text:
The inspiration behind this project comes from an outdated term, "going green". The word has lost its meaning; perhaps it has gained new meaning as a utopian image that only the most naive or young hippies can adhere to. Going green meant keeping our blue marble the way it was.

Fortunately, the days of flower-headbanded hippies is past, and so are the days of longing for realistic potential for renewable energies. With technology and prices making strides unlike ever before, wind and solar energies are on a level playing field with coal power, and soon natural gas and nuclear. People across the world are starting to turn to renewable energy not because it's flashy, ethical, or cool, but rather because it _makes sense._
_
_ Renewables won't just keep the earth green, they'll help keep the whole earth colorful. I present: the Keep Earth Colorful campaign.

To use these images, please contact Daniel Knuth at dknuth92@gmail.com

question: What is meant by "going green"?

answer: Going green refers to using renewable energy sources in order to help protect the environment.

text: Fortunately, the days of flower-headbanded hippies is past, and so are the days of longing for realistic potential for renewable energies.

answer: The word "going green" is meant to represent the idea of using renewable energy sources.

text: Fortunately, the days of flower-headbanded hippies is past, and so are the days of longing for realistic potential for renewable energies.

answer: It used to denote keeping the Earth in a pristine state, environmentally speaking.

text: Fortunately, the days of flower-headbanded hippies is past, and so are the days of longing for realistic potential for renewable energies.

answer: Keeping the earth the way it was.

text: Going green meant keeping our blue marble the way it was.

question: Why does renewable energy make sense now?

answer: Its cost has reduced enough and continues to do so. It makes economic sense to switch to renewables.

text: With technology and prices making strides unlike ever before, wind and solar energies are on a level playing field with coal power, and soon natural gas and nuclear.

answer: Technology and prices are making strides unlike ever before.

text: With technology and prices making strides unlike ever before, wind and solar energies are on a level playing field with coal power, and soon natural gas and nuclear.

answer: Renewable energy makes sense now because it is becoming more affordable and efficient than traditional fossil fuels. Additionally, it is better for the environment and helps to reduce our carbon footprint.

text: With technology and prices making strides unlike ever before, wind and solar energies are on a level playing field with coal power, and soon natural gas and nuclear.

answer: Renewable energy makes sense now because it is on a level playing field with coal power, natural gas, and nuclear.

text: With technology and prices making strides unlike ever before, wind and solar energies are on a level playing field with coal power, and soon natural gas and nuclear.

question: Why did people want to use renewable energy in the past?

answer: People wanted to use renewable energy in the past because it was flashy, ethical, and cool.

text: People across the world are starting to turn to renewable energy not because it's flashy, ethical, or cool, but rather because it _makes sense._

answer: Because it was flashy, ethical, or cool.

text: People across the world are starting to turn to renewable energy not because it's flashy, ethical, or cool, but rather because it _makes sense._

answer: People wanted to use renewable energy in the past because it was seen as a more ethical and environmentally-friendly option than traditional energy sources. However, nowadays, renewable energy is becoming more popular because it is cost-effective and efficient.

text: People across the world are starting to turn to renewable energy not because it's flashy, ethical, or cool, but rather because it _makes sense._

answer: It was flashy, ethical, and cool.

text: People across the world are starting to turn to renewable energy not because it's flashy, ethical, or cool, but rather because it _makes sense._

question: What energy sources can wind and solar replace?

answer: Coal, natural gas, and nuclear.

text: With technology and prices making strides unlike ever before, wind and solar energies are on a level playing field with coal power, and soon natural gas and nuclear.

answer: Coal power.

text: The answer should include the other energy sources mentioned as well.

answer: They are economically viable replacements for coal power.

text: The answer should include the other energy sources mentioned as well.

refinement: They are economically viable replacements for coal, natural gas, and nuclear power.

answer: According to the passage, wind and solar energy can replace coal and natural gas power sources.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The Keep Earth Colorful campaign aims to promote renewable energy sources as a way to help keep the earth colorful and sustainable.

answer: The author is inspired by the outdated term "going green" and wants to use the Keep Earth Colorful campaign to promote renewable energy. The author believes that renewable energy will help keep the earth colorful.

answer: Inspired by the old phrase "going green", the Keep Earth Colorful campaign champions renewable energy. Fortunately, it now makes economic sense to use wind and solar instead of coal, and the renewable prices will match natural gas and nuclear in the future.

answer: The Keep Earth Colorful campaign is a project that aims to raise awareness about the benefits of renewable energy.


split: train

text:
[Caricature by Spy published in Vanity Fair in 1885.] EDWARD WILLIAM BRYDGES WILLYAMS (5 November 1834 – 10 October 1916) was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies.[1] In 1892, he was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall.[2]

Life

Willyams was born 6 November 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams (1792–1822),[3] a banker, land-owner and Liberal elector of Truro[4] and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe, his wife. She was the daughter of Colonel William Brydges Neynoe of Castle Neynoe, County Sligo.[5]

His older brother, James Willyams died aged 38 in 1861.[6]

His aunt by marriage Sarah Brydges Willyams, was an heiress, who married his father's elder brother James (1772–1820) and had no children. However, when she died in 1863, she gave three-quarters of her fortune to Benjamin Disraeli, a great friend of hers and she was interred next to him in the Disraeli vault at Hughenden, Buckinghamshire.[7][8]

Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford.[9]

He was married twice, first to Jane, youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, Bt. on 26 June 1856[10] and then on 5 June 1882 to Emily,[11] a daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy, the proprietor of the _Daily Telegraph_, which then supported the Liberal Party.[12] Emily Brydges Willyams died 5 February 1902.

He died on Tuesday, 10 October 1916, at his seat, Carnanton House, St Columb Major.

Parliamentary service

-   MP for Truro from 1857 to 1859.[13]
-   MP for East Cornwall, 1868–1874.
-   MP for Truro, 1880–1885.

He stood for election at St Austell in 1887, as a Liberal Unionist but was defeated by the Gladstonian candidate,[14] and at the Truro by-election in 1878 he lost to the Conservative candidate Arthur Tremayne.

Interests

He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling.[15] Racing reports in _The Times_ from 1884 to 1910 show his ownership of several race-horses, during this period.

Difficulties

He was the co-respondent in a divorce in 1871/72, having carried on an affair with Lady Jolliffe, the wife of Captain Jolliffe, MP for Wells. He did not stand at the General Election in 1874.[16][17]

Olive Willyams, the wife of his heir, Arthur Hugh Vivien Willyams, tried to obtain £4,000 from him, using promissory notes that he claimed were forged by her. She was committed to prison for three years and "was afterwards declared to have become insane.[18][19][20]

Notes and references

Sources

-   Obituary of Edward Brydges Willyams in _The Times_, Thursday, 12 Oct 1916; pg. 11; Issue 41296; column E.
-   Edwin Jaggard _Cornwall Politics in the Age of Reform 1790–1855_, Royal Historical Society/Boydell Press, (1999), , Chapter 6–8.

[1] Obituary in _The Times_, Thursday, 12 October 1916

[2] _The Times_, Wednesday, 27 January 1892; pg. 9; Issue 33545; col F Appointment of E. B. Willyams in the Court Circular.

[3] _Burke's A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain 1838_, page 38: Willyams of Carnanton, on Google Books.

[4] Edwin Jaggard ''Cornwall politics in the age of reform

[5] _The Gentleman's Magazine_, July–December 1861, p334 Notice of the death of James Willyams on Google Books.

[6]

[7]

[8] ODNB article by M. G. Wiebe, 'Willyams, Sarah Brydges (d. 1863)', _Oxford Dictionary of National Biography_, Oxford University Press, 2004 1, accessed 26 April 2008.

[9]

[10] Probably Sir Trevor Wheler, 11th Baronet (1828–1900). The marriage is reported in _The Times_, Monday, 30 June 1856; pg. 1; Issue 22407; col A

[11] ThePeerage.Com family information for Levy.

[12]

[13] _The Times_, Monday, 16 March 1857; p.12; Issue 22629; col E: “Election Intelligence: Truro”, indicates that Willyams will stand and his views.

[14] _The Times_, Friday, 20 May 1887; pg. 5; Issue 32077; col F: “Election Intelligence. Cornwall, St. Austell Division.” -G L M'Arthur – 3,540 ;Brydges Willyams – 3329.

[15]

[16]

[17] _The Times_, Friday, 8 March 1872; pg. 11; Issue 27319; col D: “Court of Probate and Divorce, March 7”.

[18]

[19] _The Times_, Friday, 4 February 1910; pg. 4; Issue 39187; col A: “The Assizes. Western Circuit., Claim on Promissory Notes.”

[20] _The Times_, Saturday, 1 October 1910; pg. 3; Issue 39392; col A: “Charge of Forgery”.

title: Edward Brydges Willyams

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about life in Cornwall?

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

answer: Willyams was born in 1834 in Cornwall. He was an MP for three Cornish constituencies. He was also a High Sheriff of Cornwall.

text: Irrelevant response

answer: No answer

answer: Willyams was born in Cornwall. He was an MP for three constituencies in the region, and High Sheriff of Cornwall. He was a keen supporter of the sport of hurling.

answer: Not enough information is given to answer the question.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Edward Brydges Willyams' personal life?

answer: Willyams was born in 1834 to Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe under Masonic rites. Born into privilege, Edward's life was rather idyllic. Willyams enjoyed many adventures during his life, like marriage, horses and sport. Also, a divorce.

text: Nothing is said about Masonic rites, and everything after the first sentence is uselessly vague

refinement: Willyams was born in 1834 to Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe.

text: Describe his life after his birth

refinement: Willyams was born in 1834 to Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. He was educated at Merton College, Oxford. In 1856, he married Jane, the youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, but they divorced in 1871, after Willyams had an affair with Lady Jolliffe, the wife of Captain Jolliffe, MP for Wells. In 1882, he married Emily, a daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy, the proprietor of the Daily Telegraph. Emily died in 1902. He was also a supporter of the Cornish sport of hurling, and he owned several race-horses from 1884 to 1910. Olive Willyams, the wife of his heir, attempted to obtain £4,000 from him, using promissory notes he claimed were forged by here; he had her committed to prison for three years and declared insane. Willyams died in 1916.

answer: Willyams was born on November 6, 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. His father was a banker, land-owner, and Liberal elector of Truro. Willyams' older brother, James Willyams, died in 1861. His aunt by marriage, Sarah Brydges Willyams, was an heiress who married his father's elder brother James and had no children. When she died in 1863, she gave three-quarters of her fortune to Benjamin Disraeli, a great friend of hers and was interred next to him in the Disraeli vault at Hughenden, Buckinghamshire. Willyams was married twice. First to Jane Wheler, youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, Bt., and then to Emily Levy, daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy, the proprietor of the Daily Telegraph, which supported the Liberal Party. Emily Willyams died in 1902.

answer: Willyams was born on November 6, 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. His older brother, James Willyams, died in 1861. Willyams was married twice, first to Jane, youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, Bt., and then to Emily, a daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy. He died on October 10, 1916, at his seat, Carnanton House, St Columb Major.

answer: Willyams was born in 1834 to Humphry Willyams, a banker, and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe under Masonic rites. Born into privilege, Edward's life was rather idyllic. Willyams enjoyed many adventures during his life, like marriage, horses and sport. Also, a divorce.

answer: Willyams was born on November 6, 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. His father was a banker, land-owner, and Liberal elector of Truro. Willyams' older brother, James Willyams, died in 1861. His aunt by marriage, Sarah Brydges Willyams, was an heiress who married his father's elder brother James and had no children. When she died in 1863, she gave three-quarters of her fortune to Benjamin Disraeli, a great friend of hers and was interred next to him in the Disraeli vault at Hughenden, Buckinghamshire. Willyams was married twice. First to Jane Wheler, youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, Bt., and then to Emily Levy, daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy, the proprietor of the Daily Telegraph, which supported the Liberal Party. Emily Willyams died in 1902. He was married to Emily Brydges Willyams, who died in 1902.

text: Remove repetition

refinement: Willyams was born on November 6, 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. His father was a banker, land-owner, and Liberal elector of Truro. Willyams' older brother, James Willyams, died in 1861. His aunt by marriage, Sarah Brydges Willyams, was an heiress who married his father's elder brother James and had no children. When she died in 1863, she gave three-quarters of her fortune to Benjamin Disraeli, a great friend of hers and was interred next to him in the Disraeli vault at Hughenden, Buckinghamshire. Willyams was married twice. First to Jane Wheler, youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, Bt., and then to Emily Levy, daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy, the proprietor of the Daily Telegraph, which supported the Liberal Party. Emily Willyams died in 1902.

answer: Willyams was born on November 6, 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. His older brother, James Willyams, died in 1861. Willyams was married twice, first to Jane, youngest daughter of Sir Trevor Wheler, Bt., and then to Emily, a daughter of Sir Joseph Moses Levy. He died on October 10, 1916, at his seat, Carnanton House, St Columb Major. Willyams was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. He was a co-respondent in a divorce in 1871/72. Olive Willyams, the wife of his heir, Arthur Hugh Vivien Willyams, tried to obtain £4,000 from him, using promissory notes that he claimed were forged by her. She was committed to prison for three years and "was afterwards declared to have become insane."

answer: Willyams was born on November 6, 1834, the son of Humphry Willyams (1792-1822), a banker and land owner, and Ellen Frances Brydges Neynoe. His older brother, James Willyams died in 1861. Willyams was an only child as his mother had nine miscarriages and was unable to have more. Willyams was educated at the Merton College, Oxford.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Willyams' career?

answer: Willyams was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall in 1892. He stood for election at St Austell in 1887, as a Liberal Unionist but was defeated by the Gladstonian candidate. He also lost to the Conservative candidate Arthur Tremayne at the Truro by-election in 1878.

answer: Willyams was elected MP in each of the three constituencies. He was elected as High Sheriff of Cornwall. He was appointed as a magistrate and succeeded at getting himself involved in the Liberal Party.

text: He was never a magistrate

refinement: Willyams was elected MP in each of the three constituencies. He was elected as High Sheriff of Cornwall.

answer: He was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall in 1892. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. He stood in 1857, 1868-1875, 1880, 1887 and 1878 for political election. In 1880, he was sent again to the Parliament of Cornwall as an MP for Truro. In 1887, he stood for election in St. Austell but lost to the Gladstonian candidate. Willyams was the bearer of the deceased at the funeral of Gladstone in 1898.

text: Everything after the second sentence contains inaccuracies and is unnecessary

refinement: He was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall in 1892.

answer: He was a Liberal MP for three Cornish constituencies. In 1892, he was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall.

answer: Willyams was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall in 1892. He stood for election at St Austell in 1887, as a Liberal Unionist but was defeated by the Gladstonian candidate. He also lost to the Conservative candidate Arthur Tremayne at the Truro by-election in 1878. He was also the co-respondent in a divorce in 1871/72.

text: The last sentence is irrelevant

refinement: Willyams was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall in 1892. He stood for election at St Austell in 1887, as a Liberal Unionist but was defeated by the Gladstonian candidate. He also lost to the Conservative candidate Arthur Tremayne at the Truro by-election in 1878.

answer: Willyams was elected MP in each of the three Cornish constituencies plural. He was elected as High Sheriff of Cornwall. He was appointed as a magistrate and succeeded at getting himself involved in the Liberal Party.

text: He was never appointed as a magistrate

refinement: Willyams was elected MP in each of the three Cornish constituencies plural. He was elected as High Sheriff of Cornwall.

text: He was appointed Sheriff

refinement: Willyams was elected MP in each of the three Cornish constituencies plural. He was also appointed as High Sheriff of Cornwall.

text: The response implies that there are only 3 Cornish constituencies, but that is not supported

refinement: Willyams was elected MP for three Cornish constituencies. He was also appointed as High Sheriff of Cornwall.

answer: He was a Liberal MP, successively for three Cornish constituencies. He was appointed High Sheriff of Cornwall in 1892. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. In 1857, he was elected an MP for Truro, and again in 1868-1875. In 1880, he was sent again to the Parliament of Cornwall as an MP for Truro. In 1887, he stood for election in St. Austell but lost to the Gladstonian candidate. Willyams was the bearer of the deceased at the funeral of Gladstone in 1898.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Willyams' education and interests?

answer: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. Racing reports in _The Times_ from 1884 to 1910 show his ownership of several race-horses, during this period.

answer: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was also a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. Racing reports in The Times from 1884 to 1910 show his ownership of several race-horses.

text: Remove repetition

refinement: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was also a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. Racing reports in The Times from 1884 to 1910 show his ownership of several race-horses.

answer: Willmay was educated at a university called Merton. As an adult, he showed interest in the old sport of hurling. He was a keen supporter of the sport and several racing reports in a newspaper (The Times) show this to be so.

text: "Willyams"

refinement: Willyams was educated at a university called Merton. As an adult, he showed interest in the old sport of hurling. He was a keen supporter of the sport and several racing reports in a newspaper (The Times) show this to be so.

answer: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling. He was a co-respondent in a divorce in 1871/72.

text: Divorce probably wasn't an "interest" of his

refinement: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling.

answer: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling.

answer: Willyams was educated at a university called Merton. As an adult, he showed interest in the sport hurling. He was a keen supporter of the sport and several racing reports in a newspaper (The Times) show this to be so.

answer: Willyams was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He was also a keen supporter of the old Cornish sport of hurling.


text:
Us four sat ensuring my stay.
In conversation, Rick was indirectly called a liar by Rob and Megan
because of me.
The price of being a father.
Any words spoken to him sounded like "Liar".
Any words spoken to me were in question.
As if I was being interrogated.
I had nothing to say unless asked.
The house was a mansion.
My cousin played the role of Keith Cozart.
I looked forward to good times as the house was left mostly
unattended.
As we spoke my mind wandered into flashbacks and daydreams.
Rob was showing me the room where I was going to stay.
There were many rooms and hallways.
Some rooms were connected by doors and weren't connected to hallways.
I opened a door to a bathroom and there was someone in the bathtub.
At first I laughed and looked away but Rob quicly put his arm around me and
led me away, and as he did I caught another quick glimpse of the bathtub and
noticed that it was a body. I was shocked and Rob started to remind me that I
didn't see anything that there was no one there. I instantly protested to
staying in the adjacent room which was where we were headed. I threatened to say
what I saw if forced to stay there. I was led away. The confusion and
unknowingness turned into fear and Plan. We returned downstairs and played it
off, acting as if that didn't happen. Later I spoke with Rob's sister about
what I had seen and she told me that it was not infact a body but pieces of
bodies that were created from insecurities. That she herself had created some
of the pieces that were in the bathtub. We walked and talked. I thought about
what I heard. Generations of insecurities brought about what was in the
bathtub. They all knew. Did Rick know? Did Megan know? I didn't know.
Who was it? Was it one of their own. We ended up back at the bathroom and I
looked in again and what I saw shocked me to the point that I couldn't clearly
make out what it was. Was it a body or was it pieces? It was entirely
underneath the water. I faked emotion and accepted the pieces of insecurities
and agreed to stay in the adjacent room. It was the only way to survive.
I spent most of the first week alone in the room.
I heard them speaking about me. About how I spent time alone.
I was genuinely afraid. The first chance I would take it.
It was a Saturday. I had stolen a few grams of Rob's cocaine and
over the course of 2 days had made it injectable with no one knowing.
The owner of the mansion, the famous Dr. Bob, had syringes in the
downstairs bathroom. Everyone left late in the night.
The only ones left were Rob and Megan. Who were passed out. I stabbed Rob with
the needle and injected it. As he woke and saw me he knew what my
intentions were but could not prevent them as the high almost instantly kicked
in and he fell into a euphoric state. Megan didn't even wake up.
The thought crossed my mind. Did she know about the bathtub? Had she noticed the
change in my behavior? I weighed the risk of foiling my Plan in my mind before
deciding to leave her behind as I escaped into the night. I stole a car from
the mansions garage and left leaving no trace of where I was going.
The insecurity of being insecure. Being insecure was my only security, the
only thing that led me to escape the fate that awaited me. Where all others had
failed and gave in to become part of the fate themselves I had broken free.

title: the fate that awaited

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who are the four people in conversation?

answer: The four people in conversation are Rick, Rob, Megan, and the narrator (the protagonist).

answer: The narrator is one of them, as are Megan, Rick, and Rob.

answer: Rick, Rob, Megan, and the narrator

answer: Rick, Rob, Megan, and the narrator.

answer: The four people in conversation are Rick, Rob, Megan, and the narrator.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How does the narrator escape?

answer: They steal a car from the garage and leave.

text: Doesn't mention the distraction they implement to allow them to escape.

refinement: By stabbing Rob with a needle and injecting him with cocaine. The high kicks in and Rob falls into a euphoric state, allowing the narrator to escape. They steal a car from the garage and leave.

answer: The narrator escapes by stabbing Rob with a needle and injecting him with cocaine. The high kicks in and Rob falls into a euphoric state, allowing the narrator to escape. The narrator steals a car from the mansion's garage and leaves, leaving no trace of where they are going.

answer: He steals a car.

text: Doesn't mention the distraction they employ allowing their escape.

refinement: By stabbing Rob with a needle and injecting him with cocaine. The high kicks in and Rob falls into a euphoric state, allowing the narrator to escape. They then steal a car.

answer: The narrator escapes by drugging and murdering one of the people at the mansion and then stealing a car to escape.

text: Doesn't say anything about killing anyone.

refinement: The narrator escapes by drugging one of the people at the mansion and then stealing a car to escape.

answer: They escape by stealing a car from the mansion and going somewhere else. They make it look like another one of them had succeeded, when, in fact, he had never seen what he did.

text: Doesn't mention the distraction they employ allowing them to leave.

refinement: By stabbing Rob with a needle and injecting him with cocaine. The high kicks in and Rob falls into a euphoric state, allowing the narrator to escape. They escape by stealing a car from the mansion and going somewhere else. They make it look like another one of them had succeeded, when, in fact, he had never seen what he did.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is the owner of the mansion?

answer: The owner of the mansion is Dr. Bob.

answer: Doctor Bob.

answer: The owner of the mansion is Dr. Bob.

answer: Dr. Bob is the mansion's owner.

answer: Dr. Rob is the owner of the mansion.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who does the narrator consider escaping with?

answer: The narrator considers escaping with Rob.

text: The narrator considers escaping with Megan before deciding to leave her behind.

refinement: The narrator considers escaping with Megan before deciding to leave her behind.

answer: The narrator considers escaping with Megan.

answer: The narrator considers escaping with Rob.

text: The narrator considers escaping with Megan before deciding to leave her behind.

refinement: The narrator considers escaping with Megan before deciding to leave her behind.

answer: While not fully conveyed, she does seem to reach out first to Megan.

answer: Megan.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: The protagonist escapes the fate of being caught and killed in the bathtub of an abandoned mansion. In the process, the protagonist murders one of the house's residents and escapes. Unsure of what will happen, the protagonist decides to leave the other resident behind. Escaping to the outside world, the protagonist is now on the run from the fate that awaited him.

answer: In a mansion, four people are discussing Rick. Rob and Megan accuse Rick of being a liar, even though he had nothing to do with them. In the room where he was supposed to stay, there was a body in the bathtub. Terrified of the consequences, he faked emotion and agreed to stay in another room. That Saturday night, he stabbed Rob and injected him with cocaine, killing him. He left Megan behind and escaped in a stolen car. The only chance he has to escape the fate that awaited him was breaking free and escaping.

text: Not clear that the protagonist is not Rick.

refinement: In a mansion, four people are discussing Rick. Rob and Megan accuse Rick of being a liar, even though he had nothing to do with them. In the room where the protagonist was supposed to stay, there was a body in the bathtub. Terrified of the consequences, the protagonist faked emotion and agreed to stay in another room. That Saturday night, the protagonist stabbed Rob and injected him with cocaine, killing him. The protagonist left Megan behind and escaped in a stolen car. The only chance he has to escape the fate that awaited him was breaking free and escaping.

text: The cocaine injection doesn't kill Rob.

refinement: In a mansion, four people are discussing Rick. Rob and Megan accuse Rick of being a liar, even though he had nothing to do with them. In the room where the protagonist was supposed to stay, there was a body in the bathtub. Terrified of the consequences, the protagonist faked emotion and agreed to stay in another room. That Saturday night, the protagonist stabbed Rob and injected him with cocaine, subduing him. The protagonist left Megan behind and escaped in a stolen car. The only chance he has to escape the fate that awaited him was breaking free and escaping.

answer: The narrator is with Rick, Rob, and Megan inside of a mansion. The narrator is shown their room and walks into a nearby bathroom to see a body in the bathtub. Rob pulls them out of the bathroom and tells them they saw nothing. They isolate themselves in their room for a week and finally hatch a plan to escape. They inject cocaine in Rob to distract him and take a car from the garage to escape.

answer:
The narrator attends a dinner party at Rob and Megan's house, where they are suspicious of a bathtub they see in a downstairs bathroom. It is not until the narrator is taken in another room and after asking his cousin Rick if they've ever seen any of the pieces that are in the tub. Megan, Rob's sister, reveals the scary truth to the narrator that the tub is filled with bits of bodies made from insecurities from many generations of insiders.

To escape the fate, the narrator kills Rob by injecting him with cocaine. Then, the narrator writes a farewell note to Megan and leaves her unconscious at the mansion.

text: The protagonist sees a body in the bathtub.

refinement:
The narrator attends a dinner party at Rob and Megan's house, where they are suspicious of a bathtub they see in a downstairs bathroom with a body in it. It is not until the narrator is taken in another room and after asking his cousin Rick if they've ever seen any of the pieces of bodies that are in the tub. Megan, Rob's sister, reveals the scary truth to the narrator that the tub is filled with bits of bodies made from insecurities from many generations of insiders.

To escape the fate, the narrator kills Rob by injecting him with cocaine. Then, the narrator writes a farewell note to Megan and leaves her unconscious at the mansion.

text: The cocaine injection doesn't kill Rick.

refinement:
The narrator attends a dinner party at Rob and Megan's house, where they are suspicious of a bathtub they see in a downstairs bathroom with a body in it. It is not until the narrator is taken in another room and after asking his cousin Rick if they've ever seen any of the pieces of bodies that are in the tub. Megan, Rob's sister, reveals the scary truth to the narrator that the tub is filled with bits of bodies made from insecurities from many generations of insiders.

To escape the fate, the narrator subdues Rob by injecting him with cocaine. Then, the narrator writes a farewell note to Megan and leaves her unconscious at the mansion.

text: The protagonist doesn't leave a note.

refinement:
The narrator attends a dinner party at Rob and Megan's house, where they are suspicious of a bathtub they see in a downstairs bathroom with a body in it. It is not until the narrator is taken in another room and after asking his cousin Rick if they've ever seen any of the pieces of bodies that are in the tub. Megan, Rob's sister, reveals the scary truth to the narrator that the tub is filled with bits of bodies made from insecurities from many generations of insiders.

To escape the fate, the narrator subdues Rob by injecting him with cocaine. Then, the narrator leaves Megan behind at the mansion.

text: He escapes by stealing a car from the garage.

refinement:
The narrator attends a dinner party at Rob and Megan's house, where they are suspicious of a bathtub they see in a downstairs bathroom with a body in it. It is not until the narrator is taken in another room and after asking his cousin Rick if they've ever seen any of the pieces of bodies that are in the tub. Megan, Rob's sister, reveals the scary truth to the narrator that the tub is filled with bits of bodies made from insecurities from many generations of insiders.

To escape the fate, the narrator subdues Rob by injecting him with cocaine. Then, the narrator leaves Megan behind at the mansion stealing a car from the garage.

answer: The narrator is at a rich friend's house. The friend, Megan, and her brother meet the narrator there to take him to a room, which he is to stay in for the rest of the night. In his room, he thinks he sees a dead body in a bathtub, fakes outrage and is moved to another room. He ends up consuming a quantity of coke after the adults leave and goes to kill the brother, when he gets high and Megan wakes up, but he only kills the brother. The narrator feels insecure and decides to escape to better his odds of survival.

text: The narrator doesn't consume cocaine, but does isolate himself.

refinement: The narrator is at a rich friend's house. The friend, Megan, and her brother meet the narrator there to take him to a room, which he is to stay in for the rest of the night. In his room, he thinks he sees a dead body in a bathtub, fakes outrage and is moved to another room. He ends up isolating himself in his room and goes to kill the brother, when he gets high and Megan wakes up, but he only kills the brother. The narrator feels insecure and decides to escape to better his odds of survival.

text: He doesn't kill rob with the injection, just subdues him.

refinement: The narrator is at a rich friend's house. The friend, Megan, and her brother meet the narrator there to take him to a room, which he is to stay in for the rest of the night. In his room, he thinks he sees a dead body in a bathtub, fakes outrage and is moved to another room. He ends up isolating himself in his room and goes to escape by injecting Rob with cocaine subduing him. Megan wakes up. The narrator feels insecure and decides to escape to better his odds of survival.

text: Megan doesn't wake up, he considers rescuing her, too, but leaves her behind.

refinement: The narrator is at a rich friend's house. The friend, Megan, and her brother meet the narrator there to take him to a room, which he is to stay in for the rest of the night. In his room, he thinks he sees a dead body in a bathtub, fakes outrage and is moved to another room. He ends up isolating himself in his room and goes to escape by injecting Rob with cocaine subduing him. The narrator feels insecure and decides to escape to better his odds of survival. He decides against bring Megan along and escapes by stealing a car from the garage.


text:
In spite of the distance and the obstacles in between, the man could still hear muffled voices coming from outside. The sounds reach through the door, having already gone past the thick blue curtain that he will soon pass. The man rubs his hands together, and mutters to himself, that he will not cry, he will not cry, he will not cry. He paces inside the waiting room. So quiet, but considering the walls, there must be thousands of them watching. He sits down on the small chair provided, then immediately gets up and resumes pacing. He knows some of the ones outside want to see him fail. He can imagine their cutting words- so casually cruel, they will grab hold of anything at all, his hair, his weight, whatever it takes to reduce him. So he says to himself: a giant attracts many stones.

There is a round mirror on the wall, in front of the man's inhaler, his lucky dice and the baseball cap he's worn to every game since he was thirteen years old. He tries to avoid his reflection. Even back when he was thirteen he took it more seriously than the others. Over a decade of people telling him he wasn't good enough. Countless memories of mockery and naysayers. Oh god what are they saying outside? He wonders if she's there- I mean no chance, he rebukes himself for daring to hope. Too late, the flame catches, and it's igniting- that enthusiastic voice inside himself says: She's there. She'll be watching, even if she doesn't understand. Besides they may mock him, sure, they always have. But they aren't up here. And also, some of them will cheer.

A lot of them will cheer.

The man punches his hand, once, twice, three times. The same old sweat on his forehead. Music plays inside his mind- old tunes, like the sound of horns. Battle songs. His heart is racing, chest bursting, the fear is cackling now. He goes towards the door of the trailer, puts one clammy hand on the steel knob and turns. Sound rushes past him, fills the empty place he's leaving. This is it, this is the point. This is everything he's ever wanted. He approaches the velvet wall. The curtain is there, soft beneath his clammy hand- big and blue, and behind that the spectators. He waits. He's got to wait for his turn now. The fear grabs at his gut, and pummels him with questions- what if's. What if you forget the build. What if you're too slow. What if you slip and what if you choke. There are no two ways around it, he either clenches hard, somewhere inside, and lets the doubts have their moment, or he finds some kind of inspiration to override the niggling fears. He is a samurai preparing for battle.

The voice that led him all the way here says: In order to win you must be prepared to die.

Everyone told him it was just a game. He always knew it wasn't just a game. It was The Game. He's died so many times, and he's always felt it. The man is prepared. Now, thousands of people outside sit on the edge of their plastic chairs, hoping or cursing him. And all smiling with anticipation. His name is called, through the velvet curtain. Not the name his parents gave him but the one he defined, the one he chose, the one that people know, even if they've never seen his face, when his name comes up on the screen they know. They call his name. The curtain begins to part so slowly, and for a moment the entire thing overwhelms him. He never dared to dream, as he spent so many sleepless nights training, that one day he would be here, at the top. A history of insults, of self-doubt, of tears that no one thought were worthy of shedding and finally....

Big bright white stars on his face. He resists the urge to bring up an arm. They told him during the rehearsal that there would be a glare. The what if's stop. The fear settles, coils, hardens into that adrenaline moment, that sheer edge. That's his blade- concentration, skill, and courage. He walks towards his seat. An ocean of cheers vibrate around him, flowing like a cape. All that he's worked for, and still, it isn't enough. He's not the best yet. Not unless he wins. He takes his seat in front of the computer. Puts on his headphones and gives his mouse a few clicks. He couldn't explain to most people how the game works.  The voice says: Just like cricket. Or ice hockey. Or shogi. The man couldn't easily explain about last hitting, or micro, or good opening strategy. He couldn't tell a layperson exactly what he was about to do- only someone that played might understand.

And yet as the crowd began to coil, into silence, and wait, he realized that right now, for these few minutes, he shared a moment with champions. With anyone that's ever had to contend with the exhilaration and the final challenge. For a moment he was kin to boxers, gladiators, olympians and chess masters. With anyone that has had to measure a lifetime against one opponent. The man's opponent takes his seat, receives his share of cheers. His opponent is the only reflection worth comparing himself to. The man imagines she's watching, and even if she does not understand the game, she'll understand what this is like- the moments before.

He nods, and types: GL HF.

The rules are different. The game is different. The feelings have always been the same.

He smiles, feeling the phantom hands of winners on his shoulder.

In front of thousands, with his headphones on he mouths:

Let's dance.

title: Another short story by me, on my unending quest to become a decent writer: "The Finalist"

question: Who is the main character?

answer: The main character is a man who is competing in a computer game tournament, against another challenger.

answer: He's a professional gamer in the finals of a tournament.

answer: The main character is obviously the man playing the computer game.

text: He's not just playing

refinement: The main character is competing in a computer game.

question: Why is the main character worried?

answer: He's having some stage fright due to reaching the highest stakes of the game he plays.

text: The answer is incomplete

refinement: He has stage fright due to reaching the highest stakes of the game he plays. He is worried that the audience may jeer at him, especially if he makes mistakes

answer: The main character is worried because he is playing in the final round of an ultra-competitive game, and has spent years working to get as good as he is now. He knows that he is not the best yet, and fears making mistakes that others will notice.

answer: The main character is worried because winning this game presents a challenge he has never faced before and he is wary that he might fall short or make a mistake. He is also anxious about the outside observers who may be cheering for him or jeering him based on how he performs.

question: Why does the main character think the hands of champion boxers, gladiators, Olympians, and chess masters are on his shoulders?

answer: Because he's really good at what he does.

text: Perhaps a bit more than that

refinement: He feels as though he follows where they have led, a feeling of support and comradery

answer: He feels the same kind of pressure as they did in the highest stakes of competition.

answer: Because he is part of a competitive game.

text: Not very inventive

refinement: He feels as though he follows where they have led, a feeling of support and comradery

question: What soothes the stage fright of the main character?

answer: An invocation. The main character was doing something more meaningful than just a game to play for amusement. The anticipation he afforded the people on the other side of the curtain just fueled him: he was occupied

text: The answer doesn't make much sense

refinement: The main character was doing something more meaningful than just a game to play for amusement. He shares the moment with champions. He realizes that more people will cheer for him than the naysayers will boo and that someone special will be there watching him.

answer: He realizes that more people will cheer for him than the naysayers will boo and that someone special will be there watching him.

text: Add something about the champions

refinement: He realizes that more people will cheer for him than the naysayers will boo and that someone special will be there watching him. He shares the moment with champions.

answer: He's grateful he's in the game, and all he has to do is stay 'in the zone' and place his mouse cursor on the correct spot.

text: Not entirely correct

refinement: He's grateful he's in the game, and all he has to do is stay 'in the zone' and place his mouse cursor on the correct spot. He realizes that he shares the moment with champions and that someone special is watching.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: The finalist is flooded with anticipation and worry as he waits to be called to the stage. As his name, not his given name but the one he chose is called onto the stage, he feels the pressure to perform at the highest level. His resolve hardens as he takes to the stage in front of his computer, feeling the hands of champions of all sports that felt the same things he does now. He mutters into the microphone: Let's dance.

text: battles a bit with flow and coherence

refinement: The finalist is flooded with anticipation and worry as he waits to be called to the stage. He feels the pressure to perform at the highest level. His resolve hardens as he takes to the stage in front of his computer. He feels the hands of champions upon his shoulders and he knows too that an important person watches. He mutters into the microphone: Let's dance.

answer: The protagonist is a competitor about to go head-to-head in a high-stakes gaming tournament. Although he is nervous about the outcome, he is confident in his abilities and prepares accordingly. In the moments before the competition begins, he reflects on the other top-tier players he is competing against. He nods to his opponent, typed GL HF (good luck, have fun) as the battle begins.

answer: In this story, the protagonist sees the upcoming computer game as his chance to become the best in his field. Although he is wracked with fears and doubts, his commitment and dedication drive him on to victory through sheer focus and skill.

text: This is only two sentences

refinement: In this story, the protagonist sees the upcoming computer game as his chance to become the best in his field. Although he is wracked with fears and doubts, his commitment and dedication drive him on to victory through sheer focus and skill. He knows that he stands among champions of all sports and he also knows that a special person is watching.

answer: In this story, a man is competing in a heated, high-stakes gaming tournament. He knows it's not "just a game" to him, and he is prepared to give his all - even if the odds are slightly against him. He faces his opponent with determination, confidence, and a dash of fear, and waits for the game to begin.

text: Something should be said about the special person who it watching

refinement: In this story, a man is competing in a heated, high-stakes gaming tournament. He knows it's not "just a game" to him, and he is prepared to give his all - even if the odds are slightly against him. He faces his opponent with determination, confidence, and a dash of fear. He waits for the game to begin knowing that she is watching.

answer: In this short story, the protagonist is competing in a game which is described as being like others like cricket or chess. The man faces a challenging opponent, and feels confident as he enters into what he knows is a historic sporting moment. As he eagerly awaits the start of the game, it seems like the man knows the risk is worth it - as it's what he's always dreamed of.

text: This says nothing about computer games.

refinement: In this short story, the protagonist is competing in a computer game. The man faces a challenging opponent, and though he has feels confident as he enters into what he knows is a historic sporting moment.

text: The summary rambles on offering little information

refinement: In this short story, the protagonist is competing in a computer game. The man faces a challenging opponent. Initially racked by doubt and fear, he realizes that many sporting champions have gone before him and he knows that someone special is watching from the audience.

answer: The 'man' is on the brink of competing in a major competition and is trying to navigate the natural anxiety and fear that accompany such a momentous task. He is bolstered by his training and by the thought that someone out there is rooting for him no matter what others may say. With the stakes high, he prepares to play the game to the best of his ability, knowing that whoever wins will be a champion against all odds.


text:
SABRINA BULJUBAŠIĆ (born 30 September 1988) is a Bosnian retired professional footballer[1] and international lawyer who is the current director of Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

Early life and education

Buljubašić was born in the industrial city of Tuzla, before emigrating with her family to the United States at the age of five during the Bosnian War.[2] Her family settled in Vancouver, Washington, where she was first introduced to football.[3] After captaining her high school varsity team, Buljubašić declined numerous scholarship offers in the United States,[4] choosing to relocate to Bosnia and Herzegovina and continue her studies there, enrolling in the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina (AUBiH) where she earned a degree in international relations.[5]

She further graduated from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE - the Graduate School of Law and Economy) in Madrid with an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management.[6]

Playing career

While studying, Buljubašić simultaneously established ŽNK Salt City Tuzla,[7] the first women's football club in her home town, going on to captain it and hold the position of vice-chairwoman for three years.[8] In 2012, she joined Bosnian powerhouse SFK 2000 with whom she won a league and cup double and reached the Round of 32 in the UEFA Women's Champions League.[9]

At this time Buljubašić also represented Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally, earning six caps and scoring one goal. Soon after she retired at the age of only 26, wishing to focus only on international sports law.[10]

Administrative career

After working as a sports agent and columnist for varies football organizations including FIFA and the NWSL, as well as being an adviser for women's football in the Football Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Buljubašić was named acting director of Sarajevo upon the request of club owner, billionaire and chairman of Berjaya Group, Vincent Tan in August 2016, thus becoming the first woman to hold a management position in the club's history.[11][12] On 20 December 2016, it was confirmed that Buljubašić became the new club director indefinitely.[13]

Honours

Player

SFK 2000

-   Bosnian Women's Premier League: 2012–13, 2013–14
-   Bosnian Women's Cup: 2012–13, 2013–14

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

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title: Sabrina Buljubašić

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is Sabrina Buljubašić?

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired Bosnian professional footballer and current director of Sarajevo.

text: The answer should be more specific about what exactly Buljubašić is a director of.

refinement: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired Bosnian professional footballer and current director of the Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

answer: She is a retired professional footballer, international sports lawyer, and current director of the Bosnian Premier League club, Sarajevo.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a Bosnian retired professional footballer and international lawyer who is currently the director of Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

answer: According to the article, a Bosnian retired professional footballer and international lawyer who is the current director of Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a Bosnian retired professional footballer and international lawyer.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where was Sabrina born?

answer: Tuzla

answer: She was born in Tuzla, Bosnia, before emigrating with her family to the United States at the age of five during the Bosnian War.

text: There is unnecessary information in the answer.

answer: Tuzla, Bosnia

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić was born in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

answer: Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to Sabrina's education.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić graduated from the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina with a degree in international relations, and further graduated from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE - the Graduate School of Law and Economy) in Madrid with an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić completed an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE).

text: The answer is missing a description of Buljubašić's undergraduate education.

refinement: Sabrina Buljubašić attended the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina, where she received a degree in international relations. She then completed an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE).

answer: Sabrina graduated high school in the US, where she was the captain of the football varsity team. She declined several scholarships in the US and relocated to Bosnia and Herzegovina, where she studied at the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina (AUBiH) where she earned a degree in international relations. She went to Madrid and earned her master's degree in Sports Law and Management from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía or ISDE.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić completed an international relations degree from the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina, before further graduating from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE) in Madrid with an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management. While simultaneously organizing and captaining ŽNK Salt City Tuzla, Buljubašić represented Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally, eventually retiring from football at the age of 26 to focus on her education in sports law. Buljubašić now serves as the director of Bosnian Premier League club Sarajevo.

text: There is information in the answer that does not pertain to Buljubašić's education.

refinement: Sabrina Buljubašić completed an international relations degree from the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina, before further graduating from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía (ISDE) in Madrid with an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management.

answer: Sabrina accepted a scholarship in the United States. She moved to the US and then settled in Vancouver. She captained her high school's varsity team and declined scholarship offers to further her education in the US. She studied at the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina and completed her education in Madrid with an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management.

text: The first sentence is inaccurate.

refinement: She moved to the US and then settled in Vancouver. She captained her high school's varsity team and declined scholarship offers to further her education in the US. She studied at the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina and completed her education in Madrid with an international master's degree in Sports Law and Management.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How far did Sabrina's team go in the UEFA Women's Champions League?

answer: They reached Round 32.

answer: The team Buljubašić represented, SFK 2000, reached the Round of 32 in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

answer: SFK 2000 reached the Round of 32 in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

answer: Round 32

answer: Her team reached the Round of 32 in the UEFA Women's Champions League.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired football player and current director of Bosnian premier league club Sarajevo. She originally emigrated from Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina at the age of five during the Bosnian War. After schooling at American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía in Madrid, Buljubašić captained ŽNK Salt City Tuzla, one of the first women's football clubs in her home town. She later joined SFK 2000, where she won a league and cup double. Buljubašić also represented Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally. In 2016 she was named acting director of Sarajevo and became the first woman to hold a management position at the club.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired professional footballer and international lawyer. She graduated from the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina, earning a degree in international relations. She also captain her hometown's first women's football club while playing for SFK 2000, winning a league and cup double. Buljubašić also represented Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally, scoring one goal. Upon the request of club owner Vince Tan, Buljubašić became the Sarajevo club director in 2016. She continues to serve in this role today.

text: There is a grammatical error with the word "captain."

refinement: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired professional footballer and international lawyer. She graduated from the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina, earning a degree in international relations. She also captained her hometown's first women's football club while playing for SFK 2000, winning a league and cup double. Buljubašić also represented Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally, scoring one goal. Upon the request of club owner Vince Tan, Buljubašić became the Sarajevo club director in 2016. She continues to serve in this role today.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired professional footballer, international sports lawyer, and current director of the Bosnian Premier League club, Sarajevo. She has a degree in international relations from the American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina (AUBiH) and a master's degree in Sports Law and Management from the Instituto Superior de Derecho y Economía or ISDE. She joined Bosnian powerhouse SFK 2000, reaching Round 32 in the UEFA Women's Champions League. After retiring at 26, Sabrina became a sports agent, football columnist, and adviser for women's football in the Football Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Buljubašić was named acting director of Sarajevo in August 2016.

answer: Sabrina Buljubašić is a retired professional footballer. She has two degrees - one in international relations and one in sports law and management - which she studied while she simultaneously established the first women's football club in her home town. After retiring at the age of 26, she began focus on international sports law. The Bosnian government named her the interim director of Sarajevo, and on 20 Dec 2016 she was confirmed as the new club director indefinitely.

answer: Retired Bosnian women's football player Sabrina Buljubašić, was born and raised in the town of Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina. During her youth, the Bosnian War broke out forcing her family to migrate to the United States. After three years in the U.S., she relocated back to Bosnia to pursue a graduate degree in International Relations and English Literature at American University in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Securing her education, she joined her first team Sarajevo WB, and went on to play for the SFK 2000 in 2013. During her career she won multiple awards and caps. After retiring in 2013, she joined the football club administration as a sports agent.


text:
[Talk of causation when it comes to randomized controlled trials should be more precise, says Tania Lombrozo.]

[Talk of causation when it comes to randomized controlled trials should be more precise, says Tania Lombrozo.]

The gold standard for establishing a causal relationship — between, say, a drug and some health outcome — is a randomized controlled trial, or RCT.

RCTs are powerful for a few reasons.

First, RCTs involve an experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest. Rather than merely observing a correlation between, say, chocolate consumption and levels of happiness in a large and diverse population, an RCT involves an _intervention_ on people's consumption of chocolate: People in one group are assigned to eat chocolate; people in another group are assigned to abstain. This ensures that if a correlation between chocolate consumption and happiness is observed, it's due to a causal relationship such that chocolate affects happiness, and not some other causal structure (for instance, that being happy leads to greater chocolate consumption, or that both chocolate consumption and happiness are caused by frequent socializing).

Second, RCTs involve _randomization_. That's important because all sorts of factors could influence the effect of interest. Chocolate might (or might not) affect happiness, but so might one's social environment, immediate stressors, health, genetic predispositions, and more. Assigning people to one condition or the other at random ensures that these additional sources of variation in happiness aren't systematically related to chocolate consumption, and therefore a potential confounding factor.

So RCTs are a gold standard for good reason: They help us avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

What isn't often appreciated, though, is how the notion of causation established by an RCT departs from the way we often use causal language in informal conversations. Consider three ways that our everyday use of causal language conflicts with what we might call the "RCT" notion of causation:

1. Sometimes when we make causal claims, we're in the business of assigning moral responsibility. The actions of two drivers may have caused the collision in the sense that had either acted differently, the collision could have been avoided. But if one was driving carefully while the other ran a red light under the influence of alcohol, we're inclined to say the latter caused the accident. If we scale up this single event to something like an RCT, the conclusions can be counterintuitive. Imagine 200 situations in which a drunk driver runs a red light. Now we experimentally vary whether there's another driver crossing the intersection. The 100 cases with the second driver yield an accident; the 100 without do not. Do we conclude that the presence of the law-abiding driver is the cause of the collision? In one sense this is surely right; but in another it gets something deeply wrong.

2. Sometimes when we make causal claims, we care about the _mechanism_ by which the cause brings about the effect, not merely that it increases its probability. To illustrate, imagine the following hypothetical scenario: Two thousand people with a terminal illness are randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the treatment group, participants take a new drug for their illness that's feared to increase the risk of skin cancer as a side effect. In a control group, participants take a placebo. After the trial period, the study finds that the treatment group indeed has higher rates of skin cancer than the control group. It sounds like a causal relationship has been established: The new drug causes skin cancer. But now suppose we learn the following: The new drug in fact causes forgetfulness. Forgetfulness meant that those in the treatment group were more likely to forget to put on sunscreen. Failing to wear sunscreen is what led to the elevated levels of skin cancer. Again, there's some sense in which the drug _did_ cause an increase in skin cancer, but it also seems misleading to simply say that it causes skin cancer: What it does is prevent people from preventing skin cancer.

3. Sometimes when we make causal claims, we care about capturing a feature of the whole population we're making a claim about, not just a subset. Suppose 1,000 men and women in our treatment group take a drug designed to decrease depression; those in the control group take a placebo. We find that the former group experiences significantly fewer symptoms of depression. It appears that taking the drug causes depressive symptoms to decrease! But a finer-grained look reveals that the effect is driven entirely by women: For the men, taking the drug had no effect. Although the original RCT supports the claim that taking the drug has a causal effect on depressive symptoms, the statement doesn't apply equally to the whole population. The unqualified statement ("taking the drug causes depressive symptoms to decrease") seems to get something wrong.

These examples are just three among many. They illustrate some of the subtleties in the way we talk about causation — subtleties that have been recognize by psychologists and philosophers, but that aren't necessarily captured by the notion of causation established by an RCT. This isn't necessarily a surprise — lots of terms have multiple senses, some informal, some technical, and some a mix of both. But it does come with an important caution: We need to be careful in how we interpret the results of RCTs, and in what we infer from informal causal claims. And maybe, to help us get things right, we need a more precise way to talk about causation.

_Tania Lombrozo is a psychology professor at the University of California, Berkeley. She writes about psychology, cognitive science and philosophy, with occasional forays into parenting and veganism. You can keep up with more of what she is thinking on Twitter:_ @TaniaLombrozo

question: What is an RCT?

answer: A randomized controlled trial.

text: don't need capitalization and a period for a sentence fragment

answer: A randomized controlled trial is a type of experiment that is used to determine the cause of an outcome.

answer: An RCT is a type of experiment that is used to establish causation between two or more factors. It involves assigning people to different conditions randomly in order to control for other factors that could influence the outcome.

answer: An RCT is a randomized controlled trial.

question: What does Tania Lombrozo suggest regarding RCTs?

answer: Tania Lombrozo suggests that RCTs are a gold standard for establishing a causal relationship.

text: While she does say this, her primary purpose in the article is to advocate a more nuanced view on the topic.

refinement: Tania Lombrozo suggests that talk of causation when it comes to RCTs should be more precise.

answer: She suggests that talk of causation when it comes to RCTs should be more precise.

answer: Lombrozo suggests that people should be more precise when discussing causation in the context of RCTs. Specifically, she suggests that people should be aware of the differences between the "RCT" notion of causation and the way causal language is often used in everyday conversation.

answer: Talking of causation in RCTs, needs to be more precise.

text: misplaces comma

refinement: Talking of causation in RCTs needs to be more precise.

question: What does the article suggest are the reasons RCTs are powerful?

answer: The article suggests that RCTs are powerful because they help us avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

answer: According to the article, the main reasons that RCTs are powerful are that they involve experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest, and randomization. This helps to avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related. However, the article also warns that the conclusions drawn from RCTs may not always be accurate when compared to informal causal claims.

text: The question asks why they are powerful, not about their limitations.

refinement: According to the article, the main reasons that RCTs are powerful are that they involve experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest, and randomization. This helps to avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

text: Confusing use of the plural in the first sentence

refinement: According to the article, the main reasons RCTs are powerful is their isolation of the causal factor of interest. This helps to avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

answer: RCTs involve an experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest. Rather than merely observing a correlation, RCTs involve an intervention, which ensures if a correlation exists it's due to a specific relationship, not a some other causal structure. RCTs involve randomization.

text: last sentence redundant

refinement: RCTs involve an experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest. Rather than merely observing a correlation, RCTs involve an intervention, which ensures if a correlation exists it's due to a specific relationship, not a some other causal structure.

answer: They involve an experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest. They involve randomization.

text: last sentence not relevant

refinement: They involve an experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest.

question: Why are RCTs considered the "gold standard"?

answer: RCTs are considered the "gold standard" because they help establish causation in a way that is less prone to error than other methods. RCTs involve experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest, randomization, and careful attention to the mechanism by which the cause brings about the effect. This helps to avoid some of the pitfalls that can occur when trying to establish causation from observations.

text: On this issue of the mechanism, the article seems to explicitly critique RCTs lack of attention to the mechanism of causation.

refinement: RCTs are considered the "gold standard" because they help establish causation in a way that is less prone to error than other methods. RCTs involve experimental manipulation of the causal factor of interest. This helps to avoid some of the pitfalls that can occur when trying to establish causation from observations.

answer: RCTs help avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

answer: RCTs are considered the "gold standard" because they help us avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

answer: RCTs are considered the "gold standard" because they help us avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: An RCT is a randomized controlled trial. RCTs help avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related. This post describes the reasons RCTs are so powerful.

text: The post is not only about the power of RTCs, but about their limitations.

refinement: An RCT is a randomized controlled trial. RCTs help avoid some of the pitfalls in going from observations to conclusions about how factors are causally related. This post helps highlight one major limitation of RCTs: that the definition of causation at play within them is different from the ordinary definition of causation.

answer: The author discusses the gold standard for establishing a causal relationship, which is a randomized controlled trial. They explain that RCTs are powerful for a few reasons. They also explain that the notion of causation established by an RCT departs from the way we often use causal language in informal conversations.

answer: The author suggests that when it comes to causal claims made in the context of randomized controlled trials, it is important to be aware of the subtle differences between the "RCT" notion of causation and the way causal language is often used in everyday conversation. This can help avoid misinterpretations of the results of RCTs and lead to more accurate conclusions.

answer: Tania Lombrozo argues that the way we talk about causation in everyday life is different from the way we talk about causation in randomized controlled trials. She suggests that we need a more precise way to talk about causation.

text: It's not that we lack a way of talking about causation, but that we fail to do so.

refinement: Tania Lombrozo argues that the way we talk about causation in everyday life is different from the way we talk about causation in randomized controlled trials. She suggests that we need to be more precise when talking about causation.


text:
Cryptocurrency traders, in not only South Korea, but the entire world can now relax a bit with the current news of South Korea announcing that the country will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks The regulation shall be carried out by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KFIU) in collaboration with other local financial regulators.

The Director of KFIU, Kim Geun-ik led a meeting that discussed on the existing regulations in the country that provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country. His sentiments echoed  the policy guidelines issued by the same government entity back in February when it was cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs in the country. Mr. Geun-ik also proposed stricter policies to both commercial banks as well as independent financial service providers.

In the meeting, the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative. What would then proceed the meeting, is the drafting and proposing of a bill in the South Korean Congress that would give local financial authorities the mandate to monitor traditional bank account and cryptocurrency users within their jurisdictions and in a transparent manner within the law.

A Spokesperson of KFIC had this to say with respect to the current development in the country:

  Under current regulations, there are clear limitations in preventing money laundering on crypto exchanges because the only way authorities can spot suspicious transactions is through banks. If the bill of lawmaker Jae Yoon-kyung from the Democratic Party of Korea passes, local authorities will be able to impose identical regulations on crypto exchanges that are implemented on commercial banks.

The impact of this decision might be what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms of having cryptocurrencies recognized by their country’s officials as a legal form of investing as well as being mediums of facilitating payments of goods and services. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

By doing this, South Korea will set precedence for any other nation in the process of coming up with some type of regulation towards the Cryptocurrency and ICO sectors of this new industry. One country that is probably watching on how South Korea handles its regulation, is the United States. The country is yet to give any clear direction, through its SEC, on how to handle cryptocurrencies, ICOs and exchanges within its jurisdictions.

question: What is the announcement coming out of South Korea?

answer: South Korea has announced that it will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner as commercial banks, in order to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing.

text: In the meeting, the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

text: provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country.

answer: The country will now be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks.

text: In the meeting, the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

answer: The country will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks.

text: In the meeting, the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

answer: South Korea has announced that it will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks.

text: In the meeting, the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

question: What impact will this decision have?

answer: The impact of this decision might be what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms of having cryptocurrencies recognized by their country’s officials as a legal form of investing as well as being mediums of facilitating payments of goods and services. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

text: The part that states "what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms" is contextually confusing when used to answer this question (though it is perfectly okay in the context of the article). Just focus on the "impact", which are the effects of the decision.

refinement: The decision will help cryptocurrency gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

text: The impact of this decision might be what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms of having cryptocurrencies recognized by their country’s officials as a legal form of investing as well as being mediums of facilitating payments of goods and services. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

answer: Cryptocurrencies are now included in the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit's Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer initiative. Cryptocurrencies will be recognized by country officials as a legal form of investing and medium of payment, lending legitimacy to the cryptocurrency industry worldwide.

text: The impact of this decision might be what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms of having cryptocurrencies recognized by their country’s officials as a legal form of investing as well as being mediums of facilitating payments of goods and services. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

answer: This decision will legitimize cryptocurrencies in South Korea and the rest of the world, as well as provide a model for other countries to follow when creating regulations for the cryptocurrency and ICO sectors.

text: The impact of this decision might be what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms of having cryptocurrencies recognized by their country’s officials as a legal form of investing as well as being mediums of facilitating payments of goods and services. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

text: By doing this, South Korea will set precedence for any other nation in the process of coming up with some type of regulation towards the Cryptocurrency and ICO sectors of this new industry

answer: It will legitimize cryptocurrency exchanges in South Korea and the world.

text: The impact of this decision might be what South Korean traders have been waiting for in terms of having cryptocurrencies recognized by their country’s officials as a legal form of investing as well as being mediums of facilitating payments of goods and services. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

question: What motivated South Korea's decision about cryptocurrency?

answer: The country's government is cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs.

text: Additional context on why the government is cracking down on cryptocurrency is needed: "provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country"

refinement: The country's government is cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs as part of the measures for preventing money laundering and terrorist financing in the country.

text: His sentiments echoed  the policy guidelines issued by the same government entity back in February when it was cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs in the country.

answer: South Korea's decision to regulate cryptocurrency exchanges was motivated by the need to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing.

text: Kim Geun-ik led a meeting that discussed on the existing regulations in the country that provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country. His sentiments echoed  the policy guidelines issued by the same government entity back in February when it was cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs in the country.

answer: That information can't be found.

text:
The information:

Kim Geun-ik led a meeting that discussed on the existing regulations in the country that provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country. His sentiments echoed  the policy guidelines issued by the same government entity back in February when it was cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs in the country.

refinement: South Korea's decision to regulate cryptocurrency exchanges was motivated by the need to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing.

answer: South Korea's decision to regulate cryptocurrency exchanges is likely motivated by a desire to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing.

text: Kim Geun-ik led a meeting that discussed on the existing regulations in the country that provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country. His sentiments echoed  the policy guidelines issued by the same government entity back in February when it was cracking down on cryptocurrency exchanges and ICOs in the country.

question: When was this article written?

answer: That information can't be found.

text: That information can't be found.

answer: That information can't be found

text: That information can't be found.

answer: The article was written on April 25th, 2018.

text: There is no date given in the article

answer: The article was written on April 18th, 2018.

text: There is no date given in the article

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: South Korea has announced that it will now be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges. If the bill passes, authorities will be able to impose the same regulations on crypto exchanges that are implemented on commercial banks. The move will allow cryptocurrencies to be recognized as a legal form of investing and medium of payment and will lend legitimacy to the industry worldwide.

text: the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

text: By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

answer: South Korea is regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks. The regulation will be carried out by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KFIU) in collaboration with other local financial regulators. The Director of KFIU, Kim Geun-ik, led a meeting that discussed the existing regulations in the country that provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country.

text: include: "By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world"

refinement: South Korea is regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks. The regulation will be carried out by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KFIU) in collaboration with other local financial regulators. The Director of KFIU, Kim Geun-ik, led a meeting that discussed the existing regulations in the country that provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

text: the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

text: provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country.

answer: South Korea has announced that they will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks. The regulation will be carried out by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KFIU) in collaboration with other local financial regulators.

text:
Mention:

1. strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country
2. the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

refinement: South Korea has announced that they will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner they regulate commercial banks as a measure against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country. The regulation will be carried out by the Korea Financial Intelligence Unit (KFIU) in collaboration with other local financial regulators. By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.

text: the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

answer: South Korea has announced that it will be regulating cryptocurrency exchanges in the same manner as commercial banks, in order to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing. This is seen as a positive step for legitimizing the cryptocurrency industry, and could set a precedent for other countries to follow.

text: the KFIU decided to include cryptocurrencies in its Anti-Money Laundering and Know Your Customer (KYC) initiative.

text: provide strict measures against money laundering and terrorist financing in the country.

text: By encompassing Cryptocurrency exchanges in the country’s anti money laundering efforts as well as implementing KYC procedures, the industry will gain legitimacy in not only South Korea, but the entire world.