text:
	“What you got?” He looked around nervously, almost waiting for a Health Agent to come swinging down on a vine of nylon and swoop him away.
	The other person, a middle aged woman, looked just as, if not more nervous. “What you need?”
	Still nervous, the man knew just what he wanted. Crisco or, preferably, straight partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. Just one taste of the sick indulgence. The HAs will never know. “HVO?”  HVO, usually pronounced ho-vo, was slang for hydrogenated vegetable oil.
	“You know I gots that shit. Wait right here.” She lifted a dumpster lid nearby. Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines. She grabbed a small bottle of the oil and handed it to the man, he slid a fifty into her palm as she did.
	“I was just thinking,” the man said, “do you have any, you know, margarine?”
	“Used to be butter, now they say ya can’t eat margarine. Yeah, I got some right here.” She turned to her dumpster and reached into it for a stick of the only name brand on the shelf, Shedd’s Spread Country Crock, pre-ban packaging, of course.
	When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head. Blood sprayed from the wound as the skull caved in beneath the metal rod. A few bits of shattered bone sprayed into the air like impact ejecta, one of them bounced off the man’s cheek. She was dead before she hit the ground. Her body slumped sideways and fell to the wet concrete with a thud; blood began to pool around her head. Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face.
	At his feet the woman’s body jerked once. Probably just nerves, the man told himself continuing his gluttonous raid.
	An unexpected noise echoed from the end of the dark alley. He looked up. A silhouette stood, guarding the alley entrance, blocking his impending exit. “Hey! You!” The silhouette yelled.
	The man in front of the dumpster froze, looked down at the body and then at the man at the end of the alley. “Shit.” He knew it was an HA before he even heard his voice, an HA or another oil fiend. Probably both.
	“Hold it right there, junkie” The man began to approach, as he did, he drew his sidearm.
	Pack in hand, the man looked for an out. To his right only the solid brick wall of a pre-21st century building. His left, blocked by an agent of the Reorganized New York Police Department, Health Affairs Division. He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head.

title: The Ban - a short about a dystopian not-so-distant moment.

question: Why is the man killing the woman?

answer: The man is killing the woman to steal her stash of cooking oils, baked goods, potato chips, and margarines.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head."; "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that the man murdered the woman.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man was after her stash.

answer: The man is killing the woman in order to steal her cooking oils and other food items, as these items have become scarce and expensive due to the ban on hydrogenated vegetable oil.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head."; "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that the man murdered the woman.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man was after her stash.

text: "She lifted a dumpster lid nearby. Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines." points to the contraband and the measures taken to hide it.

answer: The man is killing the woman because he wants to steal her cooking oils.

text: "He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." proves that he wasn't after only the cooking oils, but also the rest of her stash. Include the other product(s) in the answer.

refinement: The man is killing the woman because he wants to steal her cooking oils and baked goods.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head."; "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that the man murdered the woman.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man was after her stash.

answer: He is killing her to steal her stash of cooking oils.

text: "He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." proves that he wasn't after only the cooking oils, but also the rest of her stash. Include the other product(s) in the answer.

refinement: He is killing her to steal her stash of cooking oils and baked goods.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head."; "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that the man murdered the woman.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man was after her stash.

question: Why is the man digging in the dumpster?

answer: He is looking for cooking oils.

text: "Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines. She grabbed a small bottle of the oil and handed it to the man, he slid a fifty into her palm as she did." proves that the stash belongs to the woman the man killed. Add a reference of the murdered woman to the answer.

refinement: He is looking for the woman's stash of cooking oils.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence of the reason for the man's search.

answer: The man is digging in the dumpster for the woman's stash of goods.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence of the reason for the man's search.

answer: The man is digging in the dumpster in order to find cooking oils and other food items that have been banned by the government. He is doing this because he is desperate for a taste of the forbidden.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence of the reason for the man's search.

text: "Still nervous, the man knew just what he wanted. Crisco or, preferably, straight partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. Just one taste of the sick indulgence." is evidence that he is looking for something prohibited.

text: "She lifted a dumpster lid nearby. Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines." points to the contraband and the measures taken to hide it.

answer: The man is digging in the dumpster because he is looking for cooking oils.

text: "Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines. She grabbed a small bottle of the oil and handed it to the man, he slid a fifty into her palm as she did." proves that the stash belongs to the woman the man killed. Add a reference of the murdered woman to the answer.

refinement: The man is digging in the dumpster because he is looking for the woman's stash of cooking oils.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence of the reason for the man's search.

question: Where are the man and the woman?

answer: The man and the woman are in an alley, with the man standing in front of a dumpster full of cooking oils and baked goods. A HA approaches and draws his weapon, forcing the man to consider his options. There is a fire escape above him, but it is too high to reach.

text: "An unexpected noise echoed from the end of the dark alley." is evidence that they are in an alley.

text: "She lifted a dumpster lid nearby. Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils." is evidence of the dumpster and its contents.

text: "The man in front of the dumpster froze, looked down at the body and then at the man at the end of the alley." gives the man's location relative to the dumpster.

text: "He knew it was an HA before he even heard his voice, an HA or another oil fiend. Probably both. 'Hold it right there, junkie' The man began to approach, as he did, he drew his sidearm." is evidence that the HA was there and that he threatened the man.

text: "Pack in hand, the man looked for an out." is evidence of the man's reaction.

text: "He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head." is evidence of his only proposed course of action.

answer: In an alley.

text: "An unexpected noise echoed from the end of the dark alley." is evidence that they are in an alley.

answer: The man and the woman are in some sort of dark alley.

text: "An unexpected noise echoed from the end of the dark alley." is evidence that they are in an alley.

answer: The man and the woman are in an alley.

text: "An unexpected noise echoed from the end of the dark alley." is evidence that they are in an alley.

question: What items is the man taking from the dumpster?

answer: The man is taking cooking oils, baked goods, potato chips, and margarines.

text: 'He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." proves that he only takes small bottles of oils and baked goods. He would probably have taken more if he had more time. Remove potato chips and margarines from the answer.

refinement: The man is taking cooking oils and baked goods.

text: "He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." is evidence of what the man is taking from the dumpster.

answer: The man is taking cooking oils and baked goods from the dumpster.

text: "He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." is evidence of what the man took from the dumpster.

answer: The man is taking cooking oils, baked goods, and margarine.

text: "'I was just thinking,” the man said, “do you have any, you know, margarine?' 'Used to be butter, now they say ya can’t eat margarine. Yeah, I got some right here.' She turned to her dumpster and reached into it for a stick of the only name brand on the shelf, Shedd’s Spread Country Crock, pre-ban packaging, of course." proves that he wanted margarine. "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head." proves that he killed her before she could give him the margarine. Remove margarine from the answer.

refinement: The man is taking cooking oils and baked goods.

text: "He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." is evidence of what the man took from the dumpster.

answer: Cooking oils, baked goods, potato chips, and margarines.

text: 'He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." proves that he only takes small bottles of oils and baked goods. He would probably have taken more if he had more time. Remove potato chips and margarines from the answer.

text: "He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods." is evidence of what the man took from the dumpster.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The Ban is a short story about a man who is caught stealing cooking oils and other food items from a dumpster. He is caught by a Health Agent and is forced to flee. He climbs up a fire escape and is shot in the leg.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head." is evidence of the man's assault of the woman. "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that she was killed by the attack. He is being caught for murder as well as stealing, add this to the answer.

refinement: The Ban is a short story about a man who is caught murdering a woman and stealing cooking oils and other food items from a dumpster. He is caught by a Health Agent and is forced to flee. He climbs up a fire escape and is shot in the leg.

text: "She lifted a dumpster lid nearby. Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines. She grabbed a small bottle of the oil and handed it to the man, he slid a fifty into her palm as she did." is proof that it is her stash that he robs. Add the fact that the murdered a woman to rob her to the answer.

refinement: The Ban is a short story about a man who is caught murdering a woman to steal her stash of contraband cooking oils and other food items from a dumpster. He is caught by a Health Agent and is forced to flee. He climbs up a fire escape and is shot in the leg.

text: "He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head." is evidence that the man was contemplating his escape at the end of the story. Update the ending of the answer to reflect this.

refinement: The Ban is a short story about a man who is caught murdering a woman to steal her stash of contraband cooking oils and other food items from a dumpster. He is caught by a Health Agent and is forced to flee. He considers climbing up a fire escape.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence of the man stealing.

text: "He knew it was an HA before he even heard his voice, an HA or another oil fiend. Probably both. 'Hold it right there, junkie' The man began to approach, as he did, he drew his sidearm. Pack in hand, the man looked for an out." is evidence that the man was caught.

answer: A man and a woman are meeting in a dark alley. The woman is selling the man cooking oil, and shows him her stash of illegal products, including baked goods, potato chips, and margarines. Suddenly, the man attacks her with a tire iron and kills her instantly. As he gathers up the woman's items, a Health Affairs police officer accosts him and tells him to freeze.

text: "Pack in hand, the man looked for an out. To his right only the solid brick wall of a pre-21st century building. His left, blocked by an agent of the Reorganized New York Police Department, Health Affairs Division. He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head." is proof that the man was looking for a way out and considers the fire escape as his best option. Add this to the end of the answer.

refinement: A man and a woman are meeting in a dark alley. The woman is selling the man cooking oil, and shows him her stash of illegal products, including baked goods, potato chips, and margarines. Suddenly, the man attacks her with a tire iron and kills her instantly. As he gathers up the woman's items, a Health Affairs police officer accosts him and tells him to freeze. The man tries to find a way out and considers the fire escape.

text: "An unexpected noise echoed from the end of the dark alley." is evidence that they are in a dark alley.

text: "HVO, usually pronounced ho-vo, was slang for hydrogenated vegetable oil. 'You know I gots that. Wait right here.'" is evidence that the woman was selling the man hydrogenated vegetable oil.

text: "She lifted a dumpster lid nearby. Wrapping the interior of the clean dumpster was a handmade storage shelf lined with bottle after bottle of cooking oils. Next to the rainbow of green and gold oils sat an assortment of baked goods, potato chips, pies and various off-brand margarines." is evidence of her stash that she reveals to the man.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head." is evidence of the man attacking the woman.

text: "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that she was killed.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man stole from the woman's stash.

text: "He knew it was an HA before he even heard his voice, an HA or another oil fiend. Probably both. 'Hold it right there, junkie' The man began to approach, as he did, he drew his sidearm." is evidence of the HA officer and his approach to the man.

answer: In a dystopian near-future, the government has banned all cooking oils and margarine, leaving those who still crave them to resort to desperate measures. In this short story, a man is caught trying to steal from a dumpster, and is shot by a HA agent. He is left with no escape, and is forced to face his fate.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head." is evidence of the man's assault of the woman. "She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that she was killed by the attack. He is being caught for murder as well as stealing, add this to the answer.

refinement: In a dystopian near-future, the government has banned all cooking oils and margarine, leaving those who still crave them to resort to desperate measures. In this short story, a man is caught committing murder to steal from a dumpster, and is shot by a HA agent. He is left with no escape, and is forced to face his fate.

text: "He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head." is evidence that the man was contemplating his escape at the end of the story. Update the ending of the answer to reflect this.

refinement: In a dystopian near-future, the government has banned all cooking oils and margarine, leaving those who still crave them to resort to desperate measures. In this short story, a man is caught committing murder to steal from a dumpster, and is told to freeze by an HA agent. He is left with no escape, and is forced to face his fate.

text: "The Ban - a short about a dystopian not-so-distant moment." is evidence of the time period the story is set.

text: "Still nervous, the man knew just what he wanted. Crisco or, preferably, straight partially hydrogenated vegetable oil. Just one taste of the sick indulgence. The HAs will never know." is evidence that it is contraband, the use of which is being controlled by the government.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man stole from the woman's stash.

text: "He knew it was an HA before he even heard his voice, an HA or another oil fiend. Probably both. 'Hold it right there, junkie' The man began to approach, as he did, he drew his sidearm." is evidence of the HA officer and his approach to the man.

text: "Pack in hand, the man looked for an out. To his right only the solid brick wall of a pre-21st century building. His left, blocked by an agent of the Reorganized New York Police Department, Health Affairs Division. He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head." is proof that he doesn't have good options for escape.

answer: A man and a woman are exchanging goods in an alley. The man kills the woman and takes her goods. He is caught by a HA, who tells him to freeze. The man tries to escape, but there is nowhere to go.

text: "'What you got?' He looked around nervously, almost waiting for a Health Agent to come swinging down on a vine of nylon and swoop him away. The other person, a middle aged woman, looked just as, if not more nervous. 'What you need?' Still nervous, the man knew just what he wanted." is evidence of the exchange taking place between the man and the woman.

text: "She grabbed a small bottle of the oil and handed it to the man, he slid a fifty into her palm as she did." is evidence of the exchange of goods.

text: "When she turned around, the man saw his opportunity. He quietly removed his weapon from beneath his coat, then turned and swung the tire iron down, hard, across the back of her head."; " She was dead before she hit the ground." is evidence that the man killed the woman.

text: "He knew it was an HA before he even heard his voice, an HA or another oil fiend. Probably both. 'Hold it right there, junkie' The man began to approach, as he did, he drew his sidearm." is evidence the the HA agent confronted him.

text: "Pack in hand, the man looked for an out. To his right only the solid brick wall of a pre-21st century building. His left, blocked by an agent of the Reorganized New York Police Department, Health Affairs Division. He glanced up, a fire escape dangled precariously from the side of another brick building. The ladder was at least four feet over his head." is evidence that the man is looking for a way out.

text: "Ravenous, the man hurried to the dumpster, which still stood open. He peered in. The oils lined the sides of the container. Christmas morning tinseled with liquid gold. He took the pack from his shoulders and began filling it with the small bottles and baked goods. A huge smile creased his face." is evidence that the man stole from the woman's stash.


split: train

text:
ROBERT 'BOB' JAMES MCCASKILL (27 September 1895 – 23 June 1952) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the 1920s and coached both North Melbourne and Hawthorn.

Early life

Born in Cobram in 1895, McCaskill spent his childhood growing up around Numurkah near Shepparton, Victoria. It was here that he learnt to play the cornet. He was also a fast running wingman and in 1914 his team, Shepparton, lost the Goulburn Valley Football League grand final.

In December 1915 with the fighting in Europe during World War I McCaskill enlisted in Shepparton only to be discharged in May 1916 for synovitis of the knee. He was issued with the service number 36704. He travelled to Royal Park in Melbourne in September 1916 to enlist again with the Australian Army. He was passed fit on this occasion. He fought in Europe rising to the rank of Sergeant. He returned to Australia in June 1919.

Playing career

After the war McCaskill returned to Shepparton where he re-established his business. He began to play football again after a time spend as an umpire. Strong performances while playing for Shepparton in the GVFL he was under the attention of the Richmond Club. At the age of 27 he got a permit to play with Richmond in June 1923. McCaskill was a centreman while at Richmond and played finals football in 1924 with his side eventually finishing second in that year's unique round robin format.

After leaving Richmond he accepted a position at the Bendigo YMCA as secretary. Richmond refused to clear him so he stood out of football for the year.

McCaskill joined Sandhurst, but he wasn't allowed to play the first year of his coaching. He had a lot of success as coach in the Bendigo Football League club, leading them to premierships in 1927, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1939 & 1940.

Coaching career

The outbreak of the Second World War, he again enlisted in 1940 and led the Southern Command Band at Royal Park and later became an Army Amenities Officer. This meant he relocated to Melbourne and the North Melbourne club offered he their coaching position. For most of the 1940s he was the coach of North Melbourne and in 1947 became the first to coach 100 games for the club. They finished the 1945 home and away season in third but lost to Carlton in the first Semi Final thus being eliminated.

He finished his coaching career with a stint at Hawthorn, McCaskill walked into a meeting in the Club's secretary office and announced “Gentlemen, I've decided that I am going to be the coach of Hawthorn Football Club”.[1]

The first decision McCaskill made was to change the jumper from brown with a gold vee to brown and gold vertical stripes, he thought that the change would make the players look bigger and huskier. McCaskill as coach also wanted to make changes to the playing group, starting with Kevin Curran to be captain. Outgoing captain-coach Alec Albiston was angry as he was told by a member of the board that he would remain as captain. Brownlow Medallist Col Austen sided with Albiston and a split occurred. The board sided with the new coach and gave Albiston and Austen open clearances. Without the club’s best two players, the team did not win a match in 1950 but won 4 in 1951.

Late in 1951 McCaskill's health began to fail, in and out of hospital he wasn't well enough to continue coaching, his assistant Jack Hale was appointed caretaker coach in the hope Bob would recover. He died at home on 23 June 1952.[2][3]

Outside Football

A musically gifted man, he could play the cornet. McCaskill was recorded as a Bandmaster when he enlisted with The Army. Later in life McCaskill lead the Bendigo Citizens Band to an Australian championship.

[1] The Hard Way, page 86.

[2]

[3] [http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/205402367?searchTerm=bob%20mccaskill%20coach&searchLimits=l-decade=195|||l-year=1952 Well known coach dies, The Argus, 24 June 1952]

title: Bob McCaskill

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize McCaskill's transition from playing to coaching.

answer: McCaskill was able to play football due to a permit being granted when other club members took notice of him for his strong performances for Shepparton in the GVFL. After leaving Richmond, he joined the Bendigo YMCA as a secretary and took no part in the sport for a year. He was able to coach the Bendigo Football League club where he led them to many victories in the lead-up to World War 2, but the scores during the war season were much less memorable. His health started to fail him, but he still took to up coaching North Melbourne. His team did not win a match in 1950, but in 1951 they won 4 games. Later on in life, McCoy was able to lead the Bendigo Citizens Band to an Australian championship.

text: Last line is irrelevant

refinement: McCaskill was able to play football due to a permit being granted when other club members took notice of him for his strong performances for Shepparton in the GVFL. After leaving Richmond, he joined the Bendigo YMCA as a secretary and took no part in the sport for a year. He was able to coach the Bendigo Football League club where he led them to many victories in the lead-up to World War 2, but the scores during the war season were much less memorable. His health started to fail him, but he still took to up coaching North Melbourne. His team did not win a match in 1950, but in 1951 they won 4 games.

answer: McCaskill retired from playing football in 1925. He joined the Bendigo YMCA as the secretary. He ascended to a position at Sandhurst, where he wasn't allowed to play football his first year of coaching.

answer: McCaskill transitioned from playing football to coaching in the 1940s. Initially he coached North Melbourne and then later took on a coaching job at Hawthorn. During his coaching career, McCaskill changed the team's jumper design and had a difficult split with the club's captain-coach Alec Albiston. Eventually McCaskill's health deteriorated and his assistant coach took over while he was sick. McCaskill died in June 1952.

text: In the 1920s

refinement: McCaskill transitioned from playing football to coaching in the 1920s. Initially he coached in the Bendigo Football League Club. After WWII he coached North Melbourne and then later took on a coaching job at Hawthorn. During this time, McCaskill changed the team's jumper design and had a difficult split with the club's captain-coach Alec Albiston. Eventually McCaskill's health deteriorated and his assistant coach took over while he was sick. McCaskill died in June 1952.

answer: McCaskill was playing football sporadically in Shepparton following the war when he was scouted and picked up by the Richmond Club. It is not clear why Richmond refused to "clear" McCaskill to continue to play in the mid 1920s, but McCaskill would go on to accept a secretary position at the Bendigo YMCA. It might have been that he first accepted the position, and that is why they would not let him play. Either way, he transitioned into coaching for the Bendigo Football League Club and lead them into many premierships from 1927-1940.

answer: McCaskill evolved from a football player to a coach after World War I. He was offered a coaching position at North Melbourne and later, at Hawthorn. McCaskill wanted to make changes to the playing groups and was also musically gifted. His coaching career was cut short by illness, passing away in June 1952.


text:
Friendship: A Dying Act

There is no longer any hope for mankind. What once was a natural instinct is now considered a physical strain. It seems as though the true meaning of the word "friend" has be altered, manipulated, and transformed into something that is hardly recognizable now. What does this mean? Friendship is dead.

Few people actually know what it means to be a "true friend". Some might argue that most people never knew to begin with; this is a sad truth. People in the modern society of today are facing too many difficult problems to focus on something as minuscule as "friendship". What problems could one possibly possess that would restrain them from participating in a ritual as old as time? It's hard to know where to start.

Most of those occupying the earth today will never truly understand the real meaning of friendship. They will not experience the joys and pains that accompany such a rare relationship. They will not even attempt to devote themselves to their friendship for fear of jeopardizing their own precious lives. It is easy to assume people today have many flaws that contribute to a lack of this understanding. People are selfish, focusing only on what is best for them. Few have any respect or regard for others. The concept of friendship is foreign to this type of bunch. Never will the self-centered people of our time understand friendship. The idea of putting someone else first is revolting. Why would anyone find joy in helping others when they can simply help themselves and receive better results?

Friendship is dead. It is a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean. The waves that crash the landmark represent time. As the water passes by, it chips the edges of the boulder. Eventually, the rocky sculpture begins to erode and fade. The edges softening more and more with each hard blow, until the rock ceases to exist all together. All that is left are the remains of something that was once great, something so beautiful to look at and admire. The same can be said for friendships. The more time passes, the weaker the bond gets. Careless people of the new age, contemporary society are contributing to the casualty as well. There is no longer any hope for mankind.

A friendship so special, so rare in the world today should be admired and acknowledged. Instead, it is often questioned even criticized. No one will understand a type of friendship that provides hope and support. A type of unspoken bond that assures friends would do anything and everything for each other. There is no end to kindness. True friends recognize the other's needs before they are made public. They offer to help, simply because they receive joy and happiness from the act. There is no selfishness because real friends put the other person first; it is automatic. Such a unique relationship provides support that is hard to find otherwise. A true friendship is not in the words spoken, but those that are left unsaid. This friendship lies within implied messages. Real friends can sit in silence because they enjoy each other's company. The lack of sound and conversation is filled with unspoken truth and a bond that cannot be broken. Friends are content just being near each other.

This type of relationship used to exist, though it seems like many decades have passed since then. Gone are real friendships. They have been replaced by fake impostors. Selfish two-faced people have ruined the concept. Real friends are always there for one another, no matter the circumstances. People now tend to jump ship at the first sight of rough water. Instead of repaired the minor hole in their boat, they ignore it. Eventually the hole grows with the lack of attention. Then water fills the deck, dooming those still aboard. Boats sink, just as friendships fail.

The dying act of true friendships and meaningful relationships can still be saved. Few still exist, proving that not all hope is currently lost. People can change their ways, improve their relationships, and live an optimistic life. Whether that happens or not, will remain an unanswered question. The power of change is there; it is up to the people to decide how they use it. Ask not what your friends can do for you, but what you can do for your friends.

title: Friendship: A Dying Act

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe the imagery in the passage related to rock.

answer: The imagery in the passage regarding rock is representative of friendship. The rock is strong and once stood proud, but it has now eroded and faded. The image of the rock illustrates the loss of true friendship in modern society. The strength and beauty of the rock has been diminished by careless people who fail to maintain their friendships. The rock is symbolic of friendship in its current state, and it paints a bleak picture.

answer: The imagery of rock in the passage is that it is an aging and weakening symbol of friendship, once great, now wasted away by time and carelessness. The waves that crash into the rock chip away at its edges until, eventually, it ceases to exist entirely. The rock is a symbol of what has become of friendship in the modern era - an artifact in the ocean that eventually dissolves under the waves of time.

answer: The narrator describes friendship as "a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean." The use of the word awkwardly here may suggest the narrator's social woes. The rock sculpture begins to fade as water "passes it by", an interesting way to describe erosion reminiscent of the difficulty of making social connections in a busy world. Then it begins to erode and fade, with the edges softening until the rock ceases to exist altogether. The metaphor evokes feelings of sadness, isolation and loneliness, all emotions the narrator is clearly struggling with.

text: The answer assumes the author is having trouble with feelings of isolation and sadness. It also assumes the narrator has problems socializing. These aren't claims made by the author or even strongly implied.

refinement: The narrator describes friendship as "a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean." The rock sculpture begins to fade as water "passes it by", an interesting way to describe erosion reminiscent of the difficulty of making social connections in a busy world. Then it begins to erode and fade, with the edges softening until the rock ceases to exist altogether.

answer: In the passage, it is said that the concept of friendship is a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean, the waves that continuously crash and bang it represent the time. As the water passes by, it chips the edges and ends up eroding the edges more and more. Despite the rock eroding, there are still a few solid chunks left, which are thought to be friendships. However it is not clear if these chunks that are left still exist and are just in my mindset or if they have actually eroded, which makes the reader question the true reality of these chunks left.

text: The answer goes off the rails after saying there are a few solid chunks left of the rock that was friendship. It makes up claims and incoherent ideas.

refinement: In the passage, it is said that the concept of friendship is a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean, the waves that continuously crash and bang it represent the time. As the water passes by, it chips the edges and ends up eroding the edges more and more.

answer:
"Friendship is dead.
It is a rock awkwardly positioned in the ocean.""
"It seems as though the true meaning of the word "friend" has be altered, manipulated, and transformed into something that is hardly recognizable now. What does this mean? Friendship is dead."
"The edges softening more and more with each hard blow, until the rock ceases to exist all together. All that is left are the remains of something that was once great, something so beautiful to look at and admire."

text: The answer offers quotes instead of simply answering. It should rephrase the content of the quotes it contains for a proper answer.

refinement: The rock stands for friendship, getting eroded by the waves of the ocean, which represents time. The author uses the metaphor of the eroding rock to convey the idea that friendship is dying.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What experience can one infer the narrator is having, accompanied by what emotions?

answer: The narrator is experiencing sadness and disillusionment. Friendship is sparse, rare, and dying. The notion of finding true friends has fallen by the way side. Instead, what exists is fake relationships, both in terms of form and substance. The erosion of genuine friendship has left the narrator feeling disillusioned.

text: "Instead, what exists is fake relationships, both in terms of form and substance." The phrase "in terms of form and substance" is unclear. I can be taken out without compromising the answer.

refinement: The narrator is experiencing sadness and disillusionment. Friendship is sparse, rare, and dying. The notion of finding true friends has fallen by the way side. Instead, what exists is fake relationships. The erosion of genuine friendship has left the narrator feeling disillusioned.

answer: One can infer the narrator is lonely. This is due to the fact that they feel not only are they unable to find a true friend, they believe that friendship itself has vanished from society at large. The narrator must be very lonely personally, but uses their personal emotion to decry the state of decay of the entire society. They believe that friendship existed "decades ago" but now it is no more.

answer: It seems that the narrator is troubled by a series of difficulties. The troubles can't be removed, yet they still need to get on with the day. There's a sense of frustration matched by hopelessness and unaccountable sadness.

text: The answer is vague and includes made-up portions. It should be re-written.

refinement: The narrator is experiencing sadness and disillusionment. Friendship is sparse, rare, and dying. The notion of finding true friends has fallen by the way side. Instead, what exists is fake relationships. The erosion of genuine friendship has left the narrator feeling disillusioned.

answer: Based on the passage, the narrator is likely experiencing regret and sadness. The narrator feels that true friendship has died because people in modern society focus on solving their difficult problems instead of trying to devote themselves to relationships. The only hope is for those few still practicing meaningful relationships. The emotion felt is sadness because of the loss of something so beautiful and special.

text: The feeling of regret isn't in the text. Sadness can be inferred.

refinement: Based on the passage, the narrator is likely experiencing sadness. The narrator feels that true friendship has died because people in modern society focus on solving their difficult problems instead of trying to devote themselves to relationships. The only hope is for those few still practicing meaningful relationships. The emotion felt is sadness because of the loss of something so beautiful and special.

answer: The narrator feels powerless yet determined to salvage what a friend once was and believes is possible to be again.

text: The answer is mostly irrelevant to the text and meaningless. It should be re-written.

refinement: One can infer the narrator is lonely. This is due to the fact that they feel not only are they unable to find a true friend, they believe that friendship itself has vanished from society at large. The narrator must be very lonely personally, but uses their personal emotion to decry the state of decay of the entire society. They believe that friendship existed "decades ago" but now it is no more.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the narrator recommend we do to "save friendship"?

answer: The narrator recommends we change to improve our relationships. He brings up the question of whether people will change their ways or not.

text: The last sentence is irrelevant.

refinement: The narrator recommends we change to improve our relationships.

text: The answer omits other ideas the author mentions that can fix the lack of friendships.

refinement: The narrator recommends we change to improve our relationships. This means putting friends before personal gains, living an optimistic life, and asking what we can do for our friends instead of what they can do for us.

answer: They do not expressly recommend anything

text: The answer is wrong. The question can be answered based on the text.

refinement: The narrator recommends we change to improve our relationships. This means putting friends before personal gains, living an optimistic life, and asking what we can do for our friends instead of what they can do for us.

answer: The narrator recommends working to make meaningful friendships and relationships. The first step in doing this is to improve oneself, recognizing the importance of these relationships. Next, the importance of a friendship must be made more apparent, encouraging people to reach out and invest in those relationships. Lastly, it is important to realize friendship at its core is built upon kindness and understanding. Spending time with friends and making effort is essential to maintaining these relationships. Only by putting in effort can we hope to save friendship from its inevitable death.

text: The answer, while cogent, isn't really based on the text. The question should be answered again, based on the text this time.

refinement: The narrator recommends we change to improve our relationships. This means putting friends before personal gains, living an optimistic life, and asking what we can do for our friends instead of what they can do for us.

answer: The narrator suggests that people should try to improve their relationships in order to save true friendship from dying out. By looking at another's needs before one's own, by putting others first, and by fostering a feeling of genuine connection, the narrator believes that friendships can be preserved.

answer: The narrator recommends that to "save friendship" we change our ways to improve our relationships. It says that whether that happens or not will remain an "unanswered question." The only concrete thing the narrator recommends is a version of Franklin Delano Roosevelt's speech "ask not what your friends can do for you but what you can do for your friends" — apparently cautioning us against self-absorption.

text: The only concrete thing isn't to put friends first. Additionally, the quote's origins are made up.

refinement: The narrator recommends that to "save friendship" we change our ways to improve our relationships. It says that whether that happens or not will remain an "unanswered question." The author recommends putting friends before personal gain, paying attention to friendships when they need patching up, and living an optimistic life.

text: The "unanswered question" sentence is irrelevant.

refinement: The narrator recommends that to "save friendship" we change our ways to improve our relationships. The author recommends putting friends before personal gain, paying attention to friendships when they need patching up, and living an optimistic life.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe the style of the essay.

answer: The essay is descriptive in nature and uses descriptive language to illustrate the current state and fate of friendships in today's society. The tone is gloomy as the author views friendship as something that has died off in today's culture.

answer: The style of this essay is analytical and pessimistic. The author expresses a bleak and negative view of modern society, remarking heavily on the lack of true friendships that exist now. The essay uses evidence from the present situation to support its position that friendship has died. The tone is depressing and pessimistic.

text: The essay isn't analytical. It doesn't use evidence. It's an opinion piece.

refinement: The essay is an opinion piece. The author expresses a bleak and negative view of modern society, remarking heavily on the lack of true friendships that exist now. The tone is depressing and pessimistic.

answer: The essay is written in a paradoxical way that makes it unclear what the narrator hopes to accomplish with the piece.

text: The answer is irrelevant and confusing.

refinement: The essay is an opinion piece. The author expresses a bleak and negative view of modern society, remarking heavily on the lack of true friendships that exist now. The tone is depressing and pessimistic.

answer: The style is descriptive, personal, and conversational. The author conveys their opinions clearly, using descriptions to help that along. The opinion is strongly held and personal from the perspective of someone who seems to have been affected or involved in this topic, because the last paragraph begins with "few still exist, proving that not all hope is currently lost." Meaning the author does not consider their opinions universal, but only relevant to their own life or their circles.

answer: The style of the essay is baroque and dramatic. Imagery relating to the sea is used. The narrator writes about an element of human life with an immense amount of chiaroscuro. "There is no longer any hope for mankind." It is clear that the narrator is lonely and is having trouble finding a friend. However, the style of the piece is a bit over-the-top, generalizing their own suffering to a kind of apocalypse of friendship. Generally, this kind of affect would be called "purple prose," although it is true social relations have suffered in modern times.

text: The answer is broadly nonsense except for a few parts where it directly references the text. It should be re-written.

refinement: The style is descriptive, personal, and conversational. The author conveys their opinions clearly, using descriptions to help that along. The opinion is strongly held and personal from the perspective of someone who seems to have been affected or involved in this topic, because the last paragraph begins with "few still exist, proving that not all hope is currently lost." Meaning the author does not consider their opinions universal, but only relevant to their own life or their circles.


text:
MANHATTAN, Kan. (AP) — A black Kansas man has admitted he put racist graffiti on his own car as a Halloween prank that got out of hand, police said Monday.

Photographs posted on social media Wednesday showed the car covered with racial slurs against blacks and messages that included “Go Home,” ″Date your own kind,” and “Die.”

The vehicle, covered in graffiti scrawled with washable paint, was parked Wednesday at an apartment complex near Kansas State University and the incident fueled racial tensions at the university and in the community.

An emergency meeting of the Black Student Union called that evening drew concerned administrators and community leaders as well as students. Kansas State held a Facebook Live event the next day with worried parents. The university stepped up patrols on campus. The FBI opened a civil rights investigation into a possible hate crime.

But on Monday the Riley County Police Department issued a news release saying the 21-year-old owner of the vehicle, Dauntarius Williams, had told investigators that he was responsible for the graffiti.

Authorities concluded that charging him for filing a false report would “not be in the best interests of the citizens” of Manhattan.

Even the possibility of a hate crime has a big impact on the fabric of daily lives, and “we want to acknowledge that people felt anger and pain as a result of pictures and words that they saw,” Kansas State University spokesman Jeff Morris said Monday in a phone interview. “Those are very real responses.”

Given the climate in the country, the university plans to continue its stepped up patrols and its review into whether more cameras are needed to enhance safety on campus.

“The incident maybe wasn’t real — the emotions were,” Morris said.

Police said Williams was “genuinely remorseful and expressed sincere regret” that his actions resulted in negative media attention, and the agency issued a statement from him in their release in which he apologized to the community.

“The whole situation got out of hand when it shouldn’t have even started,” Williams said. It was just a Halloween prank that got out of hand. I wish I could go back to that night but I can’t. I just want to apologize from the bottom of my heart for the pain and news I have brought you all.”

Police said they recognized the difficulties the case created.

“While William’s mistake had a decidedly negative impact on the community, please recognize that he, like many of us when we were young, is a young man who made a mistake and is now doing his best to own up to it,” said Brad Schoen, director of the Riley County Police Department.

The hoax came on the heels of a string of incidents at the school.

Last month, an anti-gay slur was found outside the university student union. In September, white supremacist fliers were found on campus. And in May, a noose was found hanging from a campus tree. No arrests have been made in these incidents.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why did Dauntarius Williams graffiti his own car with racial slurs?

answer: As a Halloween prank.

answer: It was a prank that got out of hand causing concern.

answer: Williams put the racial slurs on his own car as a prank that got out of hand.

answer: Williams did so as a Halloween prank that got out of hand.

answer: As a Halloween prank.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why were community members so thoroughly affected?

answer: Racism still remains a hot issue worldwide.

answer: There had been a string of events with similar bigoted origins as of late.

answer: Maybe their emotions were strong.

text: Unnecessary inclusion of doubt, we can infer the reason based on the passage.

refinement: Racism remains a hot button issue, and there had been a string of similarly bigoted events at the school.

answer: Members of the community were likely affected by the racist graffiti on the car because of the climate in the country. The graffiti likely raised concerns about potential hate crimes and safety on campus.

answer: Community members were so thoroughly affected by the racial graffiti because it created a tense climate at Kansas State University and provoked concerns that a possible hate crime had taken place. Members of the Black Student Union, administrators, and community leaders, were particularly concerned by the incident and gathered in an emergency meeting in response. The FBI even opened a civil rights investigation into the crime. Given the current climate in the country, people felt anger and pain at the sight of the graffiti on the car. The possibility of a hate crime heightened their concern.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What happened to the FBI investigation?

answer: It was dropped after Williams stepped forward.

answer: The FBI ceased its investigation into the incident due to the fact that the owner of the car admitted to making the racist graffiti himself.

answer: More information is needed to answer the question.

text: The answer is available in the passage.

refinement: The FBI investigation was dropped after William stepped forward.

answer: The FBI officially canceled their investigation into a possible hate crime after Dauntarius Williams admitted to having spray painted his own vehicle.

answer: It was closed, as the police felt that charging the man for filing a false report would not be in the best interests of the citizens of Manhattan.

text: Misleading, this is not the reason.

refinement: It was dropped when Williams stepped forward.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Was Williams charged?

answer: No.

answer: Possibly. The officer who said that said that charging him would be in the community's best interests.

text: Incorrect.

answer: No, Williams was not charged. He admitted to having put racist graffiti on his own car as a Halloween prank.

answer: It appears not.

answer: No. Williams has admitted to putting racist graffiti on his own car as a Halloween prank, and police have announced that they do not intend to charge him for filing a false report.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Black Kansas man Dauntarius Williams admitted he put racist graffiti on his own car as a Halloween prank that got out of hand. When the entire community around him, especially students at Kansas State University, became upset at the photos of the car, Williams came forward. It was the latest in a string of bigoted incidents at KSU. No charges were filed.

answer: A 21-year-old black Kansas man admitted Halloween prank resulted in racist graffiti being placed on his own car. The incident had created tension on Kansas State University's campus, and had even attracted the attention of the FBI, but the man now admits he perpetrated the hoax. The police plan to not charge the man as they believe doing so would not be in the best interests of the citizens of Manhattan.

answer: It's Halloween when the incident in which a black Kansas man has put racist graffiti on his own car gets out of hand. The media reports it as a hate crime that fueled racial tensions at the university and in the community. The owner, Dauntarius Williams, is arrested for filing a false report. He apologized for his prank and everyone else, and police acknowledged his mistake.

answer: A black Kansas man, Dauntarius Williams, has admitted he put racist graffiti on his own vehicle as a Halloween prank that got out of hand. Williams apologized to the community for the negative attention and police decided not to charge him with filing a false report. While the hoax has had a large impact on the community, it appears authorities are now moving on.

answer: A black Kansas man, Dauntarius Williams, put racist graffiti on his own car as a Halloween prank that got out of hand. Williams put racist slogans on his car. The mischief lasted only a few hours, as residents of the local community noticed the car and alerted the police. Initially, the incident was treated as a hate crime and an investigation was opened, but Williams confessed he was behind the whole thing.


text:
It has been traditionally believed that any U.S. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY ACTIVITY IN CANADA would be undertaken with the “general consent” of the Canadian government, and through the 1950s information was freely given to the CIA in return for information from the United States.[1][2] However, traditionally Canada has refused to voice any anger even when it was clear that the CIA was operating without any authorisation.[3]

Apologists have noted that Canada was vital to CIA operations as it "physically occupied the territory between the United States and the Soviet Union.[4] However, on May 28, 1975 Solicitor General Warren Allmand directed the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) to begin investigating the levels of CIA involvement in Canadian affairs.[5]

Today, the country continues to cooperate with the CIA, enabling their black sites, allowing ghost planes to land and refuel in Canada, en route to delivering prisoners to unknown locations.[6] The Canadian counterpart of the CIA is the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) and its agency heavily cooperates with the CIA.

Project MKULTRA

The CIA convinced the Allan Memorial Institute to allow a series of mind control tests on nine patients in the Montreal school, as part of their ongoing Project MKULTRA.[7]

The experiments were exported to Canada when the CIA recruited Scottish psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron, creator of the “psychic driving” concept, which the CIA found particularly interesting. Cameron had been hoping to correct schizophrenia by erasing existing memories and reprogramming the psyche. He commuted from Albany, New York to Montreal every week and was paid $69,000 from 1957 to 1964 to carry out MKULTRA experiments there. In addition to LSD, Cameron also experimented with various paralytic drugs as well as electroconvulsive therapy at thirty to forty times the normal power. His “driving” experiments consisted of putting subjects into drug-induced coma for weeks at a time (up to three months in one case) while playing tape loops of noise or simple repetitive statements. His experiments were typically carried out on patients who had entered the institute for minor problems such as anxiety disorders and postpartum depression, many of whom suffered permanently from his actions.[8] His treatments resulted in victims' incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents, and thinking their interrogators were their parents.[9][10]

When lawsuits commenced in 1986, the Canadian government denied having any knowledge that Cameron was being sponsored by the CIA.[11]

Possible manipulation of political affairs

When the Avro Arrow aerospace program was cancelled in 1959, many believed that the CIA was partly responsible, fearing Canadian intrusion into aerospace dominance.[12]

In 1961, the CIA wrote an intelligence estimate titled “Trends in Canadian Foreign Policy” which suggested that the Progressive Conservative government of John Diefenbaker “might take Canada in a divergent direction” and seek “a more independent foreign policy” and suggested that a return of the Liberal Party might “soften the Canadian resistance to the storage of nuclear weapons on Canadian soil”.[13] In 1967, Prime Minister Lester Pearson announced he would investigate the allegations of the CIA helping him oust Diefenbaker.[14]

In 1982, Canadian Member of Parliament Svend Robinson accused the CIA of infiltrating the RCMP and funnelling political contributions to favoured politicians in provincial elections from 1970-76.[15] The information seemed to arise from John H. Meier, an aide to Howard Hughes, but a secret investigation turned up no evidence of such a conspiracy.[16] The RCMP allegations dated back to 1977, when it was shown that they were “linked” closely to the CIA.[17]

Later development

By 1964, the CIA also closely monitored the Canadian wheat industry, as the United States hoped to sell wheat to the Soviet bloc countries[18] When the American embassy was seized by Iranian students in 1979, Canadian diplomat Kenneth D. Taylor was made the “de facto CIA Station Chief” in the country, but kept his new position secret from Canadians.[19]

An indication of the United States' close operational cooperation with Canada is the creation of a new message distribution label within the main US military communications network. Previously, the marking of NOFORN (i.e., ) required the originator to specify which, if any, non-US countries could receive the information. A new handling caveat, , used primarily on intelligence messages, gives an easier way to indicate that the material can be shared with the Five Eyes members.[20]

Aware that the Canadian Khadr family knew valuable intelligence about the inner workings of al Qaeda, the CIA hired Abdurahman Khadr to act as an informant and infiltrate Islamist circles.[21] The CIA also paid the Pakistani government $500,000 to capture and interrogate his older brother, Abdullah Khadr, ostensibly torturing him to secure answers and confessions.[22]

As of 2006, Canada had allowed 76 CIA flights to use the country's airbases, primarily in Nunavut and Labrador, to carry prisoners from the War on Terror to black sites overseas.[23]

[1] Vienneau, David. Toronto Star, “No secrets hidden from CIA in 1950s, former official says”, April 14, 1986

[2] Canadian Institute of International Affairs, “International Journal, 1972”

[3] Sawatsky, John. “Men in the Shadows: The RCMP Security Service”, 1980. p. 5

[4]

[5] Buncher, Judith F. “The CIA and the Security Debate”, 1976

[6] _USA Today_, Declassified memos show 74 CIA air landings in Canada, February 23, 2006

[7] Cawley, Janet. Chicago Tribune, Brainwash tests in '57 haunt CIA, June 1, 1986

[8] Marks 1979: pp 140–150.

[9]

[10]

[11] Vienneau, David. Toronto Star, Ottawa unaware CIA funded tests, new report says, May 8, 1986

[12] Nickerson, Colin. _The Boston Globe_, How Canadian fighter plane fell to earth, January 12, 1997

[13] Thompson, John Herd. “Canada and the United States: Ambivalent Allies”, p. 217

[14] _The New York Times_, Canada to check hint of meddling by CIA in 62-63, March 2, 1967

[15] Ward, Peter. _The Boston Globe_, “Canada: CIA Probed”, May 23, 1982

[16] _The Christian Science Monitor_, Canada says study of CIA shows no vote rigging

[17] Trumbull, Robert. _The New York Times_, Mounties of Canada are linked with CIA, November 25, 1977

[18] Mount, Graeme Stewart. Canada's Enemies", p. 117

[19] Valpy, Michael. _The Globe and Mail_, Canada's man in Tehran was a CIA spy, January 23, 2010

[20]

[21] CBC, CIA paid me to spy, Abdurahman Khadr, March 5, 2004

[22] Shepherd, Michelle, _Toronto Star_, Abdullah Khadr must be extradited to U.S., government lawyers argue, April 9, 2010

[23]

title: CIA activities in Canada

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the controversies relating to Project MKULTRA.

answer: Experiments were conducted as part of Project MKULTRA by Scottish psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute in Toronto. Cameron used LSD and various paralytic drugs as well as electroconvulsive therapy at thirty to forty times the normal power on patients who had entered the institute for minor problems such as anxiety disorders and postpartum depression. The patients had lasting effects like incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents and thinking interrogators were their parents. Cameron was the creator of 'psychic driving' where he put patients into drug-induced coma for weeks at a time while playing tape loops of noise or simple repetitive statements. Legal action was taken by survivors and their families.

answer: The CIA convinced the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal to allow a series of mind control experiments in the 1950s as part of Project MKULTRA. These experiments, including LSD use, resulted in victims suffering from incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, and thinking their interrogators were their parents. The CIA also monitored the Canadian wheat industry and was involved in efforts to oust Prime Minister John Diefenbaker. The CIA also paid the Pakistani government to capture and interrogate Abdullah Khadr in an effort to extract information about al Qaeda. Lastly, Canada has allowed 76 CIA flights to use its airbases to transport prisoners to black sites.

text: Only a small portion of the response answers the question (first two sentences). The response needs to be a summary of the MKULTRA project and nothing else.

refinement: Experiments were conducted as part of Project MKULTRA by Scottish psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute in Toronto. Cameron used LSD and various paralytic drugs as well as electroconvulsive therapy at thirty to forty times the normal power on patients who had entered the institute for minor problems such as anxiety disorders and postpartum depression. The patients had lasting effects like incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents and thinking interrogators were their parents. Cameron was the creator of 'psychic driving' where he put patients into drug-induced coma for weeks at a time while playing tape loops of noise or simple repetitive statements. Legal action was taken by survivors and their families.

answer: Project MKULTRA was a program of mind control experiments commissioned by the CIA in the 1950s. Canadian institutions were used in some of these experiments, to the dismay of Canadian citizens and government officials. The program raised concerns about manipulation of political affairs. There are also controversies about CIA flights refueling in Canada, enabling prisoner transport without Canadian knowledge.

text: The last sentence is not about MKULTRA. Also, the passage provides plenty of details about MKULTRA to create a summary that is more than just a general statement.

refinement: Experiments were conducted as part of Project MKULTRA by Scottish psychiatrist Donald Ewen Cameron at the Allan Memorial Institute in Toronto. Cameron used LSD and various paralytic drugs as well as electroconvulsive therapy at thirty to forty times the normal power on patients who had entered the institute for minor problems such as anxiety disorders and postpartum depression. The patients had lasting effects like incontinence, amnesia, forgetting how to talk, forgetting their parents and thinking interrogators were their parents. Cameron was the creator of 'psychic driving' where he put patients into drug-induced coma for weeks at a time while playing tape loops of noise or simple repetitive statements. Legal action was taken by survivors and their families.

answer: Nine patients at the Montreal school were subjected to mind control tests by the CIA at the behest of project MKULTRA. The consortium promised that they could erase existing memories and reprogram the psyche through hypnosis but it led to the institutionalization of nine patients and left them disabled for the remainder of their lives. This caused lawsuits against MKULTra but the Canadian government refused to admit any knowledge of the activities of the CIA.

answer: The CIA used the Allan Memorial Institute to conduct mind control tests between 1953 and 1964. They specifically hired foreign psychiatrists to come over and experiment with students in Montreal. These experiments have been attributed to brainwash, erasing memories and reprogramming the mind. They also experimented with drugs (medication) and electric shock to "drive" the minds into a child like state.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the sources used to investigate the CIA's involvement in Canada.

answer:
Vieorneau, David. Toronto Star, “No secrets hidden from CIA in 1950s, former official says”, April 14, 1986
Canadian Institute of International Affairs, “International Journal, 1972” Sawatsky, John. “Men in the Shadows: The RCMP Security Service”, 1980. p. 5 Buncher, Judith F. “The CIA and the Security Debate”, 1976 Cawley, Janet. Chicago Tribune, “Brainwash tests in '57 haunt CIA, June 1, 1986

answer: A Toronto Star article 'No secrets hidden from CIA in 1950's, former official says' in 1986 is cited as the source for CIA operating in Canada without consent. The International Journal, 1972 of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs was probably used as the source for this article. Another article, this time by the Chicago Tribune in 1986 'Brainwash tests in '57 haunt CIA' is used as the source of most of the information on Project MKULTRA. Another article by the Toronto Star in 1986 is the source used for the legal action taken relating to Project MKULTRA.

answer: The primary sources that have been used to investigate the Central Intelligence Agency's involvement in Canada are including intelligence estimates, lawsuits, revelations by other government officials, journalistic exposes, and CIA activities of the 1950s. Concerns about the CIA's involvement and influence in Canadian affairs stem primarily from Project MKULTRA, the CIA looking to sell American wheat in Soviet bloc countries, and the agency's hiring of Canadian citizen and al Qaeda informant, Abdurahman Khadr. There have also been reports of the CIA working with the Pakistani government's Inter-Services Intelligence to capture and interrogate Abdullah Khadr for valuable intelligence on al Qaeda. Overall, there is much suspicion about the CIA's use of Canada for its activities.

text: The sources are the citations at the end of the passage

refinement: A Toronto Star article 'No secrets hidden from CIA in 1950's, former official says' in 1986 is cited as the source for CIA operating in Canada without consent. The International Journal, 1972 of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs was probably used as the source for this article. Another article, this time by the Chicago Tribune in 1986 'Brainwash tests in '57 haunt CIA' is used as the source of most of the information on Project MKULTRA. Another article by the Toronto Star in 1986 is the source used for the legal action taken relating to Project MKULTRA.

answer: Sources used to investigate the CIA's involvement in Canada included Project MKULTRA, the decline of the Avro Arrow aerospace program, the Progressive Conservative Government led by John Diefenbaker, Abdurahman Khadr, Prime Minister Lester Pearson, and the decline of the Canadian wheat industry.

text: Sources are the citations at the end of the passage

refinement: A Toronto Star article 'No secrets hidden from CIA in 1950's, former official says' in 1986 is cited as the source for CIA operating in Canada without consent. The International Journal, 1972 of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs was probably used as the source for this article. Another article, this time by the Chicago Tribune in 1986 'Brainwash tests in '57 haunt CIA' is used as the source of most of the information on Project MKULTRA. Another article by the Toronto Star in 1986 is the source used for the legal action taken relating to Project MKULTRA.

answer: Apologists claim that the CIA operates with the "general consent" of the Canadian government. Documents claim that the CIA has used Canadian airbases to carry prisoners to black sites, and worked with the Khadr family to spy on Islamist groups. Revelations have been primarily based on allegations made by individuals and investigative reports.

text: The sources are the citations at the end of the passage.

refinement: A Toronto Star article 'No secrets hidden from CIA in 1950's, former official says' in 1986 is cited as the source for CIA operating in Canada without consent. The International Journal, 1972 of the Canadian Institute of International Affairs was probably used as the source for this article. Another article, this time by the Chicago Tribune in 1986 'Brainwash tests in '57 haunt CIA' is used as the source of most of the information on Project MKULTRA. Another article by the Toronto Star in 1986 is the source used for the legal action taken relating to Project MKULTRA.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the views of the people opposing CIA operations in Canada.

answer: Many hold a view that the CIA has operated in Canada without any authorised consent from the Canadian government, exploiting the country's proximity to the Soviet Union for spying purposes. Critics argue that the CIA has manipulated political affairs in the country and the Canadian government has turned a blind eye to the CIA's activity. Opponents worry about the CIA's effect on human rights, particularly with regards to Project MKULTRA and the interrogation of Abdullah Khadr.

answer: John Taylor, a Canadian diplomat, once believed that CIA activities were very well known in Canada but the CIA denied this. The operations and programs were major talking points even then. The CIA tried to stop the operation because of concern that Canadians would see this as a power shift in the balance of power between Canada and the US. CIA black sites in Canada were also one of the reasons for skepticism. As for the CIA agents, Kenneth D. Taylor, a Canadian diplomat, was degraded to a low position and locked away when he objected to the CIA's methods, and the Canadian military ordered to not torture the prisoners during the early 70s.

text: It should be Kenneth Taylor, not John Taylor.

refinement: Kenneth Taylor, a Canadian diplomat, once believed that CIA activities were very well known in Canada but the CIA denied this. The operations and programs were major talking points even then. The CIA tried to stop the operation because of concern that Canadians would see this as a power shift in the balance of power between Canada and the US. CIA black sites in Canada were also one of the reasons for skepticism. As for the CIA agents, Kenneth D. Taylor, a Canadian diplomat, was degraded to a low position and locked away when he objected to the CIA's methods, and the Canadian military ordered to not torture the prisoners during the early 70s.

answer: Many people feel that the CIA routinely operates without consent or knowledge of the Canadian government, and also uses the country to enable their black sites, allow ghost planes to refuel and deliver prisoners overseas, and possibly manipulate political affairs. Those against CIA activities in Canada fear that such operations could threaten national sovereignty.

answer: The majority view among Canadians has been that CIA activity in Canada is not in the best interests of Canada. Detractors, who are not in the minority, feel that CIA influence over Canada must be curbed and a close eye must be kept on the CIA's activities in Canada. Many people believe that the CIA has been manipulating the Canadian government and influencing Canadian politics to achieve the objectives of the US. And there are people who think that the people around the US-Canada border may have separate agendas because they are being affected by US regulations and Canadian border closures.

answer: It is the belief that the CIA can only operate inside Canada with the general consent of the Canadian government, however Canada does not voice anger even when it is clear that the CIA operated without authorization. The infamous Project MKULTRA gives an example of the CIA allegedly operating within Canadian borders and harming its citizens through 'psychic driving' experiments that have led to long-lasting and far-reaching consequences for the subjects involved. The CIA was also allegedly involved in Canada's space program being cancelled in 1959 and in the Liberals ousting the Progressive Conservative government in 1967 due to seeking a more independent foreign policy. It has also been documented that Canada allows CIA flights to use its airbases on unlisted flights.


text:
LYUDMYLA LEONTIIVNA DENISOVA[1] (; ) (born July 6, 1960 in Arkhangelsk, Russian SFSR) is a Ukrainian politician and former Minister of Labor and Social Policy who on 15 March 2018 was elected Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine.[2][3]

Biography

Raised by her mother Nina Ivanovna Ankudinova (born 1934) in Arkhangelsk Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School (1978), the Leningrad State University (1989) and the Tavria Institute of Enterprise and Law (1995).[4]

Professional career

Denisova was a teacher at a preschool in the Russian city of Arkhangelsk (school №78, 1979–80).[5] For the next nine years Denisova held different posts in the Arkhangelsk provincial law court.[6] In 1989, she moved to Ukraine and became the legal adviser of the Crimean Provincial Committee of Ukraine (1990–91).[7] From 1991 she worked in the Republic of Crimea's Administration of the pension fund until 1998.[8]

Political career

In 1998 Denisova became the Minister of Economy and Finances in the Crimean government.[9] In Ukraine's Autonomous Republic of Crimea, she served as Minister of Economy, Minister of Finance and head of the Treasury Department. Denisova was named Politician of the Year in 2001. In 2000 Denisova was detained for 24 hours and charged with power abuse.[10] Denisova has stated she was persecuted for refusing to sign a budget document.[11] This criminal case was soon closed.[12]

Denisova is a member of Batkivshchina (Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc) since 2005.[13] During the 2006 and 2007 parliamentary elections, she was elected as a deputy to the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament).

Minister

On December 18, 2007, Yulia Tymoshenko, with a margin of two votes, was elected Prime Minister.[14] and the second Tymoshenko Government was formed between the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc in which Denisova was elected Minister of Labour and Social Policy.

In October 2009 Denisova was ranked 15th in a top 100 of “most influential women in Ukraine” compiled by experts for the Ukrainian magazine Focus (six places lower than non-minister and fellow Batkivshchina member Natalia Korolevska).[15]

2010 Crimean parliamentary election

Denisova headed the electoral list of Batkivshchina during the 2010 Crimean parliamentary election.[16] Batkivshchina did not win seats in the Supreme Council of Crimea.[17]

2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election

Denisova was placed at number 38 on the electoral list of Batkivshchina during the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election.[18] She was re-elected into parliament.[19]

2nd minister post

On 27 February 2014 Denisova became Minister of Labor and Social Policy in the Yatsenyuk Government.[20]

In September 2014 Denisova became a founding member of her new party People's Front.[21]

2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election

In the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election Denisova was re-elected into parliament placed 15th on the electoral list of People's Front.[22][23][24]

On 15 March 2018 the Ukrainian parliament elected Denisova Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine.[25]

[1]  Short bio, LIGA

[2] https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2018/03/15/7174734/

[3] Maidan nominates Yatseniuk for prime minister, Interfax-Ukraine (26 February 2014)
Ukrainian parliament endorses new cabinet, Interfax-Ukraine (27 February 2014)

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9] Новый состав Кабмина принят единогласно , news.mediaport.ua

[10] Is She Next?, Kyiv Post (September 3, 2010)

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]  Рейтинг Фокуса: 100 самых влиятельных женщин и 100 деталей о них , Focus

[16] Liudmyla Denisova heads electoral list of Crimean branch of Batkivschyna Party, Kyiv Post (September 30, 2010)

[17]  Results of the elections, preliminary data, on interactive maps by Ukrayinska Pravda (November 8, 2010)

[18] They Call Themselves the Opposition, The Ukrainian Week (31 August 2012)

[19]  Список депутатів нової Верховної Ради, Ukrayinska Pravda (11 November 2012)

[20]

[21] Yatseniuk elected head of political council of People's Front Party , Demotix (9 September 2014)

[22] Poroshenko Bloc to have greatest number of seats in parliament , Ukrinform (8 November 2014)
People's Front 0.33% ahead of Poroshenko Bloc with all ballots counted in Ukraine elections - CEC , Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2014)
Poroshenko Bloc to get 132 seats in parliament - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (8 November 2014)

[23]  Full electoral list of “Fatherland” , TVi (15 September 2014)

[24]  Electoral list of People's Front, Ukrayinska Pravda (20 September 2014)

[25]

title: Lyudmyla Denisova

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Denisova's education?

answer: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School, the Leningrad State University, and the Tavria Institute of Enterprise and Law.

answer: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School in 1978, then the Leningrad State University in 1989, and finally the Tavria Institute of Enterprise and Law in 1995.

answer: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School. She completed her state certification at the Leningrad State University. She later completed her license at the Tavria Institute of Enterprise and Law.

text: The article makes no mention of the types of certifications she received. It's extra information not stated in the text.

refinement: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School, the Leningrad State University and Tavria Institute of Enterprise and Law.

answer: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School and the Leningrad State University.

text: It is missing her graduation from the Tavaria Institute of Enterprise and Law.

refinement: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School, the Leningrad State University and the Tavaria Institute of Enterprise and Law.

text: Could include the year of graduation from each institution.

refinement: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School in 1978, the Leningrad State University in 1989 and the Tavaria Institute of Enterprise and Law in 1995.

answer: Denisova graduated from the Arkhangelsk Pedagogical School (1978), the Leningrad State University (1989) and the Tavria Institute of Enterprise and Law (1995).

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Denisova's political career?

answer: Denisova has had a long political career, beginning as a teacher and moving on to various post within the Crimean provincial law courts and the Crimean government. In 2009 she was elected Minister of Labour and Social Policy under Yulia Tymoshenko's second government and in 2014 she was re-elected to parliament for the second time. In 2018, she was elected Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine.

answer: Denisova has had a political career primarily in Crimea, serving as Minister of Economy, Minister of Finance, and head of Treasury Department before becoming Minister of Labor and Social Policy in the Yatsenyuk Government in 2014. She was elected into parliament in both the 2006 and 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary elections, placed 15th on the electoral list of People's Front in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, and was recently elected Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine.

text: Chance 'recently elected' to the actual date of the election.

refinement: Denisova has had a political career primarily in Crimea, serving as Minister of Economy, Minister of Finance, and head of Treasury Department before becoming Minister of Labor and Social Policy in the Yatsenyuk Government in 2014. She was elected into parliament in both the 2006 and 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary elections, placed 15th on the electoral list of People's Front in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election, and in 2018 was elected Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine.

answer: Denisova was the Minister of Labor and Social Policy as a member of the Yatsenyuk Government in February 2014. She re-elected into parliament in the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election. She was elected as Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine on March 15, 2018.

answer:
As Minister of Finance she held different posts in the Arkhangelsk provincial law court between 1979 and 1990. Following that, Denisova became the legal adviser of the Crimean Provincial Committee of Ukraine from 1990 to 1991.

In 1998 Denisova became Minister of Economy, Minister of Finance and head of the Treasury Department in the Crimean government. She served in Ukraine's Autonomous Republic of Crimea from 1998 to 2007.

In 2000 Denisova was detained for 24hrs on charges of power abuse. She stated that she was persecuted for refusing to sign a budget document. This case was shut down.

Denisova is a member of Batkivshchina since 2005. She headed the electoral list of Batkivshchina for the 2010 Crimean parliamentary election, but Batkivshchina did not win seats in Supreme Council of Crimea.

answer: In 1998, Denisova became the Minister of Economy and Finances in the Crimean government. She was named Politician of the Year in 2001. She has been a member of Batkivshchina since 2005, and during the 2006 and 2007 parliamentary elections, she was elected as a deputy to the Verkhovna Rada. In 2009, she was ranked the 15th most influential woman in Ukraine. She was re-elected to parliament in 2012. In 2014, she became Minister of Labor and Social Policy in the Yatsenyuk Government and became a founding member of her new party People's Front. In the same year, she was re-elected to the Ukrainian parliament. In 2018, she was elected Commissioner for Human Rights in Ukraine.