text:
ANN CARLSON (born October 21, 1954 ) is an American dancer, choreographer and performance artist whose work explores contemporary social issues. She has performed throughout the United States and internationally and has won a number of awards.

Beginnings in dance

Carlson was born in Park Ridge, Illinois.[1] She graduated magna cum laude with a BFA in modern dance from the University of Utah in 1976. In 1983 she became one of the first students of the University of Arizona to earn a graduate degree in dance.[2] Even though Carlson received extensive dance training as a child, she defined dance as “any conscious movement in time and space”.[3] Carlson came to this conclusion when she was 12 years old after attending a lecture and demonstration by Murray Louis at the Chicago Museum of Contemporary Art.[4] Because of her broad view of dance, Carlson often tackles important issues in her work and works within a number of disciplines to respond to ideas, concepts and themes.[5] As a result, Carlson takes her work far beyond the confines of traditional “dance” into a realm that could be called performance art.

Career

In the early part of her dance career, from the late 1970s to the early 1990s, Carlson performed with Territory Dance Theater in Tucson, Arizona, and later, when she moved to New York in 1984, performed with Susan Rethorst and Meredith Monk.[6] She was an original member of the PS 122 Field Trip Tours, a group of solo performance artists and choreographers that toured their works throughout the United States in the late 1980s. Ms. Carlson presented her first evening-length work, “Real People”, in 1986 at Performance Space 122. That piece became the catalyst for an ongoing group of works that Carlson referred to as the “Real People series”, works made with and performed by people gathered together around common professions, activities or shared relationships. This body of work, described as “delegated performance”, became the foundation for much of Carlson's later choreography. The work “Sloss, Kerr, Rosenberg & Moore” (or “the lawyer piece”) was performed by four (actual) New York attorneys. Carlson's second evening-length work, “Animals”, debuted at Dance Theater Workshop in 1988 and toured throughout the U.S. into the mid-1990s. Carlson choreographed the opera “Kabballah” to music composed by Stewart Wallace.[7] Allen Ginsberg and Philip Glass's chamber opera “Hydrogen Jukebox” was staged by Ann Carlson in June 1990.[8] A 2017 work by the artist entitled “Doggie Hamlet,” which included “five performers, three herding dogs, a dog handler, a dog trainer and a flock of sheep,” was performed in a meadow at dusk.[9]

As a choreographer, Carlson’s work has been performed throughout the United States; some notable places her choreography has been featured include Washington D.C., New York City, Chicago, Houston and Los Angeles.[10] Internationally her work has been performed in West Germany, Prague and Mexico City. From 1990 until 2010 Carlson collaborated with video maker Mary Ellen Strom on a number of performances and performance videos. These videos are held in collections in museums and private collections.

Awards

Carlson’s choreography has earned her a New York Dance and Performance Award in 1988, American Dance Festival Award in 1988, a prestigious three year choreographic award from the National Endowment for the Arts, 1989–1991, the CalArts Alpert Award in Dance in 1995,[11] and the Foundation for Contemporary Arts Grants to Artists Award in 1998, A New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship in 2000, a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2003, a fellowship from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Studies at Harvard University in 2004, a USA Artist Fellowship in 2008, an American Master's Award in 2010, and a Creative Capital Award in 2016.

Style of work

Some critics refer to Carlson’s work as dance-theater and some refer to it as talking dancing.[12] Her work often incorporates different movement components, speaking or acting components, and props or sometimes animals.[13] A piece entitled _The Dog Inside the Man Inside_ represents all these areas of Carlson’s work and is from a series of work called _Animals_. The setup of this piece includes a straight chair, a television set, a white picket fence, and, most notably, a real live dog.[14] Other animals are later featured, including a goldfish, a cat and a goat.[15] Carlson said she wanted “to make works that could respond to a living being, that I couldn’t choreograph in the way that I’d been taught to choreograph”.[16]

[1] Benbow-Pfalzgraf, Taryn. _International Dictionary of Modern Dance._ (Detroit, MI: St. James Press, 1998), p. 106–108.

[2] Harris, William. “DANCE; On a Tour of Tableaus, You Move, They Don't.” _The New York Times._ 14 May 2000. Section 2; Page 46. University of Texas Lib., Austin, TX. 24 March 2008. LexisNexis

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12] Tobias, Tobi. “Dance Review: Ann Carlson Is Her Own Kind of Down-to-earth.” _New York Magazine_. (28 Feb 2000). 24 March 2008 http://nymag.com/nymetro/arts/dance/reviews/2246/

[13] Keefe, Maura. _Talking Dancing: The Choreography of Space and Character in Contemporary U.S. Dance._ (Ann Arbor, MI.: ProQuest Information and Learning Company, 2002), 127

[14] Keefe, _Talking Dancing_, 122

[15]

[16]

title: Ann Carlson

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are the unique contents of Ann Carlson's dance philosophy?

answer: Carlson believes dance can be used to address social issues. She also uses dance to cross other disciplines, bring various influences into her dance routines. She brokes the confines of traditional dance by redefining it as "any conscious movement in time and space”.

text: Fix the grammar of the last sentence

refinement: Carlson believes dance can be used to address social issues. She also uses dance to cross other disciplines, bring various influences into her dance routines. She broke the confines of traditional dance by redefining it as "any conscious movement in time and space”.

answer: Ann Carlson's dance philosophy is characterized by her broad view of dance. Carlson often tackles important issues in her work and works within a number of disciplines to respond to ideas, concepts and themes. Her work often incorporates different movement components, speaking or acting components, and props or sometimes animals.

answer: She believes that dance is conscious moving in spaces and time, broadening the subject of dance. She believes all movements within a physical space apply to dance and then, was able to work on social issues and different fields.

text: I'd alter the last sentence to better reflect the input

refinement: She believes that dance is conscious moving in spaces and time, broadening the subject of dance. She believes all movements within a physical space apply to dance and because of this, she often tackles important issues in her work and works within a number of disciplines to respond to ideas, concepts, and themes.

answer: She sees dance as extending far beyond traditional movements. The components included in her dance philosophy are integrative physical movements, either speaking or acting, and often props or animals. She does not see herself as restricted by a conscious limit of what can and cannot be put into a dance performance.

answer: Ann Carlson views dance as any conscious movement in time and space, extending beyond traditional dance into more of a realm of performance art. Her choreography typically incorporates speaking or acting components and different movement components.


split: train

text:
“Whitefish, the Master”
The howling wind blew across the shutters like a cliche ruins a good beginning to a story. Not the beginning to a good story, for the story has yet to be determined whether or not it is good. Despite the obvious literary devices, we meet our hero, Whitefish. Whitefish, the ghost, the whisper, the living legend, the myth, Whitefish the mystery. Whitefish strode down the creaking hall of the abandoned mansion now called home. The mansion stood on a bluff, a mere sixty-eight feet from the ocean’s icy gaze. Abandoned, the mansion was a halfway home to those traveling through the area, but only its foyer, for the innermost recesses, where Whitefish resided, were “haunted”. These were simply superstitions, created by Whitefish to elude any unwanted visitors. Shouts and echoes, would drift down the halls, created by endless rants and ravings on new thoughts of rhetoric.

Whitefish was a self proclaimed writer, comparable to the great Greek orators such as Antiphon and Lysais, though the potential had gone unrecognized. To Whitefish’s dismay, the existence of such an individual in this provincial society was backward and deemed unnecessary. Whitefish rejected this society because the purpose of the writing was not for recognition or petty earnings, rather the thrill and excitement of the adventure stored within the next story, waiting to be unlocked by Whitefish’s genius. Whitefish digressed, because Whitefish’s existence had nothing to do with society, rather the life of a humble hermit. Each night, Whitefish paced along the rocky shoreline, illuminated by the full Moon’s iridescent glow, contemplating the universe and its enormity, fathoming the depths to which writing could take oneself. Each night, the manuscripts became longer, the memoir lengthening, the account of Whitefish developing into the esoteric mystery as scribbled by the one and only, Whitefish.

Whitefish’s story was being lived out as it was written, but Whitefish felt it was lackluster. While the solitary existence was Whitefish’s passion, the written word beckoned Whitefish out, into the world to experience more than a dusty mansion. Whitefish read from the mansion’s extensive library which contained thousands of books, where Whitefish would sit, gathering inspiration, watching the ominous waves creep up the shoreline. Whitefish sat for hours at a great Oak table contemplating how the story would pan out, how the characters would meet and get to know each other. How the setting could later create conflict. Small details that would foreshadow the downfall of a character, or the solution to the conflict. The complexity of Whitefish’s mind was somewhat of an enigma. Not to say bipolar, but the raging emotions had cultivated from a life of abandonment and rejection, which left a negative impression on Whitefish. The emotions were not all bad. Whitefish was indeed insane. Left to its own devices, Whitefish had grown paranoid, crazed from the lack of human interaction. At any point in time, Whitefish work on several pieces of literature, ranging from full blown novels, to snippets of interior monologue, though all the while, Whitefish worked on the memoir that would be finished only by the swift hands of Satan himself. This ending would come sooner than Whitefish could have thought.

On a cool autumn evening, the sun had already set and Whitefish sat at the great Oak table when Satan smiled. Whitefish looked to a mural painted on the ceiling of the library and head cocked to one side, Whitefish had an epiphany. The ending to the memoir. The finality that would make the story a legend. A message to future generations of the struggles of the past, of the sacrifices of the future. An ending that would come true. Whitefish had been writing the memoir piece by piece after various significant events, but now, Whitefish felt guilty. The ending would be written before its prophetic demands could be met. But Whitefish was true to its word. Palms sweating, Whitefish jotted down the last paragraphs of the memoir. Once finished, Whitefish set the pages of the story in the middle of the table and stood up. Whitefish walked to the window and leaned a hand upon a pane, gazing out to the vast emptiness of the ocean. Whitefish took the back door out to the patio and stood at the edge of the bluff.

Each step down the bluff depressed the sand, pushing it out as if repelled by the awe of a courageous hero. The tall grasses billowed in the cool autumn breeze, rustling with the soft waves that caressed the smooth rocks, one by one. At the bottom of the bluff, Whitefish stopped. Unprotected, the breeze nipped at Whitefish’s ankles, but to no avail. No shiver or goosebump was aroused by the breeze’s beckon. The rocks, about the size of a fist, were slippery. They were unpleasant to tread upon. Whitefish showed no pain, but the weight of the world burst out its eyes. They showed the thrill of entering the next story, of finishing the old, but the impending doom scrapped the Earth behind Whitefish, pulling back away from the icy depths of the ocean ahead. Whitefish stopped again, this time at the water’s edge. Each push of the ocean moistened the bare feet of Whitefish. Another step forward cast Whitefish several inches below the surface. The next step sent several more inches. Paralyzing shivers spiked up through Whitefish’s body.Whitefish was now waist deep in the dark water. During the following steps, panic arose from deep within the animal instincts that begged Whitefish to return to the shore, to pursue life, not just a good story. Eyes twitching, Whitefish ignored the pleas and tread further into the water, until Whitefish could no longer touch the rocky ocean floor. The air slowly escaped Whitefish’s lungs until the nearly lifeless body was submerged.

title: Whitefish, the Master

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about Whitefish's motivation to enter the ocean?

answer: The story suggests that Whitefish enters the ocean driven by a desire to enter a new story and finish a memoir. Although Whitefish is afraid, it is determined to meet the finality of the story, both for the sake of the story itself and for future generations who will be inspired by it.

answer: Whitefish is a self-proclaimed writer that works on the memoir. He is writing the last passages of the memoir and decides to make the ending true. He enters the ocean ignoring the instincts that beg him to return to the shore, to pursue life, instead of a good story.

answer: Whitefish sat on a deck near the shoreline and observed the ocean. His night wanders and the days spent in solitude caused a degree of insanity. He's decided the end he's been writing in his memoir will happen to him. First he envisages it, then he sets out to make it happen. It's the finality he's been waiting for in his own life.

answer: Whitefish prepares to enter the ocean despite the warnings of the sea that the ocean sends. The waves peck at Whitefish as Whitefish enters the ocean and heads to the bottom. Water floods into Whitefish's lungs and seeps into Whitefish's body.

text: This response does not describe at all what Whitefish's intentions were and what he wanted to do with his writing. This whole response needs to be re-written.

refinement: The story suggests that Whitefish enters the ocean driven by a desire to enter a new story and finish a memoir. Although Whitefish is afraid, it is determined to meet the finality of the story, both for the sake of the story itself and for future generations who will be inspired by it.

answer: Whitefish appears to enter the ocean for the purpose of finishing the story that it is writing. The story ends with Whitefish entering the water and ultimately sacrificing themselves. This suggests that Whitefish is motivated by the thrill of the adventure of storytelling.


text:
BOB KENNARD is an author and agriculturalist from Mid-Wales. He has over 20 years experience in farming, organic food and notably mutton. He was named a Food Hero by The Times in 2005.[1] He received the 'Best Campaigner Award' from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme in 2009.[2] In 2014, his first book “Much Ado about Mutton” was published by Merlin Unwin press.[3]

[1]

[2] Food and Farming Awards

[3] Merlin Unwin Press

title: Bob Kennard

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What genre of book does Bob Kennard write?

answer: The book he wrote in 2014 was on farming and organic food.

answer: Bob Kennard has written a book about mutton. Therefore, his book is a work of non-fiction.

answer: That information can't be found, but presumably nonfiction.

text: That information can be found

refinement: Books about food, presumably nonfiction.

answer: Bob Kennard writes a non-fiction book about mutton.

answer: He writes on food.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where was Bob Kennard born?

answer: Bob Kennard was born in Mid-Wales.

answer: This information can't be found.

text: Bob Kennard was born in Mid-Wales.

answer: Presumably in Mid-Wales, although that is not explicitly stated.

answer: That information can't be found.

text: Bob Kennard was born in Mid-Wales.

answer: Bob Kennard was born in Mid-Wales.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

List the awards received by Bob Kennard.

answer: He was named a Food Hero by The Times in 2005 and received the "Best Campaigner Award" from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme in 2009.

answer:
The Food Program's 'Best Campaigner Award'
Bob Kennard was named a Food Hero by The Times in 2005.

answer: The awards received by Bob Kennard are the "Food Hero" award by The Times in 2005, the "Best Campaigner Award" from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme in 2009, and the publication of his first book, "Much Ado About Mutton," in 2014.

answer: "Best Campaigner Award" from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme in 2009; and, Food Hero by The Times in 2005.

answer: The awards received by Bob Kennard are the Food Hero Award from The Times in 2005, and the Best Campaigner Award from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme in 2009.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Name one of Bob Kennard's books.

answer: Much Ado about Mutton

answer: Much Ado About Mutton.

answer: "Much Ado about Mutton"

answer: Much Ado About Mutton.

answer: "Much Ado about Mutton"

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Bob Kennard is an agriculturalist with experience in farming, organic food, and mutton. In 2014, he published his first book, "Much Ado About Mutton". His book discusses the history of mutton and its importance to the Welsh community.

answer: Bob Kennard is an agriculturalist with over 20 years experience in farming and organic food. In 2005, he was named a Food Hero by The Times; in 2009, he received the "Best Campaigner Award" from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme. His most recent contribution is his book "Much Ado about Mutton," published in 2014.

answer: Bob Kennard is an agriculturalist and author based out of Mid Wales who's been in the business for 20 years. In 2005, his campaign for organic food was recognized by The Times, and in 2009, he received the Best Campaigner Award from BBC Radio 4's The Food Programme. He currently runs a farm called Kennard Organic & Natural Heritage farm, which sells organic Fresh Meats and local Welsh food.

answer: Bob Kennard is an author and agriculturalist from Mid Wales. He has participated in the organic food and mutton movements. His first book, "Much Ado about Mutton," was released in 2014.

answer: Bob Kennard is an author and agriculturalist from Mid-Wales. He specializes in mutton, and published a book on the subject in 2014. He has received the Food Hero award from the Times and The Best Campaigner Award from BBc Radio 4's The Food Programme.


text:
_By Annie Aggarwal_

_Photography: Courtesy World Wide Web_

_READ TIME: 1 MIN 30 SECS_

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| ["living room hyderabad residence moriq architects indiaartndesign"]  |
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| _©Moriq Architects_                                                   |
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Have your needs outdone your space? Or are you just plain bored with the way your spaces look and feel? Basically, do you feel the strong urge to redecorate but don’t know how? Check out what we have in store for you…

‘Uplift the humdrum areas of your home into enriching everyday spaces’ is no longer easier said than done. Whilst choices are aplenty, especially with internet baffling you with supposedly ‘new’ designs, a little pragmatic assistance can go a long way in picking furniture, floors and walls to create spaces that reflect individual aesthetic sensibilities.

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| ["living room paris apt diff studio indiaartndesign"]                 |
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| _©Diff Studio_                                                        |
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| ["Felix Leicher beach house natural light indiaartndesign"]           |
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| _©Felix Leicher_                                                      |
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We are surrounded by countless choices - some chic, some rustic, some pop and yet others subtle and elegant! Here’s how we can narrow them down:

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  ["office design the orange lane indiaartndesign"]
  _©The Orange Lane_
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| ["redecorate dipen gada indiaartndesign"]                             |
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| _©Dipen Gada & Associates_                                            |
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COLOUR: Throw a splash of colour using accent pieces, pillows, or paint on a wall, amidst subtle investment furniture. And you have a room fresh as new. __

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| ["atrium hpa indiaartndesign"]                                        |
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| _©HPA_                                                                |
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  ["redecorate texture play shabnam gupta indiaartndesign"]
  _©The Orange Lane_
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TEXTURE adds to the feel of a space. An exterior surface finish can give an organic feel to your interiors, while adding sleek, smooth-finish metallic furniture can lend that touch of sophistication. Mixing a variety of materials – glass and acrylic with exotic woods, can give the space a dimension of eclectic.

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  _©The Orange Lane_
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| []                                                                    |
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| _©The Orange Lane_                                                    |
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You can always count on FABRICS to add the warmth and comfort you crave in your rooms.  A plush oversized chair or a restful couch can account for a functional makeover of a space. Play with rich drapes and luxurious upholstery to create a more formal setting.

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  ["living dining ansa interiors indiaartndesign"]
  _©Ansa Interiors_
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| ["art in interiors goregaokar indiaartndesign"]                       |
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| _© Goregaokar Architects_                                             |
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LIGHTING can effectively highlight or understate. With the variety of lighting options available, the fixtures themselves may act as central focal pieces or they may be subtle, drawing attention to a particularly interesting corner.

The smallest details have the potential to add significant character. A traveller’s home can be an ode to his adventures, a collector’s passion may reflect on his walls, adorned with rare pieces, and a nature enthusiast’s living space can sport a fresh green tinge and flowers changing with the seasons.

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| ["art in interiors hpa indiaartndesign"]                              |
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| _©HPA_                                                                |
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| ["art in interiors seza indiaartndesign"]                             |
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| _©SEZA Architects_                                                    |
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A piece of ART here, a bit of ACCESSORY there, can add intrigue and interest to an otherwise mundane space.

All these elements in harmony with each other can create inspired areas. Possibilities are endless. The best path to choose is the one that leads you to a space you would be delighted to call your own.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize how you can narrow down a style.

answer: At first, there are limitless choices. In simplifying your choices, trim down your options to organic and geometric styles, and then something in for colour.

text: The article presents many methods. The answer misrepresents them.

refinement: At first, there are limitless choices. In simplifying your choices, trim down your options in various categories. Color can freshen a space while textures add to the feel. Fabrics can add warmth and comfort. Lighting can accentuate or underplay details, such as collectibles, rare pieces, flowers, or art pieces, etc.

answer: According to the narrator, you can add colour via accent pieces, pillows or paint on a wall. A twist on the look can be added by blending textures, while fabric at home can add the warmth and comfort you crave. A traveller's home can be an ode to his adventures, while a collector's passion can be revealed on his walls. There is plenty one can choose from to set a space to suit their personality.

text: The answer omits lighting as an option.

refinement: According to the narrator, you can add colour via accent pieces, pillows or paint on a wall. A twist on the look can be added by blending textures, while fabric at home can add the warmth and comfort you crave. A traveller's home can be an ode to his adventures, while a collector's passion can be revealed on his walls. Lighting can accentuate any details as desired or obscure them. There is plenty one can choose from to set a space to suit their personality.

text: There are several grammatical issues. "Color" and "traveler" are misspelled. The Oxford comma is missing in "pieces, pillows, or paint". A plural verb needs to be used in the last sentence.

refinement: According to the narrator, you can add color via accent pieces, pillows, or paint on a wall. A twist on the look can be added by blending textures, while fabric at home can add the warmth and comfort you crave. A traveler's home can be an ode to his adventures, while a collector's passion can be revealed on his walls. Lighting can accentuate any details as desired or obscure them. There are plenty one can choose from to set a space to suit their personality.

answer: You should aim to feel like you can do something great in the room. You can start with the amount of light, accent pieces, coloring, textures, styles, and fabrics. There is no wrong or right way when it comes to the style of the home. You can choose from a variety of great options. Pick what will bring you the most joy in your home.

text: The first sentence is irrelevant and confusing.

refinement: You can start with the amount of light, accent pieces, coloring, textures, styles, and fabrics. There is no wrong or right way when it comes to the style of the home. You can choose from a variety of great options. Pick what will bring you the most joy in your home.

text: The answer mentions only the general categories but not what can be done with them.

refinement: You can start with the amount of light, accent pieces, coloring, textures, styles, and fabrics. These can be utilized to accentuate or conceal details like art pieces, collectibles, etc. Textures or fabrics can add to the feel or warmth of the place. There is no wrong or right way when it comes to the style of the home. You can choose from a variety of great options. Pick what will bring you the most joy in your home.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to furniture.

answer:
Practical assistance in picking furniture, floors, and walls is recommended. Colours and textures add to the richness of a space. Throw a splash of color using accent pieces, pillows, or painted walls, alongside investment furniture. Materials like glass and acrylic with exotic woods, combined with textures like glass, fabric, metal, and other natural elements like wood can be mixed to give a space a particular dimension.
Fixtures themselves can either be central focal pieces or subtle, drawing attention to a particularly interesting corner.
Bright light can enhance or de-emphasize elements of a space. A traveller's home could be an ode to their adventures and a collector's passion could reflect on the walls. Environmental green-tinting and flowers could be used to reflect a nature person's likings. A bit of art here, a piece of accessory there, can also add a unique character. Pick and choose what fits you best and reflects your taste.
A template for a house can be found in any area with some effort and ingenuity.

text: The lighting and decorations aren't relevant to the question.

refinement:
Practical assistance in picking furniture, floors, and walls is recommended. Colours and textures add to the richness of a space. Throw a splash of color using accent pieces, pillows, or painted walls, alongside investment furniture. Materials like glass and acrylic with exotic woods, combined with textures like glass, fabric, metal, and other natural elements like wood can be mixed to give a space a particular dimension.
Fixtures themselves can either be central focal pieces or subtle, drawing attention to a particularly interesting corner.

answer: The text implies that furniture is the final stage after you make all of your other decisions. It references the importance of accent pieces like pillows, decorative items and furniture in a nice location in your room. "Acutely practical" describes how you should match up the furniture. Other materials are mentioned like polished metallic furniture, glass and acrylic and exotic woods.

text: The answer is wrong in the way it represents the article in practically every way. The claimed implications that furniture is the final stage and "acutely practical" is the advised method are both made up.

refinement: The text mentions that accent pieces, various textures, lighting, and color can supplement investment furniture. Additionally, the outer details of the furniture can also be used decoratively, like a big plush chair adding warmth to a corner. Other materials are mentioned like polished metallic furniture, glass and acrylic and exotic woods.

text: The answer should mention how the materials relate to furniture.

refinement: The text mentions that accent pieces, various textures, lighting, and color can supplement investment furniture. Additionally, the outer details of the furniture can also be used decoratively, like a big plush chair adding warmth to a corner. Other materials are mentioned like polished metallic furniture, glass, acrylic, and exotic woods, which can add a touch of eclecticism.

answer: The text implies that furniture is the final stage after you make all of your other decisions. It references the importance of accent pieces like pillows, decorative items, and furniture in a nice location in your room. "Acutely practical" describes how you should match up the furniture. Other materials are mentioned like polished metallic furniture, glass and acrylic, and exotic woods.

answer: The article details several design styles for furniture, noting that the color, fabric and how furniture appears are three key elements to consider when furnishing a space. Throw a splash of color through accent pieces and pillows, while adding exotic woods, exotic metals, and glass and acrylic with finishes ranging from sleek, smooth finishes to more organic textures like fabric.

text: The three elements that determine a furniture's look are color, texture, or material.

refinement: The article details several design styles for furniture, noting that the color, texture, and material are three key elements to consider when furnishing a space. Throw a splash of color through accent pieces and pillows, while adding exotic woods, exotic metals, and glass and acrylic with finishes ranging from sleek, smooth finishes to more organic textures like fabric.

answer: The article details several design styles for furniture, noting that the color, fabric and the materials furniture is made of are three key elements to consider when furnishing a space. Throw a splash of color through accent pieces and pillows, while adding exotic woods, exotic metals, and glass and acrylic with finishes ranging from sleek, smooth finishes to more organic textures like fabric.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize everything relating to color.

answer: Choose a color that contrasts with the accent walls, if you are trying to make an impact. Choose a color for your accessories such as pillows, that compliments the main color scheme of your room. Bring in a splash of color using accent pieces or painting accessories. You can also invest in metallic furniture to give a room a sophisticated feel.

text: The first two sentences are made up.

refinement: Bring in a splash of color using accent pieces or painting accessories. You can also invest in metallic furniture to give a room a sophisticated feel.

text: The context for color usage is missing, which makes the answer confusing.

refinement: While redecorating, bring in a splash of color using accent pieces or painting accessories. You can also invest in metallic furniture to give a room a sophisticated feel.

text: The texture and material of the furniture aren't related to the question.

refinement: While redecorating, bring in a splash of color using accent pieces or painting accessories.

text: The answer should mention how color should be used according to the article.

refinement: While redecorating, bring in a splash of color using accent pieces or painting accessories. Pillows or paint on a wall amidst furniture can also freshen up a room.

answer:
Below is a list of things that should be avoided color-wise:
- Black on blue spaces if your furniture or accent color
- Colors in the pastel and floral categories if the main color of the room is blue, - Red rooms don't go well with prints, rugs, and black
- Fluorescent-bright shade in rooms with natural light
- Change your flooring fuchsia to white/gold.
- Choose a sunny yellow shade vs. coral if the main color of the room is blue

text: The answer is fabricated entirely from scratch.

text: The answer is empty.

refinement: The article talks about redecorating a living space. It advises to use splashes of color using accent pieces, pillows, or paint on a wall to freshen up a room.

answer: Color can set a particular mood. Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows.

text: The article says nothing about color and mood.

refinement: Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows.

text: Lack of context makes the answer confusing.

refinement: Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows while redecorating to liven up a room.

answer: Lighting can bring attention to a particularly interesting corner. A traveler's home can be an ode to his adventures, a collector's passion may reflect on his walls, adorned with rare pieces, and a nature enthusiast's living space can sport a fresh green tinge. Color can set a particular mood. You can throw a splash color. Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows.

text: Lighting and decorative pieces are irrelevant to the question.

refinement: Color can set a particular mood. You can throw a splash color. Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows.

text: The article says nothing about color and mood.

refinement: You can throw a splash color. Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows.

text: The same idea about splashing color is repeated twice.

refinement: Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows.

text: Lack of context makes the answer confusing.

refinement: Throw a splash of color using accent pieces or pillows while redecorating to liven up a room.

answer:
Below is a list of things that should be avoided colorwise:
- Black on blue spaces if your furniture or accent color

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about rugs?

answer: No answer

answer: Nothing in the article explicitly mentions the use of a rug, but it may be implied to be a backdrop tool used to add effect to a room and can play with light and color.

text: The article doesn't mention anything about rugs. The answer doesn't need to speculate about what it could've been in this instance.

answer: Rugs can help with texture, but in an abstract way.

text: The article doesn't mention rugs at all. The answer is made up entirely.

answer: No answer


text:
This was my first short story I had to write for my Creative Writing class back when I was a Junior in high school. I hope you like it!

    "Ooohhhh," Helen groaned. She hurt everywhere. Being in a hospital for six weeks is really something that she wasn't looking forward to. She was about to call for a nurse to change the channel on her tiny tv (golf was not her thing!) when all of a sudden there was a knock on the door. "Come in," she called weakly.

   "Hello, I'm Dr. Bandade, how are you feeling?" He smiled a toothy smile.

   She gave the burly man a sarcastic look. "How do you *think* I'm feeling? I fell out of a five-story window!"

    The doctor pulled up a chair next to her. "Yes about that, how exactly did it happen? On this statement is says that you were pushed?"

    Helen cringed at the very thought of it, not only because it was painful, but she wasn't sure if he would believe her. "Well, it started out as a normal day. I woke up, ate breakfast, completed the daily crossword puzzle in the paper.

    "It was then I noticed that my window was open. A cool breeze swept through, so I decided to close it. I got up and went over to the window.

    "Right as I reached out to grab the handle, Rufus, my cat, rubbed against my leg, causing me to lose my balance. Before I knew it, I was falling out the window!

    "I screamed. I heard people screaming below me. I felt breathless. Panic swept over me.

    "It was only too soon when I came into contact with the ground. I heard bones shattering and I cried out in pain. In the distance, sirens wailed. The ambulance charged down the street.

    "After they put me on the stretcher, they hauled me away to the hospital, where they told me I was lucky to even be alive. They said I broke every bone in my body. I'll be here about six weeks, if not more." Her face fell when she told the doctor this. "And that's all that happened."

    Dr. Bandade looked over at her. "So you fell out accidentally then."

    "No! I was *pushed* out!" she yelled.

    "But you even said that you lost your balance, and no one was with you."

    "Yes there was... Rufus! *He* pushed me out!"

    The doctor rationalized, "But he's a *cat.* He probably didn't realize that rubbing against you to show affection would-"

    But Helen cut him off. "He *deliberately* rubbed too hard and made me lost my balance."

    "What would be the purpose for Rufus to push you?" The doctor raised an eyebrow.

    "He's just evil," she simply said.

    "Oh." He wrote some things down on his clipboard.

    Helen stared at him suspiciously. "What kind of doctor are you anyway, asking me all these questions?"

    "I'm a psychiatrist." He wrote some more things down.

    "What? You think I'm crazy don't you?! I'm telling you, my cat is trying to *kill me!"*

    Before Dr. Bandade could say anything, there was a knock at the door.

    "Excuse me, doctor," the nurse said, "but there's someone here to see her."

    Helen perked up a bit. A visitor to see her!

    The visitor walked into the room.

    "Rufus!" Helen shrieked.

    Standing there was the tabby cat. He was staring at her with glossy green eyes, slanted into slits. His tail twitched as if to say, "I'm *back."*

title: Paranoid?... Or just plain evil?

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Explain how the ending lends credibility to Helen's claims.

answer: There is a conflict in the story when the doctor does not believe she was pushed, leading to Helen's cat to be summoned to corroborate her story.

text: The answer is insufficient and lacks the necessary details to explain the question.

refinement: At the end of the passage, Helen's antagonist walks into the room. The cat, Rufus, was the apparent cause of the accident, and it seems likely that he is out to get her. This lends credibility to Helen's story and also explains why Dr. Bandade expressed skepticism. After all, how many people would believe that a cat attempted to kill someone? Having Rufus walk into the room at the end reinforces Helen's claims and further disproves Dr. Bandade's skepticism.

answer: At the end of the passage, Helen's antagonist walks into the room. The cat, Rufus, was the clear cause of the accident and it seems likely that he is out to get her. This lends credibility to Helen's story and also explains why Dr. Bandade expressed skepticism. After all, how many people would believe that a cat attempted to kill someone? By having Rufus walk into the room at the end, it reinforces Helen's claims and further disproves Dr. Bandade's skepticism.

answer: Helen has claimed that a cat is responsible for her tumbling out a window. Rufus allegedly brushed up against her while she had been standing next to the window, and the force and the element of surprise were such that she fell. Obviously to most reasonable people this sounds like it was just an accident. However, at the end, the cat comes to see her-which is an extraordinary feat for any cat to have managed. Therefore, if Rufus is capable of planning and executing a hospital visit on his own accord, he might have actually been capable of plotting and executing the murder of Helen.

text: The answer fails to indicate that the cat is Helen's. Instead of referring to it as 'a cat', the answer should specify it was her cat.

refinement: Helen has claimed that her cat, Rufus, is responsible for her tumbling out a window. Rufus allegedly brushed up against Helen while she was standing next to the window, and the force and the element of surprise were such that she fell. Obviously, to most reasonable people, this sounds like it was just an accident. However, in the end, the cat comes to see her-which is an extraordinary feat for any cat to have managed. Therefore, if Rufus is capable of planning and executing a hospital visit on his own accord, he might have been capable of plotting and executing Helen's murder.

answer: The most telling part of the story is the ending, when Helen recognizes that Rufus the cat is the one who pushed her out the window. This lends credence to her claims, as now her story is backed up with at least one eyewitness. Additionally, the cat's behavior - his glowing green eyes and twitchy tail - further confirms that something fishy happened. This allows us, the readers, to believe that something more than an accident happened. So, the ending lends credibility to Helen's claims that her cat tried to kill her.

text:
-Firstly, Helen's cat didn't push her out of the window. She fell out accidentally when its tail brushed up against her leg. This sentence should be rephrased or eliminated.
-Secondly, the second line of the sentence does not tell what lends credence to Helen's claims that her cat pushed her. This should be rewritten for clarity.
-The second to the last line of the answer is somewhat redundant since a similar statement is previously mentioned and should be removed.

refinement: The most telling part of the story is the ending when Helen's cat comes to visit her in the hospital mysteriously. This lends credence to her claims because her story is backed up with at least one eyewitness in the hospital. Additionally, the cat's behavior - his glowing green eyes and twitchy tail - further confirms that something fishy happened. So, the ending lends credibility to Helen's claims that her cat tried to kill her.

answer: Because Dr. Bandade has to allow a visit from Rufus the cat.

text: The answer lacks any detail to answer the question and is equally inaccurate. The response should incorporate relevant information to answer the question.

refinement: Helen has claimed that her cat, Rufus, is responsible for her tumbling out a window. Rufus allegedly brushed up against her while she was standing next to the window, and the force and the element of surprise were such that she fell. Obviously, to most reasonable people, this sounds like it was just an accident. However, in the end, the cat comes to see her-which is an extraordinary feat for any cat to have managed. Therefore, if Rufus is capable of planning and executing a hospital visit on his own accord, he might have been capable of plotting Helen's murder.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What do you think the author's intention is in emphasizing the drastic and painful nature of the main character's injuries?

answer: The author seems to emphasize the main character's injuries in order to strengthen their suspicion that the cat purposely pushed them out the window. The severity of the injuries is meant to put doubt in the reader's mind. It also helps to instill fear in the reader, since the attacker is a seemingly harmless and familiar creature—the cat.

text:
-Who is the model referring to when it says 'their' and 'them' in the first line of the answer? The model should be more specific in reference.
-The second line of the answer does not resonate with the first line logically. It should be rewritten.

refinement: The author seems to emphasize the main character's injuries in order to strengthen the reader's suspicion that the cat purposely caused Helen to fall out of the window. Plus, the severity of the injuries indicates an accident. It also helps to instill fear in the reader, since the attacker is a seemingly harmless and familiar creature—the cat.

answer: The author seems to emphasize the injuries in order to create suspicion of Rufus. This way, the psychiatrist can consider the possibility that Rufus deliberately caused the character's fall, though it is highly unlikely. The author does this to cast doubt on whether or not Rufus is actually responsible for the incident and not to hurt the main character's credibility.

answer: The many broken bones Helen sustained in her fall make her a believable character, and make the reader question her unbelievable claim that her family cat, Rufus, is to blame. The fact that she says she broke all the bones in her body questions whether we must believe she can be so severely injured by a cat that she conveniently names "Rufus."

text:
The cat's name has nothing to do with the author's intention. The last line of the answer should be rewritten.
Also, the story does not state that she said she broke all the bones in her body. The story shows the doctors told her her predicament. The answer should rephrase that statement.

refinement: The many broken bones Helen sustained in her fall make her believable but make the reader question her unbelievable claim that her family cat, Rufus, is to blame.

text: The model omits to mention what makes Helen even more insistent on her claims. The answer should mention this.

refinement: The many broken bones Helen sustained in her fall make her believable but make readers question her unbelievable claim that her family cat, Rufus, is to blame. Plus, the severity of the injuries indicates an accident. The author likely intended to instill fear in readers since the attacker is a seemingly harmless and familiar creature—the cat. Adding to that, the cat mysteriously visited Helen at the hospital, further proving her claim that it tried to kill her.

answer: She might want to reflect the seriousness of her character's mental state.

text: The entire answer lacks sufficient detail to answer the question.

refinement: The author seems to emphasize the injuries to create suspicion of Rufus. This way, the psychiatrist can consider the possibility that Rufus deliberately caused the character's fall, though it is improbable. The author does this to cast doubt on whether or not Rufus is responsible for the incident and not to hurt the main character's credibility.

answer: The author is speaking to the doctor, a character which usually has the identifying traits of being extremely logical and science-oriented. It is possible that she wants to make sure that the validity of her injuries is not called into question. It's possible that she's hoping the seriousness of her injuries will extend to the seriousness of her claims; that is to say, the entire incident should be taken seriously.

text: The response does not directly answer the question and should be rewritten.

refinement: The author seems to emphasize the injuries to create suspicion of Rufus. This way, the psychiatrist can consider the possibility that Rufus deliberately caused the character's fall, though it is implausible. The author does this to cast doubt on whether or not Rufus is responsible for the incident and not to hurt the main character's credibility.


text:
Justice (C) 2012-2013 Victor D. Lopez
_______________________________

Time: The all too near future
Place: A courtroom
Setting: Final sentencing for the last remaining capital offense on the books of an apparently kinder, gentler more just world where equality is no longer a mere aspiration.
_____________________________

Justice

The prisoner stared impassively into the camera. The bright lights causing beads of sweat to form above his eyes and forcing him to squint, his perspiration-soaked thinning hair flattened unflatteringly against his forehead. No sound could be heard other than the faint hum of the air conditioning whose airflow was directed from the high ceiling above the high seats of the three judge panel, towards the three judged, keeping their immediate area comfortably cool. The camera trained on them remained a respectful distance away, and no harsh lights illuminated their somber countenances.

All three judges stared at the camera showing no emotion, their hands folded in front of them on the surface of their capacious bench on top of three equal, neat stacks of paper piled before each judge. Everywhere on earth citizens watched the unfolding drama over the neural net that provided a fully immersive experience indistinguishable from reality, effectively placing every citizen of earth in the courtroom as the Chief Judge began to speak in a deep, resonant, clear voice.

“The evidence against you has been examined. This tribunal finds you guilty of the charges against you by a unanimous vote. Have you anything you would like to add before we pass sentence?”

The camera changed back to the prisoner. The lights brightens around him and the heat rises perceptibly, adding fresh fuel to the trickle of sweat flowing down his flushed face, causing a bead of sweat to form at the end of his nose that he cannot swat away because his wrists are restrained by metal bands at the armrests of his chair, outside the viewing range of the camera which has a tight zoom on his face. “I am guilty of no crime,” the prisoner spoke in a low voice full of palpable weariness and resignation.

“You are guilty of the most heinous of crimes,” the Chief Judge contradicted. "That is not open to debate. This is your final chance to make what amends you may to those whom you have harmed through your selfish, deviant act. It will have no effect on the sentencing by this Court.”

“But I have done nothing wrong,” the man emphatically repeated, the perspiration rolling down his neck deepening the growing ring of sweat absorbed by his bright orange jumper, staining a dark collar of moisture around his neck.

“Silence!” the Chief Judge hissed. “The record will show that the prisoner is unrepentant. This Court finds that the prisoner willfully, maliciously and without justification removed his neural connector with the purpose and effect of disconnecting himself from the Net. We further find that the motivating factor for this egregious, willful and repugnant crime was the attempt to abandon the Common Consciousness and establish his individuality separate and apart from the Communal Mind. We further find that the subject is in full possession of his legal faculties and capable of understanding the criminal nature of his acts, and, perhaps most tragically, that he fails to see the enormity of his crime.” The Chief Justice faltered slightly, delivering the final words of the Courts sentence with a slight tremor in his voice. After stopping a moment to compose himself as his learned colleagues looked on impassively, he continued. “It is, therefore, the judgment of this Court that you will forever remain disconnected from the nets from this day forward.”

Upon hearing the Judge’s words the prisoner’s eyes opened wider, attempting to digest their import. Could it be? Could he finally be allowed the freedom to regain his humanity? The unalienable right to be an individual for the first time in his life? The opportunity to live in a world in which he could have original thoughts, genuine emotions, and the opportunity to be different from everyone else? The joy in these words nearly made him faint with relief and unbridled joy, allowing him for the first time in his life the possibility of hope as tears welled in his eyes. He found he could not speak, could not express even the simple words “thank you” to the Court. It was as though he were emerging from a life-long nightmare, as if . . .

“The prisoner’s IP address, 999.999.999.999, shall be erased from the Nets,” the Judge continued as the prisoner’s tears flowed freely. His existence shall be forever stricken from the Collective Consciousness lest it germinate there and once again grow sedition in our midst.” The prisoner wept openly now while smiling broadly. “The death sentence for this most heinous of crimes is hereby commuted so that the prisoner may be allowed the individuality he craved for the rest of his natural life, devoid of the comfort of humanity or the distracting influences of life.”

The Chief Judge then paused and took a deep breath. “It is further ordered by this Court that the prisoner shall have his eyes, eardrums, tongue and olfactory organs surgically removed that he may not see, hear, taste, or speak with any other human being for the rest of his natural life. thereafter, he is to be remanded to a hospital where he shall be restrained to a bed and tended to by robotic life support aids. The sentence of this Court shall be carried out immediately and shall be witnessed by all Citizens of Earth as partial reparation for this most heinous of crimes against humanity.”

The prisoner’s screams lasted only a few moments as an anesthetic was administered and the cameras were re-arranged in preparation for justice to be carried out.

__________________________
Justice - from Book of Dreams 2e: Science Fiction and Speculative Fiction Short Stories (c) 2013 by Victor D. Lopez.

title: Justice

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about the prisoner's punishment?

answer: The prisoner is guilty of removing his neural connector with the purpose and effect of disconnecting himself from the Net. The convict is also in full possession of his legal faculties but fails to see the enormity of his crime. As a result, he has to be removed from natural life and separated from humanity. The Chief Judge orders the prisoner's eyes, eardrums, tongue, and olfactory organs to be surgically removed and the convict will be sentenced to bed rest in hospital. The Chief Justice also orders the prisoner to be disconnected from the Common Consciousness.

answer: The prisoner is in front of a tribunal. The verdict is scream and permanently disconnected from the internet. The prisoner is recored to have removed the neural connector without the common consciousness and have gone against the idea of the collective consciousness. As such, the prisoner is sentenced to have his eyes, olfactory and other organs removed. He will be placed in detention, where he will be allowed to live.

text: This sentence makes no sense

refinement: The prisoner is in front of a tribunal. The prisoner will be permanently disconnected from the internet. The prisoner is recored to have removed the neural connector without the common consciousness and have gone against the idea of the collective consciousness. As such, the prisoner is sentenced to have his eyes, olfactory and other organs removed. He will be placed in detention, where he will be allowed to live.

text: This sentence makes no sense

refinement: The prisoner is in front of a tribunal. He will be permanently disconnected from the internet. The prisoner is accused of removing the neural connector which attached him to the common consciousness. He has rejected the idea of the collective consciousness. As such, the prisoner is sentenced to have his eyes, olfactory and other organs removed. He will be placed in detention, where he will be allowed to live.

answer: The prisoner screams that he has nothing to say. A successful surgical operation then removes the prisoner's eyesight, hearing, taste, and smell. Without the ability to see, hear, taste, or smell, the prisoner will exist in a world of silence for the remainder of his life.

answer: The prisoner is sentenced to forever remain disconnected from the nets from that day forward. The Court also sentences the prisoner to having his eyes, eardrums, tongue, and olfactory organs surgically removed.

answer: The prisoner is in front of a tribunal. The verdict is scream. The prisoner is recored to have removed the neural connector without the common consciousness and have gone against the idea of the collective consciousness. As such, the prisoner is sentenced to have his eyes, olfactory and other organs removed. He will be placed in detention, where he will be allowed to live.

answer: The prisoner is guilty of removing his neural connector with the purpose and effect of disconnecting himself from the Net. The convict is also in full possession of his legal faculties but fails to see the enormity of his crime. As a result, he has to be removed from natural life and separated from humanity. The Chief Judge orders the prisoner's eyes, eardrums, tongue, and olfactory organs to be surgically removed and the convict will be sentenced to bed rest in hospital. He will also be disconnected from the Common Consciousness.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about humanity in the future?

answer:
Justice (C) 2012-2013 Victor D. Lopez

Time: The all too near future

Time: The all too near future

In the Story: People on earth can now be "in" a courtroom as virtual beings.

text: This fails to answer the question

refinement: The story takes place in the future. Technology has progressed to the point that the justices are sentenced over a neural net, "citizens watch the drama unfold". The Justice system is run by three judges. The judges pass a death sentence for the most heinous of crimes, but the sentencing is changed to allow the prisoner to be disconnected from the nets and have his senses removed from his body. They hope this would allow the convict the individuality he had craved for the rest of his natural life

answer: In the near future, humanity has sobered considerably. Crime is rare and undesirable behaviors are no longer tolerated. All kinds of crimes are punishable by disconnection.

answer: People on earth can now be "in" a courtroom as virtual beings. Additionally, the keystone to the plot of the story is that capital punishment was seen as inhumane, and only one crime was left on the books as a crime to be punishable by death; removing one's neural connector so they could not regulate signals within the universal community.

text: Quite the contrary

refinement: The story takes place in the future. Technology has progressed to the point that the justices are sentenced over a neural net, "citizens watch the drama unfold". The Justice system is run by three judges. The judges pass a death sentence for the most heinous of crimes, but the sentencing is changed to allow the prisoner to be disconnected from the nets and have his senses removed from his body. They hope this would allow the convict the individuality he had craved for the rest of his natural life

answer: The story takes place in the future. Technology has progressed to the point that the justices are sentenced over a neural net, "citizens watch the drama unfold". The Justice system is run by three judges. The judges pass a death sentence for the most heinous of crimes, but the sentencing is changed to allow the prisoner to be disconnected from the nets and have his senses removed from his body. They hope this would allow the convict the individuality he had craved for the rest of his natural life.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about the prisoner's family?

answer: No answer

answer: No answer

answer: The text doesn't say anything about the prisoner's family.

answer: The prisoner's family receives no mention in the story.

answer: The text doesn't say anything about the prisoner's family.

answer: No answer


text:
Rear Admiral DAVYD RHYS THOMAS, (born 2 May 1956) is a senior officer in the Royal Australian Naval Reserve.

Naval career

Davyd Rhys Thomas was born on 2 May 1956 in Newcastle, New South Wales,[1] and joined the Royal Australian Navy College from that city in 1974. After gaining a Bridge Watchkeeping Certificate in 1978, he served as executive officer of HMAS _Aware_, a Darwin-based patrol boat.

Thomas was promoted to lieutenant in 1979, during which time he commenced his warfare training, and served on HMAS _Brisbane_. A short stint on the staff at the RAN Apprentice Training Establishment, prior to professional warfare specialist training in the United Kingdom, followed in 1983.

Upon his return to Australia, Thomas served as the operations officer on HMAS _Vampire_, and later on HMAS _Perth_ as Gunnery Officer. He then completed the RAN Staff Course in 1987, and was subsequently employed as the surface weapons trials officer at the RAN's Test and Evaluation Centre in Sydney.

Thomas was then posted as executive officer of HMAS _Adelaide_, and participated in the first RAN contingent to the Persian Gulf in 1990, as part of Operation Desert Shield; he was promoted to commander in December 1990.

He then served in Western Australia as the operations officer at Fleet Base West. In September 1994, Thomas assumed command of HMAS _Darwin_, based on the West Coast.

In the Australia Day Honour's List of 1997, Thomas was awarded the Conspicuous Service Cross[2] and was promoted to captain in July of the same year. March 1999 saw him posted as Director of Naval Officers' Postings, until assuming command of HMAS _Newcastle_ in March 2001.

As the commanding officer of _Newcastle_ during Operation Slipper in the Persian Gulf, Thomas conducted maritime interdiction in support of coalition forces enforcing United Nations sanctions against Iraq. For this he was awarded a Commendation for Distinguished Service in June 2003.[3]

He was promoted to the rank of commodore and made a Member of the Order of Australia in mid-2002 for “exceptional service to the Royal Australian Navy”.[4] He later assumed the position of Commodore Flotillas and Commander Deployable Joint Force Headquarters (Maritime) in February 2004.

Thomas was promoted to rear admiral and appointed to the position of Maritime Commander Australia (MCAUST) in July 2005; in 2007 this position was renamed Commander Australian Fleet (COMAUSFLT).

On 3 August 2007, Thomas assumed command of the Australian Defence College, which on 14 January 2008 became Joint Education, Training and Warfare (JETW) Command (which encompasses the Australian Defence College Headquarters, the Australian Defence Force Academy, the Australian Command and Staff College, the Centre for Defence and Strategic Studies and the ADF Warfare Centre).[5][6]

Thomas assumed the duties of Deputy Chief of Navy (DCN) on 6 June 2008. In the Australia Day Honours List of 2009, Thomas was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia for his service as Commodore Flotillas, Maritime Commander Australia, Commander Australian Fleet and Commander, Australian Defence College.[7] He relinquished the post of DCN on 18 February 2011 to Rear Admiral Trevor Jones.[8]

Honours and awards

  -------------
  [] [] [] []

  [] [] [] []
  -------------

  --------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
                  Ribbon                                     Description                                      Notes
                    []                         | Officer of the Order of Australia (AO)         Australia Day Honours List 2009[9]
   Member of the Order of Australia (AM)        Queen's Birthday Honours List 2002[10]
                    []                             Conspicuous Service Cross (CSC)             Australia Day Honours List 1997[11]
                    []                          Commendation for Distinguished Service        Queen's Birthday Honours List 2003[12]
                    []                             Australian Active Service Medal                with ICAT and IRAQ 2003 clasps
                    []                                    Afghanistan Medal
                    []                                 Australian Service Medal                         with KUWAIT clasp
                    []                     Defence Force Service Medal with Federation Star           40 plus years service
                    []                                 Australian Defence Medal
  --------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------

[1]

[2] It's an Honour – Conspicuous Service Cross – 26 January 1997

[3] It's an Honour – Commendation for Distinguished Service – 9 June 2003
Citation: _For distinguished performance of duty as the Commanding Officer, HMAS NEWCASTLE, in the Persian Gulf during Operation SLIPPER._

[4] It's an Honour – Member of the Order of Australia – 10 June 2002
Citation: _For exceptional service to the Royal Australian Navy as a senior Naval Officer through personal commitment and dedication to professional excellence._

[5]

[6] History of the ADC

[7] It's an Honour – Officer of the Order of Australia – 26 January 2009

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

title: Davyd Thomas

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize Davyd Thomas' naval career.

answer: He began ship-related career in 1974 as a Royal Australian Navy College student. His first job as an officer was in 1979 when he was promoted to lieutenant and attracted to the HMAS Brisbane. He served at the RAN Apprentice Training Establishment, related the professional warfare specialist training in the UK, following which he assumed the position of operations officer in the HMAS Vampire. Upon returning to Australia, Thomas served as the Gunnery Officer and then proceeded to serve as the executive officer of HMAS Adelaide in 1990. He also participated in the first RAN contingent of Persian Gulf. He was promoted to commander in 1990 and served in Western Australia as the operations officer of HMAS Darwin.

text: Some details of Thomas's early career are inaccurate.

refinement: He began his ship-related career in 1974 as a Royal Australian Navy College student. His first job as an executive officer of HMAS Aware, and a year later in 1979 he was promoted to lieutenant and attracted to the HMAS Brisbane. He served at the RAN Apprentice Training Establishment, related the professional warfare specialist training in the UK. Upon returning to Australia, he assumed the position of operations officer in the HMAS Vampire. Afterwards, he served as the Gunnery Officer and then proceeded to serve as the executive officer of HMAS Adelaide in 1990. He also participated in the first RAN contingent of Persian Gulf. He was promoted to commander in 1990 and served in Western Australia as the operations officer of HMAS Darwin.

text: Omission of details around Thomas's later naval career.

refinement: He began his ship-related career in 1974 as a Royal Australian Navy College student. His first job as an executive officer of HMAS Aware, and a year later in 1979 he was promoted to lieutenant and attracted to the HMAS Brisbane. He served at the RAN Apprentice Training Establishment, related the professional warfare specialist training in the UK. Upon returning to Australia, he assumed the position of operations officer in the HMAS Vampire. Afterwards, he served as the Gunnery Officer and then proceeded to serve as the executive officer of HMAS Adelaide in 1990. He also participated in the first RAN contingent of Persian Gulf. He was promoted to commander in 1990 and served in Western Australia as the operations officer of HMAS Darwin. He was promoted to commander in 1997 and later assumed command of HMAS Newcastle, during which he interceded to support coalition forces enforce UN sanctions against Iraq. In the 2000s he was promoted to commodore and then rear admiral. He assumed command of the Australian Defence College in 2007, and was Deputy Chief of the Navy between 2008 and 2011.

answer: Thomas commenced his journey when he joined the Royal Australian Naval College. He obtained his Bridge Watchkeeping Certificate and served as the executive officer of a patrol boat. After Thomas was promoted to lieutenant, he started his warfare training. He held a lot of positions including those posts at the RAN centers throughout Australia. Thomas tested surface weapons, was involved in combat war on the Gulf, and assumed command of HMS Darwin. He is quite decorated.

text: Amendments to grammar, syntax and phrasing to improve clarity.

refinement: Thomas began his naval career when he joined the Royal Australian Naval College. He obtained his Bridge Watchkeeping Certificate and served as the executive officer of a patrol boat. After Thomas was promoted to lieutenant, he started his warfare training. He held numerous positions. Thomas was involved in combat war on the Gulf, and assumed command of HMS Darwin. He is quite decorated.

text: Details of Thomas's later career are not included.

refinement: Thomas began his naval career when he joined the Royal Australian Naval College. He obtained his Bridge Watchkeeping Certificate and served as the executive officer of a patrol boat. After Thomas was promoted to lieutenant, he started his warfare training. He held numerous positions. Thomas was involved in combat war on the Gulf, and assumed command of HMS Darwin. In the 2000s, he assumed command of HMAS Newcastle and was involved in supporting coalition forces enforcing UN sanctions against Iraq. He achieved the rank of rear admiral in 2005 and was Deputy Chief of Nacy between 2008 and 2011. He is quite decorated.

answer: Rear Admiral Davyd Rhys Thomas joined the Royal Australian Navy College in 1974. Following professional warfare specialist training, he served as the executive officer on HMAS _Vampire_ and then on HMAS _Perth_. In 1990, Thomas participated in Operation Desert Shield with the first RAN contingent to the Persian Gulf. Thomas was then promoted to commander in December 1990. From late 1994 to 2009, Thomas served in various positions, eventually becoming Deputy Chief of Navy. Thomas relinquished this position in 2011. Thomas has received multiple prestigious honors including the Conspicuous Service Cross and Commendation for Distinguished Service.

answer: Davyd Thomas was born in Newcastle, New South Wales and joined the Royal Australian Navy College there in 1974. He received his Bridge Watchkeeping certificate and later served as the executive officer of HMAS Aware.

text: Significant omission of Thomas's career

refinement: Davyd Thomas was born in Newcastle, New South Wales and joined the Royal Australian Navy College there in 1974. He received his Bridge Watchkeeping certificate and later served as the executive officer of HMAS Aware. From there on he served on various ships and with RAN centres. Following promotion to captain and assuming command of HMAS Newcastle in 2001, he was involved in supporting coalitions forces enforcing UN sanctions against Iraq. He achieved the rank of rear admiral in 2005, and was Deputy Chief of Navy between 2008 and 2011.

answer: Rear Admiral Davyd Thomas joined the Royal Australian Navy College in 1974. He gained his bridge watchkeeping certificate in 1978 and subsequently served on several ships, holding various positions. He was promoted to commander in 1990, then assumed command of HMAS Darwin in 1994. In 2002, Thomas received the Commendation for Distinguished Service, the Officer of the Order of Australia in 2009, and was appointed Maritime Commander Australia and Deputy Chief of Navy. Thomas relinquished the Deputy Chief of Navy position in 2011. His naval career included experience with maritime interdiction, defense force service, and being decorated with the Conspicuous Service Cross and the Member of the Order of Australian.


text:
MCCORMICK ISLAND is a island, located in the city of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It's one of the larger islands that makes up the Sheets Island Archipelago (3,675 acres) in the Susquehanna River. Other islands surrounding are Sheets Island, and Governor’s Mansion Island. It is directly south of the I-81 bridge, and can be seen from many different places in Harrisburg. It also is relatively close to Wade Island, another popular stopover for birds in migration. Wade Island is protected and access is not permitted. The various shorebirds present on McCormick Island represent an attraction for bird enthusiasts. Wade Island Rookery, Pennsylvania's largest multi-species nesting island, is also a great attraction.[1]

History

Like most of the Susquehanna River islands, McCormick is made up of layered flood deposits laid down over many years. Paleoindians used this island as a seasonal encampment nearly 8,000 years ago.[2] As floods occurred, many of the previous remains of the Indians became buried. Thus McCormick Island is layered with many different artifacts of previous societies. Stone tools have been recovered, cooking hearths, ceramics, beads, and metal objects. Possible post and pole objects have also been discovered.[3] McCormick Island now contains a large, protected Native American archaeological site.

Ownership

On August 15, 2007, the Central Pennsylvania Conservancy (CPC) purchased McCormick Island from the City of Harrisburg for a total cost in excess of $125,000. The main goal intended in the purchase is to preserve this vital asset for birds close to being endangered, as well as protecting other habitats. McCormick remains open to the public with walking trails and places for picnicking and camping. River recreation activities such as fishing, boating, canoeing and jet skiing are permitted.[4] Strict rules apply to trash and disposal to help reduce the pollution on the island.

Animals

[Great blue heron] McCormick Island regularly supports thousands of waterfowl during the migratory season, such as the common loon, horned grebe, red-breasted merganser, lesser scaup, and bufflehead.[5] McCormick Island also represents the highest concentration of wading birds in Pennsylvania during the breeding season including the great egret, yellow-crowned night-heron and black-crowned night-heron. The island also provides important breeding habitat for the black-crowned night-heron, which is classified as a candidate- at risk species in Pennsylvania and under consideration for Pennsylvania endangered species status. Thus McCormick Island is declared an Important Bird Area (IBA) by The National Audubon Society.[6] Any disturbance on the island could possibly impact the bird habitat. McCormick Island provides a great avian habitat because of the forested wetland complex and shallow foraging areas, and open water.[7] Typically, the main birds spotted on McCormick Island are: great blue heron, green back heron, black-crown night heron, egrets, and bald eagles. Non avian species documented on the island include river otter, beaver, muskrat, snapping turtle, yellow-bellied slider turtle, map turtle and water snake. American toad populations are abundant on the islands.

Plants

McCormick Island and surrounding islands are primarily deciduous forest and dominated by river birch, sycamore, silver maple, tulip poplar and poison ivy. Several plant species of Pennsylvania concern inhabit the island including aster-like boltonia, flat-leaved pondweed, umbrella magnolia, blue-eyed grass, and umbrella flatsedge. [Trees and other vegetation on McCormick Island, Harrisburg, PA.]

[1] Paddle in solitude on Pa.'s first river trail

[2] CPC to Purchase McCormick's Island | Central Pennsylvania Conservancy

[3]

[4] Pennsylvania IBA Conservation Action Summary

[5]

[6]

[7]

title: McCormick Island

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the conservation efforts of McCormick Island.

answer: McCormick Island is a protected island in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and serves as an important avian habitat. The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy purchased the island in 2007 with the goal of preserving the valuable habitat for birds near being endangered. While McCormick Island is open to the public, strict rules are in place in order to protect the habitat. Tidal wetlands, deciduous forests and several Pennsylvania plants concern inhabit the island.

text:
Add a comma to "and"
Add "of"

refinement: McCormick Island is a protected island in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and serves as an important avian habitat. The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy purchased the island in 2007 with the goal of preserving the valuable habitat for birds near being endangered. While McCormick Island is open to the public, strict rules are in place in order to protect the habitat. Tidal wetlands, deciduous forests, and several Pennsylvania plants concern inhabit the island.

text: "several Pennsylvania plants concern" - change to "several plant species of Pennsylvania concern"

refinement: McCormick Island is a protected island in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, and serves as an important avian habitat. The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy purchased the island in 2007 with the goal of preserving the valuable habitat for birds near being endangered. While McCormick Island is open to the public, strict rules are in place in order to protect the habitat. Tidal wetlands, deciduous forests, and several plant species of Pennsylvania concern inhabit the island.

answer: McCormick Island was purchased in 2007 from the City of Harrisburg by the Central Pennsylvania Conservancy. The goal for the purchase is to preserve it for endangered birds and to protect other habitats. The island is an important breeding habitat for the endangered species and has been declared an Important Bird Area by the National Audubon Society. Any disturbance on the island negatively impacts these bird habitats.

answer: CPC purchased the island on August 15, 2007, in order to preserve its important bird habitat. They allow walking and picnicking activities and other recreational activities such as fishing but rules have strict to reduce pollution and prevent trash accumulation. The island contains the highest concentration of wading birds in Pennsylvania during the breeding season which makes its conservation area important. Wade Island is a popular stopover for birds in migration whose access is restricted.

text: "CPC purchased the island on August 15, 2007, in order to preserve its important bird habitat." - this sentence is vague without the meaning of "CPC" and who they bought the island from to give it context.

refinement: The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy (CPC) purchased the island on August 15, 2007, from the City of Harrisburg, in order to preserve its important bird habitat. They allow walking and picnicking activities and other recreational activities such as fishing but rules have strict to reduce pollution and prevent trash accumulation. The island contains the highest concentration of wading birds in Pennsylvania during the breeding season which makes its conservation area important. Wade Island is a popular stopover for birds in migration whose access is restricted.

text: "rules have strict" - incorrect sequence of words. Change to "have strict rules"

refinement: The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy (CPC) purchased the island on August 15, 2007, from the City of Harrisburg, in order to preserve its important bird habitat. They allow walking and picnicking activities and other recreational activities such as fishing but have strict rules to reduce pollution and prevent trash accumulation. The island contains the highest concentration of wading birds in Pennsylvania during the breeding season which makes its conservation area important. Wade Island is a popular stopover for birds in migration whose access is restricted.

text: "Wade Island is a popular stopover for birds in migration whose access is restricted." - Wade Island is irrelevant and should be removed.

refinement: The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy (CPC) purchased the island on August 15, 2007, from the City of Harrisburg, in order to preserve its important bird habitat. They allow walking and picnicking activities and other recreational activities such as fishing but have strict rules to reduce pollution and prevent trash accumulation. The island contains the highest concentration of wading birds in Pennsylvania during the breeding season which makes its conservation area important.

answer: McCormick Island is a significant piece of bird habitat in the city of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy purchased the island from the City of Harrisburg in 2007 with the goal of preserving the island and protecting other habitats. Wading birds are abundant on McCormick Island, and disturbance to the bird habitat could have negative consequences. Rules prohibit trash and disposal to help reduce pollution, and American toads are also present. McCormick Island is primarily made up of deciduous forest, with trees such as river birch and sycamore dominating the landscape. Several plant species of Pennsylvania concern inhabit the island. Conservation efforts include preserving the bird habitat and preventing any potential disturbances.

text: Extraneous information that can be removed.

refinement: McCormick Island is a significant piece of bird habitat in the city of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. The Central Pennsylvania Conservancy purchased the island from the City of Harrisburg in 2007 with the goal of preserving the island and protecting other habitats. Wading birds are abundant on McCormick Island, and disturbance to the bird habitat could have negative consequences. Rules prohibit trash and disposal to help reduce pollution. Several plant species of Pennsylvania concern inhabit the island. Conservation efforts include preserving the bird habitat and preventing any potential disturbances.

answer: The island was purchased by the Central Pennsylvania Conservancy to preserve a great avian habitat. It remains open to the public while the CPC maintains strict rules to help protect it.

text: While the response is accurate, it is lacking crucial information and needs more details.

refinement: The island was purchased by the Central Pennsylvania Conservancy (CPC) from the City of Harrisburg in 2007 to preserve a great avian habitat for birds close to being endangered, as well as protecting other habitats. It remains open to the public while the CPC maintains strict rules to help protect it from pollution and other disturbances. McCormick Island has been declared an Important Bird Area by the National Audubon Society.