), trove.nla.gov.au

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

title: Fred White (physicist)

question: What was Fred White?

answer: A physicist.

question: When was Fred White born?

answer: 1905.

question: Where did Fred White receive his education?

answer: Wellington College and Victoria University College.

question: Where did Fred White teach?

answer: King's College London.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This article is about Fred White, a 20th century physicist from New Zealand.


text:
	Thomas felt alone. He wasn't, but he felt alone. He'd was sent to France about a month prior. He saw horrors worse than any one deserves to see. Kids blown to bits, grown men crying like children, seeing their families murdered in front of their faces, and entire villages bombarded to oblivion in a matter of seconds. He'd live with that for the rest of his life. He'd never be able to see the world in a child like innocence like he had when he was young. The faces of his own family were burnt into those he saw dead. Thomas cries every night, thinking, of what he's done.

	How did I get here? He'd think.  Why would they turn me into a killer? He never wanted to fight, he was recruited. No matter what, he also knew he was doing the right thing, helping. Especially on that day, April 22nd, 1942.

	His division was pinned behind enemy fire in the heart of Paris, after an assault turned into an enemy ambush. The battle lasted hours. Both sides returning fire, soldiers falling, yet no progress. Thomas thought he'd get used to fighting,thhe death, the panic, but he didn't. He'd never seen anything this horrifying. His friends... There one moment, gone the next. He didn't understand, the anger, the force to drive hese men to kill each other, simply because they were told.

	He was done. He didn't want to kill anymore. He'd seen his entire squad wiped out, slaughtered like cattle. He had nothing.  The one thing that kept him going , a necklace from his wife. He'd bought, for her on their four year anniversery. He reached for it. He loosened his grip on his rifle and tightened his grip on the necklace.

	“ Lensky, let's move!” shouted Sgt. Pierce.

	“R-right behind you, sir,” Thomas whispered nervously.

	The remaining troops fled to abondoned nazi ou post.  All that remained was a jeep, an artillery gun, and a few supplies. Thomas didn't eat, he just thought. Thought of the families of the soldiers, how many had tosuffer because of the actions of those he trusted. Just then, the all familiar sound of a nazi riffle rang in Thomas' ears.

	“ Shit! Bens is down! They're coming!”

The opposing forces rushed from around the corner, guns blazing. It was over whelming. Thomas knew they couldn't fight it. The thought of everyone dying... Dying after everything they'd been through... They didn't deserve it.

	“ Burns, load the gun with... The gas...” Pierce said, with sorrow in his voice.

	He knew it wasn't right. He also knew it wasn't enough. It would only make a few of them suffer. Rolling on the floor in agony, begging for it to end... For their lives to end.

	“ Sir, please, it's not right” Thomas argued.

	“ I know. You think it's an easy choice to make? Of course it's not! But I'm in charge of keeping the rest of you safe, now the second that gun goes off, we pile into the jeep and we drive.” Pierce said with a troubled look in his eyes.

	“ But sir, it won't guarantee we make it, it'll just boost our chances! We can't risk these peoples lives on a chance!” Thomas argued.

	“ I don't have a choice! It's us, or them! THEY slaughterred our men, THEY attacked us THEY asked for this war! They deserve to die, not us...”

	“ We'd have done the same to them... There are no good or bad guys... This isn't our war, or theirs... They naren't monsters. They're people. People like us, fighting for their countries, doing what they're told.” Thomas said, “ No one deserves to die this way...” He whispered, as his eyes drifted from Pierces gaze.

	“ What would you have me do, Thomas?!” Pierce asked, fed up.

	“ Go... Get in the jeep, and go...”

	“... I won't let you do that Thom-'

	“ I don't care! I'm going to run through the north, you guys head south... I can't witness any 	more death...” Thomas chocked.

	Pierce looked at Thomas, Tearing up, “ You don't have to do this..”

	“ There's no other way. We were sent to save lives... Who are we to chose who lives or who dies. It's not our war, but our battle.” Thomas, said holding back tears.

	Pierce said nothing, he stood, shocked, yet understanding of the decision his friend had made. The two men hadn't said a word, they left with a handshake. Pierce headed to the jeep, whiping tears pourring down his cheek.

	Thomas ran up the north side, instantly spotting a group of German soldiers. He knew he was going to die. He laid down his rifle, clenched his necklace, suddenly he wasn't afraid. He knew he made the right choice. He stood, closed his eyes, as a single tear, flowed down his cheek. Two shots to his chest. Thomas fell, struggling for breath. His suffering would end. He held his necklace above his head, a slight smile on his face. Another shot. The necklace fell to the ground, shattering in pieces, as Thomas' heart came to a sudden stop. Thomas, was alone.

title: Short war story. No title.

question: Describe Thomas and his emotions.

answer: Thomas is a caring individual, who has felt alone for a while, despite not physically being alone. He has been very sad seeing families murdered and knew he could never have any child like innocence in the world after what he had seen. Thomas has been crying every night due to the deeds he has done and has taken the decision to kill himself.

question: Would Pierre make the same decision Thomas did, after seeing Thomas go through with his actions?

question: Summarize Thomas's death.

answer: Thomas decided to get himself killed by a group of German soldiers. He fell and struggled for breath, but thought to himself that his struggle would end. Thomas's heart stopped and he was alone. Thomas was not afraid to die and knew he was making the right choice.


text:
1.  Home
2.  News
3.  Euro Truck Simulator 2

[]

One of two things are usually the case if a game has "Simulator" in its title. Either it's an overly earnest attempt to provide accurate simulation, or it's a joke. Euro Truck Simulator 2 is something of a rarity. It's the former, sure, but avoids the usual trap of being buggy, obtuse and transparent in its limitations. It's good. You're probably sick of people saying its good, but by all logic it shouldn't be, so it bears repeating.

Only one thing could make it better, and that's the inclusion of friends. Strong is the draw of a convoy , especially when filled with folks hauling concrete across Belgium. That dream is increasingly approaching reality. Today, the ETS2 Multiplayer mod launches into open alpha.

It's definitely an alpha. Having attempted to connect a few times this morning, its server has either been full or down. Still, if you have the patience to persist, you can download the installer from the mod's alpha page . At least, you can if it's working—it too has had more than a few wobbles since the mod's launch.

Naturally, this is just an early implementation of what will hopefully become a more robust creation. The life of a Euro Truck Simulator 2 driver is a lonely one, and the chance to populate its roads with other players will now doubt liven up an admittedly sedate experience.

Phil leads PC Gamer's UK team. He was previously the editor of the magazine, and thinks you should definitely subscribe to it. He enjoys RPGs and immersive sims, and can often be found reviewing Hitman games. He's largely responsible for the Tub Geralt thing, but still isn't sorry.

question: How does the author of the article feel about Euro Truck Simulator 2?

answer: He thinks it's a good game.

question: Describe an issue with the game.

answer: The multiplayer mod servers are usually either full or down.

question: Describe the author of the article.

answer: Phil is the head of PC Gamer's UK team. He enjoys RPGs and immersive sims.

question: What is the general consensus about the game?

answer: Many people have been saying that the game is good.

question: What does the author claim is usually the case when it comes to simulation games?

answer: Usually, either they're an overly earnest attempt to provide an accurate simulation, or they're a joke.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: This is a review of Euro Truck Simulator 2 written by Phil from PC Gamer's UK team. Phil thinks Euro Truck Simulator 2 is a good game and will benefit from the new multiplayer mod. Phil mentions trouble connecting to the multiplayer servers but hopes the experience will improve moving forward.


text:
I heard about SUNY Maritime through ambush. I was woken early one Saturday morning at an insulting time by my mother. She told to get up because we’re going to see a college. I hadn’t visited any schools yet and this was October of my senior year. I didn’t even ask where I was so sleepy. I simply put on a heavy coat, took a blanket and pillow and lay my six foot wide frame in the back seat and slept. At some point in the five hour ride from D.C. to New York I remember waking up and asking where we were going, she might have said more but all I caught was New York. I remember thinking, “cool, that’s perfect, far enough, close enough,” and then falling asleep again. She woke me just as we approached the Throggs Neck exit.
I recall being bewildered by the unfamiliar street and having to ask somebody for directions from his car. We weren’t to far, and lowering the window after all that time let in the sea air – it was fantastic even if it was the Hudson. We took the turn down a long narrow back street, the only way in or out for that matter. When we finally came to a small round about with a giant stone wall opposite us with a connecting lever gate. At the entrance stood a guy in uniform, dress blues (how I know thee well). I had neither the heart nor the will to tell my mother after such a long drive I wasn’t going to do military school. But we still drove down the street, which ran along the northern side of the peninsula. At its widest it couldn’t be more than a hundred yards wide save a narrow strip the stretches out called the point. What I then thought to be a mile but later would learn was about half was the road we traveled on, a strait drive to the back of the school then back around again in a circle. From there it was your standard college open house, lots of bewildered and shy highschoolers shadowed by there parents. As a black kid I instantly noticed how few of me there were. We crowded into an auditorium to hear them ejaculate onto us and then tell us how it was the best ejaculate because it was a maritime ejaculate. I expected as much, then they asked us to divide into groups for the first half of the day, I remember thinking, I could do that in an hour (I actually would, often). We were taken through boring halls and standard classrooms. Two things of note and the only positives of that place: The Fort Schuler and the waterfront estate, damn I loved that water (never got in it though.). Then we were told to divide into our interest, I picked naval architecture. I loved to draw then and wanted something similar to my interest, but almost picked something else when m mom suggested it. Glad I did though, I walked into one of the classrooms in the science wing of the S & E (science and engineering). I saw a girl there with the last name Porshe, I don’t know why but she stuck with me, not particularly hot, little bit of a flat face and a sharp chin but it played well to me.  After they made jokes about the courses they basically said you don’t have to be in regiment to take this major. Regiment being the uniformed students, there was a minority of non-regimental ‘civilians’ that attended the school with out the hassle of regiment. But Porshe was regiment. We left the room and I recall wanting to make friends with the one guy who spoke up in there for the highschoolers just to be like “hey, you’re not the only fearless one among us,” but I couldn’t think of a reason to start a conversation when he was in front of me when they were filing out. We followed this with lunch, where I interacted with another prospect who was a total meat-head lax-bro who made vast proclamations about himself and what he’d do if he came there. (He did, and he sorta held true to the work out goals; what else do you do when you have a cheating gf, only weekend leave, and near no attractive girls. Not to say the girls aren’t talented, but they can’t help there anatomy. Another lesson I learned after enrolling). We separated from our parents at this point, they said they wanted to separate us like we inevitably would be on the day. Just champion stuff these guys, eh? This is when they drove home that the regiment is tough, fair, and easily manageable. I already lived most of the lifestyle, save the working out part, with all the private schooling I was ready. By then it was time to either tour the ship or leave, I was tired from all forced ejaculate they kept pinching my nose to give me so we left. My mother and I still left that place with an overall good view. Sadly fo future me, I knew that was to be my school the moment I saw the water.

title: This is a true story excerpt from the auto-biographic novel I'm working up. I wonder if you'll like the first draft (unspell-checked). Names are changed for here. This is Titled: Intro to SUNY.

question: What does the narrator mean that they heard about SUNY Maritime through ambush?

answer: His mother woke him up one Saturday morning and told him they were going to see a college that day.

question: Why did Porsche stick with the narrator?

answer: That information isn't clear because the narrator says they don't know why she stuck with him.

question: Describe the narrator.

answer: The narrator is a black teenager who is six feet tall. He is preparing to go to college.

question: What does the narrator find to be the only positives of SUNY?

answer: The Fort Schuler and the waterfront estate due to his love for water

question: What are the narrator's interests?

answer: The narrator enjoys water and drawing.

question: What did private schooling make the narrator ready for?

answer: It made him ready for the regiment at SUNY Maritime.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator describes the time his mother ambushed him with a tour of SUNY Maritime when he was a high schooler. His favorite parts of the school were the Fort Schuler and the waterfront estate due to his love for water. At the end of the day, he felt his private schooling left him ready for the regiment and left the school with an overall good view. He that it would be his school the moment he saw the water.


text:
[Song Mino Keeps It Real When Asked About WINNER’s Delayed Comeback]

In an interview on September 12 at the YG Entertainment headquarters, rapper Song Mino opens up about his group WINNER’s delayed comeback.

“We don’t promote often, and there have been a lot of incidents where our song [releases] have been postponed. I am always sorry and grateful to fans who wait for us,” Song Mino says. “We are making the effort to make up for it with even better songs.”

He continues, “Of course, there are times when I get impatient because I know that fans have been waiting a lot. But I think I can lose something when I am impatient. We are making the effort to show you a more polished version of us.”

Meanwhile, Song Mino and iKON’s Bobby made their unit debut as MOBB with “Hit Me” and “Full House” on September 9 at midnight KST.

Source (1)

How does this article make you feel?

question: What is the name of Song Mino's group?

answer: WINNER

question: When does the interview take place?

answer: September 12

question: Why is Song Mino sorry and grateful to fans?

answer: Because WINNER doesn't promote often and there have been a lot of incidents where their song releases have been postponed.

question: Song Mino and iKON's Bobby made their unit debut as?

answer: MOBB

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: During a September 12 interview, Song Mino from the group WINNER talks about how he feels about the postponed release of their songs and how sorry and grateful he is to their fans for being patient. Three days before the interview, Song Mino and iKON's Bobby made their unit debut as MOBB, releasing two songs.


text:
Overview

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Hyperglycaemia, or raised blood sugar, is a common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time leads to serious damage to many of the body's systems, especially the nerves and blood vessels.

In 2014, 8.5% of adults aged 18 years and older had diabetes. In 2016, diabetes was the direct cause of 1.6 million deaths and in 2012 high blood glucose was the cause of another 2.2 million deaths.

Between 2000 and 2016, there was a 5% increase in premature mortality from diabetes. In high-income countries the premature mortality rate due to diabetes decreased from 2000 to 2010 but then increased in 2010-2016. In lower-middle-income countries, the premature mortality rate due to diabetes increased across both periods.

By contrast, the probability of dying from any one of the four main noncommunicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases or diabetes) between the ages of 30 and 70 decreased by 18% globally between 2000 and 2016.

Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes (formerly called non-insulin-dependent, or adult-onset) results from the body’s ineffective use of insulin. The majority of people with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. This type of diabetes is largely the result of excess body weight and physical inactivity.

Symptoms may be similar to those of type 1 diabetes, but are often less marked. As a result, the disease may be diagnosed several years after onset, after complications have already arisen.

Until recently, this type of diabetes was seen only in adults but it is now also occurring increasingly frequently in children.

Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes (previously known as insulin-dependent, juvenile or childhood-onset) is characterized by deficient insulin production and requires daily administration of insulin. Neither the cause of Type 1 diabetes nor the means to prevent it are known.

Symptoms include excessive excretion of urine (polyuria), thirst (polydipsia), constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes, and fatigue. These symptoms may occur suddenly.

Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes is hyperglycaemia with blood glucose values above normal but below those diagnostic of diabetes. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy

Women with gestational diabetes are at an increased risk of complications during pregnancy and at delivery. These women and possibly their children are also at increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the future.

Gestational diabetes is diagnosed through prenatal screening, rather than through reported symptoms.

Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) are intermediate conditions in the transition between normality and diabetes. People with IGT or IFG are at high risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes, although this is not inevitable.

Health impact

Over time, diabetes can damage the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves.

-   Adults with diabetes have a two- to three-fold increased risk of heart attacks and strokes_(1)_.
-   Combined with reduced blood flow, neuropathy (nerve damage) in the feet increases the chance of foot ulcers, infection and eventual need for limb amputation.
-   Diabetic retinopathy is an important cause of blindness, and occurs as a result of long-term accumulated damage to the small blood vessels in the retina. Diabetes is the cause of 2.6% of global blindness_(2)_.
-   Diabetes is among the leading causes of kidney failure_(3)_.

Prevention

Simple lifestyle measures have been shown to be effective in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes. To help prevent type 2 diabetes and its complications, people should:

-   achieve and maintain a healthy body weight;
-   be physically active – doing at least 30 minutes of regular, moderate-intensity activity on most days. More activity is required for weight control;
-   eat a healthy diet, avoiding sugar and saturated fats; and
-   avoid tobacco use – smoking increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Diagnosis and treatment

Early diagnosis can be accomplished through relatively inexpensive testing of blood sugar.

Treatment of diabetes involves diet and physical activity along with lowering of blood glucose and the levels of other known risk factors that damage blood vessels. Tobacco use cessation is also important to avoid complications.

Interventions that are both cost-saving and feasible in low- and middle-income countries include:

-   blood glucose control, particularly in type 1 diabetes. People with type 1 diabetes require insulin, people with type 2 diabetes can be treated with oral medication, but may also require insulin;
-   blood pressure control; and
-   foot care (patient self-care by maintaining foot hygiene; wearing appropriate footwear; seeking professional care for ulcer management; and regular examination of feet by health professionals).

Other cost saving interventions include:

-   screening and treatment for retinopathy (which causes blindness);
-   blood lipid control (to regulate cholesterol levels);
-   screening for early signs of diabetes-related kidney disease and treatment.

WHO response

WHO aims to stimulate and support the adoption of effective measures for the surveillance, prevention and control of diabetes and its complications, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. To this end, WHO:

-   provides scientific guidelines for the prevention of major noncommunicable diseases including diabetes;
-   develops norms and standards for diabetes diagnosis and care;
-   builds awareness on the global epidemic of diabetes, marking World Diabetes Day (14 November); and
-   conducts surveillance of diabetes and its risk factors.

The WHO _"Global report on diabetes"_ provides an overview of the diabetes burden, interventions available to prevent and manage diabetes, and recommendations for governments, individuals, the civil society and the private sector.

The WHO _"Global strategy on diet, physical activity and health"_ complements WHO's diabetes work by focusing on population-wide approaches to promote healthy diet and regular physical activity, thereby reducing the growing global problem of overweight and obesity.

_The WHO  module on diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes_ brings together  guidance on diagnosis, classification and management of type 2 diabetes in one document. The module will be useful to policy makers who plan service delivery of  diabetes care, national programme managers responsible for training, planning and monitoring service delivery, and facility managers and primary care staff  involved in clinical care and monitoring processes and outcomes of diabetes care.

References

_(1)_ Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: a collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration.

Sarwar N, Gao P, Seshasai SR, Gobin R, Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio et al. Lancet. 2010; 26;375:2215-2222.

_(2)_ Causes of vision loss worldwide, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis.
Bourne RR, Stevens GA, White RA, Smith JL, Flaxman SR, Price H et al. Lancet Global Health 2013;1:e339-e349

_(3)_ 2014 USRDS annual data report: Epidemiology of kidney disease in the United States.
United States Renal Data System. National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, 2014:188–210.

question: What is the main topic of the article?

answer: The article covers the different types of diabetes.

question: Who is the target audience of the article?

answer: It seems the target audience is the general public.

question: What is WHO?

answer: The article doesn't specify what WHO is. [It is the World Health Organization].

question: What is WHO's role in this issue?

answer: "WHO aims to stimulate and support the adoption of effective measures for the surveillance, prevention and control of diabetes and its complications, particularly in low- and middle-income countries."

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The article covers the different types of diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. The article covers the occurrence of diabetes in the population, the health impact, and WHO's response.


text:
Leaving

Florin packs her clothes into a bag. Her other things were already in boxes at the bottom of the closet, everyday asking her when she would move them to her trunk and find them a new home again.

Gavin lay there on the bed. He didn’t help her pack. He didn’t push her to stay. His strength and his weakness, he let her do what she wanted.

Neither of them shed a tear.

Part of her wished he would get mad and yell at her, force her to stay.

“I’m sorry, I’m not in love.” Her voice was smooth, it didn’t choke up, she didn’t lie.

title: Leaving (100 Words)

question: Where is Florin going?

answer: Florin is moving to a new home.

question: Who is Gavin?

answer: Gavin is a man in love with Florin.

question: Why was Florin moving?

answer: This information can't be found.

question: Are Florin and Gavin in love?

answer: Gavin is in love with Florin but she does not feel the same way for him.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer:
Florin was all packed and ready to move out. Gavin lay on the bed, letting her do what she had already decided to. A part of her wished that he would ask her to stay.
She leaves telling Gavin that she is not in love with him.


text:
XINQI DONG () is a doctor of medicine in geriatric medicine and internal medicine, the inaugural Henry Rutgers Distinguished Professor of Population Health Sciences[1] at Rutgers University, and director of the Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research[2].[3][4][5]

As an expert on population health and aging issues, Dong has appeared in multiple media outlets, including _The New York Times_,[6] _The Wall Street Journal,[7] The Washington Post,_[8] _Politico,_[9]_The Huffington Post_,[10] _Reuters_,[11] KFGO,[12] _Science Daily_,[13] _International Business Times_,[14] _CBS Chicago_,[15] _Fox News_,[16] _NBC News_,[17] _New America Media_,[18] _DNA info_,[19] and many others.

He is currently leading the design of the New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study, which will be the largest investigation of its kind to date in New Jersey.[20] The data collection phase is expected to begin in 2020 and will involve approximately 10,000 participants from broad sections of the population, with additional targeting of diverse immigrant groups. The study will investigate factors that influence population health and potential solutions to advance health equity in New Jersey and across the country.

Dong is the director of the Asian Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research (RCMAR), the only center in the national RCMAR program focused on researching trauma and resilience in older Asian American populations. The mission of the program is to improve the health of Asian American older adults and support work by diverse scientists focused on this population.

Dong also has led several epidemiological studies, investigating more than 4,000 Chinese adults, in order to better understand the health and well-being of Chinese families in the United States.[21][22][23]

Recent studies

New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study

The New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study, currently in a one-year design phase, aims to improve the understanding of drivers of population health and health equity in the state. The study will collect granular data over time on approximately 10,000 New Jersey residents representing a broad section of the population, with additional focus on diverse immigrant groups. The first round of data collection is expected to begin in late 2020.

The PINE Study

THE PINE STUDY (_Population Study of ChINese Elderly in Chicago_) is a longitudinal study of Chinese older adults who are more than 60 of age living in the Chicago area. The goal is to find out the factors that impact the health and well-being of this population.[24]

The PIETY Study

THE PIETY STUDY is cross-sectional study investigating Chinese adult children (aged 21 or above) of the participants from the PINE study. The objectives of the PIETY Study is to better understand the factors that influence the health of Chinese elderly from the perspectives of the adult children.[25]

Cognitive Impairment Caregiving Study

Cognitive Impairment Caregiving Study aims to explore the unique cultural determinants of caregiving experience of adult children whose parent/parent-in-law has memory loss issues, and identify the barriers and challenges those adult children are facing.[26]

Promoting Social and Emotional Well-Being in the Chinese Community

Promoting Social and Emotional Well-Being in the Chinese Community program aims to lower rates of mental distress and promote mental well-being of U.S. Chinese adults through the assistance of community health workers (CHWs). By using empowering education, referral to treatment, care coordination, and behavioral activation, CHWs help the participant understand and cope with their emotions, and make concrete steps toward improving their mental health and overall well-being.[27]

Awards

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  2018
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  Elected Member, American Society of Clinical Investigation[28]

  Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Award for Health Equity[29]

  2017

  M. Powell Lawton Award, Gerontological Society of America[30]

  Eward Busse Award, International Congress of Gerontology and Geriatrics[31]

  2015

  Rosalie S. Wolf Memorial Award, National Adult Protective Services Association[32]

  Joseph T. Freeman Award, Gerontological Society of America[33]

  APA Award for Advancing Minority Mental Health, American Psychiatric Foundation[34]

  2014

  APHA National Award for Excellence, American Public Health Association[35] Outstanding Scientific Achievement for Clinical Investigation Award, American Geriatrics Society[36]

  2013 |-twigssales

  Before 2012

  2011 Maxwell A. Pollack Award for Productive Aging, Gerontological Society of America[38] 2010 Physician Advocacy Merit Award, Institute of Medicine as Profession[39]

  2009 Central Society for Clinical Research Award[40]

  2008 Paul B. Beeson Physician Faculty Award in Aging[41]

  2006 Nobuo Maeda International Aging and Public Health Research Award, American Public Health Association[42]
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Current grants

-   New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study: 76850, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation
-   New Jersey Minority Aging Collaborative: R24AG063729[43]
-   Asian Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research (RCMAR): P30AG059304[44]
-   National Institute on Nursing Research: R01NR 014846_A1
-   National Institute of Aging/NINR/NIMH: R01AG042318
-   National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparity: R01MD006173
-   National Cancer Institute: R01CA163830, P20CA165592
-   National Institute on Mental Health: R34 MH 100393A1, R34 MH 100443A1
-   Administration on Aging/ACL: 09EJIG0005-01-00:
-   China Beijing Science and Technology
-   National Opinion Research Center (NORC)

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title: XinQi Dong

question: When will the New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study begin data collection?

answer: The New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study will begin data collection in 2020.

question: How many participants will the the New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study have?

answer: The New Jersey Population Health Cohort Study will involve about 10,000 participants.

question: Who is the director of the Asian Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research?

answer: Xinqi Dong is the director of the Asian Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research.

question: What year did Xinqi Dong win the Joseph T. Freeman Award?

answer: Xinqi Dong won the Joseph T. Freeman Award in 2015.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Xinqi Dong is leading a research effort into the factors that influence a population's health amongst other things. Xinqi Dong has done similar studies in the past, and has won many awards for his research.


text:
-   September 20, 2017

-   September 20, 2017

Drug-carrying "microparticles" developed by MIT engineers are capable of releasing two years’ worth of time-staggered vaccine doses with a single injection.

[]
_Up-close look at 3D printed microparticle. CREDIT: MIT_
As many parents know, immunizing infants against childhood diseases takes many pinpricks and multiple doctor visits.

In developed countries like the US, those follow-up visits are an inconvenience that people sometimes skip or forget about. But in the developing world — where access to healthcare may be more limited — missed vaccinations can post a greater threat to individual and public health outcomes.

If infants miss required follow-ups, they face a higher disease risk. Around the world, an estimated 1.5 million children die each year from vaccine-preventable diseases (such as measles or pneumonia).

Now, 3D printing may help more babies receive the benefits of immunization without multiple doctor visits. Using a novel fabrication technique, MIT researchers have developed microparticles capable of delivering multiple, time-programmed doses of a drug in just a single injection.

The MIT research kicked off as part of a project funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, which has made vaccine delivery one of its flagship global-health initiatives.

According to the Gates Foundation more than 70% of the world’s unvaccinated children live in 10 countries with large populations and “weak immunization systems.” To improve those systems, the Foundation sought a new, single-injection method for delivering all the vaccines a child needs during the first 1 – 2 years of life.

The vaccine delivery technique developed by MIT engineers (and detailed in a September 2017 study in the journal _Science_) is capable of doing just that.

[]
_Schematic of a syringe containing multiple microparticles for release in the body. CREDIT: MIT_
The researchers’ innovation can create an entire library of tiny vaccine particles to be loaded into a single syringe. Each particle is sealed in PLGA, an FDA-approved form of polymer commonly used in sutures and prosthetics.

The polymer casings (which resemble coffee cups) for the microparticles are designed to degrade at specific times, subsequently releasing immunizing drugs into the body on a predictable schedule.

[]
_Rendering of the SEAL fabrication process. CREDIT: MIT_
The team of engineers (led by senior study authors Robert Langer and Ana Jaklenec) had previous experience developing 3D-printed polymer particles capable of gradually releasing drugs into the body. But creating polymer cups capable of “spilling” their contents at precise intervals demanded a new fabrication technique — one capable of sealing many different microparticles inside many separate casings, each with a unique molecular weight.

The molecular weight and structure of the polymer casings determines the pace at which they degrade (and then release drugs) inside the body. To fabricate the tiny cups and seal them with uniquely weighted “lids,” the team invented a new 3D printing technique they dubbed SEAL, or “StampEd Assembly of polymer Layers.”

The SEAL method offers a high level of control over constructing 3-D microparticles for biomedical purposes. Similar to the way computer chips are manufactured, the researchers fabricate each “layer” of microparticles on its own, then assemble the layers together in a defined structure.

The researchers first created custom molds for the polymer cups and lids, and then use the molds to create and shape the PLGA encasings to their desired weights. Once the array of polymer cups was formed, the researchers used a custom-built, automated dispensing system to load each cup with the appropriate drug or vaccine.

[]
_An automated dispensing system fills each cup with the drug or vaccine. CREDIT: Langer Lab_
After the cups are filled, the lids are deposited onto the cups and heated slightly – which allows a tight seal to form between the lid and cups. As aligned and lowered onto each cup, and the system is heated slightly until the cup and lid fuse together, sealing the drug inside.

In tests on mice for the study published in _Science_, the SEAL-sealed microparticles were effective at releasing vaccines in short, timed bursts (without prior leakage) at intervals between 9 and 41 days after injection. More importantly, the team’s immunization results with time-bursting microparticles were comparable to those seen with traditional multiple-dose methods.

  “Part of the novelty is really in how we align and seal the layers,” said Ana Jaklenec. “This new method called SEAL can be used with any thermoplastic material and allows for fabrication of microstructures with complex geometries.”

The researchers say they’ve also developed particles capable of degrading and releasing drugs hundreds of days after injection — which could potentially revolutionize vaccine delivery.

Further study is necessary to ensure the drugs maintain stability while living in the blood (at body-heat temperatures) for such long periods, but the researchers are developing “stabilization” strategies as they test the SEAL approach with additional vaccines.

If further testing proves the particles can remain stable inside the body, this approach could be used to minimize injections for any drug demanding injections at regular intervals, such as allergy shots. Ultimately, greater use of the SEAL method could help more people receive drugs or vaccines — and stay well — with fewer visits to the doctor.

“The SEAL technique could provide a new platform that can create nearly any tiny, fillable object with nearly any material, which could provide unprecedented opportunities in manufacturing in medicine and other areas,” Jaklenec says.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

The original research study “Fabrication of fillable microparticles and other complex 3D microstructures” was published in the _Science_ in September 2017. Full information is available here.

------------------------------------------------------------------------

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question: What are these new drug-carrying microparticles expected to be doing?

answer: They are developed with the capability of releasing two years' worth of time-staggered vaccine doses with a single injection.

question: How many children die around the world from vaccine-preventable diseases?

answer: 1.5 million.

question: Who funded this project?

answer: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation

question: What is one of Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation's flagship initiatives?

answer: Vaccine delivery to developing countries.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The article describes the work researchers at MIT have been doing in developing slow-releasing vaccines that could lower child mortality in developing countries.


text:
SRI NIWAS (1946–2012) was an Indian geophysicist and a professor at the Department of Earth Sciences of the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee.[1][2] He was known for his researches on the _Inversion of Geophysical Data_.[3] He was an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies viz. Indian National Science Academy,[4] Indian Academy of Sciences,[5] National Academy of Sciences, India[6] as well as Indian Geophysical Union[7] and was an elected member of the Association of Exploration Geophysicists.[8] The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Earth, Atmosphere, Ocean and Planetary Sciences in 1991.[9]

Biography

[Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee] Sri Niwas, born on 4 July 1946 in Rakhat village of Gorakhpur district, in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh to Ram Adhar Pandey, did his early schooling at local schools to complete his intermediate course from Board of High School and Intermediate Education Uttar Pradesh before joining Banaras Hindu University for his college education from where he passed BSc hons degree in 1966 and MSc in geophysics in 1968.[10] He enrolled for doctoral studies at the same university and secured a PhD in 1974 for his thesis, _Theoretical treatment of some problems on electrical behavior of layered Earth system_.[11] Subsequently, he did his post-doctoral studies at the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee (then known as University of Roorkee) and in 1976, joined the institution as a pool officer to start his career. He served out his entire career at IIT Roorkee, holding such positions as a Lecturer (1977–79) and Reader (1980–91) before superannuating in 2011 as a professor. In between, he served as a professor, chair of the Department of Geophysics and joint director of the Summer School[12] of Kurukshetra University from 1989 to 1992 on deputation and as a visiting professor at Federal University of Bahia during 2000–01. Post-retirement, he continued his association with IIT Roorkee as an emeritus professor.[13]

Sri Niwas was married to Shashi Kala and the couple had three children. He died on 15 November 2012, at the age 67.[14]

Legacy

The researches of Niwas were focused on the geophysical problems with regard to their forward and inverse solutions and his pioneering work assisted in the electrical exploration of groundwater in alluvial terrains.[15] He proposed models of system matrix function in terms of exponential functions and designed a methodology using singular value decomposition which is reported to have applications in a variety of geological environments.[16] His studies have been detailed in several peer-reviewed articles; the online article repository of the Indian Academy of Sciences has listed a number of them.[17] He also guided 12 doctoral and 110 MTech students in their studies.[18] His contributions were reported in the establishment of the Department of Geophysics at Kurukshetra University and he was one of the group of academicians who designed a curriculum in geophysics for IIT Roorkee. He was a life member of the Indian Geological Congress[19] and a member of the faculty of Earth Sciences of the _Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research_ (INSPIRE) program of the Department of Science and Technology.[20] He was also involved with the Summer School program of the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC)[21] and was a referee of _Proceedings in Earth and Planetary Sciences_ of the Indian Academy of Sciences.[22]

Awards and honors

The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1991.[23] He was an elected fellow of the Indian National Science Academy, Indian Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Sciences, India and the Indian Geophysical Union[24] and a member of the Association of Exploration Geophysicists.[25]

Selected bibliography

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title: Sri Niwas

question: When was Sri Niwas born?

answer: Sri Niwas was born on the 4th of July, 1946.

question: When did Niwas earn his PhD?

answer: Niwas earned his PhD in 1974.

question: Who awarded Niwas the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize?

answer: The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research awarded Niwas the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize.

question: How many children did Niwas have?

answer: Niwas had three children.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Sri Niwas was an Indian geophysicist and professor. He focused on various problems in geophysics, taught many students and received various awards and honors.


text:
GUARDIAN WRITERS’ PREDICTED POSITION: 5th (NB: this is not necessarily Jacob Steinberg’s prediction but the average of our writers’ tips)

LAST SEASON’S POSITION: 6th

ODDS TO WIN THE LEAGUE (VIA ODDSCHECKER): 20-1

The first thing to make clear is that the man charged with reviving Arsenal is not the Spanish equivalent of David Moyes. The second is that for any comparison with Manchester United’s struggle to adapt to life after Sir Alex Ferguson to hold, Arsène Wenger would have had to leave his successor a title-winning team, rather than one that failed to win an away game in 2018 until the final day of last season.

If Unai Emery’s task is daunting, it is only because the previous boss was well past his glorious peak. Whereas United’s travails since Ferguson’s retirement in 2013 have exposed their structural failings, the unfortunate truth is that decay had taken hold at Arsenal long before the announcement of Wenger’s departure on 20 April. The folly of telling the Wenger Out brigade to be careful what they wished for whenever dissatisfaction rose had become impossible to ignore.

Stats
How, after all, did it make sense for Arsenal to turn a blind eye to Wenger’s decline simply because United hired Moyes? It was a disingenuous argument, a counterproductive way of thinking and a waste of time. As long as the status quo remained in place, there was no way for Arsenal to make real progress.

The price of inertia is that the squad Wenger left behind was the worst of his 22-year reign, which at least means that Emery can start with expectations at a realistic level. Arsenal missed out on Champions League qualification again last season and they will have to re-establish themselves in the top four before thinking about winning their first title since 2004.

That explains why there was little grumbling when Wenger left with a year remaining on his contract. It will be strange not to see the Frenchman in the dugout when Manchester City visit the Emirates on the opening weekend but the time had come for Arsenal to innovate – and it is telling that Emery’s title is head coach, with Raúl Sanllehí and Sven Mislintat placed in charge of transfers. This project is Ivan Gazidis’s baby. The club’s chief executive, who was linked with a move to Milan last week, finds himself in a strong position in north London, having found a manager willing to work under his structure.

Crucially, Arsenal have had a while to adjust. Emery was in place less than a fortnight after Wenger’s final game, allowing the Spaniard a full summer to work with his new squad, and it will be fascinating to see if the 46-year-old is capable of invigorating a team who have been crying out for more direction. Vague tactics have led to Arsenal becoming flimsy, immature and prone to collapse at the first sign of trouble.

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While it might have been braver for them to press ahead with their early interest in Mikel Arteta, who has received quite the education as part of Pep Guardiola’s entourage at City, it is worth keeping in mind that the 36-year-old would have been learning on the job. Could Arsenal afford a gamble when they have already fallen so far behind their rivals? Not when Emery was regarded as the safer choice.

[Henrikh Mkhitaryan, Mesut Özil, Héctor Bellerín, Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang and Petr Cech unveil the club’s third kit in Singapore.]

Henrikh Mkhitaryan, Mesut Özil, Héctor Bellerín, Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang and Petr Cech unveil the club’s third kit in Singapore. Photograph: Stuart MacFarlane/Arsenal FC via Getty
Perhaps that does not reflect too well on Arsenal. They have gone for experience but they have not appointed a sure thing. Emery is not a genius like Guardiola, a forceful personality like Jürgen Klopp or a ruthless winner like José Mourinho. He has won more than Tottenham’s Mauricio Pochettino and Chelsea’s Maurizio Sarri, true, but even his achievement of leading Paris Saint-Germain to a domestic treble last season comes with the caveat that he lost the title to Monaco in his first season in France and made no impression in the Champions League.

Equally, however, PSG’s financial advantage can magnify their setbacks. Perhaps it was the wrong fit for Emery. His reputation as a demanding football obsessive might have stopped him from connecting with PSG’s egotists but it has helped him flourish in less suffocating environments. The experience of achieving three consecutive Europa League triumphs at Sevilla should prove helpful as Arsenal prepare for another Thursday-Sunday schedule.

Above all, Arsenal have turned to a coach who will work relentlessly on his players’ weaknesses, which should benefit stagnating youngsters such as Héctor Bellerín, Calum Chambers, Rob Holding and Alex Iwobi. There will be more intensity and Emery, who seems likely to favour a 4-2-3-1 system, has spoken about shifting the emphasis from dominating possession to showing remorseless hunger off the ball.

A new Arsenal are gradually starting to take form. There has been no major clear-out yet – Jack Wilshere has moved to West Ham after being told his opportunities would be limited and Santi Cazorla has returned to Villarreal in search of a fresh start – but the tweaks Emery has made so far show where he wants to improve.

Stats
The arrival ofStephan Lichtsteiner, the experienced Swiss right-back, on a free transfer from Juventus should harden a naive side, while Arsenal have looked to toughen their soft centre with the £17.7m signing of the Greece centre-back Sokratis Papastathopoulos from Borussia Dortmund and the £26.5m signing of the talented Uruguayan midfielder Lucas Torreira from Sampdoria. Bernd Leno is expected to take the No1 spot from Petr Cech after joining from Bayer Leverkusen for £19.2m, while Mattéo Guendouzi, a 19-year-old French midfielder, is one for the future after signing for £7m from Lorient.

That, however, is that as far as new signings are concerned. Funds are limited, meaning that Arsenal have required a focused approach, and Emery could find himself itching to replace a few members of his squad soon.

Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang and Alexandre Lacazette could form a potent partnership in attack, Aaron Ramsey offers goals and energy from midfield and Ainsley Maitland-Niles, Reiss Nelson and Konstantinos Mavropanos showed promise last season. However, Henrikh Mkhitaryan and Mesut Özil are not as consistent as their equivalents elsewhere, Danny Welbeck has struggled to stay fit, Granit Xhaka can be rash in central midfield, Shkodran Mustafi has toiled at centre-back, Laurent Koscielny is injured and Sead Kolasinac and Nacho Monreal are unconvincing options at left-back. There are holes to fill and a lack of quality depth.

Framed in that way, Emery has his work cut out and it remains to be seen if Arsenal have made up enough ground on their rivals. These, ultimately, are uncertain times in north London and it will only take a couple of bad results for people to start questioning the wisdom of parting with Wenger. But there is no going back, no room for doubt or panic, even if it is painful at first. In Ivan, Raúl, Sven and Unai they have to trust. They have no other option.

question: Who is the man charged with reviving Arsenal?

answer: Not the Spanish equivalent of David Moyes.

question: Is there a comparison between Arsenal and Manchester United in this case?

answer: No.

question: Who was the equivalent of Unai Emerson in Manchester United's case?

answer: Sir Alex Ferguson.

question: Who does the author hold responsible for Arsenal's decay?

answer: Arsene Wegner.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The article discusses the uphill battle facing the reform of the Arsenal FC now that a new coach, Unai Emerson has taken over for Arsene Wegner. The author blames Wegner for Arsenal's decay, and discusses facets of the team and the game.


text:
CHARLES MONTALAND (1 May 1910 – 30 May 1985) was a French organist, composer, improviser, and music teacher, born in Lyon.

He studied music composition with René Leibowitz and orchestration with Manuel Rosenthal.

For 30 years he taught music at Lyon music conservatory (fr).

A street in the neighbourhood of Villeurbanne bears his name.[1]

A choir bears his name. Ensemble Charles Montaland[2]

[1] Rues de Villeurbanne

[2]

title: Charles Montaland

question: Who was Charles Montaland?

answer: a French organist, composer, improviser, and music teacher

question: Where did Charles Montaland teach music?

answer: Lyon music conservatory

question: Who did Charles Montaland study under?

answer: René Leibowitz and Manuel Rosenthal

question: What instrument did Charles Montaland play?

answer: organ

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Charles Montaland was a French organist, composer, improviser, and music teacher.


text:
It’s a muggy summer night in Treewell, North Carolina. Nobody really comes to this sleepy town of maybe two hundred. To be honest, most people fear the town, well, except for those who want to explore the possibilities of their desires. Legend has it that if you have cash and a request, your life can change forever. You just have to go to the cabin on the lake and call for one of them.

“How can I help you?” The strange woman asked Marla in a voice apparently made of gravel. The room they sit in is dark with a single lantern by the door.

“I’m sorry I’ve never been to a witch before. I, I don’t know how to ask.” Marla said sheepishly.

The lady lifts a wrinkled finger and says with authority, “First, we aren’t witches and haven’t called ourselves such since the persecution. We are 'Artists'. Ask us how you would ask any other person.”

“I’m so sorry. I’m in love with my male roommate, his name is Charlie. I’m nothing but a friend to him and I’d like for him to love me back.”

The old Artist flips her long, salt and pepper hair back and laughs, “Girl, a person can only love what it shares flesh with. You can love your father and your mother, you can love your siblings, you can love your child, but you can never truly love someone outside of that connection.”

The young lady is taken back by that statement. “Yes I can love him and I do.”

“Then what do you love so much about him?”

“He’s kind. He has the most beautiful smile. He works out so he has an amazing body...”

“Stop right there”, the Artist interrupts “What you have just described to me are physical traits and surface behavior. You’re naturally in love with his genes rather than him as a person. You've only succumbed to his mating call. A call that he isn't even aware he's made.”

“Are you here to judge? I’m paying you for a service.”

“Now that money has changed hands, I am working for you. I just want to warn you.” Just as the artist made that statement the lantern flickered, even with the absence of wind. “You’re asking me to make someone do something that isn’t naturally possible.”

“Do it anyway.”

The woman has a belly laugh, shoots back in her chair, and stands up to walk to the other side of the room. “I have to warn you that our powers are a lot more mundane than the stories say. It will take me three days to make a love elixir. Until then, you can stay at the Inn in town. You can meet some of the others there”

Marla walks toward the door. “Thank you.”

“Don’t thank me child. After I finish this, he will love you. The manner in which he will love you is the mystery.”

title: The Artists, part 1

question: What would likely happen if Charlie knows that Marla used a love potion on him?

answer: Charlie will probably feel betrayed and angry as no one in their right mind would want to be manipulated.

question: Why are witches now called artists?

answer: Witchcraft has a negative connotation, so instead of being called a "witch," they prefer to be called an "artist," just like anyone who practices a certain craft.

question: What if Marla can't wait for three days and demands to have the love elixir on the same day?

answer: Marla won't get the love elixir on the same day since the process takes three days. If she rushes things, she might take home an elixir that is ineffective.

question: Is it true love that Marla feels about Charlie?

answer: Perhaps it's just infatuation. The reasons she stated why she loved Charlie were too shallow. Also, a person who loves someone won't use a love potion as it is unfair.


text:
CORK GREYHOUND STADIUM was a greyhound racing stadium on Western Road in Cork, Munster.[1] It is not to be confused with Curraheen Park.

Origins

The first greyhound track in Cork was known as The Show Grounds Greyhound Track and ran from 1928-1935 but closed on 20 September 1935 following the decision to relocate to a site nearer the city centre. The site chosen was between Western Road and the north bank of the River Lee near the Wellington Bridge.[2]

Opening

Less than one year after the closure of the circuit at the Showgrounds the second Cork track opened for business on 13 June 1936. Pat O’Brien was installed as the manager.[3]

History

The Irish provincial tracks pressured the Irish Coursing Club for the right to stage Ireland's premier event, the Irish Greyhound Derby which had been exclusively run in Dublin. During a vote in 1939 the club agreed to let Limerick host the race followed by Cork in 1941 but due to the Foot-and-mouth disease in 1941 racing had ceased and when the ban on racing was lifted Cork unfortunately ruled themselves out from being able to host the event at such short notice.[4][5]

In 1942 the chance to hold the Derby was taken despite the fact that Cork could not match the prize money offered by the Dublin tracks. Record crowds attended the event won by Uacterlainn Riac. Cork never hosted the Derby again but in 1944 the Laurels was inaugurated at the track over 500 yards and would soon become a classic race.[6]

The Oaks was held at the track twice in 1939 and 1943 and a competition originally named the Pegasus Cup was also introduced. The Pegasus Cup was renamed the Perpetual Challenge Trophy and later the Guinness Trophy. The Bord na gCon installed a new totalisator system at four tracks including Cork in 1960 and one year later the Laurels switched to the slightly longer distance of 525 yards. Laurels winners included Spanish Chestnut in 1949 and 1950 and the legendary Spanish Battleship took the competition in 1955. Cork bookmakers Liam Cashman sponsored the event for many years.[7]

The Bord na gCon purchased the stadium in 1969 safeguarding the future of the track from redevelopment. The circumference of the track was 445 yards which consisted of race distances of 300, 310, 500, 525, 550, 70, 745 and 525 hurdles.

Closure

By the late 1980s the facilities were struggling to cope with the large Cork attendances and the Bord na gCon sold the site of the greyhound track in Cork in 1996 and purchased a green-field site in Curraheen on the western fringes of the city with the intention of building a brand new facility there. It took until the year 2000 for the Bord na gCon plans of a new track in Cork to come to fruition. The Western Road venue was redeveloped into the Western Gateway Building (science building of the University College Cork).[8]

Competitions

-   Irish Laurels
-   Oaks
-   Irish Greyhound Derby

Track records

  Yards   Greyhound               Time     Date             Notes
  ------- ----------------------- -------- ---------------- ---------------------------
  300     Lucky Blunder           16.60    29.07.1967
  300     Bunny Browney           16.50    06.09.1973
  300     Hidden Fortune          16.50    08.09.1973
  300     Moonshine Again         16.45    13.05.1978
  300     Odell Supreme           16.43    30.08.1986
  300     Sarahs Moth             16.35    29.09.1989
  300     Moyra Road              16.00    08.11.1995
  310     Blondsman               17.50    1950
  310     Odd Crest               17.20    08.08.1975
  500     Double Shadow           28.82    1950
  500     Spanish Battleship[9]   28.30    29 August 1955   Irish Laurels first round
  500     Last Lap                28.15    1960
  500     Prince of Bermuda       27.95    12.09.1956
  525     Clogher Cross           29.96    1950
  525     Socks On                29.64    May 1957
  525     Kilcaskin Kern          29.45    May 1957
  525     Dark Baby               29.40    1962
  525     Tanyard Heather         29.20    1964
  525     Wandering Sailor        =29.20   1970
  525     Ivy Hall Flash          29.10    29.10.1971
  525     Kilbracken Style        29.10    08.09.1973
  525     Allemaine               29.05    30.10.1978
  525     Knockrour Slave         29.00    30.08.1980
  525     The Stranger [10]       28.95    04.09.1982       Irish Laurels Final
  525     Airmount Grand[11]      28.94    3 July 1989      Irish Laurels 2nd round
  525     Airmount Grand[12]      28.89    8 July 1989      Irish Laurels semi final
  525     Airmount Grand          28.82    15 July 1989     Irish Laurels Final
  525     Adraville Bridge        28.78    14.07.1990       Irish Laurels Final
  525     Live Contender          28.50    17.11.1990
  550     Gorriencoona Border     31.40    Pre 1949
  550     Spanish Lad             31.00    07.10.1949
  700     Muskerry Cream          40.85    1950
  700     Lucky Break             40.00    30.05.1964
  700     Anner Duke              39.80    15.05.1982
  700     Kilcommon Cross         39.70    14.07.1990
  745     Pure Hand               43.00    19.05.1962
  745     Wings of the Morning    43.00    23.06.1962       =equalled
  745     Dempseys Glory          42.95    15.09.1973
  745     Experience              42.80    05.09.1981
  525 H   Deputy Lieutenant       30.74    1950
  525 H   Ashgrove Look           30.15    11.07.1966
  525 H   Race Riot               29.75    07.07.1973

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

title: Cork Greyhound Stadium

question: What is Cork Greyhound Stadium?

answer: The Cork Greyhound Stadium is a greyhound racing stadium in Cork, Munster.

question: When was the first greyhound track in Cork opened?

answer: The first greyhound track was opened in 1928.

question: In what year did Cork host the Irish Greyhound Derby?

answer: Cork hosted the Derby in 1942.

question: What is the "Laurels" that were inaugurated in 1944 at the Cork?

answer: It seems it is a classic race, but the article doesn't reveal any details.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The Cork Greyhound Stadium is a greyhound racing stadium in Cork, Munster opened in 1928. It hosted the Irish Greyhound Derby in 1942.


text:
Excerpts’ from “The Journal”

This is one of the journal entries from a book called “The Journal”.

Let me know what you think........

::

January 10th 7:55 am

It’s snowing. Still the first one here. I hate the snow. It took me 2 hours to drive to work and I smoked all my cigarettes. My head hurts. I have had the same head ache for 6 months. It seems to only go away when I am drunk or high. I remember a time in my life when I loved the snow. I was born in February, so snow was always reminded me of my birthday and that was exciting. I hate my birthday now too. I need more cigarettes.
I think it is the craziest shit in the world to go to work and pretend to be happy or excited to be there; when you are dying inside. If people acted the way they felt, everyone would fucking hate everybody. I hate the background noise of casual conversation. Who cares about your weekend, you’re probably telling me a lie about what you did anyway; so that you can think that I still respect you. If I told you the truth about what I did this weekend, you would think I’m fucking nuts. I can just imagine that conversation with these Midwest jerkoffs. “Oh, hey Bob, how was your weekend”? “Good, just relaxing, how ‘bout yours”? “Good, you know, the usual, got piss drunk wasted, blew coke in a bar’s bathroom until my nose was clogged and then spent Sunday masturbating in between throwing up”. Fuck these people. We have nothing in common. I am constantly acting. It’s hard not to curse.
I love coffee. I love coffee with cigarettes. I sometimes day dream about how awesome it was when you could smoke at your desk and basically anywhere you wanted. I have an old Playboy that shows add for TWA, where the hot stewardess is lighting the business man’s cigarette. That is awesome. But, I still think its ass backwards to smoke indoors. I hate the way you stink the next day after going to a bar that lets you smoke inside. It also seems to bring in the morons. I hate bar games. You can still smoke inside in my home town.  I hate my home town.
My dogs will probably shit inside my house today; they won’t go in the snow. They are good dogs though. We got them from the pound and they were abused as puppies. They have little scares on their feet from their cages at the puppy mills. What kind of soulless piece of trash do you have to be to abuse a fucking puppy? They were a gift to my fiancé.
We are getting married in September and moving to LA the first of the year. This is all I think about. I can’t wait to get out of here. I once planned to move there, but chickened out because I had to do it alone. Pussy. Now I have her and she wants to move there too, so it’s perfect. I don’t care if I have to be a bartender; at least it’s not here. At least there is some fucking culture and life and art and something to do besides, drink yourself to death every fucking weekend.  I am excited for every moment of our move; from the house hunting, to packing our shit, the drive, the hotels, the adventure. That is what life is about. Not this day-to-day Midwest bullshit, I suffer through. I am done playing this fucking corporate shit. I am successful, but fuck it, I hate it. People with any talent don't live here. I can’t stand anything about living here. The way people talk, the way people act, the fact that everyone is a grossly obese and no one seems to notice how fucking ridiculous that is. When the fuck did everyone become so fucking fat and stupid. I sometime wish I was stupid. That would be an easier road.
Someone just showed up. There goes my morning. fuck this.

title: The jounral of a someone

question: Who is the narrator?

answer: That information can't be found

question: Where does the narrator work?

answer: He currently has some kind of corporate job, but after the move, he plans to work as a bartender

question: Where is the narrator from?

answer: Somewhere in the Midwest

question: What motivates the narrator?

answer: The thought of getting married and moving to LA

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: It is a snowy morning in January, and it took the narrator two hours to drive to work. The narrator complains about how people pretend to be happy or excited. They look forward to getting married and leaving their home town, which they hate. Someone else shows up at the narrator's workplace.


text:
[Africa Proconsularis (125 AD)]HIERPINIANA was a Roman era _civitas_ (town) in the Roman province of Byzacena, Roman North Africa. The city was also the seat of an ancient bishopric, which survives today as a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.[1][2]

The current titular bishop is Florian Wörner of Germany.[3][4]

  -------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------- ------------------ --------------------
  TITULAR BISHOPS OF HIERPINIANA
  NO.
  1
  2
  3
  4
  5
  6
  7
  8th
  9
  -------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------- ------------------ --------------------

[1]

[2] Hierpine at catholic-hierarchy.org.

[3] Titular Episcopal See of Hierpiniana at GCatholic.org.

[4] Hierpine at catholic-hierarchy.org.

title: Hierpiniana

question: What was Hierpiniana?

answer: a Roman era civitas in the province of Byzacena, Roman North Africa

question: What does civitas mean?

answer: town

question: Who is the current titular bishop of Hierpiniana?

answer: Florian Wörner

question: Where is Florian Wörner from?

answer: Germany

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Hierpiniana was a Roman era civitas in the province of Byzacena, Roman North Africa.


text:
I just patented this idea and I want to make three prototypes to see its potential (radial, axial and rotary). So in principle I'm going to make the designs for each prototype trying to serve me parts already made for other services as linear guides to avoid the friction of the cylinders, because the magnets lose their force forever when they are heated.

I also want to do some extra testing with materials such as bismuth and pyrolytic graphite, but according to data read and videos I believe that iron is the option with more power because it offers two push cycles. Magnet with magnet and magnet with iron.

The next step is to buy the materials and workmanship of precision, because this needs a lot to demonstrate its full potential. The tests that I have already done have helped me to understand the behavior that is going to have.

After assembling the prototypes I want to check factors like the revolutions, the power and the heat produced to see what mechanism needs to regulate their revolutions and to be able to stop it. I've thought of a magnetic clutch or a self-powered additional electric motor with a small battery to stop it.

The most expensive will be the rotary variant since the magnets have to be custom made and there are minimum orders of 100, 500 or 1000 units depending on the size. In this case will be the smallest but it would be good to see his behavior because of this type I have not been able to do tests. This is my favorite because here could arise a motor-generator of a size as the phone batteries, which would give infinite autonomy to portable devices.

In short, this could give unlimited autonomy to all types of equipment and vehicles without harmful emissions. Even with the proper protection, the magnetic field produced by each motor will remain inside its housing, so it will not interfere with any other nearby electrical equipment. If size would be a problem it could be used at least on public transport buses, machinery and trains.

Risks and challenges

3D design is no problem because I have been learning these years and it is not the first piece I design and manufacture.
The manufacture of the pieces will make by professionals with CNC machines for the best precision and durability.
Now I have all the time and the necessary forces to invest in this project so what can take more is the sending of parts and their manufacture. That's why I'll trust the businesses closest to me to minimize this as much as possible.
The biggest risk is the relationship between size and power, it can be bad and it needs something very large to move a simple home fan.
But.. I think the potential of this deserves an opportunity.

Learn about accountability on Kickstarter

question: What other materials does the author want to run tests with?

answer: The author wants to do extra testing with bismuth and pyrolytic graphite.

question: Which variant will be most expensive?

answer: The rotary variant will be the most expensive.

question: If size is an issue, what else could these devices be used for?

answer: If size is an issue they could still be used on buses, trains, and machinery.

question: What is the biggest risk for these devices?

answer: The biggest risk is the relationship between size and power.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The author is presenting an idea for magnet based generators. They would be available in three configurations and have the potential for clean energy without emissions. The author discusses some risks and challenges to this project going forward.


text:
A popular form of Latin-American dance music, characterized by Afro-Caribbean rhythms, Cuban big-band dance melodies, and elements of jazz and rock. It represents the ongoing evolution and assimilation of a variety of styles which have traveled from Cuba and Puerto Rico to New York, Miami, and elsewhere. The big bands which blazed forth in city dance halls and on New York's famous Fania label in the mid-1960s used rhythm sections and a compositional structure based in the son music style. But they ultimately added fiery horn sections and jazz harmonies, landing squarely in the samba tradition. South and Central America developed their own appetites for Salsa, contributing to its growth through the trailblazing work of artists like Panama's Ruben Blades and Cuba's Celia Cruz.

Salsa: Jaun Luis Guerra, Pedro Conga, Tito Rojas, Maelo Ruiz, Rey Ruiz, Frankie Ruiz, Johnny Rivera, Ismael Rivera, Puerto Rican Power, Dark Latin Groove Aka DLG, Legacia De La Salsa, Yuri Buenaventura, La India, Pedro Jesus, El Gran Combo De Puerto Rico, Tito Nieves, Roberto Roena, Gilberto Santa Rosa, Cheo Feliciano, Willie Colón, Willie Rosario, Jerry Rivera, Sonora Carruseles, Joe Arroyo, Conjunto Chaney, Luis Enrique, Oscar D'Leon, Danny Rojo, Ruben Blades, Guayacan Orquesta, Tony Vega, Victor Manuelle, Edgar Joel, David Cedeño, Eddie Santiago, Edwin Bonilla, Adolescent's Orquesta, Fania All-Stars, Celia Cruz, Willie Gonzalez, Hector Lavoe, and César Pedroso.

A stupid person; it refers to the lack of surface area on an individual's brain. The general thought is that the more surface area (wrinkles, creases, etc.) a brain has, the smarter the person is. Conversely, a person with a smooth brain (no wrinkles) has less surface area and would therefore be stupid.

–noun
1.
a lively, vigorous type of contemporary Latin American popular music, blending predominantly Cuban rhythms with elements of jazz, rock, and soul music.
2.
a ballroom dance of Puerto Rican origin, performed to this music, similar to the mambo, but faster with the accent on the first beat instead of the second beat of each measure.
3.
Mexican Cookery . a sauce, especially a hot sauce containing chilies.
4.
Semen

1.
Dorothy: I like salsa music
Kevin: What The Fuck?
2.
Dave: Can you break dance?
Gabe: No, but I can salsa.
3.
Adrian: That's some damn good salsa Lauren
Megan: My name is Megan...
4.
Eminem: "I'm the lead singer in my band and get all the girls to take off their underpants"

1. Cuban-rooted style of dancing that is considered awesome. Salsa comes hand in hand with a particular style of dancing which can come from Cuba, Los Angeles, New York, Puerto Rico, or Casino style which was also originated in Cuba near the 1960's.

Leading Salsa singers are Celia Cruz, Willy Chirino, and others.

Salsa is the main style of music at latin music discos and clubs specially in Miami.

When performed correctly, the dance of salsa can look very awesome.

The style of music and dancing has it's roots in Cuba and they have extended to other parts of Latin America, however, the originators of the style and the roots are still held by Cubans.

Salsa is not from Cuba as mentioned above. It is a term that refers to both different styles of dance and latin music. The term was created as a way of classifying a multitude of genres of music from latin america for an uninitiated American consuming public. What we now know as salsa music and dance originated in New York from a combination of various Latin rhythms (from Cuba and Puerto Rico in particular as well as others), as well as some U.S. genres like Jazz, primarily by Latinos (again Puerto Ricans and Cubas in particular) as well as other ethnic groups (i.e. African-Americans and Jews).

You'll find the some of the best salsa music by anyone that was on the Fania label.

Nov 30 trending

-     1.  Watermelon Sugar
-     2.  Ghetto Spread
-     3.  Girls who eat carrots
-     4.  sorority squat
-     5.  Durk
-     6.  Momala
-     7.  knocking
-     8.  Dog shot
-     9.  sputnik
-   10.  guvy
-   11.  knockin'
-   12.  nuke the fridge
-   13.  obnoxion
-   14.  Eee-o eleven
-   15.  edward 40 hands
-   16.  heels up
-   17.  columbus
-   18.  ain't got
-   19.  UrbDic
-   20.  yak shaving
-   21.  Rush B Cyka Blyat
-   22.  Pimp Nails
-   23.  Backpedaling
-   24.  Anol
-   25.  got that
-   26.  by the way
-   27.  Wetter than an otter's pocket
-   28.  soy face
-   29.  TSIF
-   30.  georgia rose

question: What is salsa defined as?

answer: A popular form of Latin-American dance music, characterized by Afro-Caribbean rhythms, Cuban big-band dance melodies, and elements of jazz and rock.

question: What's another definition of salsa?

answer: A ballroom dance of Puerto Rican origin, performed to this music, similar to the mambo, but faster with the accent on the first beat instead of the second beat of each measure.

question: What is a third definition of salsa?

answer: Mexican Cookery-a sauce, especially a hot sauce containing chilies.

question: There's another take on what salsa is-what is it?

answer: It is a term that refers to both different styles of dance and latin music. The term was created as a way of classifying a multitude of genres of music from latin america for an uninitiated American consuming public.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Salsa is a type of music that is really a fusion of many traditions of music from South and Central America, as well as from Africa.


text:
{{ Infobox model | name = Diane Washburn | image = DianeWashburn.jpg | imagesize = | caption = | alt = |birth_name = Diane Bagshaw | birth_date = | birth_place = San Francisco, California, U.S. | height = | haircolor = | eyecolor = | measurements = | weight = | dress size = | agency = | spouse = Jack Washburn (1927-1992) | relatives = | website = }} DIANE WASHBURN (born May 10, 1932) is a former fashion model for Rose Marie Reid, Roos Brothers and Lily Ann (among others) as well as appearing in ads for Chevrolet and taking the cover of Life Magazine in 1953. Most notable as California's 1953 National Vintage Queen, Washburn is also the wife of late Broadway actor Jack Washburn.

thumb | right | 193px | Vintage Queen: In the wine cellars, 1953

Early life

Diane was born in San Francisco, California, and grew up in Marin County where she was the daughter of famed Marin County District Attorney A.E. Bagshaw and Audrey Van Tassel. She attended Dominican Convent under the Sisters of San Rafael for her elementary education followed by Marin Junior College where she obtained her degree in Interior Design. She also was a member of the prestigious Ballet School of Marin County.

Diane's father, Albert E. Bagshaw was best known for the role he played in the 1935 San Quentin State Prison breakout where “four inmates, convicted killers and kidnappers, headed up to the house of Warden James B. Holohan. There Holohan was savagely beaten and knocked unconscious by one Rudolph Straight for tying to call for help. The warden had been lunching with staff and parole board members, and the convicts with four .45 caliber pistols ordered the members of the board to take off their clothes. Dressed as civilians the men then kidnapped the board and two guards in a big Studebaker, and headed up ten miles past San Rafael. In his book _The San Quentin Story_, which in 1937 would become a film starring Humphrey Bogart, Clinton T. Duffy, assistant to Warden Holohan and future San Quentin Warden, describes the event. ‘Indeed, every road in a fifty mile radius was soon swarming with police cars, and it seemed inevitable that someone would be killed,’ recants Duffy. One of the criminals, Alexander MacKay, ‘turned sharply off the road, but he couldn’t control the car and it plowed into a ditch.’ The escapees then ‘scrambled for grass cover, and…took refuge inside a barn just as the first of the pursuing posses arrived.’ MacKay and the others ‘dropped their weapons and prepared to surrender, but Straight was beyond all reason. He strutted out of the barn with a gun in each hand, and was shot through the head by District Attorney Albert Bagshaw of San Rafael.'”--_The San Quentin Story_, Clinton T. Duffy, San Quentin State Prison, Warden.

Career

In California in 1950 a tradition was started to promote the state's wine region, electing an annual “Vintage Queen.” Diane was informed by a close friend that interviews were being held at the Civic Auditorium in San Francisco for the esteemed post as the ambassador of California wine. Mrs. Washburn says simply of the process, “I sat down in the interview and after a few questions I had the job.” In her biography, _A Celebration of Life_, it reveals that “the exhausting schedule had Miss Bagshaw on tour in Los Angeles, New York, the Napa Valley and Central Coast, at galas and dinners, parades, and luncheons.” Previous to “Vintage Queen,” Mrs. Washburn was a member of the John Robert Powers agency in New York in 1948, and also trained at the Dorothy Farrier School of Modeling. She was “the bathing suit girl” for several years with Rose Marie Reid, modeled for clothing designer Adolph Schumann and Roos Brothers, as well as numerous local ads and promos throughout California's wine region.

thumb | left | 203px | Jack Washburn with Italian opera singer Ezio Pinza

Personal life

thumb | right | 193px | Jack Washburn with President Eisenhower, 1957 In 1953, Diane met Jack Washburn at Hermy King's Rumpus Room, where he was performing with entertainer Johnny Desmond. Jack Washburn had begun his career performing in night clubs in San Francisco and traveled with actor and comedian Bob Hope to entertain the troops during World War 2. Mr. Washburn is best known for his roles as Marius in Josh Logan's 'Fanny' on Broadway, where he replaced Bill Tabbert as the lead after Tabbert became ill, and the 1954 film _The Black Orchid_ starring Sophia Loren and Anthony Quinn.

Diane also appeared on the popular television series Arthur Godfrey Talent Scouts, where she introduced her husband onto stage to sing 'Rags to Riches.' Mr. Washburn received “wild applause” and won the show. She also played the 'Stranger in Paradise' for Perry Como on his long running nighttime show.

In 1964 Mrs. Washburn had the privilege of dancing with President John F. Kennedy at the British Embassy in Washington after his attendance at the National Theater for a performance of 'Mr. President.' Diane’s husband Jack was in the show that evening playing Youssen Daver, a role which he created.

thumb | right | 255px | 'Glen Gables,' New Hope, P.A. Diane lives today in New Hope, Pennsylvania at her farm 'Glen Gables,' a c. 1740s carriage house that she and Jack purchased from notable Pennsylvania modernist artist R.A.D. Miller. The house, on the National Historic Register, has hosted “countless film and stage actors including Esther Williams, Ann Miller, Patti Page, Shirley Jones, and Chita Rivera.” (pg.33-42, _A Celebration of Life_, Xlibis, 2007).

title: Diane Washburn

question: What does the text say about Albert E. Bagshaw's other children?

question: What does the text say about Albert E. Bagshaw?

answer: Albert E. Bagshaw is Diane Washburn's father. He was the San Rafael County District Attorney during the 1935 San Quentin State Prison breakout. He is best known for shooting escaped inmate Rudolph Straight through the head when the latter refused to surrender and threatened law enforcement with a gun in each hand.

question: What does the text say about Diane and Jack?

answer: Diane met her late husband, Jack Washburn, at Hermy King's Rumpus Room in 1953. Jack was performing with entertainer Johnny Desmond at the time. They got married and bought a 1740s carriage house/farm called "Glen Gables" in New Hope, Pennsylvania. Diane still lives in the house today.

question: Summarize Diane's notable achievements.

answer: Diane Washburn is a former fashion model for Rose Marie Reid, Roos Brothers, and Lily Ann. She appeared in ads for Chevrolet and graced the cover of Life Magazine in 1953. Her most notable achievement was being California's 1953 National Vintage Queen. She got her degree in Interior Design at Marin Junior College.


text:
FRANCINA DÍAZ MESTRE is a catwalk and photographic model, established in Barcelona, who worked in Spain and abroad in the 1960s and 70s. In 1982 she opened Spain's first modelling school ever[1] and became a successful businesswoman with her school and agency.

Her early years as a model

Francina was born in Albi, southern France, and at nine months old moved to Barcelona,[2] which she has come to adopt as her birthplace. A remark when she was 16 by a customer of her mother, a seamstress by trade, made her realize that she could take advantage of her body to work in the world of fashion. She embarked on the adventure of entering the world of haute couture. She began working as a model for the designer Pedro Rodríguez. For 2 years he gave her the grounding for her future career as a model. At the age of 18, she entered the Santa Eulàlia fashion house in Barcelona. She worked there for four years and began her career as a model for prestigious fashion designers in Spain. When she was 20, she moved to Paris where she modelled for Lanvin for one year and became Spain's first internationally recognized model. Over the following two years she pursued her international career by working with the greatest designers of the time. She was selected by the Chamber of Fashion (which upheld the interests of Spain's fashion industry and designers) as its representative in countries such as Japan, Belgium and France. She subsequently went to Geneva before returning to Spain to become the country's first freelance model. This allowed her to take on a wide range of work and to enter into the world of advertising.

Her career as a promotional model

Marçal Moliner discovered her and paved the way for her as a promotional model. Francina's face became familiar in every household in Spain through her work in advertising campaigns, TV commercials and the most prestigious fashion magazines. During this period, she worked with the greatest names in advertising such as Leopoldo Pomés, Estudios Moro, Tessi, Xavier Miserachs, Gianni Ruggiero and Toni Bernad. She took part in the Risk campaign for Andrés Sardá and appeared in TV commercials, notably La Lechera, Gallina Blanca, Camisas IKE, Tergal, Henkel Ibérica, Playtex and Loewe. In 1976, she put an end to her career as a model and moved to Italy, where she lived in Florence and Milan.

Francina behind the scenes

On her return to Barcelona in 1982, Francina decided to pass on the skills she had learnt from her professional experiences on the catwalk to future Spanish models.[3] She thus set up the Francina New Modeling School, where she undertook the difficult task of training models, and in 1983 she created the Francina International Modeling Agency. Success stories include models such as Judit Mascó, Mar Saura, Marta Español, Tammy, Estel, Monica Van Campen and Carla Collado.

Her newly created agency began securing work for female models, and later male models, who were trained at her school. In addition to representing models, between 1984 and 1987 she also explored other activities such as choreography and the organization of fashion shows. After that, Francina concentrated her activities on representing Spanish and international top models. Amongst those are Fernanda Tavares, Tiiu Kuik, Jeísa Chiminazzo, Petra Kvapilova, María Reyes, Vanessa de Assis, Cintia Dicker, Cristina Guillén, Nicole Jonnel, Mike Nock, Jason and Laszlo. In 1998, Francina decided to set up Options by Francina Models Agency,[4] a new venture specialized in up-and-coming young talents, filling a gap in a market always hungry for new faces.

The school was closed in 2004 and Francina currently manages and represents models at her two agencies, Francina and Options.

Recognition of her achievements

In recognition of her lifelong dedication to fashion, at the 2006 edition of the AME (Association of Modelling Agencies of Spain) prize-giving ceremony, Francina was awarded a “Premio Abanico” prize for Spain's Best Model in the 1970s. She is also regularly invited to sit on juries at international modelling events. Given her experience she travels around the world to represent Spain in places such as China, USA, France, Italy, Canada, Mexico, Peru, Israel, South Africa and Belgium.

[1] Fashion Model Directory Francina models profile

[2] La Verdad Digital newspaper Cóctel Francina

[3] Emprendedores magazine, Nº 111 December 2006 Crea tu Agencia de modelos

[4]

title: Francina Díaz Mestre

question: Summarize Diaz Mestre's early career.

answer: Francina was inspired to become a model based on a remark by her mother's seamstress. As a teen in Barcelona, she pursued haute couture and runway work. For two years, she worked exclusively with designer Pedro Rodriguez before entering Spain's Santa Eulalia fashion house. At 20, she become internationally known during a Lanvin campaign.

question: Summarize the non-modeling phase of her career.

answer: Francina Diaz Mestre harnessed her in-depth knowledge of the business and of the modeling industry to open her own business. She pretty much retired from modeling herself and in her own company went on the represent tons of up-and-coming models worldwide. First, this took on the form of the Francina Modeling School in Spain. Then, she would go on to own a total of three businesses, shuttering one in 2004.

question: Summarize Francina's role models and influences.

question: Explain why Francina did not want any childhood ties to France.