text:
The sun had disappeared behind the horizon leaving the bright lights of the city to shine like a beacon in the night. The stars in the dark sky were out shined by the lights and the sounds of nature were drowned by the cars and other city noises.

Loud music bounced against the muted yellow colored walls and out of the windows that were opened to keep the apartment from getting too stuffy in the summer weather. The apartment was relatively clean; the only place that was the dirtiest was the kitchen as the inhabitants of the small apartment had been gone all day. The dishes overflowed in the sink and the counters were dirty from all the meals prepared on it.

The music came from the bathroom as the inhabitants living in the apartment were getting ready to go out into the night for some fun that they had not gotten the chance to have in quite a while. The lights over the large bathroom mirror reflected brightly off the orange walls as a girl with black hair too short to do much but put a decorative pin it put on mascara while Sana scrolled on her phone while sitting on the toilet.

“So, let me get this straight,” the girl with the short hair began looking at the blonde in disbelief making Sana roll her eyes and look up from her phone at her. “A guy comes into the ice cream shop, gives you a fat wad of cash and his number, and you’re not even going to text him?”

“He was douche, there’s no way I’m trying to do anything with him or become his friend,” Sana replied shortly causing the girl to roll her eyes dramatically.

Another woman with long black hair walked in the bathroom wearing a blue cocktail dress holding a curling iron.

“Rachel, tell your friend that she’s being a weirdo,” the girl with the short black hair pleaded as Rachel plugged in the curling iron.

“What happened?” Rachel asked as she brushed her hair and looked to Sana.

“A douche gave me his number at work and she’s freaking out that I’m not going to text him,” she explained causing the black haired woman to giggle.

“Well, there’s no point in talking to someone you have no interest in,” she smiled as her younger sister, Devyn, groaned loudly.

“You both are weird,” she sighed taking the brush to begin brushing her hair and watched as her sister began to curl hers.

“I met someone weird today too,” Rachel said nonchalantly catching the attention of her two roommates who looked at each other questionably.

“Go on,” Sana pressed as she watched her friend bounce one of the curls in her hair in her hand before throwing it behind her shoulder.

“I got on the train after going to the store when I got off work and sat next to the guy. He was staring at me strangely before I bumped into him by accident and he pushed me away forcefully,” she explained while flipping another curl behind her shoulder.

“He must’ve had a bad day,” Sana suggested before she pursed her lips. “You guys are getting so dressed up, we’re just going to a bar.” Her clementine eyes looked at the blue cocktail dress and the floral romper her friends were wearing.

“You never know who you’re going to meet,” Rachel said as she unplugged the curling iron.

“You could meet your soulmate there,” Devyn smiled smugly at Sana who rolled her eyes and stood up.

“You two and your soulmate stuff,” she grumbled as she left the bathroom to go into her room to change out of her work clothes.

Her room was the cleanest out of them all and over looked a busy street in the city. It was hard for her to sleep sometimes because of how close the building was to the street and how much light peered in through her window even with the curtains closed. She walked to her closet and stared inside of it at the clothes hanging up. At first she was planning on just wearing jeans and a nice dress shirt but now that her friends were dressing up she could not help but think she had to dress up as well.

Maybe they were right about the soulmate thing, she thought as she grabbed a white off the shoulder sundress. She groaned at her thoughts as she put on the dress and a pair of heels and pushed them away as she brushed her hair. She did not feel like trying to make it fancy nor did she really have the time to along with putting on make up. When she looked in the mirror she was satisfied with how she looked and walked back to the bathroom in confidence.

Rachel and Devyn were giving themselves one last look over before they smiled at Sana, complimenting on how beautiful she looked.

 “You guys ready?”

“Yep!” Rachel flipped her curls behind her shoulders and skipped out of the bathroom followed by her sister.

Sana turned off all the lights in the apartment and followed her friends out on to the street with her purse. She walked beside them down the sidewalk yet she was quiet as they talked to each other, deep in thought. She could not stop thinking about what Devyn had said.

Could she really meet her soulmate at the bar? Was that stuff even real?

She shook her head to get a hold of herself as a man catcalled her from the sidewalk across the street, bringing her back to reality. She ignored the man and looked to her friends who were stopped in front of a bar that they had never seen before.

The orange neon sign read, ‘Demie’s’ and looking inside the windows it was easy to tell that the place was a hot spot.

“Let’s try it,” Rachel said as she grabbed the door handle and opened the door, walking in with her sister and Sana close behind.

There was a bell above the door that rung loudly and heads turned to see the trio walk in to the bar. Most of them went quiet but the jukebox in the corner of the bar still played on as Sana was the only one who seemed to notice the stare of the other patrons. One particular patron made her blood boil as a chill went down her spine when their eyes met.

She gripped the leather strap of her purse and glared at the grinning red eyed man before following her friend’s lead who sat down at an empty booth. She made sure her back was towards the man even though she could still feel his stare as the other patrons went back to their drinking and eating.

They did not sit there long before a tall man walked up them who gave them all a shock while he smiled warmly down at them.

“What can I get you three?”

title: [FN] Soulmates?

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why does Devyn think that the girls are weird?

answer: Because they don't text a guy who gave Sana his number in the ice cream shop. The girls do not believe in the soulmate idea.

text: The response should be written as a full sentence.

refinement: Devyn thinks the girls are weird because they don't text a guy who gave Sana his number in the ice cream shop. The girls do not believe in the soulmate idea.

answer: Because they don't text a guy who gave Sana his number in the ice cream shop.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why are the girls dressing up?

answer: Because they're going to a buzzy bar.

text: The answer should be written as a complete sentence.

refinement: They're dressing up because they're going to a buzzy bar.

answer: They are going to a bar, so they want to look their best.

answer: The girls are dressing up because they believe that they might just meet their soulmates at the bar.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why did one of the patrons make Sana's blood boil?

answer: He was the same man who was staring at her.

answer: He had red eyes and grinned at her.


split: test

text:
Nimblud was a hub for traders and travelers who wished to cross the seas to the west.  The people there built mostly white buildings made of sharp straight angles to long thin points up into the sky.  The rest of the land was fairly flat which made it look like a pin cushion from a distance.  But when it was night the multicolored lights would make the city glow a beautiful kaleidoscope of colors.  This also was a pleasant help to sailors as they came into the city.
A beast who used to be a man walked into the city.  He was larger than any man and barrel chested.  His skin was orange and he had an under-bite and two wide-but short horns growing from the front of his forehead.  His beard was long but missing the hair on top of his head.

The brute wandered into the city and the townsfolk of humans, spirits, and gnomes all strayed away from him.  He walked straight to the local tavern and sat an empty seat at the dice game currently in progress.  “You buying in big fella?” Asked an older man in a robe currently shaking some dice in his hand.  The brute said nothing and just sat staring at him.

“Okay……” the old man dropped the dice into a bowl and everyone watched the dice spin waiting to see if the man had won or lost.  The old man could feel the brute staring at him still but kept his eyes on the dice.

Suddenly the brute smashed the dice table with one of his hands and grabbed the old man up by the front of his robe and slammed him against the opposite wall.  “Remember me?” the brute growled.  Pulling his face closer to the old man and displaying his sharp teeth.

The other players at the table were enraged and went to draw their swords onto the brute but he simply backhanded them and knocked them through the tables behind them.  Then he punched the wall next to the old man’s head creating a fist sized hole in the wall.

“I swear I think you have the wrong person!”  The old man said.

“You made me like this!”  The brute said and threw him back into the other men right as they were getting up.  He stomped towards them all when a man from the corner stabbed him in side.  The brute just stared at him and squashed his head with one of his hands.  Then the pulled the sword out and bite into the blade shattering it.  His wound began to emit a black smoke but then his wound slowly sealed up.

Soon the town guards came in and rushed to attack him.  He caught their glaives in his hands and shattered those blades too.  Stunned the guards stood in shock until the brute ran up and dove into them feet first sending them hurtling outside to smash into a wall and shattering a few of their bones.  When he got up he turned to see the old man running out the back door.

The brute charged after him.  In his pursuit he killed one of the gamblers when his huge foot crushed him in his path.  He leapt through the wall and landed close enough to the old man to grab him by the leg and hold him upside down in front of his face.

“Okay I’m sorry okay!  I did not know it would be permanent!  I didn’t mean to do it!”  The old man pleaded.

He had convinced the brute to try some magical pixie powder he had bought from a traveling mage.  The old man did not want to try it on himself so he convinced a local teenager in the village he was at from across the western villages.  It had transformed that boy into an ogre like creature and wiped his mind of his memories.  At the time he slinked away hoping the brute would never remember what he had did and moved to this village to start a new life.

“Cure me!!!” the brute roared!  “Give me my life back!!”  His thunderous voice echoed into the alleyways.  The rest of the towns guards had surrounded him and the old man during the shouting.  The old man hung there covering his face and trembling.

“I can’t!  I can’t!  I’m not a mage!  I was told it would give me power but I didn’t know how to use it!  I’m sorry!!  I’m sorry!!”

The brute’s anger disappeared from his face and he closed his eyes and looked down at the ground.

Then he swung the old man hard into the ground smashing his face like a watermelon onto the street.  They turned in disgust giving the brute enough time to swing the old man one more time into the guards and clearing a path for him to escape.  He leapt past them and jumped onto a large brick platform that had been resting outside of the town.   It began to rise into the air and once it had gotten off the ground it began to fly away off into the starry night between the desert pyramids.

A figure in the corner sat cross legged with its back towards the brute.  “I told you it was a waste of time.  Once I found out your past I could tell he was just a fool.”

“I know…. But I lost everything and once you gave me back my memories it broke my heart in ways you could never imagine.  I’m no longer Dash the man or Gorrak the damned.  Now I am someone else entirely and I wanted just one more chance to be the person I was originally supposed to be.  Now I have nothing.”

“Then we will call you something different.  Perhaps Korrash is fitting?  Regardless I gave you back your memories and helped you find the man who did this to you.  Are you ready to pledge yourself to me?”  The creature slowly got up and turned around.  Its head and face was wrinkled beyond human capacity.  Like a naked mole rate.  When it flipped up its hood all you could see were two small white pupiless eyes and a tiny mouth with big fish like lips.

“I do.  I pledge my servitude to you Mordid”.  Korrash said as he slumped down to sit down on the floor.  He had lost his past and his future.  All he had now was the present and his promise to Mordid.

They rode in silence atop the levitating brick platform in silence.  The cool wind was refreshing as they passed under the starts in the black night sky.  Mordid thought back pleasantly to day he had sold that transformative powder to that poor old man.

title: [FN] The lost life

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the brute mean when he says he "was just trying to get [back to being] the man he was supposed to be"?

answer: [rewrite]

text: The story explicitly talks about why the narrator wants to go back to being like he was in the past. The answer should tell that.

refinement: The narrator was a normal teenager when a man convinced him to try a pixie powder, which erased his memories and turned him into an ogre-like creature. The narrator, having found out about his past, wanted to become normal again - to have his old life back.

answer: It appears as if he was not trying to get back to being human. More specifically, he was trying to get back to being a man needing the rectification of memories. He was a mindless ogre for an unknown period of time, but he thinks he wants to continue being a monster.

answer: The brute is referring to the man he was before he became an ogre.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Do you think that the man really had been the one to transform the brute, and why or why not?

answer: No, unless there have been other curses which had been casted.

text: The answer is wrong. The story clearly tells the story of how the narrator was transformed.

refinement: The old man clearly played a role in the brute's transformation from a teenager to his current monstrous form. However, the events were manipulated by Mordid, who sold the pixie powder that transformed the brute to the old man.

answer: It is possible that the man was the one to transform the brute, but it seems the brute was always an ogre.

answer: No, he had no idea what the old man had done to him. Would he have done it otherwise knowing his life had been ruined?!

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How does the brute know that the man who gave him back his memories is not lying? He could have planted false memories.

answer: No answer

answer: The brute is able to read the old man's mind.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How do we come to find out Mordid has been engineering this scheme and manipulating the brute for a very long time?

answer: The brute is given back his memories and he realizes that Mordid had been the one who had turned him into an ogre.

text: The brute never finds out Mordid's complicity in his predicament. We are told in the story about Mordid's thoughts, which is how we learn.

refinement: The brute is given back his memories by Mordid. We are told about Mordid's thoughts about how glad he is to have sold the pixie powder to the old man, who tried it on the teenager, turning the teenager into the brute.

answer: The brute is given back his memories and he is heartbroken. He pledges himself to Mordid.

answer: The brute is given back his memories and he is heartbroken. He pledges himself to Mordid. The creature in the corner has been watching the whole time.


text:
ALEKSANDR SERGEYEVICH TROFIMOV, (; 11 February 1927, Moscow – 10 April 2000), was a Soviet and Russian painter, art critic, and art historian. Professor at Surikov institute and Russian Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture academy. A member of the Moscow Artists Union.

Biography

Aleksandr Trofimov was born in 1927 in Moscow. He attended the Moscow secondary school of Arts; in 1946–1952, studied in Surikov institute. After graduating from the institute, he worked as an artist at VDNKh for two years. Later Trofimov was hired by the State Historical Museum and stayed there about a year. Between 1955 and 1958 he worked as an artist at the Museum of Moscow.

Career in arts education

About 7,5 years he worked as a teacher at the People Correspondence university of Arts in Moscow, later – as an assistant professor and docent at the Moscow State Textile University. From 1978 to 1994 Trofimov held the positions of docent (since 1986, of professor[1]) at Surikov institute, department of painting and composition, and of prorector on research work. In 1994, he became prorector on research and educational work at the Russian Painting, Sculpture, and Architecture academy.

Works

Selected exhibitions

-   1943: _The Young Artists exhibition, dedicated to the 25th Anniversary of Komsomol_ (Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow)[2]
-   1955: _The First exhibition of Studies by the Young Artists from Moscow_ (CDRI, Moscow)[3]
-   1958: _The Fourth exhibition of works by the Young Artists from Moscow_.[4]

Albums, selected works (painting)

The painter created a series of landscapes based on twelve pieces by Tchaikovsky, _The Seasons_. Some works of the series were published as a set of cards by the publishing house _Izobrazitelnoe Iskusstvo_. The same publisher issued a set of cards depicting some of his works dedicated to Leo Tolstoy.

-   -

Trofimov's paintings, articles on his works were published by such prominent publishers as _Sovietski khudozhnik_, _Pravda_, _Izvestia_.

Publications by Trofimov

Books

Aleksandr Trofimov wrote the book about the Russian painter Semyon Grigorievich Mukhin (1891-1972):

-

Articles

A number of articles by A. Trofimov, dedicated to Russian artists, to historical monuments and landmarks of Russia, appeared in such magazines as _Khudozhnik_ (1991, 1995, 1996), _Iuny Khudozhnik_ (1999), _Slovo_ (1997), _Moskva_ (1998, 1999).

Public life

A. Trofimov was an active member of VOOPIiK, Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, and became the Chairman of the Presidium of its Moscow branch in 1987.[5] He successfully withstood some plans about the demolition of historical buildings in the centre of Moscow.[6] Yuri Bychkov mentions him as a long-time collaborator and associate of Pyotr Baranovsky.[7]

Trofimov participated in preparations for reconstruction of Kazan Cathedral in Moscow.[8][9]

He was elected deputy to the Mossovet of the 20th convocation.[10]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

title: Aleksandr Sergeyevich Trofimov

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about Trofimov's political associations?

answer: The article says that Trofimov is an active member of VOOPIiK, Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments. He has also been elected deputy to the Mossovet of the 20th convocation.

answer: Nicholas Soloviov mentioned in their Siberian exile.

text: This doesn't answer the question

refinement: He did not belong to the Communist Party due to the organization's rejection of his application in 1953. It's not known if he belonged to any other political party. He is known to have joined VOOPIiK, Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, around 1987. He actively participated in the preparations for the reconstruction of Kazan Cathedral.

answer: He did not belong to the Communist Party due to the organization's rejection of his application in 1953. It's not known if he belonged to any other political party. He is known to have joined VOOPIiK, Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, around 1987. He actively participated in the preparations for reconstruction of Kazan Cathedral.

answer: In addition to him being elected deputy to the 20th convocation of the Mossovet, Trofimov's employment implies that he was at least well-regarded by the Communist regime of his lifetime. These jobs include his 7.5 years as a teacher at the People Correspondance University of Arts in Moscow and his eventual professorship at the Surikov Institute. Another similar sign is him becoming the chairman of the Presidium of the Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments' Moscow branch. His patriotic work also points in the same direction.

answer: According to the article, A. Trofimov was an active member of VOOPIiK, a society dedicated to the preservation of historical monuments and landmarks. He was elected to the Mossovet of the 20th convocation. This suggests that Trofimov was politically active in support of preserving historical monuments.


text:
_INTRODUCTION TO CIRCLE PACKING: THE THEORY OF DISCRETE ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS_ is a mathematical monograph concerning systems of tangent circles and the circle packing theorem. It was written by Kenneth Stephenson and published in 2005 by the Cambridge University Press.

Topics

Circle packings, as studied in this book, are systems of circles that touch at tangent points but do not overlap, according to a combinatorial pattern of adjacencies specifying which pairs of circles should touch. The circle packing theorem states that a circle packing exists if and only if the pattern of adjacencies forms a planar graph; it was originally proved by Paul Koebe in the 1930s, and popularized by William Thurston, who rediscovered it in the 1970s and connected it with the theory of conformal maps and conformal geometry. As a topic, this should be distinguished from sphere packing, which considers higher dimensions (here, everything is two dimensional) and is more focused on packing density than on combinatorial patterns of tangency.

The book is divided into four parts, in progressive levels of difficulty. The first part introduces the subject visually, encouraging the reader to think about packings not just as static objects but as dynamic systems of circles that change in predictable ways when the conditions under which they are formed (their patterns of adjacency) change. The second part concerns the proof of the circle packing theorem itself, and of the associated rigidity theorem: every maximal planar graph can be associated with a circle packing that is unique up to Möbius transformations of the plane. More generally the same result holds for any triangulated manifold, with a circle packing on a topologically equivalent Riemann surface that is unique up to conformal equivalence.

The third part of the book concerns the degrees of freedom that arise when the pattern of adjacencies is not fully triangulated (it is a planar graph, but not a maximal planar graph). In this case, different extensions of this pattern to larger maximal planar graphs will lead to different packings, which can be mapped to each other by corresponding circles. The book explores the connection between these mappings, which it calls discrete analytic functions, and the analytic functions of classical mathematical analysis. The final part of the book concerns a conjecture of William Thurston, proved by Burton Rodin and Dennis Sullivan, that makes this analogy concrete: conformal mappings from any topological disk to a circle can be approximated by filling the disk by a hexagonal packing of unit circles, finding a circle packing that adds to that pattern of adjacencies a single outer circle, and constructing the resulting discrete analytic function. This part also includes applications to number theory and the visualization of brain structure.

Stephenson has implemented algorithms for circle packing and used them to construct the many illustrations of the book, giving to much of this work the flavor of experimental mathematics, although it is also mathematically rigorous. Unsolved problems are listed throughout the book, which also includes nine appendices on related topics such as the ring lemma and Doyle spirals.

Audience and reception

The book presents research-level mathematics, and is aimed at professional mathematicians interested in this and related topics. Reviewer Frédéric Mathéus describes the level of the material in the book as “both mathematically rigorous and accessible to the novice mathematician”, presented in an approachable style that conveys the author's love of the material. However, although the preface to the book states that no background knowledge is necessary, and that the book can be read by non-mathematicians or used as an undergraduate textbook, reviewer Michele Intermont disagrees, noting that it has no exercises for students and writing that “non-mathematicians will be nothing other than frustrated with this book”. Similarly, reviewer David Mumford finds the first seven chapters (part I and much of part II) to be at an undergraduate level, but writes that “as a whole, the book is suitable for graduate students in math”.

title: Introduction to Circle Packing

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about circular logic?

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are some related fields to circle packing?

answer: Sphere packing is a related field.

text: The answer on sphere packing is incomplete. It doesn't state what sphere packing does. The answer should be more inclusive of details.

refinement: Sphere packing is a related field, which considers higher dimensions (here, everything is two-dimensional) and is more focused on packing density than on combinatorial patterns of tangency.

answer: Some related fields are sphere packing, which considers higher dimensions (here, everything is two dimensional) and is more focused on packing density than on combinatorial patterns of tangency.

answer: Sphere packing is a related field. It is more concerned with packing density than with a combinatorial pattern of tangency.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What parts of the book does the reviewer David Mumford call out as exceeding the abilities of a novice?

answer: The first seven chapters of the book

answer: The first seven chapters of the book (part I and much of part II).

answer: The first seven chapters.


text:
I'm looking for some feedback on my story or constructive criticism. Anything about taking out or adding things or whatever thoughts come your way would be helpful!

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I Have A Friend

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So, I have this friend. For some reason I feel sad before I even start to talk about her. She went to a Christian school growing up and made sure everyone knew it was her grandparents that sent her here, not her parents. She mentioned that she grew up with the Christian religion bashed into her by her grandparents and I’m pretty sure at this point she looked sick of it. Her Mom wasn’t as religious, so at least she got away from it occasionally. This girl just didn’t fit in with anyone at her little Christian Academy. This friend and I always thought Christians could sense someone who didn’t belong.

You could tell she didn’t know who she was by the way she flip-flopped between the shy, quiet kids and the loud popular kids. I don’t think she ever stuck with one group. It was a small school with even smaller classes, so it was hard not to notice everything about everyone. The teachers didn’t seem to care about her one way or another and the other kids were always a little bit more interested in someone else. She always seemed to be the second or third choice.

My friend did at one point find another friend named Audrey who she absolutely clicked with and we all became best friends, girl power and all that blah blah blah. Audrey brought out our crazy sides, gave us a reason to get up every day and was just someone to share things with. Neither of us had ever had a friend like her. We were jealous of Audrey a little bit but not enough to hate her, just enough to admire her. Our new best friend Audrey played the guitar, had a great family that loved their kids and all their kids’ friends as well. We were accepted in her house.

Audrey was a year older than us and went to high school first. We stayed best friends, but Audrey was finding new friends of her own. We got jealous but knew we were still her best friend. We were still in youth group together and making a lot of new friends. All was going well until we had to go to a different high school than Audrey. We drifted apart. All of us did after that.

I saw my friend go from this radiant, funny girl who had a sense of belonging back to her old self. I feel like she looked like she did when I first started to recognize her in middle school. Just a shell with nowhere to turn and not a clue where to start. So, this friend of mine seemed to be worse than when she started, in an even bigger pool of people but not knowing any of them.

All these new people my friend met were very different and clearly light years ahead of her. It was sadly clear that what my friend did to fit in was a drastic move on her part. We fell even further apart. It tore me apart to watch her start doing whatever everyone else did and say just to lose all hope of having her own personality. I saw this personality form in her when we were with Audrey but now its like the personality she developed drained away completely. She became a master of adapting to all the new situations that got thrown her way.

I barely knew her now. It was sad to see her everyday and not be able to do anything about it. Sometimes I would shout at her to get her attention but usually she’d brush me off and shove me away. I saw her throw her whole self into anyone who showed her some sort of attention or what she thought was love. This made it even harder when those people would continuously let her down, but she would move on and do it again.

It was like she was a detective interrogating all these different people for the answers, but they just weren’t giving her any. She was searching and searching with no results. I don’t think she knew she was looking for something, but I could clearly see it and looking back its clear that she was desperate. Neither of us really knew what she wanted or needed but I just wanted her to let me help. I could only be so persistent when she just continued to push me away.

I could go on and on about how this friend of mine continued to search for answers throughout high school, but it would be a never-ending story and to tell the truth it very well could still be happening today. I saw something happen to her though.

I was watching when it happened. She was with a boy she had met not long ago, and it was obvious she was infatuated with him; would do anything he said no matter what. He told her about something he had been doing behind her back and she looked pissed. But I know her better than anyone and I could tell she wasn’t mad about what he had been doing but that he had been doing it without her. Yet again she threw herself into everything whole-heartedly and if this was a part of this boy she thought she loved then she wanted in.

I can’t believe it happened. Well, I can’t believe that either of these things really went down. Before it all happened and before he gave her that shot in the arm that would take her away from me for a very long time she looked in the mirror. For the first time in years I looked back at her through that same mirror, she really saw me, and I really saw her. That connection happened, and we knew what we were doing. We knew what path we were taking. She seemed to be saying good bye for now but not forever. There was an awareness that she was making the decision to leave me behind. I don’t think she knew before she was leaving me, but now she was actively doing it.

I got to see myself clearly that day and through the rough years I occasionally got to look through the mirror when she let me, and we even had a few screaming matches. In the present I now know I made that choice for a reason and I knew it would be a very long time until I’d see myself again. But It did happen. Although my relationship with my friend is different now than when we were young, at least I get to see her every day.

title: [MF] Short Story on addiction(help!)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the feelings the narrator has toward her friend.

answer: The narrator feels sadness and helplessness toward her friend who has become lost and desperate in her addiction to finding meaning in any means. The narrator acknowledges the grief her friend feels while also being angry at how she's been developing into someone she doesn't recognize anymore.

answer: The narrator has a lot of trouble dealing with her friend's transformation. They can't understand why her friend is behaving the way she is.

text:
- The response did not take into account that the narrator has an idea of what is happening with her friend.

- Also, the response does not account for the narrator's feelings, which was the essence of the question.

- The word "they" is not needed here.

refinement: The narrator has a lot of trouble dealing with her friend's transformation. The narrator is finding it hard to connect with her friend's unrelenting hunger towards finding life meaning at all costs. She is sad that her friend is jumping through hoops just to please people she barely knows. The narrator is frustrated that her friend's new perspective is getting in the way of them becoming close like they used to be.

answer: The narrator is sad at the beginning of the story because her friend doesn't feel part of their group. Her friend is the second or third choice and the narrator feels the teacher doesn't care about her. The friends drift apart after high school and the narrator feels sad to not be able to do anything about it. In the end, the narrator expresses that she wants to help her friend but is pushed away by her.

text:
- The response seems incomplete in that it did not express why the narrator is being "pushed away" by her friend.
- The response does not fully address the range of emotions felt by the narrator.

refinement: The narrator is sad at the beginning of the story because her friend doesn't feel part of their group. Her friend is the second or third choice and the narrator feels the teacher doesn't care about her. The friends drift apart after high school and the narrator feels sad to not be able to do anything about it. Also, the narrator's friend seems to be on an endless journey to find meaning in her life, cutting off close friends in the process.

answer: The narrator is worried about her friend. The narrator feels more aloof from her friend than ever and seems to ping pong between being annoyed with her to being upset at her. The narrator also was jealous of her friend at one point. The narrator felt very sad to see her friend everyday and feel like she barely knew her.

text:
- The word "aloof" does not seem to fit any emotions felt by the narrator towards her friend.
- There was no indication in the passage that the narrator was at anytime jealous of her friend.

refinement: The narrator is worried about her friend. The narrator feels more disconnected from her friend than ever and seems to ping pong between being annoyed with her to being upset at her. The narrator is concerned for her friend's mental health and the way she seems to put her priorities behind everyone else's. The narrator felt very sad to see her friend every day and feel like she barely knew her.

answer: The narrator feels sadness and worry in regards to her friend. She is sad to see her friend changing while also understanding why she is changing. The narrator also feels some resentment. She wishes she could do more to help her friend and that her friend would open up to her.

text:
- While the narrator was sad to see what her friend was going through, there is an assumption in the passage that her friend has always been that way.

- I do not see any sign of resentment on the part of the narrator.

refinement: The narrator is sad and worried about her friend. She is sad to see her friend changing herself to please others all in the hope of acceptance. She wishes she could do more to help her friend and that her friend would open up to her. The narrator is worried about her friend's new boyfriend and her exposure to drugs which is seemingly taking her far away from those who care for her.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe how the narrator's friend felt about her boyfriend.

answer: The narrator's friend was infatuated with her boyfriend - she only cared that he had been doing something behind her back without her. This reflected how desperate and lost she had become as she continually sought meaning in everything, including this boyfriend. It seems like she was so desperate for anything that would provide some meaning in her life that she would latch onto anything, even a boyfriend who was reckless and dangerous.

answer: For a while, the narrator's friend appeared to love her boyfriend and let him be in charge of everything they did. When she found something that amazed her, however, she became upbeat.

text:
- There is no evidence that the narrator's friend stopped loving her boyfriend at some point.

- There is no hint in the passage of the narrator's friend becoming upbeat on the account of her boyfriend's actions.

refinement: The narrator's friend is deeply infatuated with her boyfriend and would do almost anything to please him. There was a time the boyfriend did something unpleasant and instead of the narrator's friend being angry about the action itself, she was upset that he did whatever he did without her. She has lost her sense of self and is so much wrapped up in the identity of the boyfriend.

answer: The narrator's friend becomes infatuated with a boy she has just met. She disregards any problems with him and chooses to see only what she wants to see. She falls hard and fast for him, even when he does something behind her back and she's upset. Her single-minded focus on her boyfriend seems desperate-- she is searching frantically for something and only willing to accept it when it comes with an attachment. Her boyfriend becomes the only thing she can rely on even though he is not giving her any answers.

text: - There is no evidence in the passage that shows that the narrator's friend only clings or relies on her boyfriend.

refinement: The narrator's friend becomes infatuated with a boy she has just met. She disregards any problems with him and chooses to see only what she wants to see. She falls hard and fast for him, even when he does something behind her back and she's upset. Her single-minded focus on her boyfriend seems desperate-- she is searching frantically for something and only willing to accept it when it comes with an attachment.

answer: The narrator's friend was obsessed with her boyfriend. She would do anything for him and wanted to do everything with him. The narrator's friend knew that this boy would take her away, because he was the one who gave her her first shot of drugs.

text: The later part of the response is not needed.

refinement: The narrator's friend was obsessed with her boyfriend. She would do anything for him and wanted to do everything with him.

answer: She did not have many friends because she would throw herself into being with her boyfriend, believing that he would take care of her. When he acted unreasonably, she would disregard him. The boy did not care for her blindly and refused to help her. He did not put in much effort to ensure that they could be together.

text:
- There is no indication in the passage that the narrator's friend has few friends because of her boyfriend.

- The narrator's friend never disregarded her boyfriend for any reason.

- There are no examples or references in the passage of the boyfriend refusing to help out the narrator's friend.

refinement: The narrator's friend threw herself into being with her boyfriend, believing that he would take care of her. When he acted unreasonably, she would rather be mad at being excluded from the unreasonable act instead of being angry with the boyfriend or the act. The boy did not care for her and did not put in much effort to ensure that they could be together.


text:
WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs.[2]

[1] ABBOT, John, of Melcombe Regis, Dorset., History of Parliament Online

[2]

title: William Abbot (politician)

question: Who is William Abbot?

answer: William Abbot is an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: He was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: He is an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: William Abbot was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437. He was the son of John Abbot, another MP, and had two brothers who also served as MPs.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

question: When did Abbot served as a Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis?

answer: 1437

text: served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437

answer: Abbot served as a Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.

text: served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437

answer: He served in 1437.

text: served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437

answer: Abbot served as a Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.

text: served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437

question: Who were William's brothers?

answer: According to the passage, William Abbot had two brothers, John and Robert, who were also MPs.

text: two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs.

answer: His brothers were John and Robert Abbot.

text: two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs.

answer: John and Robert

text: two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs.

answer: John and Robert

text: two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs.

question: What similarity does William Abbot share with his father and two of his brother?

answer: They were all MPs.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: Abbot, his father, and two of his brothers were all Members of Parliament.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: All three of them were MPs.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: All three of William Abbot's family members were MPs.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: William Abbot was an English MP in 1437, and was the son of another MP.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: William Abbot was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: William Abbot was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.

text: WILLIAM ABBOT (fl. 1437) was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.[1] He was a son of John Abbot, another MP, and two of his brothers, John and Robert, were also MPs

answer: This article describes the political career of William Abbot, an English politician in 1437.

text: Not a summary, but a description of the article.

refinement: William Abbot was an English politician who served as Member of Parliament for Melcombe Regis in 1437.


text:
The case docket is officially set: _Better Call Saul_ will return for Season 4 on Monday, Aug. 6 at 9/8c, AMC announced on Thursday.

RELATED _Better Call Saul_ Finale: EP on Chuck’s Fate, Jimmy’s Change of Heart, Adding Gus Fring and the Show’s Future

The announcement also confirms — NETWORK-SANCTIONED SPOILERS FOLLOW! — that what we feared, coming out of last season: Jimmy’s brother Chuck (Michael McKean) died in that tragic house fire that ended the finale.

AMC renewed the acclaimed _Breaking Bad_ prequel for a 10-episode fourth season last June. Bob Odenkirk stars as lawyer Jimmy McGill, who will go on to become Walter White’s underworld attorney Saul Goodman. Rhea Seehorn co-stars as Jimmy’s girlfriend/business partner Kim Wexler, Jonathan Banks reprises his _Breaking Bad_ role as laconic fixer Mike Ehrmantraut, and Giancarlo Esposito joined the cast last season as _Breaking Bad_ villain Gus Fring.

“In _Better Call Saul_‘s fourth season,” the official release teases, “Chuck’s death catalyzes Jimmy McGill’s transformation into Saul Goodman. In the wake of his loss, Jimmy takes steps into the criminal world that will put his future as a lawyer — and his relationship with Kim — in jeopardy. Chuck’s death deeply affects former colleagues Howard (Patrick Fabian) and Kim as well, putting the two of them once again on opposite sides of a battle sparked by the Brothers McGill.”

As for Mike, he “takes a more active role as Madrigal Electromotive’s newest (and most thorough) security consultant. It’s a volatile time to be in Gus Fring’s employ, as Hector’s collapse sends shock waves throughout the Albuquerque underworld and throws the cartel into chaos — tearing apart both Gus and Nacho’s well-laid plans. While Gus changes course, Nacho finds himself in the crosshairs of deadly forces.”

question: What is Better Call Saul?

answer:
A: A television series on AMC that follows New Mexico lawyer, Jimmy McGill
B: A live stream of the upcoming episode of Breaking Bad
C: Saul's favorite activity in Season 4
D: All of the above

text: The answer is actually a series of options to choose from, which was not the purpose of the task.

refinement: A television series on AMC that follows New Mexico lawyer, Jimmy McGill.

text: It should be mentioned that the series is a Breaking Bad prequel.

refinement: A television series on AMC that follows New Mexico lawyer, Jimmy McGill. It is a prequel to the acclaimed Breaking Bad.

text: 'AMC renewed the acclaimed Breaking Bad prequel'.

answer: A television series aired on AMC that has just been renewed for a fourth season. The series seems to be about a lawyer named Jimmy McGill who takes on a second identity or persona know as Saul Goodman, who is the go-to attorney of the criminal underworld. It also seems to have a narrative tie-in with another show, Breaking Bad.

text: The last sentence could be clearer, since it is stated in the text that Better Call Saul is a prequel to Breaking Bad.

refinement: A television series aired on AMC that has just been renewed for a fourth season. The series seems to be about a lawyer named Jimmy McGill who takes on a second identity or persona know as Saul Goodman, who is the go-to attorney of the criminal underworld. It is also a prequel to the acclaimed series Breaking Bad.

text:
'Better Call Saul will return for Season 4'
'Chuck's death catalyzes Jimmy McGill's transformation into Saul Goodman'

text: No answer at all.

refinement: Better Call Saul is a television series, a prequel to the acclaimed Breaking Bad.

question: What will the 4th season show?

answer: That it is a documentary about Jimmy's tale, going from a shyster lawyer to a reckless criminal mastermind with a lifestyle to match.

text: The word 'documentary' could be a bit misleading.

refinement: A continuation of Jimmy's tale, going from a shyster lawyer to a reckless criminal mastermind with a lifestyle to match.

text:
'Chuck's death catalyzes Jimmy McGill's transformation into Saul Goodman'
'Jimmy takes steps into the criminal world'

answer: After the death of a character named Chuck, the Jimmy character will be further embracing their role as Saul.

text: 'Chuck's death catalyzes Jimmy McGill's transformation into Saul Goodman.'

answer: It will show Jimmy's transformation into Saul Goodman after the death of his brother. It will also show the two former colleagues Howard (Patrick Fabian) and Kim once again on opposite sides of a battle sparked by the Brothers McGill.

text:
'Chuck's death catalyzes Jimmy McGill's transformation into Saul Goodman.'
'Chuck's death deeply affects former colleagues Howard and Kim, putting the two of them again on opposite sides of a battle sparked by the Brothers McGill.'

question: What is a Network-Sanctioned Spoiler?

answer: According to the announcement, a network-sanctioned spoiler is related to what was revealed last season on _Better Call Saul_: Jimmy's brother Chuck died in a tragic house fire.

text: The answer seems to only relate to the show in question, while the question seems more general.

text: 'The announcement also confirms - network-sanctioned spoilers follow - that what we feared, coming out of last season: Jimmy's brother Chuck died in that tragic house fire that ended the finale.'

answer: Information about the what a show will be featuring that is selected to interest audiences into watching instead of making them feel like they already know more than enough to view it.

text: Could be better worded for clarity.

refinement: Information about what is going to happen on the show provided by the network. Its aim is to interest audiences into watching without making them feel they already know more than enough to watch the show.

answer: According to the announcement, one of the spoilers revealed is that the main character's brother died in a house fire. This is considered to be a 'Network-Sanctioned Spoiler' because AMC has made it clear that this is a spoiler that has been approved to be revealed to the public.

text: 'The announcement also confirms — NETWORK-SANCTIONED SPOILERS FOLLOW! — that what we feared, coming out of last season: Jimmy’s brother Chuck (Michael McKean) died in that tragic house fire that ended the finale.'

question: Is Better Call Saul a successful TV show?

answer: Based on the official announcement about the upcoming fourth season on AMC, it would appear that the show is a hit, since the network has ordered a 10-episode season.

answer: Based on AMC's renewal of the show and its excitement over the upcoming fourth season, it's safe to say the series is very successful.

answer: While there is no information on viewer percentages, production costs, and other details pertaining to how the series is doing financially or critically, the fact that it has been approved for a fourth season means that the producers find it successful enough to continue making for all that time.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: This season, in the wake of Chuck's death, Jimmy McGill seeks to change his life and becomes Saul Goodman. As he does so, everything from his legal practice and relationship to his acumen are put in jeopardy. Chuck’s death also upends his relationship with Kim Wexler as each person takes a different perspective on the affair. In the meantime, Gus Fring’s endgame disintegrates as the cartel goes into chaos and Nacho Varga clashes with greater forces.

text: Chuck's death affects Kim and Howard, which I believe the third sentence is about.

refinement: This season, in the wake of Chuck's death, Jimmy McGill seeks to change his life and becomes Saul Goodman. As he does so, everything from his legal practice and relationship to his acumen are put in jeopardy. Chuck’s death also upends Howard and Kim's relationship as each person takes a different perspective on the affair. In the meantime, Gus Fring’s endgame disintegrates as the cartel goes into chaos and Nacho Varga clashes with greater forces.

answer: One of Jimmy's brothers dies and his life is completely changed. He switches from being an honest lawyer to turning to the criminal life.

text: The summary should make it clear that the text is about a show being renewed.

refinement: In the new fourth season of Better Call Saul, one of Jimmy's brothers dies and his life is completely changed. He switches from being an honest lawyer to turning to the criminal life.

text: It is not stated in the text how many brothers Jimmy has.

refinement: In the new fourth season of Better Call Saul, Jimmy's brother Chuck dies and his life is completely changed. He switches from being an honest lawyer to turning to the criminal life.

text: Jimmy's life is changed, not Chuck's.

refinement: In the new fourth season of Better Call Saul, Jimmy's brother Chuck dies and Jimmy's life is completely changed. He switches from being an honest lawyer to turning to the criminal life.

answer: Jimmy will start influencing the criminal world due to his brother Chuck's death. This will put his ties with his friend Kim and law career at stake. He also changes his architectural plans for the Madrigal factory after Hector Salamanca is indicted for embezzlement.

text: It should be clear that the text is about a show being renewed.

refinement: In the new fourth season of Better Call Saul, Jimmy will start influencing the criminal world due to his brother Chuck's death. This will put his ties with his friend Kim and law career at stake. He also changes his architectural plans for the Madrigal factory after Hector Salamanca is indicted for embezzlement.

text: There is no direct relation between Jimmy and the Madrigal factory in the text. The factory seems related to the character called Mike. It is not mentioned what Hector's collapse included either.

refinement: In the new fourth season of Better Call Saul, Jimmy will start influencing the criminal world due to his brother Chuck's death. This will put his ties with his friend Kim and law career at stake.

answer: The network-sanctioned spoiler, reported in the release on Thurs. 9/6, reveals that Saul's brother Chuck (Mike McKean) has died. Jimmy (Bob Odenkirk) recovers from the shock of his death to find himself in the criminal world and also to come face-to-face with former colleagues Howard (Patrick Fabian) and Kim (Rhea Seehorn).

text: The date of the report is not mentioned in the original text.

refinement: The network-sanctioned spoiler reveals that Saul's brother Chuck (Mike McKean) has died. Jimmy (Bob Odenkirk) recovers from the shock of his death to find himself in the criminal world and also to come face-to-face with former colleagues Howard (Patrick Fabian) and Kim (Rhea Seehorn).

text: It should be clear which show the text is about.

refinement: The network-sanctioned spoiler for the fourth season of Better Call Saul reveals that Saul's brother Chuck (Mike McKean) has died. Jimmy (Bob Odenkirk) recovers from the shock of his death to find himself in the criminal world and also to come face-to-face with former colleagues Howard (Patrick Fabian) and Kim (Rhea Seehorn).

text: It should be clear that Saul is Jimmy.

refinement: The network-sanctioned spoiler for the fourth season of Better Call Saul reveals that Jimmy's (Saul's) brother Chuck (Mike McKean) has died. Jimmy (Bob Odenkirk) recovers from the shock of his death to find himself in the criminal world and also to come face-to-face with former colleagues Howard (Patrick Fabian) and Kim (Rhea Seehorn).

answer: AMC TV series Better Call Saul has been approved for a fourth season. After Chuck's death, Jimmy becomes further involved in his Saul persona -putting a strain on his existing relationships as Jimmy. Meanwhile, Gus takes on a more active role in the series. The show airs on Mondays, 9/8c on AMC.

answer: Better Call Saul will return for a 4th season on August 6th at 9/8c. It's been confirmed that following the show's cliffhanger finale, a significant character will die. As of now, it's unclear whether it will be Jimmy or Chuck.

text: It is officially stated that Chuck, Jimmy's brother, died.

refinement: Better Call Saul will return for a 4th season on August 6th at 9/8c. It's been confirmed that Jimmy's brother Chuck died in the last season's finale.


text:
I sensed a change in the barometric pressure before it hit. The merciless July heat tapered off as a welcome breeze lightly caressed my cheek. If a person stood in the shade for too long, they might have mistaken it for a perfect spring day. The birds were singing. It felt fantastic to be alive but it was a saccharine moment. An ugly storm was on the horizon.

Prior to that, I’d been sipping cool lemonade on the front porch in my Adirondack chair. I heard a distant thunderclap which threatened to quash the temperate afternoon fantasy. The approaching storm drifted closer and I wondered if it was cause for alarm. Living in ‘tornado alley’, it’s always in the back of my mind. The clouds turned dark purple and then an ugly shade of gray. Only in hindsight did I learn what terror it carried within.

Not wanting to get soaked, I went inside to avoid the upcoming cloud burst. No sooner than I had closed the door, heavy droplets started pinging the rooftop. The melodic tempo was soothing at first but as the intensity increased, its gentle rhythm was lost. Not only did the rain intensify, but the atmospheric theatrics took my breath away. Angry bolts of lightning menaced the sky. I was glad to be inside.

Then the hail came. First it was mixed with rain. It would’ve been easy to mistake it for just larger raindrops. Soon however, the ice pellets were the size of golf balls. They savagely pounded the roof. Then I heard my car windshield shatter from the merciless barrage. Even my house windows were not immune. They were under attack as the wind flung the frozen projectiles sideways at them.

A look out of my picture window brought a far worse sight. In the distance was the unmistakable shape of a deadly funnel. It slowly descended to the ground and started destroying everything in its wake. I judged it to be less than two miles away and closing fast. At that distance, I couldn’t outrun it and risked fleeing directly into it’s path, if it changed direction. I had to take cover at home and hope for the best.

The storm grew so ferocious I feared my house would collapse before the tornado even arrived. The walls shook and shuddered. The rising wail of a ‘train whistle’ filled the air. I opened up the windows since they would blow out if the inside wasn’t depressurized. I prepared for the inevitable. Death was on a collision course and nothing could stop it from happening. It slithered toward me as if to wipe away my entire existence. I strongly suspected it might do just that. A thousand bittersweet memories flooded my mind. The roar of the whirling wind drowned out my screams until the maelstrom arrived at my doorstep.

In the eye of the tornado I had a moment of clarity amid the chaos. I watched as debris flew by in a blur. I fully expected to see my roof fly off and the walls shred away. Instead, a pale column of smoke began to seep in through the open window. My fear was already at the limits of human endurance. I was too distracted about the immanent devastation to worry about a strange fog swirling around my home. That is, until it began to separate into distinctively humanoid shapes!

Before my disbelieving eyes, three faceless forms hovered and drifted around the room. The unexplained ‘wraiths’ almost seemed to be assessing the situation. Were they supernatural agents of death? Was the tornado a vehicle for them; or was the storm itself their physical manifestation? Whether they were angels or demons from Hell, I didn’t know. Obviously I tried to avoid drawing any attention to myself. I couldn’t imagine things getting worse than having to deal with a mindless twister but having three spirits officiate it upped the ante.

Regardless of my stealth, they knew I was there; cowering in the corner for a completely new reason. There was a brief hesitation among them as they descended upon me. I could hear shingles being torn from the roof but my sole focus was those three uninvited guests, hovering less than ten feet away. It was positively terrifying. I’ve never been a religious man but it was impossible to deny the supernatural event unfolding in my living room. The irony is that I didn’t expect to survive long enough to share my experience.

My three visitors were stationary for the moment. I felt their somber attention upon me but with no eyes, there was nowhere to focus my view. Their faceless gaze and ashen features chilled me to the bone. I sensed that I was being judged. To what degree or for what reasons, I had no idea. I did my best to project an air of innocence, good will and benevolence. How I came to be faced with not one, but two deadly trials in a single day, I couldn’t imagine.

In perhaps the most expressive form of non-verbal communication I had ever seen, the ethereal ‘judge’ to my left slowly turned a downy shade of virgin white. The full meaning of this gesture escaped me until the middle ‘judge’ also changed its translucent hue. To my great dismay, to that of a blackened lump of coal. Of the three overseers present, it appeared I had one vote for, and one vote against me in this macabre tornado court.

It seemed like an eternity until the final judgment was rendered. Slowly, the third otherworldly spirit took on the same light coloration as the first. The symbolic message I took from the proceeding was that I had been exonerated by a narrow majority vote. The three ‘judges’ drifted back into one unified pillar of smoke and left just as ‘it’ had come.

Outside, the tornado dissipated back to nothingness. The sky above cleared back to normal in a matter of minutes. With the exception of an obvious trail of destruction leading straight to my home, I could hardly believe it even happened. It was like a bad dream. I’m eternally thankful that the three storm judges were favorable to me.

title: [FN] ‘Judgement by three’

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

According to the passage, where did the three alien beings come from?

answer: From the funnel to the living room.

text: The response misses to mention that the beings came from within a tornado.

refinement: From the funnel of a tornado to the living room.

answer: From within a tornado.

answer: They came from the tornado.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why was the narrator not surprised at the arrival and magnitude of the storm?

answer: Because the narrator lives in 'tornado alley' and is familiar with how tornados happen.

answer: Because he lives in 'tornado alley'

answer: Because he lives in "tornado alley."


text:
Amazon’s upcoming “Lord of the Rings” series has found one of its leads.

Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles, _Variety_ has learned exclusively from sources. The exact nature of Poulter’s character is being kept under wraps. _Variety_ reported in July that Australian actress Markella Kavenagh was in talks for a role in the series as well.

Amazon declined to comment. Reps for Poulter did not immediately respond to _Variety_‘s request for comment.

For Poulter, the role is a huge win as it was one of the more coveted jobs in town for young actors. He has already had a strong year, with lead roles in Netflix’s acclaimed interactive “Black Mirror” movie “Bandersnatch” and the Ari Aster horror pic “Midsommar. Prior to that, Poulter was known for lead roles in “The Maze Runner” franchise, “The Revenant,” and “Detroit.”

He is repped by WME in the U.S. and Hamilton Hodell in the U.K.

The “Lord of the Rings” series is being developed by the writing team of JD Payne and Patrick McKay. In addition, “Game of Thrones” alum Bryan Cogman has signed on as a consulting producer on the project with J.A. Bayona set to direct multiple episodes.

In addition to those previously mentioned, the show’s full creative team will consist of: executive producers Lindsey Weber, Bruce Richmond, Gene Kelly, and Amazon’s former head of genre programming Sharon Tal Yguado; writer and executive producer Gennifer Hutchison; writer and executive producer Jason Cahill; writer and executive producer Justin Doble; consulting producer Stephany Folsom; producer Ron Ames; writer and co-producer Helen Shang; and writing consultant Glenise Mullins. Bayona will also executive produce along with his partner Belén Atienza.

Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Fellowship of the Ring.” The show’s official Twitter account sent out an image of a map along with the two messages: “One Ring to rule them all, One Ring to find them, One Ring to bring them all, and in the darkness bind them, In the Land of Mordor where the Shadows lie,” as well as “Welcome to the Second Age.” In the Tolkien mythology, the Second Age was the time in which the Rings of Power, including Sauron’s One Ring, came into existence.

_Variety_ exclusively reported in November 2017 that a “Lord of the Rings” series was in the works at Amazon, with the streamer announcing a multi-season production commitment shortly thereafter. The series will be produced by Amazon Studios in cooperation with the Tolkien Estate and Trust, HarperCollins, and New Line Cinema, a division of Warner Bros. Entertainment.

ORLANDO BLOOM TALKS “LORD OF THE RINGS” SERIES:

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What role does Will Poulter play in the Lord of the Rings series?

answer: Poulter is one of the show's lead roles.

text: Phrasing is awkward.

refinement: Poulter has been cast in one of the show's lead roles.

text: "Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles" is evidence that Poulter will be playing a lead role in the show.

answer: The exact nature of Poulter's character is being kept secret. Will Poulter is known for his lead roles in The Maze Runner franchise, the Revenant, and Detroit.

text: While the exact nature of the role is kept secret, it is mentioned that he will be playing one of the lead roles.

refinement: The exact nature of Poulter's character is being kept secret, although it will be one of the show's lead roles. Will Poulter is known for his lead roles in The Maze Runner franchise, the Revenant, and Detroit.

text: The second sentence is irrelevant.

refinement: The exact nature of Poulter's character is being kept secret, although it will be one of the show's lead roles.

answer: Poulter and the other producers of the show are staying quiet about the specific details of Poulter's character.

text: While it is true that the specifics of the role are being kept under wraps, it is mentioned that it will be a lead role.

refinement: Poulter and the other producers of the show are staying quiet about the specific details of Poulter's character, although it will be a lead role.

answer: It's not specified in the article apart from calling it one of the lead roles.

answer: Poulter will play one of the lead roles in the series. Details about his character are being kept under wraps.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What will the Lord of the Rings series be about?

answer: It is likely to explore new storylines that many not be mentioned in the Legality of the Rings, but it is not specifically stated.

text: The "Legality of the Rings" seems to be a fabrication.

refinement: It is likely to explore new storylines that many not be mentioned in the Lord of the Rings, but it is not specifically stated.

text: Spelling (many instead of may)

refinement: It is likely to explore new storylines that may not be mentioned in the Lord of the Rings, but it is not specifically stated.

text: It is mentioned that the storylines will precede The Fellowship of the Ring.

refinement: It is likely to explore new storylines that precede The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer: The series will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Fellowship of the Ring."

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s 'The Fellowship of the Ring.'" is evidence that the storylines will precede The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer: It will explore stories before The Fellowship of the Ring in the Second Age of Tolkien's world.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s 'The Fellowship of the Ring.'" is evidence that the storylines will precede The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer: That information can't be found in the article.

text: This is incorrect.

refinement: The storylines will precede The Fellowship of the Ring and focus on the Second Age of Tolkien's world.

answer: The series will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Fellowship of the Ring". Details beyond this are unknown.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s 'The Fellowship of the Ring.'" is evidence that the storylines will precede The Fellowship of the Ring.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the Second Age?

answer: The Second Age is the time that the Rings of Power, including Sauron's One Ring, came into existence.

text: "In the Tolkien mythology, the Second Age was the time in which the Rings of Power, including Sauron’s One Ring, came into existence" is evidence that the Second Age is when the rings of power were made.

answer: Unclear, but it's the period in which the rings of power are believed to have come into existence.

text: "In the Tolkien mythology, the Second Age was the time in which the Rings of Power, including Sauron’s One Ring, came into existence" is evidence that the Second Age is when the rings of power were made.

answer: The Second Age is the time period in the Tolkien mythology during which the Rings of Power, including Sauron's One Ring, came into existence.

text: "In the Tolkien mythology, the Second Age was the time in which the Rings of Power, including Sauron’s One Ring, came into existence" is evidence that the Second Age is when the rings of power were made.

answer: In Tolkien's mythology, Second Age is the time period where the Rings of Power come into existence.

text: "In the Tolkien mythology, the Second Age was the time in which the Rings of Power, including Sauron’s One Ring, came into existence" is evidence that the Second Age is when the rings of power were made.

answer: It occurs at the time when the Rings of Power, including Sauron's One Ring came into existence.

text: "In the Tolkien mythology, the Second Age was the time in which the Rings of Power, including Sauron’s One Ring, came into existence" is evidence that the Second Age is when the rings of power were made.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is the producer of the Lord of the Rings series?

answer: It's not 100% clear who produced the series but Amazon Studios seem to have played a big part in its production.

text: It is explicitly stated that "the series will be produced by Amazon Studios".

answer: New Line Cinema

text: While New Line Cinema is involved in the production, they are not the main producers.

refinement: The series will be produced by Amazon Studios, in cooperation with other studies including New Line Cinema

answer: Amazon Studios in cooperation with the Tolkien Estate and Trust, HarperCollins, and New Line Cinema.

answer: There's not a lot of information. In November 2017, Variety reported that a Lord of the Rings series was in the works, and that the series would be produced by Amazon Studios.

text: It is explicitly stated that "The series will be produced by Amazon Studios in cooperation with the Tolkien Estate and Trust, HarperCollins, and New Line Cinema".

refinement: The series will be produced by Amazon Studios.

answer: The producer of the Lord of the Rings series is Amazon Studios.

text: "The series will be produced by Amazon Studios in cooperation with the Tolkien Estate and Trust, HarperCollins, and New Line Cinema" is evidence that Amazon Studios will be producing the series.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: Will Poulter has been cast in one of the lead roles for Amazon's upcoming "Lord of the Rings" series. Little is known about the plot, but it is set to explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Fellowship of the Ring."

text: "Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles" is evidence that Will Poulter has landed a lead role in the series.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Fellowship of the Ring.”" is evidence that the show's storyline will predate The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer: In Amazon's upcoming Lord of the Rings series, Will Poulter will play one of the leading roles. The young actor managed to snatch one of the most coveted positions for young actors. The specifics of the role aren't disclosed.  The series is being developed by the writing team of JD Payne and Patrick McKay. The only information about its plot is that it will take place in the Second Age of Tolkien mythology and explore stories before The Fellowship of the Ring.

text: The mention that the role is coveted is not necessary to summarize.

refinement: In Amazon's upcoming Lord of the Rings series, Will Poulter will play one of the leading roles. The specifics of the role aren't disclosed.  The series is being developed by the writing team of JD Payne and Patrick McKay. The only information about its plot is that it will take place in the Second Age of Tolkien mythology and explore stories before The Fellowship of the Ring.

text: "Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles" is evidence that Will Poulter has landed a lead role in the series.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Fellowship of the Ring.”" is evidence that the show's storyline will predate The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer: Will Poulter has been cast in one of the lead roles of an upcoming Lord of the Rings TV series produced by Amazon. The series is likely to be an origin story of J. R. R Tolkien's classic novels. The only information available about the plot is that it will explore a new story of Middle Earth preceding "The Fellowship of the Ring". In the lore of Tolkien's mythology, the Second Age ushered in the creation of the Rings of Power, including Sauron's One Ring.

text: The origin story line is an unnecessary detail.

refinement: Will Poulter has been cast in one of the lead roles of an upcoming Lord of the Rings TV series produced by Amazon. The only information available about the plot is that it will explore a new story of Middle Earth preceding "The Fellowship of the Ring". In the lore of Tolkien's mythology, the Second Age ushered in the creation of the Rings of Power, including Sauron's One Ring.

text: "Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles" is evidence that Will Poulter has landed a lead role in the series.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Fellowship of the Ring.”" is evidence that the show's storyline will predate The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer:
Will Poulter was cast as one of the leads for the production of Amazon's Lord of the Rings series. Will has also been in Netflix's interactive Black Mirror movie and the Ari Aster horror pic.

The series is being developed by the writing team of J.D. Payne and Patrick McKay, and it is also set to be directed by J. A. Bayona. Little is known about the plot of the series other than it will explore new storylines preceding J. R. R. Tolkien's The Fellowship of the Ring.

text: Poulter's previous roles do not need to be mentioned (especially considering the phrasing of the line in this summary is vague).

refinement: Will Poulter was cast as one of the leads for the production of Amazon's Lord of the Rings series. The series is being developed by the writing team of J.D. Payne and Patrick McKay, and it is also set to be directed by J. A. Bayona. Little is known about the plot of the series other than it will explore new storylines preceding J. R. R. Tolkien's The Fellowship of the Ring.

text: "Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles" is evidence that Will Poulter has landed a lead role in the series.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Fellowship of the Ring.”" is evidence that the show's storyline will predate The Fellowship of the Ring.

answer: Will Poulter has been cast in one of the lead roles of Amazon's upcoming "Lord of the Rings" series, though details of his character have not been revealed. The series is being co-produced by Amazon, the Tolkien Estate and Trust, HarperCollins, and New Line Cinema and aims to explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Fellowship of the Ring".

text: "Will Poulter has been cast in one of the show’s lead roles" is evidence that Will Poulter has landed a lead role in the series.

text: "Little is known about the plot of the “Lord of the Rings” series beyond the fact it will explore new storylines preceding J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Fellowship of the Ring.”" is evidence that the show's storyline will predate The Fellowship of the Ring.


text:
His ears rang with such force he thought certainly his head must have split open. His vision was blurred and the light seared his eyes. Questions began running through his mind. How had he gotten here? Why was he on the ground? What was that horrible smell? Why couldn't he get up?

Something tugged at his consciousness. Like an alarm going off when all you want to do is sleep. Incessant. Constant. Panicked.

Panicked?

Though it was only a few inches, lifting his head was the hardest thing he had ever done. before him lay wreckage. Complete annihilation. Stone buildings were crumbled and collapsed.

A small child, maybe not quite into his teens, lay beneath what looked to be the now shattered roof of a building. A dark pool spread slowly beneath his torso. His sharp blue eyes, which, even full of panic, were the most vibrant eyes the man had ever seen. They would haunt him.

The child had been screaming for who-knows-how-long. Once he realized the man saw him he began speaking french in a cotton-soft, but thready voice.
The man didn't understand a word.

He tried to talk but couldn't. Fine leather boots filled the man's vision. The owner of those boots bellowed something, the ringing in his ears and a wave of nausea made the man miss most of what was being said. The owner of those boots bellowed again and spoke in a soothing tone low enough the man couldn't understand him, but felt calmed by his words nonetheless. The man tried to look up but couldn't manage to move enough to see higher than the boots. The pain and nausea was too severe.

All the while the child spoke. Pleaded? Begged?

More boots, not as nice. Enough movement that the man's head felt like it split right open and he vomited all over those fine leather boots.

He lay on some sort of makeshift cot now. They were raising him from the ground, the quick motion threatening to stain those fine leather boots even more.
Through it all, through the pain, the nausea, the ringing, the man heard the child.
""Ne me quitte pas." His voice was soft, like fresh cotton. If he could sing he would melt the hearts of everyone in the room.

The boy's pleading grew to screams. No hearts melted here. Though, one broke.

"Ne me quitte pas!" His soft voice grew even more panicked. He must realize they were leaving.

"Ne me quitte pas!!" The man tried to say something, tried to motion to the booted men. All he could do was look the child in his piercing blue eyes.

"Ne me quitte pas!!!" Sobs and pain and the growing distance between them made the last almost unhearable. Almost.

The boy's screams echoed through the destroyed alley. They echoed through the small town. And they echoed in the man's dreams for the rest of his days.

"Ne me quitte pas."

title: [RF] "Ne me quitte pas."

question: Where does the narrator wake up?

answer: The narrator wakes up in a destroyed alley.

answer: The narrator wakes up in a destroyed town.

answer: The narrator wakes up in a destroyed alley after an explosion.

text: There is no evidence that there was an explosion but it may be implied.

refinement: The narrator wakes up in a destroyed alley, presumably after an explosion.

answer: It seems the narrator wakes up in a crumbled building or destroyed alley, presumably after a bombing.

question: Who is the child in the story?

answer: The child is a boy.

answer: The child in the story is a young boy.

answer: The child is a teenage boy who is crushed under part of a collapsed roof. He has been screaming and is bleeding significantly. The boy continually repeats, "Ne me quitte pas" meaning, "don't leave me".

text: It is incorrectly stated that the child was a teenage boy.

refinement: The child is a boy who is crushed under part of a collapsed roof. He has been screaming and is bleeding significantly. The boy continually repeats, "Ne me quitte pas" meaning, "don't leave me".

text: Answer missing.

refinement: The child is a boy who is crushed under a roof of a building.

question: Does the boy get left behind?

answer: Yes

answer: Yes, the boy is left behind and screams for the man not to leave him.

answer: Yes.

answer: Yes, the boy is left behind.

question: Are there other characters in the story?

answer: Yes

answer: Soldiers come to take the narrator away.

text: It is omitted that the other characters in the story are the soldiers.

refinement: Yes, the other characters in the story are the soldiers that come to take the narrator away.

answer: The child, the man, and the men who are taking the man away.

answer: There are other characters in the story, specifically the boy who is pleading with the man not to leave him.

text: It is omitted that there were also men who came to take the narrator away.

refinement: There are other characters in the story, specifically the boy who is pleading with the man not to leave him and the men who came to take the narrator away.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator wakes up in a crumbled building or destroyed alley, presumably after a bombing. There is a teenage boy who is crushed under part of a collapsed roof. He has been screaming and is bleeding significantly. The boy continually repeats, "Ne me quitte pas" meaning, "don't leave me". Soldiers come to get the narrator; they leave the boy.

text: It is incorrectly stated that the boy is a teenager.

refinement: The narrator wakes up in a crumbled building or destroyed alley, presumably after a bombing. There is a small child who is crushed under part of a collapsed roof. He has been screaming and is bleeding significantly. The boy continually repeats, "Ne me quitte pas" meaning, "don't leave me". Soldiers come to get the narrator; they leave the boy.

text: "Sobs and pain and the growing distance between them made the last almost unhearable. Almost." This is evidence that they left the boy where he was.

answer: The man is in a destroyed town, and a young boy is pleading with him not to leave him. The man tries to communicate with the boy, but can't. The boy's screams echo through the town, and the man can't get the boy out of his head.

text: It is omitted that the soldiers come and take the man but leave the boy.

refinement: The man is in a destroyed town, and a young boy is pleading with him not to leave him. The man tries to communicate with the boy, but can't. The soldiers come and take the man away leaving the boy alone. The boy's screams echo through the town, and the man can't get the boy out of his head.

text: "And they echoed in the man's dreams for the rest of his days." This is evidence that the man couldn't get the boy out of his head.

answer: The man wakes up in a destroyed town, with a small child beneath a building. The child is bleeding and pleading with the man not to leave him. The man tries to speak, but he can't. The child's pleas echo in the man's dreams for the rest of his days.

text: It is incorrectly stated that the child is beneath a building.

refinement: The man wakes up in a destroyed town, with a small child beneath the roof of a building. The child is bleeding and pleading with the man not to leave him. The man tries to speak, but he can't. The child's pleas echo in the man's dreams for the rest of his days.

text: It is omitted that the soldiers come and take only the man away.

refinement: The man wakes up in a destroyed town, with a small child beneath the roof of a building. The child is bleeding and pleading with the man not to leave him. The man tries to speak, but he can't. The soldiers come and take the man away leaving the boy. The child's pleas echo in the man's dreams for the rest of his days.

answer: The man is in the midst of a destroyed town, and a young boy is pleading with him not to leave him. The man is unable to respond, and watches as the boy's screams grow fainter as he is taken away. The man will never forget the boy's pleading eyes.


text:
[ West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the _Joker Stairs_] [Tourists visiting the stairs in October 2019, shortly after the release of _Joker_.] The “JOKER STAIRS” are the colloquial name for a step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues at West 167th Street in Highbridge in the Bronx, New York City.[1] Located near the 167th Street station on the New York City Subway's ,[2] the stairs served as one of the filming locations in the 2019 film _Joker_.

In the film, Arthur Fleck, the main character, played by Joaquin Phoenix, is repeatedly shown walking up and down these stairs as part of his daily routine. Later, during the film's climax, he dances down the stairs wearing a bright red-colored suit and clown makeup that will come to represent his character of Joker,[3] as Gary Glitter's “Rock and Roll Part 2” plays in the background.[4] The stairs appear in a promotional poster for the film and have become a tourist destination. Both the stairs and Arthur's dance have become Internet memes.[5][6] Many visitors reenact the scene from the film, sometimes in Joker attire,[7][8] to the point that the stairs have become crowded with sightseers.[9]

_India Today_ notes, “Even though the stairs have been around for years and lead to some of the most famous spots in New York [...] they were never really popular because of their association with crime in the area.”[10] _The New York Times_ notes that originally, the stairs used in the 2007 biographical crime film _American Gangster_, located in a South Bronx neighborhood, were going to be used in the scene, but they had been repaved and beautified too much to be aesthetically acceptable for _Joker_.[11] NBC New York notes that the Joker Stairs have joined “the ranks of well-known movie settings, like that of the steps at the Philadelphia Museum of Art” seen in the 1976 American sports drama _Rocky_.[12]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]  Arwa Mahdawi|last=Mahdawi|first=Arwa|date=2019-10-30|work=The Guardian|access-date=2019-11-29|language=en-GB|issn=0261-3077}}

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

title: Joker Stairs

question: What is being referred to as "Joker Stairs"?

answer: Joker Stairs refers to the step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues at West 167th Street in Highbridge in the Bronx, New York City.

answer: The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the "Joker Stairs".

text: Remove the "also known as"

text: State which streets the stairs connect and their broader location

refinement: The West 167th Street step stairs, a step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues in the Bronx, New York City

answer: The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the "Joker Stairs."

text: Remove the "also known as"

text: State which streets the stairs connect and their broader location

refinement: The West 167th Street step stairs, a step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues in the Bronx, New York City

answer: The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the "Joker Stairs", are located in the Bronx and were used as a filming location in the 2019 film "Joker".

question: In what movie did the stairs serve as one of the filming locations?

answer: The stairs in the above passage served as one of the filming locations in the 2019 film "Joker".

answer: In the film, "Joker", Arthur Fleck, the main character, played by Joaquin Phoenix, is repeatedly shown walking up and down these stairs as part of his daily routine. Later, during the film's climax, he dances down the stairs wearing a bright red-colored suit and clown makeup that will come to represent his character of Joker, as Gary Glitter's "Rock and Roll Part 2" plays in the background.

text: Correct, but everything after "Joker" is unnecessary

answer: Joker

answer: The 2019 film, Joker

question: Which two factors have become Internet memes?

answer: The two factors that have become Internet memes are the stairs and Arthur's dance.

answer:
-The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the "Joker Stairs"
-Arthur Fleck's dance down the stairs in the 2019 film "Joker"

text: Reformat as a single sentence

refinement: The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the "Joker Stairs", and Arthur Fleck's dance down the stairs in the 2019 film "Joker"

text: "The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the 'Joker Stairs'" can be replaced simply with "the stairs"

refinement: The stairs, and Arthur Fleck's dance down the stairs in the 2019 film "Joker"

answer: The stairs and Arthur's dance.

answer: Arthur Fleck's dance and the stairs

question: What event lead to the stairs becoming so famous?

answer: According to the article, the main character in the film Joker was seen repeatedly walking up and the stairs as a part of his daily routine.

answer: The stairs became famous after they were used in the 2019 film _Joker_.

answer: The stairs became famous after they were featured in the 2019 film "Joker".

answer: The stairs were used as a filming location in the 2019 film Joker.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: The article is about the Joker Stairs, a step street in New York City.

text: Could be more specific and say it's in the Bronx

refinement: The article is about the Joker Stairs, a step street in the Bronx, New York City.

text: Note that it's famous for appearing in Joker

refinement: The article is about the Joker Stairs, a step street in the Bronx, New York City, famous for appearing in the 2019 movie Joker.

answer: This article describes the well known "Joker Stairs" which have become a well known film background and attraction after the movie Joker was released in 2019.

text: Note that the stairs are a step street in the Bronx

refinement: This article describes the well known "Joker Stairs," a step street in the Bronx, New York City, which have become a well known film background and attraction after the movie Joker was released in 2019.

answer: The West 167th Street step stairs, also known as the "Joker Stairs", have become a popular tourist destination after appearing in the 2019 film "Joker".

answer: The "Joker Stairs" are the colloquial name for a step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues at West 167th Street in Highbridge in the Bronx, New York City. The stairs are a tourist destination and have become a popular meme.

text: Leave out that they have become a "popular meme"

refinement: The "Joker Stairs" are the colloquial name for a step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues at West 167th Street in Highbridge in the Bronx, New York City. The stairs are a tourist destination

text: Explain that they have become a popular tourist destination because of the movie Joker

refinement: The "Joker Stairs" are the colloquial name for a step street connecting Shakespeare and Anderson Avenues at West 167th Street in Highbridge in the Bronx, New York City. The stairs are a tourist destination due to the 2019 movie Joker.