text:
The DE LUCA BOSSA CLAN is a Neapolitan Camorra clan operating in the eastern suburbs of Naples, and more specifically in the area of Ponticelli and in municipality of Cercola. As of 2020 the organization is said to have a complete monopoly on the illegal activities in its domain areas.

History

The clan was founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa, known as _‘O sicco_, in the 1990s. Antonio is the son of Umberto De Luca Bossa, who was a trusted member of the Nuova Camorra Organizzata and died from natural causes in 2008 after 18 years in jail.[1]

In the late 1980s _‘O sicco_ started his criminal career as a ferocious killer for the once powerful Sarno clan. At the age of 17, he was arrested, accused of involvement in a massacre led by the Sarnos in which six people died, four of them by mistake.[2] In the early 90s, Antonio became a trusted member of the Sarno clan, however, he decided to create his own clan, which ended in a bloody war between the then newly created clan and the Sarnos for the control of the territory. The war has reached its peak, when, in 1998, _‘O sicco_ made the first attack with a car bomb in the Camorra's history, killing Luigi Amitrano, the nephew of the boss Vincenzo Sarno, the real target of the ambush.[3] Eventually, Antonio De Luca Bossa was arrested and sentenced to life in prison.[4]

In the 2000s, thanks to the relationship between Teresa De Luca Bossa, mother of Antonio, with Giuseppe Marfella, boss of the Marfella clan, based in Pianura, the forces of the two clans united in fighting the Lago clan.[5] The reorganization in the clan takes place, adding the interest in regaining control over Ponticelli, taking advantage of fall of the Sarno clan, thanks to the large number of arrests and most of their bosses becoming pentiti.[6] However, this time did not last long, in 2010 Teresa De Luca Bossa was arrested and the clan gradually lost control of the territory, disputed by rival clans, such as the D'Amico clan (called _Fraulella_) and the De Micco clan (called _Bodo_).[7] In the years when Teresa De Luca Bossa was in command, the clan also made an alliance with the powerful Secondigliano Alliance.[8]

Anna De Luca Bossa, sister of Antonio, is married to Ciro Minichini, a member of a criminal group also based in Ponticelli. They had a son, Antonio Minichini, who was killed in 2013 in the middle of the war between the De Luca Bossa and the De Micco clans.[9] In September 2019, Anna was accused of involvement in the murder of Raffaele Cepparulo, leader of a small criminal group, and Ciro Colonna, an innocent victim. She was sentenced to life imprisonment.[10] In the same trial, Michele Minichini, who was considered one of the leaders of the new era of the organization was also sentenced to life in prison. Minichini was known to have a good relationship with Ciro Rinaldi, boss of the Rinaldi clan, also based in the eastern part of Naples, making an alliance between the two clans.[11]

Leadership

-   Antonio De Luca Bossa — Serving a life sentence.
-   Teresa De Luca Bossa — Arrested.
-   Anna De Luca Bossa — Serving a life sentence.
-   Umberto De Luca Bossa (son of the boss 'O Sicco) — Allegedly the current leader of the organization.
-   Emmanuel De Luca Bossa (son of the boss 'O Sicco) — Released in 2020.
-   Michele Minichini, known as 'a tigre — Serving a life sentence.

Activities

Pasquale Brunese, a drug trafficker working for the clan was arrested in Valencia, Spain, in 2015, after seven years hiding from the Italian police. In Spain, Brunese owned a restaurant and was living with a false name.[12][13]

On October 31, 2019, Salvatore Ricciardi, considered an affiliate of the clan, was arrested by the Carabinieri on charges of having imposed the racket on a pizzeria in Cercola. According to investigators, Ricciardi is the “bagman” of the clan, designated to collect the racket money.[14]

According to investigations, the leaders of the clan usually do numerous parties in the Ponticelli area, always inviting singers to live performances, one of their favorite singers is the neomelodic Anthony Ilardo, who is known for his relations with members of the Camorra.[15]

On December 29, 2019, two “loan sharks” of the clan were arrested in Cercola, according to the investigations, in some cases they would impose usurious rates up to 720%.[16]

Present day

According to the reports of the DIA, by 2019, after a time of strong decline, the De Luca Bossa clan is believed to be gaining power again in the eastern area of Naples, thanks to the merger with emergent groups, in particular with the Minichini. In fact, according to investigations, the group is now considered the most powerful clan in Ponticelli and in much of the Vesuvian area.[17]

On August 27, 2019, the Court of Naples issued an order for custody in prison for Emmanuel De Luca Bossa, the youngest son of _'O sicco_. Emmanuel was already under house arrest for robbery and was found in possession of a gun during a recent search warrant.[18]

In September 2019, Umberto De Luca Bossa, son of 'O sicco, was released from prison, after more than two years in jail, accused of illegal gun possession.[19]

Also in September 2019, Tommaso Schisa, member of the Schisa's faction of the clan, became pentito. Schisa is said to have a important role in the alliance between the De Luca Bossa clan and the Rinaldi clan.[20]

In February 2020, Emmanuel De Luca Bossa, was released from jail.[21]

Since Umberto De Luca Bossa became new the leader of the organization, after his release from jail in 2019, was noticed the increase of the continuous and pressing extortion requests, exercised with threatening and even violent methods in the areas under the influence of the clan.[22]

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title: De Luca Bossa clan

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where does the De Luca Bossa Clan operate?

answer: The De Luca Bossa Clan operates primarily in the eastern suburbs of Naples.

answer: East coastal suburbs of Naples, Italy.

answer: The De Luca Bossa Clan operates primarily in the eastern suburbs of Naples.

answer: The clan operates in the suburbs of Naples, specifically in the area of Ponticelli and in the municipality of Cercola.

answer: The eastern suburbs of Naples.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who founded the clan?

answer: The clan was founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa, also known as 'O sicco.

answer: Antonio De Luca Bossa founded the clan.

answer: Antonio De Luca Bossa founded the clan.

answer: Antonio De Luca Bossa, aka "O Sicco" founded the clan in the 1990s.

answer: Antonio De Luca Bossa (nicknamed 'O sicco) founded the clan in the 1990s.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When was 'O sicco first arrested and why?

answer: In the 1990s, Antonio De Luca Bossa - or 'O sicco - was arrested and charged with involvement in a massacre. The massacre was led by the Sarno clan with 'O sicco acting as a trusted member of the Sarno clan. However, De Luca Bossa decided to create his own clan and a bloody war ensued for the control of the territory. Eventually, 'O sicco was arrested and sentenced to life in prison.

text: It is omitted that six people died in the massacre.

refinement: In the 1990s, Antonio De Luca Bossa - or 'O sicco - was arrested and charged with involvement in a massacre that killed six people. The massacre was led by the Sarno clan with 'O sicco acting as a trusted member of the Sarno clan. However, De Luca Bossa decided to create his own clan and a bloody war ensued for the control of the territory. Eventually, 'O sicco was arrested and sentenced to life in prison.

text: It is incorrect that he was arrested in the 1990s.

refinement: In the 1980s, Antonio De Luca Bossa - or 'O sicco - was arrested and charged with involvement in a massacre that killed six people. The massacre was led by the Sarno clan with 'O sicco acting as a trusted member of the Sarno clan. However, De Luca Bossa decided to create his own clan and a bloody war ensued for the control of the territory. Eventually, 'O sicco was arrested and sentenced to life in prison.

answer: 'O sicco was first arrested at the age of 17, he was accused of involvement in a massacre led by the Samos in which six people died.

answer: Antonio De Luca Bossa was arrested in the late 1980s on charges of involvement in a massacre led by the Sarnos. He was later sentenced to life in prison.

text: It is omitted that six people died in the massacre.

refinement: Antonio De Luca Bossa was arrested in the late 1980s on charges of involvement in a massacre led by the Sarnos which killed six people. He was later sentenced to life in prison.

answer: In 1988, he was arrested for involvement in a massacre in which 6 people died, 4 of them by mistake.

answer: As a 17 year old boy. He got arrested for allegedly being involved in a massacre led by the Sarno clan which left 6 people dead, four of whom were by mistake.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where is 'O sicco currently?

answer: He is currently serving time for murder.

text: It is omitted that he is sentenced to life imprisonment.

refinement: He is currently serving life imprisonment for murder.

answer: Currently, Antonio De Luca Bossa is serving a life sentence.

answer: 'O sicco is currently serving life imprisonment.

answer: Serving his life sentence.

answer: The boss of the De Luca Bossa clan is currently serving a life sentence in prison.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer:
De Luca Bossa Clan is a clan operating in the Ponticelli area in the Naples suburbs. The clan was founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa, also known as 'O sicco. Antonio is currently serving life imprisonment due to the car bombing.

Anna De Luca Bossa, Antonio's sister, was also sentenced to life imprisonment in 2019 for her involvement in the murder of Raffaele Cepparulo.

According to reports, after a strong decline, the clan is supposedly gaining power again in the eastern region of Naples.

answer: De Luca Bossa Clan is a Neapolitan Camorra clan operating in the eastern suburb of Naples. Antonio De Luca Bossa is known as "O sicco". He killed his half-brother in prison. He is serving a life sentence. Antonio's sister is married to Ciro Minichini. She was found guilty of conspiring to murder two rivals.

text: It is omitted that Antonio was the founder of the gang.

refinement: De Luca Bossa Clan is a Neapolitan Camorra clan operating in the eastern suburb of Naples. Antonio De Luca Bossa, the founder of the clan, is also known as "O sicco". He killed his half-brother in prison. He is serving a life sentence. Antonio's sister is married to Ciro Minichini. She was found guilty of conspiring to murder two rivals.

text: There is no evidence that he killed his half-brother in the jail.

refinement: De Luca Bossa Clan is a Neapolitan Camorra clan operating in the eastern suburb of Naples. Antonio De Luca Bossa, the founder of the clan, is also known as "O sicco".  He is serving a life sentence. Antonio's sister is married to Ciro Minichini. She was found guilty of conspiring to murder two rivals.

answer:
The DE LUCA BOSSA CLAN is a Neapolitan Camorra clan that operates primarily in Ponticelli and Cercola, Italy. The clan was founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa and is led today by Umberto De Luca Bossa. The organization is said to have a monopoly in illegal activity in its domain. Members of the group are known for their associations with musicians and opioid traffickers.

In recent years, Emmanuel De Luca Bossa has been taken into custody multiple times, and recently Umberto De Luca Bossa was released from prison. Meanwhile, the group is believed by Italian authorities to be gaining power again in the Vesuvian area. Members of the group are known primarily for their use of violence and extortion in order to perpetrate illegal activity.

text: "Members of the group are known for their associations with musicians and opioid traffickers." There is no evidence in the passage supporting this statement hence it can be omitted.

refinement:
The DE LUCA BOSSA CLAN is a Neapolitan Camorra clan that operates primarily in Ponticelli and Cercola, Italy. The clan was founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa and is led today by Umberto De Luca Bossa. The organization is said to have a monopoly in illegal activity in its domain.

In recent years, Emmanuel De Luca Bossa has been taken into custody multiple times, and recently Umberto De Luca Bossa was released from prison. Meanwhile, the group is believed by Italian authorities to be gaining power again in the Vesuvian area. Members of the group are known primarily for their use of violence and extortion in order to perpetrate illegal activity.

answer: A short backstory of the De Luca Bossa Camorra clan operating in Ponticelli and the Cercola municipality near Naples, Italy.  The clan was founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa, and gradually the leader, Teresa, was helped by the Marfella clan before being arrested.  Antonio is currently serving a life sentence in jail. There is a power shift by Umberto De Luca Bossa which currently decides the operations of the mafia organization.

answer: The De Luca Bossa clan is a Neapolitan Camorra group operating in the eastern suburbs of Naples. Founded by Antonio De Luca Bossa in the 1990s, after he became a trusted member of a rival clan and rose in power in the Camorra, the De Luca Bossa clan is currently gaining power again by merging with emergent groups. The organization has a notorious reputation for racket collection, extortion, and drug trafficking. Its current leader is Umberto De Luca Bossa, who was released from jail in 2019. Among others, Emmanuel De Luca Bossa, son of Antonio, is currently under arrest for possession of a gun.


split: test

text:
The , signed as ROUTE K7, is one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area and is one of seven of the routes in the system serving Kanagawa Prefecture. The route is a long expressway running west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture. Alongside the Daikoku Route, it connects northern Yokohama to the region-spanning Bayshore Route.

Route description

The Yokohama North Route begins at Namamugi Junction with the Yokohane and Daikoku routes in Tsurumi Ward near the mouth of the Tsurumi River. From there it travels west through Tsurumi where it enters a tunnel that carries the majority of the length of the expressway. At the eastern entrance to the tunnel the expressway has a partial interchange with National Route 1. The tunnel, named the Yokohama-kita Tunnel, is a long, twin-bore tunnel that travels at a maximum of below the surface.[1] At the western entrance to the tunnel there is another interchange, this one is with Kanagawa Prefecture Route 13. This is also the point where the ramps to and from the Daisan Keihin Road begin and end. The expressway terminates at that highway, but also has access to the local streets in the Tsuzuki Ward where it ends.[2]

The speed limit along the entire length of the Yokohama North Route is set at 60 km/h.[3]

History

The entirety of the Yokohama North Route was opened to traffic on 18 March 2017 instead of being opened in phases like many of the other routes in the Shuto Expressway network. The only addition to the route since its initial opening date is the interchange at Baba, which will open in 2019.[4][5] The Yokohama North Route was connected the Yokohama Northwest Route, opened by the Metropolitan Expressway Company on 22 March 2020. The new expressway connected the Bayshore Route to the Tōmei Expressway.[6]

Gallery

Shutoko K7 Shin-yokohama Entrance.jpg|Shin-Yokohama entrance in Kōhoku-ku Okuma-river truss bridge 01.jpg|The Okuma River Truss bridge Kitasen tunnel -01.jpg|Construction of the tunnel section of the Yokohama North Route in 2011 Metropolitan Expressway Namamugi JCT1.JPG|The eastern terminus of the expressway at Namamugi Junction

Junction list

The entire expressway lies within Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture

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title: Yokohama North Route

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the Yokohama North Route?

answer: One of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system, it's one of the seven routes in the system serving Kanagawa Prefecture. Its speed limit is set at 60km/h.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of seven of the routes in the system serving Kanagawa Prefecture."

text: The speed limit along the Yokohama North Route is "set at 60 km/h."

answer: A tolled route.

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is a tolled route.

text: The answer could provide details about the Yokohama North Route.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is a tolled route serving the greater Tokyo Area.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Yokohama North Route is an expressway that travels west from Tsurumi-ku in Yokohama to Tsuzuki-ku in Kanagawa Prefecture. It connects northern Yokohama to the Bayshore Route. The speed limit along its entire length is 60 km/h.

text: The Yokohama North Route "begins at Namamugi Junction with the Yokohane and Daikoku routes in Tsurumi Ward near the mouth of the Tsurumi River."

text: The Yokohama North Route stops at an interchange "with Kanagawa Prefecture Route 13."

text: The speed limit along the Yokohama North Route is "set at 60 km/h."

answer: a tolled route of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is a tolled route of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Yokohama North Route is a toll expressway in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture that connects the Daikoku Route to the Daisan Keihin Road. The speed limit is 60 km/h.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route "begins at Namamugi Junction with the Yokohane and Daikoku routes in Tsurumi Ward near the mouth of the Tsurumi River."

text: The Yokohama North Route stops at an interchange "with Kanagawa Prefecture Route 13."

text: The speed limit along the Yokohama North Route is "set at 60 km/h."

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Of what is it a tolled route?

answer: The Yokohama North Route is a tolled route of the Shuto Expressway system.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Yokohama North Route is one of the seven tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway System serving Kanagawa Prefecture.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Shuto Expressway system.

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Shuto Expressway system.

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: Of the Shuto Expressway system

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Which city does the Shuto Expressway system serve?

answer: The Greater Tokyo Area

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Shuto Expressway system serves the Greater Tokyo Area.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Greater Tokyo Area.

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Shuto Expressway system serves the Greater Tokyo Area.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: Greater Tokyo.

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Shuto Expressway system serves Greater Tokyo.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Shuto Expressway system serves Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture.

text: The Yokohama North Route does serve Yokohama, but the question is asking about the Shuto Expressway system as a whole.

refinement: The Shuto Expressway system serves the Greater Tokyo Area.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

answer: The Shuto Expressway system serves Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture.

text: The Yokohama North Route does serve Yokohama, but the question is asking about the Shuto Expressway system as a whole.

refinement: The Shuto Expressway system serves the Greater Tokyo Area.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When did the Yokohama North Route open to traffic?

answer: 2017.

text: The answer could be more specific.

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route opened to traffic on March 18, 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

answer: 18 March 2017

text: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route opened to traffic on March 18, 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

answer: The Yokohama North Route opened to traffic on 18 March 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

answer: The Yokohama North Route opened to traffic in March of 2017.

text: The answer could be more specific.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route opened to traffic on March 18, 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

answer: The Yokohama North Route opened to traffic on 18 March 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The Yokohama North Route is a toll road in the Great Tokyo Area. It connects northern Yokohama to the Okuma River in Tsurumi Ward. It is 30.8 kilometers long. The tunnel on the route, the Yokohama-North Tunnel is 7.263 kilometers long, with the eastern entrance starting at Namamugi and the western entrance ending at the Daisan Keihin Road.

text: The lengths of the route and the tunnel are not included in the passage.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is a toll road in the Great Tokyo Area. It connects northern Yokohama to the Okuma River in Tsurumi Ward.  The tunnel on the route, the Yokohama-North Tunnel, has the eastern entrance starting at Namamugi and the western entrance ending at the Daisan Keihin Road.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route runs "west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture."

answer: The Yokohama North Route, ROUTE K7, is one of the tolled Shuto Expressway routes in the Greater Tokyo Area. Starting at a junction with the Daikoku Route in Tsurumi-ku, it runs westward to end at the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku. The tunnel section of the expressway has a maximum depth below surface and the speed limit is 60 km/h.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route runs "west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture."

text: The speed limit along the Yokohama North Route is "set at 60 km/h."

answer: The Yokohama North Route is a tolled route of the Shuto Expressway system. It begins at the Namamugi junction and extends west to the Daisan keihin Road in Tsuzuki Ward. It includes an area in Tsurumi Ward and is widely used by commuters. It has a speed limit of 60km/hr and was opened at the end of March 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route runs "west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture."

text: The speed limit along the Yokohama North Route is "set at 60 km/h."

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

answer: The Yokohama North Route is one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area and is one of seven of the routes in the system serving Kanagawa Prefecture. The route is a long expressway running west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture. Alongside the Daikoku Route, it connects northern Yokohama to the region-spanning Bayshore Route. It opened to traffic in March of 2017.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of seven of the routes in the system serving Kanagawa Prefecture."

text: The Yokohama North Route runs "west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture."

text: The Yokohama North Route was "opened to traffic on 18 March 2017."

answer: The Yokohama North Route is a toll expressway in the Greater Tokyo Area connecting Tsurumi-ku and Tsuzuki-ku in Kanagawa Prefecture. The expressway starts at Namamugi Junction and has a total length of roughly 35 km. Speed limits along the route are 60 km/h.

text: The length of the route is not included in the passage.

refinement: The Yokohama North Route is a toll expressway in the Greater Tokyo Area connecting Tsurumi-ku and Tsuzuki-ku in Kanagawa Prefecture. The expressway starts at Namamugi Junction. Speed limits along the route are 60 km/h.

text: The Yokohama North Route is "one of the tolled routes of the Shuto Expressway system serving the Greater Tokyo Area."

text: The Yokohama North Route runs "west from the northern terminus of the Daikoku Route at a junction with the Yokohane Route in Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, to the Daisan Keihin Road in Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture."

text: The speed limit along the Yokohama North Route is "set at 60 km/h."


text:
RICHARD “RIP” RAPSON (born March 16, 1952) is an American attorney and philanthropist serving as CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He began his career as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. In 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor and, in 1993, Rapson unsuccessfully ran for mayor to succeed Fraser.

After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy.

Early life and education

Richard “Rip” Rapson[1] was born on March 16, 1952,[2] in Bonn, Germany,[3] to Mary and Ralph Rapson.[4] In 1954, the family moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, where Ralph became head the University of Minnesota School of Architecture[5] and a prolific architect in the city.[6] Mary said that their son was nicknamed Rip because he was “kicking and moving” even in the womb.[7] He has a younger brother, Thomas (“Toby”), who also became an architect at their father's architectural firm.[8][9]

At Marshall-University High School, Rip Rapson was a baseball pitcher, played basketball, tennis and learned to play the trumpet.[10] He chose to attend Pomona College in California which he believed had a good tennis team.[11] In 1974, he graduated magna cum laude from Pomona with a bachelor of arts degree in political science.[12]

Career

After college, Rapson was hired by Arvonne Fraser, who ran her husband Donald M. Fraser's offices in Washington, D.C., when he served as a United States Representative from Minnesota.[13] Rapson was a congressional aide from 1974 to 1978 during Fraser's last two terms in the U.S. congress.[14][15] He worked as a liaison between Fraser's Washington office and his local district office in Minneapolis as well as contributing to the writing and passage of the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness Act of 1978 to protect the Boundary Waters Canoe Area in Minnesota.[16][17]

Rapson then graduated from Columbia Law School with a J.D.[18][19] and joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard. He became a partner at the firm[20][21] and remained there from 1981 to 1988.[22] He also served on the Library Board, the Board of Estimates and Taxation, and the boards of 13 other organizations in the city during that period.[23]

On March 14, 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor, effective April 15, 1989, to succeed Jan Hively. As deputy mayor, Rapson was in charge of liasoning with the Minneapolis City Council.[24] He was also responsible for the creation of a $400 million Neighborhood Revitalization Program and chaired its implementation committee.[25][26]

Rapson ran in the 1993 Minneapolis mayoral elections against Richard Jefferson, a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives, and Sharon Sayles-Belton, president of the city council.[27][28] Rapson relied on a grassroots campaign, receiving only 4% of his funding from political action committees.[29]

After his unsuccessful bid for mayor of Minneapolis, Rapson accepted a senior fellowship at the University of Minnesota.[30] He then served for six years as president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis.[31]

In 2006, Rapson was appointed CEO of the Kresge Foundation, a foundation based in Troy, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit.[32] He was responsible for a number of large grant programs made by the foundation including a $100-million grant to bring financial stability to the Detroit Institute of Arts whose art collection was owned by the city when it went bankrupt in 2013 and was being considered for sale to cover the city's debt.[33] Together with Gerald Rosen, a U.S. district court chief judge. and Darren Walker of the Ford Foundation which chipped in another $125 million,[34] Rapson helped organize a “grand bargain” as proposed by Judge Rosen,[35][36] with other contributions from a number of foundations and the state of Michigan, to keep the art collection from being liquidated and help preserve pensions for city retirees, whose retirement funds were also at risk.[37]

[Rapson at the May 2017 opening of the QLine streetcar in Detroit, Michigan] Under his leadership, the foundation contributed $150 million to the implementation of the Detroit Future City plan to revitalize the city[38][39] and also spurred the development of the QLine streetcar project in downtown Detroit.[40][41] Rapson is a founding member on the board of directors of M-1 Rail, a non-profit organization which built, owns, and operates the QLine.[42][43][44] He also serves on the Detroit board of directors of the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.[45] As CEO of the Kresge Foundation, as of 2017, Rapson manages the organization's $3.8 billion in assets and 105 full-time employees.[46]

Personal life

Rapson married Gail Johnson in August 1989.[47] They have two children.[48]

Bibliography

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[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

title: Rip Rapson

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about Rapson's career?

answer: Rapson served as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. He was appointed as deputy mayor of Minneapolis in 1989 and unsuccessfully ran for mayor in 1993. After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy.

text: The response is a copy and paste of the text.

refinement:
Rapson served as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. He was appointed as deputy mayor of Minneapolis in 1989 but unsuccessfully ran for mayor in 1993.
After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy.

answer: Rapson is an American attorney and philanthropist serving as CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He began his career as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. In 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor and, in 1993, Rapson unsuccessfully ran for mayor to succeed Fraser. After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy.

answer: Rapson is an American attorney and philanthropist serving as CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He began his career as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. In 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor and, in 1993, Rapson unsuccessfully ran for mayor to succeed Fraser. After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy. Rapson married Gail Johnson in August 1989. They have two children.

text: The response includes details of Rapson's personal life which is not useful for the task.

refinement: Rapson is an American attorney and philanthropist serving as CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He began his career as a congressional aide to Donald M. Fraser during Fraser's last two terms in the United States House of Representatives. After attending Columbia Law School, Rapson joined the law firm of Leonard, Street & Deinard to practice law while also serving on the board of several organizations. In 1989, Fraser, who had become mayor of Minneapolis, appointed Rapson as his deputy mayor and, in 1993, Rapson unsuccessfully ran for mayor to succeed Fraser. After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota and then was appointed president of the McKnight Foundation in Minneapolis. In 2006, he moved to the Detroit area to become CEO of the Kresge Foundation. He has led the foundation in a number of philanthropic endeavors to revitalize and rescue Detroit from bankruptcy.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about Rapson's education?

answer: Rapson graduated from Marshall-University High School. He chose to attend Pomona College in California. He graduated magna cum laude from Pomona with a bachelor of arts degree in political science in 1974. He graduated from Columbia Law School with a J.D. After leaving the Minneapolis City Hall, Rapson became a fellow at the University of Minnesota.

text: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

refinement: Rapson graduated from Marshall-University High School. He chose to attend Pomona College in California. He graduated magna cum laude from Pomona with a bachelor of arts degree in political science in 1974. He graduated from Columbia Law School with a J.D.

answer: Rapson graduated from Marshall-University High School. He chose to attend Pomona College in California, which he believed had a good tennis team. In 1974, he graduated magna cum laude from Pomona with a bachelor of arts degree in political science. He then graduated from Columbia Law School with a J.D.

answer: Rapson graduated from Marshall-University High School. He chose to attend Pomona College in California. He graduated magna cum laude from Pomona with a bachelor of arts degree in political science in 1974. He graduated from Columbia Law School with a J.D.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about Rapson's wife?

answer: No answer

text: The response misses to mention Rapson's wife's name and that they have two children.

refinement: Rapson married Gail Johnson in August 1989 and they have two children.

answer: Rapson married Gail Johnson in August 1989 and they have two children.


text:
PAUL BILBO is an American Professional wrestler under the ring name Pretty Boy (P.B.) Smooth. He currently competes on the independent wrestling circuit for promotions including Absolute Intense Wrestling, Glory Pro (Saint Louis, MO), C4 Wrestling (Ottawa, ON), IWA- Mid South (Jeffersonville, IN) and Revenge Pro Wrestling (Erie, Pa). He has also been used as extra talent for WWE.[1]

Early life

Born in Hempstead, NY, he started at St. Dominic High School in Oyster Bay, NY, where he helped lead the Bayhawk team to a 52–24 record in his last three seasons.

Bilbo played Division 1 basketball at Hofstra University with former future Golden State Warriors 2011 second round draft pick, Charles Jenkins. Bilbo finished his collegiate career at Division 2 college, Mercyhurst College.[2]

Professional Wrestling

PB Smooth debuted in professional wrestling in March 2016 and trained for Pro Wrestling Rampage under head trainer, Aaron Draven. When the school closed, he trained under WWE's Johnny Gargano at the Absolute Intense Wrestling School. After several months of training, he debuted for Absolute Intense Wrestling on October 15, 2016 in a tag match with Gary “The King Baller” in a losing effort against the tag team, Weirdworld.

Smooth has become a mainstay at AIW and won several titles including an eight-month tag team title run with Hornswoggle, and a victory over Tracy Williams for the AIW Absolute Championship. In 2018, Smooth began training at Grapplers Anonymous in Buffalo, NY under Pepper Parks after Johhny Gargano's departure for WWE NXT. He recently won the Revenge Pro Heavyweight Championship against Wardlow All Elite Wrestling Superstar on Sept 21, 2019.

Personal life

PB Smooth is born in Hempstead, New York on October 15, 1991. He attended Mercyhurst University and received a bachelor's degree in communications and a master's degree in organizational leadership.[3]

PB Smooth is involved in the community and is currently working with Mercyhurst to offer in Fall 2020, the very first PB Provides Scholarship Fund to an African-American recipient who is interested in obtaining a communications degree at Mercyhurst University.[4]

Championships and Accomplishments

-   Bilbo has wrestled for Absolute Intense Wrestling and CWF Mid-Atlantic in North Carolina.[5]
-   October 2016: Debuted with Absolute Intense Wrestling.[6]
-   May 27, 2017: Won Absolute Intense Wrestling Future Cup.[7]
-   July 8, 2017: Won Pro Wrestling Rampage Tag Team Titles with Colby Redd.
-   Pro Wrestling Illustrated ranked him # 379 in their 29th Annual PWI 500.[8]
-   June 9, 2018: Debuted with MCW and won a 60-second victory vs. Lor Diaz.[9]
-   2019: Won AIW Absolute Championship.[10]

[1]

[2]

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title: PB Smooth

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is PB Smooth?

answer: PB Smooth is an American Professional wrestler under the ring name Pretty Boy (P.B.) Smooth.

answer: PB Smooth is an American professional wrestler, currently competing on the independent wrestling circuit for promotions including Absolute Intense Wrestling.

answer: PB Sooth is an independent American Professional wrestler who competes in various circuits for promotions. He has appeared in Absolute Intense Wrestling, Glory Pro, C4 Wrestling, IWA Mid-South, Revenge Pro Wrestling, and is an extra talent for WWE. His real name is Paul Bilbo, of Hampstead, New York.

answer: He's an American Professional Wrestler that competes on the independent wrestling circuit.

answer: PB Smooth is a professional wrestler currently competing on the independent wrestling circuit. He currently competes for promotions including Absolute Intense Wrestling, Glory Pro (Saint Louis, MO), C4 Wrestling, IWA- Mid South, and Revenge Pro Wrestling. He has also been used as an extra talent for WWE.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When did Paul Bilbo become a wrestler?

answer: Paul debuted in Pro Wrestling Rampage in March of 2016.

answer: PB Smooth became a wrestler in March of 2016.

answer: He debuted professionally in March 2016.

answer: He debuted in March 2016.

answer: PB Smooth debuted in professional wrestling in March 2016.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe PB Smooth's career.

answer: After his start at Pro Wrestling Rampage, PB would move on to Absolute Intense Wrestling on October in a tag match with Gary the King Baller where they lost against Weirdworld. He would later gain successive tag team victories alongside Hornswoggle and win over Tracy Williams for the AIW Absolute Championship. In September of 2019, he won the Revenge Pro Heavyweight Championship.

answer: PB Smooth is a professional wrestler who has competed on the independent circuit for various promotions. He has won multiple titles, most notably the AIW Absolute Championship. Currently, he is training at Grapplers Anonymous under Pepper Parks.

answer:
PB Smooth is an American professional wrestler who competes on the independent wrestling circuit. He currently competes for various promotions, including Absolute Intense Wrestling, Glory Pro (Saint Louis, MO), C4 Wrestling (Ottawa, ON), IWA- Mid South (Jeffersonville, IN), and Revenge Pro Wrestling (Erie, Pa). He has also worked as extra talent for WWE.

Smooth has become a mainstay at Absolute Intense Wrestling since debuting in March 2016 and holds several titles with the promotion, including the Absolute Championship. He also recently won the Revenge Pro Heavyweight Championship.

answer: He began training for Pro Wrestling Rampage in March 2016. He trained under the head trainer, Aaron Draven until the school closed. He began training under WWE's Johnny Gargano at the Absolute Intense Wrestling School and debuted after several months of training. He debuted at AIW in October 2016 in a tag match with Gary 'The King Baller' in a losing effort. Smooth won several titles at AIW including a near undefeated 8-month tag team run with Hornswoggle and a victory over Tracy Williams for the AIW Absolute championship. In 2018 he began training at Grapplers Anonymous in Buffalo under Pepper Parks. On September 21st, 2019, Smooth defeated Wardlow to win the Revenge Pro Heavyweight Championship.

answer: Smooth's first match was with Absolute Intense Wrestling. He trained under WWE's Johnny Gargano at the Absolute Intense Wrestling School.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is Paul Bilbo like outside of his wrestling persona?

answer: PB Smooth is a professional wrestler who graduated with a degree in communications and a master's degree in organizational leadership. He is also active in the community and is currently working with Mercyhurst University to establish the PB Provides Scholarship Fund for African-American recipients. Outside of professional wrestling, Smooth is involved in various educational areas.

answer: Paul Bilbo is currently a professional wrestler under the ring name, P.B. Smooth. Outside of wrestling, he is educated and involved in helping to create opportunities for African-Americans at Mercyhurst University.

answer: Paul is known to be active in his community and is working alongside Maryhurst on his "PB Provides Scholarship Fund".

answer: Unclear

text: How is this unclear? You can read what he does outside of his professional pursuits in this article.

refinement:
He went to college and has a BA in communications and a master's degree in organizational leadership.
PB Smooth is involved in the community and is currently working with Mercyhurst to offer in Fall 2020, the very first PB Provides Scholarship Fund to an African-American recipient who is interested in obtaining a communications degree at Mercyhurst University.

answer: He has a master's degree in organizational leadership.

text: There are a few more things you could say about his activities.

refinement: He has a master's degree in organizational leadership. He's also involved in the community and is currently working with Mercyhurst to offer in Fall 2020, the very first PB Provides Scholarship Fund to an African-American recipient who is interested in obtaining a communications degree at Mercyhurst University.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: PAUL BILBO is an American professional wrestler known by the ring name Pretty Boy (P.B.) Smooth. He competes on the independent circuit for promotions including Absolute Intense Wrestling, Glory Pro (Saint Louis, MO), C4 Wrestling (Ottawa, ON), IWA- Mid South (Jeffersonville, IN), and, most recently, Revenge Pro Wrestling (Erie, PA). He has also been used as extra talent for WWE. Bilbo graduated from Hofstra University with a degree in communications and currently works with Mercyhurst University to offer a scholarship fund to an African-American recipient interested in communications. He also currently holds the AIW Absolute Championship.

text: This completely ignores the sentence limit. I've cut it down.

refinement: PAUL BILBO is an American professional wrestler known by the ring name Pretty Boy (P.B.) Smooth. He competes on the independent circuit for promotions including Absolute Intense Wrestling, Glory Pro (Saint Louis, MO), C4 Wrestling (Ottawa, ON), IWA- Mid South (Jeffersonville, IN), and, most recently, Revenge Pro Wrestling (Erie, PA).

answer: Paul Bilbo (known by his nornm PB Smooth) is American Professional wrestler. He's won several titles, including in 2018, AIW Absolute Championship.

answer: PB Smooth is an American professional wrestler under the ring name Pretty Boy (P.B.) Smooth. He currently competes in promotions on the independent wrestling circuit. Smooth has accomplished accolades such as winning the AIW Absolute Championship and recently the Revenge Pro Heavyweight Championship.

answer: Paul Bilbo, better known as PB Smooth to wrestling fans, is working alongside Maryhurst University through his "PB Provides Scholarship Fund". PB Smooth is commonly associated with Absolute Intense Wrestling and in 2019, he won the Revenge Pro Heavyweight Championship.

answer: This article describes the early life and the current accomplishments of Paul Bilbo, an independent professional wrestler under the name Pretty Boy (P.B) Smooth. He won the Revenge Pro Wrestling Heavyweight Championship against Wardlow All Elite Wrestling Superstar in September 2019.


text:
"SQUIRE! Fetch me my horse! I’m going out hunting!"

"Yes sire!"

Lousy, ungrateful, stupid bastard. Squire? Fucking squire? Jesus man you know my name, I’m Perry, like I tell you every fucking day. And don’t even get me started on the hunting. Hunting? Why don’t you just describe it accurately and call it seating your fat ass on the back of that poor sop of a horse and forcing it to canter round your shitty little forest, while you giggle with glee at the delightful experience of bouncing up and down. And all the while you’re accompanied by a large band of trumpeters, making absolutely sure every single animal with a brain has enough time to hear this ludicrous ensemble of idiocy, pack up its family, maybe have a small bite to eat and move the fuck away. Quite frankly, anything stupid enough to be caught by this moronic party had it coming. If the hunting party didn’t get them, an angry 6 year old with a small stick would’ve done the next morning.

But I’ve side-tracked. The more important debate here is how the fuck this man managed to become a knight. I’d call him stupid but that would be an insult to uneducated peons everywhere. He is his own class of stupid, so far down the IQ scale he may have broken into previously unexplored realms of negative IQ. Oh, you think I’m being mean? Maybe a bit overdramatic? Oh no no no. Let me explain. This is the man who, when getting out of a double bed, rolled over the wrong way to the other side of the bed and, rather than realise his mistake and either rolling the other way to escape the bed, or continuing his roll to reach the other side, shouted desperately for help, for he had lost the floor and was surely doomed. This is the man who picked up a sword from the wrong end and failed to understand his mistake. This is the man who put a helmet on his foot and complained when he couldn’t walk properly. Please understand, my master is genuinely something else. I’ve yet to theorise how he became a knight. Oh yes, his father was a knight and that grants him an easy ride to the role, but I am amazed that, after discovering that his son had the intelligence of a melon, his dear father hadn’t pushed him to follow an alternative career path, something more appropriate to his level like, ooh I don’t know, an early grave.

Too far? Perhaps. But you don’t have to serve under this infantile baboon. Every waking moment of my day is spent entertaining his every want and need, and oh boy does he have a lot of needs. Sometimes – and I wish I was joking – he struggles with wiping his own ass. Guess who gets that fantastic job? That’s right, Squire Perry, his faithful fucking assistant. Other highlights include: serving him his food; helping him eat his food; cleaning his food when he spills it on the floor, like the clumsy halfwit he is; cleaning his bed; cleaning his clothes; organising his equipment. Oh, and how could I forget, fetching his fucking horse when he wants to go on a fucking hunting expedition.

I should go, he might cry if he doesn’t get his bloody horse soon. Ooh, that is a tempting prospect... but no. It wouldn’t be obeying my fucking duty. I swear to fucking god. Pray for me, would you?

title: Perry [HF]

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the excerpt say about the stupidity of squire Perry's knight?

answer: The knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and need to be assisted. He rocks himself over some furniture and cries for assistance. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literal helpless. He is proud of his idiocy, and when something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

text: "The knight" - change to "Perry's knight"

refinement: Perry's knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and need to be assisted. He rocks himself over some furniture and cries for assistance. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literal helpless. He is proud of his idiocy, and when something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

text: "need" - replace with "needs"

refinement: Perry's knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and needs to be assisted. He rocks himself over some furniture and cries for assistance. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literal helpless. He is proud of his idiocy, and when something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

text: The highlighted text doesn't make any sense and should be removed.

refinement: Perry's knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and needs to be assisted. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literal helpless. He is proud of his idiocy, and when something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

text: "literal" - replace with "literally"

refinement: Perry's knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and needs to be assisted. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literally helpless. He is proud of his idiocy, and when something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

text: There is nothing in the story that indicates Perry's knight was proud of his idiocy. In fact, he may not even realize that he is an idiot. This part should be removed.

refinement: Perry's knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and needs to be assisted. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literally helpless. When something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

answer: The knight is a man so stupid, he cannot even get out of bed correctly and need to be assisted. He rocks himself over some furniture and cries for assistance. He is terrible at wielding any equipment and is literal helpless. He is proud of his idiocy, and when something needs to be done, Squire Perry is the man for the job.

answer: The knight is a moronic man who is so stupid that he can't even get out of a double bed without help. He is also clumsy and can't even put on his own helmet. He is also a crybaby who can't even wipe his own ass.


text:
THE THIRD ARM OF KILIMANJARO

(This concept was originally developed in detail by Marshall T. Savage in his book, "The Millennial Project". By no means am I claiming his works as my own. I respect his creation and wanted to incorporate this part of it into my ongoing tale.)

A public works project had begun in Tanzania on Mt. Kilimanjaro. To the press it had been dubbed a water and energy reclamation experiment, and to the water impoverished nations of Africa they didn't question it too loudly. Why question something that would bring thousands of jobs and clean water to the stricken center of the continent, and let's not forget millions, (perhaps billions if you could really dig into the books and ferret out all the nickels and dimes) of dollars of industry? On the surface, the construct did exactly what it said. There were no lies told. The engineers had built vast sluices to harness and channel the melt from the heavy snows that had been steadily increasing at the peak of the volcano. "This increase in snowfall was an effect of the changing climate brought about by human influence on global temperatures", a few interest groups were shouting at the top of their lungs, "and we should be devoting energies to stem the changes and not just blindly take advantage of them!" They shouted, but no one was listening. Besides, the extra snowfall handled and distributed by what became known as the Kilimanjaro Resource Reclamation Project jointly managed by the central African countries, the US, and after a fashion, the UK, revitalized one of the most impoverished areas on Earth.

The three gargantuan sluices were evenly distributed around the circumference on the mountain's even-sloped rise, and from there each of the three bases branched out to smaller and smaller distribution channels like tree roots, (but moving water in the opposite direction) to the surrounding areas. Using the support pylons for the sluices as foundations, massive turbines were constructed creating wind farms, some classic propeller driven, a few using a new air-compressed turbine technology. With these farms, vast amounts of energy was produced and distributed along the water pipelines. With one well engineered stroke, the project cured much of the strife in Africa bringing water, energy, jobs, and outside interest to the nations. That outside interest being tourism of course, the universal income maker. With the violent rebellions dying down, and much of the varied countries slowly but surely working their way through peace talks and economic summits, the central African countries became a new and fresh tourist destination, bringing even more money to the table.

It was quite a generous act from the First World, again, on the surface. But, does it really matter after that? With all of the good the project had brought to millions of people, did the underlying reasons detract from the gesture? Much of the grand gestures in history had one hand giving and the other taking, and sometimes the price of what was taken was monumental and horrific. From where I sit here in the Salt Flats, I wonder.

You see, two of the sluices were just that: water collectors. They were labeled the  Kilimanjaro First and Second Arms respectively, or K1A and K2A. The third, which happened to be built directly parallel to the equator, was much larger than the other two, (and had an exponentially larger amount of security than the other two), housed a secret. There was indeed a water reclamation facility built there, (there were no overt lies spoken, remember), it just had one more pathway built into it that was never meant to be touched by water,
And just a small fraction of the energy created by the wind farms were diverted to this facility to power it. Knowing that the facility would eventually have to be revealed, the right amount of money had been exchanged to the right hands, (certain heads of the African nations, and as always, the press) to keep the project quiet, but be a loud and positive supporter when the time came for the unveiling.

Housed under this third arm was a thirty mile long set of rails. There was a subtle opening at the peak of the mountain that was the exit for the projected launch vehicle. The passage was essentially a gun, a "rail gun" apparatus first imagined by French inventor Louis Octave Fauchon-Villeplee in 1918.  It was a device that, using two parallel conductive rails that were fed an electromagnetic current in a pulse traveling the length of the barrel, could accelerate an object at extremely high velocity, no chemical propellant required.

The setting of Kilimanjaro had been ideal for a couple of reasons: the long slope stretching up from the flat plain was a perfect platform to build the rail, and it's closeness to the equator. The long slope allowed for minimum construction (and minimum visibility from the outside world) to set the shape of the track. The extra benefit of the height of the mountain meant that the catapulted object would make it quite a ways up in elevation before it even left the track, meaning less energy spent. The location along the equator was ideal in that anything launched would require minimal adjustments once in orbit to attain a geosynchronicity circling the planet, or to orbital trajectories further out, say. It was these outbound trajectories that were important for the second stage of the project. The third stage would change the world.

Once the rail, dubbed the Kilimanjaro Third Arm Launch Facility (or K3ALF for a slightly less unwieldy title) had been finished, there was a massive marketing push to popularize it and as always, it was easier to ask for forgiveness after the fact than for the initial permissions. After a few test runs; the brave astronautical test pilot's proud and triumphant (widely broadcast across the internet and televisions of the world) flight, not to forget his grinning mug, (also widely broadcast) telling the citizens just how beautiful their small blue world was from where he sat and that humanity should get over their petty squabbles, blah blah blah, and the usual insertion or two of new commercial satellites, (to pay for the previous' advertising), the project was much lauded for it's forward thinking and advancement of Mankind. Once the launch facility was fully operational, it was not unusual to hear the distant thunder from a bullet-shaped vehicle hitting multiple times the speed of sound and leaving nothing but a vapor contrail and a wide cloud halo around the peak of the slumbering volcano.

The third phase began with renewed landings on Earth's lonely companion, the Moon. And at the beginning of the new year, a permanent facility had been constructed in the Copernicus crater that utilized the sloping wall along with the relative flatness of it's basin, (in a slightly funhouse mirror image) to build a smaller sister version of the Kilimanjaro launch rail for the benefit of propelling craft on their return trip to Terra Firma. The public was told that the construction in Copernicus, (named the Arthur C. Clarke Platform; it wasn't in Clavius or the Tycho Crater but the name was fitting, and no one objected to honoring the famous co-author of "2001 - A Space Odyssey") would be primarily used to explore the lunar surface, research into the rocky terrain for the possibilities of future mineral prospects, and mainly; mankind's first proper foothold into space proper, where the foundation of exploration to the outer reaches of the solar system would begin.

These things were all true; proper and successful lies are always obfuscated in a web of truth. As it had been since the beginning of the massive project, there were no lies told. It was what went by unsaid that paid for all in the end. Ironically, this venture having been covered up until it was ready at K3ALF by the publics works programs was in turn a cover for the real strategy, a plan that only a handful of people outside the project were aware of.  Even the majority of the crews at the Arthur C. Clarke site were unaware of what they were a part of and if they were told, they probably wouldn't have believed it anyway.

(6/16/16)

title: [SP] The Third Arm of Kilimanjaro

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What was the main aim of the public works (Kilimanjaro Resource Reclamation) that were set up in Tanzania?

answer: The aim was to harness the snow melt from the heavy snows on Mt Kilimanjaro to create energy and distribute clean water to the water impoverished nations of Africa.

text: Include that there is a secondary installation built into the third arm for an undisclosed purpose.

refinement: The aim was to harness the snow melt from the heavy snows on Mt Kilimanjaro to create energy and distribute clean water to the water impoverished nations of Africa. Not publicly disclosed is the creation of a rail gun in the third arm for an unspecified reason.

answer: The aim was to harness the melting snows in the upper slopes of the volcano and divert the water to the sluices, where it would power turbines to generate energy which would then be used to power the resource reclamation project.

text: Include that there is a secondary installation built into the third arm for an undisclosed purpose.

refinement: The aim was to harness the melting snows in the upper slopes of the volcano and divert the water to the sluices, where it would power turbines to generate energy which would then be used to power the resource reclamation project. Not publicly disclosed is the creation of a rail gun in the third arm for an unspecified reason.

answer: The aim was to harness the melting snows in the upper slopes of the volcano and divert the water to the sluices, where it would power turbines to generate energy which would then be used to power the resource reclamation project. The water was also used for a water reclamation facility.

text: Include that there is a secondary installation built into the third arm for an undisclosed purpose.

refinement: The aim was to harness the melting snows in the upper slopes of the volcano and divert the water to the sluices, where it would power turbines to generate energy which would then be used to power the resource reclamation project. The water was also used for a water reclamation facility. Not publicly disclosed is the creation of a rail gun in the third arm for an unspecified reason.


text:
It was unusual for the two of them to meet under these circumstances, but they had preferred it this way. As soon as it was possible to do so, George Carville had vanished into an unobserved lift on the 50th floor of London's Shard, retreating out of the building through a discrete trade exit at the end of an underground tunnel some tens of metres away. Raising his collar, he faced the ground and walked briskly, anonymously, into the embrace of the night.

He had smoked two cigarettes and was about to leave when Nathan Cohen arrived to meet him at the centre of London Bridge. Mutely, Carville offered him his carton of cigarettes. Cohen took one, lit it and inhaled deeply before contorted his face into a scowl.

"Full strength?" He groaned, glaring at the glowing tobacco.

"You're a grown-up now," Chided Carville, with a humourless voice but an imperceptibly slight smile. "You ought to smoke like one."

"I ought not to smoke." He inhaled again before acknowledging the question that Carville had not asked. "I apologise for my lateness. But you must remember, surely? It wasn't that long ago for you. I skimmed the reports they threw at me, I shook hands with the cloying throng. I wrote the Letters of Last Resort."

"How was that?"

"The Letters? Humbling."

"Yes. They are."

Cohen blew smoke into the night, and looked silently at Carville for a time. "What did you write?"

"I can't remember specifically."

"That's not true."

"No, it isn't. But I'd rather not say. Those words have been scarred into my brain these last seven years, but that's been my burden to bear. Now you get the chance. When you're where I am, you'll know that it's best for those words to die with you."

They were silent for a few minutes more. A night bus trundled past, and the occasional morose traveller shuffled closely behind their backs. But the two of them took no notice, staring into the churning black river beneath them.

"You're not normally this melancholy. Although I suppose under the circumstances it's understandable."

"What circumstances are those?" Carville seemed genuinely curious, and Cohen suddenly felt an abiding discomfort.

"Well, you know. The results."

"Best news I've had in weeks."

"George..."

"I'm serious, Nat. I'm not trying to soothe any latent guilt you're storing up."

"I don't have any."

"You're too soppy not to. But it really is a relief. I'm looking forward to five years as a lightweight."

"Remember when we were lightweights?" Cohen was smiling now.

"Always."

"It feels like so long ago."

"It was."

"Will we ever have that again? Committee hearings on absolutely nothing, constituents storming into our offices to bitch and complain about stuff we've never heard of, the stupid late-night scheming. I miss it already." His last sentence was spoken quietly, almost involuntarily. He thought sounded pained, or awed, or sanguine. He sounded a combination of the three.

"I intend to get all that back within a few months. You'll have to wait longer, of course."

"Yeah. I'm starting to wonder if I made the right choice."

"I'm wondering the same about the electorate." Carville chuckled.

"Speaking of the electorate, I think I've stolen too many minutes of my life from their claws this morning."

"Morning? God, it's 4:15."

"I need to go, George."

Carville smiled as a jaded man would smile at a dying loved one. "I know you do. Good luck, Nat."

Cohen's eyes were ringed with circles and heavily lidded. Taking one last survey of the skyline, he replied in a forcibly deadpan monotone. "And to you, George. I'll see you soon."

Cohen walked quickly away with his head held low. Partly by necessity, partly to disguise the emotion that had overcome him. Carville stayed for a few minutes more alone. He reasoned that nobody would seek much from an outgoing Prime Minister until morning and that his aides would handle the press appropriately. Turning his buzzing phone off, he slouched over the rail of London Bridge as the first tinges of pink started to rise alongside the dome of St. Paul's Cathedral. He smoked, and he thought of the words he had written seven years ago to be read deep in the bowels of the ocean.

At 4:32, he abruptly stood and walked away.

title: Concession [RF]

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Nathan Cohen?

answer: Nathan Cohen is a grown-up that smokes full strength cigarettes. He was the Prime Minister of England before resigning and being replaced by George Carville. Cohen is meeting with Carville under unusual circumstances and apologizes for being late. The two reminisce about their early days as politicians. Cohen is melancholy, and Carville knows why.

text: The response inaccurately mentions that Cohen smokes full strength cigarettes. He was given one and disliked it.

refinement: Nathan Cohen is a grown-up now and is assumed to smoke cigarettes. He was the Prime Minister of England before resigning and being replaced by George Carville. Cohen is meeting with Carville under unusual circumstances and apologizes for being late. The two reminisce about their early days as politicians. Cohen is melancholy, and Carville knows why.

text: The response inaccurately mentions that Cohen was the resigning prime minister, however he was the incoming PM, replacing Carville.

refinement: Nathan Cohen is a grown-up now and is assumed to smoke cigarettes. He was the incoming Prime Minister of England replacing George Carville. Cohen is meeting with Carville under unusual circumstances and apologizes for being late. The two reminisce about their early days as politicians. Cohen is melancholy, and Carville knows why.

answer: Nathan Cohen is a grown-up that smokes full strength cigarettes. He was the Prime Minister of England before resigning and being replaced by George Carville. Cohen is meeting with Carville under unusual circumstances and apologizes for being late. The two reminisce about their early days as politicians. Cohen is melancholy, and Carville knows why.

answer: Nathan Cohen is a British politician who once served at the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom alongside Herbert Carville. Cohen's obligations took him all over the United Kingdom to meet with government officials and constituents and discuss politics. He also wrote Letters of Last Resort.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about George Carville?

answer: George Carville is a former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He is meeting with Nathan Cohen, a former member of Parliament, to discuss the results of the election. Carville is retiring from politics and is looking forward to being a lightweight.

answer: George Carville was a British Prime Minister who risked his political career by meeting Nathan Cohen in back-alley locations away from prying eyes. Carville is described as having a humourless voice with a slightly smiling face, so he's likely quite a serious person. Carville was the one who wrote the Letter of Last Resort.

text: The response inaccurately mentions that Carville wrote the letters of last resort, however it was Cohen.

refinement: George Carville was a British Prime Minister who risked his political career by meeting Nathan Cohen in back-alley locations away from prying eyes. Carville is described as having a humourless voice with a slightly smiling face, so he's likely quite a serious person.

answer: George Carville was a British Prime Minister who risked his political career by meeting Nathan Cohen in back-alley locations away from prying eyes. Carville is described as having a humourless voice with a slightly smiling face, so he's likely quite a serious person. Carville was the one who stepped down, sloughing the burden of holding the Letter of Last Resort.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about how to handle a political crisis?

answer: No answer

answer: No answer


text:
MICHAEL PARIENTE is a Las Vegas-based criminal defense attorney and the founder of Pariente Law Firm, P.C.[1] He has served as lead counsel in several high-profile cases, including _Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court_, which entitled every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery to a jury trial in the State of Nevada. The case has been called “the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century.”[2]

Background

Pariente graduated with a degree in Business Administration at the University of New Mexico in 1990 and received a master's degree in Public Affairs from the University of Texas at Austin in 1995.[3] He received his J.D. degree from Baylor Law School in 1998.[4] Pariente is admitted to practice law in the State of Nevada and the State of Texas. He previously served as an Assistant District Attorney for DUI prosecutions and as an Assistant Federal Public Defender in El Paso, Texas.[5]

Pariente is the son of Esther Pariente-Ahmed and electrical engineer and computer scientist Nasir Ahmed.

Noteworthy cases

_Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court_

In 2019, Pariente successfully litigated what has been called “the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century.”[6]

In _Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court_, the defendant was charged with battery which constitutes domestic violence, a first offense, and was set to stand trial in the Las Vegas Municipal Court. He asked for a jury trial, but in accordance with longstanding Nevada law, was told he was not entitled to a jury for a misdemeanor charge. He pled no contest and was found guilty, and appealed his conviction based on the fact that he was denied his right to a jury.[7]

The case eventually made it to the Nevada Supreme Court. Pariente argued that a defendant charged with battery constituting domestic violence has a Sixth Amendment right to a jury trial because a defendant loses his or her Second Amendment right upon conviction of the offense by letting a judge, and not a jury, decide guilt or innocence.[8] The Court reversed the defendant's conviction, and declared that henceforth, for the first time since Nevada became a state in 1864, every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to a jury trial.

“The Nevada Supreme Court’s Sept. 12 decision held that misdemeanor domestic violence defendants are entitled to a jury trial because of a 2017 law banning those convicted of the crime from owning guns. The ban on gun ownership elevated the crime from a petty offense that doesn’t entitle a defendant to a jury to a more serious offense with jury rights, the court said.”[9]

Aftermath of _Andersen_

Following the Nevada Supreme Court's decision in _Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court_, many cities, including the city of Las Vegas, have fought to undermine the verdict.[10] Pariente has been critical of Las Vegas City Council and its efforts to bypass the verdict by enacting its own ordinance which circumvents the law created by the Nevada Supreme Court in _Andersen._ Pariente has publicly called the ordinance “absurd, pathetic and desperate” and has vowed to take the matter to the Nevada Supreme Court or the Supreme Court of the United States, if necessary.”[11]

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title: Michael Pariente

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say is a notable achievement of Michael Pariente?

answer: Michael Pariente is considered to be a notable achievement when he represented a defendant who was charged for a misdemeanor domestic battery. He led Andersen's case by arguing that every defendant is entitled to pass a trial by a jury. The Nevada Supreme Court overturned Andersen's conviction and ruled that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to a jury trial.

text: Specify that "every defendant" is every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery"

refinement: Michael Pariente is considered to be a notable achievement when he represented a defendant who was charged for a misdemeanor domestic battery. He led Andersen's case by arguing that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to pass a trial by a jury. The Nevada Supreme Court overturned Andersen's conviction and ruled that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to a jury trial.

text: Pariente isn't the "notable achievement". He has one.

refinement: Michael Pariente's notable achievement is when he represented a defendant who was charged for a misdemeanor domestic battery. He led Andersen's case by arguing that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to pass a trial by a jury. The Nevada Supreme Court overturned Andersen's conviction and ruled that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to a jury trial.

text: It's omitted that the case has been called  “the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century"

refinement: Michael Pariente's notable achievement is when he represented a defendant who was charged for a misdemeanor domestic battery. He led Andersen's case by arguing that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to pass a trial by a jury. The Nevada Supreme Court overturned Andersen's conviction and ruled that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is entitled to a jury trial. The case has been called  "the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century"

answer: In 2019, Pariente successfully litigated what has been called “the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century.”

text: It's omitted that this case is called Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court.

refinement: In 2019, Pariente successfully litigated what has been called “the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century.” The case was Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court.

text: It's omitted that the case entitled every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery to a jury trial in Nevada.

refinement: In 2019, Pariente successfully litigated what has been called “the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century.” The case was Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court. The case entitled every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery to a jury trial in Nevada.

answer: Michael Pariente is a Las Vegas-based criminal defense attorney and the founder of Pariente Law Firm, P.C. He has served as lead counsel in several high-profile cases, including Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court, which entitled every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery to a jury trial in the State of Nevada. The case has been called "the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century."

text: This is not necessarily relevant to the question and should be omitted.

refinement: He has served as lead counsel in several high-profile cases, including Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court, which entitled every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery to a jury trial in the State of Nevada. The case has been called "the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century."

answer: Michael Pariente's most notable achievement is being the lead counsel in the case of Andersen v. Eighth Judicial District Court. The case entitled every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery to a jury trial in the state of Nevada. The case was called the most significant Nevada Supreme Court case of the 21st century.

answer: Michael Pariente is considered a notable achievement when he represents a defendant who was charged for a misdemeanor domestic battery. He and led Andersen's case, by arguing that every defendant is entitled to a jury trial. The Nevada Supreme Court overturned Andersen's conviction and ruled that every defendant charged with misdemeanor domestic battery is co


text:
You are less than the wind. You are not the air, but those things carried on it. You are gentle words and the fragrance of honeysuckle. You are not that quiet breeze, but those light bits of hair that it ruffles at its passing and those gentle chills that it carries in the ripeness of fall. You are those things carried amongst the bitten mountains worn down by your medium over the passage of years and years and years and years. You are the stillness of the water in this quiet lake and the hymns of the procession slowly approaching the lake over those worn mountain paths. They sing and you follow.

They are a group of not more than twenty large. They are a mix of men and women where the mix tends to fare the fairer sex and those masculine do walk emasculated with trodding steps and uncertain footing. You are the dust kicked up by the feet of these hollow men, a minority amongst those surefooted ewes. You are also the delicate steps of the child, alone amongst adults. You are also the breeze amongst his light hair and the silence at his lips. You are not the shallowness of his gaze or the timidity of his posture. You do know, though, that this one has not had enough years to be weathered as his companions are, their souls as worn as the mountains they cross.

You are the bellows of the man-mountain leading them. You are the difference in the weight of his garments compared to the others. You are not the yellow dye that provides this greater weight, but the wind that gently whips it as they approach the water. You are his words and the songs he leads his congregation in. You are not his smile or its crude comparison with the vacant expressions of his masculine peers, the gentle effeminacy of the women, or the indifference of that golden child. You are his words when he says,

“This is truly a glorious day!”

You are his words when he says,

“Today we truly bask in the radiance of the Lord!”

You are the gentle decline in pitch as footsteps amongst leaves change to those in sand and gravel. You are the difference when the sound of movement changes to sounds of silence save the proselytizing of that mountain of a man. You are his lungs and those ragged chords when he speaks,

“Come my child and let you join the kingdom of the lord!”

You are not the silence in the child’s footsteps, but you are the dissonance between the child’s graceful procession into the water and the preacher’s entrance, more akin to a battleship being put to port than a man of god sloshing to a small sandbank less than fifteen feet from the water’s edge. You are the hymns sung by the procession as the man and child walk out, but you are not the grating words and eldritch vocabulary they use. You are just the words, not their purpose or their strange vocalizations.

You are his words when the priest lays his hand on the child’s head and the mid of his back and calls out,

“Do you wish to see the promise land?”

You are not the child’s response even though it is pronounced and articulated with a certainty greater than the child’s years. You don’t even wish to carry those weary words of disagreement. You are not the unfocused gaze as the priest ignores those words you never carried. You are the sounds of submersion. You are never that gasp of air upon rising from those cold depths. You are simply the solitude of this terrible scene; the quiet, the thrashing at the waters edge, and a wind that roars through the trees like a cry of injustice and pain amongst the leaves. You are less than the wind.

edit: formatting cleanup

meta-edit: apparently I use the word "amongst" too much

title: You are Less than the Wind [MF]

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the story’s climax.

answer: The group of travelers stops walking and listen to the priest's proselytizing. He declares that the child - the only child among them - will go and join the kingdom of the lord. It is then revealed that this is to be achieved by submerging the child in the water, against the child's will.

answer: Right before the priest baptizes the child, the child adamantly refuses to go under the water. However, despite being refused, the child is submerged anyways and screams at the surface. The climax of the story is when the child is baptized against their will and they cry out in protest.

answer: The boy drowns in the lake.

text: While this response is accurate, it can be formed in a better sentence with additional details about what was happening that caused the boy to drown.

refinement: Right before the priest baptizes the child, the child adamantly refuses to go under the water. However, despite being refused, the child is submerged anyways and screams at the surface. The climax of the story is when the child is baptized against their will and they cry out in protest.

answer: The climax of the story comes when the priest lays his hands on the child and asks if the child wants to see the promise land. The child defiantly declares that he does not want to go, but the priest ignores the words and submerges the child in the water. The wind then symbolizes the poor treatment of the child and the lack of regard for his choice as it howls through the trees.

answer: Though the priest is strikingly talkative, the story has no real action.

text: This response is completely not true and needs to be re-written.

refinement: Right before the priest baptizes the child, the child adamantly refuses to go under the water. However, despite being refused, the child is submerged anyways and screams at the surface. The climax of the story is when the child is baptized against their will and they cry out in protest.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What happens to the child?

answer: The child is submerged in the water at the banks of the lake.

text: This response is correct but additional details of the child not wanting to be submerged and the child gasping for air when submerged need to be added to make the response stronger.

refinement: The child is submerged in the water at the banks of the lake, against his will. The child gasps for air while being submerged by the priest.

answer: The child submits to being baptized and enters the water.

text: While this response is mostly accurate, it also needs to include more details about how the boy was not willing to be baptized and how the boy could have been drowned.

refinement: Right before the priest baptizes the child, the child adamantly refuses to go under the water. However, despite being refused, the child is submerged anyways and screams at the surface. The climax of the story is when the child is baptized against their will and they cry out in protest.

answer: The child is submerged in the water against his will, but it is unclear whether he survives or even whether he is meant to survive. The priest claims to be letting the child 'join the kingdom of the lord.' This could reference either a baptism or a sacrifice.

answer: He's drowned.

text: More detail about how and why the boy is drowned is needed to be added into the response.

refinement: The child is submerged in the water against his will, but it is unclear whether he survives or even whether he is meant to survive. The priest claims to be letting the child 'join the kingdom of the lord.' This could reference either a baptism or a sacrifice.

answer: The child drowns and the priest ignores his plea for help.

text: More background detail needs to be added to this to explain how and why the child was drowning.

refinement: The child is submerged in the water against his will, but it is unclear whether he survives or even whether he is meant to survive. The priest claims to be letting the child 'join the kingdom of the lord.' This could reference either a baptism or a sacrifice.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What imagery is prominent in the story?

answer: The imagery in this story is primarily focused on nature - the wind, footsteps and natural sounds. There are also images of a religious procession. The central image in this passage is the wind. It is everywhere, always carrying something or stirring something. The wind itself becomes a powerful symbol of life and motion, while also being something that passes by unnoticed.

answer: People drowning

text: This answer is completely off base and does not describe any imagery, but an action instead. This response needs to be completely re-written.

refinement: The imagery in this story is primarily focused on nature - the wind, footsteps and natural sounds. There are also images of a religious procession. The central image in this passage is the wind. It is everywhere, always carrying something or stirring something. The wind itself becomes a powerful symbol of life and motion, while also being something that passes by unnoticed.

answer: This story seems like a river of human emotion, but more literal than that.

text: This is a good response, but it does not address all of the actual imagery that is described in the story. The inclusion of the imagery elements in the story should be added to this response.

refinement: This story seems like a river of human emotion. The imagery in this story is primarily focused on nature - the wind, footsteps and natural sounds. There are also images of a religious procession. The central image in this passage is the wind. It is everywhere, always carrying something or stirring something. The wind itself becomes a powerful symbol of life and motion, while also being something that passes by unnoticed.

answer: The imagery in this story is primarily concerned with the wind--how it carries things and moves them around, but is itself not solid. Therefore, it is the various ways that the wind constitutes the larger story's imagery. The wind is present in moments of transition, such as when footsteps change from those upon the ground to that of the water. The wind is also predominant in moments of change and dissonance, such as that between how the child proceeds peacefully into the water, while the preacher enters in an uncontrolled manner. Finally, the wind is a force of isolation, being what separates the child from the large crowd of people. In essence, the wind is a defining part of the imagery of this scene.

answer: The intangible aspects of nature are personified for the second-person perspective of the story. These include particles of air moved by the wind and vibrations of sound waves that carry words, as well as silence and stillness; little pieces of awareness outside the human characters. Also present is strong religious imagery, seen in the pilgrims, the priest, the robes, and the hymns.