text:
Editing for formatting.

People here weren't your typical shopping-mall, suburban mom-type pretenders. Here there was grit. Here there was spit, spilled booze, broken glass, cigar-flavored air. Here there was a bar, in the middle of nowhere; a biker stop, really, ducked off down by the old frontage road past the overpass. No neon signs lit up, no teenagers told their friends this place's name, and those who did talk about it referred to it only as "The Stop."

Jukebox rambled on in the background, all full of vibration. War, Edwin Star. Bartender spat in a cup, scratched the beard of his neck. A fly pestered a drunk at the bar. The bartender reached for his swatter, brought it down like a judge's gavel. Drunk just grunted.

*ABSOLUTELY NOTHING, LISTEN TO ME*

The only door swung open slow, only the night seemed to wait beyond it. Only mosquitoes, the faint but constant sound of frogs and crickets. No one seemed to notice the squeak, save for the bartender. The only door. Dust kicked back and the floor boards rattled some as the knob smacked the wall. This, the drunks did notice. Jukebox still blared, but any murmurs died down. They all stared into the night beyond the door, the one door. They all smoked their tobacco and put down their beers.

Night wore a boot, and stuck it through that one door. Alligator skin, old, worn, dirty, still tough and intact. A heavy frame followed; the night birthed a man. A black poncho hung over his belt-line, to his thighs. His cowboy hat hid his eyes, his beard hid his chin, and his toothpick danced on his lips.

Grit.

The Night hung there a moment, the drunks took him in. A few started to murmur again. The bartender stood still. Another fly buzzed by the same grunting patron, he did nothing. The night was here, and it wore boots.

*Many a young man's dreams*

*Made him disabled, beaten and mean*

*Life is much too short and precious*

The Night's steps were heavy, slow, purposeful. The kind of walk a man has when he means to make a point. The one door hung open behind him, dead on its hinges. He sat down at the bar, head hung low and chewing that toothpick. It had to be gum by then.

*To spend it fighting wars these days*

*War can't give life*

The bartender. "Listen, mister, I don't want any-"

*It can only take it away*

Boom. Splatter. Brains on back of bar, bits of skull on cash register. Frightened patrons. Scramble.

*OOOOH, WAR, HUH*

*WHAT IS GOOD FOR*

A revolver smoked in The Night's gloved hand. Arm outstretched, he was frozen in the madness. They were all dead when he walked in, dead anyway. Six shots were all he had, one was gone. Then two more were gone, lost in the heads of drunks cowering in a corner. His head still hung low, his beard still bobbed as he chewed that toothpick.

A fourth bullet sang through the air, struck a pitcher and went through the wall. The fifth had an up-close-and-personal visit with a biker's back (the hole it left tagged the forehead of the skull printed on his kutte).

Then a silence. Brief, welcomed.

A television above and beyond the bar switched on. The Night looked up with red eyes, his hat falling to the bloodstained floorboards. White noise. Black hair. A mess of it, to his back, all grease and tangles.

*SAY IT AGAIN*

*WAR, WHOAH LORD*

*WHAT IS I-*

Jukebox kicked off. No one left inside, no one to hear it cut off as if the power had been pulled, though it hadn't. No one left to wonder why evil came to The Stop in July when it was hot. Footprints left trails to skid marks where trucks peeled out in the parking lot. The dead jukebox, the footprints, the corpses of the Bartender and his patrons, the TV's white noise, that was all. And those red, red eyes.

A face climbed through the static, to smile on the screen. It locked eyes with the Night. One by one, every light bulb in the bar burst. Then the mirrors cracked. After that, the beer bottles exploded. One. By. One. Last was the TV, the static, the noise, the face. It clicked off with that sharp whistle the old ones make.

It clicked off, and The Night was gone in smoke. His bar-stool swung for no one to see. Dead eyes could only perhaps behold spit, spilled booze, broken glass, cigar-flavored air. Blood.

Wherever The Night went, it still had one bullet.

title: The Night (original, new, violent)

question: Why did the Night kill the people in The Stop?

answer: The Night killed the people in The Stop because he was a cold-blooded killer who enjoyed taking lives.

text: This is a possibility, but it's not stated in the story.

refinement: The Night killed the people in The Stop because he was a cold-blooded killer who enjoyed taking lives.

text: No answer.

refinement: It is not stated or explained in the story.

answer: It is not stated.

answer: It's not mentioned in the story.

question: Who are the major characters in the story?

answer: The major characters in this story are The Night and the bartender.

text: I don't think the bartender gets much time in this. I wouldn't classify them as a "main character".

refinement: The major characters in this story is The Night, with the bartender being the only other singularly identified character.

answer: The Night is the only major character.

answer: The Night, the bartender, the drunks, the dead jukebox, the face on the TV

text: I don't think anyone but The Night qualifies as a main character.

answer: The Night, the Bartender, the Drunk

text: I think The Night is the only main character because he's the only one explained and tracked.

question: What is the central theme of the story?

answer: I'm not sure. The writing just depicts a scene where The Night kills some patrons in a bar.

answer: The central theme of the story is that war is pointless and can only take life away.

text: There's no war in this story, and nothing alluding to war. "War" is the song that was on the jukebox.

refinement: The central theme is not clear in this passage.

answer: The central theme of the story is violence. The protagonist, The Night, comes into the bar and kills everyone with a gun, leaving behind a scene of carnage. The violence is meant to illustrate the brutality of war.

text: The violence has nothing to do with war (that the reader knows of). "War" is the title of the song that's playing and it is often used to pump up crowds.

refinement: The central theme of the story is violence. The protagonist, The Night, comes into the bar and kills everyone with a gun, leaving behind a scene of carnage.

answer: The central theme of the story is war.

text: "War" is the title of the song and that's it-there is no war in this story.

refinement: The central theme of the story is not explicitly stated, but there is violence.

question: Where does the story take place?

answer: The story takes place in a bar in the middle of nowhere.

text: Here there was grit. Here there was spit, spilled booze, broken glass, cigar-flavored air. Here there was a bar, in the middle of nowhere; a biker stop, really, ducked off down by the old frontage road past the overpass. No neon signs lit up, no teenagers told their friends this place's name, and those who did talk about it referred to it only as "The Stop."

answer: In a bar called The Stop in the middle of nowhere.

text: Here there was grit. Here there was spit, spilled booze, broken glass, cigar-flavored air. Here there was a bar, in the middle of nowhere; a biker stop, really, ducked off down by the old frontage road past the overpass. No neon signs lit up, no teenagers told their friends this place's name, and those who did talk about it referred to it only as "The Stop."

answer: The story takes place in a bar in the middle of nowhere, likely in a rural area.

text: Here there was grit. Here there was spit, spilled booze, broken glass, cigar-flavored air. Here there was a bar, in the middle of nowhere; a biker stop, really, ducked off down by the old frontage road past the overpass. No neon signs lit up, no teenagers told their friends this place's name, and those who did talk about it referred to it only as "The Stop."

answer: The story takes place in a bar.

text: This could be more specific.

refinement: The story takes place in a bar called The Stop in the middle of nowhere.

question: Write a ~6 sentence summary.

answer: In a bar called The Stop, in the middle of nowhere, The Night kicks the only door open. The bartender raises his hand to say he doesn't want any trouble, War by Edwin Sar playing in the background. The night guns down five people. A face with red eyes appears in the dark, locking eyes with The Night. All the lightbulbs and the TV pop, The Stop in silence. The Night walks off, still one bullet left in his gun.

answer: The Night arrives at a bar in the middle of nowhere, and quickly kills all of the patrons with his revolver. He leaves without a trace, leaving behind only death and destruction.

answer: The Night is a man who walks into a bar and kills everyone inside.

text: I think this could benefit from greater detail.

refinement: The Night is a man who walks into a gritty dive bar called The Stop, located in the middle of nowhere, and kills everyone.

answer: The narrator describes a bar in the middle of nowhere. The bar is called The Stop. The narrator describes the patrons of the bar. The door opens and a man enters. He is wearing a cowboy hat and a poncho. He shoots everyone in the bar. The narrator describes the man's face.

text: There's no narrator.

refinement: There's a bar in the middle of nowhere called The Stop. The door opens and a man enters. He is wearing a cowboy hat and a poncho. He shoots everyone in the bar.

text: This could be said more fluidly and naturally with fewer sentences.

refinement: There's a bar in the middle of nowhere called The Stop. The door opens and a man enters, wearing cowboy boots and a poncho. He shoots everyone in the bar.

text: I think it's more apt and colloquial (natural) to say he shoots up the bar.

refinement: There's a bar in the middle of nowhere called The Stop. The door opens and a man enters, wearing cowboy boots and a poncho. He shoots up the bar.


split: train

text:
[Kanye West and Taylor Swift at the 57th Grammy Awards on February 8, 2015 in Los Angeles, California.]
Kanye West and Taylor Swift at the 57th Grammy Awards on February 8, 2015 in Los Angeles, California.
Image: Kevin Mazur/WireImage

Taylor Swift isn't laughing, apparently.

Despite a report in TMZ, it seems Taylor Swift was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her in his new track "Famous."

Hours after Kanye premiered his new album _The Life of Pablo_ on Thursday, the site reported that Swift was completely aware of the fact that Kanye's new track included the lyrics "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous." The rapper reportedly called her directly to explain it was a joke, and that Taylor "gave him the thumbs up to release the song with the lyric."

But a representative for Swift tells _Mashable_ that's not exactly what happened:

  Kanye did not call for approval, but to ask Taylor to release his single "Famous" on her Twitter account. She declined and cautioned him about releasing a song with such a strong misogynistic message. Taylor was never made aware of the actual lyric, "I made that bitch famous."

Taylor and Kanye have had a contentious relationship since 2009 — naturally— but seemingly have made up since then. Swift even presented West with the Video Vanguard Award at the 2015 VMAs.

A representative for Kanye West did not immediately respond to _Mashable_'s request for comment.

question: What sources are listed in the article?

answer: The article cites TMZ as its main source, as well as a representative for Taylor Swift.

answer: WireImage, TMZ, and Mashable.

text: "WireImage" is not a source, but an image repository. The article was written by (someone from) Mashable, so they can't be considered a source.

answer: TMZ, Mashable

text: The article was written by (someone from) Mashable, so they can't be considered a source.

answer: The article lists TMZ as a source.

text: Taylor Swift's representative is also a source.

question: What song by Kanye West caused a controversy?

answer: "Famous"

answer: The song "Famous" from Kanye West's new album _The Life of Pablo_ is the song that caused a controversy.

text: Fix formatting on _The Life of Pablo_ (use ") and removed "a" from "a controversy"

refinement: The song "Famous" from Kanye West's new album "The Life of Pablo" is the song that caused controversy.

answer: "Famous"

answer: Famous.

question: What is Taylor Swift's issue with the lyrics?

answer: She was not aware of the lyrics.

text: "She was not aware of the lyrics." - is only a partial answer and must include the line "I made that bitch famous". Taylor's issue with the song was it had a strong misogynistic message. Needs a rewrite.

refinement: Taylor's issue with the song was it had a strong misogynistic message. She was also not made aware that the lyrics included her and the line "I made that bitch famous".

answer: She is not okay with the lyrics "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous."

text: Add Taylor's original issue was that the song had a strong misogynistic message.

refinement: Taylor's original issue was that the song had a strong misogynistic message. She is also not okay with the lyrics "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous."

answer: She believes they include a strong misogynistic message.

text: Add that she was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her.

refinement: She believes they include a strong misogynistic message and was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her.

answer: According to the passage, Swift was not okay with the misogynistic message in Kanye's lyrics.

text: Add that she was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her.

refinement: According to the passage, Swift was not okay with the misogynistic message in Kanye's lyrics and was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her.

question: What are the lyrics that Taylor Swift has an issue with?

answer: "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous."

answer: "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous."

answer: "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous."

answer: The lyrics that Taylor Swift reportedly has an issue with are "I made that bitch famous."

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: According to a representative for Taylor Swift, Kanye West did not call her to ask for approval of his new song "Famous" - which includes the lyrics "I made that bitch famous" - but to ask her to release it on her Twitter account. Swift reportedly declined and cautioned him about the misogynistic message in the song.

text: Did not meet the 4-sentence requirement.

refinement: According to a representative for Taylor Swift, Kanye West did not call her to ask for approval of his new song "Famous" - which includes the lyrics "I made that bitch famous" - but to ask her to release it on her Twitter account. Swift reportedly declined and cautioned him about the misogynistic message in the song. She was never made aware of the less-than-complimentary lyrics about her. Swift and West have had a contentious relationship since 2009.

answer: Taylor Swift was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her in his new track "Famous."

text: Did not reach the 4-sentence requirement which could have added more details to the summary.

refinement: Taylor Swift was not okay with Kanye West's less-than-complimentary lyrics about her in his new track "Famous." TMZ reported that West called Swift and got her approval to release the song despite the lyrics. According to Swift's representative, however, Swift declined and cautioned West about releasing a song with such a strong misogynistic message. Taylor was never made aware of the actual lyric, "I made that bitch famous."

answer:
Kanye West's new album, The Life of Pablo, includes a track called "Famous" that includes the lyrics "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous."

TMZ reports that Taylor Swift was aware of the lyrics and gave Kanye the thumbs up to release the song.

However, a representative for Taylor Swift says that Kanye did not call for approval, but to ask Taylor to release his single "Famous" on her Twitter account. She declined and cautioned him about releasing a song with such a strong misogynistic message.

answer: Taylor Swift disapproves of the lyrics in Kanye West's new song "Famous" that include her name. Taylor believes that the lyrics include a strong misogynistic message. Kanye claims that he called Taylor in advance and got the lyrics approved, however, Taylor claims she was never made aware of the lyrics. The two have has a contentious relationship since 2009, but have made up since.

text: "Taylor Swift disapproves of the lyrics in Kanye West's new song "Famous" that include her name." - include the actual lyrics.

refinement: Taylor Swift disapproves of the lyrics in Kanye West's new song "Famous" which includes the line "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous.". Taylor believes that the lyrics include a strong misogynistic message. Kanye claims that he called Taylor in advance and got the lyrics approved, however, Taylor claims she was never made aware of the lyrics. The two have has a contentious relationship since 2009, but have made up since.

text: "the lyrics include a strong" - replace "include" with "have"

refinement: Taylor Swift disapproves of the lyrics in Kanye West's new song "Famous" which includes the line "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous.". Taylor believes that the lyrics have a strong misogynistic message. Kanye claims that he called Taylor in advance and got the lyrics approved, however, Taylor claims she was never made aware of the lyrics. The two have has a contentious relationship since 2009, but have made up since.

text: "however, Taylor's representative claims she was never" - replace "Taylor" with "Taylor's representative" and "she" with Taylor

refinement: Taylor Swift disapproves of the lyrics in Kanye West's new song "Famous" which includes the line "I feel like me and Taylor might still have sex, I made that bitch famous.". Taylor believes that the lyrics have a strong misogynistic message. Kanye claims that he called Taylor in advance and got the lyrics approved, however, Taylor's representative claims she was never made aware of the lyrics. The two have has a contentious relationship since 2009, but have made up since.


text:
Overview

Ricoh’s Sustainability Optimisation Programme offers immediate and measurable reductions of your CO2 emissions by helping you to optimise your document production and Total Cost of Ownership (TCO). Our Sustainability Optimisation Programme is delivered through a five step consultancy process that offers practical steps toward achieving a zero carbon footprint:

1. ANALYSE
 First we collect and analyse all available information about your document output infrastructure to establish a baseline of your current carbon emissions, taking paper and energy consumption into account, to assess the right approach for your environment and future needs.

2. DESIGN
 We then formulate a plan that clearly identifies key areas for improvement, incorporating your own management commitments, ambitions relating to process efficiency, cost optimisation and productivity improvement. Practical steps include new floor plans for energy efficient device placement, and a report that sets out the path to achieve solid KPIs to track and measure tangible results.

3. IMPLEMENT
 The next phase is the implementation stage of the agreed blueprint, covering the installation and setup of devices like multifunction printers that include duplex printing and power saving modes. Training is offered to raise environmental awareness, teach energy-efficient device operation and communicate the impact that simple changes like double-sided printing can have.

4. GOVERN
We then begin to monitor results and measure them against your baseline and the sustainability KPIs set out in the design phase. We provide you with regular reports along with recommendations to improve processes if we observe negative variance and replicate successes where departments outperform targets. Targets may also be redefined if necessary to calibrate the sustainability performance of your fleet.

5. NEUTRALISE
 Our solution aims to reduce the environmental impact of all activities within our control. However even with the most sustainable process, there will be remaining carbon emissions produced by unavoidable paper and power use and device maintenance. Using our British Standard Institution accredited calculation method, we translate the remaining impact into hard figures and offer a choice of carbon credits to help you achieve a zero footprint target.

Video:

[ ]

 Key features & benefits

    Ricoh’s Sustainability Optimisation Programme provides you with a practical, structured, measurable approach to neutralise the carbon footprint of your document workflow.

    SUSTAINABILITY AS A BUSINESS DRIVER
    A pragmatic, actionable sustainability policy has become a crucial part of the business agenda in recent years. The rising cost of energy and its impact on the bottom line is only one factor. A solid sustainability strategy is of crucial importance to remain competitive as customers and partners seek assurances that you do business in a responsible way.

    STREAMLINED PROCESSES AND GREATER FINANCIAL CONTROL
    Beyond the clear environmental benefits, the implementation of the Sustainability Optimisation Programme offers organisation-wide productivity and cost saving advantages. Sustainable working includes the implementation of energy-efficient hardware, waste-reducing software and environmentally aware work patterns. All of which have a direct impact on your bottom line and the way people perform within your organisation.

    A TESTED, PROVEN AND VALIDATED APPROACH
    The Ricoh Sustainability Optimisation Programme draws on an extensive pool of experience in analysis and implementation. Through our British Standards Institution certified Sustainability Optimisation Programme, we’ve to date (June 2016) completed over 10,000 green audits for customers ranging from small businesses to multinational enterprises across Europe. We’ve helped our customers achieve demonstrable results, with an average reduction of 34% in carbon emissions and a 31% reduction in their TCO.

 Use cases

    Use case 1 : Mobile phone company’s green IT printing initiative

    THE CHALLENGE - To reduce the environmental impact of its office print environment, this global mobile phone company launched a Green IT ‘Less Paper Office’ initiative, which aimed to achieve:

    -   Smaller carbon footprint
    -   Lower Total Cost of Ownership
    -   Improved service delivery
    -   Increased security
    -   Managed global print service

    THE RICOH SOLUTION - Ricoh has developed an eco-efficient print infrastructure for the group, which supports the company’s flexible work and mobility strategy. This includes developing:

    -   A Green office environmental survey
    -   Global/local project management
    -   Standardised best-fit technology
    -   Dedicated on-site service support
    -   Detailed global/local reporting

    THE RESULTS - Global rationalisation and standardisation has:

    -   Increased the employee to device ratio by 300% (from an average 20:1 to 60:1)
    -   Reduced paper consumption by up to 75% in some regions
    -   Led to an average 50% reduction of annual office print cost per user
    -   Helped the company achieve significant and sustainable reductions in its carbon footprint by almost 3 million kilograms per annum.

    Use case 2 : Ricoh green-office solution helps world leading industrial company reduce its global carbon emissions

    THE CHALLENGE - The organisation’s print and reprographics infrastructure had grown organically. A fleet of stand-alone printers was proving expensive to run and provided little control over usage. Print volumes were growing and, with the company using inefficient equipment, carbon emissions were higher than necessary.

    RICOH’S SOLUTION – Ricoh analysed the existing infrastructure, auditing print volumes and recording green metrics such as energy consumption. Based on our findings, we provided:

    -   Ricoh green-office solution
    -
 Environmental print audit
    -
 Energy efficient multifunction printers
    -
 Managed print environment

    THE RESULTS - By removing inefficient printers and directing print to more energy-efficient multifunctional products, the solution is helping the company reduce its global carbon emissions and saving money:

    -   Print and reprographic expenditure is down by 18%
    -   Paper use is reduced by 15%
    -   A significant and sustainable reduction in their carbon footprint has been achieved

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about the advantages of Ricoh's Sustainability Optimization Process?

answer: The process reduces carbon footprint and energy use where possible as well as the total cost of ownership. In addition to environmental benefits, the program can reduce expenditures and increase productivity. Ricoh touts efficiency increases in device per employee in addition to sustainability increases in one of their case reports.

text: It is omitted how the process reduces carbon footprint and energy use - by helping you to optimize your document production.

refinement: The process reduces carbon footprint and energy use where possible by helping you to optimize your document production as well as the total cost of ownership. In addition to environmental benefits, the program can reduce expenditures and increase productivity. Ricoh touts efficiency increases in device per employee in addition to sustainability increases in one of their case reports.

answer: The Sustainability Optimization Process offers practical steps to achieve a zero carbon footprint by reducing the environmental impact of all activities within the organization's control. The process also provides streamlined processes and greater financial control, whilst offering a tested, proven and validated approach. There are also distinct advantages in reducing energy consumption and print expenditure.

answer: The Ricoh Sustainability Optimization Programme has immediate and measurable reductions of carbon emissions by helping a firm to optimize their document production and TCO. The programme is a five-step consult process that offers practical steps toward achieving a zero carbon footprint. The steps include collecting and analysing all available information about a firm's document output infrastructure, formulating a plan, implementing, monitoring and reporting. The programme uses devices like multifunction printers that include duplex printing and power saving modes which reduces carbon emissions.

answer: The Sustainability Optimisation Programme provides tangible reductions in your CO2 emissions in terms of process efficiency and cost optimisation. The programme includes practical steps towards achieving a zero carbon footprint, and includes things like installation and setup of energy-efficient devices, training, monitoring and measuring results against your baseline, and providing solutions to remaining carbon emissions. By using an established, tested and validated approach, Ricoh's programme is able to help organisations reduce their CO2 emissions and save money.

text: It is omitted how the process reduces carbon footprint and energy use - by helping you to optimize your document production.

refinement: The Sustainability Optimisation Programme provides tangible reductions in your CO2 emissions in terms of process efficiency and cost optimisation  by helping you to optimize your document production. The programme includes practical steps towards achieving a zero carbon footprint, and includes things like installation and setup of energy-efficient devices, training, monitoring and measuring results against your baseline, and providing solutions to remaining carbon emissions. By using an established, tested and validated approach, Ricoh's programme is able to help organisations reduce their CO2 emissions and save money.

text: 'optimisation' should be 'optimization'; 'programme' should be 'program'; 'zero carbon' should be 'zero carbon'; a comma is missing after 'By using an established, tested'; 'organisations' should be 'organizations'.

refinement: The Sustainability Optimisation Programme provides tangible reductions in your CO2 emissions in terms of process efficiency and cost optimization by helping you to optimize your document production. The program includes practical steps towards achieving a zero-carbon footprint, and includes things like installation and setup of energy-efficient devices, training, monitoring and measuring results against your baseline, and providing solutions to remaining carbon emissions. By using an established, tested, and validated approach, Ricoh's program is able to help organizations reduce their CO2 emissions and save money.

answer: The Sustainble Optimization Programmes help the document producer to determine the optimal printed material, delivery, and disposal method. The project is said to reduce carbon emissions, as well as saving costs on paper, devices, and energy. It can also be scaled for optimisation for large enterprises or for small operations.


text:
The HALFWAY GREYHOUND TRACK was a greyhound racing stadium on Torquay Road, Kingskerswell, between Newton Abbot and Torquay in Devon.[1]

Origins

A greyhound track was constructed in 1932 on the east side of the Great Western Railway Torquay and Dartmouth branch line and the west side of the Torquay Road. The name derives from the Half Way Cottages and Half Way Inn that were located on its east side. It is not known where the name Half Way originates but could be because Kingskerswell is halfway between Torquay and Newton Abbot.[2]

Opening

The track opened during February 1933 and traded through the war. The racing was independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club).

History

The venue was listed as being able to hold 500 spectators and in 1947 had a totalisator turnover of £157,233 which was a large turnover for a small track.[3]

In the 1960s the track was all-grass and raced five dog races over 220 and 530 yards and had an inside rail hare system.[4]

Closure

The track raced until November 1971 with land being sold for redevelopment.[5] The housing on the site today is called Stadium Drive and the Halfway Inn is now a private dwelling. A newer pub called the Hare and Hounds is situated immediately next door to the former Halfway Inn.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

title: Halfway Greyhound Track

question: When was the track constructed?

answer: 1932

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track was constructed in 1932.

answer: 1932

answer: The track was constructed in 1932.

question: How many spectators could the stadium hold?

answer: 500

answer: 500

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track could hold 500 spectators.

answer: The stadium could hold 500 spectators.

question: When did the stadium close?

answer: The stadium closed in 1971.

answer: November 1971

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track closed in 1971.

answer: November 1971

question: Where was the track?

answer: Torquay Road, Kingskerswell, between Newton Abbot and Torquay in Devon.

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track was located in Kingskerswell, between Newton Abbot and Torquay in Devon.

answer: On Torquay Road in Kingskerswell

answer: The track was located on Torquay Road, Kingskerswell, between Newton Abbot and Torquay in Devon.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track was a greyhound racing stadium in Kingskerswell. It was constructed in 1932 and closed in 1971. During its lifetime, it could hold 500 spectators.

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track was a greyhound racing stadium on Torquay Road, Kingskerswell, between Newton Abbot and Torquay in Devon. The track opened during February 1933 and traded through the war. The racing was independent (not affiliated to the sports governing body the National Greyhound Racing Club). The track raced until November 1971 with land being sold for redevelopment.

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track was a greyhound racing stadium on Torquay Road, Kingskerswell, between Newton Abbot and Torquay in Devon. It was constructed in 1932 and closed in 1971. It was listed as being able to hold 500 spectators and in 1947 had a totalisator turnover of £157,233.

answer: The Halfway Greyhound Track was a racing stadium for greyhounds located in Kingskerswell, Devon. It operated from 1933 until 1971, when it was closed down and the land was sold for redevelopment.


text:
The air was cool and the night was calm. The moon glistened on the fresh snowfall.
I rapped the door several times, not using the doorbell as I usually do.
She greeted me with a radiant smile at the door adorn in a scarf and the bells of her snow hat jumped with excitement for what was in store for the evening.
Our hands met as I helped her down the slippery stairs and, with no destination planned, we walked off into the moonlight.
The streets were empty and the snow untouched. The night was ours.
We had conversations about nothing, and reminisced about our days in highschool. Its hard to believe that after all this time we would become re acquainted with one anotherand inevitably fall in love. We reached the end of the cauldesac and I twireled her with my finger tips.
She slipped on the ice.
I caught her mid fall and pulled her close into a passionate embrace.
Her eye lashes were kissed with snow flakes and her cheeks blushed from the cold. Time was standing still and neither of us were meant to be anywhere else at that precise moment.
Our lips met deeply, in the cold of the night.
"There has been somehting I need to let you know" I said with the taste of her lips still on my breath.
"Is that so?" She said cheekly, positively glowing.
"You may say its about us," I continued.
"Go on" she said, with a smile.
"Well, I got in one little fight and my mom got scared. She said, 'Your're moving in with your aunt and uncle in Bel Air'".

title: Just for fun

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the title ("Just for fun") refer to?

answer: The nature of the story, being cheeky and resulting in a pop culture reference.

text: "and resulting in a pop culture reference." - unsure what pop culture reference is being talked about here.

text: Add that the story ends in an anti-climactic way.

refinement: The nature of the story being cheeky and ending in an anti-climactic way.

answer: The title refers to the evening spent walking through the cool night in companionship and exploring each other. The walk ended with a passionate kiss and the conversation about moving in with relatives in Bel Air.

text: "The title refers to the evening spent walking through the cool night in companionship and exploring each other. The walk ended with a passionate kiss and the conversation about moving in with relatives in Bel Air." - the title refers to the entire comedic setup of the story, from the romantic setting to the anti-climactic reveal.

refinement: "Just for fun" refers to the build-up of the story's romantic setting, to its comedic and anti-climactic ending.

answer: Unclear, unless it's a joke about the story being mostly comedic.

text: "unless it's a joke about the story being mostly comedic." - this can be deleted.

answer: The title suggests the entire story is some kind of joke but the reader is given no context for it to be meta about anything.

answer: The title of the passage refers to the romantic adventure that the two characters took in the snow. It was just for fun and something that they both enjoyed.

text: "The title of the passage refers to the romantic adventure that the two characters took in the snow. It was just for fun and something that they both enjoyed." - the title refers to the entire comedic setup of the story, from the romantic setting to the anti-climactic reveal.

refinement: "Just for fun" refers to the build-up of the story's romantic setting, to its comedic and anti-climactic ending.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who are the characters?

answer: A man entertaining his lady with a walk in the snowy night.

text: Add that they are unnamed.

refinement: A man entertaining his lady with a walk in the snowy night. Both are unnamed.

answer: They aren't named. They knew each other in high school and are now in love with each other.

answer: The two characters are a man and a woman.

text: "The two characters are a man and a woman." - mention that they are unnamed.

refinement: The two characters are an unnamed man and a woman.

answer: It's not clearly stated who they are, but they seem to be a man and woman.

answer: The characters are a man and a woman.

text: "The characters are a man and a woman." - mention that they are unnamed.

refinement: The characters are an unnamed man and a woman.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to Bel Air.

answer: Bel Air is mentioned as part of a lyric from a popular show that the narrator recites to their girlfriend, after teasing that there's something she has to know.

answer: The couple is discussing the obligatory move to Bel Air that the male's mother has imposed. Bel Air is a wealthy suburb in California. The streets there are empty and clean, and snow falls on the pristine whiteness. The atmosphere is romantic and carefree. Bel Air is the couple's new home.

text: "The couple is discussing the obligatory move to Bel Air that the male's mother has imposed. Bel Air is a wealthy suburb in California. The streets there are empty and clean, and snow falls on the pristine whiteness. The atmosphere is romantic and carefree. Bel Air is the couple's new home." - this is inaccurate and speculative. The narrator merely quoted Will Smith's song from the show as a gag.

refinement: The narrator quoted the lyrics of a song as a joke.

answer: It is mentioned as a joke.

answer: The story takes place in a city called Bel Air. The protagonist tells the woman he loves that he is moving there to live with his aunt and uncle due to a fight at home. Bel Air is described as a place where the streets are empty and the snow is untracked. It is also described as a place where the two lovers create beautiful memories together.

text: "The story takes place in a city called Bel Air. The protagonist tells the woman he loves that he is moving there to live with his aunt and uncle due to a fight at home. Bel Air is described as a place where the streets are empty and the snow is untracked. It is also described as a place where the two lovers create beautiful memories together." - this is inaccurate and speculative. The narrator merely quoted Will Smith's song from the show as a gag.

refinement: The narrator quoted the lyrics of a song as a joke.

answer: Bel Air is not known to the narrator or the girl. The girl's response to the narrator's statement is described as cheeky with a smi

text: Bel Air is not known to the narrator or the girl. The girl's response to the narrator's statement is described as cheeky with a smi - this is inaccurate and speculative. The narrator merely quoted Will Smith's song from the show as a gag.

refinement: The narrator quoted the lyrics of a song as a joke.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What season is the story set in?

answer: The story takes place in winter.

answer: The story is set in winter.

answer: The title of the story indicates that it is the winter.

text: "The title of the story indicates that it is the winter." - this is inaccurate. The title of the story is "Just for fun" which hardly indicates winter. Rewrite the sentence.

answer: Winter, presumably.

answer: Winter.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Two people walk through the night amid snowfall when the woman falls on the ice. The two embrace passionately and confess their love for one another before the man reveals he's about to be moving away.

text: "the man reveals he's about to be moving away" - it sounds like he's moving away, but it's actually the lyrics for a song meant as a joke.

refinement: Two people walk through the night amid snowfall when the woman falls on the ice. The two embrace passionately and confess their love for one another before the man quotes the lyrics from a song as a joke.

answer: The narrator arrives at their girlfriend's house and they take a walk in the moonlight, where they embrace and the narrator says there's something the girlfriend has to know. The narrator proceeds to recite lyrics to the theme song for The Fresh Prince of Bel Air.

text: "Bel Air" - add a hyphen

refinement: The narrator arrives at their girlfriend's house and they take a walk in the moonlight, where they embrace and the narrator says there's something the girlfriend has to know. The narrator proceeds to recite lyrics to the theme song for The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.

text: "their girlfriend's" - it wasn't implied what the two were, simply two people in love.

refinement: The narrator arrives at the woman's house and they take a walk in the moonlight, where they embrace and the narrator says there's something she has to know. The narrator proceeds to recite lyrics to the theme song for The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.

answer: The narrator walked into the moonlight with his love, speaking of their past, and reminiscing about it. At some point, the narrator says he has to tell her something about their relationship: the mother said he's moving to Bel Air.

text: "the mother said he's moving to Bel Air." - might seem like the right answer, but the narrator was actually quoting the lyrics of a Will Smith song as a joke.

refinement: The narrator walked into the moonlight with his love, speaking of their past, and reminiscing about it. At some point, the narrator says he has to tell her something about their relationship, then quotes the lyrics from a song as a joke.

answer: An old couple, possibly lovers, walks through falling snow on a winter night, discussing their lives in high school as their lips meet for a second kiss before the man mentions that he is moving in with his aunt and uncle in Bel Air.

text: "An old couple," - it was never implied that they were old.

refinement: A couple, possibly lovers, walks through falling snow on a winter night, discussing their lives in high school as their lips meet for a second kiss before the man mentions that he is moving in with his aunt and uncle in Bel Air.

text: "the man mentions that he is moving in with his aunt and uncle in Bel Air." - might seem like the right answer, but the narrator was actually quoting the lyrics of a Will Smith song as a joke.

refinement: A couple, possibly lovers, walks through falling snow on a winter night, discussing their lives in high school as their lips meet for a second kiss before the man recites the lyrics from a song as a joke.

text: Did not meet the 2-sentence summary requirement. Split the sentence in two.

refinement: A couple, possibly lovers, walks through falling snow on a winter night. They discuss their lives in high school as their lips meet for a second kiss before the man recites the lyrics from a song as a joke.

answer: There was a night of calm snowfall and falling in love through playful antics. The night ends with the revelation that they were going to move to Bel Air.

text: "Bel Air." - add a hyphen

refinement: There was a night of calm snowfall and falling in love through playful antics. The night ends with the revelation that they were going to move to Bel-Air.

text: "that they were going to move to Bel-Air." - might seem like the right answer, but the narrator was actually quoting the lyrics of a Will Smith song as a joke.

refinement: There was a night of calm snowfall and falling in love through playful antics. The night ends with the man about to reveal something, only to recite the lyrics from a song as a joke.


text:
"There's been a terrible, horrible, unavoidable accident. And I'm sorry but your lover..." The following words that escaped that persons lips were white noise. The phone dropped into the dishwater. A spark jumped, but I didn't flinch. Didn't blink. My eyes burned. Singed with passion and pain. I pawed the faucet and the running water stopped. My life... my life was dead. I closed my eyes and whimpered. Then I grabbed my moms car keys and ran to the van. Speeding. Speeding like the blood choked up in my heart. Speeding like the air choked up in my throat. I sped for life, love. I sped for pain. I sped blindly through green lights and red lights, stop signs, police patrols. I sped because his life was speeding away.

"His"? Who was He? He was the love of my life, my soul. I gave my womanhood to him, I gave my life. He gave me his. And now that he's leaving, he's taking me with him. Blue lights flicker in the rear-view mirror. I sped up. No lights can take him away. Not even a white one.

I pull over when I see a parade of trucks and sirens. I don't even let the car stop. I jump out. I race barefoot to him. my feet pounding the concrete.

Pounding.

Heart.

Blood.

Pain.

Love.

Tears.

Sweat.

Sweet gloss.

Metal.

Stench from burning rubber.

Heated joints.

I hear a wailing. A mother crying. An aunt pleading. A friend clawing at his own face to stop tears. And when I see... when I see... a lifeless body.. a soulless shell.. sprawled onto the concrete.... blood.. skin.. hair.. All goes silent. My knees break. My arm fail. My soul disconnects. I crawl over, scraping my knees beyond recognition. A cut up face. A cut up love. Cut. Burn. Bleed. Loss. Soul. Love. Hurt. My lovers face whispers to my heart and I can't breathe and the earth spins too fast.. So fast that my brain pukes. I touch his face.. and... I cry on his cuts. And I use my white shirt to clean him. And he's beautiful. As beautiful as his jaded eyes. And then I cover his face with my head. I know, it's weird. It's strange because his life was leaving quickly. I picked up his head and hugged his neck and kissed his hair. His blood and sweat dribbled onto my shirt. I didn't care. I swallowed my heart, and his with mine. And then I knew he was gone. I knew he left. Tonight he fell asleep and will not wake up. And no matter how many tears will spill, he will not return. I love you. And goodnight...

title: The Accident

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What kind of accident does the title refer to?

answer: The accident is death by automobile accident.

answer: A car accident.

answer: A traffic accident.

answer: The accident referred to in the passage is a fatal one. Someone's lover died in an accident, leaving the narrator devastated and alone.

text: A car accident

answer: That information can't be found.

text: A car accident

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Is the narrator alive?

answer: Yes, though she compares the death of her lover to dying herself.

answer: Yes, they drive the car

answer: Yes.

answer: No, the narrator is not alive. The narrator has lost their lover in an accident and is grieving.

text: A lovely, metaphorical interpretation, but let's be clear for our readers

refinement: Yes, though she compares the death of her lover to dying herself.

answer: It is not made clear in the story

text: It is made clear

refinement: Yes, though she compares the death of her lover to dying herself.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are the major events of the story?

answer: A lover dies in an accident. The narrator races to him, determined to breathe their last breath together.

text: No breathing last breath together

refinement: A man dies in a car accident and his lover speeds to the scene after being informed by phone.

answer: A man dies in a car accident and his lover speeds to the scene after being informed by phone.

answer: The major events of the story are that there has been a terrible, horrible accident and the character's lover has passed away. The character races to the scene and physically interacts with the body, covering it with her head and hugging the neck. She wakes up to the reality of her lover's death.

answer: The phone call from the the police that his lover has been killed in an accident, the narrator speeding to the hospital, the emotional reunion, and the discovery of his lover's lifeless body.

answer: The story tells of a terrible, horrible accident resulting in the death of the speaker's lover. The speaker races to the accident site to see their lover's lifeless body sprawled on the ground. The speaker covers their lover with their head and sobs as they sense the lover's death.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who said, "There's been a terrible, horrible, unavoidable accident. And I'm sorry but your lover..."?

answer: The person who said this was a speaker communicating bad news to the lover of the person who was reading the passage.

text: Not the person who was reading the passage

refinement: The person who said this was the one who called to inform the narrator's lover of the accident.

answer: The person who said this was the one who called to inform the narrator's lover of the accident.

answer: The narrator does not know who said this. It may be somebody at the scene of the accident, or the lover himself.

text: It cannot be the lover because he is dead

refinement: The person who said this was the one who called to inform the narrator's lover of the accident.

answer: Not answered.

text: Well we do know it is the person on the phone

refinement: The person who said this was the one who called to inform the narrator's lover of the accident.

answer: Presumably a police officer, doctor, or paramedic at the scene of the crash. The person isn't identified.

text: This is great, and fine to make these extrapolations, perfectly safe

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What colors of lights are mentioned?

answer: Blue lights; Green lights; Red lights; White lights

text: White lights are not mentioned

answer: Blue and white lights are both mentioned.

text: Green and red are not mentioned

answer: There are only two other colors of lights - green and red - other than blue.

text: Strange wording. Two other...other than is bulky

answer: Green, red, blue, white.

answer: Blue and white lights are both mentioned in the passage.

text: Missing red and green

refinement: Blue, red, green and white lights are both mentioned in the passage.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: A person is in a car wreck and another person tries to help their lover.

answer: There has been a terrible accident, and the protagonist's lover has died. The protagonist mourns and has a moment of grief, before accepting their lover's death.

answer: A woman is informed of her lover's death in a car accident and races to the scene to hold his body, full of grief.

answer: The author's lover dies after a car accident.

answer: A tragic accident leaves the protagonist's lover dead. The protagonist is overcome with grief and crawls over him, crying on him, before realizing that he has died and there is nothing she can do to bring him back.


text:
The man answered me hoarsely, a queer smile playing across the corner of his cracked lips, "It is said that when the gods wish to punish us... they answer our prayers."

His face, a map of scars, was strangely familiar, like a distant place long forgotten.

"Speak not in riddles old man," I snarled, "You will make your peace with to whomever gods you pray well soon enough. Until then, you answer to Me, and pray, pray now, my vengeance is kinder than theirs."

His sunken eyes shone dimly, and bore no fear. "Then I truly hope my debt to them is paid," he laughed, wistful.

"Tell me, what did you wish of them, Barabbas? What shining stone did you cheat from the Wardens' lot? What coveted prize did you squander on stolen time? What dungeon's claim did you lay away on halcyon roads? Was it Love? Riches? Power? Tell me. Tell me before I send you back to the hell from whence you came, wretched man."

"I sought something. I think... I sought knowledge. Understanding."

"Then you are a fool, old one. Tell me, out of perversion, what did you learn, living out your wasted days? What carnival spectacles did the wilds divulge, as you wandered far and away? What secrets did the amber halls and dim-lit alleys whisper to prowling ears? What shrouded facts sought their way through dead tomes, spilling torrid wanderlust into grey matter? Was it Techne? Logos? Pathos? Teach me. Teach me, before I snuff out your pathetic spark."

He took a deep breath and exhaled, a visible shudder traveling through his frail skeleton. I saw his eyes glimmer distantly. I saw him strain, the furrows of his brow crossed in wrought exertion. I watched his frail hand reach across the distance between us, stretching as if to grasp something unfathomable and then, a solitary tear fell onto the cold ground.

"I cannot... I can no longer remember. I am old and my mind is not what it once was."

He closed a pair of weary eyes and hung a tired head, anguish painted across his worn features.

"Once a fool, always a fool, I can see," I spat, seizing his slacking jaw, and peering into cloudy eyes, a visage of sorrow. "Tell me your story. Show me your sins. Show me your joys and regrets, your dreams and sorrows. Show me it all, the last thing you do before these damned eyes are shut forevermore. SHOW ME!"

Silence. Grimacing, he forced his eyes shut, face a contortion of singular will, summoning every scrap of concentration he could gather.

Time stood still.

Then, suddenly, his eyes sprang open and the clouds parted within revealing a sudden inner light, a clear and piercing gaze. His brow lifted, his focus sharpened and a sudden strength found itself within him, wresting my hand away.

Hands astir, he gripped my hands, arms, and face frantically, some terrible recognition dawning over him. Clasping my head with his palms, he suddenly collapsed onto the ground, drained.

"Speak, you despicable thing! Tell me your name! Speak, damn you!" I growled, anxious to hear his last words. Crouching, I knelt beside his haggard frame.

He spoke, after a time, eyes aglow with perception. His words were slow and deliberate. This is what he told me.

"You... I remember my wish. I wished to know an old man’s secret, once. My name is... but, ah! that, you know already. Let me teach you what I have learned. Let me show you, eager one.”

And he smiled, a wry smile, breathing his last.

As he closed his eyes, I opened mine to curse him, but he was gone, and I awoke lying alone, cursing only myself.

title: The Wish

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the narrator's conversation with the old man?

answer: The story suggests that the narrator's conversation with the old man is an attempt to learn some secret from the old man. However, the old man's memory slips and he is unable to recall what he wished for. The old man believes that any knowledge he has is gone for good. In desperation, the old man grabs the narrator and desperately tries to impart his final knowledge. Ultimately, the old man dies and all he can say before his death is his name. His lack of knowledge is frustrating for the narrator.

text: The model's response mentions that the old man said his name before he died. This is untrue to the story and the model should rewrite this sentence or eliminate it.

refinement: The story suggests that the narrator's conversation with the old man attempts to learn some secrets from the old man. However, the old man's memory slips, and he cannot recall what he wished for. The old man believes that any knowledge he has is gone for good, and his lack of knowledge is frustrating for the narrator. In desperation, the old man grabs the narrator and desperately tries to impart his knowledge.

answer: The narrator arrives suddenly, and he seems very angry at the old man. He accuses the old man of trying to avoid punishment from the gods. The old man appears unafraid of the man's threats, so could be it's very fun and winding or the old man is too old and frail to care about the man. The man demands to know about the old man's secret, which he can no longer remember. The narrator is desperate to know the old man's secret, but the old man cannot remember it either. The narrator is agitated, and the old man offers to teach him the old man's secret. He dies before he can tell him, aglow with perception. The narrator curses him as he dies.

text: The model's response repeats a point twice, and one should be eliminated or replaced with another point from the story. It also makes an unclear statement toward the end of the summary which should be rewritten or replaced.

refinement: The narrator arrives suddenly, and he seems very angry at the old man. He threatens him by trying to get him to reveal his secret or risk punishment from the gods. The old man appears unafraid of the narrator's threats, resulting from being too old and frail to care about the man. The narrator is desperate to know the old man's secret; however, the old man cannot remember much. The narrator is therefore agitated by this, and the old man offers to impart some knowledge. However, he dies before he can tell the narrator and the narrator curses him.

answer: The narrator interrogated a very old man and asked him what he had wished of the gods because part of the old man's punishment by the gods would be the loss of his memory. The man said he had wished to know the old man's secret, once. After an excruciating struggle, the man regained his composure and his gaze sharpened like he had momentarily regained his youth. He shrieks in terror and collapses. The narrator tries to hold on to him, asking the old man to speak, but the man simply smiles, thanking the narrator for his life. The narrator curses the old man, but the old man is gone before he could be held responsible for his crimes.

text: The story doesn't mention the old man thanking the narrator for his life. That statement should be erased. It also says that the man dies before being held responsible for his crimes which was not mentioned in the story. This sentence should also be replaced or erased.

refinement: The narrator interrogated a very old man and asked him what he had wished from the gods because part of the old man's punishment was the loss of his memory. The narrator wanted to know the old man's secret. After an excruciating struggle, the man regained his composure, and his gaze sharpened. He, however, shrieks in terror and collapses. The narrator tries to hold on to him, asking the old man to speak, but he simply smiles. The narrator curses the old man after he dies because he doesn't achieve his goal of learning his secret.

answer: The story says that the narrator initially planned to exact vengeance on the old man, but instead was intrigued by the old man's secret and wanted to learn from him. The old man, despite being exhausted and near the end of his life, offered what he could in an attempt to teach the narrator something. Even though the old man eventually died, the narrator gained something from their conversation.

text: The response mentions that the narrator gained something from their conversation, which is not correct. The answer should be more accurate to the story.

refinement: The story says that the narrator initially planned to exact vengeance on the old man but instead was intrigued by his secret and wanted to learn from him. Despite being exhausted and near the end of his life, the old man offered what he could in an attempt to teach the narrator something. The old man eventually died, and the narrator gained nothing from their conversation. Because of this, he curses him.

answer: The old man tells the protagonist it is said that when the gods wish to punish us... they answer our prayers, and the protagonist asks the old man what he wished of gods. The man replies he wanted knowledge. Then the protagonist asks him what he learned, but the man replies he cannot remember. Then the protagonist wants to know the man's sins, joys, and sorrows. The man says he wanted to know an old man’s secret abd dies.

text: The model's answer contains a typographical error.

refinement: The old man tells the protagonist that when the gods wish to punish us, they answer our prayers, and the protagonist asks the old man what he wants from the gods. The man replies he wanted knowledge. Then the protagonist asks him what he learned, but the man replies he cannot remember. Then the protagonist wants to know the man's sins, joys, and sorrows. The old man says he wished to know an old man's secret and then dies.


text:
The OTTAWA HUNT AND GOLF CLUB, often referred to as OTTAWA HUNT or the HUNT CLUB, is a private golf and curling club in Canada, located in Ottawa, Ontario. Founded in 1908 as a hunting club, it has hosted many world-class professional and amateur golf tournaments, along with many high-profile Canadian curling events.

History

With golf entering into a boom period after World War I, with enormous demand for new facilities, the Ottawa Hunt Club expanded into golf in 1919. Its South and West nines, usually paired together as its main tournament course, were designed by Willie Park, Jnr. (1864−1925), a two-time British Open champion (1887, 1889), one of the era's top golf architects, and a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.[1]; [2]

Its curling facility was opened in 1959, and has six sheets of ice.[3]

Redesign history

[Club house] The golf course was redesigned, mainly for its green complexes, by Tom McBroom in 1989. The club's latest renovation, with a primary aim to implement more expansive practice facilities, was performed by Dr. Michael Hurdzan in 2013; this work reduced the par from 72 to 71, as one par-four hole was replaced by a new par-three hole.[4]

Important tournaments hosted

Men's events

The Club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932; this tournament was won by World Golf Hall of Famer Harry Cooper.

Ottawa Hunt hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960; this event (which ended after 1967) saw the United States, Canada, and Mexico compete in amateur team play. The American team was led by future World Golf Hall of Fame members Jack Nicklaus and Deane Beman, yet defeated Canada only narrowly, by 21.5 to 20, with Mexico trailing in third place.[5]

It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1937; this event was won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Ross Somerville, for his last of six titles. It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960; this event was won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Keith Alexander.[6] It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970; this event was won by Allen Miller, who turned professional shortly afterwards, and went on to win on the PGA Tour.

Women's events

The club hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, then a major championship, on the LPGA Tour, won by Martha Nause with a score of 279 (nine under par) for four rounds.

It hosted the LPGA Tour's CN Canadian Women's Open in August 2008, celebrating the club's centennial. Katherine Hull won with a score of 277 (−11), one stroke ahead of runner-up Se Ri Pak, with Yani Tseng a further stroke back in third place;[7] Tseng set a new ladies' competitive course record with 64 (–8) in round two, spread over two days due to weather.[8] The 2008 edition of the tournament set new attendance records, with more than 70,000 fans, and raised more than C$1 million for charity.

In 2017, the club hosted the CP Canadian Women's Open, which was won by Sung Hyun Park, who had earlier won the 2017 U.S. Women's Open. Canadian superstar Brooke Henderson, who grew up in Smiths Falls, Ontario, less than an hour's drive from Ottawa Hunt, set a ladies' record for the newly redesigned course with a third-round 63, eight under the revised par of 71. Henderson is an honorary member of the Ottawa Hunt Club.

Golf champions at Ottawa Hunt

-   1932 Canadian Open, won by Harry Cooper []
-   1937 Canadian Amateur, won by Ross Somerville []
-   1960 Canadian Amateur, won by Keith Alexander []
-   1960 Americas Cup Matches, won by the United States of America []
-   1970 Canadian Amateur, won by Allen Miller []
-   1994 du Maurier Classic, won by Martha Nause []
-   2008 Canadian Women's Open, won by Katherine Hull []
-   2017 Canadian Women's Open, won by Sung Hyun Park []

Curling

-   1961 Diamond D Championship []
-   2010 Canadian Senior Curling Championships []
-   2014 Canadian Mixed Doubles Curling Trials []
-   2015 Canadian Mixed Doubles Curling Trials []
-   2015 Travelers Curling Club Championship []

[1] _The Golf Course_, by Geoffrey Cornish and Ronald Whitten, 1981.

[2] wghof.org

[3] ottawahuntclub.org

[4] ottawahuntclub.org

[5] ''Golf in Canada: A History", by James A. Barclay, 1992.

[6] _History of Golf in Canada_, by L.V. Kavanaugh, 1973.

[7]

[8]

title: Ottawa Hunt and Golf Club

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything related to the club during the 1960s.

answer: The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932, which was won by Harry Cooper. It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960 and was won by Keith Alexander. The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970 and was won by Allen Miller. The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1960, which was won by Ross Somerville.

text: Completely irrelevant/inaccurate response

text: Provide a response

refinement: In 1960, it hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship, which was won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Keith Alexander. In the same year, it also hosted the Americas Cup golf matches, which saw the United States, Canada, and Mexico compete in amateur team play.

answer: The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932 (1962?). Ottawa Hunt hosted the Americas Cup golf matches as well (1960). 2002 hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship, which was won by Ross Somerville. The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, which was won by Keith Alexander. The club hosted the embassy of the Nations Cup in 1967, that was won by Canada.

text: Remove irrelevant/inaccurate information

refinement: Ottawa Hunt hosted the Americas Cup golf matches as well (1960). The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, which was won by Keith Alexander.

text: State that it hosted the Americas Cup in 1960

refinement: Ottawa Hunt hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960. The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, which was won by Keith Alexander.

answer: The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932, which was won by Harry Cooper. The club also hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960, which was won by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1937, which was won by Ross Somerville. The club also hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, which was won by Keith Alexander. The club also hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970, which was won by Allen Miller. The club also hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, which was won by Martha Nause.

answer: The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932, which was won by Harry Cooper. It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960 and was won by Keith Alexander. The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970 and was won by Allen Miller. The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1960, which was won by Ross Somerville. The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1970, which was won by Allen Miller.

answer: It hosted the Diamond D Championship in 1961. It hosted the LPGA Tour's du Maurier Classic on the LPGA Tour in the same year. This tournament that was won by Martha Nause with a score of 279 for four rounds. Henderson set the first ladies' record for the newly redesigned course.

answer: The club hosted the Diamond D Championship in 1961 as a curling tournament.

text: Include other events from the 60s

refinement: The club hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960, which saw the United States, Canada, and Mexico compete in amateur team play. The same year, it hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship, which was won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Keith Alexander. It hosted the Diamond D Championship in 1961 as a curling tournament.

answer: In the 1960s, the Hunt Club hosted two major golf tournaments (1960, 1962), had a club house redesign (1989), hosted the du Maurier Classic, then a major championship, on the LPGA Tour (1994), hosted the CN Canadian Women's Open (2008), and held the CP Canadian Women's Open in 2017, which was won by Brooke Henderson, who was a member of the Hunt Club.

answer: The club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932, which was won by Harry Cooper. The club also hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960, which was won by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The club hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, which was won by Keith Alexander. The club also hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970, which was won by Allen Miller. The club also hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, which was won by Martha Nause.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about being a good golf player?

answer: No answer

answer: The article doesn't say anything about being a good golfer.

answer: The article doesn't say much about being a good golf player besides where the Ottawa Hunt Club hosted a number of major golf tournaments. The Club's West Nine, usually paired to its main tournament course, was redesigned by Willie Park Jr., a two-time British Open champion who belongs to the World Golf Hall of Fame.

text: Irrelevant response

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

answer: The article doesn't say anything about being a good golf player.

answer: No answer

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything related to tournament winners.

answer: In 1932, the Canadian Open was won by Harry Cooper. In 1937, the Canadian Amateur Championship was won by Ross Somerville. In 1960, the Canadian Amateur Championship was won by Keith Alexander. In 1960, the Americas Cup Matches was won by the United States. In 1994, the du Maurier Classic was won by Martha Nause. In 2008, the Canadian Women's Open was won by Katherine Hull. In 2017, the Canadian Women's Open was won by Sung Hyun Park.

text: Include Allen Miller

refinement: In 1932, the Canadian Open was won by Harry Cooper. In 1937, the Canadian Amateur Championship was won by Ross Somerville. In 1960, the Canadian Amateur Championship was won by Keith Alexander. In 1960, the Americas Cup Matches was won by the United States. In 1970, Allen Miller won the Canadian Amateur. In 1994, the du Maurier Classic was won by Martha Nause. In 2008, the Canadian Women's Open was won by Katherine Hull. In 2017, the Canadian Women's Open was won by Sung Hyun Park.

answer: The club hosted the 1932 Canadian Open, which was won by Harry Cooper. The club hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, which was won by Martha Nause. The club was host to the 2008 Canadian Women's Open, won by Katherine Hull, who scored 277 (-11). The club was host to the 2017 Canadian Women's Open, won by Sung Hyun Park. The club hosted the 1961 Diamond D Championship.

text: The last sentence is irrelevant

refinement: The club hosted the 1932 Canadian Open, which was won by Harry Cooper. The club hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, which was won by Martha Nause. The club was host to the 2008 Canadian Women's Open, won by Katherine Hull, who scored 277 (-11). The club was host to the 2017 Canadian Women's Open, won by Sung Hyun Park.

text: Leaves out many winners

refinement: The club hosted the 1932 Canadian Open, which was won by Harry Cooper. In 1937, the Canadian Amateur was won by Ross Somerville. In 1960, the Canadian Amateur was won by Keith Alexander. In the same year, the Americas Cup Matches were won by the United States. In 1970, the Canadian Amateur was won by Allen Miller. The club hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, which was won by Martha Nause. The club was host to the 2008 Canadian Women's Open, won by Katherine Hull, who scored 277 (-11). The club was host to the 2017 Canadian Women's Open, won by Sung Hyun Park.

answer: The Club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932 and was won by World Golf Hall of Famer Harry Cooper. It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1932 and was won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Ross Somerville. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960, which included some big names such as Jack Nicklaus, Deane Beman and Mexico.

answer: The Ottawa Hunt Club hosted the 1932 Canadian Open, which was won by Harry Cooper.  The 1938 Canadian Amateur Championship was won by Ross Somerville, who won this tournament for the sixth time. The 1960 Canadian Amateur Championship was won by Keith Alexander, who won the competition for the first time. The 2008 Canadian Women's Open was won by Katherine Hull, who scored 277 (-11).

answer: Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Open in 1932, won by World Golf Hall of Famer Harry Cooper. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1937, won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Ross Somerville. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Keith Alexander. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970, won by Allen Miller. The club hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, won by Martha Nause. The 2008 edition of the tournament set new attendance records with more than 70,000 fans, and raised more than C$1 million for charity. In 2017, the club hosted the CP Canadian Women's Open, won by Sung Hyun Park. The club hosted the LPGA Tour's CN Canadian Women's Open in August 2008, won by Katherine Hull.

answer: Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Open in 1932, won by World Golf Hall of Famer Harry Cooper. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1937, won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Ross Somerville. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1960, won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Keith Alexander. Ottawa Hunt hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1970, won by Allen Miller. The club hosted the 1994 du Maurier Classic, won by Martha Nause. The 2008 edition of the tournament set new attendance records with more than 70,000 fans, and raised more than C$1 million for charity. In 2017, the club hosted the CP Canadian Women's Open, won by Sung Hyun Park.

answer:
The Club hosted the Canadian Open in 1932 and was won by World Golf Hall of Famer Harry Cooper. It hosted the Canadian Amateur Championship in 1934 and was won by Canadian Golf Hall of Fame member Ross Somerville. The club hosted the 2008 Canadian Women's Open and Walton Hull came out on top. The club hosted this tournament to celebrate the club's centennial. Katherine Hull won with a score of 277.
Ottawa Hunt hosted the Americas Cup golf matches in 1960, which included some big names such as Jack Nicklaus, Deane Beman and Mexico.


text:
_COMMUNITAS PERFECTA_ (“perfect community”) or _SOCIETAS PERFECTA_ (“perfect society”) is the Latin name given to one of several ecclesiological, canonical, and political theories of the Catholic Church. The doctrine teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal (final end) of the universal salvation of mankind. It has historically been used in order to define church–state relations and to provide a theoretical basis for the legislative powers of the church in the philosophy of canon law.

_Communitas perfecta_ in Aristotle

Its origins can be traced to the _Politics_ of Aristotle, who described the _Polis_ as a whole made of several imperfect parts, i.e. the consummation of natural communities such as the family and the village.[1] The “perfect community” was originally developed as a theory of political society. The most sovereign political organization (the Polis) can attain the end of the community as a whole (happiness) better than any of the subordinate parts of the community (family, village, etc.). Since it can attain its end (_telos_) by its own powers and the resources within itself, then it is self-sufficient. It is self-sufficiency that is the defining element of the polis.[2]

Scholastic development

The idea of “perfect community” was also present in medieval philosophy. In direct reference to Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas mentions the state (_civitas_)[3] as a perfect community (_communitas perfecta_):[4]

Aquinas never referred to the church as a perfect community in his writings.[5] If Aquinas and medieval writers had any notion of _communitas perfecta_ being applied to the church, it was not clearly expressed and was not a clear basis for the _societas perfecta_ theory used in later controversies between church and state.[6]

Magisterial adoption

During Enlightenment period, the _Societas Perfecta_ doctrine was strongly affirmed in order to better protect the church from secular encroachments. It was also mentioned in the magisterium of the Thomistic revivalist pontiffs such as Pius IX. And especially Leo XIII, in his encyclical _Immortale Dei,_ explains this teaching in relation to the church:

The two perfect societies correspond to two forces, the church and state:

Developments in the post-conciliar period

Until the Second Vatican Council, the doctrine of the two perfect societies of Leo XIII was held to be official in theological studies. During the council itself, as well as in the new _1983 Code of Canon Law_ itself, the doctrine was no longer explicitly mentioned and the Aristotelian “Perfect Community” was all but replaced by the biblical “People of God”. In the modern Catholic post-conciliar theology, its discussion is limited to theologians and academics. Its near-abandonment in discourse has proven controversial.

In any event, Pope Paul VI mentioned it and summarized it in the 1969 _motu proprio_ _Sollicitudo omnium ecclesiarum_ on the tasks of the papal legate:

This theology was largely overshadowed by the biblical theology of the church as the _mystici corporis Christi_ (mystical body of Christ), which began to be more fully developed in the early 20th century and was affirmed by Pope Pius XII in 1943.[7]

[1] Aristotle, _Politics_ book I chapter 1

[2] Aristotle, Politics book I chapter 1

[3] The translation of “civitas” with “state” at this point, see Aroney, Nicholas, "Subsidiarity, Federalism and the Best Constitution : Thomas Aquinas on City, Province and Empire. "Law and Philosophy, Vol 26, pp. 161–228, 2007

[4] Summa I-II q 90 a 3 (English: NewAdvent.org)

[5] Robert A. Graham, S.J., _Vatican Diplomacy: A Study of Church and State on the International Plane_ (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1959) pg. 230.

[6] Robert A. Graham, S.J., _Vatican Diplomacy: A Study of Church and State on the International Plane_ (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1959) pg. 231.

[7] Pius XII, 1943 encyclical _Mystici Corporis Christi_

title: Communitas perfecta

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What language is "communitas perfecta"?

answer: Latin.

answer: The term "communitas perfecta" is Latin for "perfect community".

answer: The term "communitas perfecta" is Latin.

answer: Latin but it roughly translates as "perfect community."

answer: Latin.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

In which church is it a political theory?

answer: The theory of the perfect community is a political theory within the Church.

text: "The theory of the perfect community is a political theory within the Church." - missing "Catholic"

refinement: The theory of the perfect community is a political theory within the Catholic Church.

answer: The Catholic Church.

answer: The Catholic Church

answer: Catholic

text: Add "church" to complete the answer.

answer: The perfect community is a theory of political society.

text: "The perfect community is a theory of political society." - doesn't answer the question of which church. Add "Catholic Church"

refinement: The perfect community is a theory of political society.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

To which ancient philosopher can this theory be traced?

answer: Aristotle.

answer: Aristotle.

answer: Aristotle, specifically Politics, book I

text: "specifically Politics, book I" - is superfluous information that can be deleted

answer: Aristotle.

answer: Aristotle.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does this philosophy teach?

answer: The _communitas perfecta_ or "perfect community" teaches that the church is a self-sufficient group with all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its goal of the universal salvation of mankind.

text: Remove all _

refinement: The communitas perfecta or "perfect community" teaches that the church is a self-sufficient group with all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its goal of the universal salvation of mankind.

answer: The doctrine teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.

text: "which already" - change (pronoun) to "that already"

refinement: The doctrine teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.

answer: The _communitas perfecta_ doctrine asserts that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of universal salvation. This doctrine was originally developed as a theory of political society and is also referred to as the "perfect community". In post-conciliar Catholic theology, it is discussed mainly by theologians and academics.

text:
"which already" - replace with "that already"
remove all _

refinement: The communitas perfecta doctrine asserts that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of universal salvation. This doctrine was originally developed as a theory of political society and is also referred to as the "perfect community". In post-conciliar Catholic theology, it is discussed mainly by theologians and academics.

answer: It teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.

text: "which already" - replace with "that already"

refinement: It teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.

answer: That the Church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all of the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal.

text: "which already" - replace with "that already"

refinement: That the Church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all of the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal.

text: "to achieve its overall goal" - must mention what this goal is " the universal salvation of mankind."

refinement: That the Church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all of the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal, which is the universal salvation of mankind.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Communitas perfecta is the Latin term for "perfect community". The terms refers to the Roman Catholic idea of the self-sufficient nature of church, and the independent group that has all the necessary conditions to achieve its overall goal of the salvation of mankind. The context of the theory is ecclesiological, canonical, and political. The doctrine made the church independent of states and secular structures, influencing church–state relations and providing a theoretical basis for the legislative powers of the Church in the philosophy of canon law.

text: "The terms refers to the Roman Catholic idea of the self-sufficient nature of church, and the independent group that has all the necessary conditions to achieve its overall goal of the salvation of mankind." - change "terms" to "term", remove the comma in "church," and add a "the" before "church"

refinement:
Communitas perfecta is the Latin term for "perfect community".
The term refers to the Roman Catholic idea of the self-sufficient nature of the church and the independent group that has all the necessary conditions to achieve its overall goal of the salvation of mankind.
The context of the theory is ecclesiological, canonical, and political.
The doctrine made the church independent of states and secular structures, influencing church-state relations and providing a theoretical basis for the legislative powers of the Church in the philosophy of canon law.

answer: The doctrine of the perfect community argues that the church, since it has all the resources it needs to achieve its goal of universal salvation, is already a self-sufficient body. The origins of this idea can be traced to Aristotle's theories about the polis, or state, which is self-sufficient because it can attain its goal better than any lesser parts of the community. The idea was later adopted by the magisterium of Pius IX, who mentioned it in his encyclical _Immortale Dei_. However in the modern era, the doctrine is rarely discussed by theologians.

text: "The doctrine of the perfect community argues that the church, since it has all the resources it needs to achieve its goal of universal salvation, is already a self-sufficient body." - rewrite for clarity.

refinement:
The doctrine of the perfect community argues that since the church has all the resources it needs to achieve its goal of universal salvation, it is already a self-sufficient body.
The origins of this idea can be traced to Aristotle's theories about the polis, or state, which is self-sufficient because it can attain its goal better than any lesser parts of the community.
The idea was later adopted by the magisterium of Pius IX, who mentioned it in his encyclical _Immortale Dei_.
However in the modern era, the doctrine is rarely discussed by theologians.

text: "lesser parts" - change "parts" to "part"

refinement:
The doctrine of the perfect community argues that since the church has all the resources it needs to achieve its goal of universal salvation, it is already a self-sufficient body.
The origins of this idea can be traced to Aristotle's theories about the polis, or state, which is self-sufficient because it can attain its goal better than any lesser part of the community.
The idea was later adopted by the magisterium of Pius IX, who mentioned it in his encyclical _Immortale Dei_.
However in the modern era, the doctrine is rarely discussed by theologians.

text:
"However" - Add a comma
Remove all _ (in _Immortale Dei_)

refinement:
The doctrine of the perfect community argues that since the church has all the resources it needs to achieve its goal of universal salvation, it is already a self-sufficient body.
The origins of this idea can be traced to Aristotle's theories about the polis, or state, which is self-sufficient because it can attain its goal better than any lesser part of the community.
The idea was later adopted by the magisterium of Pius IX, who mentioned it in his encyclical Immortale Dei.
However, in the modern era, the doctrine is rarely discussed by theologians.

answer: Communitas perfecta is a Latin name given to one of several ecclesiological, canonical, and political theories of the Catholic Church. It teaches that the church is a self reliant, or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind. This belief was first developed by Aristotle, then developed during the medieval period. Pope Paul VI reaffirmed this belief in a 1969 _motu proprio_.

text: "self reliant" - add a hyphen

refinement:
Communitas perfecta is a Latin name given to one of several ecclesiological, canonical, and political theories of the Catholic Church.
It teaches that the church is a self-reliant, or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind. This belief was first developed by Aristotle, then developed during the medieval period. Pope Paul VI reaffirmed this belief in a 1969 _motu proprio_.

text: Remove all _ (_motu proprio_)

refinement:
Communitas perfecta is a Latin name given to one of several ecclesiological, canonical, and political theories of the Catholic Church.
It teaches that the church is a self-reliant, or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.
This belief was first developed by Aristotle, then developed during the medieval period.
Pope Paul VI reaffirmed this belief in a 1969 motu proprio.

answer: Communitas perfecta refers to the doctrine teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind. It can be traced to the philosophy of Aristotle, who described the Polis--the city-state--as a whole made of several imperfect parts, i.e. the consummation of natural communities such as the family and the village. The community can attain a perfect happiness together better than any more singular parts.

text: "Communitas perfecta refers to the doctrine teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group which already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind. " - add "that" to "teaches" and replace "which already" with "that already"

refinement:
Communitas perfecta refers to the doctrine that teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.
It can be traced to the philosophy of Aristotle, who described the Polis--the city-state--as a whole made of several imperfect parts, i.e. the consummation of natural communities such as the family and the village.
The community can attain a perfect happiness together better than any more singular parts.

text: "a perfect" - remove "a"

refinement:
Communitas perfecta refers to the doctrine that teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.
It can be traced to the philosophy of Aristotle, who described the Polis--the city-state--as a whole made of several imperfect parts, i.e. the consummation of natural communities such as the family and the village.
The community can attain perfect happiness together better than any more singular parts.

text: Did not meet the 4-sentence summary requirement. Add one more sentence.

refinement:
Communitas perfecta refers to the doctrine that teaches that the church is a self-sufficient or independent group that already has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of the universal salvation of mankind.
It can be traced to the philosophy of Aristotle, who described the Polis--the city-state--as a whole made of several imperfect parts, i.e. the consummation of natural communities such as the family and the village.
The community can attain perfect happiness together better than any more singular parts.
This theology was largely overshadowed by the biblical theology of the church as the "mystici corporis Christi" (mystical body of Christ), which began to be more fully developed in the early 20th century and was affirmed by Pope Pius XII in 1943.

answer: The "perfect community" or "perfect society" is a term used to describe a group of people who have all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of universal salvation. It was originally developed as a theory of political society. Since the most sovereign political organization can attain its end better than any of the subordinate parts of the community, it is self-sufficient. This doctrine faded after the Second Vatican Council, replaced by the biblical understanding of the church as the "People of God."

text: "The "perfect community" or "perfect society" is a term used to describe a group of people" - must mention that this is an ecclesiological, canonical, and political theory of the Catholic Church and that the "group of people" mentioned is the church.

refinement:
The "perfect community" or "perfect society" is one of several ecclesiological, canonical, and political theories of the Catholic Church that teaches that the church has all the necessary resources and conditions to achieve its overall goal of universal salvation.
It was originally developed as a theory of political society.
Since the most sovereign political organization can attain its end better than any of the subordinate parts of the community, it is self-sufficient. This doctrine faded after the Second Vatican Council, replaced by the biblical understanding of the church as the "People of God."


text:
CARL CHEFFERS (born July 22, 1960) is an American football official in the National Football League (NFL) since the 2000 NFL season, who wears uniform number 51.[1]

Personal life

Carl Cheffers is married and has two children.[2] Cheffers's father also was a football official and worked in the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10).[3][4]

Officiating career

As a college student, Cheffers became interested in officiating through his father, and decided to work intramural sports to make additional income.[5] Enjoying the experience of student sports, he sought assistance from his father to officiate high school football games to begin a career.[6] Starting in 1980, he worked several high school playoff games, and two high school championship games.[7] By 1995, Cheffers began officiating in the Pac-10 where he worked for five seasons before being hired by the NFL.[8] During this time, he also worked in the Western Athletic Conference.[9]

Since entering the NFL, Cheffers has worked as a side judge, most recently on the crew headed by referee Larry Nemmers.[10] Cheffers was promoted to referee (crew chief) beginning with the 2008 NFL season following the retirement of Nemmers and referee Gerald Austin.[11]

In his promotion to referee, NFL officiating director Mike Pereira said of Cheffers, “Carl has been extremely successful on the field as a side judge. He is very knowledgeable of the rules, a good rules guy. Strong presence. He was part of Larry Nemmers' crew and he was clearly a crew leader. When we first saw Carl, we saw referee experience from him even though he had refereed basically at the small-college level.”[12]

In 2010, Cheffers refereed a game between the Dallas Cowboys and Houston Texans, during which there was a convoluted play on a Texans' kickoff return in the 4th quarter that resulted in multiple offsetting penalties. Cheffers struggled to clearly announce the outcome of the play and the penalties, resulting in a memorable and humorous moment for the announcers and fans.[13]

Cheffers was selected to be the alternate referee of Super Bowl XLIX, which was played at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona on February 1, 2015.[14]

In December 2015, Cheffers refereed the game between the Detroit Lions and Green Bay Packers, which resulted in the “Miracle in Motown” play.[15]

On February 5, 2017, Cheffers was the referee for Super Bowl LI in Houston, between the New England Patriots and the Atlanta Falcons, which was the first (and remains the only) Super Bowl to be decided in an overtime period. New England won the game 34–28.[16][17] Previously during that same postseason, he had refereed the game between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Kansas City Chiefs and was criticized by players for calling a holding penalty on Chiefs offensive tackle Eric Fisher during a crucial two-point conversion attempt, which resulted in the Steelers winning 18-16. Pereira supported the call.[18]

Cheffers' 2020 NFL officiating crew consists of umpire Mark Pellis, down judge Danny Short, line judge Jeff Seeman, field judge Nate Jones, side judge Eugene Hall, back judge Matt Edwards, replay official Billy Smith, and replay assistant Andrew Lambert.[19]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

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[19]

title: Carl Cheffers

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are some of the criticisms leveled at Carl Cheffers as an NFL referee?

answer: He was criticized by players for calling a holding penalty on Chiefs offensive tackle Eric Fisher during a crucial two-point conversion attempt in the 2016-17 NFL postseason.

answer: Carl Cheffers was criticized for his call of a holding penalty on Chiefs' offensive lineman Eric Fisher on a two point conversion attempt. The call resulted in the Steelers winning 18-16.

answer: Carl Cheffers was criticized by players for calling a holding penalty on Chiefs offensive tackle Eric Fisher during a crucial two-point conversion attempt in the 2016-17 NFL postseason.

answer: He is criticized for making mistakes accommodating the rules, calling incorrect penalties. He was also called out for allowing a controversial pass interference call.

text: Cheffers was never criticized for allowing a pass interference call.

refinement: He is criticized for making mistakes accommodating the rules, calling incorrect penalties.

text: Including the dates of the referenced incidents would have made the response a lot more accurate.

refinement: During the 2016-2017 Super Bowl season, Cheffers was criticized for making mistakes accommodating the rules, calling a holding penalty against the Cheifs offensive tackle Eric Fischer, which resulted in Steeler winning 18-16.

answer: He is criticized for making mistakes and calling incorrect penalties. He was also called out for allowing a controversial pass interference call.