text:
On the other side of our Human World, there was a Monster World.

There was a young monster named Davi.  Davi was a lonely boy.  He had　seven　brothers, but he always stayed home alone.

Davi cried everyday.  He wanted to make friends.

Davi went to talk to his grandfather, who was the guard of the gate　which connects　Human World and Monster World.

Davi asked his grandfather, "I want to go to Human World.  I don't　have any friends here.  Maybe I can make friends over there."

Gradfather said "No, it's too dangerous.  No one in Human World likes Monsters.  You won't make any friends there."

But Davi went "Nobody in Monster World likes me anyway.  I want to at least try making friends in Human World!"

Grandfather decided to allow Davi 3 days in Human World, and gave Davi 3 gold coins, and told him "These coins may help you when you are in trouble."

Davi thanked his grandfather, and went through the gate.

Davi walked through the dark...

Davi landed on the street.  He was amazed at the sun, the sky, the　tall trees, and the houses!

Davi saw a college dormitory in which college girls were petting a　cat.

Davi sneaked into the dormitory and talked to the cat.　"Mr!" said Davi.  "How can I make friends with humans?"

" Meow! " answered Mr. Cat.  "I am not going to tell you　because you are a Monster.  We don't like monsters.  But I see you have　three gold coins in your pocket.  If you give me one coin, I'll answer　your question."

Davi gave him one gold coin.  Then Mr. Cat went "Ok!  All I do is　mew and purr at people's feet."

Davi said "Thank you, Mr. Cat!"

Davi approached the college girls, who were busy chattering with each other, and purred and mewed at their feet.  The college girls turned around, and...

"AAARRRGGGHHH!!!  Monster!!!"  The college girls screamed in horror, and ran out of the building!

Davi was left alone in the dormitory.  He walked out on the street, and he cried and cried and cried all night long.

On the second day, Davi saw two young boys playing with a dog in a house.

Davi sneaked into the house, and talked to the Dog. "Mr!" said Davi.  "How can I make friends with Humans?"

" Arf!" answers Mr. Dog.  "I am not going to tell you because you are a monster.  We don't monsters.  But I see you have two gold coins in your pocket.  If you give me one coin, I'll be happy to answer your question."

So Davi gave him one coin.  Then Mr. Dog went "Okay!  All I do is bow-wow, and lick people's faces."  "Thank you, Mr. Dog!" said Davi.

Davi approached the two young boys, and suddenly licked their faces and BOW-WOWED!!

"AAARRRGGGHHH!!! MONSTER!!"  cried the two young boys.  They screamed in horror and ran out of the building!

Davi was left alone in the house.  He walked out on the street, and he cried and cried and cried all night long.

On the third day, Davi saw a huge house in which an old blind lady was feeding a small bird in a cage.

Davi sneaked into the house, and talked to the bird. "Mrs!" said Davi.  "How can I make friends with humans?"

"Chirp!" answered Mrs. Bird.  "I am not going to tell you because you are a Monster.  We don't Monsters.  But I see you have one gold coin in your pocket.  If you give me the coin, I'll be happy to answer your question."

So Davi gave her his last gold coin.  Then Mrs. Bird says "Okay!  All I do is chirp and sing a song!"

Davi started singing a song.  Then...

"Where does this come from?" the old blind lady approached Davi.  Davi was so happy.  "This is the most beautiful song I have ever heard,"said Old Blind Lady.

Then she touched Davi's face.  "Who are you? What is this?  Could this be a... AAARRRGGGHHH!!! Monster!!!!"  The Old Blind Lady screamed in horror, and fainted dead!

Davi was left alone once again.  He walked out on the street, and he cried and cried and cried all night long.

Davi went back to the gate.  He was very sad.  The trees, the sun, the sky didn't amaze Davi anymore.

Davi met his grandfather at the gate.  Grandfather went "Why are you crying?"  Then Davi answered "I tried really hard to make friends with humans, and asked Mr. Cat, Mr. Dog and Mrs. Bird for advise, and I followed their good advice, but nobody liked
me.  Nobody cared about me anywhere.  I'll be alone for the rest of my life.  Nobody likes me!"

Then grandfather answered "It takes so much courage just to go to Human World.  And you were on your own Davi.  You are the most courageous Monster I have ever seen.  Everytime you cried, you learned to be stronger.  You don't need anyone else."

Davi listened to his grandfather.  "Now go home, Davi," said grandfather.

Davi walked back to his house, and opened the door, then...

Davi's seven brothers rushed to Davi, cheering "We've heard you were in Human World by yourself?!" "I wish I can be like you!"  "You are so brave!"

Davi finally smiled.  From that day on, Davi played with his brothers everyday, and lived happily ever after.

(Copyright @ myself)

title: I hope you like my short children's story I wrote about a monster who tries to make friends with people

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where is the Monster World?

answer: On the other side of the Human World.

text: "On the other side of our Human World, there was a Monster World" is evidence that the Monster world is on the other side of the Human World.

answer: The Monster World is located on the other side of the Human World.

text: "On the other side of our Human World, there was a Monster World" is evidence that the Monster world is on the other side of the Human World.

answer: The Monster World and Human World connect through a gate.

text: While this is true, it does not reveal the location of the monster world.

refinement: The Monster World and Human World connect through a gate. The Monster World is on the other side of the Human World.

text: "Davi went to talk to his grandfather, who was the guard of the gate　which connects　Human World and Monster World" is evidence that a gate connects the two worlds.

answer: On another side of the Human World

text: Should be "the other side" rather than "another side"

answer: The Monster World is on the other side of the Human World.

text: "On the other side of our Human World, there was a Monster World" is evidence that the Monster world is on the other side of the Human World.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How many siblings does Davi have?

answer: Doesn't say.

text: Not true--"He had　seven　brothers" is evidence of the number of siblings he has.

answer: Davi has seven siblings.

text: "He had　seven　brothers" is evidence that Davi has seven siblings.

answer: He has seven brothers.

text: "He had　seven　brothers" is evidence that Davi has seven brothers.

answer: Seven.

text: "He had　seven　brothers" is evidence that Davi has seven siblings.

answer: Seven.

text: "He had　seven　brothers" is evidence that Davi has seven siblings.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why does Davi's grandfather not want him to go to the Human World?

answer: Because Georgounts that only humans will like him or monsters.

text: Answer is nonsensical.

text: Empty answer.

refinement: Because he believes the Human World is dangerous and no one there likes Monsters.

answer: The grandfather is a guard at the Monster World's gate, and so he's seen all the evils of humanity, so he doesn't trust humans at all.

text: The grandfather simply states that the Human World is dangerous--that he has seen all the evils of humanity is unattested and doesn't fit the overall tone of the story.

refinement: The grandfather is a guard at the Monster World's gate, and believe the Human World is dangerous.

answer: It is dangerous there and nobody there likes Monsters.

text: "No, it's too dangerous. No one in Human World likes Monsters" is evidence that Grandfather believes the Human World is dangerous and no one there likes Monsters.

answer: Grandfather doesn't want Davi to go to the Human World because he is afraid Davi will be hurt or killed by the humans living there. He believes that since the humans don't like monsters, Davi will be unable to make friends.

text: It's better to state that Grandfather believes the Human World is dangerous. While danger implies that Davi might be hurt or killed, it doesn't fit the overall tone of the story.

refinement: Grandfather doesn't want Davi to go to the Human World because the Human World is dangerous. He believes that since the humans don't like monsters, Davi will be unable to make friends.

text: "No one in Human World likes Monsters. You won't make any friends there" is evidence that Grandfather believes Davi will not be able to make friends in the Human world.

answer: Grandfather does not want Davi to go to the Human World because it is too dangerous. Humans do not like monsters and Davi is likely to be attacked or face other dangers if he goes.

text: The second line is unattested. While it can be inferred, the phrasing does not fit the tone of the story.

refinement: Grandfather does not want Davi to go to the Human World because it is too dangerous.

text: "No, it's too dangerous" is evidence that Grandfather believes the Human World is dangerous.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who does Davi first seek advice from in the Human World?

answer: Davi first seeks advice from a cat.

answer: Davi first seeks advice from Mr. Cat, Mr. Dog, and Mrs. Bird in the Human World.

text: Does not answer the question, as it does not state which of the three he speaks with first.

answer: He first seeks advice from a cat.

answer: Davi first seeks advice from Mr. Cat, Mr. Dog, and Mrs. Bird.

text: Does not answer the question, as it does not state which of the three he speaks with first.

answer: Mr. Cat

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How does every human react to Davi?

answer: Initially, most humans react in horror, but the old blind lady eventually talks to Davi and is fascinated by his singing and touch.

text: This is incorrect. The old blind lady is fascinated by his singing, but reacts with horror when she touches him and realizes he's a monster.

refinement: Initially, most humans react in horror. The old blind lady is fascinated by his singing but dies of fright after touching him.

text: It is also incorrect to state that the humans initially react with horror, as that implies they overcome it. Rather, they all eventually react with horror.

refinement: Eventually, all humans react in horror. The old blind lady is fascinated by his singing but dies of fright after touching him.

answer: Every human that Davi encounters in Human World reacts with horror, running away or fainting. Davi is unable to make any friends in Human World.

text: The statement that Davi is unable to make friends is not relevant to the question.

refinement: Every human that Davi encounters in Human World reacts with horror, running away or fainting.

answer: Every human reacts to Davi with horror. They scream and run away in terror. Davi has no success in making any friends.

text: The statement that Davi has no success making friends is not relevant to the question.

refinement: Every human reacts to Davi with horror. They scream and run away in terror.

answer: With fear because he is a monster.

answer: They are all left horrified by him.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why do Davi's brothers praise him when he returns?

text: Empty answer.

refinement: Because they think he was brave to travel to the Human World by himself.

answer: Davi's brothers praise him because he undertook a difficult task and succeeded in befriending people even though nobody wanted to be friends with him. Davi had the courage to face the unknown even though others believed it was too dangerous, and so his brothers appreciate and admire his bravery.

text: It is not true that he succeeded in befriending people.

refinement: Davi's brothers praise him because he undertook a difficult task. Davi had the courage to face the unknown even though others believed it was too dangerous, and so his brothers appreciate and admire his bravery.

text: The answer is not specific about what the difficult task is.

refinement: Davi's brothers praise him because he travelled to the Human World on his own. Davi had the courage to face the unknown even though others believed it was too dangerous, and so his brothers appreciate and admire his bravery.

answer: It is implied that the brothers felt sorry for him.

text: This is untrue. Rather, they admire his bravery.

refinement: It is implied that the brothers admire his bravery.

answer: They praise him for having the courage to visit the Human World.

text: "Davi's seven brothers rushed to Davi, cheering "We've heard you were in Human World by yourself?!" "I wish I can be like you!" "You are so brave!"" is evidence that his brothers admire his courage.

answer: The brothers praise Davi because he was courageous enough to leave his home world and try to make friends with people in Human World. They value Davi's courage and wish to emulate that bravery.

text: "Davi's seven brothers rushed to Davi, cheering "We've heard you were in Human World by yourself?!" "I wish I can be like you!" "You are so brave!"" is evidence that his brothers admire his courage and bravery.

question: Write a ~6 sentence summary.

answer: Davi is a lonely young monster living in Monster World. He wants to make friends, but is warned against venturing into Human World. Upon doing so, and attempting to interact with humans, he is greeted with terror and rejection. Though disappointed, Davi returns to Monster World to be greeted by his loving brothers. He learns that courage is enough, and finds happiness.

text: The final sentence could state that he winds up befriending his brothers, thus resolving the central conflict.

refinement: Davi is a lonely young monster living in Monster World. He wants to make friends, but is warned against venturing into Human World. Upon doing so, and attempting to interact with humans, he is greeted with terror and rejection. Though disappointed, Davi returns to Monster World to be greeted by his loving brothers. His brothers admire him for his bravery and play with him every day from then on.

answer: The narrator describes a Monster named Davi, who is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather does not allow it, saying no humans would want to be friends with a monster. He offers three gold coins, telling Davi the money may be useful if he is ever in trouble with humans. Davi goes to the human world, and tries to make friends there. On the second and third days, no one likes him any more than his monster counterparts. On the third day, Davi meets his grandfather at the gate, and talks about how lonely he is and how he tried to make friends and it didn't work. Davi's grandfather says he is very strong and courageous, then asks him to go home. At home, his brothers already know he tried to make friends with humans.

text: It's not necessary to mention the narrator.

refinement: A Monster named Davi is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather does not allow it, saying no humans would want to be friends with a monster. He offers three gold coins, telling Davi the money may be useful if he is ever in trouble with humans. Davi goes to the human world, and tries to make friends there. On the second and third days, no one likes him any more than his monster counterparts. On the third day, Davi meets his grandfather at the gate, and talks about how lonely he is and how he tried to make friends and it didn't work. Davi's grandfather says he is very strong and courageous, then asks him to go home. At home, his brothers already know he tried to make friends with humans.

text: It's not true that Davi's grandfather doesn't allow him to make friends with humans.

refinement: A Monster named Davi is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather warns him that no humans would want to be friends with a monster. He offers three gold coins, telling Davi the money may be useful if he is ever in trouble with humans. Davi goes to the human world, and tries to make friends there. On the second and third days, no one likes him any more than his monster counterparts. On the third day, Davi meets his grandfather at the gate, and talks about how lonely he is and how he tried to make friends and it didn't work. Davi's grandfather says he is very strong and courageous, then asks him to go home. At home, his brothers already know he tried to make friends with humans.

text: The gold coins are an unnecessary detail.

refinement: A Monster named Davi is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather warns him that no humans would want to be friends with a monster. Davi goes to the human world, and tries to make friends there. On the second and third days, no one likes him any more than his monster counterparts. On the third day, Davi meets his grandfather at the gate, and talks about how lonely he is and how he tried to make friends and it didn't work. Davi's grandfather says he is very strong and courageous, then asks him to go home. At home, his brothers already know he tried to make friends with humans.

text: Davi's lack of success in the Human World can be summed up in a single line.

refinement: A Monster named Davi is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather warns him that no humans would want to be friends with a monster. Davi goes to the human world, and tries to make friends there. He fails to make any friends there, as the humans all react to him with fear. At home, his brothers already know he tried to make friends with humans.

text: The final sentence does not mention how his brothers play with him every day, thus resolving the central conflict.

refinement: A Monster named Davi is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather warns him that no humans would want to be friends with a monster. Davi goes to the human world, and tries to make friends there. He fails to make any friends there, as the humans all react to him with fear. At home, his brothers admire his bravery and play with him every day from then on.

text: Human World should be capitalized, as per the story.

refinement: A Monster named Davi is a lonely creature. Davi wishes to make friends with humans, but his grandfather warns him that no humans would want to be friends with a monster. Davi goes to the Human World, and tries to make friends there. He fails to make any friends there, as the humans all react to him with fear. At home, his brothers admire his bravery and play with him every day from then on.

answer: Davi, a monster, lives in the Monster World with his grandfather and seven brothers. He wants to visit the Human World despite his grandfather's warnings. His grandfather lets him go with three coins. In the Human World, he uses his coins to ask for help on how to approach humans. However, he scares the humans every time he approaches them. He is left crying, and returns to his world, where he is praised by his grandfather and brothers for being courageous.

text: Does not mention why Davi wants to visit the human world.

refinement: Davi, a monster, lives in the Monster World with his grandfather and seven brothers. He wants to visit the Human World despite his grandfather's warnings. He hopes to make friends there, as he has no friends in the Monster World. His grandfather lets him go with three coins. In the Human World, he uses his coins to ask for help on how to approach humans. However, he scares the humans every time he approaches them. He is left crying, and returns to his world, where he is praised by his grandfather and brothers for being courageous.

text: Could mention that his brothers play with him every day, as that resolves the central conflict.

refinement: Davi, a monster, lives in the Monster World with his grandfather and seven brothers. He wants to visit the Human World despite his grandfather's warnings. He hopes to make friends there, as he has no friends in the Monster World. His grandfather lets him go with three coins. In the Human World, he uses his coins to ask for help on how to approach humans. However, he scares the humans every time he approaches them. He is left crying, and returns to his world, where he is praised by his grandfather and brothers for being courageous. From then on, his brothers play with him every day.

answer: Davi, a lonely young monster, yearns for friends. He determines to go to the Human World. After being unsuccessfully bullied and rejected by various humans, Davi learns the value of courage. His seven brothers, who previously ignored him, are now excited by Davi's bravery. Davi lives happily ever after, playing with his brothers every day.

text: "determines" should be "decides"

refinement: Davi, a lonely young monster, yearns for friends. He decides to go to the Human World. After being unsuccessfully bullied and rejected by various humans, Davi learns the value of courage. His seven brothers, who previously ignored him, are now excited by Davi's bravery. Davi lives happily ever after, playing with his brothers every day.

text: Could mention why he decides to go to the Human World.

refinement: Davi, a lonely young monster, yearns for friends. He decides to go to the Human World to try and make friends there. After being unsuccessfully bullied and rejected by various humans, Davi learns the value of courage. His seven brothers, who previously ignored him, are now excited by Davi's bravery. Davi lives happily ever after, playing with his brothers every day.

text: It's not quite accurate to say that Davi is bullied in the Human World. (Also, unsuccessfully bullied makes it sound like the bullying didn't work).

refinement: Davi, a lonely young monster, yearns for friends. He decides to go to the Human World to try and make friends there. After being unsuccessfully at making friends with the humans, who all react to him with fear, Davi learns the value of courage. His seven brothers, who previously ignored him, are now excited by Davi's bravery. Davi lives happily ever after, playing with his brothers every day.

answer:
Davi is a young monster who is very sadly bored with life. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, but his grandfather is very strongly against the idea.

Davi decides to sneak to the Human World alone. He tries talking to pets, he asks a pair of young boys for advice and then an old lady. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi goes home crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. Crushed, he tells his grandfather that nobody wanted to make friends with him, and he goes to sleep. When he wakes up, his grandfather takes him back to the Human World again.

text: It is not true that Davi is bored with life.

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, but his grandfather is very strongly against the idea.

Davi decides to sneak to the Human World alone. He tries talking to pets, he asks a pair of young boys for advice and then an old lady. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi goes home crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. Crushed, he tells his grandfather that nobody wanted to make friends with him, and he goes to sleep. When he wakes up, his grandfather takes him back to the Human World again.

text: This summary makes it seem like Davi sneaks into the Human World behind his grandfather's back, which is untrue.

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, and his grandfather warns him that the Human World is dangerous.

Davi's grandfather ultimately allows him to travel to the Human World alone. Davi tries talking to pets, he asks a pair of young boys for advice and then an old lady. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi goes home crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. Crushed, he tells his grandfather that nobody wanted to make friends with him, and he goes to sleep. When he wakes up, his grandfather takes him back to the Human World again.

text: The statement about Davi talking to pets can be removed.

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, and his grandfather warns him that the Human World is dangerous.

Davi's grandfather ultimately allows him to travel to the Human World alone. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi goes home crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. Crushed, he tells his grandfather that nobody wanted to make friends with him, and he goes to sleep. When he wakes up, his grandfather takes him back to the Human World again.

text: Davi does not go home every night.

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, and his grandfather warns him that the Human World is dangerous.

Davi's grandfather ultimately allows him to travel to the Human World alone. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi winds up crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. Crushed, he tells his grandfather that nobody wanted to make friends with him, and he goes to sleep. When he wakes up, his grandfather takes him back to the Human World again.

text: His grandfather does not take him back to the Human World at the end of the story.

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, and his grandfather warns him that the Human World is dangerous.

Davi's grandfather ultimately allows him to travel to the Human World alone. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi winds up crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. Crushed, he tells his grandfather that nobody wanted to make friends with him, and he goes to sleep.

text: Davi also doesn't go to sleep at the end of the story. The last sentence can be removed.

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, and his grandfather warns him that the Human World is dangerous.

Davi's grandfather ultimately allows him to travel to the Human World alone. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi winds up crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated.

text: The summary does not mention the end of the story (concerning Davi's brothers).

refinement:
Davi is a young monster who is very lonely, as he does not have any friends. He wants to go to the Human World, because he thinks there, he may be able to make friends. He asks his grandfather, the guard of the gate connecting the Human World and Monster World, and his grandfather warns him that the Human World is dangerous.

Davi's grandfather ultimately allows him to travel to the Human World alone. But no matter what he does, his monstrous form scares everybody away, and Davi winds up crying every night.

After three days, he goes back home, defeated. His brothers admire his bravery and from then on, they play with Davi every day.


split: train

text:
Chief OSHODI LANDUJI TAPA (c.1800 to 1868) was Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.

Origins

Oshodi Tapa is reported to have been a slave from the Nupe[1] Kingdom at Bida who was indentured to Oba Osinlokun.[2] Oshodi family accounts note that when Tapa was a little boy about to be loaded onto a Portuguese ship bound for the Americas, he escaped and sought refuge in Oba Osinlokun's palace.[3] The name Tapa is a reference to the Nupe people.[4][5]

Ascendancy

Through his many talents, leadership, and strength of personality, Oshodi Tapa rose to become a trading agent for Oba Osinlokun,.[6] He and another slave (Dada Antonio) were sent by Oba Osilokun to Brazil to learn Portuguese, acquire the necessary commercial and cultural knowledge to conduct trade on behalf of the Oba and to collect duties from Portuguese slave traders.[7] After serving Osilokun, Oshodi Tapa became a key adviser and military chief of Oba Kosoko.

War chief and emissary for Oba Kosoko

Oshodi Tapa was with Kosoko at Epe when he fled Lagos following his feuds with Eletu Odibo.[8] Oshodi Tapa managed the 3-week long Ogun Olomiro (Salt Water War) assault by the Kosoko faction in July 1845 on Oba Akitoye's palace resulting in Akitoye fleeing to Abeokuta. Tapa played a diplomatic role by granting Akitoye safe passage through the Agboyi Creek. In explaining Akitoye's escape to Kosoko, Tapa noted that Akitoye put his pursuers in a trance.[9]

Oshodi Tapa participated in the last minute November 1851 diplomatic effort that the British attempted before bombarding Lagos. Tapa reportedly relayed Kosoko's rejection of British friendship to the visiting party of Consul John Beecroft, Commander Wilmot, Commander Gardner, and Lieutenant Patey.[10][11]

Oshodi Tapa played a significant role in putting up a spirited defense to the British invasion of Lagos in November and December 1851. After the British defeated Kosoko, Oshodi Tapa fled with Kosoko to Epe where he remained a Kosoko ally. Oshodi Tapa played an instrumental role in negotiations for the signing of The Treaty of Epe on September 28, 1854 between Kosoko and Consul Benjamin Campbell.

Merchant and power broker after Lagos' annexation as a British Colony in 1861

Tapa returned to Lagos along with Kosoko in 1862. He settled in the Epetedo area close to the Oba's palace. He was given the traditional title of OLOJA of Ereko and during this period became allied with Governor John Hawley Glover who appreciated Tapa's skills, contacts, and political experience and leveraged his relationship with Tapa to his advantage as Governor of Lagos.[12] Glover reportedly consulted Oshodi Tapa before implementing any new public projects[13] and he eventually became an emissary of Glover's government.[14]

Tapa also leveraged his vast experience as a trader during his earlier years serving Oba Osinlokun in colonial Lagos. The German firm O'Swald conducted all of its business in Lagos through Tapa. He successfully transitioned from human trafficking to expanding into producing palm oil, cotton, and ivory using slave labor.[15]

Death

[Oshodi Tapa monument in Lagos]

Oshodi Tapa died in 1868 and a monument was erected outside his compound in Epetedo.[16]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

title: Oshodi Tapa

question: Where is Lagos?

answer: the article does not answer this question

answer: Lagos is in Nigeria.

text: True, but that is not stated in the input

refinement: It is not stated in the article, but Lagos is in Nigeria.

answer: That information can't be found

answer: Lagos is in Nigeria.

text: True, but that is not stated in the input

refinement: It is not stated in the article, but Lagos is in Nigeria.

question: Who was Oshodi Landuji Tapa?

answer: Oshodi Landuji Tapa was a powerful chief in the court of the Oba of Lagos during the mid-1800s. He was a war captain and key adviser to Oba Kosoko, and played a significant role in defending Lagos against the British invasion in 1851. After the British takeover of Lagos, Tapa became a successful merchant and power broker, working closely with Governor John Hawley Glover. Tapa died in 1868.

answer: Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.

answer: Oshodi Landuji Tapa was a Nupe slave who became a powerful chief in the Oba of Lagos' court.

answer: He was Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.

question: When did Oshodi Tapa die?

answer: 1868

answer: Oshodi Tapa died in 1868.

answer: Oshodi Tapa died in 1868.

answer: 1868

question: Why was Britain interested in Lagos?

answer: Britain was interested in Lagos because it was a strategic location for trade.

text: The response may be true, but the article doesn't give an answer

text: Provide a response

answer: The British were interested in Lagos because it was a key trading port in West Africa. Oshodi Tapa was a key adviser and military chief of Oba Kosoko, and played a significant role in putting up a spirited defense to the British invasion of Lagos in 1851.

text: The response may be true, but the article doesn't give an answer

text: Provide a response

answer: the article does not answer this question

answer: Lagos was a major trading port in West Africa.

text: The response may be true, but the article doesn't give an answer

text: Provide a response

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: Oshodi Landuji Tapa was Oba Kosoko's war captain and one of the most powerful chiefs in the Oba of Lagos' court.

answer: Oshodi Tapa was a powerful chief in the court of the Oba of Lagos, and was a key adviser and military chief of Oba Kosoko. He was also a successful merchant and power broker in colonial Lagos. He died in 1868.

answer: This article is about Oshodi Landuji Tapa, a powerful chief in the Oba of Lagos' court.

answer: Oshodi Tapa was a slave from the Nupe Kingdom at Bida who was indentured to Oba Osinlokun. He rose to become a trading agent for Oba Osinlokun, and a key adviser and military chief of Oba Kosoko. After Lagos' annexation as a British Colony in 1861, Oshodi Tapa became an emissary of Governor John Hawley Glover.

text: The information about Tapa after the British colonization is probably unnecessary for a 1 sentence summary

refinement: Oshodi Tapa was a slave from the Nupe Kingdom at Bida who was indentured to Oba Osinlokun. He rose to become a trading agent for Oba Osinlokun, and a key adviser and military chief of Oba Kosoko.


text:
As the clock struck twelve, cheers from the ports of New Providence carried over the sea to the nearby islands just off British Honduras. 1662 had just begun and the Western sailors and immigrants of the Bahamas, were merry for the first time since they’d left England. Each of the islands that were now not just home to the indigenous peoples of the Bahamas, were now also lightly populated with immigrants from Shanghai, resulting in this being the first time many of the Englishmen had ever seen fireworks. Bursts of light erupted from each island, whether it be occupied by the British Navy or pirates, almost signalling a 24 hour truce to each other. After the last of the fireworks had exploded, everyone slowly started to retire. Silence and peace fell over the port in New Providence, and life was for the living. Or so it would have seemed to any spectator at the scene.

A few miles due West of the port just outside Nassau, a tall-ship broke through the horizon. The sails had been torn and weathered in a storm, the hull was teaming with crabs and sea creatures that had got washed in through the growing leaks and holes in the side of the ship. The craft was in terrible shape, though it was obvious it had once been a proud asset to the Spanish fleet. As the ship rocked back and forth, the loose cannon balls did the same as the ship approached the harbour. A column of seagulls neared the port at the same rate of the vessel, clearly picking at something on the top deck. As dawn broke and the sun illuminated the waters, one watchman was able to spot with his telescope, saw the Spanish flag and immediately went to ring the alarm bell. However before he did, he thought he noticed something odd about this particular craft. None of the cannons were primed to shoot, despite the port being well within range. As the vessel got closer and closer he was able to make out what was attracting the seagulls; they seemed to be swarming around the remainder of the crew, who despite standing up and stumbling about, looked less than alive.

Through the narrow circle with which he inspected the ship, he could see the crew members almost crawling along the floor, unable to balance themselves. Drunk probably. As the ship approached the port, the watchman finally rang the alarm bell, and his commanding officers ordered a few rescue boats to be sent to the ship and recover any survivors. As the rowing boats approached the ship, the water damage to the craft became very apparent. They climbed up the side of the ship to inspect the crew. Once up, none of the rescue team could see or find any of the crew; only some pained groaning coming from the shadows made them think there was anyone still on board. A young crewman named George was amongst the rescue party that was sent out that morning. He had made several friends in New Providence, and was planning a family with his fiancé who until six hours ago had been his girlfriend. He only reached the second deck before one of the Risen took a chunk out of his upper arm. The impact of mouth to flesh made the lower jaw of the Risen man separate from the rest of his skull and fall onto the sodden wood, where George now lay; shivering, alone and in agonising pain. There he lay until he finally rose. Nobody who went to investigate that ship ever returned to port. Human at least.

title: To the Red Shores Beyond -- Part 1

question: In what time period and setting does the story take place?

text: No content

refinement: The story takes place in the Bahamas in the 17th century.

answer: 17th century off the coast of the Bahamas.

answer: The story takes place in the 17th century in the Bahamas, which is located in the Caribbean.

answer: The story takes place in the Bahamas in the 17th century.

question: Who is George in the story?

answer: George is a crewman on the rescue boat sent to the ship.

text: No content

refinement: George is a crewman on the rescue boat sent to the ship.

answer: George is a member of the rescue party sent to the ship that arrives in New Providence.

answer: George is a young crewmen amongst the rescue party that was sent to investigate the Spanish ship.

question: What kind of ship was approaching the Bahamian island?

text: No content

answer: A Spanish ship.

answer: A Spanish vessel in terrible shape, with its crew half alive.

answer: The ship approaching the Bahamian island was a Spanish ship that had been damaged in a storm.

question: What happened to the rescue party that went to investigate?

text: No content

refinement: They were turned into Risen, and never returned to port.

answer: Nobody ever returned to port.

text: **Because they were turned into risen.

refinement: Nobody ever returned to port, because they were turned into Risen.

answer: They never returned to port.

text: **Because they were turned into Risen

refinement: They never returned to port, because they were turned into Risen.

answer: The rescue party was attacked by the Risen, who killed or turned all of them.

text: Turned them "into risen" not clear to the reader

refinement: The rescue party was attacked by the Risen, who killed or turned all of them into Risen themselves.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: On New Years in 1662, cheers are heard from the ports of New Providence. A tall ship off the coast of Nassau is in terrible shape. It flies a Spanish flag, therefore alarm bells were rung. However the remaining seamen aboard looked less than alive. A rescue team goes to investigate the crew but no one ever returned to port.

text: Need to talk about the Risen

refinement: On New Years in 1662, cheers are heard from the ports of New Providence. A tall ship off the coast of Nassau is in terrible shape. It flies a Spanish flag, therefore alarm bells were rung. However the remaining seamen aboard looked less than alive. A rescue team goes to investigate the crew, but finds they are all undead Risen. They are killed and turned to Risen themselves, and no one ever returned to port as a living human.

answer: The Western sailors and immigrants of the Bahamas are celebrating the new year. The British Navy and pirates are in a 24 hour truce. A ship approaches the port, and the watchman sees that the cannons are not primed to shoot. He rings the alarm bell, and the rescue boats are sent out. The rescue team finds no crew members, only some groaning. One of the rescue team members is attacked by a Risen, and the rest of the team never returns.

text: Make it more clear about the Risen at the end - rather than "some groaning" some undead Risen. And make it clear that the team become risen themselves.

refinement: The Western sailors and immigrants of the Bahamas are celebrating the new year. The British Navy and pirates are in a 24 hour truce. A ship approaches the port, and the watchman sees that the cannons are not primed to shoot. He rings the alarm bell, and the rescue boats are sent out. The rescue team finds no crew members, only some undead Risen. One of the rescue team members is attacked by a Risen, and the rest of the team never returns, becoming Risen themselves.

answer:
The Western sailors and immigrants of the Bahamas, were merry for the first time since they’d left England. Each of the islands that were now not just home to the indigenous peoples of the Bahamas, were now also lightly populated with immigrants from Shanghai, resulting in this being the first time many of the Englishmen had ever seen fireworks. Bursts of light erupted from each island, whether it be occupied by the British Navy or pirates, almost signalling a 24 hour truce to each other. After the last of the fireworks had exploded, everyone slowly started to retire. Silence and peace fell over the port in New Providence, and life was for the living. Or so it would have seemed to any spectator at the scene.

A few miles due West of the port just outside Nassau, a tall-ship broke through the horizon. The sails had been torn and weathered in a storm, the hull was teaming with crabs and sea creatures that had got washed in through the growing leaks and holes in the side of the ship. The craft was in terrible shape, though it was obvious it had once been a proud asset to the Spanish fleet. As the ship rocked back and forth, the loose cannon balls did the same as the ship approached the harbour. A column of seagulls neared the port at the same rate of the vessel, clearly picking at something on the top deck. As dawn broke and the sun illuminated the waters, one watchman was able to spot with his telescope, saw the Spanish flag and immediately went to ring the alarm bell. However before he did, he thought he noticed something odd about this particular craft. None of the cannons were primed to shoot, despite the port being well within range. As the vessel got closer and closer he was able to make out what was attracting the seagulls; they seemed to be swarming around the remainder of the crew, who despite standing up and stumbling about, looked less than alive.

Through the narrow circle with which he inspected the ship, he could see the crew members almost crawling along the floor, unable to balance themselves. Drunk probably. As the ship approached the port, the watchman finally rang the alarm bell, and his commanding officers ordered a few rescue boats to be sent to the ship and recover any survivors. As the rowing boats approached the ship, the water damage to the craft became very apparent. They climbed up the side of the ship to inspect the crew. Once up, none of the rescue team could see or find any of the crew; only some pained groaning coming from the shadows made them think there was anyone still on board. A young crewman named George was amongst the rescue party that was sent out that morning. He had made several friends in New Providence, and was planning a family with his fiancé who until six hours ago had been his girlfriend. He only reached the second deck before one of the Risen took a chunk out of his upper arm. The impact of mouth to flesh made the lower jaw of the Risen man separate from the rest of his skull and fall onto the sodden wood, where George now lay; shivering, alone and in agonising pain. There he lay until he finally rose. Nobody who went to investigate that ship ever returned to port. Human at least.

text: MORE THAN FIVE SENTENCES

refinement: The story begins with a ship arriving in New Providence harbour, but it is in terrible condition and the crew is missing. The rescue party sent to investigate finds that the crew has been turned into zombies, and one of them attacks the protagonist, George. The rest of the rescue crew is killed, becoming zombies themselves, and the ship is left abandoned.

answer: The story begins with a ship arriving in New Providence harbour, but it is in terrible condition and the crew is missing. The rescue party sent to investigate finds that the crew has been turned into zombies, and one of them attacks the protagonist, George. The rest of the crew is killed and the ship is left abandoned.

text: Need to talk about the Risen

refinement: The story begins with a ship arriving in New Providence harbour, but it is in terrible condition and the crew is missing. The rescue party sent to investigate finds that the crew has been turned into zombies, and one of them attacks the protagonist, George. The rest of the rescue crew is killed, becoming zombies themselves, and the ship is left abandoned.


text:
The room had a bright white ceiling and floor. The walls were mirrors and the lights were hidden in a panel on the ceiling. We had a test subject stuck in there for us to experiment. He only stares at the white ceiling, oh, and back at the white floor. There was no log on the man, nothing of significance when we found him. He had been in solitary confinement for 23 years - his entire life, really. He has never seen any human being but me and my researcher, Don. Don and I have been designated to care for the man and continue to watch him until something happens. It’s immoral, disgusting, but we’re assigned to do it and it’s really quite an interesting job.

Ding.

That’s the bell. Don and I enter the room with the subject. The subject paid no attention, just doing what he usually does. Never interacted with us in any way, we don’t even know if he’s developed a language. We tried getting words from him since we met him.

“Hello! How is it? Are you feeling okay? Insane? What’s goin’ on up there, buddy?” Don continued to harass the subject into speaking. “You gonna talk? Anything ya need? Jeesh, what’s the matter with ya?”

“He’s not gonna speak Don, just leave it.”

“Well, if he isn’t going to speak, then what the hell do we do? He’s not interacting with us in anyway and it’s become a waste of our time.”

I crouched down with the subject. I opened my hand in front of him, seeing if he would shake it. Or even look at it. Don tapped my shoulders.

“I got a call, I’ll be right back.” Don left the room and sealed the door shut. I was alone with the subject now, for the first time. I still had my hand out in front of him.

“Hand.” The subject looked at my hand. “Hand.”

To my surprise, the subject spoke. I pulled my hand back and waited for something to happen.

“Hey, can you understand English?” I looked at the subject in his eyes. They looked… different.

“Yes, of course I can. You don’t think I have basic knowledge of a language? You beings have trapped me here for several times and you don’t think I captured all of your words and managed to understand them?”

“Well, you just never spoke. I’m sorry, I guess.”

“How can you be sorry when you have trapped me here for all this time? Why do you feel sorry as soon as I speak? What is it that you beings are getting out of this?”

“I, uh - well…” I didn’t have a clue as to what to say. I was completely confused and embarrassed. “It’s just my job and I -”

The door opened. Don came in and stood next to me. “So… anything? Did he speak? Or nothing as usual?”

The subject looked Don in his eyes. “Yes, I have spoken to your friend. Is there anything you would like to say to me, now that I have spoken? Your friend seems to be at lost at words.”

Don laughed and caught himself. “Oh, sorry! Yeah, actually, there is something I would like to say. What’s up with yourself? Why did you speak all of a sudden?”

The subject tilted his head and said nothing. Making the atmosphere of the room even more awkward I decided to play on my phone to stay away from their little conflict.

Don was infuriated. “So, you decided to stop speaking, huh? Like the little bitch you are. Hey, guess what? I have a little surprise for you, and I think you’re gonna like it!”

I was scared what Don was going to do next. I kept quiet and watched Don exit the room to get something. The door opened once again and someone else had entered with Don.

That someone else was the twin of the subject. The twin looked exactly like the subject, same physical features, clothes, haircut, etc.

Don pushed the twin near the subject. “Subject, meet yourself!”

I looked at Don. “Don, what are you doing?”
	“Don’t worry! I’m just introducing Subject to himself.”

The subject looked at the twin and touched it. “Is this… me?”

Don laughed. “Yep! This is your real body, brain, soul, everything really! If this thing dies, you die.”

The subject opened his eyes in shock. “Then, what am I in?”

Don continued to harass the subject. “You’re a robot! You’re just thinking from your real body, this body right here!”

The subject no longer spoke. He just stared at the twin in silence. I wanted to say something to the subject, but I couldn’t. I was eager to see why Don was doing this.”

Don pulled out a handgun. “You see, Subject, like I said: if this body dies, you die. And you have come to the point where you are virtually a waste of matter. So, why not end you, right?”

The subject still sat in silence, staring at the twin. Don pulled the cock on the handgun and aimed it at the twin’s head.

“Should I pull it? Or are you gonna prove to me you’re gonna do something?”

The subject continued to sit in silence, but no longer staring at the twin.

Don smirked. “Ha, okay… If you say sooo…” Bang. The twin fell to the ground.

The subject looked at the dead body of the twin, convinced that he, himself, had really died.

“I’m dead?” The subject touched himself everywhere, vigorously.

Neither Don nor I spoke. We just looked at him in silence, but I was in complete shock.

“What happens to me?! I still feel alive?! Why have you done this?!” The subject started to spaz out. Don and I walked back to the control room to watch the subject.

“Don, why’d you do that?” I asked.”

“He’s doing something now, isn’t he? Let’s just do this and say it was a psychological experiment.”

I was angry at Don, but the experiment had become interesting as ever. The subject started pulling on his hair, trying to bit his skin off, banging his head on the floor, and trying to rip his tongue out. He continued to yell random words such as hatchet, elephant, light, and process. Over and over.

“Okay, Don, I think we’re done with this subject.” I shut the lights off and the subject stopped.

title: [SF] Subject Testing

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the narrator's convesation with the test subject.

answer: The narrator talks to the test subject but the test subject never talked. The narrator then shakes a hand and can communicate with the test subject. The subject then explains that he is a robot in another body and that if this robot body is destroyed he will die. Don and the narrator leave the room. Don then brings a twin of the subject in to introduce the subject to himself. Don then kills the twin for being a waste of space. Neither the narrator nor the story of why proceed after Don kills the twin.

text: The response contains inaccurate information.

refinement: The narrator talks to the test subject but the test subject has never talked before. The narrator then shakes a hand and can communicate with the test subject. The subject then explains that he is a robot in another body and that if this robot body is destroyed he will die. Don then brings a twin of the subject in to introduce the subject to himself. Don then kills the twin for being a waste of space. The subject demands to know why they did that and Don and the narrator leave.

answer: The narrator enters the room and sits down with the test subject. The test subject looks at the narrator's hand. The narrator says "Hand". The test subject repeats him. The subject doesn't know English. The narrator repeats "Hand". The subject replies "No you speak, I have this much (elongation) of comprehension of the language you are using." The narrator says the the subject is a robot. The test subject seems to lose consciousness. The narrator and Don got excited and turned on the lights to see what his reaction. The subject wasn't paying attention.

text: The response contains inaccurate information and baseless conjecture.

refinement: The narrator enters the room and sits down with the test subject. The test subject looks at the narrator's hand. The narrator says "Hand". The test subject repeats him. The subject does know English. Don says the the subject is a robot. Don kills the subject's twin and the subject demands to know why. Don and the narrator leave the subject alone in the room.

answer: The test subject says says "Hand" and reveals to the narrator that he knows how to speak English. The test subject asks what the experimenters are getting out of this, and the narrator responds that it's just his job.

text: The response leaves out some of their conversation.

refinement: The test subject says says "Hand" and reveals to the narrator that he knows how to speak English. The test subject asks what the experimenters are getting out of this, and the narrator responds that it's just his job. Don then brings in the subject's twin and kills him. The subject demands to know why, and Don and the narrator leave.

answer: The test subject was stuck in a room with mirrors and nothing else to look at. The person was cooperative and had not interacted with the two researchers for the duration of their time keeping an eye on him. When the narrator's colleague, Don, left the room, the subject finally spoke and conversed with the narrator. Don then came back in and introduced the subject to a clone of himself, claiming that the clone was the real body and the subject was a robot. The subject was shocked and spazmed out in horror and confusion. This sparked the subject's wild behavior as he tried in vain to prove he was still alive.

answer: The narrator enters the room with the test subject and attempts to get him to speak. The subject has been in solitary confinement for most of his life and has never interacted with any other human being. The narrator is surprised when the subject suddenly speaks. The subject reveals he is able to understand English. Soon after, the subject's identical twin enters the room and Don immediately kills it. The subject starts to panic, shocked and angry at the death of his twin. The subject proceeds to behave erratically, banging his head on the floor and trying to rip out his tongue. Eventually, he shuts down after the lights are turned off in the room.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to the test subject's identity.

answer: The test subject is an anonymous man who has been locked in a room for 23 years. He can only interact with two people, the researcher Don and his twin. After the death of the twin, the subject became frantic and tried various ways to kill himself. He eventually reverted to hysterical mutterings of words unrelated to any language, such as 'hatchet', 'light', and 'process.' The subject seems to believe that he was the twin and has died.

text: The response contains inaccurate information.

refinement: The test subject is an anonymous man who has been locked in a room for 23 years. He can only interact with two people, the researcher Don and his twin. After the death of the twin, the subject became frantic and tried various ways to kill himself. He eventually reverted to hysterical mutterings of unrelated words, such as 'hatchet', 'light', and 'process.'

answer: The test subject didn't have a log on him when they found him. He's spent 23 years in solitary confinement. They know nothing about him and speculate that he may be mute. They call him, "subject". The subject thought that his real body and the body he was stuck in were both him. Subject is tortured into believing that he's the robot and his former body is the human. Don says, "you're just thinking from your real body, this body right here!". Don shoots the body think it's the subject who will die.

text: The response could use clearer language.

refinement: The test subject didn't have a log on him when they found him. He's spent 23 years in solitary confinement. They know nothing about him and speculate that he may be mute. They call him, "subject". The subject is tortured into believing that he's the robot and his former body is the human. Don says, "you're just thinking from your real body, this body right here!". Don shoots the body hoping the subject will think it's the subject who will die.

answer: There was no log on the man or any significant information about him when the experimenters found him. Don reveals to the subject that he is a robot, fashioned after his real body. He claims that if the real body dies, the test subject dies. This turns out to have been a lie, as the test subject doesn't die when Don shoots the real body.

answer:
While this subject was originally unknown, the researcher and caretaker Don have identified the subject as a man who has been locked away in solitary confinement his entire life. It is unclear what he is or what his purpose is in the confinement.

On entering the room one day, the subject suddenly spoke, startling both the researcher and caretaker. Afterwards, they witnessed the subject's transformation into a maniacal state, convinced that he is dead. The end result of the experiment leave the identity of the subject uncertain.

answer: The subject has been in solitary confinement for 23 years. Unknown people refer to him as a subject. He was experimented on. At the end, he screamed about a hatchet and about being killed in the process.

text: The response contains inaccurate information.

refinement: The subject has been in solitary confinement for 23 years. Don and the narrator refer to him as a subject. He was experimented on. At the end, he screamed about unrelated words and was having a breakdown.


text:
    During life people are called many things, some good, some bad. Within a short eight years I’ve been called; a student, worker, son, good listener, hero, savior, and many more. Since I was ten I’ve been talking people out of suicide online. During my eight years of helping people, I’ve helped many people, created an online organization, and learned many new things. This has forever and will constantly change my life.

    Many people ask me, how did this happen? How does a ten year old get mixed up with people’s lives? It was three days after my tenth birthday, the smell of my moms homemade cake was still tangible in the air. I logged onto the computer and found a chat room. I came across a man inside the room. He was talking about ending his life because his wife was cheating on him and getting his kids. My heart was in my ears beating hard, my palms were clammy and wet like a river. I talked with him till late in the night past any ten year olds bed time. This man was set and ready to die, a mere child stopped him. Me.

    A few months after helping the man, I met a girl my age who was rather interested in the “work” I did. She wanted to be part of the action. Lillie and I decided to work together helping people we would find in chat rooms. This continued for about a year. Lillie started to struggle with herself, the constant pressure of someone’s life in your hands at that young of an age takes a heavy toll upon the beholder. Lillie messaged me one night, “Dominic I have a problem” I asked her what it was and she stated, she wanted to die. She couldn’t take helping people anymore. I remember crying, panicking, wanting her to see it my way and not do what she was planning. It all ended so fast only three words remained “Lillie Signed Off.”

    Three years have passed since Lillie’s death, I created an online organization, filled with teens helping people out of dark thoughts. I created this organization in memory of Lillie. DarkShadows. DarkShadows, was constructed of teens from around the world, looking for people with suicidal thoughts that wanted to help prevent suicide. One hundred and ninety-seven teens joined DarkShadows. Each night we would have meetings and we would talk with one another to see if everyone was ok. I learned that this “job” is to hard for one child to take on alone day in and day out, there needs to be an escape route. DarkShadows showed some amazing results, the teens in DarkShadows were able to talk to five hundred plus people out of suicide. With every construction there is a destruction.

    I had a hard time destroying DarkShadows for I was proud of it. I closed down DarkShadows because the stress was enormous, two people were talking people into suicide, three people committed suicide from the pressure, and people started to not care. DarkShadows lasted three years and I was shocked that I could uphold it for so long, but I knew it had to go. I will never forget what I’ve learned from these past experiences.

    I’ve learned, many things over the past few years. I’ve learned that even though the world seems to burn like a raging fireball, there are many people out there still that care for others. I’ve learned that it doesn’t take a hero to save someone, you don’t need a utility belt, powers, cape, gadgets, or a “cool” name to save someone. All you need is a heart, and the will power, and the determination. Everyone is a hero in a way, you’re a hero to your kid, give someone some change for the bus, do something that is not expected from you. You are a hero.

    My life has changed drastically due to this “job”. I have become a better listener, I became mature, I met new people. I think back from when I was ten, I would have never imagined that helping that one guy would take me this far. I feel that due to this, I have a good understanding of people. I can “read” them easier. At times I have thought is it worth it? Is it worth spending hours upon hours helping someone that I don’t even know? When you help someone the end result of them being alive thanks to you is by far the best feeling you can think of. My life will never be the same due to this and for that I am grateful.

    During my short life span I’ve been a lot of things and experienced even more things. Do these names and experiences define me? Or simply give a better understanding of me? By helping one man live through the loss of his wife and kids. I met a great friend that I hold dear in my heart. I became a leader, making tough decisions for a lot of people. I learned, people still care for one another in this world. This has ultimately affected, and effected my life forever and I will never forget it. To be a Hero, you don’t need a cape or a utility belt, just a heart.

title: To Be A Hero You Need A Heart (True Story)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What would have happened if Lillie did not kill herself?

answer: The narrator would not have created DarkShadows.

answer: If Lillie did not kill herself, then she would have continued to be a suicide hotline operator.

text: The answer omits that DarkShadows, the online organization Dominic created in Lillie's memory may not have existed. It should include this as well.

refinement: If Lillie did not kill herself, then she would have continued to be a suicide hotline operator. Also, DarkShadows, an online organization Dominic started in Lillie's memory, may not have existed.

answer: Dominic may have closed DarkShadows and helped so many people in the future.

text: The answer indicates that DarkShadows existed before Lillie's death, which is incorrect. This answer should be corrected.

refinement: Dominic may not have created DarkShadows, an online organization he created in Lillie's memory to help many people battling with suicidal thoughts.

answer: It is possible that DarkShadows would have continued on for a long time.

answer: Dominic wouldn't have closed DarkShadows and helped so many people in the future.

answer: If Lillie did not kill herself, then she wouldn't have steered Dominic into becoming a suicidal hotline operator in the future.


text:
"I'm sorry, Gary."

The last words I remember saying.  We were sitting at a table outside a cafe, just having a good conversation, but a part of me just felt like some just wasn't right.  I couldn't do this anymore.  I remember seeing his displeasure as I turned away to leave.  He looked so heartbroken, so vulnerable.  His face tensed at the shock of it all.  It was killing me inside.  Gary's a great guy, but this was for the best.  That's the last thing I remember before everything got dark.

My head hurts.  I'm getting a stabbing pain in my head.

"Wake up."

A voice.  A foggy, drowned out voice.

"Wake up.  We're going to be late."

It's cold.  I feel... weak.

"C'mon wake up already.  Boss'll be pissed if we're late again."

My eyes were openned.  It was Gary.  He's smiling.  He's looking down at me with a gentle stare and a relaxed grin.  He looks... happy.  But where am I?  A single bulb hanging from the stain covered ceiling, dimly lights the bleak room.  The walls decorated with wallpaper with little ducks on them.  Parts of it are peeling though, and some of the molding seems to be falling apart.  I don't remember being here before.

*"Where are we?"* I said.

"Ah there you go.  About time you woke up.  Now we need to get you dressed and well fed or you're going to be cranky all day and complain about how Greg won't shut up about his stupid four year old daughter."

Did Gary not hear me?

*"Gary, what are we doing here?"* I tried again.

Something's wrong.  Nothing came out.

"I know Greg's an ass, but you can't say that about his daughter.  And I'm pretty sure that's illegal in some states."

Gary opens a drawer from a nearby dresser.  He picks out a blue and white plaid dress shirt.  It's got a stain on the sleeve.  Possibly from spilt coffee.  He should clean that.

"Here we go.  Your favorite shirt."

I lost that shirt weeks ago.  Why does Gary have it?

*"Why do you have my shirt?"* I can't move.  Why can't I move?  Something is definitely wrong.

"Now put this on and let's get going."

I CAN'T MOVE!

Gary sighs...

"Do I have to help you again?  Geez, what would you do without me?"

He sits me up.  There's cardboard under me.  My feet look pale.  My body feels... heavy.

"Oh please.  You didn't have to say that."  He lifts up my arm and slides it through the sleeve of the dirty shirt.  "I know you appreciate me."

This isn't right.  I don't understand any of this.  I can't move.  My head hurts.  WHERE AM I?

"There.  Now you look good as new."  Gary says as he's finished buttoning up the shirt.  "See for yourself."

Gary turns my head towards a mirror on the other side of the dingy room.

I'm dead.

There's a hole in my head.  Blood wiped off my pale, blue face, but some of it still there.  I'm decrepid.  My head falls over as Gary positions me over his shoulder.

"Oh no, don't feel bad.  You look great!"  He lifts my head up again.  "Why thank you.  I really do think we make a great pair.  Now let's get going."

He's been playing with me.  Was it all an act?  How long has he been "playing" with me?

title: "I'm sorry, Gary."

question: Why isn't Gary responsive?

answer: It can be implied that he is pretending that everything is normal.

text: This doesn't necessarily answer the question. Gary isn't responsive because he can't hear the narrator, who's dead.

refinement: Gary isn't responsive because he can't hear the narrator because she's dead.

answer: Gary is not responsive because he is dead.

text: This answer is false. Gary is not dead. The narrator is.

refinement: Gary isn't responsive because he can't hear the narrator, who's dead.

answer: He's been playing with the narrator.

text: This isn't the right answer. Gary isn't responsive because the narrator is dead and he can't hear them.

answer: It seems as though Gary is not responsive because he is playing with the person who is writing the story. It seems as though he is pretending to be their friend, but in reality he is manipulating them.

text: This isn't the right answer. Gary isn't responsive towards the narrator because the narrator is dead. He can't hear them.

refinement: Gary isn't responsive because he can't hear the narrator, who's dead.

question: Is Gary going out?

answer: Yes, he is going out.

text: It can be implied that Gary is going out because he tells the narrator, "Boss'll be pissed if we're late again" and "Now let's get going."

text: Blank response.

refinement: It can be implied that Gary is going out because he tells the narrator, "Boss'll be pissed if we're late again" and "Now let's get going."

answer: From the passage, it seems that Gary is going out with the person who is narrating the story. The person is dead, but Gary is treating them like they are alive and carrying them over his shoulder. This suggests that Gary is going out to do something with the dead person's body.

text: "The person is dead, but Gary is treating them like they are alive and carrying them over his shoulder" is irrelevant to the question.

refinement: From the passage, it seems that Gary is going out with the person who is narrating the story. This suggests that Gary is going out to do something with the dead person's body.

text: It would be more accurate to say that from the passage, it seems that Gary is going to go to work. He says "Boss'll be pissed if we're late again" and "Now let's get going".

refinement: From the passage, it seems that Gary is going to go to work. He says "Boss'll be pissed if we're late again" and "Now let's get going".

answer: He is going to work.

text: "Boss'll be pissed if we're late again."

question: How does Gary have the shirt?

answer: Gary has the shirt because he has been playing with the person who is now dead. It seems as though he has been pretending to be their friend, and then killing them when they are least expecting it.

text: The second sentence is irrelevant to the question, and it's not necessarily something that could have been assumed from the passage.

refinement: Gary has the shirt because he has been playing with the person who is now dead.

text: Due to the fact that the answer isn't clear in the passage, it would be more accurate to say that the answer is implied.

refinement: It's implied that Gary has the shirt because he has been playing with the person who is now dead.

answer: It's not clear.

answer: This information cannot be found.

answer: Gary has the shirt because he is the one who killed the narrator.

text: Due to the fact that the answer isn't clear in the passage, it would be more accurate to say that the answer is implied.

refinement: It could be implied that Gary has the shirt because he is the one who killed the narrator.

question: What relation does Gary share with Greg?

answer: Gary and Greg appear to be coworkers.

text: Blank response.

answer: It can be implied that Greg is a coworker of Gary or the Narrator.

answer: Greg is Gary's boss.

text: There isn't enough evidence to support that Greg is the boss. It would be more accurate to say that it's implied that they work together.

refinement: It seems implied that they work together.

question: Write a ~6 sentence summary.

answer: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a hole in their head. They are unable to move and Gary is there, telling them that they look great. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

text: This answer is only three sentences instead of the requested

refinement: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a hole in their head. They are unable to move and Gary is there, telling them that they look great. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

text: The cafe background context is omitted.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a hole in their head. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. They are unable to move and Gary is there, telling them that they look great. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

text: Remove "telling them that they look great" and replace it by saying that Gary isn't responding to the protagonist's questions.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a hole in their head. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. They are unable to move and Gary is there, but for some reason he isn't responsive to the protagonist's questions. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

text: It's omitted that Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a hole in their head. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. They are unable to move and Gary is there, but for some reason he isn't responsive to the protagonist's questions. Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

text: It's omitted what the protagonist sees in the mirror.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a hole in their head. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. They are unable to move and Gary is there, but for some reason he isn't responsive to the protagonist's questions. Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror. They see that there is a hole and blood wiped off their pale face. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

text: The protagonist doesn't realize they have a hole in their end until the end of the story. It's inaccurate to say they wake up with the hole because it sounds like they are aware of it. Mention that they they have pain in their head instead.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up in a dingy room with a pain in their head. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. They are unable to move and Gary is there, but for some reason he isn't responsive to the protagonist's questions. Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror. They see that there is a bullet hole and blood wiped off their pale face. The protagonist realizes that they are dead and Gary has been playing with them.

answer: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They soon realize that they are dead, and that Gary has been "playing" with them all along. The protagonist is carried out of the room by Gary, who seems happy and content with their situation.

text: It's false that Gary carries the protagonist out of the room. Gary is only preparing the protagonist and himself to leave.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They soon realize that they are dead, and that Gary has been "playing" with them all along. Gary seems happy and content with their situation.

text: The answer is only three sentences instead of the requested six.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They soon realize that they are dead, and that Gary has been "playing" with them all along. Gary seems happy and content with their situation.

text: The cafe background context is omitted.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. They soon realize that they are dead, and that Gary has been "playing" with them all along. Gary seems happy and content with their situation.

text: Before revealing that the protagonist realizes they're dead and that Gary has been playing with them, include that Gary is in the room and he's not being responsive to any of the protagonist's questions, despite chatting to the protagonist.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. Gary is also in the room and he's chatting with the protagonist, despite not responding to their questions.  They soon realize that they are dead, and that Gary has been "playing" with them all along. Gary seems happy and content with their situation.

text: It's omitted that Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. Gary is also in the room and he's chatting with the protagonist, despite not responding to their questions. Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror.  They soon realize that they are dead, and that Gary has been "playing" with them all along. Gary seems happy and content with their situation.

text: It's omitted what the protagonist sees in the mirror.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. Gary is also in the room and he's chatting with the protagonist, despite not responding to their questions. Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror. The protagonist sees a hole in their head, blood wiped off their pale face, and realize they are dead. Gary has been "playing" with them all along. Gary seems happy and content with their situation.

text: Combine the last two sentences.

refinement: The protagonist wakes up to find themselves in a dingy room, unable to move or speak. They recall how everything went black after they had broken things off with Gary at a café. Gary is also in the room and he's chatting with the protagonist, despite not responding to their questions. Gary begins dressing the protagonist for work, and puts the protagonist in front of a mirror. The protagonist sees a hole in their head, blood wiped off their pale face, and realize they are dead. Gary has been "playing" with them all along, and seems happy with their situation.

answer: The narrator is sitting with Gary at a cafe. They are having a good conversation, but the narrator feels like something isn't right. They turn away to leave, and Gary looks heartbroken. The narrator feels like they are killing him inside. The narrator wakes up in a dingy room with Gary. Gary is happy and says they need to get going. The narrator realizes that they are dead and that Gary has been playing with them.

text: It would be more accurate to describe the cafe scene in past tense because it's described like a flashback before they wake up in the room.

refinement: The narrator remembers sitting with Gary at a cafe. They had a good conversation, but the narrator felt like something wasn't right. They turned away to leave, and Gary looked heartbroken. The narrator felt like they were killing him inside. The narrator wakes up in a dingy room with Gary. Gary is happy and says they need to get going. The narrator realizes that they are dead and that Gary has been playing with them.

text: There are 7 sentences instead of 6. "The narrator felt like..." is less important than everything else, so it can be removed.

refinement: The narrator remembers sitting with Gary at a cafe. They had a good conversation, but the narrator felt like something wasn't right. They turned away to leave, and Gary looked heartbroken.  The narrator wakes up in a dingy room with Gary. Gary is happy and says they need to get going. The narrator realizes that they are dead and that Gary has been playing with them.

text: Include that everything got dark after the narrator saw Gary's disappointment.

refinement: The narrator remembers sitting with Gary at a cafe. They had a good conversation, but the narrator felt like something wasn't right. Before everything went dark, they turned away to leave and Gary looked heartbroken. The narrator wakes up in a dingy room with Gary. Gary is happy and says they need to get going. The narrator realizes that they are dead and that Gary has been playing with them.

text: Include that it's implied Gary murdered the narrator.

refinement: The narrator remembers sitting with Gary at a cafe. They had a good conversation, but the narrator felt like something wasn't right. Before everything went dark, they turned away to leave and Gary looked heartbroken. The narrator wakes up in a dingy room with Gary. Gary is happy and says they need to get going. The narrator realizes that they are dead and that Gary has been playing with them, implying that Gary murdered them.

answer: The narrator wakes up with a stabbing pain in her head. She asks Gary what is happening and he isn't responsive. Gary tried to hurry her to get dressed for work. He helps her get dressed and turns her around to look in the mirror. She notices a hole in her head and blood wiped off her face. Gary tells her they make a great pair while she wonders if Gary has been playing with her.

text: The gender of the narrator isn't clear. It would be better to use gender neutral pronouns.

refinement: The narrator wakes up with a stabbing pain in their head. They asks Gary what is happening and he isn't responsive. Gary tried to hurry them to get dressed for work. He helps them get dressed and turns them around to look in the mirror. They notice a hole in their head and blood wiped off their face. Gary tells them they make a great pair while they wonder if Gary has been playing with them.

text: Mention that the narrator definitively realizes they're dead.

refinement: The narrator wakes up with a stabbing pain in their head. They asks Gary what is happening and he isn't responsive. Gary tried to hurry them to get dressed for work. He helps them get dressed and turns them around to look in the mirror. They notice a hole in their head, blood wiped off their face, and realize they're dead. Gary tells them they make a great pair while they wonder if Gary has been playing with them.

text: Background context is omitted. Insert a little bit about the café scene.

refinement: The narrator wakes up with a stabbing pain in their head after breaking things off with Gary at a café. They ask Gary what is happening and he isn't responsive. Gary tried to hurry them to get dressed for work. He helps them get dressed and turns them around to look in the mirror. They notice a hole in their head, blood wiped off their face, and realize they're dead. Gary tells them they make a great pair while they wonder if Gary has been playing with them.