text:
Do you ever feel uncomfortable talking about your period? British jewelry designer Lili Murphy-Johnson doesn't want you to. On a mission to shut down the notion that periods are offensive and taboo, she created a whole line of jewelry inspired by menstruation.

Murphy-Johnson created this collection with hopes of encouraging women to wear their periods proudly; after all, they're a completely normal process of womanhood. Her sparkly red collection of bejeweled necklaces, bracelets, pins, and rings celebrate the beauty of menstruation.

[]

Lili Murphy-Johnson

Her line of crystal-encrusted handmade pieces (priced from $38 to $1,265) is broken up into three different stages of periods: Her necklaces represent the hormonal pain and mood swings that come along with PMS; other accessories look like period products (pads, tampons, etc.), like her rings that are shaped like panty liners; her pins and brooches represent the blood itself.

[]

Lili Murphy-Johnson

The 23-year-old received her bachelor's degree in jewelry design at Central Saint Martins in London and shared all the reasons she created this chic AF collection around periods with Cosmopolitan.com.

MENSTRUATION IS REALLY HAVING A MOMENT RIGHT NOW AND WOMEN ARE FEELING LESS ASHAMED ABOUT THE FACT THAT THEY HAVE PERIODS. WHAT INSPIRED YOU TO CREATE THIS COLLECTION?

I'm just really interested in the way periods are seen as so taboo. When you look at the reality of it, it's quite a strange thing to be ashamed of. With my collection, I was interested in how I could continue to develop and explore menstruation. It's something that I've always found quite inspiring and full of opportunities to design around.

[]

Lilli Murphy-Johnson

DO YOU HAVE PERSONAL EXPERIENCES WITH YOUR PERIOD THAT REALLY PUSHED YOU TO CREATE A MOVEMENT AROUND THIS?

I get premenstrual stress quite badly a few days before my period. I'll find it really hard to even concentrate or think without feeling depressed and anxious all the time. When I was designing before my period, I'd find it so difficult to have any ideas because of the way I was feeling. Designing this collection made dealing with my actual feelings easier to work through. I find it quite therapeutic and a nice way to replicate how I was feeling into creating designs.

[]

Lili Murphy-Johnson

[]

Lilli Murphy-Johnson

ETSY BANNED YOUR LINE FROM THEIR WEBSITE BECAUSE THEY VIEWED YOUR IMAGES AS INAPPROPRIATE. SIMILAR THINGS HAVE HAPPENED WITH OTHER CREATIVE PROJECTS SURROUNDING PERIODS AS WELL, LIKE WHEN RUPI KAUR CREATED A PERIOD PHOTO SERIES THAT WAS BANNED FROM INSTAGRAM. WERE YOU SURPRISED WHEN ETSY BANNED YOUR LINE?

I was surprised because I didn't think my work was at all offensive. Even if you didn't like it, I didn't think it was something that should be banned. I felt like I was being told that I was doing something wrong or that I'd done something disgusting, forcing people to look at something they shouldn't have to, which annoyed me. I know that wasn't true. I was mostly surprised they reacted like that and that they didn't let me sell my jewelry.

[]

Lili Murphy-Johnson

WHAT DO YOU THINK IT IS ABOUT PERIODS IN GENERAL THAT OFFENDS PEOPLE STILL?

I don't know! I think if you have a conversation with people, they usually end up agreeing that periods aren't a big deal. But I think that if people haven't been having those kinds of conversations, they automatically think it's bad, wrong, and gross. It's just what most people are brought up to think and what society generally makes you feel like about periods unless you question it.

[]

Lili Murphy-Johnson

HOW DO YOU WANT WOMEN TO FEEL WHEN WEARING YOUR JEWELRY?

I want them to feel like they have more control on what people know about periods. They aren't something that happens on accident. I want this to be something that they actually choose to show, reclaim, and say, "Yeah, I have periods. Everyone does and this is my jewelry." People are constantly making comments about women's bodies as being beautiful but things like body hair and periods aren't classically seen as such. For some reason, it's seen as so gross, which is the complete opposite, and it's very strange.

[]

Lilli Murphy-Johnson

[]

Lilli Murphy-Johnson

WHAT'S NEXT FOR YOU?

At the moment, I'm trying to make more wearable versions of some of my pieces. I'm trying to make pieces that are more affordable. I'm also wanting to make another collection, with a different topic. I'm still in the research process, but I'm very interested in human bodies, and the awkward parts of it that aren't always appreciated or noticed.

[]

Lilli Murphy-Johnson

WHAT DO YOU WANT TO SAY TO ALL THOSE PEOPLE WHO THINK YOUR JEWELRY IS GROSS AND TABOO?

Don't judge it too quickly. They should think about what menstruation actually is and what my jewelry is saying. Is it really that wrong? Does it really need to be something that you're offended by? It's simply the reflection of my experiences with periods.

_Get non-boring fashion and beauty news directly in your feed. Follow Facebook.com/CosmoBeauty._

FOLLOW MAYA ON INSTAGRAM AND TWITTER.

Maya Allen Fashion and Beauty Assistant I’m Maya, Cosmpolitan.com’s fashion and beauty assistant.

This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Lily Murphy-Johnson's motivations for her menstruation-inspired line of jewelry?

answer: Murphy-Johnson created this line of jewelry with the hope of encouraging women to wear their menstruation proudly, as it is a normal process of womanhood. She wanted to continue to explore menstruation, and her pieces were meant to be reflections of her personal experiences with PMS and menstruation.

answer: Lily Murphy-Johnson said she was interested in giving women the chance to wear their periods proudly. She celebrates the beauty of menstruation and believes it is a normal part of being a woman. She describes her collection as "a very feminist project."

text: The article doesn't contain the phrase "a very feminist project". The answer could instead mention that Murphy-Johnson had a lot of trouble with pre-menstrual stress and found it relaxing to design around that.

refinement: Lily Murphy-Johnson said she was interested in giving women the chance to wear their periods proudly. She celebrates the beauty of menstruation and believes it is a normal part of being a woman. She says she had a lot of trouble with pre-menstrual stress and found it relaxing to design around that.

answer: To encourage women to wear their periods proudly and to help women feel less ashamed about their periods by eliminating the negative connotations surrounding them, Murphy-Johnson believes. The line was designed to celebrate menstruation and to help women work through their feelings without fully experiencing them. She wished to express a sentiment of empowerment and expanding choices of expression when it comes to menstruation. The jewelry is meant to help people understand that women have periods not because of something wrong with their body.

text: "To encourage women to wear their periods proudly and to help women feel less ashamed about their periods by eliminating the negative connotations surrounding them, Murphy-Johnson believes." Murphy-Johnson doesn't say she's trying to eliminate negative connotations around periods. She just wants women to be comfortable around the subject.

refinement: To encourage women to wear their periods proudly and to help women feel less ashamed about their periods. The line was designed to celebrate menstruation and to help women work through their feelings without fully experiencing them. She wished to express a sentiment of empowerment and expanding choices of expression when it comes to menstruation. The jewelry is meant to help people understand that women have periods not because of something wrong with their body.

text: The following sentence should be removed because it's confusing and redundant: "The line was designed to celebrate menstruation and to help women work through their feelings without fully experiencing them."

refinement: To encourage women to wear their periods proudly and to help women feel less ashamed about their periods. She wished to express a sentiment of empowerment and expanding choices of expression when it comes to menstruation. The jewelry is meant to help people understand that women have periods not because of something wrong with their body.

text: The phrasing is awkward. It should be clearer about expressing that the jewelry is meant to express periods are normal.

refinement: To encourage women to wear their periods proudly and to help women feel less ashamed about their periods. She wished to express a sentiment of empowerment and expanding choices of expression when it comes to menstruation. The jewelry is meant to help people understand that women have periods, not because of something wrong with their bodies, but because it's a part of human nature.

answer: Lily Murphy-Johnson is motivated by the fact that women should not be ashamed about their periods. Her mission is to shut down the notion that periods are taboo and offensive. By creating a jewelry line inspired by menstruation, she hopes to encourage women to wear their periods proudly because they are a completely normal process of womanhood. Murphy-Johnson wants women to feel like they have more control on what people know about periods.

answer: Lili Murphy-Johnson created her menstruation-inspired line of jewelry to encourage women to proudly wear their periods and to challenge the notions that periods are taboo or disgusting. She wanted to shift society's perspective on periods so they are seen as the normal bodily function they actually are. Her goal is to give women more control over what is known about periods and to break down the taboos surrounding them.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Murphy-Johnson's new jewelry collection?

answer: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. For her, it's a wondrous human, so Murphy-Johnson wanted to take up this challenge and showcase this menstruation. She found ways to bring attention to it, such as making jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons and menstrual blood. She hopes this makes it easier for her to work through her issues. Now, there's fewer misconceptions about the shocking things period blood is for.

text: "For her, it's a wondrous human, so Murphy-Johnson wanted to take up this challenge and showcase this menstruation." This sentence is phrased awkwardly, especially the "wondrous human" part. It should be re-worded to express Murphy-Johnson wanted to showcase menstruation through her work.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She found ways to bring attention to it, such as making jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons and menstrual blood. She hopes this makes it easier for her to work through her issues. Now, there's fewer misconceptions about the shocking things period blood is for.

text: "She found ways to bring attention to it, such as making jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons and menstrual blood." The first half of this sentence is redundant. It should be re-worded to express what designs Murphy-Johnson made for her jewelry line.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She designed jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons and menstrual blood. She hopes this makes it easier for her to work through her issues. Now, there's fewer misconceptions about the shocking things period blood is for.

text: The last sentence of the answer is inaccurate and unnecessary. It should be removed.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She designed jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons and menstrual blood. She hopes this makes it easier for her to work through her issues.

text: "She hopes this makes it easier for her to work through her issues." This sentence is inaccurate. Murphy-Johnson expresses that her menstruation-related jewelry designs helped her with pre-menstrual stress.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She designed jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons and menstrual blood. Murphy-Johnson expresses that her menstruation-related jewelry designs helped her with pre-menstrual stress.

text: Missing comma before "and."

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She designed jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons, and menstrual blood. Murphy-Johnson expresses that her menstruation-related jewelry designs helped her with pre-menstrual stress.

text: The answer omits that Murphy-Johnson's menstruation-related jewelry was banned on Etsy.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. Despite this, it's still seen as taboo. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She designed jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons, and menstrual blood. Murphy-Johnson expresses that her menstruation-related jewelry designs helped her with pre-menstrual stress. Her jewelry was banned on Etsy for containing inappropriate images.

text: This sentence isn't needed for the answer to make sense: "Despite this, it's still seen as taboo." It can be removed for brevity.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson created this collection with the hope of encouraging women to proudly wear their periods. She noticed that menstruation is a normal process of womanhood and that it's a necessary process. So she wanted to showcase menstruation through her jewelry. She designed jewelry that looks like menstrual pads, tampons, and menstrual blood. Murphy-Johnson expresses that her menstruation-related jewelry designs helped her with pre-menstrual stress. Her jewelry was banned on Etsy for containing inappropriate images.

answer: The 23-year-old received her bachelor's degree in jewelry design at Central Saint Martins (London).The article mentions that Murphy-Johnson created her jewelracy in order to express how menstruation is! She's on a mission to break down the idea of menstruation being offensive and taboo. She created a collection inspired by menstruation, showing that it's a completely normal process of womanhood. Her collection is priced from $38 to $1,265. The 23-year-old was shocked that a retailer banned her work. Instagram also banned her work at that time.

text: Murphy-Johnson's education is irrelevant to the question. It should be removed.

refinement: The article mentions that Murphy-Johnson created her jewelracy in order to express how menstruation is! She's on a mission to break down the idea of menstruation being offensive and taboo. She created a collection inspired by menstruation, showing that it's a completely normal process of womanhood. Her collection is priced from $38 to $1,265. The 23-year-old was shocked that a retailer banned her work. Instagram also banned her work at that time.

text: "Jewelry" is misspelled in the first sentence.

refinement: The article mentions that Murphy-Johnson created her jewelry in order to express how menstruation is! She's on a mission to break down the idea of menstruation being offensive and taboo. She created a collection inspired by menstruation, showing that it's a completely normal process of womanhood. Her collection is priced from $38 to $1,265. The 23-year-old was shocked that a retailer banned her work. Instagram also banned her work at that time.

text: The author of the jewelry line wanted to express that menstruation is normal, and women should be able to proudly acknowledge that. Her intention wasn't to express "how menstruation is!"

refinement: The article mentions that Murphy-Johnson created her jewelry in order to express menstruation is a normal process women should acknowledge proudly. She's on a mission to break down the idea of menstruation being offensive and taboo. She created a collection inspired by menstruation, showing that it's a completely normal process of womanhood. Her collection is priced from $38 to $1,265. The 23-year-old was shocked that a retailer banned her work. Instagram also banned her work at that time.

text: "She created a collection inspired by menstruation, showing that it's a completely normal process of womanhood." This sentence is redundant. It should be replaced with what the designs are like.

refinement: The article mentions that Murphy-Johnson created her jewelry in order to express menstruation is a normal process women should acknowledge proudly. She's on a mission to break down the idea of menstruation being offensive and taboo. Her jewelry line consists of period-product accessories, rings shaped like panty liners, etc. Her collection is priced from $38 to $1,265. The 23-year-old was shocked that a retailer banned her work. Instagram also banned her work at that time.

text: The banned work at Instagram wasn't Murphy-Johnson's jewelry. It was someone else's work, which is irrelevant to the question. The sentence about Instagram should be removed.

refinement: The article mentions that Murphy-Johnson created her jewelry in order to express menstruation is a normal process women should acknowledge proudly. She's on a mission to break down the idea of menstruation being offensive and taboo. Her jewelry line consists of period-product accessories, rings shaped like panty liners, etc. Her collection is priced from $38 to $1,265. The 23-year-old was shocked that a retailer banned her work.

answer: The text says that Murphy-Johnson created her new jewelry collection in order to encourage women to embrace menstruation as normal. She believes periods are something that deserve to be celebrated, rather than hidden away or made shameful. The jewelry collection includes pieces, such as necklaces, pins, and rings that are elaborately decorated and in the shapes of common menstrual products. Murphy-Johnsons argues that menstruation is something that should not be considered offensive or taboo.

text: The answer omits that Murphy-Johnson's work was banned at Etsy.

refinement: The text says that Murphy-Johnson created her new jewelry collection in order to encourage women to embrace menstruation as normal. She believes periods are something that deserve to be celebrated, rather than hidden away or made shameful. The jewelry collection includes pieces, such as necklaces, pins, and rings that are elaborately decorated and in the shapes of common menstrual products. Murphy-Johnsons argues that menstruation is something that should not be considered offensive or taboo. She was shocked that her jewelry line was banned at Etsy for containing inappropriate images.

text: "Murphy-Johnsons argues that menstruation is something that should not be considered offensive or taboo." This sentence is redundant and should be removed.

refinement: The text says that Murphy-Johnson created her new jewelry collection in order to encourage women to embrace menstruation as normal. She believes periods are something that deserve to be celebrated, rather than hidden away or made shameful. The jewelry collection includes pieces, such as necklaces, pins, and rings that are elaborately decorated and in the shapes of common menstrual products. She was shocked that her jewelry line was banned at Etsy for containing inappropriate images.

text: The answer omits the pricing of the jewelry line.

refinement: The text says that Murphy-Johnson created her new jewelry collection in order to encourage women to embrace menstruation as normal. She believes periods are something that deserve to be celebrated, rather than hidden away or made shameful. The jewelry collection includes pieces, such as necklaces, pins, and rings that are elaborately decorated and in the shapes of common menstrual products. She was shocked that her jewelry line was banned at Etsy for containing inappropriate images. The pieces range in price from $38 to $1265.

text: "something that deserve" should be "something that deserves"

refinement: The text says that Murphy-Johnson created her new jewelry collection in order to encourage women to embrace menstruation as normal. She believes periods are something that deserves to be celebrated, rather than hidden away or made shameful. The jewelry collection includes pieces, such as necklaces, pins, and rings that are elaborately decorated and in the shapes of common menstrual products. She was shocked that her jewelry line was banned at Etsy for containing inappropriate images. The pieces range in price from $38 to $1265.

answer: The jewelry collection is based on menstruation and intended to celebrate periods. Murphy-Johnson created the collection in hopes of encouraging women to wear their periods proudly, since menstruation is a completely normal process of womanhood. She was surprised when Ecstasy banned her line, since the pieces in her collection were not seen as offensive, but rather therapeutic. Moreover, she wants women to feel more empowered about their menstruation by wearing her jewelry.

text: The retailer that banned Murphy-Johnson's work is Etsy, not Ecstasy.

refinement: The jewelry collection is based on menstruation and intended to celebrate periods. Murphy-Johnson created the collection in hopes of encouraging women to wear their periods proudly, since menstruation is a completely normal process of womanhood. She was surprised when Etsy banned her line, since the pieces in her collection were not seen as offensive, but rather therapeutic. Moreover, she wants women to feel more empowered about their menstruation by wearing her jewelry.

text: Etsy banned her work for containing inappropriate imagery. The answer misrepresents the reason for the ban.

refinement: The jewelry collection is based on menstruation and intended to celebrate periods. Murphy-Johnson created the collection in hopes of encouraging women to wear their periods proudly, since menstruation is a completely normal process of womanhood. She was surprised when Etsy banned her line for containing inappropriate imagery. Moreover, she wants women to feel more empowered about their menstruation by wearing her jewelry.

text: An "is" is missing before "intended to celebrate" and there's an extra comma after "proudly".

refinement: The jewelry collection is based on menstruation and is intended to celebrate periods. Murphy-Johnson created the collection in hopes of encouraging women to wear their periods proudly since menstruation is a completely normal process of womanhood. She was surprised when Etsy banned her line for containing inappropriate imagery. Moreover, she wants women to feel more empowered about their menstruation by wearing her jewelry.

text: The answer can also contain what the jewelry is like and the prices.

refinement: The jewelry collection is based on menstruation and is intended to celebrate periods. Murphy-Johnson created the collection in hopes of encouraging women to wear their periods proudly since menstruation is a completely normal process of womanhood. She was surprised when Etsy banned her line for containing inappropriate imagery. Moreover, she wants women to feel more empowered about their menstruation by wearing her jewelry. The pieces depicting menstrual products, panty lines, etc. are priced from $38 to $1265.

answer: Murphy-Johnson designed a new jewelry collection inspired by what women go through during menstruation. She created an entire sparkly red line of bejeweled necklaces, bracelets, pins, and rings to celebrate the beauty of menstruation. The collection of crystal-encrusted handmade pieces are priced from $38 to $1,265 and is broken up into three different stages of periods. Her necklaces represent the hormonal pain and mood swings that come with PMS. Other accessories look like period products (pads, tampons), rings are shaped like panty liners, and her pins and brooches represent the blood itself.

text: The answer omits that Murphy-Johnson's work was banned at Etsy.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson designed a new jewelry collection inspired by what women go through during menstruation. She created an entire sparkly red line of bejeweled necklaces, bracelets, pins, and rings to celebrate the beauty of menstruation. The collection of crystal-encrusted handmade pieces are priced from $38 to $1,265 and is broken up into three different stages of periods. Her necklaces represent the hormonal pain and mood swings that come with PMS. Other accessories look like period products (pads, tampons), rings are shaped like panty liners, and her pins and brooches represent the blood itself. Her work was banned on Etsy for containing inappropriate imagery.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Murphy-Johnson's issues with Etsy?

answer: Etsy banned the jewelry for being inappropriate for the online site's audience. Murphy-Johnson didn't understand herself why Etsy banned her work.

text: The answer can further elaborate on Murphy-Johnson's reaction to being banned on Etsy. It can mention how it made her feel.

refinement: Etsy banned the jewelry for being inappropriate for the online site's audience. Murphy-Johnson didn't understand herself why Etsy banned her work. She was surprised in addition to feeling like she'd done something disgusting, which she found annoying.

answer: Murphy-Johnson was surprised that Etsy banned her line of jewelry from their website. She believes that this line should not be seen as offensive or inappropriate. She wants women to feel more comfortable in publicly wearing jewelry that celebrates menstruation.

answer: Etsy banned Murphy-Johnson's menstruation-inspired jewelry collection from their website because they viewed the images as inappropriate. She was surprised because she didn't think her work was offensive at all and that it should not have been banned. Murphy-Johnson feels like Etsy is telling her she did something wrong and disgusting, forcing people to look at something they shouldn't have to, which annoyed her.

answer: Murphy-Johnson was surprised and offended when her line of jewelry was banned from Etsy for being inappropriate. She argues that the jewelry is a reflection of her experiences with menstruation, and she sees it as unjust that it is seen as inappropriate or offensive. Murphy-Johnson feels that Etsy should have let her sell her jewelry.

text: Murphy-Johnson doesn't see the implications of the ban as "unjust." She says she found it annoying.

refinement: Murphy-Johnson was surprised and offended when her line of jewelry was banned from Etsy for being inappropriate. She argues that the jewelry is a reflection of her experiences with menstruation, and she finds it annoying that it is seen as inappropriate or offensive. Murphy-Johnson feels that Etsy should have let her sell her jewelry.

answer: Etsy banned Murphy-Johnson's line of jewelry inspired by menstruation. They found her images to be inappropriate. This is not the first incident with Etsy. They've also banned pictures of menstruation. Murphy-Johnson's predecessors in the industry, like Rupi Kaur who created a period photo series that was banned from Instagram, have also ran into many issues like this.

text: Rupi Kaur's work has no relation to the question. The related sentence should be removed from the answer.

refinement: Etsy banned Murphy-Johnson's line of jewelry inspired by menstruation. They found her images to be inappropriate. This is not the first incident with Etsy. They've also banned pictures of menstruation.

text: "They've also banned pictures of menstruation." This sentence is somewhat misleading and redundant. It should be removed.

refinement: Etsy banned Murphy-Johnson's line of jewelry inspired by menstruation. They found her images to be inappropriate. This is not the first incident with Etsy.

text: The article doesn't mention more than one incident about Etsy.

refinement: Etsy banned Murphy-Johnson's line of jewelry inspired by menstruation. They found her images to be inappropriate.

text: The answer omits Murphy-Johnson's reaction to the ban on Etsy.

refinement: Etsy banned Murphy-Johnson's line of jewelry inspired by menstruation. They found her images to be inappropriate. She argues that the jewelry is a reflection of her experiences with menstruation, and she finds it annoying that it is seen as inappropriate or offensive. Murphy-Johnson feels that Etsy should have let her sell her jewelry.


split: train

text:
In this new age, technology was expanding at a rate that we could hardly comprehend. At the turn of a new decade, we ventured into space once more. By half a century, we had expanded beyond our Mother Earths loving arms, into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. Eyes settled on asteroids, and on Jupiter. Wealths of knowledge and resources lay in wait. Our greed, and our ignorance was immeasurable. Humanity established new industries, and individuals rose into great power.

In all of our prosperity, and all of our progress, we could not free ourselves from the shackles of belief. There were those that opposed the progress. They warned against returning to the void beyond our world. They spoke out against our settlement of foreign worlds. We did not listen. We shunned these malcontent individuals. We blissfully exploited our home solar system for decades. We had no idea...

We had no idea how wrong we were, to ignore the warnings of our brothers. No idea at all.

At the turn of the century, progress began to stabilize. We established the first actual cities on Mars, and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan. Our society was as united as it had ever been. War was a thing of the past. The last conflict had been settled early in the previous century. We grew complacent. We truly believed we had ascended beyond conflict entirely. We fancied ourselves a generation of scholars. We could not comprehend the magnitude of our folly. Nobody could predict that the reality that we had created for ourselves was so fragile.

In the second decade of this new century, we received a signal unlike any we had ever received, save for one, late in a previous century, for a mere moment. It was directed, sustained, and clear. We were being observed. We had always been observed. These forces beyond comprehension settled eyes on us. We expected tides of praise, of commendation for our progress towards peace, and prosperity. These hopes were shattered. These observers condemned us. They damned us for all of our faults. Our strife, our hatred of old. Our abuse of the mother that so thanklessly gave us life, and held us up. They spat upon our feeble veil of progress. We pleaded for answers, but all words fell upon unhearing ears.

One final transmission came to us. It came in the form of a single sentence. And that one, solitary sentence was delivered to all men, and all women, and all children. No eyes failed to see this message. They delivered this unto us, and brought down all that we worked so hard for.

"Your time has come to an end."

Our panic was like no panic before. We knew not how long we had. We knew not how we would prepare. We awoke a beast within ourselves that had long been slumbering, deep in our psyche. That brotherhood of prophets that had warned us, pleaded to us to forgo the stars, rose up once more. They heralded the end of us. They spoke down upon us and damned us, and gave us no forgiveness. We smote them from the soil, and the sky, and the void. We removed them utterly. We erupted into a broiling projection of desperation. We constructed machines of strife. Factories that lay dormant for generations were stirred. We forged the instruments of death once again.

For ten decades, we prepared. We were directed, and determined. We were furious, that some entity shall so easily dismiss everything we worked towards. We made ready, for generations. All of our progress was directed into a speartip, ready to be thrust into the heart of this beast that was now at our doorstep. We massed these vessels of our anger. All souls capable were enlisted, and all those prepared did lead. These armies of Man marched towards the gates of Oblivion, to meet their judgment.

And lo did these Men march, in their ships, and with their weapons in hand. They would meet this force that made itself their enemy, and would dash them from the very universe. And so meet them they did, these Judges, in the space between Giants, in the far reaches of our solar system. They met them with teeth bared, and weapons made ready. They borne unto them stars of solar fury, and lances of broiling hatred, and rattling flames of absolute wrath. They spilled upon this enemy their discontent. For days, they did do battle with these Judges, and for days, it would appear that they were to be victorious.

On the first and second day, they met them in space. They barraged those dark vessels, and those reaching tendrils of doom with nuclear detestation, and ionized beams of abhorrence. They smote them from the void with such ease. Surely these cannot be those who damned them a century ago. With great eagerness, they drove their campaign on, and such this enemy crashed at their gates without relent.

On the third and fourth day, they met them aboard their ships, and on the surface of moons, as this enemy began to gain foothold on our beloved solar system. They did battle furiously, bringing devastation upon this crepuscular foe in great volumes, fearing nothing as they did battle. Surely they can deliver their fellows from this great nightmare that seethed at them. With no amount of trepidation, they committed these acts of strife.

On the fifth and sixth day, they wove among the tumbling boulders between Mars and Jupiter. Surely this force of Mankinds greatest power shall not be defeated by this foreign foe, this tenebrous animal which thrusts itself against the spear of the warriors. Ships were dashed upon the rocks, and lives vanished among debris without a trace. This great nebulous foe was upon us. Our greatest warriors failed us utterly. Hulls of ships spun in the void of space, smoldering wrecks a testament to our arrogance. Blood of men was spread across a dozen worlds, and across millions of miles of void. Billions of eyes gazed into the sky, and saw the billowing shade that was their reckoning.

On the seventh day, our greatest downfall was upon us. Inky tendrils grasped out towards our worlds, first to Mars. As the dark tentacle reached this crimson planet, the sky flared red, burning away as the surface was cleansed of the lives that had called it home for nearly two centuries. Two billion lives cried out in fear, as their world was scoured by this great evil. This beast consumed the world utterly, sheathing it in a seething blackness for a day. When it passed on, the red planet was dead once more, its surface scorched and black as the force that had consumed it.

As the billowing shade approached humanities last bastion, our leaders cried and pleaded and begged to it for forgiveness. There was no reply. They threatened with nuclear fury, and once again, there was no reply. Finally they begged for an answer. What were they. Their Judge replied to them at last, solemnly "We are your hatred. We are the sins of your fathers."

In our final moments, we gaze upon our finality. We see with our own eyes the true price of our arrogance, and our ignorance, and our strife. All of our crimes against our fellow man led to this moment of great annihilation. As our sky burned away, and one by one our lives were torn from this plane, and as our mortal forms were extinguished, we truly know the cost of Sin. In our transience, we truly know retribution.

The Sins of our Fathers, are visited upon their Sons.

title: [SF] Sins of Our Fathers

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to the progress of society.

answer: Near the turn of the century, progress begins to stabilize. The first cities are established on Mars. By the time the story happens, most of the Moon is settled. Cities on Mars and other moons have inhabitants as well. The last conflict was settled early in the previous century, and war is a thing of the past. The society is as united as it ever has been. The people believe that they have advanced beyond conflict. The decade before the transmission is the same decade where Luna Novis and Aries One have been established.

text: It is not stated that the decade before the transmission is the same decade where Luna Novis and Aries One have been established.

refinement: Near the turn of the century, progress begins to stabilize. The first cities are established on Mars. By the time the story happens, most of the Moon is settled. Cities on Mars and other moons have inhabitants as well. The last conflict was settled early in the previous century, and war is a thing of the past. The society is as united as it ever has been. The people believe that they have advanced beyond conflict.

answer: By the half of the century, humanity ventured into space, into the solar system. They settled on a few moons, such as Luna Novis. Engineering colonies grew up and expanded over multiple cities. All in the lead up to the end. During a time of prosperity, war was a thing of the past. They took pride in their great advances, declaring themselves "a generation of scholars" - but they did not take heed to the warnings of the prophets, out of ignorance and foolish denial. Their society seemed unstoppable, and not even the warning that they were being watched stopped them, or even slowed them down. They knew peace and prosperity was not assured, as they eventually learned when the warnings were realized.

answer: By half a century, humans have established a foothold on Mars with Luna Novis prospering. There is wealth and power to be had in outer space, but the spread of humans has cost drones of life and led to a brewing civil war. A move away from war and conflict and into space started on a peacekeeping mission to ensure that humanity sticks together. Technology is burgeoning and space exploration is exponentially expanding knowledge, space fleets are leaking into different solar systems, humans are building cities and mining methods,  and mining labs.

text: Civil wars are not mentioned.

refinement: By half a century, humans have established a foothold on Mars with Luna Novis prospering. A move away from war and conflict and into space started on a peacekeeping mission to ensure that humanity sticks together. Technology is burgeoning and space exploration is exponentially expanding knowledge, space fleets are leaking into different solar systems, humans are building cities and mining methods,  and mining labs.

answer: Near the turn of the century, progress begins to stabilize. The first cities are established on Mars. By the time the story happens, most of the Moon is settled. Cities on Mars and other moons have inhabitants as well. The last conflict was settled early in the previous century, and war is a thing of the past. The society is as united as it ever has been. The people believe that they have advanced beyond conflict.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about humanity's contact with aliens before the attack?

answer: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the previous century received a signal from the aliens, but humanity dismissed it as a mere anomaly. The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end. On the teventh day, their prophesised doom came and consumed Mars. In the final moments humanity looked on their transience and felt the repercussion of sin.

text: 'On the teventh day, their prophesised doom came and consumed Mars. In the final moments humanity looked on their transience and felt the repercussion of sin.' describes the time after the messages were sent.

refinement: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the previous century received a signal from the aliens, but humanity dismissed it as a mere anomaly. The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end.

text: In the second decade of this new century, not in the previous century.

refinement: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal from the aliens, but humanity dismissed it as a mere anomaly. The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end.

text: I would add that the first message says that they are observed.

refinement: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal from the aliens that tey are observed, but humanity dismissed it as a mere anomaly. The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end.

text: 'as a mere anomaly' is not stated.

refinement: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal from the aliens that tey are observed, but humanity dismissed it. The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end.

text: ' The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end.' is not stated.

refinement: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal from the aliens that they are observed, but humanity dismissed it.

text: It is omitted that they received another message that their time has come to an end.

refinement: For most of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal from the aliens that they are observed, but humanity dismissed it. Later, they received another message that their time has come to an end.

answer: For much of the story humanity lived blissfully unaware that they were being observed by aliens. In the previous century received a signal from the aliens and dismissed it as a mere anomaly. The aliens called them out for their sins, warned them about the dangers of space settlement and foretold that their time was coming to an end. On the teventh day, their prophesised doom came and consumed Mars. In the final moments humanity looked on their transience and felt the repercussion of sin.

answer: On the second decade of the century, humanity received a signal of strange. At the end of the same century, they had a contact with the aliens but it was vague. In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. They had the reason of humanity's sinfulness. The aliens made it clear that the armada was on the way to punish humanity for the sinfulness.

text: 'At the end of the same century, they had a contact with the aliens but it was vague.' is not stated.

refinement: On the second decade of the century, humanity received a signal of strange. In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. They had the reason of humanity's sinfulness. The aliens made it clear that the armada was on the way to punish humanity for the sinfulness.

text: 'On the second decade of the century, humanity received a signal of strange' is repetitive.

refinement: In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. They had the reason of humanity's sinfulness. The aliens made it clear that the armada was on the way to punish humanity for the sinfulness.

text: 'They had the reason of humanity's sinfulness' is irrelevant and repetitive.

refinement: In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. The aliens made it clear that the armada was on the way to punish humanity for the sinfulness.

text: I would add 'later' at the beginning of the second sentence 'They had the reason of humanity's sinfulness'.

refinement: In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. Later, the aliens made it clear that the armada was on the way to punish humanity for the sinfulness.

text: Rather 'their sins' than 'the sinfulness'.

refinement: In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. Later, the aliens made it clear that the armada was on the way to punish humanity for their sins.

answer: At the end of the same century, they had a contact with the aliens but it was vague. No further information about the events is given. In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity.

text: 'At the end of the same century, they had a contact with the aliens but it was vague.' is not stated.

refinement: In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity.

text: It is omitted that they received another message that their time has come to an end.

refinement: In the second decade of the new century, they got a clear signal that aliens were watching humanity. Later, they received another message that their time has come to an end.

answer: During the first decades of the second century, Earth received a single transmission in a century. The author was a man writing a document that describes some of humanity history. And a lot of it is a first-person narrative. This unnamed narrator had a father who spoke to him a lot of discussions involving the aliens. At that time, people didn't know what the aliens looked like. They only knew of one transmission at that time. Ever since the contact, humanity had resolved their differences and created a golden age for all of them. They had truly ascended beyond conflict.

text: 'Earth received a single transmission in a century. The author was a man writing a document that describes some of humanity history. And a lot of it is a first-person narrative. This unnamed narrator had a father who spoke to him a lot of discussions involving the aliens. At that time, people didn't know what the aliens looked like. They only knew of one transmission at that time. Ever since the contact, humanity had resolved their differences and created a golden age for all of them. They had truly ascended beyond conflict.' is not stated.

text: It is omitted that in the second decade of this new century, they received a signal that they were being observed.

refinement: In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal that they were being observed.

text: It is omitted that they received another message that their time has come to an end.

refinement: In the second decade of this new century, they received a signal that they were being observed. Later, they received another message that their time has come to an end.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about space exploration?

answer: Space exploration is a main plot point in the story, as humanity expands into space starting with the first moon landing in the 70s or 80s. Space exploration also helps reveal that humanity has been observed. After the civilization receives a message from these "observers" proclaiming "the time has come to an end" this civilization responds with force, preparing for more than a decade to fight what they believe to be their enemy.

text: 'in the 70s or 80s' is not stated.

refinement: Space exploration is a main plot point in the story, as humanity expands into space starting with the first moon landing. Space exploration also helps reveal that humanity has been observed. After the civilization receives a message from these "observers" proclaiming "the time has come to an end" this civilization responds with force, preparing for more than a decade to fight what they believe to be their enemy.

text: It is omitted that at the turn of a new decade, people ventured into space once more. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars.

refinement: Space exploration is a main plot point in the story, as humanity expands into space starting with the first moon landing. At the turn of a new decade, people ventured into space once more. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. Space exploration also helps reveal that humanity has been observed. After the civilization receives a message from these "observers" proclaiming "the time has come to an end" this civilization responds with force, preparing for more than a decade to fight what they believe to be their enemy.

text: For ten decades, not 'for more than a decade'.

refinement: Space exploration is a main plot point in the story, as humanity expands into space starting with the first moon landing. At the turn of a new decade, people ventured into space once more. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. Space exploration also helps reveal that humanity has been observed. After the civilization receives a message from these "observers" proclaiming "the time has come to an end" this civilization responds with force, preparing for ten decades to fight what they believe to be their enemy.

text: It is omitted that people established the first actual cities on Mars, and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

refinement: Space exploration is a main plot point in the story, as humanity expands into space starting with the first moon landing. At the turn of a new decade, people ventured into space once more. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. People established the first actual cities on Mars, and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan. Space exploration also helps reveal that humanity has been observed. After the civilization receives a message from these "observers" proclaiming "the time has come to an end" this civilization responds with force, preparing for ten decades to fight what they believe to be their enemy.

answer: The humans committed big mistakes with regards to space. It turned out that they weren't as learned as they thought they were. They ignored the prophets and thought they were better than them and their warnings. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival and never properly answered their questions. Their fear of the unknown and lack of humility caused their doom.

text: 'and never properly answered their questions. Their fear of the unknown and lack of humility caused their doom' is not stated.

refinement: The humans committed big mistakes with regards to space. It turned out that they weren't as learned as they thought they were. They ignored the prophets and thought they were better than them and their warnings. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival.

text: I would add that the prophets spoke out against their settlement of foreign worlds.

refinement: The humans committed big mistakes with regards to space. It turned out that they weren't as learned as they thought they were. They ignored the prophets who spoke out against their settlement of foreign worlds. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival.

text: It is omitted that by half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars.

refinement: The humans committed big mistakes with regards to space. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. It turned out that they weren't as learned as they thought they were. They ignored the prophets who spoke out against their settlement of foreign worlds. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival.

text: It is omitted that people established the first actual cities on Mars, and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

refinement: The humans committed big mistakes with regards to space. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. It turned out that they weren't as learned as they thought they were. They ignored the prophets who spoke out against their settlement of foreign worlds. People established the first actual cities on Mars, and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival.

text: 'regard'  instead of 'regards'; unnecessary coma after 'Mars'.

refinement: The humans committed big mistakes with regard to space. By half a century, they had expanded into the cold and foreboding expanse of our solar system. Luna Novis was prospering. Aries One was establishing a foothold on the blood-red sands of Mars. It turned out that they weren't as learned as they thought they were. They ignored the prophets who spoke out against their settlement of foreign worlds. People established the first actual cities on Mars and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival.

answer: During this new age, humanity expanded into space and even built orbital cities. Despite all their advancements, the humans couldn't outrun their own biases and prejudices. They ignored the prophets and thought they were better than them and their warnings. When the observers appeared, they were only concerned about their own survival and never properly answered their questions. Their fear of the unknown and lack of humility caused their doom.

answer: Luna Novis was prospering. By half a century, humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on their Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge waiting on asteroids, and on Jupiter. Luna Novis was cheerful and good, and then humanity established new industries and individuals rose into powerful positions across Mars.

text: It is omitted that they established the first actual cities on Mars and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

refinement: Luna Novis was prospering. By half a century, humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on their Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge waiting on asteroids, and on Jupiter. Luna Novis was cheerful and good, and then humanity established new industries and individuals rose into powerful positions across Mars. They established the first actual cities on Mars and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

text: 'Luna Novis was cheerful and good, and then humanity established new industries and individuals rose into powerful positions across Mars.' is not stated.

refinement: Luna Novis was prospering. By half a century, humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on their Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge waiting on asteroids, and on Jupiter. They established the first actual cities on Mars, and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

text: 'There were resources and knowledge waiting on asteroids, and on Jupiter'  is unclear so I would rewrite it.

refinement: Luna Novis was prospering. By half a century, humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on their Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge needed to explore and settle asteroids and Jupiter. They established the first actual cities on Mars and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

text: I would replace the first sentence 'Luna Novis was prospering'.

refinement: By half a century, humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on their Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge needed to explore and settle asteroids and Jupiter. Luna Novis was prospering. They established the first actual cities on Mars and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

text: I would delete 'their'.

refinement: By half a century, humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge needed to explore and settle asteroids and Jupiter. Luna Novis was prospering. They established the first actual cities on Mars and had spread across most of our Moon, as well as Ganymede and Titan.

answer: Luna Novis was prospering. By half a century, the humanity had expanded into the cold, foreboding expanse of their solar system. They had expanded their reach on their Mother Earth. There were resources and knowledge waiting on asteroids, and on Jupiter. Luna Novis was cheerful and good, and then humanity established new economies and individuals rose into powerful positions across Mars.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the alien civilization's culture?

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

answer: It seems that the aliens judge and destroy humanity as punishment or lethal containment, because of our destructive tendencies as a race. They refer to humans is their sin.

text: 'It seems that the aliens judge and destroy humanity as punishment or lethal containment, because of our destructive tendencies as a race. They refer to humans is their sin.'  is irrelevant. There is no answer in the story.

answer: No answer

answer: The information is not in the text.


text:
V ENTERTAINMENT is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment.

Programme content

Developed by M-Net, broadcasting simultaneously on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp (a more premium version of Vuzu) is South Africa's solution to E! News. V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities. The format for V Entertainment is largely based on the format used on E! News although its broadcasts are 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio. It broadcasts Mondays to Fridays at 18:00 (CAT) on both Vuzu & Vuzu Amp with a repeat at 23:00 (CAT) on Vuzu and 22:30 (CAT) on Vuzu Amp. It is the channel's flagship show and is broadcast live from the M-Net studios. Also broadcast live are red carpet specials for award shows and concerts mainly the Channel O African Music Video Awards. Some of South Africa's latest music videos also debut on the show exclusively. Despite its overwhelming growth and popularity throughout the years, the show announced its last episode on 29 June 2017, which was aired on 30 June 2017 with a one-hour special.

Hosts

Final hosts

-   _Somizi Mhlongo Motaung_
-   _Siyabonga Scoop Ngwekazi_
-   _Nomuzi Mabena_

Former hosts

-   _Lalla Hirayama_
-   _Dineo Moeketsi Langa_
-   _Denise Zimba_
-   _Shelton Forbes_
-   _Cyprian Ndlovu_
-   _Nonhle Thema_
-   _Thomas Gumede_
-   _Siyabonga Scoop Ngwekazi_
-   Shane Eagle

Other/guest/celeb hosts

-   _Dineo Ranaka_
-   _Anele Mdoda_
-   _Trevor Gumbi_
-   _Somizi Mhlongo_
-   _AKA_
-   Metiza Kaukuata''
-   _Mika Stefano_
-   _Lerato Sengadi_
-   _Da Les_
-   _Bonang_
-   Kamo Mphela
-   Muesee kahuure''

title: V Entertainment

question: What is similar to E! News on American Broadcasting?

answer: V Entertainment is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting.

text: "V ENTERTAINMENT is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment."

answer: V Entertainment is similar to E! News on American Broadcasting in that it covers local and international celebrities.

text: V Entertainment: "V ENTERTAINMENT is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment."

text: Content and format: "V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities. The format for V Entertainment is largely based on the format used on E! News"

answer: V Entertainment is similar to E! News on American Broadcasting.

text: "V ENTERTAINMENT is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment."

answer: V Entertainment is similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment.

text: "V ENTERTAINMENT is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment."

question: Who does V. Entertainment cover?

answer: V. Entertainment covers local and international celebrities.

text: The name of the show is "V Entertainment", not "V. Entertainment".

refinement: V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities.

text: "V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities."

answer: Local and international celebrities.

text: "V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities."

answer: V. Entertainment covers local and international celebrities.

text: The name of the show is "V Entertainment", not "V. Entertainment".

refinement: V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities.

text: "V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities."

answer: It covers local and international celebrities.

text: "V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities."

question: What are the broadcast differences in V Entertainment and E! News?

answer: V Entertainment is 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio.

text: "The format for V Entertainment is largely based on the format used on E! News although its broadcasts are 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio."

answer: V Entertainment is a 30-minute shorter version of E! News, broadcasting on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp. It covers local and international celebrities, and is broadcast live from the M-Net studios.

text: The content and production place of V Entertainment aren't relevant to this question.

refinement: V Entertainment is a 30-minute shorter version of E! News, broadcasting on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp.

text: "The format for V Entertainment is largely based on the format used on E! News although its broadcasts are 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio."

answer: V Entertainment is a 30 minute shorter in a smaller production studio.

text: "The format for V Entertainment is largely based on the format used on E! News although its broadcasts are 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio."

answer: V Entertainment broadcasts are 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio.

text: "The format for V Entertainment is largely based on the format used on E! News although its broadcasts are 30 minutes shorter in a smaller production studio."

question: How many final hosts are listed?

answer: There are three final hosts listed.

text:
"Final hosts

- _Somizi Mhlongo Motaung_
- _Siyabonga Scoop Ngwekazi_
- _Nomuzi Mabena_

Former hosts"

answer: Three.

text:
"Final hosts

- _Somizi Mhlongo Motaung_
- _Siyabonga Scoop Ngwekazi_
- _Nomuzi Mabena_

Former hosts"

answer: There are three final hosts listed.

text:
"Final hosts

- _Somizi Mhlongo Motaung_
- _Siyabonga Scoop Ngwekazi_
- _Nomuzi Mabena_

Former hosts"

answer: There are three final hosts listed.

text:
"Final hosts

- _Somizi Mhlongo Motaung_
- _Siyabonga Scoop Ngwekazi_
- _Nomuzi Mabena_

Former hosts"

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: V Entertainment is a news series that covers local and international celebrities, broadcasting on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp. The show has recently announced its final episode, which will air on 30 June 2017.

text: The final episode was aired by the time the article was published. The announcement isn't mentioned to be recent either.

refinement: V Entertainment is a news series that covers local and international celebrities, broadcasting on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp. The show aired its final episode on 30 June 2017.

text: Broadcast station and content: "Developed by M-Net, broadcasting simultaneously on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp (a more premium version of Vuzu) is South Africa's solution to E! News. V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities."

text: Final episode: "the show announced its last episode on 29 June 2017, which was aired on 30 June 2017 with a one-hour special."

answer: This article describes V Entertainment and what it broadcasts. It also describes the similarity to E!News.

text: Instead of engaging the question in a meta way, the answer should actually engage with the content. It should be rewritten.

refinement: V Entertainment is an entertainment series similar to the American E! News, covering local and international celebrities with a similar format. The show aired its final episode on June 30, 2017.

answer: V Entertainment is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment. It covers local and international celebrities and is broadcast live from the M-Net studios.

text: The answer should mention that the show aired its final episode.

refinement: V Entertainment is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment. It covers local and international celebrities and was broadcast live from the M-Net studios until its final episode on 30 June 2017.

text: Broadcast station and content: "Developed by M-Net, broadcasting simultaneously on Vuzu and Vuzu Amp (a more premium version of Vuzu) is South Africa's solution to E! News. V Entertainment covers local and international celebrities."

answer: V Entertainment is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment.

text: The answer should include the type of content covered in the show.

refinement: V Entertainment is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment, covering local and international celebrities.

text: The answer should mention that the show aired its final episode.

refinement: V Entertainment is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment, covering local and international celebrities. It aired its final episode on June 30, 2017.

text: "V ENTERTAINMENT is an entertainment news series similar to E! News on American Broadcasting Channel E! Entertainment."


source_id: YtDBPmsmPSdCyHszSMbxMVmUWdDfEj

text:
Difficult to say what anybody in Cobham thought of the man advancing towards the cemetary gates. A slight tremor to his his chest and an almost beaten cadence, a solitary procession where he bared the roles of the mournful. A keen observer, a much more practiced observer, might have recognized those steps, that striking appearance, that leathery coat worn smooth with age. Trodding forward treading his own shadow dreading that feeling of familiarity, nostalgia aged and fermented in oak barrels, no one took him for anything out of the ordinary. He was more or less ignored.

The site held some historic value. Until recently it had become somewhat decrepit, a derelict spot where teenagers would sneak off to and tempt the spirits of a bygone time. The village council recognized the importance of keeping up appearances and the head of that council claimed it as their collective heritage. A simple sign ‘here among others lie the founders of Cobham’ propped up with two wooden posts.

As the man drew past the gate he eyed a familiar plot belonging to a ‘Catsy Whitehouse, 1920-1947 beloved daughter’. He paused for a moment and sat on the cold grass still damp from the previous mornings rains. In his pocket he clutched a letter, his respects drawn out some sixty years late.

title: Catsy Ghosts

question: What town does this take place in?

answer: Cobham.

answer: The story takes place in Cobham, England.

text: We are not sure if this is Cobham England or a fictional Cobham in another place and time.

text: No answer is given.

answer: Cobham

question: Where is the man heading?

answer: The man is heading to the cemetery.

answer: The man is heading to a cemetery.

text: No answer given.

refinement: The man is heading towards the cemetery gates.

answer: Toward the cemetery

question: Who is the man?

answer: The man is Catsy Whitehouse's father, who has come to pay his respects after sixty years.

text: We are not really sure he is Catsy Whitehouse's father.

answer: It is not certain who he is.

answer: The man is the narrator.

text: The passage is written in the third person

refinement: The passage is not clear on who the man is.

answer: The man is the author.

text: The story is written in the third person.

refinement: The passage is not clear on who the man is.

question: Who did the man visit?

answer: He visited the grave of Catsy Whitehouse.

answer: He visited Catsy Whitehouse.

text: The man did not visit a living person as it is made out here.

refinement: He visited the grave of Catsy Whitehouse.

text: No answer given.

refinement: The man visited the grave of Cathy Whitehouse.

answer: The man visited Catsy Whitehouse's grave.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: The man walks through the cemetery and pauses at a grave. He pulls out a letter and reads it.

text: The man did not pull out a letter, nor did he read it.

refinement: A man walks into a village named Cobham. No one paid too much attention to him as he walked towards the cemetery gates. He enters the cemetery and stops at a grave belonging to Catsy Whitehouse, who lived from 1920 to 1947. The man pauses there for a moment, clutching a letter in his pockets.

answer: The man visits a cemetery in Cobham, where he pays his respects to a woman named Catsy Whitehouse who died in 1947. He sits on the grass and holds a letter he wrote to her 60 years after her death.

text: The man did not bring out the letter as inferred in the passage. Also, the letter was not written 60 years after her death, at least according to the passage.

refinement: A man walks into a village named Cobham. No one paid too much attention to him as he walked towards the cemetery gates. The man visits the cemetery where he pays his respects to a woman named Catsy Whitehouse who died in 1947 while clutching a letter in his pocket.

answer: A man walks to a cemetery in Cobham. Nobody seems to know who he is. The cemetery holds the founders of Cobham. The man stops at the grave of Catsy Whitehouse, who dies about sixty years before. He clutches a letter in his pocket.

answer: A man walks to the cemetery gates. He is ignored by the people around him. He walks to a plot belonging to Catsy Whitehouse, who died in 1947. He clutches a letter in his pocket. He sits on the cold grass and reads the letter.

text: The man did not read the letter.

refinement: A man walks to the cemetery gates in Cobham. He is ignored by the people around him. He enters the cemetery and approaches a plot belonging to Catsy Whitehouse, who died in 1947. He pauses there for a moment and sat down, clutching a letter in his pocket.


text:
CARABAO DANG ENERGY DRINK (; ) _Khārābāw dæng_ (“red water buffalo”) is a Thai energy drink launched in 2002 by Carabao Tawandang Co Ltd. It is now Thailand's second most popular energy drink. It is the key brand of Carabao Tawandang in Thailand, with an estimated 21 per cent market share in 2014.[1]

The name “Carabao Dang” comes from the Carabao Group's association with the band Carabao, combined with the German Tawandang Brewery Restaurant. It is marketed with the slogan “Carabao Dang: The Fighting Spirit”.[2]

The drink's launch was accompanied by a high-profile TV advertising campaign featuring the company founder, rock star Yuenyong Opakul, also known as Aed Carabao.[3] This campaign was investigated by the Office of the Consumer Protection Board for being too violent.[4] but went on to win a gold and a silver medal at _Media & Marketing_ magazine's Asian Brand Marketing Effectiveness Awards in 2003.[5] A second ad, featuring clips of late actor Denholm Elliott, digitally altered so he was drinking Carabao from a trough, was less successful.

The drink was introduced to the United States and Europe under the brand name _Carabao_ leading to an increase in sales of the Thai brand on the west coast of the US in 2004.[6] Exports to China and India began in 2007.[7] Carabao was introduced in Australia at the beginning of 2018.[8]

Market and share

The market for energy drinks in Thailand is estimated at 35 billion baht in 2018. Carabao research indicates that more than eight million Thais consume energy drinks. Nineteen per cent live in Bangkok, 32 per cent in other urban areas and 49 per cent in rural provinces. Carabao aims to increase its market share from 25 per cent in 2018 to 33 per cent in 2020, making it the leader in the domestic energy drinks market.[9]

Carabao Group expects 2018 revenues to reach 15 billion baht, up from 13 billion baht in 2017.[10]

Production

Carabao completed work on a new production site in the Bang Pakong District of Chachoengsao Province in mid-2018. The 8.7 billion baht, 180 rai facility includes a glass bottle plant, an aluminium can plant, and a bottling plant. Bottle production will increase to 1.6 billion bottles per year, up from 1 billion, and can production will increase from 800 million per year to 1.5 billion. Future plans include a fourth factory on the site.[11]

Sport sponsorship

In June 2015, Carabao Dang became the main sponsors of English Football League Championship side Reading F.C.,[12] renewing their contract as Reading's primary sponsor from June 2016 to the summer of 2019.[13] Additionally, Carabao Dang became the primary training kit sponsors of English football champions, Premier League club Chelsea F.C. in the summer of 2016.

In November 2016, Carabao Dang announced a three-year deal with the English Football League to become the official title sponsor of the EFL Cup, becoming known as the Carabao Cup from 2017 to 2018 to the 2019–2020 season.[14]

In December 2016, Carabao Dang announced a six-year deal to become a sponsor of Campeonato Brasileiro Série A club Flamengo until January 2017. In 2018 the company will be the main sponsor of the team.[15]

On 28 March 2019, Carabao Dang announced a sponsorship deal with Tajikistan League team FK Khujand.[16]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

title: Carabao Energy Drink

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is behind the Carabao Dang energy drink's success for the past 15 years?

answer: The Carabao Dang energy drink has been successful for the past 15 years due to its high-profile advertising campaign, its successful sponsorship deals, and its producing of red-labeled bottles and cans that appeal to Thai consumers.

text: This is false, as the text does not mention red-labeled bottles. This should be omitted.

refinement: The Carabao Dang energy drink has been successful for the past 15 years due to its high-profile advertising campaign, its successful sponsorship deals.

text: It's omitted that Carabao Dang also may be successful because it has grown into the international market.

refinement: The Carabao Dang energy drink has been successful for the past 15 years due to its high-profile advertising campaign, its successful sponsorship deals, and possibly because it has grown into the international market.

answer:
A product is generally successful if it is new and useful, but only if is well-managed. Carabao Dang's success as an energy drink manufacturer could be due to the following reasons:

It has good flavors and more importantly, it keeps Thailand's supporting local breweries in business.

text: All of this information is false, as it can't be found in the text.

text: Empty response.

refinement: The Carabao Dang energy drink has been successful for the past 15 years due to its high-profile advertising campaign, its successful sport sponsorship deals, and possibly because it has grown into the international market.

answer: Carabao's success is primarily due to its confident and strong marketing campaign, combined with its quality product. Carabao is Thailand's second most popular energy drink and is expected to increase its market share by 2020. Carabao has also been successful in securing partnerships with English football teams and sponsoring competitions. The company has also been successful internationally, expanding its presence into the US, Europe and Asia.

text: The text doesn't really say anything about the quality of the product, only its popularity. It would be better to omit this.

refinement: Carabao's success is primarily due to its confident and strong marketing campaign. Carabao is Thailand's second most popular energy drink and is expected to increase its market share by 2020. Carabao has also been successful in securing partnerships with English football teams and sponsoring competitions. The company has also been successful internationally, expanding its presence into the US, Europe and Asia.

text: This just reiterates that the drink is successful, not why its successful. It would be better to omit this.

refinement: Carabao's success is primarily due to its confident and strong marketing campaign. Carabao has also been successful in securing partnerships with English football teams and sponsoring competitions. The company has also been successful internationally, expanding its presence into the US, Europe and Asia.

answer: It was introduced as the key brand of Carabao Tawandang in Thailand which has an estimated 21 percent market share. The name is based on Carabao Group's association with the band Carabao, combined with the German Tawandang Brewery Restaurant. Notably, the beverage's peak in popularity was when the founder of Carabao, Yuenyong Opakul, was featured in the TV advertisement. The drink was successful in the United States when exported under the name, Carabao.

text: This information doesn't help explain the success. It should be omitted.

refinement: It was introduced as the key brand of Carabao Tawandang in Thailand which has an estimated 21 percent market share.  Notably, the beverage's peak in popularity was when the founder of Carabao, Yuenyong Opakul, was featured in the TV advertisement. The drink was successful in the United States when exported under the name, Carabao.

text: This information doesn't help explain the success. It should be omitted.

refinement: Notably, the beverage's peak in popularity was when the founder of Carabao, Yuenyong Opakul, was featured in the TV advertisement. The drink was successful in the United States when exported under the name, Carabao.

text: It's omitted that sports sponsorships could also add to the success of the brand.

refinement: Notably, the beverage's peak in popularity was when the founder of Carabao, Yuenyong Opakul, was featured in the TV advertisement. The drink was successful in the United States when exported under the name, Carabao. The sports sponsorships could also be adding to the continues success.

text: Overall reach into the international market is omitted.

refinement: Notably, the beverage's peak in popularity was when the founder of Carabao, Yuenyong Opakul, was featured in the TV advertisement. The drink was successful in the United States when exported under the name, Carabao. The sports sponsorships could also be adding to the continues success. Carabao's reach into other international markets could also be a reason.

answer:
Carabao Dang energy drink debut in Thailand in 2002 with a high-profile TV advertising. Though one of the adverts was banned, it still won a gold medal at one of Asia's top marketing award ceremonies.

The drink was introduced to the United States and Europe in 2004 and had since exploded in popularity thanks to sports sponsorship in the English Football league.

text: The brand had more sports sponsorships than the English Football league. This should be mentioned.

refinement:
Carabao Dang energy drink debut in Thailand in 2002 with a high-profile TV advertising. Though one of the adverts was banned, it still won a gold medal at one of Asia's top marketing award ceremonies.

The drink was introduced to the United States and Europe in 2004 and had since exploded in popularity thanks to sports sponsorship in the English Football league and several other leagues.

text: The advertisement was not banned, it was investigated.

refinement: Carabao Dang energy drink debut in Thailand in 2002 with a high-profile TV advertising. It won a gold medal at one of Asia's top marketing award ceremonies. The drink was introduced to the United States and Europe in 2004 and had since exploded in popularity thanks to sports sponsorship in the English Football league and several other leagues.

text: It should be mentioned that the drink was introduced to different Asian markets as well.

refinement: Carabao Dang energy drink debut in Thailand in 2002 with a high-profile TV advertising. It won a gold medal at one of Asia's top marketing award ceremonies. The drink was introduced to the United States and Europe in 2004, and later in Asian and Australian markets. It had since exploded in popularity thanks to sports sponsorship in the English Football league and several other leagues.