text:
The ESTADIO BBVA, nicknamed “El Gigante de Acero”[1] (Spanish for “The Steel Giant”), is a stadium developed by FEMSA and C.F. Monterrey in Guadalupe, Greater Monterrey. The stadium replaced the Estadio Tecnológico as the home of Monterrey, ending 63 years of residency at that stadium. The project was met with much controversy, stemming from multiple accusations of the construction as an apparent impediment to wildlife growth on a local scale. [2] It was inaugurated on 2 August 2015 with the eighth edition of the Eusébio Cup, where Monterrey defeated Benfica 3–0.[3][4]

Design

The stadium was designed by multinational architecture firm Populous along with the Mexican firm VFO.[5] David Lizarraga of Populous served as lead architect for the project.[6] Construction began in August 2011 and was completed in July 2015.[7]

The stadium was opened in 2015 with a capacity of 51,000 people, making it the fourth largest in Mexico. Built at a cost of US$200 million, it was the most expensive stadium in Mexico at the time of its construction.[8] The owners soon added more seats, expanding the capacity to 53,500 in 2016.[9] It has a grass surface, suites, a club-themed restaurant, a club lounge, and high-end interior and exterior design.[10] The inclination of the grandstand is 34 degrees, and the distance between the field and seats is the minimum allowed by FIFA, providing closeness to the action.[11]

Estadio BBVA received a silver certification from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for its sustainable design. It was the first football stadium in North America to earn the certification.[12]

  Dimensions
  ------------------- -------
  Length
  Wide
  North side height
  South side height
  Circumference

Permeable area

More than a third of the total land area are green areas.[13] This proportion exceeds the current regulations. These green areas are used to filter rainwater, which will contribute to the recharge of aquifers. Parking lots are evenly distributed around the stadium, including wooded areas to achieve integration with the Ecological Park.[14] These areas are divided into zones, which are integrated into the landscape and topography. The northern boundary to the Rio La Silla is a wooded trail area that connects the stadium with the New Ecological Park.[15] This ecological park and parking are also green areas, with a landscape design that blends with the surrounding environment, with only trees and plants of the region to facilitate preservation and adaptation to the environment.

Concerts

Singer Justin Bieber performed at the stadium on 15 February 2017 as part of his Purpose World Tour. Over 51,000 people attended the concert.[16]

[1] https://www.mediotiempo.com/futbol/copa-mx/rayados-paso-igualar-record-historico-cruz-azul

[2] http://www.greenpeace.org/mexico/es/Noticias/2011/Octubre/No-acaben-con-el-ultimo-pulmon-de-Monterrey-ONG/

[3]

[4]

[5]  Populous |url=https://glocal.mx/bbva-bancomer-populous/ |website=Glocal |accessdate=19 January 2020 |language=es-MX |date=27 February 2017}}

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10] 1

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

title: Estadio BBVA

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the environmentalism-related aspects of the stadium.

answer: The ESTADIO BBVA is designed to be environmentally friendly in several ways. The stadium incorporates green spaces that filter rainwater and contribute to aquifer recharge. Parking areas are spread out evenly and placed near woodland areas. These areas are designed to blend with the landscape and environment. The stadium also has a silver certification from Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design for its sustainable design.

answer: The stadium was designed to exceed environmental regulations. Approximately one third of the stadium's land is permeable green areas. These areas filter rain water, which will contribute to the recharge of aquifers. Parking areas are equally distributed around the stadium, including wooded areas to achieve integration with the Ecological Park. More than two thirds of the parking areas are green areas. The stadium has become the first in North America to earn LEED certification.

text: There is no evidence that suggests that the stadium was specifically designed to exceed regulations. However the designed does exceed regulations.

refinement: The stadium's design exceeds environmental regulations. Approximately one third of the stadium's land is permeable green areas. These areas filter rain water, which will contribute to the recharge of aquifers. Parking areas are equally distributed around the stadium, including wooded areas to achieve integration with the Ecological Park. More than two thirds of the parking areas are green areas. The stadium has become the first in North America to earn LEED certification.

text: The response incorrectly mentions that more than two thirds of the parking areas are green. This is not covered in the text.

refinement: The stadium's design exceeds environmental regulations. Approximately one third of the stadium's land is permeable green areas. These areas filter rain water, which will contribute to the recharge of aquifers. Parking areas are equally distributed around the stadium, including wooded areas to achieve integration with the Ecological Park. The stadium has become the first in North America to earn LEED certification.

answer: The ESTADIO BBVA was designed with sustainability in mind, with permeable areas and abundant green spaces to help protect and restore the environment around it. It received a silver certification from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design due to features such as the high degree of inclination of the grandstand and a close proximity between the field and the seats. Concerts at the stadium also help protect the environment, as they keep the stadium in use and reduce its energy consumption.

text: The response inaccurately suggest that the stadium's silver certification was due to the high degree of inclination of the grandstand and close proximity to the field. The certification was due to all the green areas.

refinement: The ESTADIO BBVA was designed with sustainability in mind, with permeable areas and abundant green spaces to help protect and restore the environment around it. Due to its sustainable design, it received a silver certification from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. It features such as the high degree of inclination of the grandstand and a close proximity between the field and the seats. Concerts at the stadium also help protect the environment, as they keep the stadium in use and reduce its energy consumption.

text: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

refinement: The ESTADIO BBVA was designed with sustainability in mind, with permeable areas and abundant green spaces to help protect and restore the environment around it. Due to its sustainable design, it received a silver certification from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design. Concerts at the stadium also help protect the environment, as they keep the stadium in use and reduce its energy consumption.

text: There's no evidence to suggest that concerts help protect the environment.

refinement: The ESTADIO BBVA was designed with sustainability in mind, with permeable areas and abundant green spaces to help protect and restore the environment around it. Due to its sustainable design, it received a silver certification from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design.

answer: The design has more than a third of the surface as green areas to filter rainwater and contribute to recharging the aquifers. The parking lots are integrated with the Ecological Park, distributed evenly around the stadium. The building project, however, was criticized as an impediment to the local wildlife.

answer: The project had been lobbied on the grounds that it blocked wildlife growth in the region, but the author states that this argument was false. Besides, 37% of the stadium's land was green - more than the legal requirement. The green space is used to filter water. The stadium also has separate zones that blend with the terrain, which makes them seem more like features of the landscape than creations of man.

text: There's no evidence in the text to suggest the argument was false.

refinement: The project had been lobbied on the grounds that it blocked wildlife growth in the region. Besides, 37% of the stadium's land was green - more than the legal requirement. The green space is used to filter water. The stadium also has separate zones that blend with the terrain, which makes them seem more like features of the landscape than creations of man.

text: There's no evidence in the text that says 37% of the land was green, however the text says it is more than a third of the land.

refinement: The project had been lobbied on the grounds that it blocked wildlife growth in the region. Besides, more than a third of the stadium's land are green areas - more than the legal requirement. The green space is used to filter water. The stadium also has separate zones that blend with the terrain, which makes them seem more like features of the landscape than creations of man.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about the events at the stadium?

answer: The stadium was opened with a football match between Monterrey (the club owning the stadium) and Benfica, and the home team won 3-0. Justin Bieber performed on 15 February 2017 in the stadium.

answer: The ESTADIO BBVA is designed with sustainable features and holds 51,000 people in its capacity. Justin Bieber recently performed at the stadium as part of his Purpose World Tour. The stadium has been lauded for its sustainable design.

text: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

refinement: Justin Bieber recently performed at the stadium as part of his Purpose World Tour.

text: The response misses to mention that the stadium was inaugurated with the Eusebio Cup where Monterrey, the home team, defeated Benfica 3-0. It was the fourth largest event in Mexico.

refinement: The stadium was inaugurated with the Eusebio Cup where Monterrey, the home team, defeated Benfica 3-0. It was the fourth largest event in Mexico. Justin Bieber recently performed at the stadium as part of his Purpose World Tour.

answer: The ESTADIO BBVA was designed with some sustainable features in mind. The stadium was featured in Justin Bieber's 2017 world tour and is capable of accommodating over 51,000 people. Architecture firm Populous served as lead architect for the project and the stadium was opened in 2015, with a capacity of 51,000 people.

text: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

refinement: The stadium was featured in Justin Bieber's 2017 world tour and is capable of accommodating over 51,000 people.

text: The response misses to mention that the stadium was inaugurated with the Eusebio Cup where Monterrey, the home team, defeated Benfica 3-0. It was the fourth largest event in Mexico.

refinement: The stadium was inaugurated with the Eusebio Cup where Monterrey, the home team, defeated Benfica 3-0. It was the fourth largest event in Mexico. The stadium was featured in Justin Bieber's 2017 world tour and is capable of accommodating over 51,000 people.

answer: Events that were held at the stadium include the Eusébio Cup, the fourth-largest event it held at the time of the article's publishing. At its time of opening, there was a concert featuring Justin Bieber, and in October of the same year, there was another concert. It also received a silver certification from the Leadership in Environment and Design.

text: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

refinement: Events that were held at the stadium include the Eusébio Cup, the fourth-largest event it held at the time of the article's publishing. At its time of opening, there was a concert featuring Justin Bieber, and in October of the same year, there was another concert.

text: There is no evidence in the text that says there was another concert in October.

refinement: Events that were held at the stadium include the Eusébio Cup, the fourth-largest event it held at the time of the article's publishing. At its time of opening, there was a concert featuring Justin Bieber.

text: Hard to understand information. Restructuring with more detail.

refinement: Events that were held at the stadium include the Eusébio Cup, where Monterrey defeated Benfica 3-0. It was the fourth-largest event held in Mexico. At its time of opening, there was a concert featuring Justin Bieber.

text: The response inaccurately mention that at the time of the stadium's opening, there was a concert by Justin Bieber, however his concert was two years later in 2017.

refinement: Events that were held at the stadium include the Eusébio Cup, where Monterrey defeated Benfica 3-0. It was the fourth-largest event held in Mexico. Two years later, there was a concert featuring Justin Bieber in 2017.

answer: Estadio BBVA replaced the Estadio Tecnologico as the home of Monterrey, which is its football club. The first event in the new stadium was the Eusébio Cup, for which Monterrey defeated Benfica 3-0. Justin Bieber performed in the Estadio BBVA in 2017.


split: train

text:
First post to reddit.  I'm no writer but wrote this for the fun a week ago.  I'd love some feedback.
*************************************

	With a crash and a flash and a bash and a smash: Two young males struggled into the small apartment.  The door slammed open and with a screeching dragged gravel across  the tile floor, before coming to a halt.  The two boys stumbled over the threshold, streetlight streaming in from behind them lighting up the entry in a dulled yellow half light and throwing shadows into the hallway and kitchen.  The boys rolled after these shadows, chasing them inside.

	The sudden crash and flash were alarming and the sudden commotion paralyzed the third guest in the house.  And as the shadows thrown by the streetlight faded, accompanied once more with the screeching tiles, this unwelcome guest slunk as far into the dark as it could.  Attempting to envelope himself in the darkness, but his quivering body had not much room to creep.  Only the meagre shelter allowed beneath the lip of a soup plate, the only refuge offered in this stainless pit, which was quickly becoming a dungeon.

	Stainless steel imbues a feeling of clean and modernity, extravagant kitchens stamped with the big names of interior designers.  This first assumption must be corrected.  For the house the two boys stumbled inside had a different feeling.  It was the house of four-boys, four twenty year old college boys, in an aging brick and plaster building of little portugal.  Furnished comfortably with all the loving care mothers and fathers have when their children grow up and go off to college.  But this current state of disarray is not how those parents left it.  The furniture was haphazardly rearranged, and fallen couch cushions crudely assembled circles around the beer stained dining and coffee tables.  And the impressive collection of empty cans and bottles, lay littered upon every horizontal surface.  Like common nicknacks, making the boys feel right at home.  All that was curious was the out of place modern sink, sticking out like a sore thumb beneath a cupboard hanging limply by its only remaining hinge.

	And it is in this sink, huddled under a soup plate with a rim stained by chilli sauce and beans, backed up onto a cold, empty, dented, metal beer can the third guest was hid.  The brief calm submitted once again to the boys clatter, as the concentration required to balance while removing shoes abated.  Their decisive pounding gait rekindled, and it brought these young giants across the scratched pinewood flooring onto the brown ceramic kitchen tile.  With foresight one wouldn't expect from the boys in their state, one of them stomped purposely towards the sink in search of a large glass of water, to help stave off the worst of tomorrow morning's inevitable ailments.  The second closed in on the kitchen as well and with a click, flicked on the light switch.

	The growing proximity of the broad shouldered boys in their denim dress shirts and scraggly unkempt beard hair had the hidden sink prisoner already on edge.  His silent quest for a midnight morsel had led him down into this hell hole.  And more and more the half nibbled Romano bean an inch from his whisker seemed a meagre prize to take such risks.  Fretting, regretting, and still quivering; the mouse lay still, without a squeak or a peep, cowering ever more tightly to the dented blue can.  But his nerves got the best of him.  And as the sudden blinding incandescent bulbs evaporated the moonlit apartment into the clear resolve of the twentieth century, it drew forth a characteristic squeak from the kitchen's midnight guest.  The boys had heard it, he had no doubt.  And the bright lighting reflecting from all angles exposed him inn his hiding place.  But the mouse did not wimpier and cower, the mouse's resolve for life redoubled, as if his mean squeak was instead a battle cry reverberating off the reflective walls.  His clandestine methods were immediately abandoned and with a scuttle (caused from the poor grip of claws on stainless steel) stormed into the flooded light of the sink basin.

	The squeak and the scuttle coming from the sink procured an uncharacteristic yelp from the boys in the kitchen, as the small noises caused the young men to flinch backwards.  An unlikely response for moments before they had been unfazed by their own cacophonous stomping.  And this frightened call only further pervaded the mouse with a sense of determination and zeal.  The walls were too tall to jump and the smooth steel only scratched as the mouse tried in vain to climb free from this damp pit.  But the mouse was not disheartened, and with a beady eye spotted and plotted his escape.  With the lightning reflex that had so frightened those brave rugged boys, the mouse scrabbled back to his soup plate.  But not into its shadow, triumphantly he climbed, clambering onto the porcelain rim and basking in the full glow of the electric bulbs.  His fervent goal--a wooden stirring spatula leaning upright on the edge of a small metal pot .  Cast into the sink after serving up the chilli, the utensil was now serving as a tool in the mouse's escape.  Serving up justice, for death is too high a price to pay for a nibble of a discarded Romano bean!

	His paws moved deftly over the spoon, hand over hand as he had finally found a proper surface for which to grip his claws.  The edge mere inches away, and past that the cluttered countertop with a neglected hole in the corner baseboard.  Any specialist of mouse facial expressions (a field of study beginning and ending outside of the human species) would've recognized the excitement and elation between our hero's whiskers.  But this did not last long, for while those few inches of sink basin, plate rim, soup pot, and spatula handle were being navigated the boys were reacting.  At first with laughter over his friend's feminine squeal, but then with a new found home owners responsibility.  With malice in his eye the young man closed the gap to the sink, the metallic scratches had given way to subtler noises as the mouse had found his way onto the spatula.

	The mouse ran quickly, but was not fast enough, and with a look of dread watched as the boys bony knuckles barred his freedom, by grasping the end of the spatula.  The boy flicked and shook the it, and it was too much, the spatula was wrenched free from the mouse's desperate grasp, and he was thrown up into the air.

	The specialist in mouse facial expression would've definitively noted this new expression as a look of dread.  Utter terror spanned from his eyes to his whiskers to his tiny mouth, as he fell backwards, once more into his stainless steel prison.  Legs shot out in all directions, while his tail squirmed.  But there was nothing to grasp but thin air, and the sobering realization that he may not make it back to his hole tonight.

	With a soft thud he landed hard on his back on the cold damp steel.  The once prized Romano bean lay beside him, taunting him.  A sad reward to have forfeited so much for.  After the mouse came the spatula, coming down quickly as the boy swung the blade after his foe.  With a smash and a squelch the end of the spatula came down over the mouse, and the boys paused for a moment.  Curiosity got the best of them and as they both crowded around the sink they peeled back the spatula and peaked underneath.  The boys wrinkled their noses in disgust.  With nothing but contempt they threw the mouse into a plastic bag and then the trash.  With only feelings of disgust and disdain, they laid the mouse to rest.  Upset, because having to clean up the guts of a mouse is too high a price to pay for leaving a few dishes in the sink.

title: Mouse Hunt

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

According to the passage, how did a rat came to be in the kitchen?

answer:
Two boys entered the kitchen and put on the light. The banging of the door and the flash of light startled the mouse in the kitchen into action. It ran across the kitchen and as the boys sped after it. After minutes of chase, the boys finally killed the mouse with a spatula, its guts splattered on the floor.

The kitchen in question used to be neat and tidy. However, with the presence of four boys of college-age and no discernable adult supervision, the kitchen fell into disarray with unwashed utensils and unswept floors, hence attracting vermin.

text: The response written does not necessarily answer the question that is to be answered. Most of the response needs to be omitted and re-written.

refinement: The banging of the door and the flash of light startled the mouse in the kitchen into action. It ran across the kitchen and as the boys sped after it. After minutes of chase, the boys finally killed the mouse with a spatula, its guts splattered on the floor. However, with the presence of four boys of college-age and no discernable adult supervision, the kitchen fell into disarray with unwashed utensils and unswept floors, hence attracting vermin.

answer: The rat came into the kitchen through the open doorway when two young men stumble into the apartment. The rat was hiding in the sink when one of the boys walked into the kitchen and the rat squeaked. The boys began to escalate their actions and one of them struck the rat with a spatula, beating it to death.

answer: A rat came to be in the kitchen by sneaking in for a midnight snack. He was quickly discovered by two young males and fled into the sink where he was captured. The boys attempted to kill him, but he survived.

text: The last sentence of this response needs to be edited as the boys did kill the mouse.

refinement: A rat came to be in the kitchen by sneaking in for a midnight snack. He was quickly discovered by two young males and fled into the sink where he was captured. The boys attempted to kill him the mouse, and succeeded in doing so.

answer: It appears that the mice may have gotten into the house through the holes that rats have created and that have now become rat holes.

text: This response does not align with what is described in the text. This response should be completely re-written to accurately describe the events described in the story.

refinement: The rat hid in the sink of the boy's household, that was full of dishes and other sorts of gunk. The rat was waiting for its opportunity to sneak a snack in from the kitchen.

answer: The rat came for food scraps left behind by the young men who lived there.


text:
He´s back again with his “it´s structural” meme. In 2010, less than a year after becoming president of the Minneapolis Fed, Kocherlakota made a speech in which:

1.  He argued that unemployment was structural and
2.  That if the Fed Funds rate was kept at zero the appearance of deflation was only a question of time!

With regard to (1) he said:

  What does this change in the relationship between job openings and unemployment connote? In a word, MISMATCH. Firms have jobs, but can’t find appropriate workers. The workers want to work, but can’t find appropriate jobs. There are many possible sources of mismatch—geography, skills, demography—and they are probably all at work. Whatever the source, though, it is hard to see how the Fed can do much to cure this problem. Monetary stimulus has provided conditions so that manufacturing plants want to hire new workers. But the Fed does not have a means to transform construction workers into manufacturing workers.

With regard to (2) what he meant was something like:

_With the federal funds rate near zero since December 2008 and expected to remain there for the next year or two, the Fisher equation has important implications for the expected inflation rate. IF THE REAL ECONOMY IS CURRENTLY REBOUNDING TO A SUSTAINABLE GROWTH TREND, the real interest rate will rise and the only outcomes possible will be either a higher nominal federal funds rate or a negative expected inflation rate…_

The operative word is IF, and two years on we know the economy has not rebounded – climbed out of the hole into which it dropped after mid-2008.

So recently Kocherlakota, to be consistent, said that:

  MINNEAPOLIS (Reuters) – Unemployment may not have too much farther to fall before inflation threatens, forcing the U.S. Federal Reserve to respond by raising interest rates sooner than expected, a top Fed official said on Thursday.

  The fact that inflation continues to run above the Fed’s 2-percent target, Minneapolis Fed President Narayana Kocherlakota told the Economic Club of Minnesota, is “a signal that our country’s current labor market performance is much closer to ‘maximum employment’ than the post-World War II U.S. data alone would suggest.”

  The U.S. central bank’s monetary policy “should be responsive to such signals,” he said.

At least he dropped his “low interest rate-spells-deflation” sequence. And his “it´s structural” follows from his reading of the Beveridge Curve, a creation of Lord William Beveridge who wrote the Beveridge Report of 1942 which paved the way for the development of the British welfare state.  The Curve establishes a negative relation between the rate of job openings and unemployment, grounded on idea that if the unemployment rate is elevated firms would find it easier to fill vacancies. If that doesn´t happen, it means that the curve is shifting up, indicating that firms have greater difficulty in filling vacancies.

[]

This could be due to several factors, among them greater difficulty in matching workers to jobs and the persistence of long-term unemployment (which may “depreciate” human capital and/or increase “negative perceptions” about the unemployed by potential employers).

The “mismatch” view is difficult to reconcile with the observation that, with the notable exception of the Leisure & Hospitality sector, employment most everywhere is still way below the pre-recession peak, even though we´re almost three year into the “recovery”. And in no sector are wages differentially rising to indicate that labor demand outstrips supply.

Maybe the high rate of long term unemployment is the main factor behind the Beveridge Curve dynamics. Pity that the JOLTS data only begins in late 2000, so we cannot compare present behavior with that observed, for example, in the deep recession of 1981-82.

The point is that there are always “structural” elements present in the unemployment rate observed. After all, the economy is permanently in motion and all sorts of “frictions” are present. But I believe that for most situations the strength of aggregate demand will help in the adjustment process, so I´m willing to bet that in the early eighties we would not be discussing, like now, about the “structural” nature of unemployment. While between 1982 and 1985 aggregate demand grew on average 10.6%, since 2008 it has only expanded at 2.9%, barely more than half the 5.6% growth observed during the twenty years of “Great Moderation” (1987-07).

So, while in the early eighties long term unemployment averaged 18.7 between 1982 and 1985, it has averaged 35.1% since 2008, having remained above 40% for the last 28 months.

In his mostrecent speech, Kocherlakota introduces new elements of analysis:

  Labor market outcomes do remain notably worse than prior to the recession. The good news is that the unemployment rate has been declining since the end of the recession. But there is also countervailing evidence: The labor force participation rate has been falling steadily, and the employment/population ratio remains near its low point. The Beveridge curve shows considerable deterioration in labor market matching efficiency.

  How persistent will these changes in U.S. labor markets prove to be? Economists hold at least two views on this question. The first is guided by the patterns in post-World War II data for the United States. These patterns suggest that the current deterioration in U.S. labor market performance is indeed reversible under appropriate policy.

  The second view is less sanguine. It says that the post-World War II data do not contain an economic crisis of the kind or magnitude that hit the United States in 2008. Such a crisis could well have a different kind of impact on labor markets than the earlier postwar recessions.

But he fails to make the connection between the magnitude of the crisis and monetary policy. This connection comes out very clearly in the chart below which shows that for the first time since 1937/38, during the second leg of the Great Depression, nominal spending (NGDP) growth – a magnitude directly determined by the Fed – turned negative, and significantly so!

[]

The “Kocherlakota view”, based on NAIRU – Non Accelerating Inflation Rate of Unemployment – is being picked up elsewhere. The latest issue of the Economist drums the same beat:

  But there is another, more troubling possibility: the crisis may have permanently dented America’s productive capacity. If so, the “output gap” between the economy’s current level of production and its potential level is much smaller than expected. Unemployment has fallen because there are fewer people available to work. Inflation is stable because there is less idle capacity to restrain prices. This would be bad news all round. America would be permanently poorer than would otherwise have been the case. The Federal Reserve would have less room to ease policy before inflation revives. More of the budget deficit would be structural, rather than the temporary result of a depressed economy.

As Adele sang: Let´s keep “Rolling in the deep”. To many, there´s now basically nothing monetary policy can do to help the economy come out of the deep hole that bad monetary policy pushed it into!

question: Who is Kocherlakota?

answer: He is president of the Minneapolis Fed.

answer: He is the president of the Minneapolis Fed.

answer: Kocherlakota is the President of the Minneapolis Fed.

question: What is his take on unemployment?

answer: He says that firms have jobs but cannot find appropriate workers. And the workers want to work but cannot find appropriate jobs.

answer: Kocherlakota believes that the economy is getting steadily better.

text: This response is not correct and does not answer the question.

refinement: Kocherlakota believes that the economy is getting better and unemployment may not have too much farther to fall.

answer: Kocherlakota says he believes the labor market outcomes are "notably worse" than "prior to the recession." In addition, he notes that the labor force participation rate and the employment/population ratio remain at low points.

question: How does the mismatch happen?

answer: The mismatch happens due to geography, skills, or demography.

answer: The post-recession rate of unemployment remained elevated.Also, it is difficult to match workers to jobs. In addition, long-term unemployment was at a high rate

text: While this response does provide some snippets of the passage that are discussed in terms of what mismatch is, it doesn't properly answer the question.

refinement: The post-recession rate of unemployment remained elevated. Also, it is difficult to match workers to jobs. In addition, long-term unemployment was at a high rate which caused a mismatch in job openings and unemployment.

answer: The "mismatch" takes place when there are jobs open, but no one is capable or available to fill those positions. Governments have no means to produce or convert construction workers into manufacturing workers.

question: Why does Kocherlakota believe that unemployment is structural?

answer: Structural unemployment happens when there are not enough jobs available for everyone who is willing and able to work.

answer: His belief comes from reading the Beveridge Curve.

text: This response does not answer the question at all and needs to be fully changed.

refinement: His belief that unemployment is structural comes from the fact that firms have jobs, just not appropriate workers and workers want to work but cannot find appropriate jobs.

answer: Kocherlakota believes that high unemployment is due to structural reasons, because of the fact that long-term unemployment is still high.

text: This response does not make sense and some parts of the response need to be omitted.

refinement: Kocherlakota believes that high unemployment is due to structural reasons, because of the fact that long-term unemployment is still high, despite the irregular changes in the economy.

question: Write a ~7 sentence summary.

answer: The author of the passage claims that the crisis may have permanently dented America's productive capacity, with implications for both the economy and monetary policy. If this is true and the economy is at a permanently lower potential level of production than before the crisis, then there is considerably less room for monetary policy to ease before inflation revives, and the budget deficit would be more long-term in nature than if the economy quickly returned to pre-crisis trend growth rates.

text: The actual crisis that is in discussion in the passage should be explicitly stated.

refinement: The author of the passage claims that the unemployment crisis may have permanently dented America's productive capacity, with implications for both the economy and monetary policy. If this is true and the economy is at a permanently lower potential level of production than before the crisis, then there is considerably less room for monetary policy to ease before inflation revives, and the budget deficit would be more long-term in nature than if the economy quickly returned to pre-crisis trend growth rates.

answer:
The President of the Minneapolis Fed, Kocherlakota, has made a speech in which he argues that unemployment is structural and that if the Fed Funds rate is kept at zero, the appearance of deflation is only a question of time.

He says that there is a mismatch in the relationship between job openings and unemployment. And with regards to his second statement, he says that if the real economy is currently rebounding to a sustainable growth trend, the real interest rate will rise. Then the only outcome possible will be either a higher nominal federal funds rate or a negative expected inflation rate.

Kocherlakota introduces new elements of analysis in his most recent speech. He claims that unemployment has been declining since the end of the recession. But there is also countervailing evidence.

answer: The Economist argues that the "Kocherlakota view" (based on the idea that the labour market cannot improve if unemployment remains above the "non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment", or NAIRU) could be accurate due to the ongoing economic crisis. This would imply permanent damage to the economy and less room for monetary policy to take further easing measures.

answer: The Economist argues that if the latest crisis permanently dented America's productive capacity, then the Fed would have a much more difficult time easing policy in order to help the economy recover. The underlying implication is that the economy is currently experiencing a much more severe version of what has traditionally been termed as a "recession", or a spontaneous decline in aggregate demand brought on by insufficient spending.

text: The unemployment crisis needs to be explicitly stated.

refinement: The Economist argues that if the latest unemployment crisis permanently dented America's productive capacity, then the Fed would have a much more difficult time easing policy in order to help the economy recover. The underlying implication is that the economy is currently experiencing a much more severe version of what has traditionally been termed as a "recession", or a spontaneous decline in aggregate demand brought on by insufficient spending.

answer: The Economist argues that America's economic crisis may be due to permanent rather than temporary damage to its productive capacity, making the Fed's job of stimulating the economy much more difficult. It warns of the impact this would have on the economy, worsened by the lack of stimulus.

answer: The Economist reaffirms the 'Kocherlakota view' of the economy - that the 2008 crisis has made America permanently poorer, and that this lack of potential output translates into limited room for easing policy.

text: This summary doesn't identify all the important details to properly cover what the passage has stated.

refinement: The Economist reaffirms the 'Kocherlakota view' of the economy - that the 2008 crisis has made America permanently poorer, and that this lack of potential output translates into limited room for easing policy. It also adds problems to the unemployment crisis and questions structural changes.


text:
“Hands”

It began almost as soon as I woke up. In fact, it was what caused my awakening. It sounded like there was something crawling within the walls of my bedroom. Mice, I thought. I rubbed my eyes and got out of bed.

I shower silently. I never understood people who listened to music or sang in the shower. Silence is what I liked. Even the sound of the running water made me cringe. The warm water pounded at my back. I felt something soft on my shoulder. I turned around quickly, a chill running up my spine. I turned down the cold water.

I tried to relax again, but the chill never went away. I stepped out of the shower and over to the sink. I pulled a razor and shaving cream out of the medicine cabinet. As I closed the cabinet, I saw the towel that was hanging up drop to the floor in the mirror. I turned around quizzically. Shaking my head and sighing, I bent down to pick up the towel and put it back on the rack just as I saw something scurry across the tiled floor to the sliver of space between the opened bathroom door and the wall. Fuck, it has to be rats. I quickly finished shaving and went downstairs to the kitchen.

Starting a fresh pot of coffee, I tried to remember if I had any rat traps left somewhere. Maybe that would warm me up. I opened the door to the pantry and stood on my toes so I could see the contents of the top shelf. I saw the outline of something and reached my hand in. I felt around until my fingers ran into something soft. It moved just as I went to grab it. I jumped and stepped back. Instinctively, I put my hand over my chest to calm myself. I heard the last few drops dripping into the coffee pot. I poured myself a cup. As I sat, sipping at my coffee, I convinced myself that it was only my imagination. Imagination? Wow, I haven’t used that in years. It was hard for me to even remember the last time my mind wandered elsewhere. Well, there were those times when I- no, I won’t go into that.

I heard a child outside, screaming with joy. I stood up and walked to the kitchen window. Pushing back the curtain, I could see the young boy running through a sprinkler. He screamed again, causing my fist to clench and jaws to lock. There was a sudden, loud crash behind me. I whipped around to find the coffee pot lying in hundreds of pieces on the floor. How had it fallen? Did the rat knock it over? I sighed and went to the hallway closet for rags and a broom.

I threw away the broken glass, and washed the mug I had used. I decided to check the garage for something to kill this rat that kept ruining my morning. I moved past the plastic containers, which were now starting to fill up the garage, to the tools. I really needed to clean them off from the last time I used them. I rustled through a box until I found an old poison rat trap. I opened it and saw it had already been used.

I heard the clicking of heels on the driveway outside the garage door. I sighed to myself and threw the trap away. I heard the doorbell ring and started making my way to the front door. As I was closing the garage door, I felt a tug at the bottom of my pant leg. I looked down, hoping to catch the rat red-handed, but the doorbell rang again. I huffed and stomped to the front of the house. I opened the door halfway.

“Hi,” a young blonde woman was standing on the old welcome mat, smiling at me.

I opened the door fully, “Hello.”

“I just wanted to introduce myself. I just moved in next door,” she smiled and held her hand out.

I looked down at her hand for a moment, then back up to meet her eyes. I shook her hand slowly.

When she pulled away, I noticed her fidgeting with her bracelets, “Well, it was nice meeting you. If you ever need anything, don’t be afraid to ask.”

I flicked my tongue across my lips, still staring at her hands. I smiled at her, “I’ll be sure to do that.”

I closed the door silently and wiped my face with my hand. I turned around and saw grey everywhere. Rats weren’t the cause of my shake up this morning. All around me were severed hands. Shit, I left the garage door open. They began to climb up my pant legs. I tried shaking them off, but they held tight. I began swatting at them. They covered my eyes and mouth. There were just too many.

title: "Hands" a short story I wrote for my English class

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the narrator?

answer: The story reveals that the narrator is haunted by rats, possibly experiencing hallucinations. The narrator is overwhelmed and unable to deal with the threat posed by the rats. The narrator does not like being touched and reacts violently to challenges, breaking fragile items. Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings.

text: This is false. The narrator does not break anything and there's no indication he reacts violently to challenges.

refinement: The story reveals that the narrator is haunted by rats, possibly experiencing hallucinations. The narrator is overwhelmed and unable to deal with the threat posed by the rats. Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings.

text: "haunted" isn't really the right word and the narrator is not experiencing hallucinations. It would be better to say that the narrator believes there are rats in their house.

refinement: The story reveals that the narrator believes there are rats in his home. The narrator is overwhelmed and unable to deal with the threat posed by the rats. Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings.

text: This isn't necessarily true. The narrator is just annoyed by what they think are rats.

refinement: The story reveals that the narrator believes there are rats in his home.  Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings.

text: It's omitted that the narrator prefers silence, isn't very imaginative, and is annoyed by his loud neighbor.

refinement: The story reveals that the narrator believes there are rats in his home.  Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings. He prefers silence, isn't very imaginative, and is annoyed by his loud neighbor.

text: It's omitted that when the narrator's new neighbor introduces herself, he stares at her hands.

refinement: The story reveals that the narrator believes there are rats in his home.  Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings. He prefers silence, isn't very imaginative, and is annoyed by his loud neighbor. When the narrator's new neighbor introduces herself, he stares at her hands.

text: It's omitted that it's revealed that the rats are really severed hands, and they attack the narrator.

refinement: The story reveals that the narrator believes there are rats in his home.  Overall, the narrator is paranoid and uncomfortable in his surroundings. He prefers silence, isn't very imaginative, and is annoyed by his loud neighbor. When the narrator's new neighbor introduces herself, he stares at her hands. It's then revealed that the rats are really severed hands, and they attack the narrator.

answer: The narrator wakes up in a grumpy mood. He is annoyed by his neighbors. He realizes rats have been messing around in his kitchen. A young blonde knocks on his door and introduces herself as the new neighbor. He shuts the door after this and rats crawl all over him.

text: It's omitted that the narrator enjoys silence.

refinement: The narrator wakes up in a grumpy mood. He is annoyed by his neighbors and enjoys silence. He realizes rats have been messing around in his kitchen. A young blonde knocks on his door and introduces herself as the new neighbor. He shuts the door after this and rats crawl all over him.

text: It's omitted that the narrator seems to be interested in hands, as he stares at the blonde's hands.

refinement: The narrator wakes up in a grumpy mood. He is annoyed by his neighbors and enjoys silence. He realizes rats have been messing around in his kitchen. A young blonde knocks on his door and introduces herself as the new neighbor. During the exchange, he seems to be interested in her hands. He shuts the door after this and rats crawl all over him.

text: Rats do not crawl over the narrator, severed hands do. This reveal is important as it ties into the narrator's interest in the neighbor's hands.

refinement: The narrator wakes up in a grumpy mood. He is annoyed by his neighbors and enjoys silence. He realizes rats have been messing around in his kitchen. A young blonde knocks on his door and introduces herself as the new neighbor. During the exchange, he seems to be interested in her hands. He shuts the door after this and it's revealed that the rats are actually severed hands. They crawl all over him.

text: It's not clear if the narrator is in a grumpy mood. It would be better to omit this.

refinement: He is annoyed by his neighbors and enjoys silence. He realizes rats have been messing around in his kitchen. A young blonde knocks on his door and introduces herself as the new neighbor. During the exchange, he seems to be interested in her hands. He shuts the door after this and it's revealed that the rats are actually severed hands. They crawl all over him.

text: It's omitted that the narrator doesn't use his imagination much.

refinement: He is annoyed by his neighbors, not very imaginative, and enjoys silence. He realizes rats have been messing around in his kitchen. A young blonde knocks on his door and introduces herself as the new neighbor. During the exchange, he seems to be interested in her hands. He shuts the door after this and it's revealed that the rats are actually severed hands. They crawl all over him.

answer: The narrator seems unkempt, with dirty-looking hair and wrinkled clothes. The narrator is silent and prefers the cold water in the shower. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled.

text: This is false. The narrator's appearance isn't really mentioned. He shaves, so he can't be too unkempt.

refinement: The narrator is silent and prefers the cold water in the shower. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled.

text: It's false that the narrator prefers cold water. They take a warm shower.

refinement: The narrator is silent. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled.

text: It's not clear if the narrator is silence, but he prefers silence. This distinction should be made.

refinement: The narrator prefers silence. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled.

text: It's omitted that the narrator believes his house is infested with rats that keep bothering him, and he seeks to get rid of them.

refinement: The narrator prefers silence. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled because he believes his house is infested with rats that keep bothering him. He seeks to get rid of them.

text: It's omitted that when the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands.

refinement: The narrator prefers silence. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled because he believes his house is infested with rats that keep bothering him. He seeks to get rid of them. When the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands.

text: It's omitted that after the narrator greets the neighbor, he discovers that the rat infestation is actually severed hands, and they attack him.

refinement: The narrator prefers silence. He hates music in the shower. He is skeptical of his imagination. He is unsettled because he believes his house is infested with rats that keep bothering him. He seeks to get rid of them. When the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands. After the narrator greets the neighbor, he discovers that the rat infestation is actually severed hands, and they attack him.

answer: The narrator is shaken by the appearance of rats in their home, as well as by the appearance of severed human hands in their garage. The narrator seems wary and paranoid, easily prone to being startled. The narrator is also indifferent and detached, as seen in their cold interactions with the new neighbor. Overall, the narrator appears largely unsympathetic.

text: The interaction with the narrator isn't necessarily cold or detached. It would be better to omit this.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by the appearance of rats in their home, as well as by the appearance of severed human hands in their garage. The narrator seems wary and paranoid, easily prone to being startled. Overall, the narrator appears largely unsympathetic.

text: The story doesn't paint the narrator as sympathetic or unsympathetic. It would be better to omit this.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by the appearance of rats in their home, as well as by the appearance of severed human hands in their garage. The narrator seems wary and paranoid, easily prone to being startled.

text: The narrator does not seem easily prone to being startled. They're being rationally startled by what they think are rats.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by the appearance of rats in their home, as well as by the appearance of severed human hands in their garage. The narrator seems wary and paranoid.

text: Specify that the narrator seems wary and paranoid of the rats.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by the appearance of rats in their home, as well as by the appearance of severed human hands in their garage. The narrator seems wary and paranoid of the rats.

text: The narrator is shaken by what they think are rats, not the appearance of. Additionally, it would be better to say that the rats are revealed to be severed human hands. This sentence makes it sound like they're too separate entitieds.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by what they suspect to be rats in their home. The narrator seems wary and paranoid of the rats. It's later revealed that the rats are severed human hands.

text: It's omitted that the narrator prefers silence, finds his noisy neighbor annoying, and isn't very imaginative.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by what they suspect to be rats in their home. The narrator seems wary and paranoid of the rats. It's later revealed that the rats are severed human hands. The narrator prefers silence, finds his noisy neighbor annoying, and isn't very imaginative.

text: It's omitted that when the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by what they suspect to be rats in their home. The narrator seems wary and paranoid of the rats. It's later revealed that the rats are severed human hands. The narrator prefers silence, finds his noisy neighbor annoying, and isn't very imaginative. When the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands.

text: It's omitted the narrator is attacked by the hands.

refinement: The narrator is shaken by what they suspect to be rats in their home. The narrator seems wary and paranoid of the rats. It's later revealed that the rats are severed human hands. The narrator prefers silence, finds his noisy neighbor annoying, and isn't very imaginative. When the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands. After this, he is attacked by severed hands.

answer: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom. The narrator ignores the first feeling because they were used to being numb. They shower and fix their coffee in silence. The narrator wakes to a crash of the coffee pot and sees severed hands climbing up their pantlegs.

text: There is no mention of the narrator ignoring the problem because he's used to being numb. This should be omitted.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom.  They shower and fix their coffee in silence. The narrator wakes to a crash of the coffee pot and sees severed hands climbing up their pantlegs.

text: It would be better to say the narrator prefers silence.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom.  They shower and fix their coffee in silence, as they prefer silence overall. The narrator wakes to a crash of the coffee pot and sees severed hands climbing up their pantlegs.

text: This is false. The narrator's waking, the coffee pot, and the severed hands attack are three separate incidents.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom.  They shower and fix their coffee in silence, as they prefer silence overall.

text: It's omitted that the narrator believes there is a rat infestation in their house and seeks to get rid of them.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom. The narrator believes there is a rat infestation in their house and seeks to get rid of them.  They shower and fix their coffee in silence, as they prefer silence overall.

text: It's omitted that the narrator isn't very imaginative and is annoyed by a loud neighbor.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom. The narrator believes there is a rat infestation in their house and seeks to get rid of them. They shower and fix their coffee in silence, as they prefer silence overall. They aren't very imaginative and are annoyed by their loud neighbor.

text: It's omitted that when the narrator's new neighbor stops to introduce herself, he stares at her hands.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom. The narrator believes there is a rat infestation in their house and seeks to get rid of them. They shower and fix their coffee in silence, as they prefer silence overall. They aren't very imaginative and are annoyed by their loud neighbor. When their new neighbor stops to introduce herself, they stare at her hands.

text: It's omitted that it's revealed the rats are severed hands and they attack the narrator.

refinement: The narrator wakes up and hears something within the walls of the bedroom. The narrator believes there is a rat infestation in their house and seeks to get rid of them. They shower and fix their coffee in silence, as they prefer silence overall. They aren't very imaginative and are annoyed by their loud neighbor. When their new neighbor stops to introduce herself, they stare at her hands. It's revealed the rats are severed hands and they attack the narrator.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about its setting?

answer: The story says that the setting is infested with rats and severed hands. The protagonist begins to doubt his sanity and is met with a young neighbor who disturbs the setting with her cheerfulness. The rat problem and the neighbor might be related. The setting is unwholesome and scary.

text: The setting is technically only infested with severed hands, as the rats are really just hands.

refinement: The story says that the setting is infested with severed hands that the narrator originally mistakes for rats. The protagonist begins to doubt his sanity and is met with a young neighbor who disturbs the setting with her cheerfulness. The rat problem and the neighbor might be related. The setting is unwholesome and scary.

text: The doubting of sanity isn't a part of the setting, and it's inaccurate that the neighbor disturbs the setting. This sentence should be omitted.

refinement: The story says that the setting is infested with severed hands that the narrator originally mistakes for rats. The rat problem and the neighbor might be related. The setting is unwholesome and scary.

text: This is completely false. Nothing indicates this in the story.

refinement: The story says that the setting is infested with severed hands that the narrator originally mistakes for rats. The setting is unwholesome and scary.

text: It would be better to omit this and stick with scary.

refinement: The story says that the setting is infested with severed hands that the narrator originally mistakes for rats. The setting is scary.

text: It's omitted that the setting takes place in the narrator's house in a neighborhood.

refinement: The story says that the setting is in a neighborhood where the narrator's house is infested with severed hands that the narrator originally mistakes for rats. The setting is scary.

answer: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage. The broken glass from his coffee pot lies on the floor, and he makes his way to the hallway closet to grab more materials to fix the glass. The narrator seems to have a furry problem. The first use of the word “rat” in the story doesn't confuse the narrator. The narrative places the story somewhere in California based on the weather description and used the West Coast dialect that describes the narrator.

text: The broken glass isn't a part of the setting. It just happens within the setting and the narrator takes care of it. Additionally, the narrator doesn't go look to fix the glass.

refinement: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage. The narrator seems to have a furry problem. The first use of the word “rat” in the story doesn't confuse the narrator. The narrative places the story somewhere in California based on the weather description and used the West Coast dialect that describes the narrator.

text: There is no mention of a "furry problem" in the story. This should be omitted.

refinement: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage. The first use of the word “rat” in the story doesn't confuse the narrator. The narrative places the story somewhere in California based on the weather description and used the West Coast dialect that describes the narrator.

text: This is both confusing and irrelevant to the setting. It should be omitted.

refinement: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage. The narrative places the story somewhere in California based on the weather description and used the West Coast dialect that describes the narrator.

text: There is no mention of where the house is, no mention of weather, and there is no West Coast dialect. This should be omitted.

refinement: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage.

text: It's omitted that the house is infested with severed hands that the narrator mistook for rats.

refinement: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house. The house is infested with severed hands that the narrator had mistaken for rats. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage.

text: It's omitted that the house is in a neighborhood.

refinement: The story takes place in a narrative where the main narrator lives in a chaotic house in a neighborhood. The house is infested with severed hands that the narrator had mistaken for rats. There are many plastic containers filling up his garage.

answer: The man lives a sleepy suburb, which is depicted as haunted. Apart from the boy, the only other character is a woman who moves next door. He thinks it's a great place to live, and he brushes aside the rats in his kitchen as incidental.

text: This is inaccurate. There is no mention of the narrator's opinions of their neighborhood.

refinement: The man lives a sleepy suburb, which is depicted as haunted. Apart from the boy, the only other character is a woman who moves next door. he brushes aside the rats in his kitchen as incidental.

text: This is irrelevant to the question.

refinement: The man lives a sleepy suburb, which is depicted as haunted. Apart from the boy, the only other character is a woman who moves next door.

text: There is no indication that the man lives in a sleepy suburb that's haunted. It's only apparent he lives in a neighborhood of sorts.

refinement: The man lives in a neighborhood. Apart from the boy, the only other character is a woman who moves next door.

text: It's omitted the man lives in a house that is seemingly infested with severed hands he'd mistaken for rats.

refinement: The man lives in a neighborhood and his house is seemingly infested with severed hands he'd mistaken for rats. Apart from the boy, the only other character is a woman who moves next door.

text: This is irrelevant to the question.

refinement: The man lives in a neighborhood and his house is seemingly infested with severed hands he'd mistaken for rats.

answer: The story indicates that the setting is the protagonist's home and the garage around the home. The protagonist seems drawn to hands and the story describes that hands are everywhere around the protagonist. The hands begin to invade the protagonist's personal space and cause great distress through their endless crawling. This implies that the setting is both claustrophobic and eerie.

text: This is irrelevant to the setting.

refinement: The story indicates that the setting is the protagonist's home and the garage around the home. The story describes that hands are everywhere around the protagonist. The hands begin to invade the protagonist's personal space and cause great distress through their endless crawling. This implies that the setting is both claustrophobic and eerie.

text: This is unnecessary as mentioning the home would already imply the garage.

refinement: The story indicates that the setting is the protagonist's home. The story describes that hands are everywhere around the protagonist. The hands begin to invade the protagonist's personal space and cause great distress through their endless crawling. This implies that the setting is both claustrophobic and eerie.

text: It's omitted that the protagonist lives in a neighborhood.

refinement: The story indicates that the setting is the protagonist's home in a neighborhood. The story describes that hands are everywhere around the protagonist. The hands begin to invade the protagonist's personal space and cause great distress through their endless crawling. This implies that the setting is both claustrophobic and eerie.

answer: The narrator lives in an apartment that is not well maintained. A young blonde introduces herself as the new neighbor. After he shuts the door, rats crawl all over him. There were too many to control.

text: The house isn't necessarily described as not well maintained. This should be omitted.

refinement: The narrator lives in an apartment. A young blonde introduces herself as the new neighbor. After he shuts the door, rats crawl all over him. There were too many to control.

text: The narrator technically lives in a house in a neighborhood.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house in a neighborhood. A young blonde introduces herself as the new neighbor. After he shuts the door, rats crawl all over him. There were too many to control.

text: These aren't necessarily aspects of the setting.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house in a neighborhood.

text: It's omitted the man lives in a house that is seemingly infested with severed hands he'd mistaken for rats.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house in a neighborhood. His house is seemingly infested with severed hands he'd mistaken for rats.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about rats?

answer: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom. It must be rats, he realizes. He takes out rat traps and poisons them. He also hears an outside screaming, but doesn't understand that it's coming from his own mind. After the woman leaves, she hears from the boy inside and swatting at his bed.

text: This is both irrelevant to the question and inaccurate. The narrator doesn't believe the scream comes from his own mind.

refinement: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom. It must be rats, he realizes. He takes out rat traps and poisons them. After the woman leaves, she hears from the boy inside and swatting at his bed.

text: This is false and needs to be omitted.

refinement: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom. It must be rats, he realizes. He takes out rat traps and poisons them.

text: The narrator is actually out of rat traps that work, so he does not poison any. It would be better to say that the narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as he sees them as pests.

refinement: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom. It must be rats, he realizes. The protagonist wants to get rid of the rats, as he sees them as pests.

text: It's omitted that the protagonist belives he's seeing rats out of the corner of his eyes.

refinement: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom and thinks he sees them out of the corner of his eyes. It must be rats, he realizes. The protagonist wants to get rid of the rats, as he sees them as pests.

text: It's omitted the protagonist thinks the rats may have broken his coffee pot.

refinement: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom and thinks he sees them out of the corner of his eyes. It must be rats, he realized He believes they also broke his coffee pot. The protagonist wants to get rid of the rats, as he sees them as pests.

text: It's omitted that the narrator discovers that the rats are actually severed hands.

refinement: The protagonist thinks they hear something crawling in the walls of their bedroom and thinks he sees them out of the corner of his eyes. It must be rats, he realized He believes they also broke his coffee pot. The protagonist wants to get rid of the rats, as he sees them as pests. He later realizes the rats are actually severed hands.

answer: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience fear and chaos in the morning. The narrator finds the rats both physical and metaphorical, with hands crawling over their body and the constant crashing of the coffee pot.

text: This sentence is both confusing and inaccurate. The narrator doesn't find the rats to be metaphorical, and the coffee pot isn't constantly crashing. This should be omitted.

refinement: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience fear and chaos in the morning.

text: The narrator doesn't necessarily feel fear.

refinement: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience chaos in the morning.

text: It's omitted that the presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house.

refinement: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience chaos in the morning. Ihe presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house.

text: It's omitted that the narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot.

refinement: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience chaos in the morning. The presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot.

text: It's omitted that the narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as they are pests.

refinement: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience chaos in the morning. The presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot. He wants to get rid of the rats, as they are described as pests.

text: It's omitted that the narrator later realizes the rats are actual severed hands.

refinement: The rats are described as causing the narrator to experience chaos in the morning. The presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot. He wants to get rid of the rats, as they are described as pests. He later realizes the rats are actual severed hands.

answer: The narrator lives in an apartment that is not well maintained and possibly infested with rats. A young blonde introduces herself as the new neighbor. After he shuts the door, rats crawl all over him.

text: This is irrelevant to the question and should be omitted.

refinement: The narrator lives in an apartment that is not well maintained and possibly infested with rats. After he shuts the door, rats crawl all over him.

text: This is false. It's severed hands that attack the narrator.

refinement: The narrator lives in an apartment that is not well maintained and possibly infested with rats.

text: It's not clear if the house isn't well maintained. This detail is unnecessary.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house possibly infested with rats.

text: It's omitted that the presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house possibly infested with rats. The narrator is woken up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house.

text: It's omitted that the narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house possibly infested with rats. The narrator is woken up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator also blames rats for the broken coffee pot.

text: It's omitted that the narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as they are pests.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house possibly infested with rats. The narrator is woken up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator also blames rats for the broken coffee pot. The narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as the story makes it seem they are pests.

text: It's omitted that the narrator later realizes the rats are actually severed hands.

refinement: The narrator lives in a house possibly infested with rats. The narrator is woken up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator also blames rats for the broken coffee pot. The narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as the story makes it seem they are pests. The narrator later realizes the rats are actually severed hands.

answer: The narrator has a vision of severed hands, which he believed to be the work of rats. Rats in general are disgusting pests and they eat any human debris they find around the house, meaning a severed finger can also land in their mouths. The narrator might be a serial killer.

text: This is phrased strangely. It would be better to say that the narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands.

refinement: The narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands. Rats in general are disgusting pests and they eat any human debris they find around the house, meaning a severed finger can also land in their mouths. The narrator might be a serial killer.

text: This doesn't explain what the text says about the rats and is more of a general description. IT should be omitted.

refinement: The narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands. The narrator might be a serial killer.

text: This is irrelevant to the matter of rats.

refinement: The narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands.

text: It's omitted that the presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house.

refinement: The narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands. The presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house.

text: It's omitted that the narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot.

refinement: The narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands. The presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot.

text: It's omitted that the narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as they are pests.

refinement: The narrator assumes the chaos in his home is due to rats, but it's really severed hands. The presumed rats wake the narrator up with crawling in the walls, and he believes he sees them out of the corner of his eyes in his house. The narrator believes the rats broke his coffee pot. The story paints a picture of rats being pests, so the narrator sets out to get rid of them.

answer: The text discusses rats as something crawling within the walls of the protagonist's bedroom, causing him to wake up in the morning. The protagonist encounters rats both in the shower and in the garage. The text also discusses their reputation as destructive creatures.

text: The text doesn't necessarily discuss the reputation of rats. It just mentions some incidents of destruction in the home that could be attributed to rats.

refinement: The text discusses rats as something crawling within the walls of the protagonist's bedroom, causing him to wake up in the morning. The protagonist encounters rats both in the shower and in the garage. The protagonist also assumes the rats have broken his coffee pot.

text: It's omitted that the protagonist doesn't officially see rats. He assumes all the crawling and sights are from rats, but he doesn't actually see them.

refinement: The text discusses rats as something he assumes are the culprits behind the crawling in the walls of the protagonist's bedroom, which caused him to wake up in the morning. The protagonist encounters rats both in the shower and in the garage. The protagonist also assumes the rats have broken his coffee pot.

text: It's omitted that the protagonist realizes in the end of the story that the rats are actually severed hands.

refinement: The text discusses rats as something he assumes are the culprits behind the crawling in the walls of the protagonist's bedroom, which caused him to wake up in the morning. The protagonist encounters rats both in the shower and in the garage. The protagonist also assumes the rats have broken his coffee pot. The protagonist realizes in the end of the story that the rats are actually severed hands.

text: It's omitted that the narrator wants to get rid of the rats, as they are pests.

refinement: The text discusses rats as something he assumes are the culprits behind the crawling in the walls of the protagonist's bedroom, which caused him to wake up in the morning. The protagonist encounters rats both in the shower and in the garage. The protagonist also assumes the rats have broken his coffee pot. The protagonist wants to get rid of the rats as they are destructive, but realizes in the end of the story that the rats are actually severed hands.


text:
Cal stared at the shack from across the campfire. The bouncing red and orange hues danced along the grasping vines that threatened to drag the hut back into the earth.
It was stable enough, he thought, but the mottled logs that held deep cuts from the twisting bark twine told a different story. It sagged off kilter precariously in a dismally comedic state. The shack was the jungle’s maw, sunken into the wild growth like a dead scream.

The night air was oppressively humid and sweltering hot. Eyes in the dense underbrush were illuminated in white-hot arrays of primality quickly blinking in and out of existence. There were so many eyes, he thought. To Cal, the fires made the forest seem omnipotent, as if strangers possessed by raw instinct sorted through his soul.

He couldn’t have been sure about where he was. Brazil or Bolivia, it was impossible to be certain, but it hardly mattered. He knew that the trees formed an incomprehensibly vast canopy of green for as far as he could see. The rainforest around him was a living middle finger to diplomatic delineation.

Through the jungle ahead of him there was a mud-brown river that rushed by in brash indifference, only to be drowned out by the clicking and crackling of the forest. The rainforest was a crashing wave of life, and each day he could feel it creeping closer in to crush him. He was alone.

There was no solace in the rainforest. It was an all-encompassing organ of green that swallowed civility indiscriminately.  Cal knew he wouldn’t be able to stay there for much longer. The sneaking rot and mildew had left him destitute and frail, but where could he have gone?

He wondered what had happened in Manaus after he had left. After the rioting started and the food got scarce, he fell in with a group of refugees and followed the Rio Madeira south. The exodus from the cities had been massive, and death clung to the refugees as they fled, but not even that immense magnitude of death had stirred their gods.

The rainforest had become their cradle of zealotry in the hysteria. New tribes and new warlords pocked the landscape with their frenzied prophecies every month, while each surge of refugees brought with them in their death throes new mania to be preyed upon. However, the harsh realities of the jungle greeted them with a staggering loss of life. Unfinished mass graves created a stench that lingered for miles as apex predators and the undergrowth engulfed the bodies indiscriminately. The smell came and went as he traveled, but it always seemed to linger, sometimes ever so slightly, amongst the mud and rain.

The surrounding tribes had carved out their ramshackle cities with a relentless perseverance. Before the Fall, the larger zealot factions captured the government’s burners and atomizers, rallying the citizens around false promises of jungle utopia. Sometimes he could hear their machines gnashing through the forest, answering the human race’s plight with astonishing hypocrisy. Slavery was common now in the jungle, and the zealot leaders ruled with calculated brutality and war. The people’s search for salvation had quickly dissolved into aimless chaos.

The fire burned low and hissed as he fed it another wet log. He wondered about when the shack was built, probably in some by-gone era of indigenous life, an extinguished civilization giving refuge to another. He stared at the fading shack and was lost. There was nothing for him there. Cal grabbed his bright blue tarp and crawled underneath the broken roof, where he had laid a mat of wide green fronds.

He slept.

title: [SF] Burned Jungle

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does Cal find in the jungle?

answer: Unfinished mass graves, rotting bodies, and a pervasive smell of death.

answer: He finds a shack in the jungle.

answer: He finds a shack in the jungle that is built on an ancient civilization.

answer: Travelers, remnants of civilization struggling to survive, starvation, burnt and skeletal bodies from mass graves.

answer: A shelter, which he regards as suspect.

answer: Unfinished mass graves, rotting bodies, and a pervasive smell of death, as well as ramshackle cities carved out by tribes and the zealots who rule them.

answer: Travelers, remnants of civilization struggling to survive, starvation and scorched skeletal bodies from mass graves.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the setting of the story?

answer: The story is set in a jungle.

answer: The rainforest.

answer: Jungle

answer: The story takes place in a rainforest.

answer: The rain forest.


text:
The 1940 IRISH GREYHOUND DERBY took place during September and October with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on 5 October.[1]

The winner Tanist won £225 and was owned by Arthur Probert of London and bred by Mr W.Twyford (real name Father Browne). Tanist a brindle dog whelped in March 1938 would become one of the fastest trackers in the sport and was one of the foundation sires of modern racing greyhounds.[2]

Final result

At Shelbourne Park, 5 October (over 525 yards):

  Position   Name of Greyhound        Breeding                        Trap   SP      Time    Trainer
  ---------- ------------------------ ------------------------------- ------ ------- ------- --------------------------
  1st        Tanist                   Inler - Tranquilla              2      4-5f    29.89   Billy Quinn (Killenaule)
  2nd        Another Dancing Willie   Dasher Lad - Dancing Comet      5      2-1     30.37
  3rd        William the Conqueror    breeding unknown                4      6-1     30.40
  unplaced   Prince Norroy            Castledown Lad - Ruddy Mutton   1      10-1
  unplaced   Fearless Gaughan         breeding unknown                6      100-6
  unplaced   Cabin Blaze              breeding unknown                3      100-6

Distances

6, neck (lengths)

Competition Report

Shelbourne track record holder Tanist returned to Ireland after an unsuccessful spell at Wimbledon Stadium and within a week of his return he set a new national record for 525yds. He was entered for the Derby and was the firm favourite.[3][4]

Forty of Ireland's leading greyhounds entered the event and the early rounds proved a test for Tanist who found trouble but scraped through to round two where he won in 30.21. Another Dancing Willie won both of his opening rounds and defending champion Marchin' Thro' Georgia made it to the semi finals.

In the first semi final there was a very strong line up with ended with Tanist coming home first in a time of 29.80; twice Trigo Cup champion Fearless Gaughan finished second and Prince Norroy who would go on to win the Easter Cup the following year denied Marchin' Thro' Georgia a second Derby final appearance by taking third place. In the second semi Another Dancing Willie continued his winning ways by recording 29.94 success.[5]

The expected battle between Tanist and Another Dancing Willie did not materialise because Tanist eased to a six length victory in another very fast time of 29.89. Tanist passed the early leaders Another Dancing Willie and Prince Norroy on the back straight and drew clear.[6]

See Also

1940 UK & Ireland Greyhound Racing Year

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

title: 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Which months did the 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby take place?

answer: September and October.

text: "GREYHOUND DERBY took place during September and October" is evidence of the Greyhound Derby taking place in the months of September and October.

answer: September and October.

text: "GREYHOUND DERBY took place during September and October" is evidence of the Greyhound Derby taking place in the months of September and October.

answer: March and October.

text: Incorrectly mentions the Derby taking place in March and October, however it was September and October.

answer: September and October

text: "GREYHOUND DERBY took place during September and October" is evidence of the Greyhound Derby taking place in the months of September and October.

answer: The 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby took place during September and October.

text: "GREYHOUND DERBY took place during September and October" is evidence of the Greyhound Derby taking place in the months of September and October.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who won?

answer: Tanist.

text: "The winner Tanist" is evidence of the winner being Tanist.

answer: Tanist won the 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby.

text: "The winner Tanist" is evidence of the winner being Tanist.

answer: Tanist won the 1940 IRISH GREYHOUND DERBY.

text: "The winner Tanist" is evidence of the winner being Tanist.

answer: Tanist, and was owned by Arthur Pretz.

text: It incorrectly mentions Tanist was owned by Arthur Pretz, however he was owned by Arthur Probert of London

answer: Tanist.

text: "The winner Tanist" is evidence of the winner being Tanist.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How much did he win?

answer: Tanist won £225.

text: "The winner Tanist won £225" is evidence that Tanist won £225

answer: Tanist won £225 for his win in the 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby.

text: "The winner Tanist won £225" is evidence that Tanist won £225

answer: 225 pounds.

text: "The winner Tanist won £225" is evidence that Tanist won £225

answer: There is no specific amount mentioned. Instead the prize money is referenced in USD.

text: It incorrectly mentions there is no amount specified, however it is stated that Tanist won £225

answer: 225 euros.

text: It incorrectly mentions the amount in euros instead of GBP.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who owned Tanist?

answer: Tanist was owned by Arthur Probert of London.

text: "Tanist won £225 and was owned by Arthur Probert of London" is evidence that Tanist is owned by Arthur Probert of London

answer: Shelbourne ParkWelcome to Blackpool betting line.

text: It incorrectly answers the question with irrelevant information.

refinement: Tanist was owned by Arthur Probert of London

answer: Tanist was owned by Arthur Probert of London.

text: "Tanist won £225 and was owned by Arthur Probert of London" is evidence that Tanist is owned by Arthur Probert of London

answer: Arthur Probert.

text: "Tanist won £225 and was owned by Arthur Probert of London" is evidence that Tanist is owned by Arthur Probert of London

answer: Arthur Probert of London.

text: "Tanist won £225 and was owned by Arthur Probert of London" is evidence that Tanist is owned by Arthur Probert of London

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: This article is about the 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby. Tanist won 225 pounds with preformance second-to-none. The track record was broken and Tanist won the semi-finals and final.

answer: The 1940 IRISH GREYHOUND DERBY took place during September and October with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on 5 October. The winner, Tanist, won £225 and was owned by Arthur Probert of London and bred by Mr W. Twyford. In the final, Tanist easily beat both Another Dancing Willie and Prince Norroy to take first place in an extremely fast 29.89.

answer: The 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby, also known as Shelbourne Cup, was held on October 5. Tanist, a brindle dog, set a new national record at 525yds. He beat the competition and won the derby, and his parents were Inler and Tranquilla.

text: Some details are not mentioned in the text but are implied or uses external info.

refinement: The 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby, also known as Shelbourne Cup, was held on October 5. Tanist, a brindle dog, set a new national record at 525yds. He beat the competition and won the derby, and it is implied that his parents were Inler and Tranquilla.

answer: The 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby took place in September and October of that year. The final was held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on 5 October and Tanist was the winner. He beat Another Dancing Willie by six lengths and set a new track record at 29.89 seconds.

answer: The 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby was held over the months of September and October, with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on the fifth of October of that year. Track record holder Tanist, a brindle greyhound dog owned by Arthur Probert of London and bred by Mr W. Tyford in 1938,was declared the winner. He took home $225 euros for this victory.

text: It inaccurately mentions Tanist won 225 euros, however he won £225

refinement: The 1940 Irish Greyhound Derby was held over the months of September and October, with the final being held at Shelbourne Park in Dublin on the fifth of October of that year. Track record holder Tanist, a brindle greyhound dog owned by Arthur Probert of London and bred by Mr W. Tyford in 1938,was declared the winner. He took home £225 for this victory.