text:
ROBERT GORDON MARTYN (August 15, 1930 – December 2, 2015) was a right fielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Kansas City Athletics in parts of three seasons spanning 1957–1959. Listed at 6' 0", 176 lb., Martyn batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Weiser, Idaho.

College career

Martin was an alumnus of Linfield College, where his father Bernard Martyn, aunt Lillian Turner Millsap and uncle Bill Turner also attended. Martin's first year at Linfield was 1948, and e attended the college not only because much of his family went there, but also because it was affiliated with the Baptist church he went to.

Although Martin played shortstop at high school in Twin Falls, Idaho, his baseball coach Henry Lever immediately changed his position to outfielder. Martyn once said of the change, “That was probably a major break for my future.”

Additionally, Martyn was selected a Northwest Conference All-Star in three consecutive seasons from 1950 to 1952, while helping lead the Linfield Wildcats to conference championship victories in 1950 and 1951.

Academically, Martyn double-majored in mathematics and sociology and he graduated cum laude. While playing professional baseball, he earned his masters degree in education in 1959, studying between seasons.

In 2000, Martyn was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame. His father, Bernard Martyn was elected in 1999. They are one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.[1]

Playing career

Minor Leagues

Originally signed by the New York Yankees in 1952, Martyn debuted on July 4 of that year and went 5-for-6 for the Class-C Boise Yankees.

In a seven-season career, Martyn hit .298 with 48 home runs and 117 runs batted in in 671 games. He also was named to three All-Star teams while in the minors. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game, he hit two home runs and earned Most Valuable Player honors.

Major Leagues

On June 15, 1957, the Yankees traded Martyn along Woodie Held, Billy Martin and Ralph Terry to the Athletics in the same transaction that brought Ryne Duren, Jim Pisoni and Harry Simpson to New York.

Just three days after the trade, Martyn made his big league debut facing the Washington Senators. He appeared at right field and went 1–4 with a walk in his first big game.

He finished the season with an average of .267 (35-for-131)

Overall, Martyn hit .267 (35-for-131) with one home run and 12 RBI in 58 game appearances. The following year, he appeared in 95 games and batted .261 (59-for-226) with two homers and 23 RBI, ending sixth in the American League with seven triples and ninth with five intentional walks.

Martyn was used sparingly after that, appearing as a pinch hitter for Bob Grim in 1959. He grounded out and never appeared in a major league game again. On April 12, 1959, he was traded back to the Yankees along with Mike Baxes in exchange for Tom Carroll and Russ Snyder.

In a three-season career, he hit .263 (94-for-358) with three home runs and 35 RBI, including 35 runs scored, 12 doubles, 11 triples and two stolen bases in 154 games.

Later years

After his professional baseball career ended in 1960, Martyn worked for Tektronix for 23 years. He served twice on the Linfield Alumni Board and was president in 1973.

Martyn died in 2015 in Pacific City, Oregon at the age of 85.[2]

Sources

[1] Linfield College Athletics

[2] Obituary

title: Bob Martyn

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to education.

answer: Martin attended Linfield College, as did several of his family members. The school was affiliated with the Baptist church he'd gone to. In his undergraduate studies, he majored in mathematics and sociology, and graduated cum laude. He earned his masters degree in education in 1959 while playing professional baseball. He later served twice for the Linfield Alumni Board, and was president in 1973.

text: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho, before moving on to college. Include his high school in the response as well as it relates to education.

refinement: Martin attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho, and went on to Linfield College, as did several of his family members. The school was affiliated with the Baptist church he'd gone to. In his undergraduate studies, he majored in mathematics and sociology, and graduated cum laude. He earned his masters degree in education in 1959 while playing professional baseball. He later served twice for the Linfield Alumni Board, and was president in 1973.

answer: Robert Gordon Martyn also earned his masters degree in education in1959. He graduated cum laude from Linfield College in 1956. He double-majored in mathematics and sociology and was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame. His father, Bernard Martyn was elected in 1999. They are one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.

text: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho, before moving on to college. Include his high school in the response as well as it relates to education.

refinement: Robert Gordon Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. also earned his masters degree in education in1959. He graduated cum laude from Linfield College in 1956. He double-majored in mathematics and sociology and was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame. His father, Bernard Martyn was elected in 1999. They are one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.

text: Move the information on Martyn's college degree to just after his high school education and before his post-graduate studies. In this way, the response will move chronologically.

refinement: Robert Gordon Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. He graduated cum laude from Linfield College in 1956 having double-majored in mathematics and sociology. also earned his masters degree in education in1959.  and was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame. His father, Bernard Martyn was elected in 1999. They are one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.

text: Complete the sentence regarding Martyn's post-graduate studies and add a space between 'in' and '1959'.

refinement: Robert Gordon Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. He graduated cum laude from Linfield College in 1956 having double-majored in mathematics and sociology. Martyn earned his masters degree in education in 1959.  and was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame. His father, Bernard Martyn was elected in 1999. They are one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.

text: Add the year in which Martyn was elected to Linfield's hall of fame.

refinement: Robert Gordon Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. He graduated cum laude from Linfield College in 1956 having double-majored in mathematics and sociology. Martyn earned his masters degree in education in 1959.  Martyn was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame in 2000. His father, Bernard Martyn was elected in 1999. They are one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.

answer: Martyn graduated cum laude and has also earned a master's degree. He studied between seasons while playing professional baseball. He is one of two father-son in the Linfield Athletics hall of Fame.

text: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho, before moving on to college. Include his high school in the response as well as it relates to education.

refinement: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho, and went on to graduate cum laude and has also earned a master's degree. He studied between seasons while playing professional baseball. He is one of two father-son in the Linfield Athletics hall of Fame.

text: Martyn double-majored in Sociology and Mathematics and graduated cum laude from Linfield College. Include the information on his course selection and alma mater in the response.

refinement: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. Martyn went on to graduate cum laude from Linfield College with a double major in Sociology and Mathematics. and has also earned a master's degree. He studied between seasons while playing professional baseball. He is one of two father-son in the Linfield Athletics hall of Fame.

text: Consolidate the information on Martyn's post-graduate studies in the response to reflect that he earned his master's degree in Education while playing professional baseball.

refinement: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. Martyn went on to graduate cum laude from Linfield College with a double major in Sociology and Mathematics. He studied between seasons while playing professional baseball and earned his master's degree in Education. He is one of two father-son in the Linfield Athletics hall of Fame.

text: Add the word 'combinations' after 'father-son' to speak to the pairing and capitalize the 'h' in Hall of Fame.

refinement: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. Martyn went on to graduate cum laude from Linfield College with a double major in Sociology and Mathematics. He studied between seasons while playing professional baseball and earned his master's degree in Education. He is one of two father-son combinations in the Linfield Athletics hall of Fame.

answer: Robert Martyn graduated cum laude from Linfield College, double-majored in mathematics and sociology, earned his masters degree in education while playing professional baseball, and became president of the Linfield Alumni Board.

text: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. Include this part of his education in the response as well.

refinement: Robert Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, graduated cum laude from Linfield College, double-majored in mathematics and sociology, earned his masters degree in education while playing professional baseball, and became president of the Linfield Alumni Board.

answer: Robert Martyn attended Linfield College where he double-majored in mathematics and sociology. He graduated cum laude and while playing professional baseball he earned his masters degree in education. Martyn also served twice on the Linfield Alumni Board and was president in 1973.

text: Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls, Idaho. Include this part of his education in the response as well.

refinement: Robert Martyn attended high school in Twin Falls and went on to Linfield College where he double-majored in mathematics and sociology. He graduated cum laude and while playing professional baseball he earned his masters degree in education. Martyn also served twice on the Linfield Alumni Board and was president in 1973.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Martyn's baseball career ending?

answer: According to the passage, Martyn's professional baseball career ended in 1960.

answer: Martyn ended his professional baseball career with the New York Yankees in 1960.

answer: Martyn's playing career ended in 1960, after he was traded to the Yankees and then killed as an outfielder in one season. A year later, Martyn was traded back to the Yankees, but never received a major league game again.  Martyn was a right fielder and batted left-handed, and threw right-handed.

text: Duplicate information on Martyn's final trade to Yankees. Remove the second of the two sentences.

refinement: Martyn's playing career ended in 1960, after he was traded to the Yankees and then killed as an outfielder in one season. Martyn was a right fielder and batted left-handed, and threw right-handed.

text: Martyn grounded out while he was a pinch hitter and never appeared in a major league game again. Change the wording from 'killed out' to 'grounded out'. Also include the information that it was his last appearance in a major league game. Ensure that the response reads that he grounded out before being traded back to the Yankees.

refinement: Martyn grounded out and never appeared in a major league game again. In 1960 his playing career ended after he was traded to the Yankees. Martyn was a right fielder and batted left-handed, and threw right-handed.

answer:
from his playing career of baseball

17. In 2000, Martyn was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.
18. He played professionally for three seasons until 1960

text: Remove '17.' and '18.' from the response as well as the partial sentence 'from his playing career of baseball' from the start of the response.

refinement:
In 2000, Martyn was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.
He played professionally for three seasons until 1960

text: Change the order of the sentences to reflect the order chronologically.

refinement: He played professionally for three seasons until 1960. In 2000, Martyn was elected to the Linfield College Athletics Hall of Fame.

answer: After ending sixth in the American league, Martyn was used sparingly. He appeared as a pinch hitter for Bob Grim in 1959. He eventually grounded out and never appeared in a major league game again. In April 1959, he was traded back to the Yankees, but his career ended in 1960. He worked for Tektronix for 23 years, and served on the Linfield Alumni Board after that.

text: Remove the last sentence because it is not relevant to his baseball career.

refinement: After ending sixth in the American league, Martyn was used sparingly. He appeared as a pinch hitter for Bob Grim in 1959. He eventually grounded out and never appeared in a major league game again. In April 1959, he was traded back to the Yankees, but his career ended in 1960.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about home runs?

answer: In a seven-season career in the minor leagues, Martyn had 48 home runs. In the 1956 American Association All Star Game, he hit two home runs. In his major leagues career, he had one one home run in the first season and two the following year.

answer: The text says that Martyn hit three home runs during his three-season Major League career.

text: During 7 seasons in the minor league, Martyn hit 48 home runs, including 2 in the 1956 American Association All-Star Game. Including his minor league home runs in the response.

refinement: Martyn hit 48 home runs during his 7 seasons in the minor, including 2 in the 1956 American Association All-Star Game. The text says that Martyn hit three home runs during his three-season Major League career.

answer: Martyn hit three home runs while in the minors. He was named to three All-Star teams while in the minors. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game, he hit two home runs and earned Most Valuable Player honors.

text: Correct the response to reflect the 48 home runs that Martyn hit during his 7 seasons in the minor league.

refinement: Martyn hit 48 home runs in his 7 seasons in the minors. He was named to three All-Star teams while in the minors. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game, he hit two home runs and earned Most Valuable Player honors.

text: Include the 3 home runs that Martyn hit during his three seasons in the major league as well.

refinement: Martyn hit 48 home runs in his 7 seasons in the minors. He was named to three All-Star teams while in the minors. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game, he hit two home runs and earned Most Valuable Player honors. Martyn hit 3 home runs during his 3 seasons in the major league.

answer: Robert Martyn hit three home runs in his career.

text: Martyn hit three home runs during his three seasons in the major league. Include the league and number of seasons in the response as well.

refinement: Robert Martyn hit three home runs in his three season major league career.

text: Include Martyn's minor league career in the response: He hit 48 home runs in his 7 season minor league career. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game he hit two home runs.

refinement: Robert Martyn hit 48 home runs in his 7 season minor league career. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game he hit two home runs. He hit three home runs in his three season major league career.

answer: Bob Martyn's minor league statistics include 48 homeruns and 117 RBI in 671 games. His statistics from the majors are not discussed.

text: Include Martyn's full minor league career in the response: He hit 48 home runs in his 7 season minor league career. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game he hit two home runs.

refinement: Bob Martyn's minor league statistics include 48 home runs and 117 RBI in 671 games in his 7 season career. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game he hit two home runs. His statistics from the majors are not discussed.

text: Martyn's major league career is discussed. Include his three seasons and three home runs in the response.

refinement: Bob Martyn's minor league statistics include 48 home runs and 117 RBI in 671 games in his 7 season career. In the 1956 American Association All-Star Game he hit two home runs. In Martyn's 3 season major league career he hit 3 home runs.


split: train

text:
“Jason, there’s no reason you should be out here this late,” called Ashley from beside the car. It was midnight on a Saturday night in Amherst, Massachusetts. All that could be heard was the hum of the electricity post, but besides that, it was dead silence. There was the occasional creature or two lurking around in the wilderness besides the tracks with some dross thrown here or there. But Jason was there to intake all the beauty of the outside world that night. He couldn’t be happier. He had a great job at the local sports shop. His father’s company had really taken off, they were wealthier than ever with no liabilities left, thanks to the family getting remunerated from prior events, and his brother had finally found true love and was engaged to the girl of his dreams. He felt the same sensation when talking to Ashley. He truly believed he had everything, but there was always that one thing missing.

“Ash, didn’t think you’d find me here!” replied Jason getting up running to greet Ashley with a short hug.

“Where else would you be? Whenever you don’t answer your phone after a ton of texts this late at night, there’s only one place you go,” Ashley stated, walking over to the grass field Jason had been lying on. It was beautiful. Away from the city, the lights, the noise. Nothing but silence, except the creek down the hill and the occasional fluster of the wind… then suddenly the tremble started, the lights shone upon them, and the sound of a train horn rung in the air. It flew passed them as they sat there in silence. The sound of the train had dwindled by now, but the memories came back to Jason as they have like every other night.
The sounds. The shouting. The nightmare that happened that day. Jason was eleven, but still remembers it like it was yesterday. He had been in school, but had a feeling something was wrong the whole day. His mother had been in an asylum under intense mental care. Things had been fine until Jason’s brother passed. He was six years old at the time and had gotten cancer. Jason had asked if he was immune to it or not, and was told it wasn’t a disease you could catch. It was a slow decline and it tore their mother apart. The plan was to get her rejuvenated by bringing her to this institution after she was deemed an unfit mother post loss after being pugnacious, hard to live with, and not bringing her kids up “right”. That one fateful day in school changed everything though. The office had gotten an emergency call saying that his mother had escaped from the asylum and they were afraid she was going to the school to get Jason in some warped vision the woman had. Jason was called down to the office for “personal matters” and instantly knew it was regarding his mother. He decided to venture out to find his mother, being eleven it was the only thing he knew. He was walking home on the sidewalk path, when he heard the yells. He broke into a sprint and just got there to see a train whoosh by, people staring in horror, Jason breaking into rabid tears, as the woman that was once standing on the tracks was no more.

Though the moment was sparse before Ashley interrupted, he still lay quiet on the grass reliving that dreaded moment. He wished he could go into a different realm, where his family was still together. The money didn’t matter, the little things didn’t matter. It made him appreciate life and others on a whole different level. It was preposterous how some people could care so little for the ones they love. Thinking about his mother, he started to get sad. All he had left was his older brother who was leaving soon and his father. “It’s okay, Jason. I’m not going anywhere,” assured Ashley, consoling him in her arms. After a few minutes of sitting there, Jason stood up and changed the subject not to dilate the current one more than he had.

“Ashley, I don’t think I can ever repay for what you’ve given me,” Jason started, “I would never have been able to get through all this without someone like you. I want you to know that.” Ashley’s sterling eyes staring directly back into his without the least bit of flippant in her voice.

“Always.”

title: The Moment

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the theme of the story?

answer: It's about unforgotten loss and the support loved ones can give. Jason still yearns for a complete family years after the loss of his mother. He thanks Ashley, his girlfriend, for the fortitude she brings him.

answer: The fragility and preciousness of life, and to appreciate what you have, because you never know when life will be taken away

answer: The theme of the story is that immense gratitude for the small things in life and appreciating what you have. Jason experienced the loss of his brother and mother in an especially tragic way and passed onto appreciating the little things in and around him as a result. There is also an emphasis on the importance of having someone around to support and love you through the tough times.

answer: The theme of the story is appreciating life and others on a whole different level. Through reflecting on a painful event in his past, Jason realizes that the people around him are what truly makes life worth living.

answer: Family ties and gratitude

text: Too vague of a response

refinement: One should appreciate the people in one's life while one can.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How does the story depict Jason's love for his mother?

answer: Jason's brother was dying of cancer, and his parents had decided to get Jason's mother checked into an asylum to make her more "manageable" in her grief and sorrow. Jason's brother passed away, and his mother went to visit again, presumably by stepping in front of a moving train at an intersection. Jason has flashbacks of this and is devastated by how his family had just abandoned his mother, who he was still grieving for.

text: The only relevant part is the last sentence

refinement: Jason has flashbacks of his mother's death and is devastated by how his family had just abandoned his mother, who he was still grieving for.

text: It is not supported that "his family had just abandoned his mother"

refinement: Jason has flashbacks of his mother's death, and he still grieves for her.

answer: The story portrays Jason's love for his mother as deep and intense. The memory of the day she died haunts him to this day and it has shaped him into the person he is today. Though he has moved on in life and started a loving relationship with Ashley, losing his mother at that age was a tragic event. Her death has left a permanent imprint on him, and he is thankful to have Ashley in his life.

answer: The story depicts Jason's love for his mother as being bittersweet and painful. He remembers the moment she died and it leaves him with a deep sense of longing. The train passing by reminds him of her death and makes him cherish the time he has with his brother and father more. He loves his mother dearly despite the terrible event that caused her death.

answer: Jason visits the train tracks every night, where his mother ended her own life after escaping from the asylum. We're also shown his memories from the time he witnessed his mother's death. He instinctively knew when he was called into the office, it was about his mother. He ran from school to find her.

text: We don't know that Jason does this every night, just frequently

refinement: Jason visits the train tracks frequently, where his mother ended her own life after escaping from the asylum. We're also shown his memories from the time he witnessed his mother's death. He instinctively knew when he was called into the office, it was about his mother. He ran from school to find her.

answer: As unrealistic. Jason idealizes his childhood, ignoring that his mother has been a neglectful mother who has spent years in a psychiatric institution so very little contact hours on end - Jason seems to care more about her now that Ashley exists, who paves way for him to understand and forgiving his mother more.


text: I’m a big man who thinks sharp, so my meals need to be sharp too.  Hearty portions at reasonable prices are what I demand, there’s no room for compromise. Rolling up to the drive thru, I naturally take a look at the dollar menu, but those small portions don’t work for a man of my caliber. “Give me a large vanilla shake, an ultimate bacon cheese burger with extra mayo, and a large order of fries with extra salt and ranch on the side. …And toots? Super size the shit out of it, will ya?” You see, my body is my vehicle, and this precious ride…it only takes premium. “That’ll be $6.97, Mr.” “Here’s $7.00 bucks, keep the change.”

title: Fast Food

question: Where is the author eating?

answer: The author is eating a non-specified fast food restaurant.

answer: The author is eating at a fast food restaurant.

answer: The author is eating at a drive-thru.

answer: The author is eating at a fast food restaurant.

question: What's the total price of the order?

answer: The total price of the order is $6.97.

answer: The price of the order is $6.97.

answer: $6.97

answer: The total price of the order is $7.00.

text: Not the price but what he pays

refinement: The total price of the order is $6.97 but he pays $7.00.

question: Is the author eating in the establishment or taking the food to go?

answer: The author is eating in the establishment.

text: Opposite of what is true.

answer: The author is taking the food to go.

answer: The author is eating in the establishment.

text: Opposite of necessary.

answer: The author is in the drive thru, so they must be taking the food to go.

question: Is the author dining alone?

answer: It is not stated.

answer: It is unclear whether the author is dining alone or with someone else. However, given that the author is ordering a large amount of food, it is likely that he is dining alone.

text: Good inference for the wrong reason.

refinement: It is unclear whether the author is dining alone or with someone else. However, given that the author is discussing his own body, it is likely that he is dining alone.

answer: Yes

answer: It seems that the author is ordering for one.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator is a big man who thinks sharp, so his meals need to be sharp too. He orders a large vanilla shake, an ultimate bacon cheese burger with extra mayo, and a large order of fries with extra salt and ranch on the side.

answer: The speaker is a big man who thinks sharp, so his meals need to be sharp too. Hearty portions at reasonable prices are what he demands, there's no room for compromise. Rolling up to the drive thru, he naturally takes a look at the dollar menu, but those small portions don't work for a man of his caliber.

text: Needs to be more specific and not simply quote the text.

refinement: The speaker is a big man who thinks sharp, so his meals need to be sharp too. Hearty portions at reasonable prices are what he demands, there's no room for compromise. He goes to the drive thru of a fast food restaurant and orders the largest portions he can

answer: The author enjoys fast food because it offers hearty portions at reasonable prices, and they prefer to order from the dollar menu. They also enjoy ordering large portions of fries and other items.

answer: The narrator is a big man who likes to eat lots of food for a reasonable price. They order at a fast food restaurant's drive through and make sure to order the large versions of each food item they choose.


text:
SIR WILLIAM CHRISTOPHER LENG, known as W. C. LENG (25 January 1825 – 20 February 1902) was a newspaper publisher in Sheffield.

Life

Leng was born in Hull on 25 January 1825. He was oldest son of Adam Leng of Hull, and Mary, daughter of Christopher Luccock, of Malton, architect. Sir John Leng was a younger brother.

He was educated in Hull, before being apprenticed as a pharmacist and setting up his own business. During this period, he contributed anonymously to the _Hull Free Press_, calling for reforms such as slum clearance and ship safety. He is believed to have inspired Samuel Plimsoll to take up this second cause.

Leng's family was Methodist and aligned with the Liberal Party cause. His brother John Leng retained these beliefs, but William joined the Church of England and became a supporter of the Conservative Party. Despite this, after John became the proprietor of the _Dundee Advertiser_, William was a regular contributor, and in 1859, he moved to the city. He was a prominent supporter of the north in the American Civil War, when most Scottish journalists supported the South.

[Offices of the _Sheffield Telegraph_ in 1898.] In 1864, Leng became managing editor and joint proprietor of the _Sheffield Daily Telegraph_ with Frederick Clifford. He moved to the city and relocated the firm to new premises on Aldine Court. Under him, the newspaper became one of the first to adopt linotype printing.

Shortly after Leng arrived in Sheffield, the city was struck by the Great Sheffield Flood. Following this disaster, he campaigned for the municipalisation of the city's water supply. His reputation established by this activity, he was able to publicise and investigate the Sheffield Outrages in 1867.[1]

Leng never took political office, but became the leading figure in Sheffield Conservatism. During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the Conservatives became the dominant group on Sheffield Town Council,[2] while the _Daily Telegraph_ was supplemented by the _Weekly Telegraph_, the _Sunday Telegraph_ and the _Evening Telegraph and Star_.

[[File:William Christopher Leng Vanity Fair 8 March 1890.jpg|thumb|right|

Leng as caricatured by Spy (Leslie Ward) in Vanity Fair, March 1890

]] Politically, he was a supporter of imperial preference and established Conservative Clubs and electoral organisations on a constituency basis throughout Sheffield.[3] He was the Vice-Chairman and later the Chairman of the Sheffield Conservative and Constitutional Association, the Vice President of the Sheffield Association for Promoting Sanitary Reform and the Better Housing of the Poor, and the President of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce in 1895–96. He generally supported municipalisation, while Liberals in the city opposed, until the positions were reversed over the question of the tramways in 1895.[4]

Leng was knighted in 1887, on the recommendation of Lord Salisbury. He continued writing for the _Telegraph_ until his last days.

He died at Sheffield, on 20 February 1902. He was buried in Ecclesall churchyard.

Family

He married in 1860, Anne (died 1893), daughter of David Stark of Ruthven, Forfarshire, and widow of Harry Cook of Sandhurst, Australia. His two sons, C. D. Leng and W. St. Quentin Leng, were partners in the _Sheffield Telegraph._

Artistic recognition

A portrait by Hugh Ford Crighton was commissioned by public subscription in 1868.[5]

Notes

Attribution

[1] Ed. Clyde Binfield et al., _The History of the City of Sheffield 1843 - 1993: Volume I: Politics_

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5] The Plimsoll Sensation by Nicolette Jones

title: W. C. Leng

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about Sir William C. Leng's personal life?

answer: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull and educated there before moving to Dundee to become editor of a newspaper. He later relocated to Sheffield and became a prominent supporter of the Conservative Party while running the Sheffield Daily Telegraph. He was knighted in 1887 and remarried in 1860. A portrait of him was commissioned by public subscription in 1868.

text: The input doesn't say Leng moved to Dundee

refinement: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull and educated there before becoming the proprietor of the Dundee Advertiser. He later relocated to Sheffield and became a prominent supporter of the Conservative Party while running the Sheffield Daily Telegraph. He was knighted in 1887 and remarried in 1860. A portrait of him was commissioned by public subscription in 1868.

text: Leng was married in 1860, not remarried

refinement: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull and educated there before becoming the proprietor of the Dundee Advertiser. He later relocated to Sheffield and became a prominent supporter of the Conservative Party while running the Sheffield Daily Telegraph. He was knighted in 1887 and married in 1860. A portrait of him was commissioned by public subscription in 1868.

text: Put events in chronological order

refinement: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull and educated there before becoming the proprietor of the Dundee Advertiser. He later relocated to Sheffield and became a prominent supporter of the Conservative Party while running the Sheffield Daily Telegraph. He was married in 1860. A portrait of him was commissioned by public subscription in 1868. He was knighted in 1887.

answer: No answer

text: Provide a response

refinement: Leng was born and educated in Hull in 1825. He married Anne, daughter of David Stark of Ruthven, Forfarshire. He had two sons, C. D. Leng and W. St. Quentin Leng. He was knighted in 1887, and he died at Sheffield in 1902.

answer: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull, educated in Hull and apprenticed as a pharmacist. Upon moving to Sheffield in 1859, he became managing editor and joint proprietor of the Sheffield Daily Telegraph and gained a reputation in the city as a leading figure in Sheffield Conservatism. Leng was knighted in 1887, and lived until his death in 1902.

text: Remove information about his work as an editor

refinement: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull, educated in Hull and apprenticed as a pharmacist. Leng was knighted in 1887, and lived until his death in 1902.

text: Include information about his family

refinement: Sir William C. Leng was born in Hull, educated in Hull and apprenticed as a pharmacist. In 1860, he married Anne, daughter of David Stark of Ruthven, Forfarshire. They had two sons, C. D. Leng and W. St. Quentin Leng. Leng was knighted in 1887, and lived until his death in 1902.

answer: His father was Adam Leng of Hull, an architect, and his mother's name was Mary. Sir William Leng had a younger brother Sir John Leng. He married Anne, daughter of David Stark of Ruthven, Forfarshire, and widow of Harry Cook of Sandhurst, Australia. They had two sons C. D. Leng and W. St. Quentin Leng.

answer: He was knighted by Queen Victoria, married in 1860, and had two sons. Rounding out Leng's social life, the article shares that he set up a pharmacy in Hull and contributed articles to the "Hull Free Press."

text: The last sentence is not part of Leng's personal life

refinement: He was knighted by Queen Victoria, married in 1860, and had two sons.

text: Include Leng's birth and education

refinement: Leng was born in Hull in 1825 and educated there. He was knighted by Queen Victoria, married in 1860, and had two sons.

text: Place events in chronological order

refinement: Leng was born in Hull in 1825 and educated there. He married in 1860, had two sons, and was knighted in 1887.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about Sir William C. Leng's career?

answer: Sir William C. Leng was a newspaper publisher based in Sheffield who was an influential supporter of the Conservative Party. He was known for his involvement in advocating municipalisation of the city's water supply and exposing the Sheffield Outrages, and after becoming well-known in the city, he became leading figure in Sheffield Conservatism. For his efforts as a civic leader, he was knighted in 1887, and continued to write for the _Sheffield Daily Telegraph_ until the end of his life.

answer: Sir William C. Leng was a newspaper publisher in Sheffield who was known for his advocacy of civic improvements, including slum clearance and ship safety. He also became a prominent figure in the city's Conservative Party. He was knighted in 1887 and continued to write for the Sheffield Daily Telegraph until his final days.

answer: In 1825, William Christoper Leng was born. He was an only son of Adam Leng, a physician, and Mary Luccock, daughter of the late Christopher Luccock, an architect, in Hull. He was educated in Hull and apprenticed as a pharmacist. During that time, he anonymously wrote for the Hull Free Press. He was believed to have persuaded Samuel Plimsoll to adopt advocating for ship safety reforms. After establishing his business years later, he joined the Church of England and became a Conservative Party supporter. He was a highly-respected man in the community and a vocal supporter of the Conservatives. He also supported the imperial preference and was the Chairman of the Sheffield Conservative and Constitutional Association, the Vice President of the Sheffield Association for Promoting Sanitary Reform and the Better Housing of the Poor, and the President of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce in 1895-96.

text: The text does not say Adam Leng was a physician or that Christopher Luccock died soon after Mary's birth

refinement: In 1825, William Christoper Leng was born. He was an only son of Adam Leng and Mary Luccock, daughter of Christopher Luccock, an architect. He was educated in Hull and apprenticed as a pharmacist. During that time, he anonymously wrote for the Hull Free Press. He was believed to have persuaded Samuel Plimsoll to adopt advocating for ship safety reforms. After establishing his business years later, he joined the Church of England and became a Conservative Party supporter. He was a highly-respected man in the community and a vocal supporter of the Conservatives. He also supported the imperial preference and was the Chairman of the Sheffield Conservative and Constitutional Association, the Vice President of the Sheffield Association for Promoting Sanitary Reform and the Better Housing of the Poor, and the President of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce in 1895-96.

answer: Leng joined the Church of England, and became a supporter of the Conservative Party. He was a prominent supporter of the north in the American Civil War. His journalistic work ranged from anonymous articles in the Hull Daily Free Press to "The Sheffield Telegraph". He was the managing editor and joint proprietor of the Telegraph from 1864 to the time of his death.

answer: Leng became managing editor and joint proprietor of the Sheffield Daily Telegraph in 1864 and moved to Sheffield. Long campaigned for the municipalization of Sheffield's water supply. He was the leading figure in Sheffield Conservatism. He was knighted in 1887. He continued writing for the Telegraph until he died.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about Leng's political activities?

answer: Leng was a prominent supporter of the Conservative Party, and was influential in Sheffield politics. He campaigned for improvements such as slum clearance and ship safety, and also advocated municipalization of the city's water supply. Leng remained influential particularly through his control of one of the city's newspapers. Finally, he was knighted in 1887.

answer: Leng never held public office. However, he served as a reactionary and developed his reputation through his activities. He was very influential and a pillar of Sheffield conservatism. He worked on municipalisation during the Great Sheffield Flood and set up conservative clubs and electoral organisations on a constituency basis throughout the city. He also published one of the first newspapers. He pushed for building better housing and municipalising the Sheffield's water supply.

text: Nothing in the input describes Leng as a "reactionary"

refinement: Leng never held public office. He was very influential and a pillar of Sheffield conservatism. He worked on municipalisation during the Great Sheffield Flood and set up conservative clubs and electoral organisations on a constituency basis throughout the city. He also published one of the first newspapers. He pushed for building better housing and municipalising the Sheffield's water supply.

text: "one of the first newspapers" is very vague; I'd remove it

refinement: Leng never held public office. He was very influential and a pillar of Sheffield conservatism. He worked on municipalisation during the Great Sheffield Flood and set up conservative clubs and electoral organisations on a constituency basis throughout the city. He pushed for building better housing and municipalising the Sheffield's water supply.

answer: Leng was never politically active due to the influence of his brother John Leng's Liberal politics. After John became the proprietor of the Dundee Advertiser, Leng contributed to his brother's paper regularly. He became a prominent figure in the city of Sheffield by supporting the Conservative Party. He created the Sheffield Conservative association and was elected several times as the leader for a number of these groups. He supported imperial preference and promoted Conservative Clubs on a constituency basis throughout Sheffield.

text: Leng was politically active, and John is irrelevant to his politics

refinement: He became a prominent figure in the city of Sheffield by supporting the Conservative Party. He created the Sheffield Conservative association and was elected several times as the leader for a number of these groups. He supported imperial preference and promoted Conservative Clubs on a constituency basis throughout Sheffield.

answer: Leng was a prominent supporter of the Conservative Party who helped establish Conservative Clubs and electoral organisations and campaigned for improvements in municipal water systems.

answer: Leng belonged to the Church of England and was a supporter of the Conservative Party. He was a supporter of the north in the American Civil War. Although Leng never took political office, he was the leading figure in Sheffield Conservatism. He supported the municipalization of the city's water supply.


text:
This new tutorial takes users through the amazing process of using a 3DS MAX SCRIPT called SUBSPLINE, by SPLINEDYNAMICS.

SUBSPLINE script works mainly with splines, and allows users to CREATE AN ARRAY OF DIFFERENT SELECTIONS, MATERIAL IDS and ID PATTERNS WITH GREAT EASE.

Users have UNIQUE SPLINE FUNCTIONALITIES such as to, SET ID PATTERNS, COPY/PASTE ID NUMBERS, SELECT ID RANGE, RANDOMIZE IDS, REVERSE IDS, RANDOMIZE IDS AND MUCH MORE.

I really hope you find the tutorial useful, like, comment and share it.

P.S: TAKE CARE AND STAY SAFE

ALSO, please Join my PATREON page or my GUMROAD page to download other Courses; Project files; Watch more Videos and receive TECHNICAL SUPPORT. Finally, check my New channels below:

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IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES & DESCRIPTIONS:

 3D RENDERING: Is the process of converting the three dimensional (3D) data seen in a 3d scene into 2D image/s (rasterized).
The rasterization process include, the rendering parameters, the rendering engine, lights, 3d models, textures, shaders, and other effects.
3D renders can be a sequence of animated objects/effects/cameras, or a single frame with a still camera and object/s.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process of rendering.
PHOTOREALISTIC RENDERING: Is the Process or Art of making a typical Computer Generated Image/render (CGI) look indistinguishable from a real photo.
To achieve this, users often need to possess the skills and the"eye" to appreciate good photography, cameras, composition, lighting, shaders, materials, 3d modelling, rendering and have some post-production skills.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will help you achieve truly photorealistic renderings.

POST-PRODUCTION: Is the process of creating effects or/and results after/post the main process.
This terminology can be used to describe the results (post-production) of main processes such as 3d renderings  and/or filming a scene.
The post-production often takes place in applications such as Photoshop, After Effects, Nuke, etc.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process.

ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING, or architectural illustration/VISUALIZATION, is the art/process of creating two-dimensional images or animations depicting the attributes of an architectural design, while using state of the art applications such as, Autocad, 3ds max, VRay, Cinema 4d, Blender, Maya, Corona, Photoshop, etc
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through this amazing process.

TEXTURES: Is a term often used to describe photographed  2d images to be later used in a toggle of a shader or procedural map.
Textures can be used in the Diffuse toggle, Reflect, Glossy effects, Bump, Displacement, etc.

Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process of applying textures.

MATERIALS: Is a term often used to describe maps, textures,procedural maps or shaders, depending on the context the term is being used.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process of applying materials.

PROCEDURAL MATERIALS: Is a term often used to describe maps with editable/proprietary parameters/functions.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process of applying procedural materials.

SHADERS: Is a term often used to describe complex materials with functions and procedural maps created for a specific purpose.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process of applying shaders.

ARCHITECTURAL RENDERING, or architectural illustration/VISUALIZATION, is the art/process of creating two-dimensional images or animations depicting the attributes of an architectural design, while using state of the art applications such as, Autocad, 3ds max, VRay, Cinema 4d, Blender, Maya, Corona, Photoshop, etc
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through this amazing process.

STUDIO LIGHTS are fundamental in the process of creating appealing images/renders.
The overall lighting determines not only the brightness and the darkness; but also the tone, mood and the atmosphere of a scene.
Hence the importance to control and manipulate the lights accordingly, in order to fully capture the textures and the vibrancy of your objects.
By distributing the shadows and the highlights accurately, you can achieve truly appealing images/renders.
Some of the articles, Videos and Tutorials depicted here will take you through the process of creating and applying Studio Lights.

V-RAY: Is a rendering engine that uses global illumination algorithms, including path tracing, photon mapping, irradiance maps and directly computed global illumination.

Furthermore, it is used as a commercial plug-in for third-party 3D computer graphics software applications such as 3ds max, Maya, Houdini, Blender, Nuke, etc,  for visualizations and computer graphics in industries such as media, entertainment, film and video game production, industrial design, product design and architecture.

3DS MAX: Autodesk 3ds Max, formerly 3D Studio and 3D Studio Max, is a professional 3D computer graphics program designed to create 3D animations, models, games and images.

In addition, it has modelling, animation and movie effects capabilities, frequently used by video game developers, TV commercial studios and architectural visualization studios.

3ds Max also features shaders, dynamic simulations, particle systems, plug-ins, and much more, with its own scripting language.

ADOBE PHOTOSHOP: Photoshop is a powerful raster based graphics program produced by the Adobe Corporation.

It is widely used for a variety of photo/image editing purposes worldwide. The program has a huge number of filters, functions, plug-ins, scripts, etc.
In addition, there is a huge online support for this software, and countless online sites with tips and tutorials.
Finally, there are readily available books, online/college courses, and its full documentation at Adobe.com

A 3D VISUALISER works within the realm of 3d visualization, a sector of the Computer Graphics Industry (or CGI) that is primarily concerned with the visual presentation of design concepts and ideas. And a company within the 3d visualisation sector offers to its customers (among many things) 3d Visualization Services.

INTERIOR DESIGN is the art and science of enhancing the interior of a building or/and a space to achieve a more aesthetically pleasing and comfortable environment for those using the space.

An INTERIOR DESIGNER is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such projects. Interior design is a multifaceted profession that includes conceptual development, space planning, site inspections, programming, research, communicating with the stakeholders of a project, construction management, and execution of the design.

RETAIL REAL STATE are properties developed/catered for Entertainment and Shopping Purposes.

These include Shopping Centers (or Malls), Clothing Stores, Cinemas, etc.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is Post-Production?

answer: Post-production is the process of creating effects or/and results after/post the main process. It often takes place in applications such as Photoshop, After Effects, Nuke, etc.

text: The response is missing a detail.

refinement: Post-production is the process of creating effects or/and results after/post the main process. It often takes place in applications such as Photoshop, After Effects, Nuke, etc. The terminology can be used to describe the results (post-production) of main processes such as 3D renderings and filming a scene.

answer: Post-production is the process of creating effects or/and results after/post the main process. This terminology is used to describe the results (post-production) of main processes such as 3D renderings and/or filming a scene. Post-production often takes place in applications such as Photoshop, After Effects, Nuke, etc.

answer: It is a process of creating effects, and perhaps results, after the main process is complete. It is a term that can be used to describe the results of main processes such as 3d renderings and filming a scene. Common apps used for post-production include Photoshop, After Effects, Nuke, and more.

answer: ' is known as post-production. It describes the process of creating effects or/and results after/post the main process. This term can be used to describe the results (post-production) of main processes such as 3d renderings.

answer: Post-production, also known as Post, refers to the processes carried out after filming scenes.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are Textures?

answer: Textures are a 2d image typically photographed to be used in a shader, procedural map, or applied to a material.

text: Textures were used in a toggle of a shader. There was no mention in the passage about textures being applied to a material.

refinement: Textures are a 2d image typically photographed to be later used in a toggle of a shader or procedural map.

text: Change "are a 2d image" to "are 2D images"

refinement: Textures are 2D images typically photographed to be later used in a toggle of a shader or procedural map.

text: The response is missing a key detail on how textures are used.

refinement: Textures are 2D images typically photographed to be later used in a toggle of a shader or procedural map. Textures can be used in the Diffuse toggle, Reflect, Glossy effects, Bump, Displacement, etc.

answer: Textures describe photographed 2d images to be used later in a toggle of a shader or a procedural map. Textures can be used in the Diffuse toggle, Reflect, Glossy effects, Bump, Displacement, etc.

answer: Textures are state of the art images that are used in 3d renders to add realism and detail to the objects being rendered.

answer: Textures can be used in the Diffuse toggle, Reflect, Glossy effects, Bump, Displacement, etc.

answer: Textures are 2D Photo images that can be used to create realistic effects in 3D renders. They can be used in effects such as Diffuse, Reflect, Glossy, Bump, Displacement, etc.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the purpose of this glossary?

answer: The glossary appears to be a tutorial for using the SUBSPLINE program.

text: The response doesn't answer the question. Needs a rewrite.

refinement: The purpose of this glossary (or Important Terminologies & Descriptions) is to educate users of the tutorial for a 3DS MAX SCRIPT called SUBSPLINE by SPLINEDYNAMICS about 3D rendering, Photorealistic rendering, Textures, Photoshop, etc.

answer: That information can't be found

answer: The glossary serves to explain terms and descriptions related to 3D rendering, photorealistic rendering, post-production, procedural materials, shaders and more. The purpose of the glossary is to help readers understand these terms more easily.

answer: The article mentions that the purpose of this glossary is to familiarize readers with useful terminology for using a 3DS Max Script called Subspline. It is meant not just as a glossary, but also as a tutorial. This is supported by the mention of articles, Videos and Tutorials at the mention of every glossary entry. The terms are defined as technically as possible.

answer: The purpose of this glossary is to help people understand technical terms used in the fields of 3D rendering, architectural rendering, photorealistic rendering, post-production, and shading.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is Adobe Photoshop for?

answer: It is a raster based graphics program that modifies, creates and edits images.

text: Add a hyphen in "raster based" and a comma after "creates"

refinement: It is a raster-based graphics program that modifies, creates, and edits images.

answer: Photoshop is a raster based graphics program. The program has a huge number of functions, plug-ins, scripts, etc.

text: The response doesn't answer the question of what Photoshop is used for.

refinement: Photoshop is a raster based graphics program. The program has a huge number of functions, plug-ins, scripts, etc. Photoshop is widely used for a variety of photo and image editing purposes.

text: Add a hyphen.

refinement: Photoshop is a raster-based graphics program. The program has a huge number of functions, plug-ins, scripts, etc. Photoshop is widely used for a variety of photo and image editing purposes.

answer: Photoshop is a raster graphics-based program used for photo/image editing purposes.

text: "raster graphics-based program" seems jumbled and must be changed to "raster-based graphics program". "purposes" serves no purpose and should be removed.

refinement: Photoshop is a raster-based graphics program used for photo/image editing.

answer: Photoshop is a powerful raster based graphics program. The article mentions it is made by the Adobe Corporation. In the glossary entry for Photoshop, it also discusses how it is used for image editing. It mentions the online support for the software, the large number of filters and plugins, and where to go to find documentation (Adobe.com). Photoshop is used by Subspline for processes such as Architectural Rendering, and Post-Production.

text: Add a hypen.

refinement: Photoshop is a powerful raster-based graphics program. The article mentions it is made by the Adobe Corporation. In the glossary entry for Photoshop, it also discusses how it is used for image editing. It mentions the online support for the software, the large number of filters and plugins, and where to go to find documentation (Adobe.com). Photoshop is used by Subspline for processes such as Architectural Rendering, and Post-Production.

text: Extraneous information.

refinement: Photoshop is a powerful raster-based graphics program. The article mentions it is made by the Adobe Corporation. In the glossary entry for Photoshop, it also discusses how it is used for image editing.

text: Remove these to make the sentence easier to read.

refinement: Photoshop is a powerful raster-based graphics program made by the Adobe Corporation. The glossary entry for Photoshop discusses how it is used for image editing.

answer: Photoshop is a graphics program used for editing photos and images.


text:
JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903) was an Irish-American businessman who served as the fourth elected mayor of Seattle, Washington.

Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10, settling in New York, before moving first to Maine, and then to Port Gamble, Washington to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company. Arriving in Seattle in the 1865, he successfully invested in a number of industrial concerns, including the Talbot coal mine, and the Seattle Gas Light Company, and purchased and ran the city's Occidental Hotel.[1] By the 1880s, his business acumen had left him one of the city's wealthiest citizens. From 1869 to 1883, he served on the city council,[2] including one year service as mayor of Seattle, in 1873. He was notable for being a “rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class”.[3][4]

In the 1890s Collins purchase the _Press Times_ (predecessor to the _Seattle Times_), later selling it to new owners who, in turn, sold it to its long-time owners the Blethen family.[5]

The Collins Building, a property commissioned by John Collins and situated on land once occupied by his personal home, is located at Second Avenue and James Street in Seattle.[6][7]

He died on April 22, 1903, after a two-year stomach disease.[8]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

title: John Collins (Seattle politician)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When was Collins born?

answer: 1835

text: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903)"

answer: John Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland in 1835.

text: The location of Collins's birth is irrelevant to the question.

text: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903)"

answer: 1835.

text: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903)"

answer: Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland in 1835.

text: The location of Collins's birth is irrelevant to the question.

text: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903)"

answer: 1835, Cavan, Ireland.

text: The location of Collins's birth is irrelevant.

text: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903)"

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why did Collins move to Washington?

answer: Collins moved to Washington at age 10 to work in a mill in Port Gamble.

text: The article says he moved to the US at age 10, but we don't know if he moved to Washington at that age too. Besides, that information is irrelevant to the question.

refinement: Collins moved to Washington to work in a mill in Port Gamble.

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10, settling in New York, before moving first to Maine, and then to Port Gamble, Washington to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company."

answer: He worked in Port Gamble, Washington at the Puget Sound Mill Company. He had established a business enterprise there and was getting involved in another at Talbot, coal mine and the Seattle Gas Light Company.

text: The business empire Collins had created isn't in Washington.

refinement: He worked in Port Gamble, Washington at the Puget Sound Mill Company.

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10, settling in New York, before moving first to Maine, and then to Port Gamble, Washington to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company."

answer: Collins moved to Washington when he was 10 years old. He emigrated from Ireland.

text: The question asks about Collins's reason for moving to Washington. The answer talks about irrelevant things instead.

text: There's no answer.

refinement: To work at the Puget Sound Mill Company.

answer: To work at the Puget Sound Mill Company

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10, settling in New York, before moving first to Maine, and then to Port Gamble, Washington to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company."

answer: He moved to Washington in order to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company.

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10, settling in New York, before moving first to Maine, and then to Port Gamble, Washington to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company."

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What political party was Collins?

answer: Collins was a Democrat.

text: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."

answer: Democrat

text: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."

answer: Collins was a Catholic Democrat.

text: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."

answer: He was a rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class.

text: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."

answer: He was a Democrat.

text: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where was Collins born?

answer: County Cavan, Ireland

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland"

answer: County Cavan, Ireland

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland"

answer: County Cavan, Ireland

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland"

answer: Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland.

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland"

answer: Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland.

text: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland"

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: John Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10. He lived in Seattle and became a wealthy businessman in the city. In 1873, he served one year as mayor. He died in 1903 after suffering from a two-year stomach disease. Collins is best known for his business acumen in Seattle.

text: The question asks for four sentences. The answer can be consolidated to that number.

refinement: John Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10. He lived in Seattle and became a wealthy businessman in the city, serving as mayor in 1873. He died in 1903 after suffering from a two-year stomach disease. Collins is best known for his business acumen in Seattle.

text: Birth and emigration: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10"

text: Wealth and business acumen in Seattle: "Arriving in Seattle in the 1865, he successfully invested in a number of industrial concerns, including the Talbot coal mine, and the Seattle Gas Light Company, and purchased and ran the city's Occidental Hotel.[1] By the 1880s, his business acumen had left him one of the city's wealthiest citizens."

text: Mayor in 1873: "From 1869 to 1883, he served on the city council,[2] including one year service as mayor of Seattle, in 1873."

text: Stomach disease: "He died on April 22, 1903, after a two-year stomach disease."

answer: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman and politician who served as the fourth elected mayor of Seattle, Washington. Arriving in the city in the 1860s, he was successful in investing in various industrial businesses. Collins served one year as mayor in 1873, notable for being a Catholic Democrat among Seattle's Protestant Republican ruling class. He died after a two-year stomach disease in 1903. The Collins Building is named for him, and he is remembered as a successful businessman and mayor.

text: The Collins building belonged to John Collins, it wasn't named after him.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman and politician who served as the fourth elected mayor of Seattle, Washington. Arriving in the city in the 1860s, he was successful in investing in various industrial businesses. Collins served one year as mayor in 1873, notable for being a Catholic Democrat among Seattle's Protestant Republican ruling class. He died after a two-year stomach disease in 1903. He is remembered as a successful businessman and mayor.

text: The question asks for a four-sentence summary. Collins's time as mayor is needlessly repeated.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman and politician who served as the fourth elected mayor of Seattle, Washington. Arriving in the city in the 1860s, he was successful in investing in various industrial businesses. He died after a two-year stomach disease in 1903. He is remembered as a successful businessman and mayor.

text: Fourth mayor: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903) was an Irish-American businessman who served as the fourth elected mayor of Seattle, Washington."

text: Investments in Seattle: "Arriving in Seattle in the 1865, he successfully invested in a number of industrial concerns, including the Talbot coal mine, and the Seattle Gas Light Company, and purchased and ran the city's Occidental Hotel."

text: Notable faith: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."

text: Death: "He died on April 22, 1903, after a two-year stomach disease."

answer: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman who made his fortune in Seattle by acquiring a variety of commercial properties. His legacy is remembered in the Collins Building in Seattle. Among his properties, Collins managed the Occidental Hotel, the Puget Sound Mill, and the Seattle Times. Unfortunately, Collins died of a two-year stomach disease at the age of 68.

text: Most of the answer is wrong. These include Collins's source of wealth, which is said to be acquiring commercial properties. However, Collins amassed his wealth through investment. He rand the Occidental Hotel, but he only worked at the Puget Sound Mill and sold the predecessor to the Seattle Times. The Collins Building isn't a memorialization of him.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman who made his fortune in Seattle. Unfortunately, Collins died of a two-year stomach disease at the age of 68.

text: The answer should mention how Collins amassed his wealth.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman who made his fortune in Seattle. He had moved to the US as a 10-year-old and eventually moved to Seattle and made shrewd business investments. Unfortunately, Collins died of a two-year stomach disease at the age of 68.

text: The answer should mention Collins's political activities.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman who made his fortune in Seattle. He had moved to the US as a 10-year-old and eventually moved to Seattle and made shrewd business investments. Collins was politically active, serving on the City Council, including as mayor in 1873. Unfortunately, Collins died of a two-year stomach disease at the age of 68.

answer: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman. He was born in County Cavan, Ireland, emigrated to the United States at a young age, moved to Washington state for work, and acquired significant wealth through investments. In 1873, he served for one year as the fourth mayor of Seattle. He died in 1903 after a two-year stomach disease.

text: The answer should mention that Collins achieved his wealth in Seattle.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American businessman. He was born in County Cavan, Ireland, emigrated to the United States at a young age, moved to Washington state for work, and eventually acquired significant wealth through investments in Seattle. In 1873, he served for one year as the fourth mayor of Seattle. He died in 1903 after a two-year stomach disease.

text: Birth and emigration: "Collins was born in County Cavan, Ireland and emigrated to the United States at age 10, settling in New York, before moving first to Maine, and then to Port Gamble, Washington to work at the Puget Sound Mill Company."

text: Mayor of Seattle: "including one year service as mayor of Seattle, in 1873"

text: Death: "He died on April 22, 1903, after a two-year stomach disease."

answer: John Collins was an Irish-American politician and businessperson, residing primarily in Seattle, Washington. He emigrated to the United States at age 10, and initially settled in New York, then in Maine, and finally in Seattle. By the 1880s, he was one of the wealthiest businessmen in the city. He was notable for being a Catholic in a Protestant Republican ruling class, and profited from his business - he owned the Occidental Hotel and the Puget Sound Mill Company, for example.

text: Collins worked at the Puget Sound Mill Company, not owned it.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American politician and businessperson, residing primarily in Seattle, Washington. He emigrated to the United States at age 10, and initially settled in New York, then in Maine, and finally in Seattle. By the 1880s, he was one of the wealthiest businessmen in the city. He was notable for being a Catholic in a Protestant Republican ruling class, and profited from his business - he owned the Occidental Hotel for example.

text: The answer implies that Collins might've profited from his faith or political status, which isn't corroborated by the article.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American politician and businessperson, residing primarily in Seattle, Washington. He emigrated to the United States at age 10, and initially settled in New York, then in Maine, and finally in Seattle. By the 1880s, he was one of the wealthiest businessmen in the city. He was notable for being a Catholic in a Protestant Republican ruling class. He profited from his business - he owned the Occidental Hotel for example.

text: Since his business acumen is mentioned, the last sentence is redundant.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American politician and businessperson, residing primarily in Seattle, Washington. He emigrated to the United States at age 10, and initially settled in New York, then in Maine, and finally in Seattle. By the 1880s, he was one of the wealthiest businessmen in the city. He was notable for being a Catholic in a Protestant Republican ruling class.

text: The answer should mention that Collins served as mayor.

refinement: John Collins was an Irish-American politician and businessperson, residing primarily in Seattle, Washington. He emigrated to the United States at age 10, and initially settled in New York, then in Maine, and finally in Seattle. By the 1880s, he was one of the wealthiest businessmen in the city. He was notable for being a Catholic in a Protestant Republican ruling class and as the mayor of Seattle in 1873.

text: Basics: "JOHN COLLINS (1835–April 22, 1903) was an Irish-American businessman who served as the fourth elected mayor of Seattle, Washington."

text: Wealth by 1880s: "By the 1880s, his business acumen had left him one of the city's wealthiest citizens."

text: Notable faith: "He was notable for being a 'rare Catholic Democrat among the city's Protestant Republican ruling class'."


text:
The Talk

People are talking about the difficulties of selling UX process to their boss, their clients, or their prospective clients. They’re upset that they don’t have the tools to create the caliber of experience others are building and it’s all because a few people aren’t buying into their process. You might have heard it or said it yourself that those in the way “just don’t get UX”. I know I’ve said it.

From this point of view, we appear to be looking at the problem as a matter of conversion; turning someone who isn’t interested in change of process into someone who’ll embrace it. It’s a hard sell and, if you’ve ever experienced being hung up on while cold calling someone, you’ll know that your chances of failure are much greater than your chance of conversion. But don’t let that scare you.

Just like the design process itself, there are many ways to approach this problem. Success in your approach is a matter of understanding perspective and - dare I say - empathy for those in the critical path.

Definitions

We all have a habit of creating definitions in our minds of what other people do from what we hear around the office (or internet) and they’re often pretty far off base. Those definitions become our foundation for what it means to be those other things: a designer, a developer, a product manager, a CEO. Those definitions, baseless or not, are used to judge the value of the things we do.

An example might be that most people realize they need a software developer to build an application but they may not understand the angles to be considered, the processes for discovering those angles, or the costs involved. It’s easily misunderstood and can be a surprise for those outside of your industry.

Shared Values

We intend to create a great product and we understand there are many variations in process that could bring it to life. As creators, that process can often be poorly preconceived and unnecessarily limited before we get a hand in it. We have a few options from here to deliver our full value, and selling isn’t one of them.

Aaron Scott from Leap gave a talk at UX Boston Conf about doing your best in getting to know those you’re working with to help deliver a winning concept to the client. This approach holds true in more ways than just reaching a final design; it will help you gain the buy-in you need to perform at your full potential.

The stakeholder may understand what you do, need some experience of your process before understanding, or maybe they’re not ready for it all. You need to know that they’re acting off of their definitions, and it’s not always their fault for having an incomplete picture. Just the same, it is equally important for us to understand them and their needs.

If they’re not ready, convincing them otherwise will cause anxiety during the project and potentially cause issues of trust with you or future designers if things don’t go well. Use your best judgment and tread lightly.

Collaboration

When your work is primarily visual it can be especially difficult to get the buy in you need. Most of the stakeholders will have had vision for their entire lives and trust themselves to judge what they feel is good and bad. They have their own tastes, their own definitions of what you do, and their own expectations of the process.

Our value as designers is best understood when demonstrated and this is your most powerful tool to gain buy in. Make room for them to be part of your design conversation. Problem solve and communicate with them like you might your design team. Let them breath the same air you are and replace your salesmanship with collaboration. Use this method instead of presentations and cold hard salesmanship or politics.

If you don’t believe they’re a good fit to collaborate with your design team, you may wish to pass on their project. Consider them a “client in training”, give them your best advice, and set them free. Of course this isn’t as easy when working in-house, where I would hope that if you’ve come to this conclusion you’d start looking for a more collaborative environment.

So stop _selling_ UX. Look around, listen, ask questions, and help the client in training see further before you put a contract in front of them. Your process of gaining an understanding of the product, users, and their context will sell your expertise all on its own. If they’re not ready, which is up to you to decide, set them free.

They may not always be a returning client, but they will respect you for being honest with them every step of the way - and that’s a lifelong trust.

question: What is being sold?

answer: UX, in all its many forms

answer: The writer is not entirely sure but thinks that is not his job, but helping the clients find the “right fit” to do the job.

text: The writer is sure

refinement: While UX is what is being sold, the writer thinks that is not his job. Instead he thinks it is helping the clients find the “right fit” to do the job.

answer: The article is about UX designers, and methods to go about approaching clients.

question: What does the stakeholder understand?

answer: They understand the design process

text: Needs more clarity, they may or may not be able to understand

refinement: They may or may not understand the design process

answer: The stakeholder may or may not understand the job of designer.

answer: They understand what you do, need some experience of your process before understanding, or maybe they're just not ready for it.

question: What would be good reason to pass on a project?

answer: If the designer feels as though the client is not a good fit to collaborate with their team, the designer should pass on the project.

answer: When UX Team believes the client is not a fit for collaboration

answer: A reason that would be prudent to pass on a project, due to the complete lack of similarities to the designer's process, would be because the population of users is not good enough for the designer to create a winning interaction.

question: Who is Aaron Scott?

answer: Aaron Scott is from Leap, and he gave a talk at the UX Boston Conference.

answer: He is a user experience consultant from company called Leap and gave a talk at UX Boston Conf.

answer: A UX designer attempting to do what most people might hope UX designers would do. It's this atmosphere of misunderstanding that the author seems to think is the most valuable UX can offer.

text: "A UX designer attempting to do what most people might hope UX designers would do." is a tautology

refinement: A UX designer from leap who gave a talk at UX Boston. It's this atmosphere of misunderstanding that the author seems to think is the most valuable UX can offer.

text: "It's this atmosphere of misunderstanding " this is the opposite of what would be the case

refinement: A UX designer from leap who gave a talk at UX Boston.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: An author instructs designers and other professionals on how to best execute their role in a given project - namely, making it clear what they're about to do and what kind of contribution they're actively seeking from the client. This is needed to avoid causing unnecessary anxiety, and/or tension long-term.

answer: The author suggests an alternative selling process for designers. Rather than selling an idea, it's better to better define the client and their needs, then work with them to collaboratively develop solutions to the client's unique situation.

answer: The author wants to cease the practice of selling the expertise inherent in UX design. He wants to focus on collaboration and understanding the client.

answer: The article addresses ways in which designers should approach clients to get them on board to collaborate. The article stresses treating clients as though they are the designers' equal, and feeling comfortable with parting ways with a client if they don't work well with the designer's team.

answer: Converting those who don’t support UX should be a matter of perspective, not a hard sell. Product managers, designers, and coders need to work together before they sign on a project.

answer: The narrator of this article describes the sales process and problem they hear about regularly from people. They offer advice on how to conduct sales most effectively.


text:
Chap 1.

People would kid Scalabo about how if he walked any slower, then he’d just be standing still. And how Jumpback was the only horse they’d ever seen that could take a nap and still keep walking. He once told Mr. Stubbins, who owned the mercantile, “Oh...I’m in no real hurry I guess. I’ll get there. And besides, my feet don’t hurt as quick when I take it slow.” That seemed to make sense to Mr. Stubbins but Stubbins had to ask, “Why don’t you just ride your horse?”

“What, me get up on Jumpback? The way I see it...if my two feet start to hurt, them I’m sure Jumpback’s four feet gotta hurt too, so he don’t need me sittin’ on his back, while I’m resting my feet”, and that seemed to make sense to Mr. Stubbins too.

 Stubbins disappeared through his store front door and came right back and walked out to Scalabo. “Mind if I give him these?”,  holding out three or four carrots and an apple. “I’ve got more than I can sell and they’ll just go bad, as hot as it’s been."

“Oh no sir I don’t. And I’m sure he’ll like those very much...if you can wake him up”, Scalabo thanked him with a wink. “He likes that wild rye that grows there up about five miles. Good time of year for it. Hasn’t started to seed yet. Yeah...he likes that”.

“And for you sir”, as Mr. Stubbins held out his hand to Scalabo displaying a chunk of chocolate, a plug of tobacco and a small, odd shaped piece of smooth, clear glass. “They sent extra this time and it’s only good fresh.” Stubbins knew Scalabo was not a man after handouts, or a man to be thought of as down on his luck.

“Well thank you Mr. Stubbins. Anything I can do to repay you for all this? And what’s this?” holding up that little piece of glass.

“Oh no sir. Not at all. I wouldn’t think of it. It’s my pleasure.  All I can say is, they say that glass brings good luck.”

“Well sir that would be just fine with me. And it seems to be already working with all the generosity you’ve shown me today. I’ll be going now and we’ll see you our next time through. Not to expect something or anything like that. Just for a visit. Nothing more. And I’ll let you know how my luck’s been going”.

 It’s a pretty easy walk up to where those two were headed. Good solid road and no ruts. It’s just the kind of dirt that’s around here. Even after a three day rain the road's not very muddy. There’s a slight uphill rise about three miles out. It takes off to the northwest and then drops down a bit into a large meadow. Just past the crest of the rise there’s a trail that heads off to the left and goes over to a stream about a half a mile or so over. The trail takes off north again and follows the row of cottonwoods that line the bank of the stream. There’s also some tall grasses, lots of wild flowers and a pretty good stretch of berry bushes. It eventually ends up at a small pond and then curves around towards that rye patch they were headed for, and then meets back up with the main road . This is the route Scalabo always took. Plenty of good water for them both and he’d tell Jumpback that “most the time it’s better to eat dessert first."

Scalabo thought, when he first saw this place years ago, the stream used to be a river and that pond is what’s left of most likely a lake that covered this whole meadow floor. The only trees besides the cottonwoods were way off at the start of some hills where twenty miles after that, started to become mountains. He liked the idea he might be walking on the bottom of an old lake. He liked the idea there was plenty of good stuff for Jumpback to eat. He spent the night there along that stream many times through the years. Sometimes he’d go stay by the pond. He liked the idea it was up to him to keep going or just to sit.

Mr. Stubbins went out a while later to see how far Scalabo and Jumpback had made it on their way to the rye patch. He didn’t know what their plans where after that. Where they’d be off to he could only imagine. He wondered if Scalabo even knew where he was off to. Maybe Scalabo wondered that same thing too.

title: Scalabo and Jumpback

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What kind of a man is Scalabo?

answer: He seems generous, not someone to be thrown down in a bad way.

text: Vague

refinement: He seems generous, kind, thoughtful and deliberate. He does not like taking handouts.

answer: Scalabo is a man who walks slowly. He is never in a hurry. He also owns a horse named Jumpback, but almost never rides it. His excuse is that if his feet are hurting, then the horse's feet must be too, hence it would be unfair to ride it. Scalabo is a superstitious man. Stubbins, a neighbor (presumably) once gave him some gifts including a glass which supposedly brings good luck. Scalabo seems overjoyed to have it; he thinks the glass is already working since Stubbins gave him such generous gifts.

answer: Scalabo appears to be a good-natured fellow who is natural in his mannerisms.

answer: Normally laid-back, Scalabo prefers to walk instead of ride because he doesn't want to contribute to hurting Jumpback's feet. He does not seek out handouts, but accepts them when offered, for the good luck they promise. His motivation for going places is unclear, but he enjoys being outdoors, appreciates nature and respects his surroundings. Scalabo is thoughtful and appreciative.

answer: Scalabo is a slow and deliberate man who values his feet over his need to arrive somewhere quickly. He cares more about observing and experiencing his surroundings than he does about staying on a singular path. He is kind, thoughtful, and generous.


text:
The 1957–58 ST. LOUIS HAWKS SEASON was the third for the franchise in St. Louis and the 12th season overall in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Coming off their trip to the 1957 NBA Finals, the Hawks won the Western Division by 8 games with a record of 41 wins and 31 losses. Bob Pettit ranked 3rd in scoring and 2nd in rebounding.[1] In the Western Finals, the Hawks would beat the Detroit Pistons in 5 games. The Hawks would then face the Boston Celtics in the NBA Finals. After Games 1 and 2, the teams headed to St. Louis with the series tied at a game apiece. The Hawks took Game 3, as the Celtics lost Bill Russell to an ankle injury.[2] Despite playing without Russell, the Celtics were triumphant in Game 4. The Hawks pulled out a 2-point victory in the Game 5 to take control of the series. Needing one more win for their first NBA Championship, the Hawks beat the Celtics 110–109 in Game 6. Bob Pettit scored 50 points playing against an injured Bill Russell as the Hawks and owner Ben Kerner won their first NBA Title.[3]

The Hawks were the second St. Louis-based pro sports team to win a major championship, joining the, then, six-time World Series Champion St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball. They would be followed by five more World Series championships by the St. Louis Cardinals, a championship by the St. Louis (now Los Angeles) Rams in Super Bowl XXXIV, and a championship by the St. Louis Blues in the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals which made St. Louis the eighth city to win a championship in each of the four major U.S. sports.

Roster

Regular season

Season standings

Record vs. opponents

  1957-58 NBA Records
  --------------------- ------- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- -----
  Team
  Boston
  Cincinnati
  Detroit
  Minneapolis
  New York
  Philadelphia
  St. Louis
  Syracuse

Playoffs

West Division Semifinals

The Hawks had a division semifinal bye.

West Division Finals

(1) ST. LOUIS HAWKS vs. (2) Detroit Pistons: _Hawks win series 4–1_

-   GAME 1 @ St. Louis: ST. LOUIS 114, Detroit 111
-   GAME 2 @ Detroit: ST. LOUIS 99, Detroit 96
-   GAME 3 @ St. Louis: DETROIT 109, St. Louis 89
-   GAME 4 @ Detroit: ST. LOUIS 145, Detroit 101
-   GAME 5 @ St. Louis: ST. LOUIS 120, Detroit 96

LAST PLAYOFFS MEETING: 1956 Western Division Finals (Pistons won 3–2, while still in Fort Wayne)

NBA Finals

  Game     Date       Home Team   Result    Road Team
  -------- ---------- ----------- --------- -----------
  Game 1   March 29   Boston      102–104   ST. LOUIS
  Game 2   March 30   BOSTON      136–112   St. Louis
  Game 3   April 2    ST. LOUIS   111–108   Boston
  Game 4   April 5    St. Louis   98–109    BOSTON
  Game 5   April 9    Boston      100–102   ST. LOUIS
  Game 6   April 12   ST. LOUIS   110–109   Boston

_Hawks win series 4–2_

Awards and honors

-   Bob Pettit, All-NBA First Team
-   Slater Martin, All-NBA Second Team
-   Cliff Hagan, All-NBA Second Team

[1] http://www.sportsecyclopedia.com/nba/stlhawks/stlhawks.html

[2]

[3]

title: 1957–58 St. Louis Hawks season

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the achievements of the St. Louis Hawks.

answer: The 1957–58 St. Louis Hawks won the Western Division and their first NBA Championship. This feat was achieved with a record of 41 wins and 31 losses. Several members of the team were recognized for their excellence in the regular season: Bob Pettit was named to the All-NBA First Team, Slater Martin (All-NBA Second Team), and Cliff Hagan (All-NBA Second Team). In the NBA Finals, the Hawks bested the Boston Celtics 4–2 to bring home the franchise's first title.

answer: They won the NBA in the 1957-58 season after finishing first in the Western Division. Bob Pettit was 3rd in scoring and 2nd in rebounding. He managed to score 50 points at the NBA Finals match 6. This was the first time the St. Louis Hawks won the NBA.

text: Grammar error as the response misses to specify that the Hawks won the NBA championship, not the NBA.

refinement: They won the NBA Championship in the 1957-58 season after finishing first in the Western Division. Bob Pettit was 3rd in scoring and 2nd in rebounding. He managed to score 50 points at the NBA Finals match 6. This was the first time the St. Louis Hawks won the NBA Championship.

answer: The St. Louis Hawks had a record of 41 wins and 31 losses. They came in first place in their division and won the Western Finals. In the NBA Finals, they defeated the Boston Celtics to win their first championship. They would later win another title in the 2019 Stanley Cup. They would be the fourth team in the country to have closed both their leagues in winning all the championships.

text: The response includes extraneous information not relevant for the task.

refinement: The St. Louis Hawks had a record of 41 wins and 31 losses. They came in first place in their division and won the Western Finals. In the NBA Finals, they defeated the Boston Celtics to win their first championship.

answer: The St. Louis Hawks won the Western Division Title and defeated the Detroit Pistons in the Western Finals. Then, they went on to win their first NBA Title, beating the Boston Celtics 4–2 in the NBA Finals. Bob Pettit was named All-NBA First Team, and Slater Martin and Cliff Hagan were named All-NBA Second Team.

answer: The Hawks became the second baseball team from St. Louis to win a championship, them joining the then-six-time champion St. Louis Cardinals. Winning a title for the first time brought the St. Louis Hawks their first championship title.

text: The response incorrectly mentions that The Hawks the second baseball team from St Louis to win a championship, however they actually became the second St Louis-based pro sports team to win. The Hawks are not a baseball team.

refinement: The Hawks became the second pro sports team from St. Louis to win a championship, joining the then-six-time champion St. Louis Cardinals of the MLB. Winning a title for the first time brought the St. Louis Hawks their first championship title.

text: The response includes information not useful for the task.

refinement: The Hawks became the second pro sports team from St. Louis to win a championship, joining the then-six-time champion St. Louis Cardinals of the MLB.