text:
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Véhicule de l'opération _Sentinelle_ à Lyon._OPÉRATION SENTINELLE_ () is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed[1] since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks, with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism. It was reinforced during the November 2015 Paris attacks, and is part of an ongoing state of emergency in France due to continued terror threats and attacks.[2][3]

Background

[French soldiers on break from a patrol shift.] Opération Sentinelle was first deployed after the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks, and was reinforced following the November 2015 Paris attacks, attacks which were claimed to have been perpetrated by the Islamic extremist groups Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). A number of other attacks have taken place in France since these attacks.[4]

Other European countries have also deployed soldiers to protect certain areas due to terror threats or attacks, including in Belgium,[5] Italy,[6] and the United Kingdom.[7]

Attacks against soldiers

On at least six occasions, soldiers involved in the nationwide operation have themselves been targeted.[8]

Soldiers deployed under _Opération Sentinelle_ on 3 February 2017 blocked the assailant in the Louvre machete attack from entering the museum, where he claims to have intended to deface art with spray paint as a symbolic attack on France; he attacked the patrolling soldiers with a machete.[9]

In the March 2017 Île-de-France attacks, two _Opération Sentinelle_ soldiers at Orly Airport killed a man who said “I am here to die for Allah”[10] while he beat to the floor another member of their team, a soldier from whom the attacker intended to steal her assault rifle.

On 9 August 2017 in Levallois-Perret, six soldiers of the 35th Infantry Regiment[11] participating in _Opération Sentinelle_ were intentionally wounded by an automobile whose driver fled.[12] The military did not have time to use their weapons.[13]

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title: Opération Sentinelle

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is Operation Sentinelle?

answer: A French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks, with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism. It was reinforced during the November 2015 Paris attacks and is part of an ongoing state of emergency in France due to continued terror threats and attacks.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation with 10 000 soldiers and 4 700 police and gendarmes deployed. It is part of an ongoing state of emergency in France due to contend terror threats and attacks.

text: Does not mention why the troups were deployed.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation with 10 000 soldiers and 4 700 police and gendarmes deployed to protect the tettirory from terrorism. It is part of an ongoing state of emergency in France due to contend terror threats and attacks.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed to protect sensitive areas of the territory from terrorism.

answer: It is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks. Its objective is to protect sensitive “points” of its territory from terrorism.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation aimed at protecting sensitive areas from terrorism. It was implemented in the aftermath of January 2015 attacks and has been reinforced following November 2015 Paris attacks. The operation has seen soldiers targeted on at least six occasions.

text: The last sentence is not necessary.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation aimed at protecting sensitive areas from terrorism. It was implemented in the aftermath of January 2015 attacks and has been reinforced following November 2015 Paris attacks.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How is Operation Sentinelle justified?

answer: Operation Sentinelle was justified as a response to the January 2015 attacks in Île-de-France. Before that attack, France was already feeling the aftereffects of terrorism attacks, including one at the Louvre mentioned in the text.

text: Second sentence is incorrect. The Louvre attack mentioned took place in 2017, well after the January 2015 attack.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle was justified as a response to the January 2015 attacks in Île-de-France.

text: "since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation is justified as being a response to the January 2015 attacks.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is meant to protect sensitive areas from terrorism. This operation has been enacted after the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks and following the November 2015 Paris attacks. While there have been some attacks on soldiers participating in the operation, it continues to serve the important function of protecting certain vulnerable areas from potential terror threats.

text: The final sentence is redundant, as that point has already been made in the first sentence.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle is meant to protect sensitive areas from terrorism. This operation has been enacted after the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks and following the November 2015 Paris attacks.

text: "with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism" is evidence that the operation is meant to protect sensitive areas from terrorism.

text: "Opération Sentinelle was first deployed after the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation is a response to the January 2015 attacks.

answer: It has been used to protect "sensitive "points" of the territory from terrorism".

text: "with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism" is evidence that the operation is meant to protect sensitive areas from terrorism.

answer: It was created in the aftermath of the January 2015 Ile-de-France attacks. It was reinforced during the November 2015 Paris attacks. Both attacks were claimed to have been perpetrated by the Islamic extrimist groups Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula and Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL).

text: The second and third sentences do not address the question being asked.

refinement: It was created in the aftermath of the January 2015 Ile-de-France attacks.

text: Omits mention that the operation is meant to protect sensitive areas against terrorist threats.

refinement: It was created in the aftermath of the January 2015 Ile-de-France attacks. It is meant to protect sensitive areas against terrorist threats.

text: "Opération Sentinelle was first deployed after the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation is a response to the January 2015 attacks.

answer: The objective of Operation Sentinelle is to protect sensitive "points" of the territory from terrorism. It is part of an ongoing state of emergency in France due to continued terror threats and attacks.

text: "with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism" is evidence that the operation is meant to protect sensitive areas from terrorism.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Which countries launched domestic military operations to protect certain areas against terrorist threats or attacks?

answer: France, Belgium, the UK, and Italy.

answer: Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom launched domestic military operations in response to terror threats or attacks.

text: Doesn't mention France--the main country the article is about.

refinement: France, Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom launched domestic military operations in response to terror threats or attacks.

answer: France launched Operation Sentinelle. Belgium, Italy and the United Kingdom have launched similar operations.

answer: Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom have all launched military operations to protect certain areas against terrorist threats or attacks.

text: Doesn't mention France--the main country the article is about.

refinement: France, Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom have all launched military operations to protect certain areas against terrorist threats or attacks.

answer: Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom.

text: Doesn't mention France--the main country the article is about.

refinement: France, Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

List all the incidents were soldiers were targeted after the inception of Operation Sentinelle.

answer:
Six attacks have occurred targeting soldiers involved in _Opération Sentinelle_:

1. the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks
2. the November 2015 Paris attacks
3. an attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

text: Operation Sentinelle was deployed after the November 2015 Paris attacks, so the 2015 attacks cannot be examples.

refinement:
Six attacks have occurred targeting soldiers involved in _Opération Sentinelle_:

3. an attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

text: Does not mention the February 2017 attack.

refinement:
Six attacks have occurred targeting soldiers involved in _Opération Sentinelle_:

1. patrolling soldiers were wounded during a 3 February 2017 attack on the Louvre
3. an attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

text: Does not mention the March 2017 attack.

refinement:
Six attacks have occurred targeting soldiers involved in _Opération Sentinelle_:

1. patrolling soldiers were wounded during a 3 February 2017 attack on the Louvre
2. Two soldiers killed a man who attacked their colleague at Orly Airport in March 2017
3. an attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

text: The opening statement implies the list is exhaustive, which it isn't.

refinement:
Six attacks have occurred targeting soldiers involved in _Opération Sentinelle_, including:

1. patrolling soldiers were wounded during a 3 February 2017 attack on the Louvre
2. Two soldiers killed a man who attacked their colleague at Orly Airport in March 2017
3. an attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

text: Formatting (remove underscores)

refinement:
Six attacks have occurred targeting soldiers involved in Opération Sentinelle, including:

1. patrolling soldiers were wounded during a 3 February 2017 attack on the Louvre
2. Two soldiers killed a man who attacked their colleague at Orly Airport in March 2017
3. an attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

text: "On 9 August 2017 in Levallois-Perret, six soldiers of the 35th Infantry Regiment[11] participating in _Opération Sentinelle_ were intentionally wounded by an automobile whose driver fled" is evidence of the August 9 attack.

answer:
1. In February 2017, soldiers blocked the assailant to enter the Louvre museum. The assailant claims to have intended to deface art with spray paint, he attacked the patrolling soldiers with a machete.
2. In March 2017, two soldiers at Orly Airport killed a man who said "I am here to die for Allah" while he beat to the floor another member of their team. The assailant intended to steal the beaten soldier's assault rifle.
3. In August 2017, six soldiers were wounded by an automobile whose driver fled. The military did not have time to use their weapons.

text: "Soldiers deployed under _Opération Sentinelle_ on 3 February 2017 blocked the assailant in the Louvre machete attack from entering the museum, where he claims to have intended to deface art with spray paint as a symbolic attack on France; he attacked the patrolling soldiers with a machete" is evidence of the February 2017 attack.

text: "In the March 2017 Île-de-France attacks, two _Opération Sentinelle_ soldiers at Orly Airport killed a man who said “I am here to die for Allah”[10] while he beat to the floor another member of their team, a soldier from whom the attacker intended to steal her assault rifle" is evidence of the March 2017 attack

text: "On 9 August 2017 in Levallois-Perret, six soldiers of the 35th Infantry Regiment[11] participating in _Opération Sentinelle_ were intentionally wounded by an automobile whose driver fled" is evidence of the August 2017 attack.

answer: Six incidents involving soldiers under Operation Sentinelle have been targeted. These incidents include the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks, the November 2015 Paris attacks, an attack on 3 February 2017 at the Louvre, the March 2017 Île-de-France attacks, an attack on six soldiers of the 35th Infantry Regiment on 9 August 2017.

text: The 2015 attacks occurred before Operation Sentinelle was formed and thus are not examples of incidents involving the operation's soldiers.

refinement: Six incidents involving soldiers under Operation Sentinelle have been targeted. These incidents include an attack on 3 February 2017 at the Louvre, the March 2017 Île-de-France attacks, an attack on six soldiers of the 35th Infantry Regiment on 9 August 2017.

answer: On 6 occasions, soldiers assigned to Opération Sentinelle were targeted.

text: The answer does not list any of the actual incidents, which is what the questions asks.

refinement:
On 6 occasions, soldiers assigned to Opération Sentinelle were targeted. These include:

1. An incident in which patrolling soldiers were wounded during a 3 February 2017 attack on the Louvre
2. Two soldiers killed a man who attacked their colleague at Orly Airport in March 2017
3. An attack in Levallois-Perret on 9 August 2017

answer: - 9 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The vehicle hit 5 vehicles near the Arc ad Seine before targeting the soldiers. The driver fled.- militants in Bayonne shot at 2 soldiers. Another incident of an attack was carried out by gunmen against 2 soldiers in Trebes. In the same month, three soldiers were wounded by a woman with a knife.

text: Confusing formatting (no paragraphs between separate points)

refinement:
- 9 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The vehicle hit 5 vehicles near the Arc ad Seine before targeting the soldiers. The driver fled.

- militants in Bayonne shot at 2 soldiers. Another incident of an attack was carried out by gunmen against 2 soldiers in Trebes.

In the same month, three soldiers were wounded by a woman with a knife.

text: Only 6 soldiers were injured during the Levallois-Perret incident.

refinement:
- 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The vehicle hit 5 vehicles near the Arc ad Seine before targeting the soldiers. The driver fled.

- militants in Bayonne shot at 2 soldiers. Another incident of an attack was carried out by gunmen against 2 soldiers in Trebes.

In the same month, three soldiers were wounded by a woman with a knife.

text: The statement that the vehicle hit 5 vehicles is unattested.

refinement:
- 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The driver fled.

- militants in Bayonne shot at 2 soldiers. Another incident of an attack was carried out by gunmen against 2 soldiers in Trebes.

In the same month, three soldiers were wounded by a woman with a knife.

text: The alleged Bayonne attack is not mentioned anywhere in the original article.

refinement:
- 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The driver fled.

- Another incident of an attack was carried out by gunmen against 2 soldiers in Trebes.

In the same month, three soldiers were wounded by a woman with a knife.

text: The alleged Trebes attack is not mentioned in the article either.

refinement:
- 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The driver fled.

In the same month, three soldiers were wounded by a woman with a knife.

text: The attack carried out by a woman with a knife is not mentioned in the article.

refinement: - 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The driver fled.

text: Fails to mention the February 2017 attack.

refinement:
- 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The driver fled.

- Patrolling soldiers at The Louvre were attacked by a man with a machete

text: Does not mention the March 2017 attack

refinement:
- 6 soldiers were hurt in an incident at Levallois-Perret when hit by a vehicle driven by a driver who rammed into them. The driver fled.

- Patrolling soldiers at The Louvre were attacked by a man with a machete

- A man attacked a soldier at Orly Airport while screaming "I am here to die for Allah"

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation created in the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks. The objective of the operation is to protect certain areas of the territory from terrorism. It was reinforced during the November 2015 Paris attacks, and is part of an ongoing state of emergency in France due to continued terror threats and attacks.

text: "Véhicule de l'opération _Sentinelle_ à Lyon._OPÉRATION SENTINELLE_ () is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed[1] since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation was created in reaction to the January 2015 attacks.

text: "with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism" is evidence that the purpose of the operation is to protect certain areas from terrorism.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation with ten thousand soldiers and an equal amount of police and gendarmes deployed to protect certain points. They support the French administration's efforts to guard the country against potential terror attacks. Although the operation is successful, the troops involved are sometimes targeted by the terrorists for their action.

text: This does not mention the incident that the formation of the operation was a response to.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation with ten thousand soldiers and an equal amount of police and gendarmes deployed to protect certain points. It was formed following the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks. They support the French administration's efforts to guard the country against potential terror attacks. Although the operation is successful, the troops involved are sometimes targeted by the terrorists for their action.

text: "On at least six occasions, soldiers involved in the nationwide operation have themselves been targeted" is evidence that the troops have, on occasion, been targeted.

answer: Since the aftermath of the January 2015 attacks, _Operation Sentinelle_ has deployed 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes to protect sensitive “points” of the French territory from terrorism. Soldiers concerned have repeatedly been targeted, and attacks against them have continued. Most recently, in the March 2017 Île-de-France attacks, two soldiers were responsible for killing a man who threatened their lives and tried to steal their assault rifle.

text: The most recent example of an attack does not need to be summarized.

refinement: Since the aftermath of the January 2015 attacks, _Operation Sentinelle_ has deployed 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes to protect sensitive “points” of the French territory from terrorism. Soldiers concerned have repeatedly been targeted, and attacks against them have continued.

text: "Véhicule de l'opération _Sentinelle_ à Lyon._OPÉRATION SENTINELLE_ () is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed[1] since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation was created in reaction to the January 2015 attacks.

text: "with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism" is evidence that the purpose of the operation is to protect certain areas from terrorism.

text: "On at least six occasions, soldiers involved in the nationwide operation have themselves been targeted" is evidence that the troops have, on occasion, been targeted.

answer: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation devised to protect sensitive “points” from terrorists. The mission was in response to the two 2015 attacks of Île-de-France and Paris, blaming Al-Qaeda and ISIS. Being that two soliders were killed and six were wounded by vehicular attackers, the mission required 12 million euros from the French defense budget.

text: The final sentence implies an incorrect causal relationship and is inaccurate overall.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation devised to protect sensitive “points” from terrorists. The mission was in response to the two 2015 attacks of Île-de-France and Paris, blaming Al-Qaeda and ISIS.

text: Does not mention that the soldiers have occasionally been targeted.

refinement: Operation Sentinelle is a French military operation devised to protect sensitive “points” from terrorists. The mission was in response to the two 2015 attacks of Île-de-France and Paris, blaming Al-Qaeda and ISIS. Since the operation was established, its soldiers have occasionally been targeted by terrorist attacks.

text: "with the objective of protecting sensitive “points” of the territory from terrorism" is evidence that the purpose of the operation is to protect certain areas from terrorism.

text: "Véhicule de l'opération _Sentinelle_ à Lyon._OPÉRATION SENTINELLE_ () is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed[1] since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation was created in reaction to the January 2015 attacks.

answer: Since January 2015 in response to terror attacks in France, _Opération Sentinelle_ has been deployed with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes. Increasingly targeted by extremists, _Opération Sentinelle_ continues to guard important areas from further violence.

text: The operation protects sensitive points (not necessarily the same as "important" points).

refinement: Since January 2015 in response to terror attacks in France, _Opération Sentinelle_ has been deployed with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes. Increasingly targeted by extremists, _Opération Sentinelle_ continues to guard sensitive areas from further violence.

text: "Véhicule de l'opération _Sentinelle_ à Lyon._OPÉRATION SENTINELLE_ () is a French military operation with 10,000 soldiers and 4,700 police and gendarmes deployed[1] since the aftermath of the January 2015 Île-de-France attacks" is evidence that the operation was created in reaction to the January 2015 attacks.

text: "On at least six occasions, soldiers involved in the nationwide operation have themselves been targeted" is evidence that the troops have, on occasion, been targeted by extremists.


split: train

text:
When I was first introduced to essential oils a few years ago by my naturopath I had no idea just how much I would fall in love.

As a yoga teacher who was studying to be a Holistic Nutritionist, it was important to me to use products that aligned with my values and were supportive of health.

Over the past year or so, I have come to LOVE these amazing gifts from nature. Simply put, essential oils are to a plant as what blood is to an animal. They carry nutrients, oxygen and life giving energy to all areas of a plant, just as our blood does for us.

As you discover more about the incredible healing properties of pure essential oils, you will begin to realize just how powerful and beneficial they can be — not just for your physicality, but also your mental and emotional well-being.

With the cold winter months officially upon us and quite possibly a few viruses floating around, here are five detoxifying essential oils to help boost your immunity:

1. LEMON

The essential oil derived from a lemon has incredible detoxifying effects on the body. Add a little to your glass of water each morning to help cleanse and clear out the blood, and rid the body of toxic buildup.

Lemon can also be used as a household cleaner — just mix 10 drops of oil with a cup or two of water in a glass spray bottle, and you've got yourself an all natural completely chemical free glass, wood and surface cleaner. It also of course smells refreshing and will help to eliminate stinky odors.

2. THIEVES

This blend is an absolute staple in my home and yoga studio. It smells like Christmas in a bottle — with a blend of cloves, cinnamon, lemon, eucalyptus and rosemary oils. I add a drop of this oil to my tea regularly, to help ward off any potential signs of a cold — though I haven't been sick in quite a while!

Thieves oil can also be used as a cleaner — it's antibacterial properties make for an amazing spray for dirty surfaces like public bathrooms. And yes, it also aids in supporting the immune system — a real cold and flu season power house!

I like to keep a 3oz spray bottle with thieves, organic witch hazel and distilled water in my purse at all times, to spray on my face as a refresher, on a toilet seat if I'm somewhere questionable.

3. PEPPERMINT

This is one of the most versatile oils in the world. It can be used topically to help with headaches, indigestion and even to increase mental alertness. Of course peppermint also works well as a tea and for baking. As far as detoxifying your life, peppermint may help reduce cravings and reduce your interest in sugary foods.

4. LAVENDER

Lavender can help support better sleep, which in turn will allow your body to heal and restore. It is wonderful for women as it may support with PMS symptoms and has a wonderful calming effect on the body and mind.

Diffusing the oil in your bedroom or putting a little on your feet will help support you with an overall sense of well-being.

5. VALOR

An oil blend that was created to help boost confidence and courage, Valor is also wonderful to help you sleep. And we all know the importance of a good night's rest during cold and flu season! It also smells amazing and is often used as a cologne or perfume. All you need are a few drops on your pulse points, neck and feet.

_Author's note: With the recent surge in essential oil popularity, there are a lot of brands out there claiming to be pure and organic, yet almost all of these companies are using synthetic oils to reduce costs. This can result in an inferior product that lacks life energy and therapeutic value. Please do your research and invest wisely, not only in your health and well-being but the health and well-being of the planet._

question: What is the main topic of the post?

answer: The main topic of the post is the benefits of essential oils.

answer: The main topic is essential oils.

text: It is incorrectly stated that the main topic is essential oils, it is the benefits of essential oils.

refinement: The main topic is the benefits of essential oils.

answer: The post discusses the benefits of using essential oils for detoxification and boosting immunity during cold and flu season.

answer: The post is about the author's love for essential oils.

text: The post also talks about the benefits of using essential oils.

refinement: The post is about the author's love for essential oils and their benefits.

question: What does the author think of essential oils?

answer: The author LOVES essential oils. They believe that essential oils have incredible physical, mental, and emotional healing properties.

text: Unnecessary use of plural - They.

refinement: The author LOVES essential oils. He/she believes that essential oils have incredible physical, mental, and emotional healing properties.

answer: The author thinks essential oils are amazing gifts from nature.

answer: The author thinks that essential oils are amazing gifts from nature that can be used to help boost the immune system.

answer: The author believes that essential oils can be powerful and beneficial, especially for physical, mental and emotional well-being. They can also be used as household cleaners, and to help boost immunity during cold and flu season.

question: Which immune-boosting, detoxifying essential oils does the author include?

answer: Lemon, Thieves, Peppermint, Lavender, and Valor.

answer: 1. Lemon  2. Thieves  3. Peppermint  4. Lavender  5. Valor

answer: The author mentions lemon, thieves, peppermint, and lavender as essential oils that can help boost immunity and detoxify the body.

text: Valor is omitted.

refinement: The author mentions lemon, thieves, peppermint, valor, and lavender as essential oils that can help boost immunity and detoxify the body.

answer: Lemon, Thieves, Peppermint, Lavender, and Valor.

question: What is Thieves?

answer: Thieves is a blend of cloves, cinnamon, lemon, eucalyptus, and rosemary oils.

answer: According to the passage, Thieves is a blend of essential oils that can be used to help ward off colds and support the immune system.

text: It is omitted that the oil is a blend of other oils.

refinement: According to the passage, Thieves is a blend of essential oils that can be used to help ward off colds and support the immune system. It is a blend of cloves, cinnamon, lemon, eucalyptus, and rosemary oils.

text: " I add a drop of this oil to my tea regularly, to help ward off any potential signs of a cold " is evidence that it helps ward off colds.

answer: Thieves is a blend of essential oils that is antibacterial and smells like Christmas.

text: The names of the oils used are omitted.

refinement: Thieves is a blend of essential oils of - cloves, cinnamon, lemon, rosemary, and eucalyptus. It is antibacterial and smells like Christmas.

answer: Thieves is a blend of cloves, cinnamon, lemon, eucalyptus, and rosemary oils.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The author writes about essential oils. They believe that essential oils have incredible physical, mental, and emotional healing properties.

text: Unnecessary use of plural - They.

refinement: The author writes about essential oils. He/she believes that essential oils have incredible physical, mental, and emotional healing properties.

answer: The author discusses the benefits of essential oils and how they can be used to detoxify the body. The author also discusses the importance of using pure essential oils and how to find them.

text: There is no evidence that the author explains how to find pure essential oils.

refinement: The author discusses the benefits of essential oils and how they can be used to detoxify the body. The author also discusses the importance of using pure essential oils.

text: The narration the author provides for each of the five essentials oils mentioned is evidence that he/she explains how essential oils can be used to detoxify the body.

answer: Essential oils can be incredibly beneficial for your health and well-being, especially during cold and flu season. Five essential oils that can help boost your immunity are lemon, thieves, peppermint, lavender, and valor.

answer: Essential oils are to a plant as what blood is to an animal. They carry nutrients, oxygen and life giving energy to all areas of a plant, just as our blood does for us.

text: "They carry nutrients, oxygen and life giving energy to all areas of a plant, just as our blood does for us." can be omitted.

refinement: Essential oils are to a plant as what blood is to an animal.

text: It is omitted that essential oils help in detoxifying the body.

refinement: Essential oils are to a plant as what blood is to an animal. They help us in detoxifying our bodies.


text:
Doing the Dishes

With a sigh you look over at the mountain of distress that has accumulated in the kitchen sink. You did your best to only use paper plates, plastic forks, and solo cups, but the need for the stronger sturdier supplies couldn’t be avoided.  Through the chaos of the week you were forced to use actual glasses, plates, and utensils.  It started innocent enough; a surprise dip that needed a home, a cake that needed to be cut with a solid knife.  Before long the cabinet floodgates opened with plate after plate, glass after glass with the silverware drawer aiding in the onslaught. They all joined together to accumulate germs, caked food, and farms of bacteria, eventually creating a fortress in the sink.  Something had to be done, though you wished it never had come to this.

You slide up your sleeves and approach the mountain of dirt, grime, and germs.  For a moment you think about all the mouths, hands, food, and saliva that lie in wait on those burdensome dishes.  You shake the thought and turn on the water.  It flows freely from its spout, slowly warming up to you as you busy yourself with the disinfectant, pouring it all over the mess that is before you.

The water builds its heat, and the plates are nearly fully lathered up in the cleansing liquid signaling the beginning of the purge.  With your mind on the upcoming offensive strike, a slight excitement builds as you take out the brillo pad and charge into battle.  The plates don’t even put up a fight as the caked food bleeds away at your hand.  The caked residue flows freely off the plates, disappearing into the black hole that drains the sink.  Their grimy armor gives way to their shiny skin, soon finding a new home on the dishwasher rack.  As the battle rages with the plates and pans, they slowly reveal the frontline soldiers; the forks, spoons and knives.  However, they must wait their turn as the glasses continue to stand tall, rebelling against your wishes.

Without hesitation you pierce the glasses with your wiry weapon and scrape away the liquid that’s settled in side.  The glasses fall quickly, with the silverware soldiers lying in wait.  You grab the dishcloth, and begin wrapping them and stripping them of their infected skin, wiping them clean as you before tossing them into the dishwasher for the second cleansing.  The soldiers put up a fight, for each one needs to be dealt with individually.  It doesn’t matter - you are relentless, and once the last one is discarded you see one last rebellion, one last fight that you must win.

The drain is being held up by rebellious leftover food particles, leaving a pool of warm water that continues to grow.  A sly smile grows upon your lips as your hand reaches over to a switch that is close by.  Your finger flips up device and the drain begins to roar, slicing up and destroying anything that gets in its way.  You can almost hear the tiny bacterial screams and the food gives way quickly, and the water that was once held up flows freely down the sink.

With your primary offense successful, you look over to the dishwasher who holds a look of determination.  You feed the device its cleaning substance, and then close it. The dishes inside are worn and tired, unaware of the second purge that awaits them.  Confidently you turn the knob, and as you hear the water rushing towards the machine, you wipe your hands clean and relish in satisfaction of another successful battle against the dishes.

Though the battle was won, the war will never end.

title: [AA] Doing the Dishes (619)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the passage say about the narrator's preference for plastic dishes?

answer: The writer gives the impression that the protagonist is opposed to the chore of doing the dishes. This is primarily because of the burden of washing glassware utensils. At a point, the protagonist contemplated using plastic plates to save themselves the stress of washing glassware kitchen utensils and maintaining a neat sink.

text: The protagonist does not just contemplate using plastic utensils, they end up using them until they realize that it is not possible to maintain that level of usage.

refinement: The writer gives the impression that the protagonist is opposed to the chore of doing the dishes. This is primarily because of the burden of washing glassware utensils. The protagonist uses plastic plates and utensils to save themselves the stress of washing glassware kitchen utensils.

answer: The narrator wants to use paper plates, plastic forks, and solo cups, but is forced to use actual glasses, plates, and utensils. The narrator prefers to use only plastic containers and cutlery, since they are sturdier, stronger and feel safer. Plastic is also less likely to shatter and cut the hands when cleaning.

text: The response says that plastic containers and utensils are more sturdy, but according to the passage, this is false. The protagonist prefers to use plastic utensils and containers because they do not require washing and can just be disposed of.

refinement: The narrator wants to use paper plates, plastic forks, and solo cups, but is forced to use actual glasses, plates, and utensils. The narrator prefers to use only plastic containers and cutlery because they do not require cleaning and can be disposed of after being used.

text: The response should be more specific about why the protagonist is forced to use actual, reusable utensils.

refinement: The narrator wants to use paper plates, plastic forks, and solo cups, but is forced to use actual glasses, plates, and utensils because certain food items they ate required the use of sturdier equipment. The narrator prefers to use only plastic containers and cutlery because they do not require cleaning and can be disposed of after being used.

answer: No answer

text: The passage does clearly say something about the narrator's preference for plastic dishes.

refinement: The narrator prefers to use plastic cutlery and containers, as they require no cleanup and can be disposed of immediately. However, over the course of the week, the narrator is forced to use sturdier, washable utensils and containers, as the plastic equipment simply could not withstand the narrator's necessary tasks.

answer: The narrator prefers to use plastic dishes as much as possible in order to avoid such a large amount of dirty dishes.

text: The response could be more specific about why they end up using regular dishes over the course of the week.

refinement: The narrator prefers to use plastic dishes as much as possible in order to avoid such a large amount of dirty dishes. However, over the course of the week, the narrator realizes they cannot avoid using proper silverware and dishes, and abandons plastic dishes.

answer: The narrator prefers to use paper plates, plastic utensils, and solo cups whenever possible because of the reduced amount of bacteria that accumulates when those types of dishes are employed. Though the temptation is great to use "stronger sturdier supplies," the narrator realizes that paper products just can't stand up against the larger messes and dangers that are produced when glassware and cutlery are used. Instead, the narrator prefers not to open the proverbial floodgates of bacteria and germs in the kitchen sink by embracing the less-dirty paper products.

text: The reason that the narrator likes to use paper utensils and dishes is not because of the reduced amount of bacteria, but because they don't need to be washed, unlink regular dishes and utensils.

refinement: The narrator prefers to use paper plates, plastic utensils, and solo cups whenever possible because they do not require cleaning and can be disposed of after use. Though the temptation is great to use "stronger sturdier supplies," the narrator realizes that paper products just can't stand up against the larger messes and dangers that are produced when glassware and cutlery are used. Instead, the narrator prefers not to open the proverbial floodgates of bacteria and germs in the kitchen sink by embracing the less-dirty paper products.

text: The narrator actually switches over to using regular utensils and does not continue using paper utensils because the paper ones are not sturdy enough to deal with many of the tasks that the narrator needs to accomplish.

refinement: The narrator prefers to use paper plates, plastic utensils, and solo cups whenever possible because they do not require cleaning and can be disposed of after use. However, the narrator ends up having to use studier utensils and dishes because the plastic utensils and dishes could not accomplish tasks that needed to be done. Instead, the narrator prefers not to open the proverbial floodgates of bacteria and germs in the kitchen sink by embracing the less-dirty paper products.

text: The narrator does not end up embracing the non-paper products.

refinement: The narrator prefers to use paper plates, plastic utensils, and solo cups whenever possible because they do not require cleaning and can be disposed of after use. However, the narrator ends up having to use studier utensils and dishes because the plastic utensils and dishes could not accomplish tasks that needed to be done. Over the course of the week, the narrator slowly stops using the plastic dishes and utensils in favor of washable ones.


text: Recently I've been thinking about our first night together. You would say, "No. Our second night in Florida." Whatever, it's still the same. I remember you asking for a cuddling partner, and me and John, trying to be funny sandwiched you. Then John, always trying to be funny, got up and cuddle with Leanna. They fell asleep, but we stayed awake for hours just cuddling. I've been thinking about how warm your body was, how you breathe through your mouth, the fruity smell of your hair that I could never get enough of and how your hair would always end up in my mouth. It didn't taste as good as it smelled. I've been thinking about how close we were. Our lips mere millimeters away. I was too scared to do anything. I thought it wasn't my place to do anything considering you had a boyfriend. I wasn't even sure you new what was happening because I know I had no idea. Then our lips touched. You pressed your lips against mine. We started making out and I thought, "Holly shit, this is actually happening." We continued to make out and somehow we managed to wake up John: "Could you guys be any louder?" He must be a light sleeper. He went back to our room and we went back to cuddling. You fell asleep and eventually so did I. Then next morning I woke up with you and realized it wasn't just another dream. That's where the confusion started.

title: Dear Erin,

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is the narrator?

answer: It appears he is someone who is madly in love with Erin.

text: "It appears he is someone who is madly in love with Erin." - is only partly correct because the narrator isn't named. Revise the answer.

refinement: The unnamed narrator is someone who is madly in love with Erin.

answer: The narrator is the person who spent the night cuddling with the other person.

text: "The narrator is the person who spent the night cuddling with the other person." - is only partly correct because the narrator isn't named. Revise the answer.

refinement: The unnamed narrator is the person who spent the night cuddling with the other person.

text: "cuddling with the other person." - this person should be named because their friend, John, also cuddled with Leanna.

refinement: The unnamed narrator is the person who spent the night cuddling with Erin.

answer: The narrator is not described.

answer: The narrator is the person who cuddled with Erin that first night.

text: "The narrator is the person who cuddled with Erin that first night." - is only partly correct because the narrator isn't named. Revise the answer.

refinement: The unnamed narrator is the person who cuddled with Erin that first night.

answer: That information can't be found

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the narrator's relationship with Erin?

answer: They are friends.

answer: The narrator is a friend of John and has an intimate relationship with Erin.

text: "The narrator is a friend of John and has an intimate relationship with Erin." - John is irrelevant to the question and the narrator doesn't have an intimate relationship with Erin - they're just friends who had an intimate moment. Revise the answer.

refinement: The narrator and Erin are friends who had a brief, intimate moment.

answer: The narrator is not dating Erin.

text: "The narrator is not dating Erin." - this is not the appropriate answer. The narrator and Erin are just friends.

answer: The narrator has a romantic relationship with Erin.

text: "The narrator has a romantic relationship with Erin." - he doesn't have a romantic relationship with Erin because she has a boyfriend and he didn't even know what to do when they were cuddling.

refinement: The narrator and Erin are friends who had a brief, intimate moment.

answer: The narrator and Erin have a romantic relationship.

text: "The narrator and Erin have a romantic relationship." - is incorrect. He doesn't have a romantic relationship with Erin because she has a boyfriend and he didn't even know what to do when they were cuddling.

refinement: The narrator and Erin are friends who had a brief, intimate moment.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe Erin.

answer: Erin is the girl the narrator fell in love with and slept with. She intrigued the narrator with her warm breath, fruity scent, and close proximity.

text: "Erin is the girl the narrator fell in love with and slept with. She intrigued the narrator with her warm breath, fruity scent, and close proximity." - is inaccurate. Erin didn't sleep with the narrator - they just cuddled and fell asleep together. It was her body that was warm and she breathed through her mouth. The narrator started thinking about these things, he wasn't "intrigued" by them.

refinement: Erin is the girl the narrator cuddled with. Her hair has a fruity scent that doesn't taste as good as it smells. She has a boyfriend.

answer: Erin is a romantic individual with great sensuality. She is caring towards others and enjoys connecting with others intimately. Erin loves to explore new experiences and she is brave enough to take risks despite her insecurities. Despite her prior relationship, Erin is open to new possibilities. Her spontaneity and bravery reflect her openness mindedness and daring spirit.

text: "Erin is a romantic individual with great sensuality. She is caring towards others and enjoys connecting with others intimately. Erin loves to explore new experiences and she is brave enough to take risks despite her insecurities. Despite her prior relationship, Erin is open to new possibilities. Her spontaneity and bravery reflect her openness mindedness and daring spirit." - this is all speculative fiction and not based on facts from the story. Needs to be revised.

refinement: Erin is the girl the narrator cuddled with. Her hair has a fruity scent that doesn't taste as good as it smells. She has a boyfriend.

answer: Narrator describes her to be pleasant in smell and taste, fruity-smelling hair that would end up in his mouth often.

text: "Narrator" - add "The"

refinement: The narrator describes her to be pleasant in smell and taste, fruity-smelling hair that would end up in his mouth often.

text: "The narrator describes her to be pleasant in smell and taste," - this sounds wrong. Also, the narrator never tasted Erin, only her hair, which didn't taste good at all. Revise the answer.

refinement: Erin has fruity-smelling hair that would end up in the narrator's mouth often.

answer: Erin is adventurous and bold, yet also sweet and innocent. She enjoys companionship and takes risks in her relationships. She is caring and considerate and knows what she likes.

text: "Erin is adventurous and bold, yet also sweet and innocent. She enjoys companionship and takes risks in her relationships. She is caring and considerate and knows what she likes." - this is all speculative fiction and not based on facts from the story. Needs to be revised.

refinement: Erin is the girl the narrator cuddled with. Her hair has a fruity scent that doesn't taste as good as it smells. She has a boyfriend.

answer: Erin has a warm body. Her hair has a fruit smell. She breathes through her mouth.

text: "fruit" - chnage to "fruity"

refinement: Erin has a warm body. Her hair has a fruity smell. She breathes through her mouth.

text: "Erin has a warm body. She breathes through her mouth." - these need to be rewritten to better fit Erin's description.

refinement: Her hair has a fruity smell. The narrator can't stop thinking about how warm Erin's body was and how she breathes through her mouth.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is John?

answer: John is the roommate with whom the narrator and the main character shared a bed when the main character asked for a cuddling partner.

answer: John is a friend of the narrator's. He seems to be dating Leanna.

text: "He seems to be dating Leanna." - is speculative and can be deleted.

answer: Probably a member of staff in the hotel.

text: "Probably a member of staff in the hotel." - there is no mention of a hotel anywhere in the story. Needs a complete rewrite.

refinement: John was with the narrator when he cuddled with Erin. John eventually cuddled with Leanna.

answer: John is a friend of the author.

answer: This information is not available.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: The narrator writes a letter to Erin, reflecting on their first night together, which they spend cuddling and making out. He states that the confusion began the morning after.

answer: The author reminisces about the night they first hooked up with their now significant other. They remember how excited and scared they were, as well as how warm and close they were. They fondly remember kissing and falling asleep next to their S/O.

text: "The author reminisces about the night they first hooked up with their now significant other." - this is incorrect. they are not each other's significant other -they just cuddled and made out. A complete rewrite is needed.

refinement:
The narrator writes to Erin that he's been thinking about their night in Florida.
They remember how excited and scared they were, as well as how warm and close they were.
They fondly remember kissing and falling asleep next to their S/O.

text: "They remember how excited and scared they were, as well as how warm and close they were." - this is inaccurate. The story is one-sided, from the POV of the narrator, not the both of them. He is writing to Erin.

refinement:
The narrator writes to Erin that he's been thinking about their night in Florida.
He tells her that he can't stop thinking about her warm body, fruity-smelling hair, how she breathes through her mouth, the kiss they shared, and the confusion that came after waking up the next day.
They fondly remember kissing and falling asleep next to their S/O.

text: Went over the 2-sentence summary requirement. Delete the last sentence since it is incorrect anyway (they did not sleep next to their S/O)

refinement:
The narrator writes to Erin that he's been thinking about their night in Florida.
He tells her that he can't stop thinking about her warm body, fruity-smelling hair, how she breathes through her mouth, the kiss they shared, and the confusion that came after waking up the next day.

answer: This person reminisces about their first night together, reflecting on how their closeness made them nervous but they intimately kissed anyway.

text: "This person reminisces about their first night together" - should specify Erin and the narrator writing her a letter. Rewrite the answer to reflect this.

refinement: The narrator writes a letter to Erin, reminiscing about their first night together, reflecting on how their closeness made them nervous but they intimately kissed anyway.

text: Did not meet the 2-sentence summary requirement. Add one more sentence. Split the existing sentence.

refinement: The narrator writes a letter to Erin, reminiscing about their first night together. He reflects on how their closeness made them nervous but they intimately kissed anyway.

answer: This is a recollection of the narrator's first sexual experience. They had accidentally but undeniably dry humped with his then-girlfriend's sleeping friend then fell asleep—only to wake up next to her the next morning, having no memory of the night before.

text: "This is a recollection of the narrator's first sexual experience." - this is incorrect. The narrator and Erin never had sex. A complete overhaul is needed.

refinement: The narrator writes a letter to Erin, reminiscing about their first night together. They had accidentally but undeniably dry humped with his then-girlfriend's sleeping friend then fell asleep—only to wake up next to her the next morning, having no memory of the night before.

text: "They had accidentally but undeniably dry humped with his then-girlfriend's sleeping friend then fell asleep—only to wake up next to her the next morning, having no memory of the night before." - this never happened and must be rewritten.

refinement: The narrator writes a letter to Erin, reminiscing about their first night together. He tells her that he can't stop thinking about her warm body, fruity-smelling hair, how she breathes through her mouth, the kiss they shared, and the confusion that came after waking up the next day.

answer: The narrator writes a letter recalling their first night together with a person they desired. Everyone had fallen asleep, and the narrator ended up waking up next to their object of affection the following morning.

text: "The narrator writes a letter recalling their first night together with a person they desired. Everyone had fallen asleep, and the narrator ended up waking up next to their object of affection the following morning." - must mention Erin. Delete all references to "a person they desired" and "the object of affection" and just use "Erin" to simplify the sentence.

refinement: The narrator writes a letter to Erin recalling their first night together. Everyone had fallen asleep, and the narrator ended up waking up next to Erin the following morning.


text:
The missing machine gun that triggered the firing of a security forces chief at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota, in May turned up in what’s probably the last place the Air Force wanted it to: stashed in an airman’s home off-base.

-   Minot officials announced on Wednesday that the machine gun had been recovered by Air Force Office of Special Investigation agents after obtaining a federal search warrant for the unnamed airman’s residence on June 19.
-   The machine gun was discovered missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces on May 16, just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle.
-   Security forces chief Col. Jason Beers was fired on May 23 “due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events under the scope of his leadership, including a recent loss of ammunition and weapons,” a 5th Bomb Wing news release said at the time. Beers landed new job at Air Force Special Operations Command just a few weeks later.

The question remains: Why did this unnamed airman steal an M240 in the first place? Was he just some dumb kid, bored as hell with his posting at Minot and in search of some recreational fun? Or a budding arms trafficker or killer? It’s not clear, but either way, it’s not a great look for anyone involved.

__
Read the original article on Task & Purpose. Copyright 2018. Follow Task & Purpose on Twitter.

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question: Where did the incident occur?

answer: The incident occurred at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota.

answer: Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota.

answer: The incident occurred at Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota.

answer: Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota.

question: What was the incident?

answer: The incident was the discovery of the machine gun missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces on May 16.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: The incident was the discovery of the machine gun missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces on May 16, just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle.

answer: The machine gun was discovered missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces on May 16.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: The machine gun was discovered missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces on May 16, just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle.

answer: A machine gun went missing, and turned up at an airman's home off-base.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: A machine gun went missing, and turned up at an airman's home off-base, just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle.

answer: The incident was the theft of a machine gun from Minot Air Force Base.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: The incident was the theft of a machine gun from Minot Air Force Base, just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle.

question: When did the incident occur?

answer: The machine gun was discovered missing on May 16, 2018.

answer: The incident occurred in May.

text: Incomplete date.

answer: The incident occurred on May 16.

text: Incomplete date.

answer: May 16, 2018

question: Why was Col. Jason Beers fired?

answer: Col. Jason Beers was fired due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events under the scope of his leadership, including a recent loss of ammunition and weapons.

answer: Col. Jason Beers was fired due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events, including the loss of a machine gun and ammunition.

answer: He was fired due to a "lack of trust and confidence". Previous incidents   under his leadership that lead to his dismissal included loss of ammunition and weapons.

answer: He was fired due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events under the scope of his leadership, including a recent loss of ammunition and weapons.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: A machine gun went missing from Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota. Later it turned up at an airman's home off-base. The incident led to the Security forces chief, Col Jason Beers to be fired.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: A machine gun went missing from Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle. Later it turned up at an airman's home off-base. The incident led to the Security forces chief, Col Jason Beers to be fired.

answer: The article discusses the discovery of a missing machine gun at Minot Air Force Base. The machine gun was discovered missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces. The machine gun was discovered in an airman's home off-base.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: The article discusses the discovery of a missing machine gun at Minot Air Force Base just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle. The machine gun was discovered missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces. The machine gun was discovered in an airman's home off-base.

text: Doesn't mention Chief Col. Beers being fired.

refinement: The article discusses the discovery of a missing machine gun at Minot Air Force Base just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle. The machine gun was discovered missing during a standard weapons inventory by the 91st Missile Wing security forces. The machine gun was discovered in an airman's home off-base. Chief Col. Jason Beers was fired on May 23 “due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events under the scope of his leadership

answer: The missing machine gun that caused the firing of a security forces chief at Minot Air Force Base in May was recently found in an airman's home off-base. It is not yet known why the airman stole the weapon, but it is not a good look for anyone involved.

text: Doesn't mention the missing grenades.

refinement: The missing machine gun that caused the firing of a security forces chief at Minot Air Force Base in May was recently found in an airman's home off-base just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle.. It is not yet known why the airman stole the weapon, but it is not a good look for anyone involved.

text: Doesn't mention chief Col. Beers' firing.

refinement: The missing machine gun that caused the firing of a security forces chief at Minot Air Force Base in May was recently found in an airman's home off-base just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle. It is not yet known why the airman stole the weapon, but it is not a good look for anyone involved.Security forces chief Col. Jason Beers was fired on May 23 “due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events under the scope of his leadership, including a recent loss of ammunition and weapons.”

text: Doesn't mention the missing rifle, grenades, or Col. Beers' firing.

refinement: The missing machine gun that caused the firing of a security forces chief at Minot Air Force Base in May was recently found in an airman's home off-base just about two weeks after airmen with the same unit reportedly lost a box of MK 19 grenades out of the back of a moving vehicle. It is not yet known why the airman stole the weapon, but it is not a good look for anyone involved. Security forces chief Col. Jason Beers was fired on May 23 “due to a loss of trust and confidence after a series of events under the scope of his leadership, including a recent loss of ammunition and weapons.”


text:
MADHU KAMBIKAR is an Indian performing folk art artist, theatre actor and film and TV personality,[1] who belongs to the state of Maharashtra.[2][3][4][5][6]

Personal life

She was born in Malegaon, a village in Beed district, 28 July 1953 in the Kolhati community.[7] She dropped out of school and used to follow her father himself a performing artist to shows. She herself became a performer at a very young age. She is the aunt of the late Kishor Shantabai Kale.[8]

On 27 November 2016, she collapsed on stage during a lavani-tamasha performance at Yashwant Natya Mandir, Matunga and became unconscicous, she has been hospitalised and her condition was reported to be serious but that she was responding to treatment.[9]

Folk and contemporary theatre

She acted in about a dozen folk plays, notable amongst them being;[10][11][12]

-   Dadu Indurikar's “_Gadhavacha lagna_”
-   Shankar Patil's “_Bhangadishivay pudhari nah_i”
-   Ashok Paranjape's “_Ude ga Ambe ude_”
-   Vasant Sabnis' “_Viccha mazi puri kara_”
-   Atmaram Sawant's “_Mujra ghya sarkar_”
-   Ashok Patole/ Suyog's “_Kashi me rahu tashich_”
-   Her own “_Sakhi mazi lavani_” directed by Upendra Limaye

She has acted in 22–25 contemporary plays, amongst them are:[13][14]

-   _Tumcha amcha sem asta_
-   _Vastraharan_
-   Putrakameshti
-   Paying guest
-   _Ajab nyaya vartulacha_

Selected filmography

She has acted in over a hundred films, amongst them are:[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]

-   _Shapit_
-   _Mukta_
-   _Doghi_
-   _Sangharsh jeevanacha_
-   _Dombari_
-   _Ek hota vidushak_
-   Zapatlela
-   Zapatlela 2
-   _Debu_
-   _Yeu ka gharat_
-   _Mala gheun chala_
-   _Satichi punyayi_
-   _Laxmi_
-   _Raghu maina_
-   _Chal re Lakshya Mumbai la_
-   _Rikshavali_
-   _Mazi chakuli_
-   _Raosaheb_
-   _Mumbaicha dabewala_
-   _Balagandharva_
-   Bin kamacha navara
-   Aaj zale mukta me

Accolades

-   Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress[25]
-   Natvarya Keshavrao Date Puraskar[26]
-   Chairperson of the 2013 Mahila Lokakala Sammelan, Nagpur[27]
-   Lokashahir Patthe Bapurao Puraskar[28]
-   Maharshi Shankarrao Mohite-Patil Lavani Kalavant Puraskar 2007
-   Zee Chitra Gaurav Life Time Achievement Award 2018

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

title: Madhu Kambikar

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why did Madhu Kambikar collapse on stage?

answer: It is not stated in the article, but it is described as a "lavani-tamasha" performance.

text: The dance form that she was performing is called a lavani-tamasha.

refinement: It is not stated in the article, but the dance form that she was performing is described as a "lavani-tamasha" performance.

answer: Because she collapsed on stage.

text: This information is not mentioned in the text.

refinement: This information is not mentioned but it was reported that she was hospitalized and her condition was serious.

answer: Madhu Kambikar collapsed on stage due to an illness.

text: There is no evidence in the text stating why she collapsed.

refinement: This information is not provided in the text but it seems like she may be suffering from an illness.

answer: According to the passage, Madhu Kambikar collapsed on stage during a lavani-tamasha performance at Yashwant Natya Mandir in Matunga on 27 November 2016. Her condition at the time was reported to be serious but she was responding to treatment. Her collapse is likely due to exhaustion as she has acted in over a hundred films and over two dozen theatre productions.

text: It is omitted that this information is not provided in the text.

refinement: According to the passage, Madhu Kambikar collapsed on stage during a lavani-tamasha performance at Yashwant Natya Mandir in Matunga on 27 November 2016. Her condition at the time was reported to be serious but she was responding to treatment. Why she collapsed is not mentioned in the text but it is likely due to exhaustion as she has acted in over a hundred films and over two dozen theatre productions.

answer: The reason isn't mentioned in the article.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How old was she when she started to perform on stage?

answer: The article says because she was born in 1953 she had to have started performing on stage at an early age.

answer: She was approximately 13 when she started performing.

text: There is no evidence stating at what age she started performing.

refinement: The passage only states that she started performing at a very young age.

answer: MADHU KAMBIKAR was born 28 July 1953. She started performing at a very young age.

answer: That information can't be found.

answer: It's not specified except to say she was very young.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize Madhu Kambikar's career achievements.

answer: Madhu Kambikar is an Indian performing folk art artist, theatre actor, and film and TV personality. She is noted for her work in over a hundred films, folk plays, and contemporary theatre. In addition, she has received accolades including the Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress and the Lokashahir Patthe Bapurao Puraskar.

answer: She acted in a dozen folk plays, about 25 contemporary plays, and over 100 films. She received several awards during her career.

answer:
- Acting in over a hundred films
- Unnominated for the Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress
- Chairperson of the 2013 Mahila Lokakala Sammelan's
- Enshrined in the list of the Zee Chitra Gaurav Life Time Achievement Award 2018

text: There is no evidence that she was "unnominated" for the Hansa Wadkar Special Award.

refinement:
- Acting in over a hundred films
- Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress
- Chairperson of the 2013 Mahila Lokakala Sammelan's
- Enshrined in the list of the Zee Chitra Gaurav Life Time Achievement Award 2018

answer: She has appeared in over a hundred films and twenty-five contemporary plays. She received several awards over her career, including the Nakshatra Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress in 2000, the Chairperson of the 2013 Mahila Lokakala Sammelan, Nagpur post, and the Maharshi Shankarrao Mohite-Patil Lavani Kalavant Puraskar in 2007.

text: It is incorrectly stated that she won the Nakshatra Wadkar Special Award in 2000. Such an award does not exist and the passage does not specify the year.

refinement: She has appeared in over a hundred films and twenty-five contemporary plays. She received several awards over her career, including the Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress, the Chairperson of the 2013 Mahila Lokakala Sammelan, Nagpur post, and the Maharshi Shankarrao Mohite-Patil Lavani Kalavant Puraskar in 2007.

answer: Madhu Kambikar is an Indian performing folk art artist and theatre actor. She has acted in over a hundred films and in 22–25 contemporary plays. She is also a recipient of several accolades, including the Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress, The Natvarya Keshavrao Date Puraskar, and the Maharshi Shankarrao Mohite-Patil Lavani Kalavant Puraskar.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Did she recover after collapsing on the stage?

answer: She must have. She collapsed in 2016 but won the Zee Chitra Gaurav Life Time Achievement Award in 2018.

answer: That information is not included in the article.

text: The passage mentions that she won an award in 2018 and she collapsed in 2016, which means she recovered.

refinement: That information is not included in the article, but the article states that she won an award an 2018 which means she did recover.

answer: The article does not mention whether Madhu Kambikar has recovered from her collapse on stage.

text: The article states that she won an award in 2018, which means that she did recover.

refinement: The article does not mention whether Madhu Kambikar has recovered from her collapse on stage, but the article states that she won an award in 2018, which means that she did recover.

answer: According to the legend, there's no more information about it.

text: It is incorrectly stated that the text is a "legend"

refinement: According to the text, there's no more information about it.

answer: No, she is still in hospital and her condition is serious.

text: This information is not provided in the text.

refinement: This information is not provided in the text.

question: Write a ~5 sentence summary.

answer: Madhu Kambikar is an Indian folk artist, theatre and film actor, and TV personality. She was born in 1953, and she used to follow her father, who was also an artist, to shows instead of going to school. She started to perform at a very young age. She acted in a dozen folk plays, about 25 contemporary plays, and over 100 films. She received several awards during her career.

answer:
Madhu Kambikar is a folk and contemporary theatre actress, artist, and a film and TV personality. She is known for her roles in films such as Shangit, Tumcha amcha mem asta, Bin kamacha navara, and Dombari.

She was born in Malegaon, Maharashtra in 1953.

In January 2015, she collapsed on the stage and was hospitalized. She also won a Zee Chitra Gaurav Life-Time Achievement Award in 2018.

text: It is incorrect that she collapsed in January 2015.

refinement:
Madhu Kambikar is a folk and contemporary theatre actress, artist, and a film and TV personality. She is known for her roles in films such as Shangit, Tumcha amcha mem asta, Bin kamacha navara, and Dombari.

She was born in Malegaon, Maharashtra in 1953.

In November 2016, she collapsed on the stage and was hospitalized. She also won a Zee Chitra Gaurav Life-Time Achievement Award in 2018.

answer: MADHU KAMBIKAR is an Indian performing folk artist and theatre actor. She was born 28 July 1953. She has acted in more than 100 films. She is known for her roles in folk as well as contemporary theatre. She has won several accolades, including a Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress and Lokashahir Patthe Bapurao Puraskar.

answer: MADHU KAMBIKAR is a popular Indian folk art artist, theatre actor, and film and TV personality. She was born in 1953 in Malegaon and dropped out of school as a child to follow her father to performances. She has acted in both folk and contemporary theatre, and in over one hundred films. She has received many accolades for her acting, including the Hansa Wadkar Special Award for Best Actress and the Maharshi Shankarrao Mohite-Patil Lavani Kalavant Puraskar.

answer: Madhu Kambikar is an Indian performing folk art artist, theatre actor and film and TV personality, who belongs to the state of Maharashtra. Her personal life was spent in pursuit of her father, a consistent performer, and she participated in the shows from the young age of 3. She she received several awards in various categories such as Hansa Wadkar for best actress, Mahri Shankar Raosaheb Lavani Puraskar in 2007 for her efforts in theatre, and Lokashahir Patthe Bapurao Puraskar for her contributions to theatre arts. Kambikar collapsed, unconscious, off the stage during a performance. but was responsive to treatment and recovered soon afterward.

text: There is no evidence that she started performing at the age of 3.

refinement: Madhu Kambikar is an Indian performing folk art artist, theatre actor and film and TV personality, who belongs to the state of Maharashtra. Her personal life was spent in pursuit of her father, a consistent performer, and she participated in the shows from a very young age. She she received several awards in various categories such as Hansa Wadkar for best actress, Mahri Shankar Raosaheb Lavani Puraskar in 2007 for her efforts in theatre, and Lokashahir Patthe Bapurao Puraskar for her contributions to theatre arts. Kambikar collapsed, unconscious, off the stage during a performance. but was responsive to treatment and recovered soon afterward.


text:
ERODE VENKATTA NAICKER KRISHNASAMY SAMPATH( - 23 February 1977), usually referred to as _E. V. K. Sampath_ was a prominent politician from Tamil Nadu, India. He was an advocate of the Dravidian Movement of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and was considered by some as his political heir.[1] He later split from Periyar's Dravidar Kazhagam to form Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) along with C. N. Annadurai.[2] In spite of being one of the founders of DMK[3] he later left and formed his own party, by the name, Tamil National party. Nevertheless, he later merged his party with the Indian National Congress.[4] He is a former Member of Parliament from the constituency of Namakkal[5]

He belonged to a politically active family. He was nephew of Periyar and his father was an active politician himself. He is also the father of other prominent politicians of Tamil Nadu, namely, E. V. K. S. Elangovan and Iniyan Sampath and his wife Sulochana Sampath too was in active politics, holding high ranks within the Tamil Nadu government.[6]

Family

Sampath was born in the town of Erode, Madras Presidency as the son of E. V. Krishnasamy, the elder brother of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy in 1926. His family belongs to Balija naidu/naicker social group. Krishnasamy had extended extensive support to Periyar in his struggle for self-respect and social justice, and was one of the publishers of the journal Kudiarasu (Republic), the party organ for Justice party.[7]

In the year 1946 Sampath married Sulochana the daughter of Thirupathur G. Samy Naidu who was one of the pillars of the Justice party. Much later in life Sulochana Sampath held various high positions in the Tamil Nadu State Government including member of social welfare board, syndicate member of Annamalai University, Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board, Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation, Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Text Book Society and Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Small Scale Industries Development Corporation. Sulochana was the organisation secretary of All India All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and an AIADMK veteran for several years.[8] She died in June 2015, aged 86.[9][10]

Entry into politics

He was attracted to Periyar's self-respect movement since early days of his life.[11] The movement aimed at achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights,[12] and encouraging backward castes to have self-respect in the context of a caste based society that considered them to be a lower end of the hierarchy.[13] As a student of the Intermediate Course in Pachaiyappa's College in Chennai, he participated in the programmes and agitations of DK. In the year 1944 he was declared as the Commander-in-chief of the _Black Shirt Brigade_ of Periyar's movement.[14]

In DMK

In 1949, he along with Annadurai split from the DK and formed their own party DMK.[15] The breakaway is attributed to the marriage of Periyar to a lady much younger.[16] The DMK picked up the Tamil Nationalistic ideologies from its parent organisation but upheld the principles of democratic party organisation.[17] In the inaugural function they had kept one empty chair on the head of the dais for Periyar, saying that he was their permanent leader.[18] However, faced with the reality of an independent India setting in motion the democratic process under a new Constitution, DMK preferred to keep the separatist issue on the backburner.[19]

Breakaway from DMK

In 1961 along with Tamil poet Kannadasan and Pazha Nedumaran he found a new party Tamil National Party.[20] The break away is variably attributed to be caused by personal difference that arose because of ascendency of M. Karunanidhi in the party [21] and also to the differences in DMK's call for independent nation of Dravida Nadu.[22] Sampath’s ideologies varied from those of Annadurai. The latter preferred constitutional means in pursuing a Tamil state and was keen on contesting in elections for the same. Sampath found Annadurai too moderate and pressed for more radical policies, direct actions and militant methods. Moreover, Annadurai was politically inclined towards Rajagopalachari’s Swatantra Party, whereas Sampath was keen to ally with the Communist Party of India. [23] Later one more founder members of DMK, actor Sivaji Ganesan[24] would move to Sampath's TNP,[25] after his feud with the DMK leadership and calling it a _glamour party_.[26]

Merger into Congress

In 1964 Sampath, with invitation from Kamaraj merged his party with the Congress. Sampath later started Congress journals namely _Tamil Cheithi, Jayaberigai (Dailies) and Alaigal_ (Weekly), but incurred heavy financial losses. To ensure the victory of the Congress Parliament candidates in Tamil Nadu, Indira Gandhi entrusted the entire election responsibility in the hands of Sampath in the year 1977. Sampath was made secretary of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee and later appointed as the Vice-President of the TNCC. It was Sampath who translated the speeches made by Indira Gandhi into Tamil. Sampath donated his property, 'Jawahar Illam', at Erode, to be used as the Erode District Congress Committee headquarters. Till date the headquarters functions there. Sampath died on 23 February 1977.[27] A road in Vepery, Chennai and a government building complex in College Road, Chennai are named after him.[28][29]

[1]

[2] The DMK and the Politics of Tamil Nationalism - Robert Hardgrave

[3]

[4] Family background - Iniyan Sampath

[5] Members of second Lok Sabha.

[6]

[7]

[8] http://www.eenaduindia.com/states/south/tamil-nadu/chennai-city/2016/12/25194122/EVKS-Elangovans-brother-floats-new-party-named-after.vpf

[9] http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/veteran-aiadmk-leader-sulochana-sampath-passes-away/article7289217.ece

[10] http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Veteran-AIADMK-leader-Sulochana-Sampath-dead/articleshow/47570798.cms

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16] Periyar's movement - Counter currents

[17]

[18] Selective atheism of Karunanidhi - Organiser

[19] A history of agitational politics - Frontline

[20]

[21] Quo Vadis Karunanidhi? - Illankai Tamil Sangam

[22]

[23] .

[24]

[25] Sivaji Ganesan - Memorable

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

title: E. V. K. Sampath

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

According to the passage, what is E.V.K. Sampath's core political ideology?

answer: Sampath wanted to have an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

text: It's omitted that Sampath preferred more radical policies and direct actions in the quest of pursuing a Tamil state with Tamil Nationalistic ideologies.

refinement: Sampath wanted to have an independent nation of Dravida Nadu. Sampath preferred more radical policies and direct actions in the quest of pursuing a Tamil state with Tamil Nationalistic ideologies.

answer: To form the state of Dravida Nadu

text: It would be better to make this a complete sentence.

refinement: Sampath's ideologies were in forming the state of Dravida Nadu.

text: It's omitted that Sampath preferred more radical policies and direct actions in the quest of pursuing a Tamil state with Tamil Nationalistic ideologies.

refinement: Sampath's ideologies were in forming the state of Dravida Nadu. Sampath preferred more radical policies and direct actions in the quest of pursuing a Tamil state with Tamil Nationalistic ideologies.

answer: Sampath's core political ideology is pushing more radical policies and more militant methods of achieving the goal of a Tamil state.

text: It's omitted that Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

refinement: Sampath's core political ideology is pushing more radical policies and more militant methods of achieving the goal of a Tamil state. Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

text: It's omitted that Sampath had nationalist ideals.

refinement: Sampath's core political ideology is pushing more radical policies and more militant methods of achieving the goal of a Tamil state through nationalist ideals. Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

answer: Sampath's core political ideology is advocating for equal rights for backward castes and favoring more radical methods of pursuing a Tamil state.

text: It's not clear if advocating for equal rights for backward castes is a part of Sampath's core ideology, as it was just an aspect of Periyar's movement and also took place during Sampath's entry into politics. It would be better to omit this.

refinement: Sampath favored more radical methods of pursuing a Tamil state.

text: It's omitted that Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

refinement: Sampath favored more radical methods of pursuing a Tamil state. Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

text: It's omitted that Sampath had nationalist ideals.

refinement: Sampath favored more radical methods of pursuing a Tamil state through nationalist ideals. Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

answer:
E.V.K. Sampath is one of the prominent politicians in Tamil Nadu, India from the 1940s to the 70s. He was born into a politically active family and grew up to father other prominent politicians like Iniyal Sampath and E.V.K.S. Elangovan.

Sampath's main attraction to politics was through his uncle's self-respect movement. The movement's aim is to elevate the lower castes to have the same rights as that of the upper castes of the Indian society. This self-respect principle formed the main thrust of Sampath's political ambition. In the later days after he split from established parties to form his own, Sampath would gravitate towards communist ideals in which everyone has equal rights.

text: This isn't relevant to the question, as this is more biographical information rather than something about political ideology. This should be omitted.

refinement: Sampath's main attraction to politics was through his uncle's self-respect movement. The movement's aim is to elevate the lower castes to have the same rights as that of the upper castes of the Indian society. This self-respect principle formed the main thrust of Sampath's political ambition. In the later days after he split from established parties to form his own, Sampath would gravitate towards communist ideals in which everyone has equal rights.

text: Sampath's interest in the self respect movement was what got him into politics. The article does not say that it formed the main thrust of his political ambition. This should be omitted.

refinement: In the later days after he split from established parties to form his own, Sampath would gravitate towards communist ideals in which everyone has equal rights.

text: It's omitted that Sampath favored more radical methods of pursuing a Tamil state through nationalist ideals and that he also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu.

refinement: Sampath favored more radical methods of pursuing a Tamil state through nationalist ideals. Sampath also wished for the formation of an independent nation of Dravida Nadu. In the later days after he split from established parties to form his own, Sampath would gravitate towards communist ideals in which everyone has equal rights.


text:
The CHESAPEAKE LOGPERCH (_Percina bimaculata_) is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers.

Distribution

The Chesapeake logperch (_Percina bimaculata_) is located in the Northeast region of the United States. Historically, it is known for being located in the Chesapeake Bay watershed in the district of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.[1] This range included the lower Susquehanna River basin of Pennsylvania and Maryland, as well as the middle to lower Potomac River basin of Maryland, Virginia, and District of Columbia. However, the Chesapeake logperch's presence has not been recorded from the Potomac River basin since the 1930s and is currently found in the lower Susquehanna River basin as well as Winters Run and the North East River, which drain into the upper portion of the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland.[2]

Habitat

The Chesapeake logperch are freshwater, benthopelgic fish that live near gravel runs and riffles in clear, medium-sized rivers. Flowing pools associated with areas that contain large rocks and boulders are also likely habitats. All known collections have been observed in large river habitats or near the mouth of tributaries that drain into large rivers. Little is known about their reproductive habitats.[3]

Taxonomy

Formerly, the Chesapeake logperch was included in _Percina caprodes_, however, based on morphological and molecular data, Near (2008)[4] determined that it warrants recognition as a distinct species with limited global distribution restricted to the Chesapeake Bay watershed.[5] Currently, the Chesapeake logperch is defined under _Percina bimaculata_ and found under the class Actinopterygii, or ray-finned fishes. Genetic analyses of the Chesapeake logperch revealed multiple morphologically distinct characteristics from the common logperch. The Chesapeake logperch usually has the following combination of characteristics: 7 to 11 irregular lateral bars; orange-yellow band as well as spines located on the anterior dorsal fin (poorly defined in females), nape of adults naked, breast naked except for modified breast scales, supra occipital and preceptorial naked, and no preceptorial blotch. Their scales are generally harsh and rough to the feel, commonly known as having ctenoid scales. Located on the pelvic fin is one spine along with several fin rays which are positioned under the belly, back near the anus in the abdominal position.[6]

Research & Recovery

Currently, the Chesapeake logperch is classified as threatened by the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland due to its limited global distribution within only a small portion of its historical range. In 2019, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) funded a project led by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission (PFBC) to study the life history of the species and begin efforts to restore populations of Chesapeake logperch to previous native habitat where the fish are no longer present. As part of the project, adult brood stock were collected from several tributaries of the Susquehanna River and approximately 1,500 juvenile fish were cultured at laboratories at Conservation Fisheries, Inc. in Knoxville, Tennessee, and under the direction of Distinguished Professor of Ichthyology, Jay Stauffer, Jr., PhD at Penn State University in State College, Pennsylvania. On September 26, 2019, the PFBC along with project partners including the USFWS, Penn State University, Susquehanna River Basin Commission, Pennsylvania Biological Survey, Maryland Department of Natural Resources and Conservation Fisheries, Inc. successfully released 1,500 healthy Chesapeake Logperch juveniles into Chiques Creek, near Columbia, Lancaster County, PA. Future research will include surveys of the area to determine the survival of the introduced fish and gauge natural reproduction and recruitment.

Video

A VIDEO OF THE RESEARCH AND RECOVERY PROJECT WAS PRODUCED BY THE PENNSYLVANIA FISH AND BOAT COMMISSION AND CAN BE FOUND HERE.

[1] http://www.fishandboat.com/Resource/Documents/species-plan-chesapeake-logperch.pdf

[2] http://eol.org/pages/4578171/details

[3]

[4] Near, T. J. 2008. Rescued from synonymy: a redescription of Percina bimaculata Haldeman and a molecular phylogenetic analysis of logperch darters (Percidae: Etheostomatinae). Bull. Peabody Mus. Nat. Hist. 49:1–18.

[5]

[6]

title: Chesapeake logperch

question: Where can the Chesapeake logperch be found?

answer: The Chesapeake logperch can be found in the Chesapeake Bay watershed in the districts of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

text: district of Columbia, singular, not "districts", plural

refinement: The Chesapeake logperch can be found in the Chesapeake Bay watershed in the district of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

answer: The fish is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages in the Northeast region of the United States.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch can be found in the Northeast region of the United States.

text: could be more specific

refinement: The Chesapeake logperch can be found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages of the Northeast region of the United States.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch can be found in the Northeast region of the United States.

text: could be more specific

refinement: The Chesapeake logperch can be found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages of the Northeast region of the United States.

question: Which family does the logperch belong to?

answer: The logperch belongs to the Percidae family.

answer: The logperch belongs to the Percidae family, which also includes perches, ruffes, and pikeperches.

answer: The fish belongs to the family Percidae.

answer: The logperch belongs to the family Percidae.

question: Is the fish still present in the watershed?

answer: According to the passage, the Chesapeake logperch is currently only found in the lower Susquehanna River basin and Winters Run and the North East River, which drain into the upper portion of the Chesapeake Bay in Maryland. Therefore, it appears that the Chesapeake logperch is no longer present in the Potomac River basin.

answer: The fish is currently found in the lower Susquehanna River basin. It has not been seen in the Potomac River basin since the 1930s.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch is still present in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

answer: No, the fish is no longer present in the Potomac River basin.

text: While the fish is not present part of the watershed, it is still present in other parts

refinement: Yes, the fish is still present in the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

question: Describe the Chesapeake logperch.

answer: It is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers.

answer: The fish generally has seven to eleven irregular lateral bars; an orange-yellow band as well as spines on the anterior dorsal fin. Their scales are usually harsh and rough to feel.

text: only includes a physical description, not the other important details

refinement:
The Chesapeake logperch is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers.
The fish generally has seven to eleven irregular lateral bars; an orange-yellow band as well as spines on the anterior dorsal fin. Their scales are usually harsh and rough to feel.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch is a small freshwater fish found in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. They prefer clear, medium-sized rivers with gravel runs and riffles, and are currently classified as threatened due to their limited global distribution.

question: Write a ~7 sentence summary.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers. The Chesapeake logperch is currently threatened by the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland due to its limited global distribution within only a small portion of its historical range.

text: It is not threatened by the states -- it is classified as threatened by the states.

refinement: The Chesapeake logperch is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers. The Chesapeake logperch is currently classified as threatened by the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland due to its limited global distribution within only a small portion of its historical range.

answer:
The Chesapeake logperch is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes, and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers.

The Chesapeake logperch is located in the Northeast region of the United States. Historically, it is known for being located in the Chesapeake Bay watershed in the district of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia.

The Chesapeake logperch is a freshwater, benthopelgic fish that live near gravel runs and riffles in clear, medium-sized rivers. Flowing pools associated with areas that contain large rocks and boulders are also likely habitats. All known collections have been observed in large river habitats or near the mouth of tributaries that drain into large rivers. Little is known about their reproductive habitats.

The Chesapeake logperch is currently classified as threatened by the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland due to its limited global distribution within only a small portion of its historical range.

text: unnecessarily repetitive

refinement: The Chesapeake logperch is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes, and pikeperches. It is found in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. It prefers gravel runs and riffles of small to medium-sized rivers. The Chesapeake logperch is currently classified as threatened by the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland due to its limited global distribution within only a small portion of its historical range.

answer: The Chesapeake logperch is a small freshwater fish found in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. It prefers clear, medium-sized rivers with gravel runs and riffles, and is currently classified as threatened due to its limited global distribution. In 2019, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service funded a project to reintroduce the Chesapeake logperch to its native habitat, and 1,500 juveniles were successfully released into Chiques Creek in Pennsylvania.

answer:
Chesapeake logperch is a freshwater ray-finned fish. The fish is found only in the Chesapeake Bay drainages. They live near gravel runs and riffles in clear, medium-sized rivers. The logperch generally has 7 to 11 irregular lateral bars; an orange-yellow band as well as spines located on the anterior dorsal fin.

The fish is classified as threatened by the states of Pennsylvania and Maryland because of its limited global distribution. In 2019, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service along with Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission have begun efforts to restore the fish to its previously native habitat where it is not currently present.