text:
[Shalom Ouanounou]Toronto, Canada – The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow.

Hundreds of members of Toronto’s Jewish community packed the courtroom in support of Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support.

Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th.

He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors at Humber River Hospital as reported by CBC News Toronto (http://bit.ly/2ynxXob) but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs.

A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. A letter circulated this week by Ouanounou’s parents that appears on social media said that their son’s cardiopulmonary function is “very much working.”

According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law.

“Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou. “Anything less than continuing Shalom’s life support is a failure to accommodate his lifelong, firmly held religious beliefs.”

Meir HaLevi Weinstein, who ran a live stream of the court hearing on Facebook, posted that the judge “scolded the lawyer for the hospital” and “that many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.”

Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

BELOW VIDEO: Over 1,000 religious Jews attended the courthouse.(Meir HaLevi Weinstein)

question: Who is Shalom Ouanounou?

answer: He is a 25-year-old door and window installer from Toronto, Canada who is also studying business at a local college.

text: parts of the answer need to be in past tense because of the accident.

refinement: He is a 25-year-old door and window installer from Toronto, Canada who was also studying business at a local college.

text: The answer omits an important fact about his life - his legal case after an accident

refinement: He is a 25-year-old door and window installer from Toronto, Canada who was also studying business at a local college but was declared brain dead after a heart attack.

text: 'Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer'

text: 'Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support'

answer: Shalom Ouanounou is a 25 year old man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September.

answer: Shalom Ouanounou is a 25-year-old man who was declared brain dead after suffering a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack. His family is fighting to keep him on life support, and a judge has granted an injunction preventing the hospital from discontinuing treatment.

text: 'Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack'

text: 'Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support'

answer: Shalom Ouanounou is a 25 year old man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September.

question: What is Shalom's relationship with Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou?

answer: Nissim and Rivka are Shalom's parents.

text: 'Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support'

answer: Shalom is the son of Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou.

text: 'Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support'

answer: Shalom is their 25 year old son.

text: 'Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support'

answer: Shalom is the son of Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou.

text: 'Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support'

question: Define Shalom's belief in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law.

answer: Shalom's belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism.

text: The answer does not provide a "definition" of life as requested. It defines murder.

answer: Discontinuing life support when a person is declared brain dead is considered murder because it goes against the fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, which is the foundation of Judaism.

text: The answer does not provide a "definition" of life as requested. It defines murder.

answer: According to the passage, Shalom Ouanounou believes that discontinuing life support in certain circumstances is considered murder, and is therefore contrary to his religious beliefs. Jewish law defines death as the cessation of both the heart and the breathing, and as such, Ouanounou believes that discontinuing life support would be considered murder.

text: The answer does not provide a "definition" of life as requested. It defines murder.

answer: Shalom believes that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism.

text: The answer does not provide a "definition" of life as requested. It defines murder.

question: How did Shalom end up in the hospital?

answer: Shalom Ouanounou suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack.

answer: He suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack and has been on a ventilator ever since.

answer: Shalom suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack.

answer: Shalom Ouanounou was hospitalized after suffering a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: Shalom Ouanounou, a 25-year-old man, suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack. He was declared brain dead three days later. His father, Nissim Ouanounou, challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son's religious beliefs. The judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment. The judge scolded the lawyer for the hospital and many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.

text: The scolding and weeping is not relevant, but it should be noted the hudge issued a ruling that gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating'

refinement: Shalom Ouanounou, a 25-year-old man, suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack. He was declared brain dead three days later. His father, Nissim Ouanounou, challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son's religious beliefs. The judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment. The judge issued a ruling that gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: The final sentence can be shortened.

refinement: Shalom Ouanounou, a 25-year-old man, suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack. He was declared brain dead three days later. His father, Nissim Ouanounou, challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son's religious beliefs. The judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment. The judge issued a ruling that gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: 'Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th.'

text: 'A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law.'

answer: Shalom Ouanounou, 25, is studying business at a local school in Toronto, Canada while working as a door and window installer. He suffers a heart attack after a severe asthma attack and has been on a ventilator ever since. Shalom was declared 'brain dead' after three days by doctors at the Humber River Hospital, who wanted to discontinue Shaloom's life support even if his cardiopulmonary function was working. Shalom's father, Nissim, challenged the hospital's decision in court, saying it was incompatible with his son's religious (Judaism) beliefs about the sanctity of human life. The Ouanounou's won the case, which gives them time to seek alternative arrangements for Shalom while obligating the hospital to take life-saving measures if Shalom's heart stops beating.

answer: A Toronto man who was declared brain dead in September has been granted an injunction that will prevent his hospital from discontinuing life-saving treatment. The family's hope is that they will be able to find an alternative arrangement for their son, and the hospital is obligated to continue providing life-saving measures should his heart stop beating. Hundreds of members of the local Jewish community attended the court hearing in support of the family.

answer: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Hundreds of members of Toronto’s Jewish community packed the courtroom in support of Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors at Humber River Hospital as reported by CBC News Toronto (http://bit.ly/2ynxXob) but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. A letter circulated this week by Ouanounou’s parents that appears on social media said that their son’s cardiopulmonary function is “very much working.” According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law. “Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou. “Anything less than continuing Shalom’s life support is a failure to accommodate his lifelong, firmly held religious beliefs.” Meir HaLevi Weinstein, who ran a live stream of the court hearing on Facebook, posted that the judge “scolded the lawyer for the hospital” and “that many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.” Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: Answer is too long. 'Hundreds of members of Toronto’s Jewish community packed the courtroom in support of Nissim and Rivka Ouanounou’s efforts to keep their 25 year old son Shalom on life support.' is not needed.

refinement: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors at Humber River Hospital as reported by CBC News Toronto (http://bit.ly/2ynxXob) but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. A letter circulated this week by Ouanounou’s parents that appears on social media said that their son’s cardiopulmonary function is “very much working.” According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law. “Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou. “Anything less than continuing Shalom’s life support is a failure to accommodate his lifelong, firmly held religious beliefs.” Meir HaLevi Weinstein, who ran a live stream of the court hearing on Facebook, posted that the judge “scolded the lawyer for the hospital” and “that many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.” Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: Answer is too long. 'A letter circulated this week by Ouanounou’s parents that appears on social media said that their son’s cardiopulmonary function is “very much working.”' is not needed.

refinement: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors at Humber River Hospital as reported by CBC News Toronto (http://bit.ly/2ynxXob) but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law. “Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou. “Anything less than continuing Shalom’s life support is a failure to accommodate his lifelong, firmly held religious beliefs.” Meir HaLevi Weinstein, who ran a live stream of the court hearing on Facebook, posted that the judge “scolded the lawyer for the hospital” and “that many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.” Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: Answer is too long. ' at Humber River Hospital as reported by CBC News Toronto (http://bit.ly/2ynxXob)' is not needed.

refinement: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law. “Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou. “Anything less than continuing Shalom’s life support is a failure to accommodate his lifelong, firmly held religious beliefs.” Meir HaLevi Weinstein, who ran a live stream of the court hearing on Facebook, posted that the judge “scolded the lawyer for the hospital” and “that many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.” Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: Answer is too long. '“Anything less than continuing Shalom’s life support is a failure to accommodate his lifelong, firmly held religious beliefs.” Meir HaLevi Weinstein, who ran a live stream of the court hearing on Facebook, posted that the judge “scolded the lawyer for the hospital” and “that many of the Jews in attendance applauded the judge and wept.”' is not needed.

refinement: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law. “Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou. Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: Answer is too long. “Shalom’s belief is that discontinuing life support in these circumstances is murder and therefore contrary to his fundamental belief in the sanctity of human life, a belief that is the foundation of Judaism,” wrote Nissim Ouanounou.' is not needed.

refinement: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law.  Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.

text: Anwer is too long, 'According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO),' is not needed

refinement: The family of a Toronto man who was declared brain dead by doctors in September is heaving a sigh of relief after a judge granted an injunction that will prevent a Canadian hospital from discontinuing life saving treatment tomorrow. Shalom Ouanounou, who was studying business at a local college and working as a door and window installer, has been on a ventilator ever since he suffered a heart attack as a result of a severe asthma attack on September 27th. He was declared brain dead three days later by doctors but his father challenged the death certificate, calling it incompatible with his son’s religious beliefs. A notice of application filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that Canadian laws that rely exclusively on brain activity as a measure of life violate his son’s religious liberties as guaranteed by Canadian law. According to The National Post (http://bit.ly/2ymfNmO), an affadavit filed by Nissim Ouanounou said that his son had specified that he believed in the definition of death as outlined in Jewish law.  Today’s ruling gives the Ouanounous time to seek out alternative arrangements for their son and also obligates the hospital to take life saving measures should Ouanounou’s heart stop beating.


split: train

text:
Written by Nisha Nambiar | Pune | Updated: June 8, 2016 6:12:43 pm

 [monsoon, monsoon arrival, india monsoon, monsoon in india, monsoon onset, kerala, kerala monsoon, kerala news, kerala rain, rainy season, met department] People enjoying in the Arabian sea against the backdrop of monsoon clouds in Kochi, Kerala (PTI Photo)

The Met Department on Wednesday declared the south-west monsoon onset over Kerala, a day later than what was announced in the earlier forecast. However with a plus or minus four days error, the Met Department have said that has come in well within the forecast period.

“We had maintained that the south west monsoon would touch the Kerala coast before June 9 and after observing the strengthning of winds and rainfall activity over Kerala, Lakshadweep and coastal Tamil Nadu we declared the onset over Kerala after checking for all the parameters,”said IMD, Pune Director (weather forecast) Sunita Devi after issuing the monsoon onset in the country.

WATCH VIDEO: WHY THE MONSOONS ARE DELAYED & SHOULD WE WORRY?

She said in the present condition, the south-west monsoon seems to be in a normal pace and even as there was a slight delay of one week, it should cover the country well within the period announced as of July 15.

The conditions observed by the Met Department included monitoring the 14 stations of Kerala reporting widespread rainfall for the last 48 hours with more than 60 per cent of the station reporting rainfall on June 8. The other parameters included the intensity of the westerly and west southwesterly winds over the South Ariabian sea, and the outgoing longwave radiation value which basically shows the cloudiness over the region.

ALSO READ: Why a late monsoon may not matter

“These conditions were fulfilled on Wednesday in our monitoring. We were monitoring the same from May 10 this year. Earlier when there was an enhanced rainfall activity over Kerala during May 31-June 3, the westerly winds had not reached the required depth. It is not just the rainfall but the winds_both in speed as well as depth that determine the setting of southwest monsoon over Kerala as the process to a certain extent ensures the further advancement over the peninsular India subsequently,”said Sunita Devi.

Watch video

The onset was delayed by a week and the statistical model used by the department had declared that the monsoon onset is likely to set over Kerala on June 7, with a model error of plus or minus four days. The onset of the southwest monsoon over Kerala represents the start of the rainy season for the country. The normal date is June 1 and the model to predict the onset using six predictors_minimum temperatures over north-west India, pre-monsoon rainfall peak over south peninsula, outgoing long wave radiation over South China sea, lower tropospheric zonal wind over southeast Indian ocean, upper tropospheric zonal wind over east equatorial Indian ocean and outgoing long wave radiation over the south west Pacific region. The model has been issuing forecast for the onset by this indigenously developed model which gives the date with a plus or minus 4 days.

The monsoon, which marks the beginning of the rainy season in the country, is crucial for India’s farmers, especially with several states grappling with drought-related conditions.

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-   Tags:
-   Kerala
-   monsoon

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about how monsoons form?

answer: No answer

answer: The details of how monsoon forms is not available.

answer: No answer

answer: The text does not discuss how monsoons form.

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about the southwest monsoon onset over Kerala?

answer: The Met Department on June 8 declared the onset of the southwest monsoon over Kerala, a day later than what was announced in the earlier forecast. The onset was delayed by a week and the statistical model used by the department had declared that the monsoon onset is likely to set over Kerala on June 7, with a model error of plus or minus four days. The onset of the southwest monsoon over Kerala represents the start of the rainy season for the country.

answer: The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala was declared on Wednesday by the Met Department. The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala is the start of the rainy season for the country. The normal date of the southwest monsoon onset is June 1. The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala was delayed by a week and the statistical model used by the department had declared that the monsoon onset is likely to set over Kerala on June 7, with a model error of plus or minus four days.

answer: The Indian Meteorological Department declared that the southwest monsoon would be due on June 9. However, it was delayed by a week, and the department cited the extensive rainfall over Kerala as a precaution. The Met said that it issued reports on the onset a day later than what was announced in the forecast. The department monitored 14 stations of Kerala reporting widespread rainfall for the past week and more than 60 percent for the past 48 hours. The other parameters included the intensity of the westerly and west southwesterly winds over the South Arabian sea and the outgoing longwave radiation value that shows cloudiness over the region.

text: "The other parameters" doesn't make sense in the context

refinement: The Indian Meteorological Department declared that the southwest monsoon would be due on June 9. However, it was delayed by a week, and the department cited the extensive rainfall over Kerala as a precaution. The Met said that it issued reports on the onset a day later than what was announced in the forecast. The department monitored 14 stations of Kerala reporting widespread rainfall for the past week and more than 60 percent for the past 48 hours.

answer: The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala was declared on Wednesday by the Met Department. The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala is the start of the rainy season for the country. The normal date of the southwest monsoon onset is June 1.

answer: The Indian Meteorological Department declared that the southwest monsoon would be due on June 9. However, it was delayed by a week, and the department cited the extensive rainfall over Kerala as a precaution. The Met said that it issued reports on the onset a day later than what was announced in the forecast. The department monitored 14 stations of Kerala reporting widespread rainfall for the past week and more than 60 percent for the past 48 hours. The other parameters included the intensity of the westerly and west southwesterly winds over the South Arabian sea, and the outgoing longwave radiation value that shows cloudiness over the region.

text: Remove unsupported/incoherent information

refinement: The Indian Meteorological Department declared that the southwest monsoon would be due on June 9. However, it was delayed by a week. The department monitored 14 stations of Kerala reporting widespread rainfall for the past week and more than 60 percent for the past 48 hours. The other parameters included the intensity of the westerly and west southwesterly winds over the South Arabian sea, and the outgoing longwave radiation value that shows cloudiness over the region.

answer: The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala was declared a day later than what was announced in the earlier forecast. With the Met Department calculating with a plus or minus four days error, the southwest monsoon onset over later day and season conditions between the prediction and the real time conditions.

text: The second sentence is incoherent

refinement: The southwest monsoon onset over Kerala was declared a day later than what was announced in the earlier forecast. The Met Department had calculated the date with a plus or minus four days error.

answer: The Met Department on June 8 declared the onset of the southwest monsoon over Kerala, a day later than what was announced in the earlier forecast. The onset was delayed by a week and the statistical model used by the department had declared that the monsoon onset is likely to set over Kerala on June 7, with a model error of plus or minus four days.


text:
Sep 23 • News • 7884 Views • Comments Off on Meshuggah to release new album towards the end of 2015

Swedish Metal giants MESHUGGAH have started writing new material for the upcoming album . In an recent interview TOMAS HAAKE did with Metalbase India he confirmed that the band are trying to release the album by LATE 2015 OR EARLY 2016. Tomas said ‘_We are writing right now , as usual its a slow process and its gonna take some time. We are probably looking at the earliest late 2015 or early 2016. So its going to take a while and that’s not only a matter of our writing and recording process being lengthy , but nowadays we have to really listen to what our label has to say and we want our album to be a priority release._‘

Meshuggah new full length album would be the bands EIGHTH full length album. This album would follow the highly acclaimed 2012 release KOLOSS. The band had been extensively touring to promote their new album , but now are taking some time off from the live space and are busy writing their next album.

Tomas also told us that the new songs are complex and rhythmically tough. The fans have to be patient , but trust me the wait will be worth it.

Following is a excerpt from the chat we had with Tomas Haake
http://metalbase.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Meshuggah-Interview-pt1-mp3cut.net_.mp3

The following two tabs change content below.

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question: What is Meshuggah?

answer: Meshuggah is a Swedish metal band.

answer: Meshuggah is a Swedish heavy metal band. Tomas Haake is one of the band's members. The band had been touring to promote their new album and is now busy writing their next.

text: I think it's sufficient to say they are a Swedish metal band

refinement: Meshuggah is a Swedish heavy metal band.

answer: Swedish Metal giants.

text: Clarify that they are a metal band

answer: Meshuggah is a Swedish metal band. They are currently working on their eighth album, which is expected to be released sometime late in 2015 or early 2016.

text: I think it's sufficient to say they are a Swedish metal band

question: When will the next album be released?

answer: According to the passage, the new album from Meshuggah is expected to be released in late 2015 or early 2016.

answer: The next album is expected late 2015 or early 2016. According to Tomas, they are listening to their label and want the new album to be a priority release.

text: I think it's sufficient to say late 2015 or early 2016

refinement: The next album is expected late 2015 or early 2016.

answer: Late 2015 or early 2016

answer: The next album will be released in late 2015 or early 2016.

question: Is the new album taking long to create?

answer: Yes, Tomas says it will take a while.

answer: Yes, but not becuase of the way the band creates music and songs,

text: Tomas says "as usual it's a slow process" which implies that it is partly because of how the band creates songs

answer: Yes, the new album is taking a long time to create.

text: Tomas says "as usual its a slow process"

answer: From the passage, it seems that the new album is taking some time to create, as the band are "writing right now" and it is "going to take some time."

text: The exact quote is "gonna take some time"

refinement: From the passage, it seems that the new album is taking some time to create, as the band are "writing right now" and it is "gonna take some time."

question: How many albums has Meshuggah released?

answer: Eight.

text: Their forthcoming album will be their eighth, but so far they have released seven

answer: The band has released 7 albums, the next one the will release will be the eighth.

text: Fix the grammar of "the next one the will release"

refinement: The band has released 7 albums, the release will be the eighth.

answer: Meshuggah has released eight albums.

text: Their forthcoming album will be their eighth, but so far they have released seven

refinement: Meshuggah has released seven albums so far.

answer: Eight.

text: Their forthcoming album will be their eighth, but so far they have released seven

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Swedish metal band Meshuggah are currently writing their next album, which is expected to be released in late 2015 or early 2016. The album is said to be complex and rhythmically challenging, and fans should be patient as the wait will be worth it.

answer: Scandanavian heavy metal band Meshuggah will be releasing their eighth album. In an interview with Tomas Haake, the new songs are complex and rhythmically tough, and it will be worth the wait for fans.

text: Fix the grammar of "In an interview with Tomas Haake, the new songs are"

refinement: Scandanavian heavy metal band Meshuggah will be releasing their eighth album. In an interview with Tomas Haake, he says the new songs are complex and rhythmically tough, and it will be worth the wait for fans.

answer:
Swedish Metal giants MESHUGGAH have started writing new material for the upcoming album. In an recent interview TOMAS HAAKE did with Metalbase India he confirmed that the band are trying to release the album by LATE 2015 OR EARLY 2016. Tomas said ‘_We are writing right now , as usual its a slow process and its gonna take some time. We are probably looking at the earliest late 2015 or early 2016. So its going to take a while and that’s not only a matter of our writing and recording process being lengthy , but nowadays we have to really listen to what our label has to say and we want our album to be a priority release._‘

Meshuggah new full length album would be the bands EIGHTH full length album. This album would follow the highly acclaimed 2012 release KOLOSS. The band had been extensively touring to promote their new album , but now are taking some time off from the live space and are busy writing their next album.

Tomas also told us that the new songs are complex and rhythmically tough. The fans have to be patient , but trust me the wait will be worth it.

text: Everything after the estimated release of the new album is unnecessary

refinement: Swedish Metal giants MESHUGGAH have started writing new material for the upcoming album. In an recent interview TOMAS HAAKE did with Metalbase India he confirmed that the band are trying to release the album by LATE 2015 OR EARLY 2016.

text: Fix capitalization

refinement: Swedish Metal giants Meshuggah have started writing new material for the upcoming album. In an recent interview Tomas Haake did with Metalbase India he confirmed that the band are trying to release the album by late 2015 or early 2016.

answer: The article is about Swedish metal band Meshuggah, and their upcoming album. Tomas Haake, the drummer, says that the band is writing new material for the album, and that it will be released in late 2015 or early 2016.

text: Tomas's role in the band is not stated in the input

refinement: The article is about Swedish metal band Meshuggah, and their upcoming album. Tomas Haake says that the band is writing new material for the album, and that it will be released in late 2015 or early 2016.


text:
It's a little dark but enjoy! Looking for lots of constructive criticism.

It's a little past four in the morning. A middle aged man, cigarette between his fingers, is walking down the street. He's dressed in dark clothes, his long hair is dripping from the light rain. His black shirt reflects both the darkness that he feels internally and sees in each unlit alleyway he passes. He had just gotten off work at a nearby gas station. Everyday he stands at the counter like a mindless robot, serving an endless stream of disgruntled customers. His name tag, which reads "Justin", fails to make the man feel any more human. The customers are typically assholes but the man has grown used to it by now. He's just relieved that the store wasn't robbed tonight. He still has the scars both mentally and physically from last time. The man takes a deep drag of his Marlboro as he runs his fingers along the sewn up gash on his cheek. He remembers staring down the barrel of the 12 gauge that disfigured him. "Fuck." The man tosses his jack and lights another.

It is a warm summer night, a soft drizzle sprinkles down on the concrete. The luminous full moon overhead and traffic lights light up the street. The dazzling array of colors play across the wet pavement like the dancing woman tattooed on his left arm. His pace is slow and relaxed, his hands in the pockets of his faded and worn shorts. While walking he discreetly scans his surroundings for the ever present danger that defines this neighborhood. He has been living here for almost all his life.

To his right is the playground where he used to play as a kid. His old favorite slide has long ago lost its vibrant yellow paint and is now a dull grey. The swings no longer exist and the jungle jim has been reduced to a rusted conglomeration of jagged metal. The current rain contributing to its continuing demise. He remembers being young and carefree, he remembers enjoying his life before it crumbled apart before his young eyes. His mom used to take him to this park. He would run and play as she socialized with other mothers. He used to play with other children on the soft grass for hours at a time. Sometimes he and his parents would have picnics under the beautiful blue sky. They would lay on their backs and gaze up at the billowing clouds. Everything seemed just about perfect. But it wasn't perfect. As they enjoyed themselves in a blissful ignorance, cancer was slowly spreading through his mother's bloodstream.

The man snaps back to reality. He is approaching an alley where he was mugged a few nights ago. As the gas station employee draws nearer, his heart speeds up. His hand clenches the razor sharp switchblade in his pocket. His tired eyes are fixed on alleyway as he continues to approach, drops of rain still dripping off his disheveled hair. He draws nearer and nearer. 20 feet. 10 feet. The moment of truth. Nothing. The man relaxes his tense muscles and let's go of his knife. He's all alone on the street. He likes the serenity of the normally bustling city in the early morning. Other than the man, there are no signs of life in this part of the sprawling concrete jungle.

Although his apartment is only a few blocks away, he decides to take a detour. He wants to see his old house again. The man takes a left down 5th. The rain is starting to pick up. The pitter patter sound of raindrops is gradually drowned out by sirens in the distance. The sirens grow louder and louder as two cruisers approach. The police lights reflect off the wet brick walls around the man in a flashing dualism of blue and red. The crown victorians tear down the street, splashing the man as they speed by. "Fuckin pigs." The man mutters. Another cigarette and the man reaches his old home.

He gazes on the vacant two story brick building in which he resided for the first decade of his life. There used to be a small garden in the front. The red and yellow flowers were often complemented by passing pedestrians.  Now the flower bed is filled with broken glass and various pieces of trash. Every window on the building is smashed. Wide cracks run down the front door. It is hanging on to the sad structure by one hinge. The man pushes the door back and walks inside. The interior is also filled with broken glass. Graffiti covers every wall that isn't destroyed. Glass crunches underfoot as he walks through the abandoned hallways and up the rickety staircase. The stairs creak and moan under the man's weight.

The man soon reaches his old bedroom. He runs his hand along the doorframe as he remembers barricading himself in the room when his drunk father tried to beat him. Sometimes the fortifications held up, sometimes they didn't. His father wasn't always a violent alcoholic. It started when leukemia stole his wife from him. He would beat his son in a drunken stupor until that chilly October day child services showed up. A concerned teacher called them after she noticed bruises constantly appearing on Justin's small body. Justin distinctly remembers being taken from the house by two government workers. His father just stood in the doorway, bottle in hand, as they bureaucrats put the young boy in the back of their white car. Justin was sobbing because he loved his father even after the regular verbal and physical abuse. He never saw his dad again after that day. He drifted from unloving foster home to foster home until he was an adult.

Suddenly a bolt of lightning lights up the room in a brilliant flash, followed by a loud boom of thunder. It's time for the man to go back to his apartment. He leaves his old home. As he's walking out, he wishes he could leave behind the bad memories that haunt both his memory and the house. Stepping outside into a dismal down pour, the man briskly makes his way back to his apartment. By the time he gets back he is soaking wet. The socks within his shoes are soggy and squeak each time he takes a step. He takes off his wet clothes and puts on a dry outfit. He turns on the TV but all he can hear is his neighbors. The walls are extremely thin. Every word of the couples heated argument can be heard. As well as the cry of an infant, distressed by his or her parents incessant fighting.

The man reaches under his old and uncomfortable couch, retrieving his dwindling stash. Another bolt of lightning cracks outside as he picks out a small amount of heroin from the tiny plastic bag. He readies the essentials: a spoon, cotton ball, syringe and lighter. Needle in mouth, he holds the green bic under the spoon. Once the dope is thoroughly heated, he takes the syringe from his mouth and draws in the powerful opiate. He postulates on the events of his life that have brought him to this point. A tear slides down the man's face and onto the bare floor. He knows he needs to stop using but nothing else numbs the pain.  Yet another crack of lightning.  He inserts the needle into this arm. Justin watches his blood mix with the drug, holding back more tears. Then he pushes the heroin into his bloodstream. After several seconds the world around him becomes exponentially more bearable. He is no longer aware of the torrential downpour outside and now frequent lightning. He is no longer aware of his obnoxious neighbors. Or his achy body. Or his hopeless situation. He drifts off into a realm of pure pleasure, temporarily permitted to escape the living hell in which he spends every sober moment of his waking life.

title: First time posting and first short story I've ever done

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

what kind of message is the writer trying to deliver?

answer: Maybe that addiction and heroin ruin lives no matter what. Or maybe the writer is simply trying to show a dark passage from reality.

answer: The writer is conveying a message about feeling alone in a dark and dreary world. The author laments the harsh realities of life and the pain he feels. Ultimately, he resorts to heroin as a means of escape.

answer: On the surface, it appears that the writer is saying that life can be so bad that the only recourse is to take drugs in order to make it bearable, even if only temporary. However, much of the narrative focuses on building the foundation of a "sad life", and how the main character had drifted from one unfortunate moment to another. While some of the circumstances had him powerless (such as the part where his father beats him), he was never entirely in a bad place. When his mother was alive, his family was happy. Later on, his teacher was compassionate enough to notice his bruises. He survived being shot in the face. He has a job despite living in a dangerous part of town. He can afford living in an apartment. Yet, he still believes that his life is so bad that he even needs heroin just to be okay.

answer: Not much information is given on the story. Suffice to say, the man has had a crappy life. He probably never felt any real love.

answer: The author appears to be pointing to the difficulties and pain associated with living in the chaotic city and the detrimental effect that this environment has on the people residing there. Even for those with seemingly good childhoods, the city is difficult to escape from and can cause endless emotional suffering even in those who have survived its worst.


text:
POGAR () is an Urban-type settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is the administrative center of Pogarsky District. It had a population of 8,827 people in 2016.

Located on Sudost River, a tributary of the Desna River, 7 km from the Pogar railway station and 128 km south-west of Bryansk, the administrative center of the region.

History

Pogar is one of the oldest settlements of the Russian Federation. According to archeological data, the first Slavic settlement in this place appeared in the 8th-9th centuries. In 1155 locality was first mentioned as an urban settlement Radosch later Radogosch. In the late 1230s it was ravaged by the Mongols. [2]

In the second half of the 14th century, the town passed into the possession of Lithuania. In the years 1500-1618 was an under the rule of the Russian state. In the autumn of 1534 the governor of Kiev Andrey Nemirovich Radogosch burned, but he was unable to take Starodub and Chernigov. After the destruction of Radogoscha by the Lithuanians in 1563, the population fled; On the site of the former population remained only long mound.

The exact reappearance of the town is unknown but by that time the town already bore the name of Pogar.[1] In 1618 it was captured by Poland, 1654, after joining the left-bank Ukraine to Russia as part of the Russian state. Before elimination of Catherine II regimental device autonomous Hetman of Ukraine in 1783 was part of the Starodub Regiment, which was the center of Pogarskij hundreds.

From the middle of the 17th century called “Pogar” and the Magdeburg Law. The town was famous for its fairs. Since 1781 - the county town of Novgorod-Seversky governorship, after the dissolution of which in 1796 left for the staff. Until 1929 was part of the Starodub district, where it was the parish center.

In 1910, the cigar factory merchant Shepfera was transferred to the town of Pochep. in the years 1913-1915 there was one more tobacco company - cigar factory AG Rutenberg.

In 1918, during the Austro-German occupation Starodub, Pogar was given temporary county center status power.

On May 25, 1919 Pohar was transferred to the category of settlements of rural type (), and on July 10, 1938 it was granted an urban-type settlement status.

It is the only population center of the municipality Pogarsky urban settlement.

[1] Энциклопедический словарь Ф. А. Брокгауза и И. А. Ефрона

title: Pogar (urban-type settlement)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where is Pogar?

answer: Pogar is an urban-type settlement located in Bryansk Oblast, Russia.

answer: Bryansk Oblast, Russia.

answer: Pogar is in Bryansk Oblast, Russia.

answer: Pogar is an Urban-type settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is 7 km from the Pogar railway station and 128 km south-west of Bryansk.

answer: Bryansk Oblast, Russia

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the population of Pogar?

answer: 8,827 people

answer: 8,827

answer: Pogar is an Urban-type settlement with a population of 8,827 people.

answer: The population of Pogar is 8,827.

answer: 8,827 people in 2016.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What river is Pogar located on?

answer: Pogar is located on the Sudost River, a tributary of the Desna River.

answer: Pogar is located on the Sudost River, a tributary of the Desna River.

answer: Pogar is located on the Sudost River, as well as on the Desna River.

text: Convolutes the relationship between the Sudost River and the Desna River.

refinement: Pogar is located on the Sudost River, a tributary of the Desna River.

answer: The Sudost River, a tributary of Desna River.

answer: Pogar is located on the Sudost River, a tributary of the Desna River.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When was Pogar founded?

answer: Pogar was founded in the 8th-9th centuries.

answer: The first Slavic settlement in this place is in the 8th-9th centuries.

answer: Pogar was founded in the 8th or 9th centuries. The town gained its current name in 1618. It was granted an Urban-type settlement status in 1938.

answer: According to archeological data, the town has been inhabited since 8th-9th century.

answer: That information can't be found in the article.

text: It was first settled in the 8th-9th century.

refinement: It was first settled in the 8th-9th century.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: POGAR is an Urban-type settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is the administrative center of the Pogarsky District. The town was first mentioned in 1155 and gained an urban settlement status in 1938. Today, POGAR is an important economic center with a population of 8,827.

text: Doesn't mention it's long history, at least it's being settled in the 8th-9th century.

refinement: POGAR is an Urban-type settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It is the administrative center of the Pogarsky District. The town was first settled in the 8th-9th centuries, and mentioned in 1155 and gained an urban settlement status in 1938. Today, POGAR is an important economic center with a population of 8,827.

answer: This article is about Pogar, a Russian town located in Bryansk Oblast. It gives the history of that town.

text: Doesn't mention it was settled in the 8th-9th century.

refinement: This article is about Pogar, a Russian town located in Bryansk Oblast first settled in the 8th-9th century. It gives the history of that town.

text: Doesn't mention shifting possession of the town between different countries over the years.

refinement: This article is about Pogar, a Russian town located in Bryansk Oblast first settled in the 8th-9th century. It gives the history of that town noting the shifting possession of the town amongst different countries.

answer: This article describes the history and location of the Russian settlement Pogar. Pogar is found in Bryansk Oblast, Russia.

text: Doesn't mention it was settled in the 8th-9th century.

refinement: This article describes the history and location of the Russian settlement Pogar, first inhabited in the 8th-9th century. Pogar is found in Bryansk Oblast, Russia.

text: Doesn't mention shifting possession of the town between different countries over the years.

refinement: This article describes the history and location of the Russian settlement Pogar, first inhabited in the 8th-9th century, which fell under the influence of many different nations over the years. Pogar is found in Bryansk Oblast, Russia.

answer: Pogar is a Slavic settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia. It's near to Bryansk and was attacked in 1155.

text: Doesn't mention it was settled in the 8th-9th century.

refinement: Pogar is a Slavic settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia first settled in the 8th-9th century. It's near to Bryansk and was attacked in 1155.

text: Doesn't mention shifting possession of the town between different countries over the years.

refinement: Pogar is a Slavic settlement in Bryansk Oblast, Russia first settled in the 8th-9th century. It's near to Bryansk and has fallen under influence of several different nations over the years.

answer: POGAR is an urban-type settlement in the Bryansk Oblast, Russia located on the Sudost River. The settlement was founded in the 8th-9th centuries. It was captured by Poland in 1618, and then became part of the Russian state in 1654. POGAR was granted an urban-type settlement status in 1938. Today, it is the administrative center of its district.

text: Too long.

refinement: POGAR is an urban-type settlement in the Bryansk Oblast, Russia located on the Sudost River first settled in the 8th-9th centuries. It was captured by Poland in 1618, and then became part of the Russian state in 1654.


text:
[The park in 2010.] The CHEDDI JAGAN BIO DIVERSITY PARK is a Guyanese park that was established in 2001 in memory of patriot and national hero Dr. Cheddi Jagan by Isahak Basir CCH.
It is located on a historical site created by slaves in the period of the 18th century and also a symbol of action that lead to the final closure of Hampton Court Estate in 1943, being the last of the 34 sugar mills in Essequibo.

History - September 2001

The Dr. Cheddi Jagan Bio Diversity Park was identified in September 2001 and officially opened on March 23, 2002[1] by Minister Clement Rohee M.P., Ally Baksh - Regional Chairman, Vishnu Samaroo - Vice Chairman and Sabra Basir A.A. The idea of identifying an appropriate park consistent with Dr. Cheddi Jagan's concept and likeness and love for nature came from Isahak Basir C.C.H. a personality who has had forty years of very close political relations with the late Dr. Cheddi Jagan. Hence the “Lima Sands” located in Essequibo, Region 2, Guyana, South America, was identified. The park is consistently filled with a variety of flora, fauna and subordinating savannahs - access is by road, west of Anna Regina, parallel to the Tapacooma Main Canals.

History

The entire sea coast from the Corentyne to the Barima River in the North West District was occupied by rivals, such as the Spaniards, French and the Dutch, even though the Dutch paid for their final occupation. The Essequibo Coast was no exception; from Supenaam to Better Success each estate owner had his own landing, police and control system. Cotton, coffee and sugar dominated the production, with thirty four sugar mills on the Essequibo Coast lands.

The areas between Reliance and Paradise were dependent on water supply from Tapacooma Lake, which main supply canal was under the control of the Dutch planters of the Anna Regina estate. The stealing of slaves and denial of irrigation was always rebellious situation, consistent with that of the 1763 uprising in Berbice.

The Plutocracy from Richmond to Paradise consisting of eleven estate owners decided in 1788 to engage about 150 slaves to dig a canal North West of the Tapacooma Lake landing to the back of Lima estate, so as to avoid the high charges and sabotage of water supply from Anna Regina owners and slave masters. This effort was met with armed opposition that forced the location of the canal further inland. However the canal was completed about eight miles cutting the Lima Sands. A wooden koker structure, built in the 1920 is still noticeable. The Lima Sands were an escape route for runaway slaves, who were easily captured by Amerindian in the Dredge creek water way, now known as 'Manicuri' Canal.

The word 'Manicuri' is of Locono origin, means “hiding place”. The British who took control in 1810 and in 1860 period brought mules and bisons to help in the sugar plantation. Lima Sand became a heaven for escaped bisons, some eventually migrated to Troolie Island and one Sernauth Ally killed the last Bison in 1954 in Danielstown.

The three counties, Essequibo, Demerara and Berbice, were merged in 1831 under British occupation, to create British Guyana but each county had their elected representative in control.

By mid 1920, the main contestants for the Demerara court of policy, from Essequibo were Dodds of affiance, Seymour of Reliance and Brashington of Hampton Court. It was a heated election in 1928 and Brashington lost the majority. He became enraged and immediately closed down the Hampton Court estate saying, “Essequibo coolie must perish and wear jute bags for clothing”.

He damaged many infrastructures, broke down many logies and destroyed one of the most beautiful chimneys build by the Dutch in Hampton Court. His final assault was to damage a “waterwheel” which prevented Hampton Court from flooding and instructed his remaining disciples to pull a huge “iron cane punt” and block the supply canal of lima that led to the Tapacooma Lake and one that led to the Anna Regina hinterland. The iron punts can still be located about 500 meters west of Lima Sands submerged under savannah's vegetation.

The Marsh Plan promulgated in 1957 by the PPP Government resulted in the construction of the major Tapakuma project and was commissioned in 1963 by Sir Ralph Grey and Premier Dr. Cheddi Jagan.

The Cheddi Jagan Bio Diversity Park was established to preserve the memory of teacher and leader Dr. Cheddi Jagan. The Cheddi Jagan Bio Diversity Park was enriched with the “ashes” of a young schoolteacher P.Y.O members Balram Khanhai[2] which was placed in a cornerstone. Balram Khanhai was murdered at the P.P.P. 27th Congress held in Berbice on July 22, 2002.[3]

[1]

[2]

[3]

title: Cheddi Jagan Bio Diversity Park

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize what the passage says about Dr. Cheddi Jagan.

answer: Dr. Cheddi Jagan was a well-known teacher and leader the Guyanese biodiversity park was named after. He was a national hero, a patriot, and loved nature. Dr. Jagan was the Premier who commissioned the Tapakuma project with Sir Ralph Grey in 1963.

answer: Dr. Cheddi Jagan was a patriot and national hero of Guyana. He initiated the Bio Diversity Park to preserve the memory of himself, and Balram Khanhai was murdered in his honor. The park is located at Lima Sands, on the Essequibo Coast and includes areas that were once dominated by sugar plantations.

answer: Dr. Cheddi Jagan was a patriot, national hero, and leader who was memorialized by the establishment of the Dr. Cheddi Jagan Bio Diversity Park in Essequibo. The purpose of the park was to preserve his memory, and it includes a foundation established with the ashes of schoolteacher Balram Khanhai.

answer: There is not much detail about him, he left behind a park that reminds people of his name. They mention that he loved nature quite a bit.

answer: Dr. Cheddi Jagan was a national hero, who evidently supported environmental conservation. His efforts were memorialized by the creation of Cheddi Jagan Bio Diversity Park. While the park was mostly established to preserve Jagan's memory, the nationalization also represented a sense of environmentalism.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the passage say about Brashington's actions when he lost the election in 1928?

answer: Brashington became enraged and immediately closed down Hampton Court. He damaged and destroyed infrastructure, including a beautiful chimney built by the Dutch. His final assault was to damage a waterwheel that prevented Hampton Court from flooding.

answer: Brashington became enraged when he lost the election in 1928, and he immediately closed down the Hampton Court sugar estates. He damaged many infrastructures, broke down many logies, and destroyed one of the most beautiful chimneys built by the Dutch in Hampton Court.

answer: Brashington was something of a fanatic, and when he lost the election, he stormed Hampton Court Estate and damaged its infrastructure. He broke down logs, destroyed a beautiful chimney (the "waterwheel" presumably) that prevented Hampton Court from flooding, and finally instructed his disciples to pull a huge iron punch and block the canal to Anna Regina.

answer: Brashington became enraged when he lost the election and immediately closed down the Hampton Court estate and destroyed infrastructures and broke down logies. He also damaged the water wheel to prevent flooding and instructed his disciples to block the supply canals.

answer: In 1928, Brashington became enraged after losing the majority in the Demerara Court of Policy, and immediately closed down the Hampton Court estate. He damaged many infrastructures and broke down many logies, and destroyed one of the most beautiful chimneys. He also instructed his remaining disciples to pull a huge iron punt and block the supply canal of Lima so that the Tapacooma Lake would not flood and the hinterland of Anna Regina would not be supplied.


text:
HOROWHENUA was a New Zealand parliamentary electorate, from 1978 to 1996.

Population centres

The 1977 electoral redistribution was the most overtly political since the Representation Commission had been established through an amendment to the _Representation Act_ in 1886, initiated by Muldoon's National Government. As part of the 1976 census, a large number of people failed to fill out an electoral re-registration card, and census staff had not been given the authority to insist on the card being completed. This had little practical effect for people on the general roll, but it transferred Māori to the general roll if the card was not handed in. Together with a northward shift of New Zealand's population, this resulted in five new electorates having to be created in the upper part of the North Island. The electoral redistribution was very disruptive, and 22 electorates were abolished, while 27 electorates were newly created (including Horowhenua) or re-established. These changes came into effect for the .

In the 1977 electoral redistribution, the electorate moved south and the electorate moved north. The Horowhenua electorate was established in between those electorates, covering the Horowhenua District, with the main towns Waikanae, Otaki, Shannon, and Foxton. In the 1983 electoral redistribution, Horowhenua's boundaries contracted and Shannon was lost to the Manawatu electorate. In the 1987 electoral redistribution, the Horowhenua electorate moved slightly north, and Waikanae was lost to Kapiti, whilst Shannon was regained.

The Horowhenua electorate was abolished for the 1996 election, the first mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation election. It was largely replaced by the Ōtaki electorate.

History

The electorate was established for the 1978 election. The first member was Geoff Thompson of the National Party, who was the representative for two parliamentary terms. Thompson was defeated by Labour's Annette King at the . King represented the Horowhenua electorate for two parliamentary terms before she was defeated by National's Hamish Hancock in the .[1][2] Hancock in turn was succeeded by Labour's Judy Keall after one parliamentary term in the . When the Horowhenua electorate was abolished in 1996, Keall stood in the Otaki electorate, where she had a majority of under 1,000 votes.[3]

Members of Parliament

Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

KEY

  Election                               Winner
  -------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ----------------
                                         rowspan=2 width=5 bgcolor=|
                                         rowspan=2 bgcolor=|
                                         bgcolor=|
                                         bgcolor=|
  (Electorate abolished in 1996; see )

Election results

1993 election

1990 election

1987 election

1984 election

1981 election

1978 election

Notes

[1]

[2]

[3]

title: Horowhenua (New Zealand electorate)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why was the 1977 electoral distribution one of the most political ones since the Representation Act of 1886?

answer: It was the most overtly political since the Representation Commission had been established through an amendment to the Representation Act of 1886, initiated by Muldoon's National Government.

text: This answer does not delve into the reasons why this was the case.

refinement: It was the most overtly political since the Representation Commission had been established through an amendment to the Representation Act of 1886, initiated by Muldoon's National Government. This was because a large number of people failed to fill out an electoral re-registration card in 1976. This resulted in five new electorates needing to be created.

answer: The Representation Act of 1886 was an amendment to the Representation Act. The Representation Act of 1886 was initiated by Muldoon's National Government. The Representation Act of 1886 was the one that established the Representation Commission. The Representation Commission is the body that is responsible for the electoral redistribution.

text: This is not relevant.

text: The answer should mention why this distribution was one of the most potical.

refinement: Many people failed to fill out an electoral re-registration card. This ultimately led to five new electorates having to be created in the upper part of the North Island. Overall, 22 electorates were abolished and 27 were newly created or re-established.

answer: The 1977 electoral redistribution was one of the most political since the Representation Act of 1886 because it was the most overtly political.

answer: The Representation Act of 1886 was an amendment to the Representation Act. The Representation Act of 1886 was initiated by Muldoon's National Government. The Representation Act of 1886 was the one that established the Representation Commission. The Representation Commission is the body that is responsible for the electoral redistribution. The 1977 electoral redistribution was the most overtly political since the Representation Commission had been established through an amendment to the Representation Act of 1886.


text:
[The Justice Department last year dropped all charges against Xiaoxing Xi, head of Temple University’s physics department; he had been accused of sharing sensitive American-made technology with China.]

Credit...Mark Makela for The New York Times

-   April 26, 2016

WASHINGTON — The Justice Department has issued new rules that give prosecutors in Washington greater oversight and control over national security cases after the collapse of several high-profile prosecutions led to allegations that Chinese-Americans were being singled out as spies.

The new rules are intended to prevent such missteps, but without undermining a counterespionage mission that is a top priority for the Obama administration.

In December 2014, the Justice Department dropped charges against two former Eli Lilly scientists, Guoqing Cao and Shuyu Li, who had been accused of leaking proprietary information to a Chinese drugmaker. Three months later, prosecutors dropped a case against Sherry Chen, a government hydrologist in Ohio who had been charged with secretly downloading information about dams.

Then in September, the Justice Department dismissed all charges against a Temple University professor, Xiaoxing Xi, after leading physicists testified that prosecutors had entirely misunderstood the science underpinning their case.

“We cannot tolerate another case of Asian-Americans being wrongfully suspected of espionage,” Representative Judy Chu, Democrat of California, said last fall. “The profiling must end.”

While those cases raised the specter of Chinese espionage, none explicitly charged the scientists as spies. The cases involved routine criminal laws such as wire fraud, so national security prosecutors in Washington did not oversee the cases.

In a letter last month to federal prosecutors nationwide, Deputy Attorney General Sally Q. Yates said that would change. All cases affecting national security, even tangentially, now require coordination and oversight in Washington. That had always been the intention of the rule, but Ms. Yates made it explicit.

“The term ‘national security issue’ is meant to be a broad one,” she wrote.

Ms. Yates told federal prosecutors that consulting with experienced national security prosecutors in Washington would help “ensure prompt, consistent and effective responses” to national security cases.

The letter, which was not made public, was provided to The New York Times by a government official.

John P. Carlin, the Justice Department’s top national security prosecutor, reorganized his staff in Washington in recent years to focus more aggressively on preventing theft of America’s trade secrets. The new rules mean that espionage experts will review cases like Dr. Xi’s. Such cases “shall be instituted and conducted under the supervision” of Mr. Carlin or other top officials, the rules say.

Peter R. Zeidenberg, a lawyer for the firm Arent Fox, who represented Dr. Xi and Ms. Chen, called the new rules “a very positive step.”

Image[Sherry Chen, a government hydrologist in Ohio, was charged with economic espionage in 2014. The case was dropped five months later.]

Credit...Maddie McGarvey for The New York Times

“It’s welcome, and it’s overdue,” he said. “A bad reaction would be ‘We’re not going to do anything. Everything is fine.’ ”

Several of the cases fell apart when defense lawyers confronted prosecutors with new evidence or previewed the arguments they planned to make in court. In traditional white-collar criminal investigations, those conversations between prosecutors and defense lawyers often happen before charges are filed. In cases involving even a whiff of espionage, however, such conversations rarely happen. Authorities worry that suspects, tipped off to the investigation, will run or destroy evidence.

The absence of those conversations makes it important, then, that such cases receive an extra layer of review, defense lawyers said.

Ms. Yates did not mention the botched cases in her letter. But at the Justice Department, they were regarded as unfortunate — and perhaps preventable — black eyes that detracted from a string of successful espionage prosecutions. The United States faces an onslaught of economic espionage and other spying from China. Last year, Chinese hackers stole a trove of government data — including Social Security numbers and fingerprints — on more than 21 million people.

Last month, Su Bin, a Chinese businessman, pleaded guilty to trying to hack into American defense contractors to steal information on the F-22 and F-35 fighter jets and Boeing’s C-17 military cargo plane. In January, a Chinese citizen pleaded guilty to trying to steal corn seeds from American companies and ship them to China to replicate their genetic properties.

In the Obama administration’s most direct confrontation with China, the Justice Department in 2014 charged five membersof the Chinese People’s Liberation Army with hacking into prominent American companies.

Mr. Zeidenberg and others have argued that rushed cases create suspicion and unfairly tarnish reputations. In the case against the Eli Lilly scientists, prosecutors were unsparing in their description.

“If the superseding indictment in this case could be wrapped up in one word, that word would be ‘traitor,’” Cynthia Ridgeway, an assistant United States attorney, told a federal court in Indiana last year, according to the Indianapolis Business Journal.

The Justice Department gave no explanation for later dropping the case, saying only that it was done “in the interests of justice.”

Prosecutors made a similar statement last year when dropping charges against Dr. Xi. The dismissal suggested investigators did not understand and did not do enough to learn the science before they brought charges. Prosecutors had accused Dr. Xi, chairman of Temple’s physics department, with sharing schematics for a piece of American-made laboratory equipment, a pocket heater, with China. After leading scientists — including the inventor of the pocket heater — testified that the schematics showed an entirely different type of heater, the Justice Department dropped the case.

Though prosecutors dropped charges against Ms. Chen, the government has said it intends to fire her. She is fighting that decision.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about why the term 'national security issue' needs to be broadened?

answer: The new rules issued by Deputy Attorney General Sally Q. Yates were issued in order to prevent wrongful suspicion of Chinese-Americans for espionage. This would be done by giving experienced national security prosecutors in Washington oversight of any cases that could fall under the classification of national security. The hope is that doing so will help prevent prosecutorial errors and ensure prompt, consistent, and effective responses to cases that could be considered espionage. The problem with past cases is that without adequate dialogue between prosecutors and defense lawyers, there was a risk of faulty arrests.

answer: Prosecuting agencies make less mistakes when they consult Americans who have experience with national security cases.

text: The response does not mention the problems Asian-Americans face regarding being accused of espionage.

refinement: Prosecuting agencies make less mistakes when they consult Americans who have experience with national security cases. Representative Judy Chu claims that they will no longer tolerate another case of Asian-Americans being wrongfully suspected of espionage.

answer: The story says that there have been high profile cases where charges of espionage unfairly tarnished the reputations of Chinese-Americans. The new policy intends to give extra oversight and coordination to cases that involve even a whiff of espionage in order to avoid more cases where the accusations were based on misunderstanding or lack of knowledge.

answer: Because cases need coordination and oversight, the term needs to be expanded to all cases even remotely related to national security. The pressure on the justice department is an increase in cases such as economic espionage.

text: The response does not mention the issue with false accusations towards Chinese-Americans.

refinement: Because cases need coordination and oversight, the term needs to be expanded to all cases even remotely related to national security. The pressure on the justice department is an increase in cases such as economic espionage. The new rules have been issued after Chinese-Americans were being singled out as spies.

answer: The Justice Department last year dropped all charges against Xiaoxing Xi who had been accused of sharing sensitive American-made technology with China. Deputy Attorney General Sally Q. Yates says that all cases affecting national security now require coordination and oversight in Washington. According to new rules, espionage experts will review cases like Dr. Xi’s. That is why the term 'national security issue' needs to be broadened.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about Dr. Xi's case?

answer: In September 2014, the Justice department dismissed all charges against Xiaoxing Xi, a Temple University professor, after a physicist testified that the prosecutors misunderstood the state of the art science. Then they released a letter to local U.S. attorneys that told prosecutors how cases with even a whiff of espionage should be supervised.

answer: In September 2015, all charges were dismissed against Dr. Xiaoxing Xi after leading physicists testified that the prosecutors had entirely misunderstood the science underpinning the case, which led to incorrect conclusions of the case. Nobody has been convicted on espionage charges with these skills and without these mistakes, according to the article.

text: The case was dismissed in September 2014.

refinement: In September 2014, all charges were dismissed against Dr. Xiaoxing Xi after leading physicists testified that the prosecutors had entirely misunderstood the science underpinning the case, which led to incorrect conclusions of the case. Nobody has been convicted on espionage charges with these skills and without these mistakes, according to the article.

answer: The case against Temple University professor Xiaoxing Xi was dismissed after leading physicists testified that prosecutors had entirely misunderstood the science underpinning their case. The case revolved around accusations of sharing sensitive American-made technology with China. Prosecutors later dropped the charges. The Justice Department instituted new rules which require coordination and oversight in cases affecting national security, even if they are only tangentially related.

answer: The Justice Department dismissed all charges against a Temple University professor, Xiaoxing Xi, after leading physicists testified that prosecutors had entirely misunderstood the science underpinning their case.

answer: Dr. Xi had been accused of sharing sensitive American-made technology with China, but all charges against him were dropped. The dismissal suggests investigators do not understand and did not do enough to learn the science before they brought charges. According to new the Justice Department's rules, espionage experts will review cases like Dr. Xi’s.


text:
[] BIRDS' PARADISE is located in Tianma Village, Xinhui District, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China.[1] It is a unique tourist attraction which is known for its beautiful natural environment and rich bird life. The main body of Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it. In 1933, Ba Jin () happened to take a trip here, and was deeply impressed by its wonderful views, so he wrote a famous article, _Birds' Heaven_ to in memory of this special experience. In 1984, Ba Jin () inscribed the words 小鳥天堂, and since then, this place was named after Birds' Paradise (). In 2016, the local government decided to make Birds' Paradise a national wetland park.[2]

History

Its history can date back to the late Ming dynasty and the early Qing dynasty. It is said that a serious drought attacked the village around that time, so the villagers tried their best to dredge a river to water the farmland. However, the rich man in the village and the officers strongly disagreed with this, and they forced the villagers to block the channel, because they thought the river would destroy the geomancy (), which might become a threat to them later. Therefore, the villagers had no choice but to fill the river with soil, and thus a small island was formed. Someone inserted a branch into the small island, and the branch sprouted and grew into a banyan tree in the next year. Many years later that banyan tree had spread and developed into a forest, which gradually covered the island.

Biology and ecology

[Black-crowned night heron]

Animal

There are almost 40 species of birds inhabiting the forest in Birds' Paradise. Nycticorax nycticorax, Ardeola bacchus, Bubulcus ibis are the most common birds found on the island. In addition, there are also other species of birds like Ardea alba, Motacilla alba, oriental magpie-robin, Copsychus saularis, Turdus merula, Parus major, Pycnonotus sinensis, Pycnonotus jocosus.

[]

Flora

The thick forest on the island consists of many banyan trees. Among the forest, there is one especially large and ancient banyan tree, and it is so large that even ten people can not hold the tree. Besides, in order to make the environment more suitable for the birds to live, the staffs plant some other plants like Anubias, Salix babylonica, Hedychium coronarium, Nelumbo, Nelumbo nucifera and Argyranthemum frutescens, so that the ecosystem there can be more intact.

Tourist attractions

Water Channel (榕荫水道)

The water channel around the island contains many banyan trees on both sides. These provide shade for visitors who can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery, as well as listen to local folk tunes, sung by professional singers.[3]

Bird Museum (鸟博馆)

Covering an area of over 1500 square meters, the bird museum aims to share information about the site's avian fauna. Different kinds of bird specimens and pictures are displayed, whilst live bird shows are provided by trained staff.[4]

Waterfront Culture Pavilion (水乡风情展示馆)

This pavilion shows visitors the special waterfront culture in Lingnan area (). It contains exhibits relating to waterfront culture, including hand-tools, furniture, and old-styled clothing. Many items have been donated by the local people.[5]

Artwork

Ba Jin (巴金) – Birds' Heaven

Birds' Paradise was made famous by the passage _Birds' Heaven_, written by Ba Jin, a renowned Chinese writer. He visited the site in 1993 with friends, and was so impressed by the beautiful scene that he wrote about his trip. Many years later, this passage, _Birds' Heaven_, was listed into the textbook for primary school students. As a result of this article, many more people now know about this place.[6]

Wu Guanzhong (吴冠中) – Paradise for Small Birds

This picture is an ink painting painted by Wu Guanzhong in 1989. After hearing about Birds' Paradise, Wu Guanzhong looked forward to visiting because he thought the site might accord with his own ideal image of paradise.[7] When he finally arrived, he was so impressed by its scenery that he decided to draw it. In 1992, Wu Guanzhong donated this picture to the British Museum in London.[8]

[1] Birds' Paradise 小鳥天堂. Accessed 18 Oct. 2016

[2] 广东拟建10个国家级湿地公园 江门小鸟天堂占一席. Accessed 23 Dec. 2016

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6] 巴金：鸟的天堂. Accessed 20 Dec. 2016

[7] 吴冠中著名画作《小鸟天堂》的背后. Accessed 20 Dec. 2016

[8] Paradise for Paradise for Small Birds 小鳥天堂. Accessed 22 Nov. 2016

title: Birds' Paradise

question: What is the main body of Birds' Paradise?

answer: The main body of Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it.

answer: A small island containing a thick banyan tree forest

answer: The main body of Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it.

answer: A small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it.

question: Who was the first to describe Birds' Paradise?

answer: Ba Jin was the first to describe Birds' Paradise.

answer: Ba Jin.

answer: Ba Jin, an author

answer: Ba Jin

question: What is available for visitors at the water channel?

answer: There is an abundance of shade due to the banyan trees, and visitors can take boat trips and enjoy local folk tunes sung by professional singers

answer: Visitors can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery, as well as listen to local folk tunes, sung by professional singers.

text: Doesn't mention the abundant shade.

refinement: Due to many banyan trees at the waterside, there is abundant shade and visitors can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery, as well as listen to local folk tunes, sung by professional singers.

answer: Visitors can take boat trips along the water channel to enjoy the scenery and listen to local folk tunes.

text: Doesn't mention the abundant shade.

refinement: Due to banyan trees at the water's edge, visitors can enjoy abundant shade and take boat trips along the water channel to enjoy the scenery and listen to local folk tunes.

answer: Visitors can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery and listen to local folk tunes.

text: Doesn't mention the abundant shade.

refinement: Due to banyan trees at the water's edge, visitors can enjoy abundant shade and can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery and listen to local folk tunes.

question: When was the site made a national wetland park?

answer: 2016

answer: 2016

answer: The site was made a national wetland park in 2016.

answer: 2016

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Birds' Paradise is a national wetland park in Tianma Village, Xinhui District, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China. It was first described in 1933 by Ba Jin, who wrote an article about its beauty. It is a small island containing a thick banyan tree forest. Almost 40 species of birds inhabit the forest there.

answer: Birds' Paradise is a small island in the Guangdong province of China, known for its beautiful natural environment and rich bird life. Visitors can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery, or visit the bird museum to learn more about the avian fauna. The site is also famous for being mentioned in the famous article, "Birds' Heaven" by Ba Jin.

text: Doesn't mention the species of birds there.

refinement: Birds' Paradise is a small island in the Guangdong province of China, known for its beautiful natural environment and rich bird life. Visitors can take boat trips to enjoy the scenery, or visit the bird museum to learn more about the avian fauna. The site is also famous for being mentioned in the famous article, "Birds' Heaven" by Ba Jin. There are nearly 40 species of birds inhabiting the forest in Birds' Paradise.

answer: Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it. In 1933, Ba Jin () happened to take a trip here, and was deeply impressed by its wonderful views, so he wrote a famous article, _Birds' Heaven_ to in memory of this special experience. In 1984, Ba Jin () inscribed the words 小鳥天堂, and since then, this place was named after Birds' Paradise (). In 2016, the local government decided to make Birds' Paradise a national wetland park.

text: Doesn't mention the species of birds there.

refinement: Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it. In 1933, Ba Jin () happened to take a trip here, and was deeply impressed by its wonderful views, so he wrote a famous article, _Birds' Heaven_ to in memory of this special experience. In 1984, Ba Jin () inscribed the words 小鳥天堂, and since then, this place was named after Birds' Paradise (). In 2016, the local government decided to make Birds' Paradise a national wetland park. Almost 40 species of birds inhabit the forest there.

answer: Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it. It is located in Tianma Village, Xinhui District, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China. It is a unique tourist attraction known for its beautiful natural environment and rich bird life. The main body of Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it.

text: Doesn't mention Ba Jin

refinement: Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it. It is located in Tianma Village, Xinhui District, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China. It is a unique tourist attraction known for its beautiful natural environment and rich bird life. It was first described in 1933 by Ba Jin, who wrote an article about its beauty.

text: Doesn't mention the birds there.

refinement: Birds' Paradise is a small island with a thick banyan tree forest on it. It is located in Tianma Village, Xinhui District, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China. It is a unique tourist attraction known for its beautiful natural environment and rich bird life. It was first described in 1933 by Ba Jin, who wrote an article about its beauty. Almost 40 species of birds inhabit the forest there.