text:
November 27th, 1933 a sweet little girl with red hair and curls was born in County Cavan, Ireland. With the face of a cherub, this little girl had brothers and sisters and strong willed parents with a beautiful and interesting history following behind her. Born not only into a prominent family history, but money as well, this sweet little red headed girl with curls like ringlets went off to boarding school where the Nuns would teach her right from wrong, how to be a lady and where she would ask questions they would deem inappropriate. Running around with friends causing mayhem, this little girl would grow up with hands often touched by a ruler’s edge, and permanently scared knees due to kneeling on raw rice. As this tiny little girl began to grow into a woman, she began to experience changes-both emotionally, and physically-this was all under the wide umbrella of topics deemed inappropriate to discuss with anyone according to the Nun’s, so the little girl turning into a young lady remained silent. She remained silent for many moons, until one night on a train back from a field trip she went to use the train lavatory and ran out screaming and crying. She was bleeding to death. She was going to die. She wouldn’t make it home to see her family again. By now, a dear, lovely Nun found it impertinent to intervene and clear the matter up as efficiently as possible without going into too much detail about the inappropriate topic of womanhood.

“My dear little child, what are you screaming about?,” said the Nun.

“Oh Sister! I need you to give me my last rights! I’m bleeding to death!” said the young lady.

“You are? Where?”

“I’m bleeding…I’m bleeding from…” the young lady began to blush and could not finish her sentence without stumbling over her words.

“Yes child? I need you to tell me. Where are you bleeding from?

“I…I’m bleeding from…my genitals sister. I’m bleeding to death!” At this, the young girl began to sob with her face in her hands, and shoulders shaking profusely.

“Oh my child. You are not dying. But I do believe it is time we have a long talk. Come with me”

And that was the day this little girl, became a young lady.

Years later and this same young woman was carving a path for herself all through Europe, leaving a trail of blazing fire wherever she went. Full of life and love and adventures ready to be had she made her way to London at the very ripe age of 18. There may have been bad times happening, but my god she was not going to let that bring her down. With a wealthy family along side her, she was trailing through London leaving a string of broken hearted young men behind her. Until the day this fresh faced 18 year old beautiful woman met an American man here in the American Air force. It was a quick romance before, with the support of her family, this young and handsome couple decided to be joined in holy matrimony.  A few very short months later, the newly wedded couple was expecting their first child, but alas, the young husband had to fly home to America for his military and family duties. The young, pregnant wife was to follow shortly. At 8 months pregnant, she did. She missed her family and home in Europe already, but she was ready to join her husband and begin their American life together with their new baby. It was a future full of promises.

title: Joan Lovendoski, Part 1

question: Why is the child panicking?

answer: She believes she is dying when has her first menstruation.

text: omits the subject in the second half of the sentence

refinement: She believes she is dying when she has her first menstruation.

answer: The young lady panics because she is bleeding from her genitals. This is due to her being a woman and something considered inappropriate to discuss with others at the time.

text: The idea that menstruation is when a girl becomes a woman is highly culturally-contingent euphemism, and is not appropriate in a summary.

refinement: The young lady panics because she is bleeding from her genitals. This is due to her having her first menstruation and something considered inappropriate to discuss with others at the time.

text: It's not just inappropriate to discuss "at the time" in general, but in her specific social context (Catholic school).

refinement: The young lady panics because she is bleeding from her genitals. This is due to her having her first menstruation, a taboo subject in her Catholic school.

answer: The child is panicking because she has just discovered that she is menstruating for the first time. This is a subject that is often taboo - especially in the boarding school she is attending - and the child is terrified that she is going to "die" because of it. Thankfully, an older nun comes to her aid and talks to her with compassion, reassuring her that it is normal and she is in no danger. Over time, the young woman grows up and has a family of her own. One day, she goes into labor while her husband is away on duty. She longs to be reunited with him and make a life for herself in America.

text: whole back half is irrelevant

refinement: The child is panicking because she has just discovered that she is menstruating for the first time. This is a subject that is often taboo - especially in the boarding school she is attending - and the child is terrified that she is going to "die" because of it.

text: She does not "discover" that she is menstruating; she merely discovers that she is bleeding. Saying that she is menstruating for the first time (and noting that it is a taboo subject that she is unfamiliar with) is adequate to convey this idea.

refinement: The child is panicking because she is menstruating for the first time. This is a subject that is often taboo - especially in the boarding school she is attending - and the child is terrified that she is going to "die" because of it.

question: Where did the girl grow up?

answer: The girl grew up in County Cavan, Ireland.

text: We are told she is born in County Cavan, and are never told she has moved.

answer: The girl grew up in County Cavan, Ireland.

text: We are told she is born in County Cavan, and are never told she has moved.

answer: At a boarding school in Ireland

text: we are given more specific information

refinement: At a boarding school in County Cavan, Ireland.

text: We are told she is born in Ireland, and are never told she has moved.

question: Why did the woman immigrate to the United States?

text: answer field is empty

answer: She married an American soldier and move to live with him.

text: answer field is empty

question: How long was the woman pregnant before her husband left for the United States?

answer: The woman was approximately 8 months pregnant when she moved to the United States with her husband.

text: The question is not about how pregnant she was when she moved, but how pregnant she was when her husband moved.

refinement: The story does not answer this question directly.

answer: More information is needed to answer the question.

answer: The woman was 8 months pregnant before she and her husband left the European country for the United States.

text: The question is not about how pregnant she was when she moved, but how pregnant she was when her husband moved.

refinement: The story does not answer the questino directly.

question: How does the woman feel about the future?

answer: She seems to be optimistic.

text: 'it was a future full of promises' is an optimistic sentiment

answer: The woman is looking forward to beginning a new life with her family in the United States.

answer: She wonders when a good future would come.

text: The tone of this is negative, whereas the woman feels positively.

question: Does the woman like living in the United States?

answer: It doesn't seem so, based on the sentiment of the text.

text: While she misses her family, the overall tone of the ending is hopeful.

refinement: She misses her family in Europe, but she appears to be happy.

answer: She misses her family in Europe, but she appears to be happy.

text: '[A] future full of promises' is an optimistic sentiment.

answer: Left this information unanswered.

text: There is content within the story relevant to the question, and yet here the question is left unanswered.

refinement: She misses her family in Europe, but she appears to be happy.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Joan Lovendoski is a high-spirited young woman who moved from Ireland to England at 18. Shortly after she met her American husband, they married and she became pregnant. However, her husband had to return home, so she accompanied him to begin their new life in America.

text: It is not sound to assume that the title of the text is also the name of the protagonist.

refinement: A high-spirited young woman moved from Ireland to England at 18. Shortly after she met her American husband, they married and she became pregnant. However, her husband had to return home, so she accompanied him to begin their new life in America.

text: We can be more specific about where she moved.

refinement: A high-spirited young woman moved from Ireland to London, England at 18. Shortly after she met her American husband, they married and she became pregnant. However, her husband had to return home, so she accompanied him to begin their new life in America.

text: He's not her husband when they meet. We can include that he's a soldier.

refinement: A high-spirited young woman moved from Ireland to London, England at 18. Shortly after she met an American soldier, they married and she became pregnant. However, her husband had to return home, so she accompanied him to begin their new life in America.

answer: Joan Lovendoski's story begins with her childhood in Ireland and eventually follows her to London as a young adult. She marries an American serviceman and together they have a baby. They eventually move back to America where their family awaits. The story comes to an end with the happy family looking forward to a bright future.

text: It is not sound to assume the title of the story is also the name of the protagonist.

refinement: The story begins with a woman's childhood in Ireland and eventually follows her to London as a young adult. She marries an American serviceman and together they have a baby. They eventually move back to America where their family awaits. The story comes to an end with the happy family looking forward to a bright future.

text: Her family does not live in America.

refinement: The story begins with a woman's childhood in Ireland and eventually follows her to London as a young adult. She marries an American serviceman and together they have a baby. They eventually move to America. The story comes to an end with the happy family looking forward to a bright future.

text: Chronological issue: the baby is born after they move to America, not before.

refinement: The story begins with a woman's childhood in Ireland and eventually follows her to London as a young adult. She marries an American serviceman and becomes pregnant. They eventually move to America. The story comes to an end with the happy family looking forward to a bright future.

text: They move to America shortly after wedding, not in the distant future, as "eventually" implies.

refinement: The story begins with a woman's childhood in Ireland and eventually follows her to London as a young adult. She marries an American serviceman and becomes pregnant. Shortly after, they move to America. The story comes to an end with the happy family looking forward to a bright future.

answer: Joan Lovendoski was born in Ireland in 1933, was raised mostly by nuns, and eventually met and married an American Airforce officer. They had a child shortly after marrying and the family relocated to the United States.

text: It is not sound to assume that the story is titled after the protagonist.

refinement: The protagonist was born in Ireland in 1933, was raised mostly by nuns, and eventually met and married an American Airforce officer. They had a child shortly after marrying and the family relocated to the United States.

text: We do not know what branch of the military her husband serves in, or that he is an officer.

refinement: The protagonist was born in Ireland in 1933, was raised mostly by nuns, and eventually met and married an American serviceman. They had a child shortly after marrying and the family relocated to the United States.

text: They moved while she was pregnant, not after the child was born.

refinement: The protagonist was born in Ireland in 1933, was raised mostly by nuns, and eventually met and married an American serviceman. She became shortly after marrying and they relocated to the United States.

answer: Joan Lovendoski is a strong willed and adventurous woman who had a whirlwind 18 year old romance that resulted in marriage, soon becoming pregnant with their first child. After her husband took on military duties in America, she moved to join him. However, the couple now has to face challenges she never could have predicted.

text: It is not sound to assume the work is titled after the protagonist.

refinement: A strong willed and adventurous woman had a whirlwind 18 year old romance that resulted in marriage and soon became pregnant with their first child. After her husband took on military duties in America, she moved to join him. However, the couple now has to face challenges she never could have predicted.

text: Her husband was in the military when they married; he did not "[take] on" military duties after the fact.

refinement: A strong willed and adventurous woman had a whirlwind 18 year old romance that resulted in marriage and soon became pregnant with their first child. After her serviceman husband was called back to America, she moved to join him. However, the couple now has to face challenges she never could have predicted.

text: There is no mention of the family facing challenges in America.

refinement: A strong willed and adventurous woman had a whirlwind 18 year old romance that resulted in marriage and soon became pregnant with their first child. After her serviceman husband was called back to America, she moved to join him.

answer: This story covers the early life of a young Irish woman. She grows up at a boarding school, experiences puberty then marries an American man and moves to the US.

text: doesn't include mention of the baby

refinement: This story covers the early life of a young Irish woman. She grows up at a boarding school, experiences puberty then marries an American man, becomes pregnant, and moves to the US.

text: One's first menstruation is a hallmark experience of puberty for many people.

answer: Joan Lovendoski was born in Ireland in 1933 and went on to live an adventurous life, attending boarding school in Ireland, then moving to London at 18. She met her future husband in London, marrying him shortly after and soon becoming pregnant. After marrying in America, Joan and her husband both became parents, embarking on a new American life together.

text: Whole last sentence inaccurate

refinement: Joan Lovendoski was born in Ireland in 1933 and went on to live an adventurous life, attending boarding school in Ireland, then moving to London at 18. She met her future husband in London, marrying him shortly after and soon becoming pregnant. The couple moves to America, and their first child is born.


split: train

text:
*"Any man who can drive safely while kissing a pretty girl is simply not giving the kiss the attention it deserves."
-Albert Einstein*

I had this dream.
It must’ve been the 1950’s, or some time earlier.
I wasn't sure how I got there, but I knew that I wasn’t in my body, and that I wasn’t driving my car.
We had the top down and were speeding down an old country two-lane road.

The prettiest girl in the world was sitting in my passenger seat.
She was sitting cross-legged, facing me, with the wind blowing her gorgeous golden-brown hair all over the place.
She was laughing. I could never forget that perfect smile.
The orange light from the setting sun caused a glisten in her eyes. I loved the way that I couldn’t keep my focus whenever I was around her.

What was peculiar about this was that I felt as if it happened all in one instant, but at the same time it felt like hours. I guess this is how love is supposed to feel.

She screamed with delight. She loved feeling free.
I didn’t know where I was driving, but she didn’t care.
It doesn’t matter where you are when you’re with the most beautiful girl on Earth.

I managed to break the allure of her hazel-green eyes to check the road.
Nothing.
Just the open road, a warm sunset, and the girl of my dreams sitting next to me.

Or so I thought.

I don’t know what happened but the car suddenly flipped over.
Everything was silent.
I can’t clearly recall what happened but I remembered that her once-gorgeous golden-brown hair was soiled with blood and that her hazel-green eyes were filled with tears at one point.
But, she never cried.

The worst part was that I couldn’t save her.
I reached for her but could never touch her. I called for her but she never answered.
The last thing I saw was that glisten fade from her eyes.

I don’t know if I ended up surviving, but it didn’t matter.
All I knew was that I had robbed the world of the prettiest girl that it had ever seen.
I could never forgive myself.

What’s the value of one life if it robs humanity of its greatest treasure?

title: The Prettiest Girl in the World

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is the narrator describing?

answer: The narrator is describing the most beautiful girl in the world.

answer: The narrator is describing the prettiest girl in the world.

answer: A girl in his dream.

answer: A beautiful woman

answer: The prettiest girl he had ever seen.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why was she screaming?

answer: She was excited to be in his car. She loved feeling free.

answer: The girl was screaming with delight because she was feeling free while speeding down the road with the top down. However, a tragic accident happened, and she died in the crash. She never got to experience life to the fullest again, which is what she had been enjoying at the time.

text: 'However, a tragic accident happened, and she died in the crash. She never got to experience life to the fullest again, which is what she had been enjoying at the time.' is unnecessary.

refinement: The girl was screaming with delight because she was feeling free while speeding down the road with the top down.

answer: It's not stated right now.

text: Incorrect, the narrator explicitly states why.

refinement: She was screaming with delight because she loved feeling free.

answer: She was riding in a car with the top down, hair blowing everywhere. She was probably thrilled.

text: The inference made by the answer is actually clearer in the original text.

refinement: She was riding in a car with the top down, hair blowing everywhere. She loved feeling free.

answer: She was screaming because she was having a good time, enjoying the freedom and the excitement of speeding down the road together. Unfortunately, the car flipped, causing the girl to physically bleed and cry, though she tried not to. She never answered the screamer's calls for help, and he ultimately blames himself for her death.

text: 'Unfortunately, the car flipped, causing the girl to physically bleed and cry, though she tried not to. She never answered the screamer's calls for help, and he ultimately blames himself for her death.' is unnecessary information.

refinement: She was screaming because she was having a good time, enjoying the freedom and the excitement of speeding down the road together.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why is the narrator feeling guilty?

answer: Because the car flipped over and killed his beautiful passenger.

answer: The narrator feels guilty because he crashed the car while driving with the prettiest girl in the world, causing her death. He feels as if he robbed the world of its greatest treasure and cannot forgive himself for her death.

answer: The narrator feels guilty because he believes he has taken away the prettiest girl in the world. He feels responsible for her death because he was the one driving and he could not do anything when the car flipped over. The narrator never got the chance to save the girl he loved, and this has weighed heavily on him.

answer: Because they believe he's killed the prettiest girl in the world

text: 'They' should be 'he'.

refinement: Because he believes he's killed the prettiest girl in the world

answer: Because they are the reason she's dead.

text: Answer should specify the subject for both clarity and accuracy.

refinement: Because he feels as though he is the reason that the prettiest girl in the world is dead.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the narrator referring to when he says he "robbed humanity of its greatest treasure"?

answer: He is referring to the girl who is his passenger.

answer: The prettiest girl in the world (presumably his girlfriend)

answer: He is referring to the girl in his passenger seat who died after the car accident.

answer: The narrator is referring to the beautiful girl with the golden brown hair that he was driving with before their car crash occurred. She was the greatest treasure to humanity because of her beauty- making her smile radiate and her hazel-green eyes brighten.

text: More information than necessary. 'She was the greatest treasure to humanity because of her beauty- making her smile radiate and her hazel-green eyes brighten.'

refinement: The narrator is referring to the beautiful girl with the golden brown hair that he was driving with before their car crash occurred.

answer: The narrator is referring to the prettiest girl in the world.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator has a dream in which he and the prettiest girl in the world have a car accident, resulting in her death. The experience is devastating and leaves the narrator grief-stricken and riddled with guilt.

answer: The narrator has a mystery dream that could possibly be reality. He has to make a decision between driving his car or kissing the girl in the seat next to him. He made the decision to kiss the girl, but then the car crashed. He then realizes that he couldn't save her, and that she isn't even real.

text: The dream isn't a 'mystery', nor is it 'reality'.

refinement: The narrator has a dream. He has to make a decision between driving his car or kissing the girl in the seat next to him. He made the decision to kiss the girl, but then the car crashed. He then realizes that he couldn't save her, and that she isn't even real.

text: There is no mention of a choice to kiss, other than in a quote at the beginning.

refinement: The narrator has a dream. He is distracted by his passenger's beauty. He then realizes that he couldn't save her, and feels a lot of guilt about her death.

text:
*"Any man who can drive safely while kissing a pretty girl is simply not giving the kiss the attention it deserves."
-Albert Einstein*

answer: This piece is about a dream of a speeding car accident with the prettiest girl in the world. The narrator crashes the car and is unable to save her. Her beauty was lost in the accident and the narrator feels wretched for robbing humanity of its greatest treasure.

answer: There is a man driving, in a romantic scene with a young woman. They are speeding, with the top down. Suddenly their car flips over, and they are tumbling down a hill. A flashback reveals something happens and the man could not save the woman.

text: The summary should mention it's a dream.

refinement: A man dreams about driving with a young woman. They are speeding, with the top down. Suddenly their car flips over, and they are tumbling down a hill. A flashback reveals something happens and the man could not save the woman.

text: Accuracy of the story could better reflect in the summary.

refinement: A man dreams about driving with a young woman. They are speeding, with the top down. Suddenly their car flips over, killing the girl. The man is wracked with guilt as he could not save the woman.

answer: The narrator speeds down an old country two-lane road with a beautiful woman in his passenger seat. She screams in delight until suddenly, the car flips over and the narrator is unable to save her. He feels he has robbed the world of its greatest treasure: The prettiest girl he had ever seen.


text:
The 29TH PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Service

The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry was organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, beginning May 15, 1861, for a three-year enlistment and mustered in July 1, 1861, under the command of Colonel John K. Murphy.

The regiment was attached to Gordon's Brigade, Department of the Susquehanna, August 1861. 3rd Brigade. Banks' Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, Banks' V Corps, and Department of the Shenandoah to June 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, II Corps, Army of Virginia, to September 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, XII Corps, Army of the Potomac, to March 1863. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, XII Corps, Army of the Potomac, to October 1863, and Army of the Cumberland to April 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XX Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to June 1865. Bartlett's Division, XXII Corps, Department of Washington, to July 1865.

The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry mustered out July 11, 1865.

Detailed service

[The 29th under fire in the trenches at the Battle of Chancellorsville]

-   1861
    -   Left Pennsylvania for Harpers Ferry, Va., August 3
    -   Duty at Harpers Ferry and on the Upper Potomac River until February 1862
    -   Operations about Dams 4 and 5 December 17–20, 1861
-   1862
    -   Advance on Winchester March 1–12
    -   Occupation of Winchester March 12
    -   Pursuit of Jackson up the Shenandoah Valley March 24 – April 27
    -   Woodstock April 1
    -   Edenburg April 1–2
    -   Stony Creek April 2
    -   Operations in Shenandoah Valley May 15 – June 17
    -   Front Royal May 23 (Companies B and G)
    -   Buckton Station May 23
    -   Middletown and Newtown May 24
    -   Retreat to Williamsport May 24–26
    -   Battle of Winchester May 25
    -   At Williamsport until June 10
    -   Moved to Front Royal June 10–18; then to Warrenton and Little Washington July 11–18
    -   Pope's campaign in northern Virginia August 6 – September 2
    -   Battle of Cedar Mountain August 9 (reserve)
    -   Guarding supply trains during the Second Battle of Bull Run
    -   Maryland Campaign September 6–24
    -   Battle of Antietam September 16–17 (provost and rear guard)
    -   Chambersburg, Pa., October 11
    -   Duty at Maryland Heights until December
    -   March to Fredericksburg, Va., December 10–16
    -   Fairfax Station December 12
    -   At Stafford Court House until April 1863
-   1863
    -   “Mud March” January 20–24
    -   Chancellorsville Campaign April 27 – May 6
    -   Battle of Chancellorsville May 1–5
    -   Gettysburg Campaign June 11 – July 24
    -   Battle of Gettysburg July 1–3
    -   Pursuit of Lee July 5–24
    -   Duty on line of the Rappahannock River until September
    -   Movement to Bridgeport, Ala., September 24 – October 3
    -   Reopening Tennessee River October 26–29
    -   Battle of Wauhatchie October 28–29
    -   Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23–27
    -   Battle of Lookout Mountain November 23–24
    -   Missionary Ridge November 25
    -   Ringgold Gap, Taylor's Ridge, November 27
    -   Reenlisted December 10
    -   Guard duty on Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad until April 1864
-   1864
    -   Atlanta Campaign May 1 – September 8
    -   Demonstration on Rocky Faced Ridge and Dalton May 8–13
    -   Battle of Resaca May 14–15
    -   Near Cassville May 19
    -   New Hope Church May 25
    -   Operations on line of Pumpkin Vine Creek and battles about Dallas, New Hope Church, and Allatoona Hills May 26 – June 5
    -   Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10 – July 2
    -   Pine Hill June 11–14
    -   Lost Mountain June 15–17
    -   Gilgal or Golgotha Church June 15
    -   Muddy Creek June 17
    -   Noyes Creek June 19
    -   Kolb's Farm June 22
    -   Assault on Kennesaw Mountain June 27
    -   Ruff's Station or Smyrna Camp Ground July 4
    -   Chattahoochie River July 5–17
    -   Peachtree Creek July 19–20
    -   Siege of Atlanta July 22 – August 25
    -   Operations at Chattahoochie River Bridge August 26 – September 2
    -   Occupation of Atlanta September 2 – November 15
    -   Expedition to Tuckum's Cross Roads October 26–29
    -   Near Atlanta November 9
    -   March to the sea November 15 – December 10
    -   Near Davidsboro November 28
    -   Siege of Savannah December 10–21
-   1865
    -   Carolinas Campaign January to April
    -   Battle of Bentonville, N.C., March 19–21
    -   Occupation of Goldsboro March 24
    -   Advance on Raleigh April 9–13
    -   Occupation of Raleigh April 14
    -   Bennett's House April 26
    -   Surrender of Johnston and his army
    -   March to Washington, D.C., via Richmond, Va., April 29 – May 20
    -   Grand Review of the Armies May 24
    -   Duty in Department of Washington, D.C., until July.

Casualties

The regiment lost a total of 187 men during service; 3 officers and 99 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 1 officer and 84 enlisted men died of disease.

Commanders

-   Colonel John K. Murphy – discharged April 23, 1863, due to disability
-   Colonel William Rickards, Jr. – discharged November 2, 1863, due to wounds received in action at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain
-   Colonel Samuel M. Zulick

title: 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment

question: What was the 29th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry?

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

answer: It was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment fought in several battles, including the Battle of Chancellorsville and the Battle of Gettysburg.

answer: An infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

question: When was this infantry created?

answer: May 15, 1861

answer: May 15, 1861

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment was created in 1861.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment was created on May 15, 1861.

question: What happened on July 11, 1865?

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry mustered out.

answer: The infantry mustered out.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment was mustered out on July 11, 1865.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment mustered out on July 11, 1865.

question: How many casualties did the infantry face?

answer: The regiment lost a total of 187 men during service; 3 officers and 99 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 1 officer and 84 enlisted men died of disease.

answer: It lost 187 total men during service.

answer: The infantry faced 187 casualties.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment suffered a total of 187 casualties during service. This included 3 officers and 99 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 1 officer and 84 enlisted men who died of disease.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment was organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, beginning May 15, 1861, for a three-year enlistment and mustered in July 1, 1861, under the command of Colonel John K. Murphy. The regiment was attached to Gordon's Brigade, Department of the Susquehanna, August 1861. 3rd Brigade. Banks' Division, Army of the Potomac, to March 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, Banks' V Corps, and Department of the Shenandoah to June 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, II Corps, Army of Virginia, to September 1862. 3rd Brigade, 1st Division, XII Corps, Army of the Potomac, to March 1863. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, XII Corps, Army of the Potomac, to October 1863, and Army of the Cumberland to April 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XX Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to June 1865. Bartlett's Division, XXII Corps, Department of Washington, to July 1865. The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry mustered out July 11, 1865.

text: The summary is a lift-off from the article and contains more than two sentences.

refinement: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment was organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, beginning May 15, 1861, for a three-year enlistment and mustered on July 1, 1861, under the command of Colonel John K. Murphy. After losing 187 men in service, the regiment mustered out on July 11, 1865.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was organized in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, beginning May 15, 1861, for a three-year enlistment and mustered in July 1, 1861.

answer: The 29th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment was formed in 1861 and saw action in the American Civil War, including at the Battle of Chancellorsville and the Battle of Gettysburg. The regiment lost 187 men during service, and was eventually mustered out in 1865.

answer: This article describes the 29th Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry Regiment, which was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It began May 15, 1861 and mustered out on July 11, 1865.


text: I walked slowly, admiring the eerie yet stunning beauty of this little paradise I found. The trees were all full of green leaves, so many shades from a bright emerald to a dark shimmering green almost black. The trees also boasted an affinity for life, squirrels, birds, bugs, snakes, all creatures coexisting within the same tree, and there were thousands of these trees around. The ground is covered in soft grass, damp and cool from the shade provided by the multitude of trees, Fungus and mushrooms of strange shades and hues burst through the ground at seeming random intervals, shelf fungus along the trunks of the trees make an almost spiral staircase up to the foliage. Luscious yet bizarre fruits decorate the upper branches and suspend themselves like shining gems, each a different color from the one next to it. The breeze and the sound of a distant river provide a soothing ambience along with the sounds of life in this place. I've been to this place quite often, climbed the trees, tasted the fruits, and talked with the multitudes of life, yet I have not seen the river from which this place must grow. I've walked for hours in all directions, the trees and bear no distinguishing marks, and I choose not to make any for fear of upsetting this place. I can always hear the river, never growing stronger or fading, always a constant, as if seeming for me to know it’s there but not to let me see it. I continue to wander, searching, no longer entrapped by the beauty of the trees or their complex eco system, the fruits have all become bitter, this place senses my frustration and changes accordingly. Sometimes when I first enter this place I can still feel the presence of the outside, I think I can see other people walking, as enraptured as I was when I first came here. I think I see them but, they too disappear as this place envelopes me. I am spending more time here now, constantly searching for the water, I don’t know why, but it’s all I care to find. The trees are growing to a constant shimmering black, and the sound of life has almost ceased. Every now and then there are bright places, with new life, snakes, snails, mice, all moving spasmodically in an area, like flashes of light in the surrounding gloom. I hardly notice them anymore. I must find that river, I spend almost all day here now, and I come back every night. The river still eludes me. I need to find it. The leaves have begun falling off the trees, what I can see of the sky is a flat black, it gives neither the illusion of night, but seems to absorb all the light. I've not seen a sun in this place yet. I choose to write this here now, in order to express the full effect, the need and desire to find this river. I don’t know why, or what makes me feel the need to find it. I'm not sure what will happen when I find it, or if I will, but I have to. Today I’m going to find the river. I found another snake, he had the same grin and vibrant colors of the others, I ignored the pleasant aura, I have to find the river. I opened its mouth to find two sharp teeth. As I carried the snake to a tree it began to grow, longer bigger, he grew cold in my hands. It started to hiss and writhe in my hands, I forced its mouth open and dragged the razor teeth across the dead tree. I must find the river. The snake struggled harder as I pushed its face into the tree harder, scouring deep gouges in the wood. The tree started to wail, a loud high pitched keening, its creamed and caught fire, the dead wood and remaining leaves alighting in azure, liquid fire. The burned down to a pool of aqueous blue fire, the surrounding trees caught flame also. I was surrounded by blue flames, purging this place of life and substance, the sound of the river grew stronger. Then I was there, the river raging relentlessly, flowing with the rage of an angry god. Still covered in the liquid blue fires I stepped into this torrent. I start to feel myself dissolve, as the river was made of the same liquid blue fire that burned me, yet as I felt myself burn away, my thoughts continued, my psyche still intact and active. I stopped the flow of azure fire, feeling it bend and give to my will. I opened my mind’s eye and surveyed my life as it was...... and I let go.

title: The grip and break of sanity.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the narrator's gender?

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

answer: The narrator is a man.

text: This answer is unattested.

answer: No answer

answer: There is no information about the narrator's gender.

answer: No answer

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the paradise the narrator found?

answer: The narrator considered this paradise as eerie and stunning. It has an interconnected eco-system with various trees, creatures including snakes, fungi, and a river. It has luscious yet bizarre fruits and the breeze provides soothing ambience. But, the river that gives life to this little paradise is still elusive for the narrator for sometime.

answer: The narrator considered this paradise as eerie and stunning. It has an interconnected eco-system with various trees and creatures including snakes, fungi, and a river. It has luscious yet bizarre fruits and the breeze provides soothing ambience. But, the river that gives life to this little paradise is still elusive for the narrator for sometime.

answer: The narrator found a paradise with many trees and fruits. The trees are full of life and the ground is covered in soft grass. The paradise has a soothing ambience with the sound of a river and the sound of life. The paradise has many fruits, which the narrator tasted. The paradise also has a river; however, the narrator has not seen it.

answer: The narrator walked wondering what this place was. It was a valley full of trees, a river, fruits and other forms of life. There was a myriad of colors from green to black enveloping it. Trees were full of life. This paradise was a little paradise for the narrator and other people. The paradise has bright places that contain rolling things like snakes, snails, mice, and other forms of life. The soothing sounds of nature from the branches and breeze that rustled the trees were very relaxing. Sometimes, the river is located in the far distance, but the narrator never sees it.

text: The first line is unnecessary.

refinement: It was a valley full of trees, a river, fruits and other forms of life. There was a myriad of colors from green to black enveloping it. Trees were full of life. This paradise was a little paradise for the narrator and other people. The paradise has bright places that contain rolling things like snakes, snails, mice, and other forms of life. The soothing sounds of nature from the branches and breeze that rustled the trees were very relaxing. Sometimes, the river is located in the far distance, but the narrator never sees it.

text: The article does not refer to the paradise as a valley.

refinement: The paradise was full of trees, a river, fruits and other forms of life. There was a myriad of colors from green to black enveloping it. Trees were full of life. This paradise was a little paradise for the narrator and other people. The paradise has bright places that contain rolling things like snakes, snails, mice, and other forms of life. The soothing sounds of nature from the branches and breeze that rustled the trees were very relaxing. Sometimes, the river is located in the far distance, but the narrator never sees it.

text: The line about it being a paradise for other people is unattested.

refinement: The paradise was full of trees, a river, fruits and other forms of life. There was a myriad of colors from green to black enveloping it. Trees were full of life. The paradise has bright places that contain rolling things like snakes, snails, mice, and other forms of life. The soothing sounds of nature from the branches and breeze that rustled the trees were very relaxing. Sometimes, the river is located in the far distance, but the narrator never sees it.

text: The phrasing can be more coherent throughout.

refinement: The paradise was full of trees, a river, and fruits. There was a myriad of colors from green to black. Trees were full of life. The paradise had bright places that contained things like snakes, snails, mice, and other forms of life. The soothing sounds of nature from the branches and breeze that rustled the trees were very relaxing. A river could be heard in the far distance, but the narrator could not see it.

answer: The paradise the narrator found is a small paradise with many trees and life. The trees have many shades of green, and fruits decorate the upper branches and look like shining gems. The trees are all full of life, and the ground is covered in soft grass. The breeze and the river provide a soothing ambience, and the sound of life is almost constant. The paradise is eerily beautiful, and the trees bear no distinguishing marks. The paradise is a place where the narrator has been many times and enjoyed.

text: Instead of the last two lines, the answer should mention the wildlife in the area.

refinement: The paradise the narrator found is a small paradise with many trees and life. The trees have many shades of green, and fruits decorate the upper branches and look like shining gems. The trees are all full of life, and the ground is covered in soft grass. The breeze and the river provide a soothing ambience, and the sound of life is almost constant. The paradise is abundant with life, such as squirrels, birds, bugs, and snakes.

text: The answer should mention the mystery surrounding the river.

refinement: The paradise the narrator found is a small paradise with many trees and life. The trees have many shades of green, and fruits decorate the upper branches and look like shining gems. The trees are all full of life, and the ground is covered in soft grass. The breeze and the river provide a soothing ambience, and the sound of life is almost constant. The paradise is abundant with life, such as squirrels, birds, bugs, and snakes. Though the narrator can hear a river, they have not been able to find it.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the narrator's search for the river?

answer: The narrator has been to the place quite often. He has tasted the fruits and talked with the multitudes of life, but he has never seen the river. He has walked for hours in all directions, but the trees and the ground bear no distinguishing marks. He does not make any marks for fear of upsetting the place. He can hear the river all the time, but he cannot see it. The narrator is frustrated and the place changes accordingly. Sometimes, when he first enters the place, he can still feel the presence of the outside. He thinks he can see other people walking, as enraptured as he was when he first came. He thinks he sees them, but they disappear as the place envelopes him. He spends more time in the place now, constantly searching for the water. The trees are growing to a constant shimmering black, and the sound of life has almost ceased. Every now and then there are bright places, with new life, snakes, snails, mice, all moving spasmodically in an area, like flashes of light in the surrounding gloom. He hardly notices them anymore. The leaves begin to fall off the trees. He spends almost all day in the place now, and comes back every night. The river still eludes him. He needs to find it. The river is made of azure fire that burns him, but he keeps going. He opens his mind's eye and surveys his life as it was... and lets go.

text: The answer contains a number of sentences that can be omitted for relevance.

refinement: The narrator can hear the river all the time, but he cannot see it. He spends more time in the place now, constantly searching for the water. The river still eludes him. He needs to find it. The river is made of azure fire that burns him, but he keeps going. He opens his mind's eye and surveys his life as it was... and lets go.

text: The answer fails to mention how the narrator discovers the river.

refinement: The narrator can hear the river all the time, but he cannot see it. He spends more time in the place now, constantly searching for the water. The river still eludes him. He needs to find it. The narrator carves into a tree using the fangs of a snake, and this causes the tree to catch fire, creating a river. The river is made of azure fire that burns him, but he keeps going. He opens his mind's eye and surveys his life as it was... and lets go.

answer: The narrator enjoys the beauty of the place, but all the trees, since his arrival, are cloaking with a sheen of black. His curiosity to find the river, still remains strong even as the ground becomes barren and devoid of life, his thoughts continue and he still wants to find the river. Then he tries to open a snake's mouth, to find two razor-sharp teeth. He throws it against the dead tree and it starts to bleed, so it can guide him to the river.

text: The answer should mention the river's appearance.

refinement: The narrator enjoys the beauty of the place, but all the trees, since his arrival, are cloaking with a sheen of black. His curiosity to find the river, still remains strong even as the ground becomes barren and devoid of life, his thoughts continue and he still wants to find the river. Then he tries to open a snake's mouth, to find two razor-sharp teeth. He throws it against the dead tree and it starts to bleed, so it can guide him to the river. A river of azure liquid flames manifests, consuming the narrator.

text: The first line is irrelevant.

refinement: His curiosity to find the river, still remains strong even as the ground becomes barren and devoid of life, his thoughts continue and he still wants to find the river. Then he tries to open a snake's mouth, to find two razor-sharp teeth. He throws it against the dead tree and it starts to bleed, so it can guide him to the river. A river of azure liquid flames manifests, consuming the narrator.

text: The first line should properly summarize his difficulty finding the river.

refinement: The narrator can hear a river but cannot see it. He searches desperately for the hidden river. Then he tries to open a snake's mouth, to find two razor-sharp teeth. He throws it against the dead tree and it starts to bleed, so it can guide him to the river. A river of azure liquid flames manifests, consuming the narrator.

text: His actions concerning the snake aren't completely accurate.

refinement: The narrator can hear a river but cannot see it. He searches desperately for the hidden river. Then he tries to open a snake's mouth, to find two razor-sharp teeth. He scrapes the tree with the snake's fangs, creating a deep gouge in the wood. A river of azure liquid flames manifests, consuming the narrator.

answer: The narrator has been coming to this place for a while, and they've been searching for the river. They've been wandering for hours in all directions, but the trees and bear no distinguishing marks. They hear the river, but never growing stronger or fading. They've been spending more time in this place and are frustrated. The narrator feels the need to find the river. The narrator finds a snake and kills it to use its teeth to cut a dead tree and make the tree wail. The tree caught fire and the surrounding trees caught fire. The narrator was surrounded by blue flames, purging this place of life and substance. The narrator steps into the torrent and starts to feel himself dissolve.

answer: It seems that the narrator searches for the river on a whim but there's something deeper in it. They've been to the same place often. The place presumably has fruit, squirrels, birds, etc. The narrator is searching for the river to consume it and open another part of their mind's eye. The river resists them at first. Among the other changes, the trees lose its leaves as the fruit become bitter as the narrator strives more to find the river. They will let go when they have found the river, which will probably lead them to a different dimension. Right now, they have found the blue liquid fire that burned itself to let them have access to the river.

answer: The narrator enjoys the beauty of the place, but all the trees are starting to grow a sheen of black. His curiosity to find the river, still remains strong even as the ground becomes barren and devoid of life, his thoughts continue and he still wants to find the river. Then he tries to open a snake's mouth, to find two razor-sharp teeth. He throws it against the dead tree and it starts to bleed, so it can guide him to the river.

answer: The narrator has been coming to this place for a while, and they've been searching for the river. They've been wandering for hours in all directions, but the trees and bear no distinguishing marks. They hear the river, but never growing stronger or fading. They've been spending more time in this place and are frustrated. The narrator feels the need to find the river. The narrator finds a snake and kills it to use its teeth to cut a dead tree and make the tree wail. The tree caught fire and the surrounding trees caught fire. The narrator was surrounded by blue flames, purging this place of life and substance. The narrator steps into the torrent and starts to feel himself dissolve. The river is made of the same liquid blue fire that burned the narrator, but the narrator's psyche is still intact.

answer: The narrator has been to the place quite often. He has tasted the fruits and talked with the multitudes of life, but he has never seen the river. He has walked for hours in all directions, but the trees and the ground bear no distinguishing marks. He does not make any marks for fear of upsetting the place. He can hear the river all the time, but he cannot see it. The narrator is frustrated and the place changes accordingly. Sometimes, when he first enters the place, he can still feel the presence of the outside. He thinks he can see other people walking, as enraptured as he was when he first came. He thinks he sees them, but they disappear as the place envelopes him. He spends more time in the place now, constantly searching for the water. The trees are growing to a constant shimmering black, and the sound of life has almost ceased. Every now and then there are bright places, with new life, snakes, snails, mice, all moving spasmodically in an area, like flashes of light in the surrounding gloom. He hardly notices them anymore. The leaves begin to fall off the trees. He spends almost all day in the place now, and comes back every night. The river still eludes him. He needs to find it. The river is made of blue fire that burns him, but he keeps going. He opens his mind's eye and surveys his life as it was... and lets go.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about how the narrator found the river?

answer: He has been searching for it for a long time. He goes to the place every day and every night. The trees become blacker, and the sounds of life cease. The river still eludes him. Then he finds the river. It is made of the same liquid blue fire that burned him. He stops the fire and opens his mind's eye. He surveys his life, and lets go.

text: This answer skips over how he finds the river, which is what the question is asking.

refinement: The narrator finds the river by scoring deep gouges in the wood of a tree using the fangs of a snake. This causes the tree to catch fire, its leaves erupting into a river of liquid blue fire.

answer: The narrator had been to this place many times before. He wandered around but never found the source of the river source, though he heard the water constantly. Sometimes, he had found hard fruits that were sour because of today disappointment. He heard the sounds of life of the place, following his path of explorations. He had seen other people and wanted to talk to them but the foliage made it difficult. After months of searching and being frustrated, he could now hear the river loud and clear and his thoughts of wanting to know the river seem to change its course. He used a snake to dig into a dead tree, hoping to find the river. The tree caught fire and burned to a large pool ignited by his azure blue fire. He disappeared in this fire and all that was left of him were his thoughts. He left his body to his will, stepping into the source of the river and his smoldering flame-formed corpse gets dissolved in the water.

text: All but the method is irrelevant.

refinement: He used a snake to dig into a dead tree, hoping to find the river. The tree caught fire and burned to a large pool ignited by his azure blue fire.

answer: No answer

text: The answer should mention how he uses the snake.

refinement: The narrator finds the river by scoring deep gouges in the wood of a tree using the fangs of a snake. This causes the tree to catch fire, its leaves erupting into a river of liquid blue fire.

answer: The narrator had been to this place many times before. He wandered around but never found the source of the river source, though he heard the water constantly. Sometimes, he had found hard fruits that were sour because of today disappointment. He could also hear the sounds of life of the place, following his path of explorations. He had seen other people and wanted to talk to them but the foliage made it difficult. After months of searching and being frustrated, he could now hear the river loud and clear and his thoughts of wanting to know the river seem to change its course. The author described how with a snake, he dug into a dead tree, hoping to find the river. The tree caught fire and burned to a large pool ignited by his azure blue fire. He disappeared in this fire and all that was left of him were his thoughts. He left his body to his will, stepping into the source of the river and his smoldering flame-formed corpse gets dissolved in the water.

answer: The narrator found the river by killing a snake, and then burning down a tree.

text: The answer is not quite specific enough.

refinement: The narrator finds the river by scoring deep gouges in the wood of a tree using the fangs of a snake. This causes the tree to catch fire, its leaves erupting into a river of liquid blue fire.

answer: The narrator walked around the trees. They wanted to see the river but they either could not see the trees or were afraid the change its inner workings. The narrator becomes a bit frustrated but must keep on walking. One day, the narrator notices a snake in the tree. It grows long and blue fire engulfs the area. The trees there catch on fire. Creaking, the trees catch fire and then to the right of the narrator is an enormous river. The gigantic blue fire burns him but also turns him into ash which seemed to dissolve away.


text:
The ALLIED MARITIME TRANSPORT COUNCIL (AMTC) was an international agency created during World War I to coordinate shipping between the allied powers of France, Italy, Great Britain, and the United States. The council (based in London[1]) was formed at a conference in Paris on 3 November 1917, in response to the resumption of unrestricted submarine warfare earlier that year. The United States formally joined the AMTC only on October 1, 1918. The Transport Council existed until March 1919, when it was merged with the Supreme Economic Council. Its executive committees were disbanded.

Prelude

In January 1917 the Inter-Allied Shipping Committee was established with representatives from Great Britain, France, and Italy. However this body was ineffective lacking ministerial input for policy development or suitable officials to organise either shipping or supplies. Russia was not involved – shipping issues as regards this country being followed in a different basis. By the time the AMTC was established the Russian Revolution had occurred, and therefore Russia was not involved. However with the American entry into World War I on 2 April 1917 and increasing problems in handling supplies particularly in France and Italy made re-organisation essential.[2]

The system of control was based on that previously developed in the British Empire. Originally Italy had adopted a similar system by Royal Decree in 1915, where by ships were requisitioned for a period of time at a fixed rate of hire to carry Government cargoes. The owner was responsible for recruiting and paying the crew, with the Government paying the running expenses and managing the vessel. This was altered in January 1916 for a system whereby the ship owners were paid per tonnage delivered. However with 90% of the supplies consisting of cereals and coal this very soon led to shortages in both these areas and so the government returned to the requisitioning system.[3]

France had a more varied range of imports and did not face serious shortages until later. Some ships were requisitioned on a bare-boat basis – where the Government recruited and supplied the crew, a somewhat inefficient charter system with much trade continuing on a pre-war basis. However the British Time-charter requisitioning method was gradually introduced and the Minister of Commerce was exercising full control over French supplies by the time the AMTC was established.[4]

The USA introduced a requisitioning system in 1917, however paying increased costs. With the requirements which arose from shipping the Army to Europe, quite drastic steps were taken to organise control. Restrictions on imports were more exercised by policy decisions than control of shipping. In general the US did not face shortages, however public appeals were made for citizens to voluntarily reduce consumption so that goods could be sent to Europe. For example an appeal issued by the newly founded United States Food Administration for the public to eat more maize bread was successful, and more wheat could be exported to their European allies. Also the War Purchase and Finance Board was established with an American chairman. This met in Paris and London to arrange the allocation of credits for American purchases.[5]

Structure

The Council

Each nation appointed its respective ministers (or delegates) in charge of shipping to the council. The representatives were:

-   Robert Cecil and Sir Joseph Maclay for Great Britain;
-   Étienne Clémentel and Louis Loucheur for France;
-   Silvio Crespi and Salvatore Orlando, the latter replaced by Giovanni Villa in May 1918 for Italy;
-   Raymond B. Stevens and George Rublee (from July 1918) for the United States

The Council held six meetings:[6]

-   First Meeting of the Council, 11–14 March, 1918
-   Second Meeting of the Council, Paris, 23–25 April, 1918
-   Third Meeting of the Council, 29–30 August, 1918
-   Fourth Meeting of the Council, 30 September, 1918
-   Fifth Meeting of the Council, 1 February, 1919
-   Sixth Meeting of the Council, 10 March, 1919

The Committees

Main Executive Committee

The AMTC had a Main Executive Committee chaired by James Arthur Salter alongside Jean Monnet, (France), Bernardo Attolico (Italy) with the later addition of George Rublee.

Salter and Monnet called their business in the AMTC ‘international administration’. In more critical terms the Transport Council worked like a cartel, just run by states, trying to eliminate the economic and logistic competition between the partners. So the organization tried to hold prices down, pooled the allied tonnage and coordinated the allied logistics with substantial rationalization effects.

Their work was supported by three subcommittees, each responsible for reporting to the main committee

Tonnage Sub-Committee

The Tonnage Sub-Committee committee was responsible for implementing any decisions of the Council concerning the co-operative use or programming of tonnage. It also gathered information about the amount and disposition of the tonnage under the control of each Ally and examined any proposals made by them as regards any improvements made by them in this area as well as doing their best to see that any agreed improvements were carried out.

-   M. Revillon (France).
-   Lieut. Farina (Italy).
-   Mr. Shearman (U.S.A.).
-   Mr. Browett (Great Britain).

Imports Sub-Committee

-   M. Halgouet (France).
-   Bernardo Attolico (Italy)
-   Dwight Morrow (U.S.A.).

Statistical Sub-Committee

-   M. Seitert (France).
-   Signor Pardo (Italy).
-   Mr. J. A. Field (U.S.A.).
-   William Palin Elderton (Great Britain).

Bibliography

-   James Arthur Salter: _Allied Shipping Control_, Oxford:Clarendon Press 1921.
-   Jean Monnet: _Memoirs_, London 1978.
-   Marc McClure, “Earnest Endeavors: The Life and Public Work of George Rublee”, Greenwood 2003.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

title: Allied Maritime Transport Council

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What was America's part in the construction of the Allied Maritime Transport Council?

answer: America joined the AMTC in 1918, which was almost a year after its initial inception. America joined the war in 1917 and due to increasing problems in the handling of supplies lead to its reorganisation. The U.S. had a hand in making sure people in Europe were fed.

text: The second sentence could be incorporated with the first and should refer to the requisitioning system.

refinement: America joined the AMTC in 1918, which was almost a year after its initial inception, after joining the war in 1917 and introducing a requisitioning system. The U.S. had a hand in making sure people in Europe were fed.

text: The article does not mention when the US joined the war.

refinement: America joined the AMTC in 1918, which was almost a year after its initial inception, after introducing a requisitioning system in 1917. The U.S. had a hand in making sure people in Europe were fed.

answer: America formally joined the AMTC by the end of World War I in 1918. This was done to coordinate shipping between the allied powers of France, Italy, Great Britain and the US-

text: Hyphen should be a period.

refinement: America formally joined the AMTC by the end of World War I in 1918. This was done to coordinate shipping between the allied powers of France, Italy, Great Britain and the US.

answer: The United States joined the Allied Maritime Transport Council in October 1918. The council was created with ministers from Great Britain, France, and Italy to coordinate shipping between the Allied powers.

answer: The United States entered into the AMTC in April 1917 and became a formal member in October 1918. The Council existed until March 1919, when it was merged with the Supreme Economic Council. The AMTC's Main Executive Committee had a Sub-Committee for Tonnage, a Sub-Committee for Imports, and a Sub-Committee for Statistics.

text: Everything beyond the first sentence is irrelevant.

refinement: The United States entered into the AMTC in April 1917 and became a formal member in October 1918.

answer: The United States joined the Allied Maritime Transport Council on 1 October 1918. Prior to that, some of its banks sent funds to nations in Europe, including Germany.


text:
		                    Logic’s Respite

	The dusky glow of the lamps was the only thing between him and the outside world. The winds gusted outside, making the trees creek as if each limb was letting out an emotionless howl. The man listened to the inane chatter of the people on the television, telling him of his impending doom. And he could see it outside. It was as if he felt that by watching the television, something might change. Somehow the meteorologist might tell the man that the storm would go east of him. Or west. It didn’t matter, as long as it didn’t hit him. Or perhaps the man watched the television simply because he needed the comfort of another human voice. He was, after all, completely alone.
	The man was tall, fit, and wearing the not so modest t-shirt of his prestigious alma mater. He was a man who had lived by himself since graduating college, and sat comfortably at 31 years of age. His small, cozy house was a perfect reflection of his personality. It was decorated with colorful artifacts from the various places he had traveled, as well as showcasing numerous books on a wide variety of subjects, most notably philosophy. However, for all of the house’s apparent worldliness, it was all but closed up from the outside world.  All but one of the windows were covered by thick blinds, and the window that wasn’t was a small one that the man was using to watch the sky. Above the fireplace hung a bold picture of the man, apparently camping in some exotic wilderness. And opposite the television hung the skull of an antelope, recovered by the man perhaps on the same camping excursion.
	The man’s tense body was gleaming with sweat. He kept his eyes trained on the television, looking out at the sky whenever he heard a gust, or far off boom of thunder. He tried not looking, but felt uncomfortable when he didn’t know what was happening. The television rambled on at a comfortingly uniform pace.

	It had been 48 minutes. He had counted. The rain came down harder and faster; he felt the house shake as a massive gust swept the landscape; the storm seemed to be upon him, but how could that be so? It was supposed to be another 37 minutes until it hit. He hadn’t planned on this, and being caught so off-guard made the man feel sick. The sirens went off in the distance. To him they sounded like a funeral dirge.
	He tried to relax, but couldn’t. He turned his electric fireplace on, and tried to read a few sentences of his book, written by Aristotle. He threw the book down, and sat in dolorous silence. He jumped every time a strong gust of wind blustered, or a bolt of lightning illuminated the sky. Five minutes seemed like an eternity, and unsurprisingly the storm did not cease.
	The atmosphere quivered and then burst with the explosion of thunder, and quick, deadly arrows of lightning. The man shook, and was tense all over. The dim lights that blanketed the man flickered, and then died. The consoling chatter of the television was silenced, cut off in its prime. The darkness enveloped him, and he felt more alone than ever. The night was suffocating him with its dark shroud, and he nearly screamed. The panic suddenly pounced on him, and he was caught unaware.
	He ran into the kitchen to grab a candle, but there were none. He ran to the drawer in the dining room, and grabbed his flashlight. It was out of batteries. He was unprepared. He berated himself in his head for not having prepared, and swore that if he made it out of the storm, he would make sure his house was completely danger-proof. And he truly believed it. He remembered, in his darkest moment, that he had his cell phone in his pocket, and he still had a signal. He dialed a number he knew by heart, but one he had not dialed in a long while. He hesitated. The rain began pounding harder, and another crash of thunder shook even the inside of the house, causing his precious philosophy books to fall off the shelf. He didn’t pick them up.
	He knew what he had to do, and dialed the number. It rang. Again. Again. Again. Again. The mechanical voice of his mother’s voicemail was the only response he received. A reluctant tear dripped down his face, placing itself on his shirt’s fiery logo.

	The sirens blared louder, and the man ran down the old carpeted stairs of his house into the small basement. The basement was pitch black. The man felt his way into the laundry room, which was without windows, and therefore the safest place to be when the tornado inevitably struck.  The man was cowering against the wall, with no intention of composing himself, when suddenly the unexpected happened. The rain let up. The thunder did not sound. The gusts of wind slowed to mere wisps. He stood up and dusted himself off, starting off to return upstairs. But as he climbed the old stairs, he heard a howling reminiscent of a banshee shrieking. Pieces of debris were slammed into the windows of the house, and almost simultaneously, they all shattered.
	The man bolted downstairs, back to the laundry room. He heard a crash, and it was obvious that the large evergreen tree in the yard had collapsed into the house, perhaps even breaking down the wall. The man was kneeling against the wall, and doing the unthinkable. He had always ascribed to the old theory of Albert Camus, that “religion is philosophical suicide,” and had been adamant about the inexistence of a deity. However in this moment, he prayed harder than anyone had ever prayed before. He swore to whoever was listening that he would forever more be a pious follower of their religion, if he were to be spared. He quietly wept, whilst forming the words of his desperate prayer.

	The five minutes that the storm ravaged the man’s house were hours to the man. He had been spared. He quickly got up and ran upstairs to assess the damage to his house. He picked up a book that had been tossed on the floor, and straightened out his shirt, quickly wiping a tear from his eye. The tree had indeed caved in the wall of his house, and destroyed most of the living room. The man forgot about his prayers, and his self-assurances that he would make preparations for a future disaster, and set to work fixing up the ruin that was his house. He decided he would call the insurance company in the morning, and have a grand time renovating his home, making it even cozier than before. But first he would get a good night’s sleep, and forget all that had transpired.

	But what the man didn’t notice that night was that only one of his exotic decorations had survived the storm. The only artifact that had not been destroyed was the skull of the antelope, hanging quietly and humbly on the wall, seeming to gaze at the destruction with a simple wisdom. The next morning the man noticed the antelope skull on the wall, and, as it brought back memories of the storm, he decided he would give it away. But when he tried to pull the skull off the wall, it wouldn’t budge. The hollow eyes merely gazed past the man, into the distance, where they undoubtedly saw, many miles in the distance, a black storm cloud. And it was heading this way.

title: "Logic's Respite" - short story I wrote. Thoughts? Criticisms?

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the plot of the story.

answer: A man faces a dangerous storm alone in his house while watching the news. The electricity goes out and the house is destroyed by a falling tree. The man prays for a miracle and is spared, but realizes he needs to fix the damage to his house. The only artifact from the storm to survive is the antelope skull hanging on the wall. Even when the man tries to loosen it, it won't budge. The storm cloud is coming back.

text: It is not clear at the end of the story that the storm cloud is literally coming back.

refinement: A man faces a dangerous storm alone in his house while watching the news. The electricity goes out and the house is destroyed by a falling tree. The man prays for a miracle and is spared, but realizes he needs to fix the damage to his house. The only artifact from the storm to survive is the antelope skull hanging on the wall. Even when the man tries to loosen it, it won't budge. The story ends with a mysterious coda: the storm cloud coming back in the eye of the skull.

answer:
The man is preparing for a storm that's due to be hit in 37 minutes. He lives alone in a small house which is fully furnished with a lot of books, artifacts from his travels, and admirable pictures of himself in the wilderness. The specifics of the man in front of the reader is given - from his age, alma mater, house, pictures and books.

The storm hits outside, damaging his house and wiping out electricity, breaking down the walls. The man opts to spend the night in the basement where it's safest. The storm then dissipates and he runs to the living room lest his antelope skull get destroyed.

text: This text is too detail-oriented and contains information not relevant to the plot

refinement: The storm hits outside, damaging his house and wiping out electricity, breaking down the walls. The man opts to spend the night in the basement where it's safest. The storm then dissipates and he runs to the living room lest his antelope skull get destroyed.

text: The story should summarize of what nature the storm is

refinement: A man faces a dangerous storm alone in his house while watching the news. The electricity goes out and the house is destroyed by a falling tree. The man prays for a miracle and is spared, but realizes he needs to fix the damage to his house. The only artifact from the storm to survive is the antelope skull hanging on the wall. Even when the man tries to loosen it, it won't budge. The story ends with a mysterious coda: the storm cloud coming back in the eye of the skull.

answer: The protagonist lives alone and starts a storm alone in his house. As the storm progresses, he becomes anxious and frantic. The lights go out, and the house is damaged when a tree falls into it. The protagonist prays for survival, and is spared. The following morning, he realizes the antelope skull he had hung on the wall was unharmed and decides to give it away. However, the antelope skull refuses to be removed from the wall and serves as a constant reminder of the storm's damage to the house. The protagonist can now set to repairing the house and making it better.

answer:
In part one of the text, the man receives warnings that a storm is going to hit his area, but the narrator is not sure what this has to do with him. He remembers having made himself safe once, years ago, when a storm hit. He decides to analyze the various factors; if there will be a space storm, if his house will last through the expected event, and so on. He locks his house and goes to bed, recalling the numerous disaster films he's seen. He decides to go to bed early and forces himself to sleep.

He wakes to loud gusts around him. There is moderate rain and loud thunder. He finds all the windows getting smashed and puts his flashlight through the window and uses it as protection. He gets a branch for protection, but then the trees come and attack him. He becomes just like a sports person yelling, and is not surprised when the house gets blown up in the tornado that hits. He wakes up the next day, initially wondering if the tornado did take him, how he would "fix" the ruins. He quickly slices through the storm sundy safely.

In the second part, he calls his mother, and doesn't say much. He ponders why he did this and then counts down when the tornado is on its way. It blows away the roof of his house as he hides. Later, an antelope skull he had on his wall survived and he decides to give it away. However, when he tried to remove it, it wouldn't budge.

text: The entire summary sacrifices brevity for detail at the expense of readability.

refinement: A man faces a dangerous storm alone in his house while watching the news. The electricity goes out and the house is destroyed by a falling tree. The man prays for a miracle and is spared, but realizes he needs to fix the damage to his house. The only artifact from the storm to survive is the antelope skull hanging on the wall. Even when the man tries to loosen it, it won't budge. The story ends with a mysterious coda: the storm cloud coming back in the eye of the skull.

answer: A man lives by himself and watches a storm come in. The storm lasts for 48 minutes until the power goes out. The man calls his mother and hides in the basement. A tree collapses onto his house, and the man starts to pray. Five minutes later, the storm stops, the man's prayers seemingly answered. The man forgets his prayers, and an antelope skull on the wall watches another storm in the distance.

text: this is a mysterious effect

refinement: A man lives by himself and watches a storm come in. The storm lasts for 48 minutes until the power goes out. The man calls his mother and hides in the basement. A tree collapses onto his house, and the man starts to pray. Five minutes later, the storm stops, the man's prayers seemingly answered. The man forgets his prayers, and an antelope skull on the wall mysteriously watches another storm in the distance. It is unclear whether it is coming back.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about the man?

answer: The man is homeless, living in his house. He graduates college in the midst of a storm, living on his own but rarely leaving his home after that. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a week's vacation after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and 	garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his situation.

text: Contradiction of terms

refinement: The man lives alone in his house. He graduates college in the midst of a storm, living on his own but rarely leaving his home after that. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a week's vacation after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and 	garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his situation.

text: He does not graduate in the middle of a storm

refinement: The man lives alone in his house. He graduates college living on his own but rarely leaving his home after that. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a week's vacation after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and 	garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his situation.

text: Unclear where vacation comes from

refinement: The man lives alone in his house. He graduates college living on his own but rarely leaving his home after that. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and 	garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his situation.

text: remove the extra spaces

refinement: The man lives alone in his house. He graduates college living on his own but rarely leaving his home after that. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his situation.

text: not situation, but personality

refinement: The man lives alone in his house. He graduates college living on his own but rarely leaving his home after that. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his supposedly adventurous personality.

answer: The text describes the man as stressed, relatively young and alone. He is lonely and relies on the television for comfort and information. The man is unprepared for the devastating storm and he prays for his safety. Despite his previous disbelief in religious doctrine, the man finds himself praying for his safety in the face of danger. The man survives the storm and sets to work repairing the damage. The antelope skull survives the storm and the man understands the significance of protecting it.

text: Describe his education

refinement: The text describes the man as stressed, relatively young and alone. He graduated from a prestigious college. He is lonely and relies on the television for comfort and information. The man is unprepared for the devastating storm and he prays for his safety. Despite his previous disbelief in religious doctrine, the man finds himself praying for his safety in the face of danger. The man survives the storm and sets to work repairing the damage. The antelope skull survives the storm and the man understands the significance of protecting it.

answer: The man is living on his own since graduating college. He owns both a house and a car. He is 31 years old. A man with a passion for reading and learning. He is of Caucasian descent. He has been living by himself for quite some time. He may have a dog.

text: Neither of these things are extant

refinement: The man is living on his own since graduating college. He owns both a house and a car. He is 31 years old. A man with a passion for reading and learning. He has been living by himself for quite some time.

text: Add more information about his personality

refinement: The man is living on his own since graduating college. He owns both a house and a car. He is 31 years old. A man with a passion for reading and learning. He has been living by himself for quite some time. However, he lives a fairly comfortable life with books and furniture bought during his travels, and the money to fix his house after a summer storm. His tastes are neat and clean, with a slight edginess-a small colourful skull opposite the tv proved evidence he liked to spend time in places that aren't full of picnics and garden parties. Finally, his reaction to the storm is considered textbook for being unprepared-strange given his supposedly adventurous personality.

answer: According to the text, the man went to a prestigious school and lived alone. There were many artifacts from his travels, and had a number of books, especially philosophy books. The man has not prepared for any storm, and nearly panics when the power goes out. He calls his mother but gets no response. He says he does not believe in any deity, but turns to prayer as he waits out the storm. After the danger has passed, the man immediately forgets his promises of preparedness and those he made while praying, and goes back to his old ways.

answer: The text presents the man as feeling isolated and alone in a dangerous storm, though he refuses to give up despite having no preparations in place. He regrets not having stocked up on candles and batteries for his flashlight, and prays for his safety. The storm wreaks havoc in his house but the man manages to survive, both mentally and physically. Even though he had previously given up on religion, the antelope skull survives. This inspires the man, and motivates him to remake the house and make it better than before.

text: It is not this that inspires the man and does not cause him to return to religion

refinement: The text presents the man as feeling isolated and alone in a dangerous storm, though he refuses to give up despite having no preparations in place. He regrets not having stocked up on candles and batteries for his flashlight, and prays for his safety. The storm wreaks havoc in his house but the man manages to survive, both mentally and physically. After the danger has passed, the man immediately forgets his promises of preparedness and those he made while praying, and goes back to his old ways.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize what the man prays for and who he was likely praying to.

answer: After a disastrous storm, the man is left alone and afraid. He prays to whatever deity might be listening, begging for mercy and protection. He was likely praying to whatever deity he believed in or spiritually identified with.

text: He does not believe in any deity

refinement: After a disastrous storm, the man is left alone and afraid. He prays to whatever deity might be listening, begging for mercy and protection. He does this although he does not believe in any deity.

answer: The man prays to whoever was listening to make it through the storm so that he can live. He was likely praying to a deity because he was desperate and needed help, though he doesn't believe in them. Hope is what kept this man alive.

text: That is quite a statement that is not borne out from the text. There is nothing about hope mentioned there

refinement: The man prays to whoever was listening to make it through the storm so that he can live. He was likely praying to a deity because he was desperate and needed help, though he doesn't believe in them.

answer: The man was praying for his life and was likely praying to a god, because he stated that if he survived the night, he would worship the god for keeping him safe in the storm.

text: He says he was praying to whatever god was listening

refinement: The man was praying for his life to whatever being was listening, because he stated that if he survived the night, he would worship the god for keeping him safe in the storm.

answer: The man prays for protection from the coming tornado. He was likely praying to whatever deity he believes in that he would be spared.

text: He says he was praying to whatever deity was listening

refinement: The man prays for protection from the coming tornado. He was praying to whatever deity might be listening that he would be spared.

answer: The man does not believe in a deity, but prays to whoever is listening. He swore that if he was saved, he would be a pious follower of their religion, and cried while praying. The man was spared five minutes later, and forgot his promises. The antelope skull was the only artifact to survive the storm, and the man tries to get rid of it. The skull refuses to move, and it sees a storm brewing in the distance.


title: Loikaw University

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where is Loikaw University situated?

answer: Loikaw University is situated in Loikaw Township in the Kayah State of Myanmar.

text: LOIKAW UNIVERSITY () is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar.

answer: Loikaw University is located in the Loikaw Township in Kayah State, Myanmar.

text: LOIKAW UNIVERSITY () is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar.

answer: In Kayah State, Myanmar.

text: The answer is incomplete.

refinement: LOIKAW UNIVERSITY () is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar.

answer: Loikaw University is located in Kayah State, Myanmar.

text: The answer is incomplete

refinement: LOIKAW UNIVERSITY () is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar.

answer: Loikaw University is situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar.

text: LOIKAW UNIVERSITY () is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What did Loikaw University research on?

answer: Loikaw University researched the preservation of the Thanlwin River. The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The answer contains superfluous information

refinement: Loikaw University researched the preservation of the Thanlwin River.

text: In 2014, along with other Burmese universities, the Loikaw university engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

answer: it engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river and the department of geology discovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The answer contains superfluous information.

refinement: it engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

text: In 2014, along with other Burmese universities, the Loikaw university engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

answer: Loikaw University engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river. The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The answer contains superfluous information

refinement: Loikaw University engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

text: In 2014, along with other Burmese universities, the Loikaw university engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

answer: Loikaw University, along with other Burmese universities, engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

text: In 2014, along with other Burmese universities, the Loikaw university engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

answer: It engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

text: In 2014, along with other Burmese universities, the Loikaw university engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What did the Department of Geology discover?

answer: The Department of Geology at Loikaw University discovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous era.

text: The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

answer: The department of geology at Loikaw University uncovered two trilobite species dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

answer: The Department of Geology uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

answer: The Department of Geology discovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

answer: They uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area.

text: The department of geology also uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: LOIKAW UNIVERSITY is a university located in Kayah State, Myanmar. This institution is currently involved in research to protect the Thanlwin river and has uncovered two trilobite species from the carboniferous period.

answer:
The Loikaw University is situated in Kayah State, Myanmar.

It engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river in 2014.

The department of geology also uncovered 2 trilobite species dating back two million years.

text: The Carboniferous period is a lot more than 2 million years ago.

refinement:
The Loikaw University is situated in Kayah State, Myanmar.

It engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river in 2014.

The department of geology also uncovered 2 trilobite species dating back to the Carboniferous era.

answer: Loikaw University is a Burmese university located in Loikaw Township. Along with others universities, it's researched to preserve the Thanlwin River. Also, its Department of Geology has uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous.

text: Some grammatical errors

refinement: Loikaw University is a Burmese university located in Loikaw Township. Along with other universities, it researched the preservation of the Thanlwin River. Its geology department uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area dating back to the carboniferous era.

answer: Loikaw University is located in Kayah State, Myanmar. The institution engages in research projects for the preservation of the Thanlwin river and has uncovered two trilobite species dating back to the carboniferous.

text: The research was in the past.

refinement: Loikaw University is located in Kayah State, Myanmar. The institution engaged in research projects for the preservation of the Thanlwin river and has uncovered two trilobite species dating back to the carboniferous.

answer: Loikaw University is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar. The university has only been active since 2014. The department of geology has uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area.

text: The University was established in 1982.

refinement: Loikaw University is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar. In 2014, along with other Burmese universities, the Loikaw university engaged in research to preserve the Thanlwin river. The department of geology has uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area.

text: More information is possible

refinement: Loikaw University is a university situated in Loikaw Township, Kayah State, Myanmar. The department of geology has uncovered two trilobite species from the Taungnyo area.