text:
_VOLUMES OF BLOOD_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks (segment “Ghastly”), Jakob Bilinski (segment “13 After Midnight”), Nathan Thomas Milliner (segment “The Encyclopedia Satanica”), John Kenneth Muir (segment “A Little Pick Me Up”), and Lee Vervoort (segment “That’s A Wrap!”).[1] It stars Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Jim O'Rear, and Roni Jonah.

Premise

A sociology student and three friends meet in a library and craft four new urban legends.

Production

Director P.J. Starks and Jim Blanton of the Daviess County Public Library in Owensboro, Kentucky developed the “Unscripted Film School” program so people from Owensboro could experience filmmaking for themselves.[2][3] Their first project was an eight minute horror short and their second would be _Volumes of Blood_. Using Kickstarter, the crew raised over $4,000 for the film.[4][5]

Reception

_JoBlo.com_ awarded the film 7/10.[6] _Bloody Disgusting_ called the film “the Best Damn Anthology This Year.”[7]_Dread Central_ awarded the film 3.5 stars and praised it to have “all the right bits in place to entertain the horror masses”[8]

Sequels

In a 2015 interview, P.J. Starks said he had ideas for a second and third volume.[9] A sequel, entitled _Volumes of Blood: Horror Stories_, premiered on October 29, 2016 at the Owensboro Convention Center in Owensboro, Ky.[10] _Fangoria_ has called it “hands down, the most entertaining anthology in years.”[11] In an interview with _Dread Central_, producer P.J. Stark announced a second and final sequel called _Devil’s Knight: Volumes of Blood 3_.[12]

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title: Volumes of Blood

question: When was "Volumes of Blood" produced?

answer: Fall 2015.

text: There's nothing in the article that indicates the film was produced in Fall 2015. We only know it was released in 2015.

text: The film was released in 2015. It may have been produced that year or earlier. The answer should clarify that.

refinement: It was released in 2015. It could've been produced that year or earlier.

text: Proof of the year: "_VOLUMES OF BLOOD_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film"

answer: in 2015.

text: The film was released in 2015. It may have been produced that year or earlier. The answer should clarify that.

refinement: It was released in 2015. It could've been produced that year or earlier.

text: Proof of the year: "_VOLUMES OF BLOOD_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film"

answer: P.J. Stark developed an "Unscripted Film School" program with Jim Blanton, director of the Daviess County Public Library in Owansboro, Kentucky in 2014. Their film school program with Eight on-screen minutes and two in production. As they began production on the "Unscripted Film School" program, they used Kickstarter funds for "Volumes of Blood." On the Kickstarter page, they explained they would use their handycam to shoot an eight -minute horror short called "Return to Scarecrow Hollow". The producers stated their first project was an eight minute horror short, they would create Volumes of Blood for their second project.

text: Almost all of the answer is made up. It's also completely irrelevant to the question. The answer should state that the film was released in 2015 and could've been produced that year or earlier.

refinement: It was released in 2015. It could've been produced that year or earlier.

question: Who directed "Volumes of Blood"?

answer: PJ Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort.

text: "...directed by P.J. Starks (segment “Ghastly”), Jakob Bilinski (segment “13 After Midnight”), Nathan Thomas Milliner (segment “The Encyclopedia Satanica”), John Kenneth Muir (segment “A Little Pick Me Up”), and Lee Vervoort (segment “That’s A Wrap!”)."

answer: P.J. Starks directed "Volumes of Blood".

text: There are five directors. The answer omits four. Each director is responsible for a segment of the film, not the entire thing.

refinement: P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort directed "Volumes of Blood".

text: The quotes around the film's name are unnecessary.

refinement: P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort directed Volumes of Blood.

answer: P.J. Starks directed "Volumes of Blood".

text: There are five directors. The answer omits four. Each director is responsible for a segment of the film, not the entire thing.

refinement: P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort directed "Volumes of Blood".

text: The quotes around the film's name are unnecessary.

refinement: P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort directed Volumes of Blood.

question: Who stars in "Volumes of Blood"?

answer: The cast of "Volumes of Blood" includes Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Jim O'Rear, and Roni Jonah.

text: "It stars Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Jim O'Rear, and Roni Jonah."

answer: Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Jim O'Rear, and Roni Jonah.

text: "It stars Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Jim O'Rear, and Roni Jonah."

answer: The film features Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, and Jim O'Rear in starring roles.

text: The answer misses a star, namely Roni Jonah.

refinement: The film features Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Roni Jonah, and Jim O'Rear in starring roles.

text: "It stars Kristine Renee Farley, Jason Crowe, Jim O'Rear, and Roni Jonah."

question: What rating was the film awarded?

answer: _Volumes of Blood_ was awarded a 7/10 rating.

text: The 7/10 rating was from JoBlo.com.

refinement: _Volumes of Blood_ was awarded a 7/10 rating by JoBlo.com.

text: Dread Central also rated the film. They gave it 3.5/5.

refinement: _Volumes of Blood_ was awarded a 7/10 rating by JoBlo.com. Dread Central gave it 3.5/5.

text: The "_" isn't needed.

refinement: Volumes of Blood was awarded a 7/10 rating by JoBlo.com. Dread Central gave it 3.5/5.

answer: The film was awarded a rating of 7/10 by _JoBlo.com_.

text: Dread Central also rated the film. They gave it 3.5/5.

refinement: The film was awarded a rating of 7/10 by _JoBlo.com_. Dread Central gave it 3.5/5.

text: The "_" isn't needed.

refinement: The film was awarded a rating of 7/10 by JoBlo.com. Dread Central gave it 3.5/5.

answer: JoBlo.com awarded the film 7/10.

text: Dread Central also rated the film. They gave it 3.5/5.

refinement: JoBlo.com awarded the film 7/10. Dread Central gave it 3.5/5.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: _Volumes of Blood_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks and before it expands on its own myths, Stark develops a student program to teach filmmaking in a municipal library.

text: The film has five directors, the summary omits four.

refinement: _Volumes of Blood_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort and before it expands on its own myths, Stark develops a student program to teach filmmaking in a municipal library.

text: The part about Stark developing a student program before the film expands on its myths is entirely made up.

refinement: _Volumes of Blood_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort.

text: The summary should include a basic description of the film's plot.

refinement: _Volumes of Blood_, where four students gather to create four new urban legends, is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort.

text: The "_" isn't needed.

refinement: Volumes of Blood, where four students gather to create four new urban legends, is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort.

text: Genre: "_VOLUMES OF BLOOD_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film"

answer: Volumes of Blood is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by four directors that had their debut film with this film.

text: The film has five directors.

refinement: Volumes of Blood is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by five directors that had their debut film with this film.

text: The article says nothing about the directors having their debuts with this film.

refinement: Volumes of Blood is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by five directors.

text: The summary should mention the plot.

refinement: Volumes of Blood is a 2015 American horror anthology film directed by five directors where four students gather to create four new urban legends.

answer: In "Volumes of Blood", five college students gather to craft four new urban legends to share with each other.

text: There are four students crafting urban legends.

refinement: In "Volumes of Blood", four college students gather to craft four new urban legends to share with each other.

text: The article doesn't say anything about the students crafting the urban legends to share with each other.

refinement: In "Volumes of Blood", four college students gather to craft four new urban legends.

text: The summary should mention the film's genre.

refinement: In "Volumes of Blood", a horror anthology, four college students gather to craft four new urban legends.

text: Urban legends: "A sociology student and three friends meet in a library and craft four new urban legends."

answer: "Volumes of Blood" is an American horror anthology film produced in 2015 and portrays a sociology student and three friends who meet in a library to craft four new urban legends.

text: Genre and release year: "_VOLUMES OF BLOOD_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film"

text: Plot: "A sociology student and three friends meet in a library and craft four new urban legends."

answer: _Volumes of Blood_ is an American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort.

text: The summary should include a basic description of its plot.

refinement: _Volumes of Blood_ is an American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort, where four students meet to craft four new urban legends.

text: The "_" isn't necessary.

refinement: Volumes of Blood is an American horror anthology film directed by P.J. Starks, Jakob Bilinski, Nathan Thomas Milliner, John Kenneth Muir, and Lee Vervoort, where four students meet to craft four new urban legends.

answer: Volumes of Blood is an anthology horror film consisting of four horror short stories.

text: There are five parts to the anthology, thus five horror shorts.

refinement: Volumes of Blood is an anthology horror film consisting of five horror short stories.

text: The summary should include a basic description of the film's premise.

refinement: Volumes of Blood is an anthology horror film consisting of five horror short stories based on the premise that four students meet to craft four new urban legends.

text: Genre: "_VOLUMES OF BLOOD_ is a 2015 American horror anthology film"


split: train

text:
Any feedback is welcomed. Thanks.

Turtle Falls
	For the entire summer, Trip and Justin, Pastor Chesnutt’s son, had been inseparable. They spent most of the summer riding their bicycles all around town, absorbing every second of the free time they had before they would start high school in the fall.  With baseball cards attached to their bikes with clothespins, they rattled through trails and side roads to Turtle Falls. This local swimming hole was where most adolescents in the town spent their afternoons. It was large rock waterfall with a face the shape of an eagle’s beak. The water swiftly spilled over into a small swimming pool beneath where those not adventurous enough to slide down the falls could swim.  	It was there Trip and Justin would chew tobacco bought for them by upperclassmen and pester Justin’s older sister and her friends while they sunbathed on the boulders adjacent to the water. May Chesnutt was a year and a half older than the boys and known for her dark red hair and pale face that, perhaps because of her remaining baby fat, kept the older boys waiting eagerly for the day her appearance caught up with matured body. Earlier that summer May had lingered a little too long before hugging Trip goodbye and he found it odd but he always ignored any thought of affection because of Justin’s protective nature to his sister. After causing trouble under the radar of their parents throughout June and July, their days of mischief came to a close the week before school began. Since the arrival of Pastor Chesnutt to the church, the pastor had been planning a construction based mission trip to Big Ridge, Texas and required his son Justin to attend. Trip’s parents, however, did not make him go. While they would have loved to have seen signs of interest in their son for church activities, not having to pay the $800 dollars for the mission was a bit of a relief to them. The final day before Justin was to depart the boys sat on the bank of the creek atop the waterfall with a cheek full of smokeless tobacco.
“You ready for your trip?” Trip asked.
After spitting Justin responded, “I guess so. It’s bullshit that I have to go, Dad wore my ass out the other night.”
“No shit, why’d he do that?”
“I told him I wasn’t going on no damn mission trip, and that I didn’t give a shit about spending a week in Texas.”
“You said all that?” replied Trip with amazement.
“Verbatim.”
“You know your daddy’s a pastor, right?”
“I don’t care. I mean, the lickin’ hurt, but I don’t want to spend my last week of summer fixing up shitty houses. And you know what the worst part is?”
“What?”
“He told me if I kept on using those words and having a bad attitude I’d be spending my future time in a place a whole lot worse than Texas.”
“Damn,” Trip replied.
There was a long pause between the two. They sat for a little bit longer, spat out their tobacco, and then both slid down the falls.
	During Justin’s week away, Trip spent most of his time doing yard work for his grandparents and helping his mother, the church secretary, with stuff weekly bulletins for the Sunday service. It was a mundane final week of summer, but he had at least managed to make back the money he had spent over the last few months. The following Monday was the first day of school and, after getting off the bus, he spotted Justin by the entrance of the auditorium reading his bible.
“Why are you reading that in public?” he asked.
“Brother Trip, it’s so good to see you again, as you can see I’m receiving my daily bread.” Justin said with a grin on his face.
“What the hell are you talkin’ about?” Trip replied.
Justin smiled and rolled his eyes, “Man cannot live on bread alone, you know. I am feeding on the word of Christ before beginning my day. I learned all about it on the trip. It really was a great time. I wish you could have gone.”
“Sounds great, we ridin’ out to the falls today or what?” Trip asked.
“I don’t really want to go out there anymore. I’ve been revived. You ought to think twice about going out there and enjoying those worldly things too much. We’re having a study at my house. You should come over there instead.”
“My ass! We were out there just last week, and you ain’t better than it. I don’t want to come to any bible study. I just got Steve Thurman to buy me some Red Man. Quit this and come have some fun before it gets too cold,” Trip said.
Justin gathered a sincere look on his face. “There are other ways to have fun without abusing your body, Trip. I’m just concerned about your salvation. If you’re not careful, you could wind up in a place a lot worse that Turtle Falls.”
“Yeah, well I’ll meet you there then and you can give me a tour. Enjoy your bread, asshole.”
            Trip walked with a frustrated scowl on his face. He was so angry that his nose began to feel as if it were buzzing red. As he rounded the corner to the staircase that led to the freshman hallway he bumped into May. She greeted him with a hug and asked how his last week of summer was. He couldn’t answer and just stared at her chubby face. Finally Trip replied very plainly “I’ll be at Turtle Falls after school.” There was a second or so of silence that left May with a confused look until Trip gently pushed her back into the staircase and kissed her with his hand on her behind.

The End

title: Turtle Falls (992 Words)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How do Trip and Justin spend their summer?

answer: Riding bicycles and hanging out at the local swimming hole, Turtle Falls.

answer: Trip and Justin spend summer riding their bikes all around town and hanging out at Turtle Falls. While there, they would chew tobacco and cause trouble before Justin had to go on a mission trip. Upon Justin's return from the trip, Trip finds that he is not interested in going to Turtle Falls anymore and spends his time instead attending religious study groups.

answer: Riding their bikes.

answer: Trip and Justin spend the summer riding their bicycles and hanging out at the local pool to swim and socialize with other people. Justin is required by his pastor father to attend a construction mission trip in Texas, which makes him less interested in hanging out at Turtle Falls. After Justin leaves, Trip spends time strengthening his relationship with May. When they bump into one another on the first day back to school, Trip becomes frustrated and declares his intention to return to Turtle Falls after class instead.

answer: They ride their bikes and swim at Turtle Falls. They chew tobacco and have fun, creating mischief here and there.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why does Trip not return May's advances?

answer: Trip does not return May's advances because he now prefers the thrill of Turtle Falls over her company. He has realized that his time with Justin at Turtle Falls was more fun. He is mad at May for not being able to go on the mission trip and considers her effort to befriend him after she kissed him to be insufficient. Therefore, he has lost interest in spending time with her and would rather be at the waterfall with his friend Justin.

text: He does not have interest in May because he fears her brother.

refinement: Trip does not return May's advances because he is worried about how protective her brother is of her.

answer: It could be because of Justin's protectiveness of his sister.

answer: Trip does not return May's advances because he no longer finds enjoyment in the activities he used to enjoy. Instead, he is drawn to activities of a more worldly nature such as smoking and spending time at the swimming hole. While not engaging in this worldly behavior likely appealed to May, he was not interested in changing his habits to suit her.

text: He fears her brother's protectiveness

refinement: Trip does not return May's advances because he fears her brother's protectiveness of her.

answer: May is Justin's younger sister. Justin is protective of her.

answer: Because she is Justin's sister and Justin is protective.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is Justin like when he comes back from the mission trip?

answer: He is very different and only interested in the Bible and church work. He doesn't want to hang out with Trip anymore, thinking he is above him and that Trip needs salvation.

answer: When Justin comes back from the mission trip, he seems very focused on spirituality. He suggests that Trip not go to Turtle Falls because it is worldly; rather he wants to start a bible study at his house. Justin is now more serious and focused on the afterlife rather than the world around him.

answer: Justin comes back from the mission trip having been inspired by the gospel and wanting to warn Trip about the dangers of indulging in worldly pleasures. He is concerned about Trip's salvation and does not want him to end up in a place "a lot worse" than Turtle Falls. Justin no longer wants to go to the local swimming hole and instead encourages Trip to attend church studies.

answer: He is a changed man. His priorities are doing well at school and staying on the right path.

answer: He no longer wants to party with Trip, instead he's into the Bible.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does Trip do after his conversation with Justin?

answer: Trip walks the halls feeling disgruntled for a moment until he bumps into May. He just looks at her as if registering that she's there. She asks how his week has been, and he kisses her passionately on the lips; he is just so frustrated.

text: He is not so frustrated, he invites her to Turtle Falls

refinement: Trip walks the halls feeling disgruntled for a moment until he bumps into May. He just looks at her as if registering that she's there. She asks how his week has been, and he kisses her passionately on the lips; he invites her to Turtle Falls afterward.

answer: Trip goes downstairs to meet May, Justin's sister. They share a passionate kiss.

answer: After a conversation with Justin, Trip decides to go to Turtle Falls after school instead of hanging out with May.

text: He kisses May and invites her, it is not instead of May

refinement: After a conversation with Justin, Trip decides to go to Turtle Falls and invites May there too, kissing her as he does so.

answer: He sees May and kisses her.

answer: Trip walks away from Justin after their conversation and goes to Turtle Falls instead. He also kisses May.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: For their entire summer, Trip and Justin have inseparable. Spending all their time with each other. This summer is also when the oldest, May, begins to like Trip. After Justin is sent away to a mission based in Big Ridge, TX, Trip and May make the mutual decision to break away from their church lifestyle. The event leaves them in a destroyed friendship and Justin vows to get back to God.

text: Trip and May make no mutual decision to break away from the Church. Justin returns changed

refinement: For their entire summer, Trip and Justin have inseparable. Spending all their time with each other. This summer is also when the oldest, May, begins to like Trip. After Justin is sent away to a mission based in Big Ridge, he returns changed, wanting only to follow a spiritual life. The event leaves them in a destroyed friendship and Justin vows to get back to God.

text: The event does not lead them in a destroyed friendship

refinement: For their entire summer, Trip and Justin have inseparable. Spending all their time with each other. This summer is also when the oldest, May, begins to like Trip. After Justin is sent away to a mission based in Big Ridge, he returns changed, wanting only to follow a spiritual life. Justin is initially angry, but then goes and kisses May and invites her to Turtle Falls, seeing as Justin will not be there.

answer: Trip and Justin go to the local swimming spot, Turtle Falls, every day over the summer. Justin is being taken on a mission trip and tries to convince Trip to join him in a bible study instead. Trip rejects this proposal and spends his last week before school at the falls. He bumps into May, who reminds him he will be there after school. He kisses her impulsively and tells her he plans on going to the falls after school.

answer: Trip and Justin are inseparable until Justin's religious father requires him to go on a mission trip. On this trip, Justin's father allegedly beats him for swearing and using negative words. Justin's newfound remorse convinces him to no longer spend time at Turtle Falls with Trip. This change upsets Trip for multiple reasons. The two quickly get into an argument that turns into an outright debacle that leads Trip to kiss Justin's older sister.

answer: Trip and Justin spend much of the summer together before Justin has to go on a mission trip. With Justin gone, Trip finds himself at odds with him and instead pursues time at Turtle Falls with May Chesnutt. Justin, concerned Trip is not keeping up with the Lord's work, urges Trip to abandon the falls and switch to studying at Justin's house. This leaves Trip unhappy and disinterested in participating in this activity. He instead pursues May at school, kissing her in the hallway and telling her he'll be at Turtle Falls after school.

answer: The text is a short story about two teenage boys, Trip and Justin. They are great friends and spend all summer together, but then Justin has to go on a mission trip with his father, the pastor. When he comes back, Justin is different and only cares about the Bible and church work. Trip is hurt by this. Later on, he meets May, Justin's sister, and kisses her.


text:
NORMAN H. NIE was an American social scientist, university professor, inventor, and pioneering technology entrepreneur, known for being one of the developers of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1943, Nie was educated at the University of the Americas in Mexico City, Washington University in St. Louis and Stanford University, where he received a Ph.D. in political science in 1971. He died on April 2nd, 2015 of lung cancer.

Biography

Early years

While a graduate student at Stanford, Nie was faced with the daunting task of analyzing data from thousands of individual responses to a survey questionnaire he collected from seven nations with his advisor and mentor Sidney Verba.

Together with two young computer scientists, C. Hadlai (“Tex”) Hull and Dale Bent, Nie invented a computer software package called the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).[1] SPSS automated the process of data analysis, allowing users to manipulate data files, transform data, and generate statistics on a mainframe computer. Nie served as CEO from the company's founding in 1975 until 1992, and continued as Chairman of the Board and software design consultant until 2008. SPSS has been a publicly traded company on the NASDAQ since 1993. Originally invented to solve the problem of analyzing data for Nie's dissertation, SPSS soon became widely used among other social scientists and researchers. Along with SAS, it revolutionized empirical social science. In an essay entitled “Doing It Ourselves: The SPSS Manual as Sociology's Most Influential Recent Book”, sociologist Barry Wellman wrote:

  I have taken a stand here in favor of empowering tools as the most influential sociological development in recent decades. Which is more important? The findings or the tools that enabled us to make them – and many more? Which should we celebrate more? Copernicus' 16th-century hypothesis of the solar system or Galileo's 17th-century invention of the telescope that enabled scholars to understand it clearly? It is an irresolvable dialectic between knowing what to look for and knowing how to find something. But if pressed, I would vote for the toolmakers because they give us the eyes to see things.[2]

Life after SPSS

In the early years after SPSS's invention, Nie and his colleagues shipped the software to users at cost. But as demand for the product (and its new features and accompanying documentation) expanded, Nie incorporated SPSS and became its president and CEO. During the same period, Nie became one of the most prominent scholars in the field of U.S. politics, particularly the study of American political behavior and public opinion. His intellectual home for 30 years was the University of Chicago, where he took his first academic appointment in 1968. During his tenure, he was twice chairman of the department. He became emeritus at Chicago in 1998.

In July 2009, IBM announced its agreement to purchase SPSS for $1.2 billion.[3]

Years in Chicago

Nie's Chicago years saw the publication of four major books in political science, three of which won prizes of national recognition for scholarly excellence. His first book, written with Sidney Verba, was _Participation in America_ (1972), which won the Gladys M. Kammerer Award,[4] from the American Political Science Association (APSA) for the best book in U.S. national politics. Soon after, Nie wrote _The Changing American Voter_ (1976)[5] with Verba and John Petrocik. This major work went on to win the Woodrow Wilson Award from the APSA for the best book published in political science. Two years later, Nie co-authored a work of comparative politics with Verba and Jae-on Kim, _Participation and Political Equality_ (1978).[6] Nie reprised his Woodrow Wilson Award in 1996, winning the prize for _Education and Democratic Citizenship in America_, written with Jane Junn and Kenneth Stehlik-Barry.

Life at Stanford

In 1998, Nie moved to Stanford University, where he served as a research professor in social sciences and business. He remained active as an author and social scientist and published a book on the politics of the 2000 U.S. Census enumeration, _The Hard Count_ (2006), with Ken Prewitt, D. Sunshine Hillygus, and Heili Pals. After that, he was working with Yorgos Panzaris on a book on technology and social change. He also wrote research articles for academic journals.

Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society

On his arrival at Stanford, Nie started the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society (SIQSS),[7] where he served as director. The Institute is devoted to the pursuit and sponsorship of high-quality empirical social science research about the nature of society and social change. Nie led a multidisciplinary team of graduate and undergraduate students that included political scientists, economists, sociologists, and statisticians, among others, in research that included such diverse topics as how time is spent on the Internet, how Internet access affects political polarization, Latino voter mobilization, and how educational attainment affects future life outcomes. Research from the Institute has appeared in _The New York Times_, _the Boston Globe_, _Newsweek_, _Miller-McCune_, and other mainstream publications, as well as in more academic sources such as _Public Perspective_, _Fortschritte der politischen Kommunikations forschung_, and _IT & Society_.

Knowledge Networks, Revolution Analytics, and other business interests

Nie continued to innovate in the technology and tools field, co-founding the survey research firm Knowledge Networks (KN)[8] with R. Douglas Rivers in 1997; Nie continues to serve as Chairman of the Board of KN. The company remains the only survey vendor to collect survey data over the Internet using probability samples, placing computers into homes that do not have Internet connectivity.

In October 2009, Revolution Analytics (formerly REvolution Computing) appointed Nie as its new CEO. The company provides commercial software & support for the popular open source R (programming language). In May 2010, Forbes Magazine published an in-depth profile on Nie and Revolution Analytics [9] where he was quoted, “R is an absolutely massive advancement on the kind of analytics I invented. It's an opportunity to change the game in the fastest-growing field in software.”

Nie has also served as Chairman or board member for a number of high technology firms, including CustomerSat Inc.,[10] Vicinity, Lexiquest, and Captura.

Awards

Nie was the recipient of awards for research and scholarly achievement as well as professional recognition. In 2006, he was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award [11] from the American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) for both his technological innovations in survey research and his substantive contributions to the understanding of social and political behavior. He was honored as the KPMG Technology Entrepreneur of the Year in 1986.

In 2009, Nie was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Personal life

Norman Nie and his wife Carol resided in Los Altos, California and Sun Valley, Idaho. They are the parents of two grown daughters and have two grandchildren.

[1]

[2] (pp. 71-78 in _Required Reading: Sociology's Most Influential Recent Books_, Daniel Clawson, Ed., University of Massachusetts Press, 1998).

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7] http://www.stanford.edu/group/siqss/cgi-bin/index.php

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11] http://www.allbusiness.com/government/public-policy/5479321-1.html

title: Norman H. Nie

question: What does the acronym SPSS stand for?

answer: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences

answer: The acronym SPSS stands for the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.

answer: The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences

question: Where did Norman H. Nie receive his Ph.D.?

answer: Norman H. Nie received his Ph.D. from Stanford University.

text: Due to the grammatical structure of the original text, it is unclear where Nie received his PH.D.

refinement: There is no concrete evidence that Nie received his PH.D from Stanford.

answer: Norman H. Nie received his Ph.D. from Stanford University.

text: Due to the grammatical structure of the original text, it is unclear where Nie received his PH.D.

refinement: There is no concrete evidence that Nie received his PH.D from Stanford.

answer: Norman H. Nie received his Ph.D. from Stanford University.

text: Due to the grammatical structure of the original text, it is unclear where Nie received his PH.D.

refinement: There is no concrete evidence that Nie received his PH.D from Stanford.

question: Who helped Norman H. Nie develop his SPSS?

answer:
A. Sidney Verba
B. Heili Pals
C. Tex Hull
D. Gates

text: This answer is a series of answers, instead of being one single answer.

refinement: C. Hadlaai Hull and Dale Bent invented the software SPSS alongside Nie.

answer: The software package Statistical Package for the Social Sciences as designed by Norman H. Nie, C. Hadlai (“Tex”) Hull, and Dale Bent.

answer: Norman H. Nie developed his SPSS with C. Hadlai Hull and Dale Bent.

question: Where did Norman H. Nie receive his first academic appointment?

answer: Norman H. Nie received his first academic appointment from the University of Chicago.

text: "His intellectual home for 30 years was the University of Chicago, where he took his first academic appointment in 1968."

answer: Norman H. Nie was appointed to the University of Chicago in 1968.

text: "His intellectual home for 30 years was the University of Chicago, where he took his first academic appointment in 1968."

answer: According to the passage, Norman H. Nie first received an academic appointment at the University of Chicago.

text: "His intellectual home for 30 years was the University of Chicago, where he took his first academic appointment in 1968."

question: Who purchased SPSS in July 2009?

answer: SPSS was purchased by IBM in July 2009.

answer: IBM purchased SPSS in 2009.

answer: IBM purchased SPSS in July 2009.

question: Who co-wrote Norman H. Nie's first book?

answer: Norman H. Nie was co-written his first book, "Participation in America" (1972) with Sidney Verba.

answer: Norman H. Nie co-wrote his first book, "Participation in America" with Sidney Verba.

answer: Sidney Verba co-wrote Norman H. Nie's first book.

text: The answer could be more specific in naming the book.

refinement: Sidney Verba co-wrote Norman H. Nie's first book, "Participation in America".

question: When did Norman H. Nie write The Hard Count?

answer: Nie wrote The Hard Count in 2006.

answer: Norman H. Nie wrote The Hard Count in 2006.

answer: Norman H. Nie wrote The Hard Count in 2006.

question: How did Norman H. Nie die?

answer: Norman died on April 2nd, 2015.

text: The question asks how Nie died, not when.

answer: Norman Henri Nie died on April 2nd, 2015.

text: The question asks how Nie died, not when.

answer: Norman H. Nie died from lung cancer.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Norman H. Nie is a renowned American social scientist, university professor and technology entrepreneur, known for co-developing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, as well as founding the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society. He has also won awards such as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and was elected as fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

text: This answer should note that Nie died in 2015.

refinement: Norman H. Nie is a renowned American social scientist, university professor and technology entrepreneur, known for co-developing the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, as well as founding the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society. He has also won awards such as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association for Public Opinion Research and was elected as fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He died in 2015 due to lung cancer.

answer: Norman H. Nie was a social scientist and university professor. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University where he helped develop the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The company was later bought by IBM in 2009. Norman H. Nie went on to research and write many books, and received many awards.

text: The answer could be more specific about the awards that Nie received.

refinement: Norman H. Nie was a social scientist and university professor. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University where he helped develop the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The company was later bought by IBM in 2009. Norman H. Nie went on to research and write many books, and received many awards, such as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association for Public Opinion Research.

text: The answer should note that Nie died in 2015.

refinement: Norman H. Nie was a social scientist and university professor. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University where he helped develop the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. The company was later bought by IBM in 2009. Norman H. Nie went on to research and write many books, and received many awards, such as the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association for Public Opinion Research. He died in 2015 of lung cancer.

answer: Norman H. Nie was a social scientist, university professor and entrepreneur known for his invention of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). He was also one of the developers of SPSS and served as its CEO for over 20 years. Nie won many prestigious awards, including the Lifetime Achievement Award from AAPOR and the KPMG Technology Entrepreneur of the Year Award. He died in 2015.

answer: Norman H. Nie is well known for being the brains behind the development of SPSS, the premier tool for social scientists for processing their data. He is also recognized for his seminal works in political science, which led to many prestigious accolades. At his home institution of Stanford University, Nie founded the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society, an organization heavily dedicated to research. He also remains very active in pursuing various technological innovations.

text: The answer should note that Nie died in 2015.

refinement: Norman H. Nie is well known for being the brains behind the development of SPSS, the premier tool for social scientists for processing their data. He is also recognized for his seminal works in political science, which led to many prestigious accolades. At his home institution of Stanford University, Nie founded the Stanford Institute for the Quantitative Study of Society, an organization heavily dedicated to research. Nie died in 2015 of lung cancer.

answer: Professor and software developer, Norman H. Nie developed the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and contributed to advances in understanding social and political behavior. He was awarded both for his research contributions and the development of SPSS, and served as CEO and Chairman of the Board of SPSS until the company was purchased by IBM in 2009.

text: The answer should note that Nie died in 2015.

refinement: Professor and software developer, Norman H. Nie developed the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), and contributed to advances in understanding social and political behavior. He was awarded both for his research contributions and the development of SPSS, and served as CEO and Chairman of the Board of SPSS until the company was purchased by IBM in 2009. Nie died in 2015 of lung cancer.

answer: Norman H. Nie was a technology entrepreneur and social scientist who invented the software package SPSS which revolutionized the field of empirical social science. He was the recipient of several awards throughout his career including the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association for Public Opinion Research. He passed away in April 2015 at the age of 71.


text:
Samsung is apparently not keen on letting Apple's recent Maps mishap in Australia go unnoticed, and is poking fun of its rival in downtown Sydney today.

CNET Australiahas snapped pics of a little guerrilla marketing by Samsung featuring a muddied-up vehicle with a tent and other camping supplies. Next to it is a sign that says, "Oops, should have gotten a Samsung Galaxy S III. Get navigation you can trust."

[]
 Nic Healey/CNET Australia
[]
 Nic Healey/CNET Australia
The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

Over the weekend, local Australian police put out a notice encouraging iPhone owners to rely instead on paper maps or an alternate GPS system. The issue has since been fixed and attributed, in part, to a double listing in the national GPS database.

Samsung's poke at Apple is just its most recent marketing attack. The company has put considerable resources into a TV advertising campaign knocking Apple's devices as under-featured, and those who shop for it as out of touch.

The two companies continue to duke it out in the courtroom, with some of the fallout from the August verdict -- which found Samsung had infringed Apple's patents involving the iPhone and iPad -- to be determined over the next few weeks.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who are the two companies involved?

answer: The two companies involved are Samsung and Apple.

answer: Apple and Samsung.

answer: When the article post was written, Samsung and Apple were involved in a patent infringement case.

answer: Samsung and Apple

answer: Samsung and Apple

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Explain what the court case is about.

answer: This information is not in the document.

text: It is in the document

refinement: It was about Samsung infringing Apple's patents.

answer: Samsung infringed on Apple's patents involving the iPhone and iPad.

text: verdict -- which found Samsung had infringed Apple's patents involving the iPhone and iPad -- to be determined over the next few weeks.

answer: The court case is about whether Samsung has infringed on Apple's patents involving the iPhone and the iPad. The fallout from the August verdict is that Samsung must re-pay some of its profits from the sales of accused products, and also establish a licensing agreement sanctioning Apple's use of its technology. There is still more decision-making to be done in this case.

text: verdict -- which found Samsung had infringed Apple's patents involving the iPhone and iPad -- to be determined over the next few weeks.

answer: Question the article does not answer.

text: The article does answer the question

refinement: It was about Samsung infringing Apple's patents.

text: verdict -- which found Samsung had infringed Apple's patents involving the iPhone and iPad -- to be determined over the next few weeks.

answer: The court case between Apple and Samsung is based on allegations that the latter company has infringed Apple's patents regarding the iPhone and the iPad. Specifically, Samsung has allegedly duplicated aspects of the patented designs of both devices without permission. The case is ongoing and its outcome is yet to be determined.

text: The outcome of the court case is decided

refinement: The court case between Apple and Samsung is based on allegations that the latter company has infringed Apple's patents regarding the iPhone and the iPad. Specifically, Samsung has allegedly duplicated aspects of the patented designs of both devices without permission.

text: verdict -- which found Samsung had infringed Apple's patents involving the iPhone and iPad -- to be determined over the next few weeks.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What country did the incident in this article take place in?

answer: Australia

text: The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

answer: Australia.

text: The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

answer: Australia.

text: The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

answer: Australia.

text: The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

answer: Australia.

text: The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe the main focus of the article.

answer: A little guerrilla marketing by Samsung that includes a car lost in the wilderness and signage blaming it on getting a Samsung Galaxy S III

text: Quite the opposite

refinement: A little guerrilla marketing by Samsung that includes a car lost in the wilderness and signage saying that the users would have been better off if they had a Samsung Galaxy S III rather than an Apple

answer: The article focuses on Samsung poking fun at Apple in Sydney following Apple's Maps mishap in Australia. Specifically, Samsung has put up a small guerrilla marketing campaign with a muddied-up vehicle and signage reading "Oops, should have gotten a Samsung Galaxy S III. Get navigation you can trust." This marketing campaign references the recent incidents of people getting lost in a wilderness area around the Murray-Sunset National Park after relying on Apple's Maps software.

text: The lost vehicle and signage, of course, are referring to recent incidences of people getting stranded in a wilderness area around Australia's Murray-Sunset National Park instead of the town of Mildura after searching for the latter in Apple's Maps software.

answer: The main focus of the article is Samsung poking fun at Apple over its recent Maps mishap in Australia. The incident involves people getting lost due to widespread inaccuracies in Apple's Maps software. In response, Samsung is installing guerrilla marketing in downtown Sydney with a sign that says "Oops, should have gotten a Samsung Galaxy S III. Get navigation you can trust." The ongoing feud between the two companies continues, with Samsung continuing to use TV advertising to knock Apple's devices as under-featured.

answer: Samsung appears to be poking fun at Apple's Maps mishap in Australia.

text: A bit short on detail

refinement: The main focus of the article is Samsung poking fun at Apple over its recent Maps mishap in Australia. The incident involves people getting lost due to widespread inaccuracies in Apple's Maps software. In response, Samsung is installing guerrilla marketing in downtown Sydney with a sign that says "Oops, should have gotten a Samsung Galaxy S III. Get navigation you can trust." The ongoing feud between the two companies continues, with Samsung continuing to use TV advertising to knock Apple's devices as under-featured.

answer: A bit of guerilla marketing by Samsung poking fun at incidences of people getting stranded in the wilderness while using Apple's Maps software.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is the author of the article?

answer: The author of the article is Nic Healey, CNET Australia.

text: Nic Healey/CNET Australia

answer: That information can't be found.

text: The information is there.

answer: It is not indicated in the article

text: The information is there

answer: Nic Healey

text: Light on information

answer: The author of the article is CNET Australia.

text: This doesn't indicate the writer

refinement: The author of the article is Nic Healey/CNET Australia.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: CNET Australia reports that Samsung is poking fun at Apple's recent mishap involving its Maps software. Australians have been stranded in the Murray-Sunset National Park after utilizing Apple's Maps software.

answer: Samsung is mocking its rival Apple by placing a lost vehicle loaded with camping supplies in Sydney, and touting its own navigation software as better than Apple's after recent issues with Apple Maps on the Australian continent. The two companies continue to battle in court.

text: The last sentence is incorrect

refinement: Samsung is mocking its rival Apple by placing a lost vehicle loaded with camping supplies in Sydney, and touting its own navigation software as better than Apple's after recent issues with Apple Maps on the Australian continent.

answer: This article highlights a piece of guerilla marketing by Samsung in which they mock recent incidents where people wound up stranded in the wilderness when using Apple Maps. The article also details an ongoing patent infringement court case between the two rival companies.

answer: Samsung is taking aim at Apple, and is doing so with a slight level of humor. In Sydney, Australia, a prank was pulled where an enclosure is set up with a tent and accessory to "push" Samsung's GPS units.

text: This is not very clear

refinement: In Sydney, Australia, Samsung is taking the mickey out of Apple for the problem that they have had with their maps software. Samsung suggests that lost campers would be better off if they had a Samsung phone rather than an Apple.

answer: Samsung has set up makeshift signage in downtown Sydney poking fun at Apple over recent malfunctions with its own mapping software. The signage points out that a poor navigation experience is better than an inadequate one, and comes in response to recent incidents where people were stranded in the Australian wilderness after relying on Apple Maps. The two companies continue to battle each other over patent infringements.

text: The summary infringes the 2 sentence rule.

refinement: Samsung has set up makeshift signage in downtown Sydney poking fun at Apple over recent malfunctions with its own mapping software. The signage points out that a poor navigation experience is better than an inadequate one, and comes in response to recent incidents where people were stranded in the Australian wilderness after relying on Apple Maps.


text:
TPX (also known as TPX COMMUNICATIONS, U.S. TELEPACIFIC CORP; formerly TELEPACIFIC COMMUNICATIONS) is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. Founded in 1998, TPx delivers Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS), Managed IT services and Managed Connectivity services to approximately 25,000 customers with more than 50,000 locations across the U.S. TPx’s customers span every business sector and include many government and not-for-profit enterprises.[1]

Company background

Founded in 1998, TPx Communications is headquartered in Los Angeles and has regional offices across the country. It changed its name to TPx from TelePacific Communications in April 2017. On February 12, 2020, The company was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group, LLC (“Siris”), a leading private equity firm focused on investing and driving value creation in technology and telecommunications companies.[2]

TPx is currently headed by Joe Cozzolino. Other key executives include Russ Shipley, Chief Operating Officer; Brent Novak, Chief Financial Officer; Kyle Seiter, Chief Information Officer, Greg Daily, Chief Revenue Officer; David Zahn, Senior Vice President of Marketing; Jim Delis, Senior Vice President of National Channel Development.

Services

TPx Communications offers a range of services. These services include:[3]

-   MANAGED IT
-   MANAGED SECURITY
-   MANAGED CONNECTIVITY

Recent acquisitions

TPx Communications expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies.

In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. With the addition of DSCI's Northeastern presence and customer base, TelePacific accelerated its transition from a regional to national managed services provider. Key DSCI products include Unified Communications and Managed IT solutions.[4]

In August 2010, TelePacific purchased Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc's retail customer business as well as its downtown Sacramento data center.[5] With the acquisition of 01 Communications, TelePacific gained 50 new employees, an additional 1,000 business customers and enhanced IP assets in California, as well as 01's data center. The purchase increased TelePacific's total footprint to 1.18 million access lines, serving about 38,000 business and wholesale customers in California and Nevada.[6]

In December 2010, TelePacific announced the purchase of Covad Wireless, also known as NextWeb, Inc., from MegaPath, allowing TelePacific to offer more services to enterprise customers in California and Nevada.[7][8] With the acquisition of Covad Wireless, TelePacific was able to provide customers with more choices of high-bandwidth data products, having symmetrical uploads, retain a maximum download speed of 100 Mbit/s, special event Internet access and new redundancy options.[9] More specifically, through this acquisition, “TelePacific [gained control of] WiMAX-featured wireless broadband network, a licensed microwave backhaul network, and a high bandwidth wireless network operating in licensed LMDS spectrum. The new network assets [complemented] TelePacific's existing footprint and [allowed] the company to broaden its product offerings..”[10]

TelePacific Communications announced plans to acquire Orange County Internet Xchange in May 2011 and finalized the acquisition in June 2011. This acquisition gave TelePacific an extra SAS 70 Type II certified data center, located in Santa Ana, California.[11] TelePacific also announced plans to expand the OCiX facility to to accommodate current customers with more private meeting space and storage space. The acquisition also helped OCiX customers consolidate their voice and data services with one provider.[12]

TelePacific also announced the acquisition of Tel West in Texas in June 2011, which expanded TelePacific's footprint into Texas. Tel West brought TelePacific about 3,400 Small and Medium Business (SMB) customers across Texas, as well as a service portfolio of high speed Internet and other telecommunications services, including nationwide capabilities. Enterprise customers and governments gained by TelePacific through this acquisition spanned across six major metropolitan areas in Texas, including Dallas, Austin, San Antonio, Houston, Fort Worth, and Corpus Christi. Assets purchased from Tel West included nationwide PCI compliant MPLS/OC-192 backbone, cloud-based security services, managed network services, and a hosted PBX platform.[13]

Sales Organization

TPx distributes and sells its services through a mix of independent sales channels: midmarket (direct), wholesale, and indirect. The wholesale channel reports to Russ Shipley. The company's top performing indirect sales agencies in 2015 included Sandler Partners, Top Speed Data Communications, Bridgepointe Technologies, World Telecom Group, Intelisys, PSI Networks, Datatel Solutions, Network Consulting Group, Telecom Brokers Solutions and Telarus.[14]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5] Anderson, Mark (August 2, 2010) “01 Communications sells retail business to TelePacific” _Sacramento Business Journal_. Retrieved August 16, 2011

[6] Buckley, Sean (October 4, 2010) “TelePacific's 01 Communications acquisition strengthens its SMB service ties” _Fierce Telecom_. Retrieved August 16, 2011.

[7] Powell, Rob (December 23, 2010) “TelePacific Purchases Covad Wireless” _TeleCom Ramblings._ Retrieved August 12, 2011

[8] Buckley, Sean (April 4, 2011) “TelePacific finishes acquisition of Covad's wireless unit” _Fierce Telecom._ Retrieved August 12, 2011

[9] Azuri, Calvin (April 4, 2011) “TelePacific Communications Acquires Covad Wireless” _Mobility Techzone_. Retrieved August 16, 2011

[10] (April 4, 2011) “TelePacific Communications Completes Acquisition of Fixed Wireless Internet Service Provider Covad Wireless” _The Street_. Retrieved August 16, 2011

[11] (May 5, 2011) “TelePacific Communications to Acquire Orange County Internet Xchange” _PR Newswire_ Press Release. Retrieved August 11, 2011

[12] Shanbhag, Jyothi (June 3, 2011) “TelePacific Communications Acquires Orange County Internet Xchange” _Financial Tech Spotlight_. Retrieved August 16, 2011

[13] Buckley, Sean (June 29, 2011) “TelePacific establishes Texas market presence via Tel West acquisition” _Fierce Telecom_. Retrieved August 16, 2011

[14] TelePacific Facebook Page Posted March 13, 2015

title: TPx Communications

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about TPX services?

answer: TPX offers a range of services, the two major products being Unified Communications and Managed Connectivity services.

text: TShould mention their Managed IT and Security services.

refinement: TPX offers a range of services, the two major products being Unified Communications and Managed Connectivity services. They also offer Managed IT and Managed Security services.

answer: TelePacific Communications offers a range of services, including: Managed IT, Managed Security, and Managed Connectivity.

text: Should mention Unified Communications.

refinement: TelePacific Communications offers a range of services, including: Managed IT, Managed Security, and Managed Connectivity. They also offer Unified Communications as a Service.

answer: TPX offers a range of services, Managed IT services and Managed Connectivity services being the two major products. Managed Connectivity services include Unified Communications and Managed IT solutions adopted by DSCI.

answer: TPX communications offers a number of services. They include Managed IT, Managed Securtty and Managed Connectivity.

text: "Securtty" should be "Security"

refinement: TPX communications offers a number of services. They include Managed IT, Managed Security and Managed Connectivity.

text: The answer could mention Unified Communications.

refinement: TPX communications offers a number of services. They include Managed IT, Managed Security and Managed Connectivity. They also deliver Unified Communications as a Service.

answer: TPX communications offers a number of services. They include managing data storage and hardware, managed security and managed connectivity, Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS), and lastly, managed IT Services.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about TPx's recent acquisitions?

answer: After TelePacific was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group in 2020, it expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies. In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI, and was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group. This allowed TPx to become ubiquitously available across the U.S., as they added three new members to their executive team; this transition means they are accomplishing the goal of offering a high level of service to even more customers by acquiring more companies, with more detailed targeted saturations. 2015, TPx Communications added three more companies to its portfolio by purchasing, expanding their footprint and gaining more resources.

text: The part about adding three new members to the executive team is unattested.

refinement: After TelePacific was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group in 2020, it expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies. In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI, and was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group. 2015, TPx Communications added three more companies to its portfolio by purchasing, expanding their footprint and gaining more resources.

text: TelePacific being acquired by Siris Capital Group is not relevant.

refinement: In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI, and was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group. 2015, TPx Communications added three more companies to its portfolio by purchasing, expanding their footprint and gaining more resources.

text: TelePacific was not acquired by Siris in 2016.

refinement: In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. 2015, TPx Communications added three more companies to its portfolio by purchasing, expanding their footprint and gaining more resources.

text: The company didn't make any acquisitions in 2015.

refinement: In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI.

text: The answer should mention other companies they acquired.

refinement: In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. Other recent acquisitions include 01 Communications Inc, Covad Wireless, Orange County Internet Xchange, and Tel West.

answer: TPx expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies. In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. In August 2010, TelePacific purchased Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc. In December 2010, TelePacific acquired Covad Wireless.

text: The answer could also mention the two other acquisitions.

refinement: TPx expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies. In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. In August 2010, TelePacific purchased Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc. In December 2010, TelePacific acquired Covad Wireless. They also acquired Orange County Internet Xchange and Tel West.

answer: TPx expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies. In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. In August 2010, TelePacific purchased Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc. In December 2010, TelePacific acquired Covad Wireless. TelePacific also announced the acquisition of Tel West in Texas in 2011.

text: Could mention Orange County Internet Xchange.

refinement: TPx expanded its markets, customer base, and service portfolio by acquiring a number of communications companies. In September 2016, TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI. In August 2010, TelePacific purchased Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc. In December 2010, TelePacific acquired Covad Wireless. TelePacific also announced the acquisition of Tel West in Texas and Orange County Internet Xchange in 2011.

answer: Of note is the purchase of numerous communications companies (since 2016): TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI, Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc., Covad Wireless, Tel West (Texas), and Orange County Internet Xchange. The acquisitions accelerated TPx's transition from a regional to national managed services provider. TPx also continues to offer a mix of independent sales channels: midmarket (direct), wholesale, and indirect.

text: The last line is not related to acquisitions.

refinement: Of note is the purchase of numerous communications companies (since 2016): TelePacific acquired leading managed services provider DSCI, Sacramento-based 01 Communications Inc., Covad Wireless, Tel West (Texas), and Orange County Internet Xchange. The acquisitions accelerated TPx's transition from a regional to national managed services provider.

answer: In September 2016, TelePacific acquired DSCI, lead managed services provider. In 2010 TelePacific bought 01 Communications' retail customer business. Fortune long-time Tech equity firm, bought in 2010. They acquired not only 01 Communications but also some of their assets which included: Backbone/UTP fiber assets, IP/T1/E1 hybrid accesses, onboard equipment, and ticket charges.

answer: In September 2016, TelePacific acquired DSCI lead managed services provider. In 2010 TelePacific bought 01 Communications' retail customer business. Fortune long-time Tech equity firm, bought in 2010. They acquired not only 01 Communications but also some of their assets which included: Backbone/UTP fiber assets, IP/T1/E1 hybrid accesses, onboard equipment, and ticket charges.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about TPx's Sales Organization tactics?

answer: TPx's sales and marketing scope is considered mixed. It engages diverse channels, not sticking to just one. In comparison with competitors, it seems to boast a better customer relationship, as well as cost-effectivity.

text: The statements concerning the sales channels could be more clearly phrased.

refinement: TPx uses a mix of independent sales channels: midmarket, wholesale, and indirect. In comparison with competitors, it seems to boast a better customer relationship, as well as cost-effectivity.

text: The line about their customer relationship is not relevant.

refinement: TPx uses a mix of independent sales channels: midmarket, wholesale, and indirect.

answer: TPx distributes it services and sells them through a mix of independent channels, including midmarket and wholesale. Additionally, they target what they call indirect sales channels.

answer: TPx distributes it services and sells them through a mix of independent channels, including midmarket and wholesale. Additionally, they target what they call indirect sales channels, including Sandler Partners, Top Speed Data Communications, Bridgepointe Technologies, World Telecom Group, Intelisys, and Datatel.

answer:
Around 2017, TPx set up a distribution and sales force that included an independent sales channel model, using a mix of midmarket (direct), wholesale, and indirect model. The models report directly to TPx's sales leader, Russ Shipley.
TPx is currently slated to expand its indirect sales channels during 2019, but the specific plans did not mention what the new development would entail. So, the coverage to this section is unclear.

text: The statement about expanding their indirect sales channels is unattested.

refinement: Around 2017, TPx set up a distribution and sales force that included an independent sales channel model, using a mix of midmarket (direct), wholesale, and indirect model. The models report directly to TPx's sales leader, Russ Shipley.

answer: TPX's sales and marketing scope is considered mixed. It engages diverse channels, not sticking to just one. In comparison with competitors, it seems to boast a better customer relationship, as well as cost-effectivity. It has indirect, wholesale and direct sales channels. Prineo, Sandler Partners, and Covad are listed direct partners. Top Speed Data Communications, Bridgepointe Technologies, World Telecom Group, Intelisys, and PSI Networks are considered top performing indirect agencies.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about TPx's company background?

answer: TPx Communications is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. They were founded in 1998 by TelePacific Communications, and they changed their name to TPx Communications in April 2017. Before they changed their name to TPx Communications, they were briefly known as TelePacific Communications.

text: They weren't founded by TelePacfic Communications; rather, that was their previous name.

refinement: TPx Communications is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. They were founded in 1998, going by the name TelePacific Communications, and they changed their name to TPx Communications in April 2017. Before they changed their name to TPx Communications, they were briefly known as TelePacific Communications.

text: Last line is redundant.

refinement: TPx Communications is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. They were founded in 1998, going by the name TelePacific Communications, and they changed their name to TPx Communications in April 2017.

text: The company's acquisition should be mentioned.

refinement: TPx Communications is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. They were founded in 1998, going by the name TelePacific Communications, and they changed their name to TPx Communications in April 2017. The company was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group, LLC, a private equity firm.

answer: Not answered.

text: The answer should mention the company's founding and name change.

refinement: The company was founded in 1998 as TelePacific Communications and changed its name to TPx in 2017.

text: The answer should mention the company's acquisition.

refinement: The company was founded in 1998 as TelePacific Communications and changed its name to TPx in 2017. It was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group, LLC, a leading private equity firm.

answer:
TPx (also known as TPX Communications, U.S. TelePacific Corp., originally TelePacific Communication) is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. Founded in 1998, TPx delivers Unified Communications as a Service (UCaaS), Managed IT services and Managed Connectivity services to 25,000 customers across the U.S. TPx’s customers span every business sector, and the company was recently acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group.

TPx Communications is currently headed by Joe Cozzolino. TPx offers a range of services.

text: The answer does not need to state the services offered or its customer base.

refinement:
TPx (also known as TPX Communications, U.S. TelePacific Corp., originally TelePacific Communication) is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. Founded in 1998, the company was recently acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group.

TPx Communications is currently headed by Joe Cozzolino.

answer: TPX is a privately held, leading, national provider of managed services in unified communications, managed IT services and managed connectivity providers located in Los Angeles, with regional offices across the country. It was founded in 1998, changed its name in April 2017 to TPx Communications. Then, on February 12, 2020, The company was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group, a private equity firm focused on investing and driving value creation in technology and telecommunications companies.

text: First line is unnecessary.

refinement: It was founded in 1998, changed its name in April 2017 to TPx Communications. Then, on February 12, 2020, The company was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group, a private equity firm focused on investing and driving value creation in technology and telecommunications companies.

answer: TPX is a privately held, leading, national provider of managed services in unified communications, managed IT services, and managed connectivity providers located in Los Angeles, with regional offices across the country. It was founded in 1998, changed its name in April 2017 to TPx Communications. Then, on February 12, 2020, The company was acquired by affiliates of Siris Capital Group, a private equity firm focused on investing and driving value creation in technology and telecommunications companies.

answer: TPx Communications is a privately held leading national provider of managed services. They were founded in 1998, and they changed their name to TPx Communications in April 2017. Before they changed their name to TPx Communications, they were briefly known as TelePacific Communications.


text:
MONGOLIA–VIETNAM RELATIONS are bilateral relations between Mongolia and Vietnam. Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

Treaties

The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.[1] Although Mongolia did not directly participate in the Vietnam war, it nevertheless expressed ideological support for North Vietnam by similar supported (#Mongolia) in the World War II to Soviet Union and Korean war to North Korea, and provided livestock as material assistance, including more than 100,000 head of horses, cows, and sheep. After the war, Mongolia received and brought up more than 400 war-orphaned children in 1960-1970s,. North Vietnam leader Ho Chi Minh visited Mongolia and expressed his appreciation of Mongolia's support during wartime; Mongolian leader Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal paid a reciprocal visit to Hanoi later that year. At that time, the two countries signed the Agreement on Economic and Cultural Cooperation and in the following year began to conduct bilateral trade. The countries signed a Friendship and Cooperation Treaty in 1961, renewed it in 1979, and signed a new one in 1995.[2] On 13 January 2003, the countries signed an 8-point cooperative document committing to cooperation between the two governments and their legislative bodies, replacing an earlier document signed in 1998.[3]

There have been 13 sessions of the Vietnam-Mongolia inter-governmental committee on cooperation in trade, economics and sci-tech, with the next to be held in Ulaanbaatar in 2010.[4] On 25 May 2004 in Ulaanbaatar, the countries signed agreements on railway transport and scientific and technological cooperation.[5] Other agreements have covered areas such as plant protection and quarantine regulations, customs, health and education.[6]

Diplomatic visits

[The Vietnamese embassy in Ulan Bator, Mongolia] Vietnamese Presidents Ho Chi Minh and Trần Đức Lương visited Mongolia in 1955 and 2004 respectively.[7] Mongolian Presidents Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, Nambaryn Enkhbayar and Natsagiin Bagabandi visited Vietnam in 1994, 2002 and 2005 respectively.[8]

Trade

Vietnam's exports to Mongolia have risen from US$2.4m in 2005, to US$3.3m in 2006 and US$5.7m in 2007.[9] They are aiming for US$10m of bilateral trade by 2010.[10] During Nguyen Minh Triet's visit to Mongolia in October 2008, Vietnam agreed to sell 20,000 tonnes of rice to Mongolia.[11]

Other ties

The Christina Nobel Children Fund is a charity funding medical care for street children in the two countries.[12]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

title: Mongolia–Vietnam relations

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Does Vietnam have a embassy in Mongolia?

answer: Yes Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

text: Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

answer: Yes, Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

text: Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

answer: The text doesn't state that Mongolia has a Vietnamese embassy in its borders.

text: It explicitly states this within the first paragraph.

answer: Yes, Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

text: Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

answer: Yes.

text: Vietnam has an embassy in Ulaanbaatar.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When did Mongolia and Vietnam establish diplomatic ties?

answer: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.

text: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.[1]

answer: They established diplomatic ties in 1954.

text: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.[1]

answer: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.

text: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.[1]

answer: In 1954.

text: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.[1]

answer: They established diplomatic ties in 1954.

text: The two countries established diplomatic ties in 1954.[1]

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What volume of trade occurs between Mongolia and Vietnam?

answer: Mongolia and Vietnam currently engage in around US$10 million worth of bilateral trade annually.

text: They are aiming for this figure-it isn't the case just yet (as of the time of this article's last edit).

refinement: Mongolia and Vietnam currently hopes to engage in around US$10 million worth of bilateral trade annually.

answer: In 2007, Vietnam's exports to Mongolia were valued at US $5.7 million. The countries are aiming for US $10 million of bilateral trade by 2010.

answer: In 2007, Vietnam's exports to Mongolia amounted to US $5.7m and the countries are aiming for $10m in 2010.

answer: The volume of trade between the two countries has risen from US$2.4 million in 2005-2006 to US$5.7 million in 2007. The two countries have a mutual aim of US$10 million of bilateral trade by 2010.

answer: The volume of trade between Mongolia and Vietnam is roughly between US$5.7 million and US$10 million.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How many diplomatic visits have occurred between Vietnam and Mongolia?

answer: Two visits have occurred between Vietnamese and Mongolian Presidents: one visit each by Vietnamese leader Ho Chi Minh and Mongolian leader Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal.

text: I count five.

refinement: Five visits have occurred between Vietnamese and Mongolian Presidents.

answer: Six diplomatic visits between Vietnam and Mongolia have occurred since Vietnam and Mongolia established diplomatic relations in 1954.

text: I'm not sure where the extra one comes from as I count five.

refinement: Five diplomatic visits between Vietnam and Mongolia have occurred since Vietnam and Mongolia established diplomatic relations in 1954.

answer: 5 total visits have occurred between the leaders of Vietnam and Mongolia.

answer: Eight diplomatic visits between the two countries have occurred. The Vietnamese President Ho Chi Minh visited Mongolia in 1955, while Mongolian Presidents Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, Nambaryn Enkhbayar, and Natsagiin Bagabandi visited Vietnam in 1994, 2002, and 2005 respectively.

text: That number equals five.

refinement: Five diplomatic visits between the two countries have occurred. The Vietnamese President Ho Chi Minh visited Mongolia in 1955, while Mongolian Presidents Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, Nambaryn Enkhbayar, and Natsagiin Bagabandi visited Vietnam in 1994, 2002, and 2005 respectively.

answer: The article only lists three diplomatic visits: 1. President Ho Chi Minh visited in 1955. 2. President Tran Duc Luong in 2004. 3. President Punalmasag Ai visited in 2004.

text: I counted five.

refinement: Vietnamese Presidents Ho Chi Minh and Trần Đức Lương visited Mongolia in 1955 and 2004 respectively.[7] Mongolian Presidents Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, Nambaryn Enkhbayar and Natsagiin Bagabandi visited Vietnam in 1994, 2002 and 2005 respectively.[8]

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: Vietnam and Mongolia have established diplomatic ties since 1954. Mongolia expressed ideological support for North Vietnam during the Vietnam war. Five diplomatic visits have occurred between the two countries. They are aiming for US $10 million in bilateral trade by 2010.

answer:
Vietnam established relations with Mongolia in 1954. There were Vietnam-Mongolia inter-governmental committees on cooperation, as well as trade agreements on railway transport and bilateral trade reaching up to $10 million in 2010.

There have been 13 sessions of the Vietnam-Mongolia inter-governmental committee on cooperation in trade, economics and sci-tech, with the next to be held in Ulaanbaatar in 2010. Since 2005, Vietnam exports to Mongolia have risen from US$2.4 million to US$5.7 million by 2007.

answer: Mongolia and Vietnam have established diplomatic ties since 1954. Both countries acknowledge each other's support during the Vietnam War, and conduct ongoing bilateral trade and cooperation. Recently, Vietnam has agreed to sell 20,000 tonnes of rice to Mongolia, and also signed agreements on railway transport and scientific and technological cooperation. Street children in the two countries also benefit from charitable organizations.

answer:
Mongolia is a country filled with nomadic people. It was occupied by the Soviet Union during the second half of the 20th century, which ruled the country until the 1990s. The country's support for the North Vietnam during the Vietnam War did not go unnoticed.

Vietnam has established an embassy in Ulaanbaatar, the capital, which is the only Mongolian city with a population over 1000.

Mongolia upholds friendship with Vietnam.

answer: Mongolia and Vietnam have established diplomatic relations since 1954. Today, the two countries cooperate in areas such as trade and scientific and technological research. Recently, Vietnam agreed to sell 20,000 tonnes of rice to Mongolia, and the Christina Nobel Children Fund is providing medical care for children in both countries.


text:
I was in the main hallway of our house, preparing a batch of tomato sauce.

The place was big and clean, and had huge glass windows overlooking the beach. Life had been pretty good lately. There had been a lot of changes and adaptations, but on the whole it was easier, better. No more worries of nations falling apart or people going hungry. I'd even gotten into cooking on my own terms.

But I had to get the damn sauces made right now, so the crews could distribute them to the neighborhood; a real neat labor division, for anyone in the radius who wanted fresh tomato sauce. I loved cooking, but the rigid schedules I knew I would only ever despise.

I absently maneuvered past my father in the hallway and almost dropped the big metal cylinder. A frantic thought passed through my head: *I'll have to make another because I'm going to drop this one*, and I had the strange impression that a drop-down menu with a Copy function would have been the absolute best way to remedy the situation. To my surprise I recovered with the cylinder still snugly in my hands.

When I looked up at the countertop on the side of the hall, ready to heft the batch of sauce onto its receptacle plate, I found that there was already a cylinder of sauce there.

I had only *made one*. I put the ingredients in, stirred, cooked... I racked my memory. The tall tub of sauce that was on the counter *hadn't* been made, but there it was.

I realized I had copied it. I made another drop-down in my mind, and there it was, plain as day, a Copy function. While carrying a bucket of tomato sauce, I could think something that made something impossible happen.

I hit the Copy function, and then there were two cylinders of sauce on the counter. My arms were going numb now, more from shock's adrenaline than the weight of the bucket, so I set the third next to them.

I made another drop-down in my mind. There was nothing on it now. Just blank. No Copying. The tub of sauce had to be in my hands for it to work.

A very strange feeling began to creep up on me. I felt compelled to slam the extra sauce buckets into the trash receptacle before anyone could see them and ask me to explain what I was doing, what I was doing to the matter and energy I'd created by impossibility, but I rejected it. I'd been a crazy person all my life, and now I had the chance to show my family I had every right to be crazy.

I didn't get off to a good start on that.

"*Look! Look!*" I yelled, eyes wide, backpedaling through the living room with my finger pointing at arm's length, instantly accusing the utterly inanimate buckets and their basil-flavored contents of abominable witchery.

My father gave me a stale look. It could have been facial sign language in our family for *oh no, here we go again*. He waved my son over, and they left the room through the screen doors to play on the beach. I beamed a hurt look into the backs of their heads, but I couldn't bring myself to confront them verbally. The door closed behind them, and Mom turned to face me with a suppressed scowl.

*There's still a chance to change your mind,* said some weird impression from my memories. *You can stop this. Or you can take another risk. But whatever you do,* ***move fast***.

"Be respectful around your father! He's been through so much," said Mom, as my father and my son walked out of earshot.

"Look," I said, as quietly and firmly as I could, and pointed at the counter again.

Both our pairs of eyes followed my accusing finger again, and found three buckets of sauce on the counter. I fought the urge to sprint as I went over to pick one up. With the bucket in my hands, I took a breath and summoned another menu in my mind.

It was blank.

Then it hit me; when the weird voice spoke to me, I had been so afraid, I'd done some other strange thing, and cleared the ability out of instinctual fear.

"Huh... wait. I have to make another! It saved the *procedure*," I said, and began throwing cabinets open to find an empty bucket and more ingredients.

Outside, it began raining. I thought it had been clear a moment ago, but this was a whole new climate for me. In fact, we'd moved here because my father and I had missed the rain.

*Hurry,* said the voice from my memories, fouling my happiness with the rain, giving it the flavor of rotten meat. *Unexpectedly* rotten, the worst flavor.

"Oh, Lz_erk," said my mother, "you can't keep doing this. Don't you remember what happened last time, when we found you screaming in a ball in the middle of the house?"

*Middle of the house?* My inner dialogue mocked, ever more eloquent than my stumbling speech; *You mean the pit that existed that whole afternoon. The impossible pit under the house that was gone only hours later. It was raining then too, and hard, and the water pooled around my knees and soaked my gloves and jacket while I screamed out my infantile confusion from a muddy gorge right under us. You never did come up with a plausible excuse for why you found me soaking wet when I appeared in the other hall. Never matched how I supposedly got there with the timestamps on the uses of the home's access points.*

I was banging the sauce together as quick as I could, but it had only been two seconds while I thought, and I barely had an empty pot on the counter. *You're running out of time,* "said" the impression from my memories. Panic struck me as I found the layers of meaning in the memories: the dread, the knowledge that something unusual was going to happen, was thickening around me like a vat of corn starch and water under attack by flamethrowers.

"I copied the sauce," I said. "I can do it again if I have time, I swear, but I copied it -- they appeared out of nowhere. Look at them, why would I make *three*?"

I looked outside while Mom pondered my statements, and saw that the rain was coming down *hard*. It was thick pellets, droplets like hailstones, big enough to see in their diagonal downward pounding even at this distance to the windows in the living room. I was worried for my father and my son, but it was obvious now that what I had done was making it rain. Just like last time. The world was going into debug mode.

I shouted, "do you realize what this means? *The world is a simulation!*"

"You have to stop this," said my mother. "Don't you remember what happened last time? When you were sick. We found the solution, and everything was okay again."

I stared at her in disbelief as the waves swelled outside.

title: Debug Mode [1120 words, sci-fi/horror]

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

According to the passage, what kind of being is the narrator? Is he a robot or a human being?

answer: The narrator is a human being.

answer:
The narrator just finished making tomato sauce. As he walks around carrying the sauce, he has a premonition he did drop the sauce tub. At the same time, he unconsciously thought about copying and pasting the sauce so he could save it from being wasted.

A few moments later the narrator saw a tub of sauce on the counter, the exact kind of sauce he is holding in his hands. He realizes he has just copy and pasted a sauce into existence. He is worried about this development and speaks with his father, who ignores him. His mum expresses her worries about his mental health.

At this point, it is clear that the narrator is a human being having some kind of computer code experience in his mind.

text: Lots of irrelevant information

refinement: At this point, it is clear that the narrator is a human being having some kind of computer code experience in his mind.

text: I wouldn't say this conclusion is "clear" but it is plausible

refinement: It is plausible that the narrator is a human being having some kind of computer code experience in his mind.

answer: According to the passage, the narrator is crazed. He is on two meds for his problems. That makes him crazy and also a robot. He copied tomato sauce. A robot could copy tomato sauce.

text: None of this is supported

text: Provide a response

refinement: There is nothing to suggest that the narrator is not human, but they claim that the world is a simulation.

answer: The narrator appears to be human.

answer: That information isn't clear in the story.