text:
The Leaking Pipe

That bloody pipe had leaked again.

Amanda set down her basket of laundry and looked up at the perpetrator. It had to be one of two pipes which ran parallel across the ceiling of the garage, directly above this morning’s pool of water. Similar pools had been appearing in the same spot for several days now, and Amanda had had quite enough. Leaking pipes were an inconvenience the Harrison household could do without right now.

She had wanted to mention the problem to Neil, but these days he returned home from work so sad, that she had thought better of it. He had more important things to worry about than a splatter of water on the garage floor. So Amanda had set about solving the problem herself. The night before, when Neil had retired to bed, Amanda had taken several wads of cotton wool and taped them to the pipes’ joints. This simple test would determine the precise location of the leak.

But the wads of cotton wool were all dry.

Amanda prodded them all again, but they were still fluffy - they were all exactly as she had left them last night, and yet, the leak had negated the test and found its way to the water deposit on the floor. How strange.

She continued to the washing machine, an old thing located on the far side of the garage, and spared the leaking plumbing no further thought as her husband had himself got up and left for work.
The garage was built into the house, and had not been used to store a car in some time. The metal garage-door, painted a pale blue from the outside, hadn’t been opened in years, meaning the only entrance in constant use was the door at the back, which led to the rest of the house via a hallway at the base of the home’s staircase. Amanda only used the garage for the washing machine, which was a task performed each morning after her husband had departed for work.

It wasn’t until mid-morning, when the washing machine stopped churning, that Amanda pondered what to do next with her problem. Calling in a professional would be expensive, and she’d never shield the costs from Neil. He’d ask why she hadn’t just told him. There was Brian next door. A builder by trade but surely he would tighten a loose joint for them? She wondered if he was on a job this morning. It had to be worth a phone call.

“Thanks for coming over, Brian.”

“No problem, Love, sounds like a fairly routine job,”

Brian didn’t take off his shoes. The garage door to the driveway hadn’t been opened in such a long time but Amanda wondered if she should have made an exception as Brian trudged his muddy work boots through the living room. Such a house-proud lady, Amanda had quickly tidied the front rooms when Brian had agreed to come over, but it was only when they approached the hall at the foot of the stairs and laid her hand on the door to the garage that she realised what a tip it was.

“I must warn you, Brian, we’re due a bit of a clear-out in here.”

What was she saying? She’d been to her neighbours a couple of times and he wasn’t the tidiest of people - far from it. What would he care really? But she still winced as the door opened and the stack of boxes filled of items without an otherwise home came into view.

“These ones here?” he said. She nodded and he ran his hand along the lengths of both pipes.
How had she let the garage get this messy? There were boxes of old clothes she could take to Oxfam, Neil’s tools she’d seen him use once, and that dog basket… they could get rid of that now as well. It had belonged to a beautiful Alsatian.

“You say it leaks through the night, Amanda?”

“Most nights, yes.”

“It’s this pipe on the left here which runs water from the boiler to upstairs, the one next to it is for gas. You have a boiler upstairs don’t you?”

“I think so.”

“You do. Every time you draw a lot of water upstairs water runs through this pipe from the main tank over there. The reason it appears at night must be down to your own routine. Do you run a bath every night or something like that?”

“Sometimes.”

Amanda thought hard. Last night, when she’d put the cotton wool on the pipes, the floor was dry. Had she brushed her teeth before or after setting up the test? Yes, it was definitely before, she brushed hers then went whilst Neil was flossing. She used the downstairs bathroom this morning while the kettle was boiling. Perhaps Neil had used the bathroom during the night? She thought she would have heard him but then again that medication had made her such a deep sleeper. And all that still didn’t explain why the cotton wool was dry.

“It might not be leaking from the obvious joints, which is why your experiment didn’t work. Sometimes a leak can run along the pipes and drip down a few metres away from the hole. Though I must admit, you can normally tell straight away.”

“What about the heating, Brian? If we hadn’t used any water in the bathroom could the heating coming on this morning have caused it?”

Brian laughed, as if he found Amanda’s lack of central heating knowledge highly amusing. “The heating runs on a closed system separate to your upstairs water. You wouldn’t want that mucky stuff coming out of your taps let me tell you that.”

“Brian. I am sure we didn’t use any water last night after I’d checked the garage. But this morning there was a puddle on the floor.”

“Well, Amanda, if that’s true I can say with certainty that your puddle isn’t coming from these pipes.”

Drip! Drip! Drip!

Amanda dreamt of leaking pipes and puddles that night.

It was the sort of awake where a person was very tired, but knew they wouldn’t get back to sleep for hours. She shouldn’t have had that coffee so late last night. That was stupid.

She turned to cuddle her husband, but her hands only hit cold pillow.

He was probably in the bathroom. Amanda needed a glass of water. She reached for the light, and then for her slippers and robe. Her soles flopped along the carpet, the slippers were tatty. She supposed that slippers would last a while longer now that there was no dog in the house.

When she reached the landing, she noticed that the bathroom light was off, and the first inkling that something was wrong. Where was Neil?

At the bottom of the stairs, the crack around the sides of the garage door revealed that it was on. She grabbed the handle, wondering what the hell was going on.

And there she found Neil, clasping something in his trembling hands. It was a box, printed with a floral pattern. She could just about read the words printed in gold on top: Our loving pet, rest in peace, Cassy. She knelt next to her husband, underneath a pair of copper pipes, and cradled his head upon her chest as he sobbed.

title: [MF] This is a short story I wrote about a housewife who cannot work out why a pipe keeps leaking. Please read and critique.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the type of relationship Amanda and Neil have?

answer: Amanda has trust issues with Neil. She distrusts him a lot. She is a housewife and seems to gossip a lot with the neighbors. She discusses quite private and unnecessary details with the neighbor kid. He sells used cars and overcharges customers. Neil does not care about the pipes and Amanda does not let him know about her test with the cotton wool. Amanda knows about his second love and it seems Neil does not want to lose Amanda.

text: The response infers a a lot but doesn't really give an accurate representation of what happens in the story in order to reflect the relationship between Amanda and Neil.

refinement: Amanda and Neil have a loving relationship but are currently impacted by the loss of their dog Cassy, as such Neil has become distant, though Amanda is clearly there for him when he needs her.

answer: Amanda wants to mention the leaking pipes to Neil but doesn't because he returns from work so sad and she feels he has more important things to worry about. Amanda is concerned about calling in a professional, as she would have difficulty shielding the costs from Neil and he'd ask why she hadn't just told him. She turns to cuddle her husband in the night. When she finds him crying over their deceased pet, she knees next to him and cradles his head.

text: Though the response covers the notes of the story, it doesn't really answer the question about the type of relationship they have.

refinement: Amanda wants to mention the leaking pipes to Neil but doesn't because he returns from work so sad and she feels he has more important things to worry about, showing they have an empathetic relationship. Amanda is also concerned about calling in a professional, as she would have difficulty shielding the costs from Neil showing that they are usually communicative. She turns to cuddle her husband in the night showing they share intimacy. When she finds him crying over their deceased pet, she knees next to him and cradles his head, this shows they have a loving bond.

answer: Their relationship seems to be genuine and loving. Amanda sometimes worries if Neil is upset that she doesn't work; when she is hashing out her plumbing issues, she wonders if she really wants to have a leak not just for the pipes but for their marriage. Amanda asks Brian to tell her where the leak came from, and Brian tells her about a neighbor. Brian finds a dead dog in the drain pipe on the ceiling, and Amanda thinks it must belong to Neil and that this reveals his emotional side.

text: Other than the first sentence the response is wholly inaccurate to the text.

refinement: Their relationship seems to be genuine and loving.

answer: The story says that their relationship is close and likely affectionate. Amanda cares about Neil both emotionally and practically by noticing that he is not in bed and then going to investigate. She also provides emotional comfort by holding him as he grieves.

answer: The story portrays Neil and Amanda as a loving couple who are willing to look out for each other - even during distress. It seems that despite the stressful circumstances which led to Neil's grief, Amanda instinctively responded to the situation by trying to comfort him.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the possible causes for the leak Amanda considers.

answer: There are several possible causes for the leak Amanda is trying to identify. However, Brian says it is likely that water from upstairs might be flooding the garage through one of the pipes. It is likely that the leak is linked to either Neil using the upstairs bathroom or to him filling the pet's ashes in the garage. If he used the bathroom while filling the ashes soon after Amanda's attempt to test the pipes, then it is possible the leak is coming from the copper pipes themselves. Otherwise an undetected leak in another part of the system upstairs may be causing the leak.

text: The structure of the critique requires an edit of unnecessary assumptions in order for it to make sense.

refinement: There are several possible causes for the leak Amanda is trying to identify as stated throughout the story. However, Brian says it is likely that water from upstairs might be flooding the garage through one of the pipes. Brian also explains that otherwise an undetected leak in another part of the system upstairs may be causing the leak.

answer: The source of the leak could be due to a leaking pipe or a combination of factors including a leaking pipe or running water from the boiler upstairs caused by something like the use of the bathroom or the heating coming on.

text: It is stated that the heating runs on a separate system and cannot be to blame for the leak.

refinement: The source of the leak could be due to a leaking pipe or a combination of factors such as running water from the boiler upstairs.

text: Removal of repetition will make the response clearer.

refinement: The source of the leak could be due to a combination of factors including a leaking pipe or running water from the boiler upstairs.

answer: She first suspects it to be one of the pipes in her house. They connected these pipes to the storm drain. Then she suspects that the leak might be coming from the boiler that supplies their water source. She also wonders if boiling water the night before the leak appeared could have caused the leak. She then reconsiders that perhaps Neil has used the bathroom the night prior to his suicide.

text: A lot of inaccuracies in the whole of the critique. There is no mention of a storm drain, Amanda boiling water or Neil committing suicide in the story. There is also no mention of the plumber (Brian).

refinement: Amanda first suspects it to be one of the pipes in her house. Brian (the plumber) suspects that the leak might be coming from the boiler that supplies their water source, or that it is possibly due to the couple's nightly routine.

answer: Some of the pipes may be leaking (smaller leaks). A leak may run along the pipes (some are made of metal and can act like a metal pipe), dripping down a few meters away from the hole. Amanda's hypothesis is that Neil brushed his/her teeth before Amanda taped the cotton balls and put it the leak originated from downstairs so, the leak could be in the bathroom. A heating system could be leaking, but it seemed detached from the upstairs water after Brian, who was a neighbor, assessed that claim.

text: Though it lists possible causes as mentioned in the story, it does so incoherently.

refinement: Some of the pipes may be leaking (smaller leaks). Water may run along the pipes, dripping down a few meters away from the initial leak. The leak is possibly caused by nighttime water use and Amanda also considers the fact that it might be down to the central heating in her home.

answer: She at first thinks the dripping is caused due to leaking pipes. She considers that it may be due to Neil using the bathroom during the night. She also wonders if the heating coming on could have caused the leak.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about Amanda and Neil's pet?

answer: No answer

answer: They had a dog, a beautiful Alsatian named Cassy. It is implied that the dog died. Amanda finds Neil crying over the dog's ashes.

text: It is never stated that the box contains the dog's ashes.

refinement: They had a dog, a beautiful Alsatian named Cassy. It is implied that the dog died. Amanda finds Neil crying over a box that may hold the remains of Cassy.

answer: No Answer

answer: The story says that the pet has passed away.

answer: The story says that the pet has passed away.


split: train

text:
(Reuters) - Nielsen Holdings Plc NLSN.N will begin including Hulu Live TV and Google's YouTube TV viewing in its TV ratings in the United States in an effort to capture the shift from traditional broadcast to watching shows on laptops or smartphones, the company said on Tuesday.

FILE PHOTO: A picture illustration shows a YouTube logo reflected in a person's eye June 18, 2014. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/File Photo - RTX32ECV

All programming on Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV that has the same commercials that ran when the program aired on TV, will be included in Nielsen’s ratings no matter the device or whether it was viewed live or on DVR, the advertising tracking company said.

As viewers increasingly “cut the cord”, or cancel their cable package subscriptions and move to skinny bundles such as Sling TV and streaming sites like Hulu, it is important for Nielsen to account for these digital players, Nielsen’s Executive Vice President of product leadership Megan Clarken told Reuters.

“This is a big one for the industry,” Clarken said. “We’re following viewers across platforms.”

Expanding Nielsen’s TV ratings to include digital viewership from Hulu and YouTube TV will help advertisers account for trends and refine their ad strategy, Clarken added.

However, Brian Wieser, senior analyst at Pivotal Research Group, an equity research firm, said the ratings may not immediately be meaningful for advertisers because neither Hulu nor YouTube TV have a significant number of subscribers.

“The reality is people don’t drop their cable packages that easily,” Wieser said.

Hulu and YouTube declined to comment on the number of subscribers to their live TV streaming services.

Nielsen’s move to include the digital viewing is a strategic way for the company to ready itself for the future of media consumption, especially as networks have questioned Nielsen’s rating methodology, said Dave Morgan, chief executive officer and founder of Simulmedia, which uses data to run campaigns for advertisers.

“Everybody recognizes that services like Hulu and YouTube TV have already become quite established and will continue to grow,” he said.

Nielsen will record all digital viewing that occurs within a three-day or seven-day window of when a show first aired on TV into its C3, C7 currency, which advertisers use to buy ad time.

YouTube TV launched in April and lets viewers stream live TV from networks such as ABC, FOX and ESPN. The service is currently available in 15 markets.

Hulu Live TV began in May and included a partnership with Scripps Networks to stream its channels including HGTV and Food Network.

Reporting by Sheila Dang; editing by Anna Driver and Diane Craft

for-phone-onlyfor-tablet-portrait-upfor-tablet-landscape-upfor-desktop-upfor-wide-desktop-up

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are people moving to when dropping their cable packages?

answer: Skinny bundles such as sling TV and streaming sites such as Hulu.

text: "As viewers increasingly “cut the cord”, or cancel their cable package subscriptions and move to skinny bundles such as Sling TV and streaming sites..."

answer: People are moving to streaming sites such as Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV. These companies will now be included in Nielsen's TV ratings.

text: The second sentence is irrelevant to the question.

refinement: People are moving to streaming sites such as Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV.

text: "As viewers increasingly “cut the cord”, or cancel their cable package subscriptions and move to skinny bundles such as Sling TV and streaming sites..."

answer: Sling TV and streaming sites like Hulu.

text: "As viewers increasingly “cut the cord”, or cancel their cable package subscriptions and move to skinny bundles such as Sling TV and streaming sites..."

answer: Sling TV and streaming sites like Hulu and Youtube TV.

text: "As viewers increasingly “cut the cord”, or cancel their cable package subscriptions and move to skinny bundles such as Sling TV and streaming sites..."

answer: People are moving away from traditional broadcasting practices of watching shows on television screens to watching them on laptops or smartphones.

text: This omits streaming services and skinny bundles.

refinement: People are moving away from traditional broadcasting practices of watching shows on television screens to watching them on laptops or smartphones through streaming services and skinny bundles.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

How many subscribers Youtube and Hulu have on their live TV streaming?

answer: They have declined to answer this question.

text: The article says that "neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers".

refinement: Neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers. However, they have declined to answer this question.

answer: Neither Hulu nor YouTube TV make public any statistics regarding their subscriber numbers.

text: The article says that "neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers".

refinement: Neither Hulu nor YouTube TV make public any statistics regarding their subscriber numbers, but the article claims that neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers.

answer: Neither Hulu nor YouTube TV would give numbers on the number of subscribers to their live TV streaming services.

text: The article says that "neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers".

refinement: Neither Hulu nor YouTube TV would give numbers on the number of subscribers to their live TV streaming services, but the article says that neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers.

answer: According to Brian Wieser and Nielsen, the current number is not significant.

text: It's omitted that Youtube and Hulu have declined to comment on the numbers.

refinement: According to Brian Wieser and Nielsen, the current number is not significant, but Hulu and Youtube have declined to comment on the numbers.

answer: YouTube TV has fewer subscribers while Hulu Live TV has subscribers.

text: This answer is false and doesn't make sense. "Hulu Live TV has subscribers" doesn't reveal anything.

refinement: Neither Hulu nor YouTube TV would give numbers on the number of subscribers to their live TV streaming services, but he article says that neither Hulu or Youtube TV have a significant number of subscribers.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When did Youtube TV launch?

answer: Youtube TV launched in April.

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in April at the time of the article.

refinement: Youtube TV launched in April around the time of the article.

answer: It launched in April.

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in April at the time of the article.

refinement: It launched in April around the time of the article.

answer: It was launched in April.

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in April at the time of the article.

refinement: It was launched in April around the time of the article.

answer: Youtube TV launched in April

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in April at the time of the article.

refinement: Youtube TV launched in April around the time of the article.

answer: YouTube TV launched in April.

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in April at the time of the article.

refinement: YouTube TV launched in April around the time of the article.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

When did Hulu Live TV launch?

answer: They launched in May.

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in May at the time of the article.

refinement: They launched in May around the time of the article.

answer: Hulu Live TV launched in May.

text: For more accuracy, add that it launched in May at the time of the article.

refinement: Hulu Live TV launched in May around the time of the article.

answer: Hulu Live TV launched in April 2017.

text: Hulu Live Tv launched in May.

answer: It launched in April.

text: This is false. It launched in May around the time of the article.

refinement: It launched in May around the time of the article.

answer: Hulu Live TV launched in April.

text: This is false. It launched in May around the time of the article.

refinement: Hulu Live TV launched in May around the time of the article.

question: Write a ~1 sentence summary.

answer: This document summarizes the addition of digital viewing by US TV services Hulu Live and YouTube TV to the traditional, on-air reporting of Nielsen Television Ratings, which is the subject of this document.

text: It would be more accurate to say the document "discusses" rather than "summarizes".

refinement: This document discusses the addition of digital viewing by US TV services Hulu Live and YouTube TV to the traditional, on-air reporting of Nielsen Television Ratings, which is the subject of this document.

text: "which is the subject of this document" is a bit redundant and unnecessary.

refinement: This document discusses the addition of digital viewing by US TV services Hulu Live and YouTube TV to the traditional, on-air reporting of Nielsen Television Ratings.

answer: Nielsen is beginning to include viewing from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings, to capture the shift to viewing shows on laptops and smartphones. While neither service has a significant number of subscribers, this move is strategic ahead of future media consumption patterns.

text: This summary asks for one sentence, so the second sentence is unnecessary.

refinement: Nielsen is beginning to include viewing from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings, to capture the shift to viewing shows on laptops and smartphones.

text: It would be more accurate to say the article "discusses" this summary because the article covers many other components to the streaming trend.

refinement: This article discusses Nielsen beginning to include viewing from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings, to capture the shift to viewing shows on laptops and smartphones.

text: For further accuracy, past tense should be used.

refinement: This article discusses when Nielsen began to include viewing from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings, to capture the shift to viewing shows on laptops and smartphones.

text: Change "to" to "towards" in "to viewing".

refinement: This article discusses when Nielsen began to include viewing from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings, to capture the shift towards viewing shows on laptops and smartphones.

answer: The article is about Nielsen including online streaming services like Hulu TV and YoutubeTV in his television ratings.

text: "His" should be "its".

refinement: The article is about Nielsen including online streaming services like Hulu TV and YoutubeTV in its television ratings.

answer: Nielsen Corporation accepts Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV viewership to its ratings in an effort to capture viewership trends of programs.

text: It would be more accurate to say the article "discusses" this summary because the article covers many other components to the streaming trend.

refinement: This article discusses Nielsen Corporation accepting Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV viewership to its ratings in an effort to capture viewership trends of programs.

answer: Nielsen will begin including viewership from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings in an effort to keep up with the shift away from traditional broadcast to streaming shows on laptops or smartphones.

text: "At the time of this article" and past tense should be used for further accuracy.

refinement: At the time of this article, Nielsen announced it would be including viewership from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings in an effort to keep up with the shift away from traditional broadcast to streaming shows on laptops or smartphones.

text: It would be more accurate to say the article "discusses" this summary because the article covers many other components to the streaming trend.

refinement: The article discusses when Nielsen announced it would be including viewership from Hulu Live TV and YouTube TV in its TV ratings in an effort to keep up with the shift away from traditional broadcast to streaming shows on laptops or smartphones.


text:
LEE JONG-WOOK (Hangul: 이종욱; Hanja: 李鍾旭; born June 18, 1980) is a South Korean outfielder who plays for the Doosan Bears in the Korean professional baseball league.

Professional career

In , he joined the Hyundai Unicorns after graduating from Youngnam University in Daegu. However, he did not play any games since he joined the military service in December of that year.

In , when he was discharged from the military, he joined the Doosan Bears as a trainee. At that time, he tried to practice and develop his skill. At last, The Doosan's Head coach Kim Kyung-Moon selected him and Lee tried to survive, not to lose the opportunity. As a result, he could settle down the major group of Bears.

In Summer Olympic Games 2008, Lee contributed to win the gold medal for his national team.[1] In the team's first game of round-robin play against the United States, he hit the game-winning sacrifice fly to score Lee Taek-Keun in the bottom of the 9th inning.

His biggest advantage was to run fast. Therefore, he made fifty-one steals in that season even though his team failed to join the post-season in 2006. Next year, he made forty-seven steals while he hit a homer and made a 0.316 hitting average. He can run to the third base if he hit a ball to the further course of a stadium. He can steal to the second or third base in any situation even a good pitcher marks tightly or a catcher throws a ball exactly. In addition, he can catch a flying ball which drops into the point in which any outfielder get hardly or miss.

He contributed and led the Bears to the Final round of and post-season. Especially he made 0.517 hitting average and three SBs in playoffs 2008. And won the Most Valuable Player straight two years in 2007 and 2008 playoff of two post-seasons.

Awards and honors

-   2007 Golden Glove Award (Outfielder)
-   2008 Golden Glove Award (Outfielder)
-   2010 Golden Glove Award (Outfielder)

Achievements

-   2006 Stolen Bases Title
-   2008 Runs Leader

Career statistics

  Year    Age   Team     Lg    Pos   G     AB     R     H     2B   3B   HR   RBI   TB    SB    CS   SH   BB    HBP   K     GIDP   E   AVG    OBP    SLG    OPS
  ------- ----- -------- ----- ----- ----- ------ ----- ----- ---- ---- ---- ----- ----- ----- ---- ---- ----- ----- ----- ------ --- ------ ------ ------ ------
  2006    26    Doosan   KBO   OF    120   388    76    110   14   6    1    32    139   51    7    12   40    7     60    1      6   .284   .351   .358   .709
  2007    27    Doosan   KBO   OF    123   465    84    147   20   12   1    46    194   47    14   10   48    4     74    6      0   .316   .378   .417   .795
  2008    28    Doosan   KBO   OF    122   458    98    138   14   5    0    28    162   47    8    8    52    4     53    4      2   .301   .372   .354   .726
  Total                  KBO   OF    365   1311   258   395   48   23   2    106   495   145   29   30   140   15    187   11     8   .301   .368   .378   .746

BOLD = led KBO

[1] Olympic results

title: Lee Jong-wook (baseball)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Lee Jong-wook?

answer: Lee Jong-wook is a South Korean outfielder in the Korean professional baseball league. His advantage is his speed. He led the Doosan Bears to the Final round of playoffs in 2007 and 2008 while making the highest batting average. He was also awarded the Golden Glove Award three times.

answer: Lee Jong-wook is a professional outfielder in the Korean professional baseball league with impressive speed. He was a member of the gold-winning national team in the Olympics. Lee is a valuable player who is known for his speed, base-stealing capabilities, and hitting ability.

answer: Lee Jong-wook is a South Korean outfielder who plays for the Doosan Bears in the Korean professional baseball league. His biggest advantage was to run fast. He would go on to lead the Bears to the Final round of and post-season.

answer: Lee Jong-wook is a South Korean outfielder who plays for the Doosan Bears in the Korean professional baseball league. He also participated in the 2008 Summer Olympic Games and won the Olympics.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook was born on June 18, 1980, is a South Korean outfielder. He plays for the Doosan Bears in the Korean professional baseball league.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Lee Jong-Wook's professional career?

answer: Lee Jong-Wook is an outfielder for the Doosan Bears who has contributed and led the team to the Final Round of playoffs multiple times. At the Olympic Games in 2008, Lee contributed to winning the gold medal for his national team. In the season of 2006, he made fifty-one stolen bases, even though his team did not make the post-season. In 2007 and 2008, he won the Golden Glove Award in two consecutive post-seasons. Overall, Lee is a successful player who has contributed significantly to his team's success.

answer:
Lee Jong-Wook joined the Hyundai Unicorns. However, he did not play any games since he joined the military in December of that same year.
In 2007, Bat Woo-Keun selected Lee as one of the Doosan Bears. Kyung-Moon was the Head coach there. Lee could settle down in the major group of Bears.
He finally joined the Doosan Bears as a trainee in 2008. In the Summer Olympic Games 2008, he contributed in his team's winning the gold medal. He has won numerous Golden gloves for the years 2007 to 2009.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook's professional career started in. He joined Hyundai Unicorns in and left them because he joined the military in that year. However, he did not play any games in the Unicorns. After he was discharged from the military in 2007, he joined Doosan Bears as a trainee. He contributed to win the gold medal for his team in the 2008 Summer Olympics. In the Bears' first game, he scored the game-winning sacrifice fly. In the 2008 playoffs, he made 0.517 hitting average and 3 SBs. He was the most valuable player two years in a row in the 2007 and 2008 post-seasons. In the 2007 playoffs, he won the Golden Glove award.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook joined the Hyundai Unicorns after graduating from Youngnam University in Daegu. However, he had to join the military service in December of that year and was unable to play. After he was discharged he joined the Doosan Bears.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook is a South Korean outfielder with the Doosan Bears in the Korean professional baseball league. He has achieved many awards and honors, including the Stolen Bases Title and the Golden Glove Awards. He has led the Bears to the Final round of playoffs in both 2007 and 2008, and currently holds a batting average of .301.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Lee Jong-Wook's biggest advantage?

answer: Lee's biggest advantage is his speed. He is a fast runner and this helps him to make steal bases and be a successful outfielder.

answer: Lee's biggest advantage was his speed and his ability to run fast.

text: "and" is the wrong conjunction.

refinement: Lee's biggest advantage was his speed: his ability to run fast.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook's biggest advantage was to run fast. He made 51 steals during the Summer Olympic Games 2008.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook's biggest advantage is his speed. He can run to the third base quickly, even if a pitch is thrown to the far side of the field. He can also catch a flying ball if it falls into the point that any outfielder would have a difficult time getting to.

answer: Not much, surprisingly, except for his speed. The field lacks information on what exactly makes him a successful runner.

text: Weird attitude. Not surprising at all.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about Lee Jong-Wook's Awards and Achievements?

answer: Lee Jong-Wook won three Golden Glove Awards in 2007, 2008, and 2010. He also won the 2006 Stolen Bases Title and 2008 Runs Leader.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook has won multiple Golden Glove Awards for being an Outfielder, including in 2007 and 2008. He also won the Stolen Bases Title in 2006. In addition, Lee has led the Doosan Bears to two post-seasons and recorded an impressive batting average and on-base percentage.

text: All coverage awards

refinement: Lee Jong-Wook has won multiple Golden Glove Awards for being an Outfielder, including in 2007, 2008 and 2010. He also won the Stolen Bases Title in 2006. In addition, he won Runs Leader in 2008.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook's Awards and Achievements include four Golden Glove Awards, three Golden Glove Award, and the Stolen Bases Title. He also won the Runs Leader award twice.

text: Counts Golden gloves twice.

refinement: Lee Jong-Wook's Awards and Achievements include three Golden Glove Awards (2007, 2008, 2010), the Stolen Bases Title (2006), and the Runs Leader award (2008).

answer: Lee Jong-Wook won the 2007 Golden Glove Award from the KBO league. He also won 2008 Golden Glove Award from the league. He also won the 2010 Golden Glove Award from the same league. He won the Stolen Bases Title in 2006. He also won the Runs Leader award in 2008.

text: The information is right but you can condense this into a single clause.

refinement: Lee Jong-Wook won the 2007, 2008 and 2010 Golden Glove Award from the KBO league. He won the Stolen Bases Title in 2006. He also won the Runs Leader award in 2008.

answer: Lee Jong-Wook has received three Golden Glove Awards as an outfielder in the Korean professional baseball league. He also holds the most recent Stolen Bases Title. In addition, he has led his team to two post-seasons.

text: Missing one award

refinement: Lee Jong-Wook has received three Golden Glove Awards as an outfielder in the Korean professional baseball league. He also holds the 2006 Stolen Bases Title, and the 2008 Runs Leader award.


text:
The grief of war

My palms are sweating like there was no tomorrow but that was it, there could be no tomorrow for me, this could be the end, my love back home, gone. My family mourning me and the fact everything and everyone I’ve ever loved, gone. My heart starts to beat a thousand times per minute and my thoughts run left to right confusing me at every turn. My mind running wild. The gun fire becomes a shallow hum in the midst of my thoughts then a loud shout breaks them “grab your rifle son, you’re gonna need it!” it was the sergeant major screaming at me. Then the once shallow hum of gun fire became a loud roar of endlessness and screams from those injured.
I reach out to grab my rifle, quivering as I do. Then a firm hand rests on my shoulder I turn my head it is John. I had met John during training, he was a “lost soul” before the army, he used to tell me of how he used to steal cars and redo them and sell them on and how he wasn’t afraid of being shot,  see he’d been shot twice before, once in the left leg and once in the chest and when I asked him how he said “ Well jerry, when you steal from the American mafia you leave with battle scars,” I always wondered how someone could be so careless of anything. He pulls me to my feet and says” Come on jerry, we’re about to charge the Japs,” I just laughed at how casual he was about this but I grabbed my rifle by the stock and held it tight.
Me, john and the rest of the platoon turn to face the sergeant, Alright boys, I’ve just had confirmation that we will be the platoon leading the charge against the Japanese,” My heart sinks beneath my feet and my breath becomes quick gasps for air, my face runs pale then I look across at john and his face lights up with glee along with the others in the platoon. I’m stunned, stunned beyond belief. I shouldn’t be here, and I’m not ready for this, these men they want war, want it more than me, they crave war where as I hid from it all. I can’t do this. I lean over to grab my helmet, trembling with fear as I do. I put it on my head and tighten the strap and think to myself “this is the end.”
“Before you head out you might want to write a note and keep it on your person, this could be it!” the sergeant shouts over the gun fire of the Japs spraying at our temporary trench line. I grab a pen and paper from my front pocket and start writing. To my dearest…. I  shake with fear but I’m determined to finish. “Jerry, we’re heading over!” yells the sergeant. I knew deep down that we wouldn’t be coming home and this was a last ditch attempt for us to take over the island. “But I was going to fight till my last breath,” I told myself.
I raise my head above the trench to scout out what lay ahead, fifty or more japs all committed to their cause “ protect our land, serve our emperor” and they were not about to let us walk right over them. I grip my rifle tight along with the others and we shout in unison “charge!” I leap over the trench screaming at the top of my lungs, I fire at will, forgetting to aim accurately and shooting wildly then something happened, it wasn’t pain nor fear but a euphoric feeling, like nothing mattered anymore, the sound of gun fire became a distant hum. I look across to john running across in the distance then suddenly he falls to his knees and places his hand to his heart and falls flat on the cold hard ground, the sergeant and the others lie lifeless on the ground or are screaming in pain from their injuries. A lone tear runs down my cheek and falls to the ground dragging my vision to my stomach, my uniform is stained bright red then my knees buckle and I drop down to the ground, I grip my stomach tight but I knew this was the end. I reach into my front pocket of my vest and grab my letter griping it ever so tightly but it made me feel safe just knowing that even though I’m gone my family and my wife would be safe. My eyes close then nothing.

Two weeks following the events:
“Mails here!” the mail man yells out “I’m coming, I’m coming Mary yells back. She opens the door and the he hands her a letter “must be important, it’s got an army stamp,” she closes the door and reads the front of the letter “to Mary – Anne jones, U.S army, “ her eyes fill with tears and she begins to tremble with what she knows is inside, the letter revealing the death of her husband. Whilst shaking, she tears open the letter and begins to read.
“We regret to inform you of your loss, first class private Jeromy jones has been killed in battle, he fought valiantly and died for his country,” three tears roll softly from her cheek and her head dips in sadness but the letter goes on say “He was found with a letter addressed to a Mrs Mary – Anne jones,” she reached in to the letter and grabbed a piece of parchment which had been tattered and ripped along the edges but the words were still readable. They wrote,
“To my dearest love,
This will be the last letter I write to you it’s not long because soon after I write this my battalion will be leading the charge against the Japanese. I’ve got low hope I’ll survive but this doesn’t matter now, the fact that does is that you will be safe. I will miss you and our love will be forever, whether I’m there or not.
Love jerry,”
In a brief moment of realisation she then drops the letter and breaks down on her knees and as she began to scream no sound came out, not a hint of noise nor break in the wind she just knelt there mouth wide open, screaming in silence, consumed, in the grief of war.

title: the grief of war

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Where and when is this all taking place?

answer: This all takes place during the second World War. This particular fight is against the Japanese in the Pacific Islands.

answer: The events of this passage take place during wartime in a combat situation. The location is unknown.

text: IT is mentioned

refinement: This all takes place during the second World War. This particular fight is against the Japanese in the Pacific Islands.

answer: It doesn't mention anything, but it seems the story happened on an island somewhere in the Pacific, during World War II.

answer:
The events in this passage take place during wartime on an island invaded by the Japanese.

Who is Jeromy Jones and what happened to him?

Jeromy Jones was a first class private killed in battle.

text: This adds in another question

refinement: The events in this passage take place during wartime on an island invaded by the Japanese.

answer: Roughly World War 2, most likely in Europe.

text: Clearly in the Pacidic

refinement: This all takes place during the second World War. This particular fight is against the Japanese in the Pacific Islands.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Are the protagonists on land or assault craft?

answer: The protagonists are on land.

answer: They are on land, hiding in a trench.

answer: The main protagonist is in a trench some way inland. On the beach there are a number of Japanese soldiers (whether soldiers on a temporary position or occupying the land is not clear) they are the target of a charge. There is confirmation they will lead the charge to take the beach.

answer: The protagonists are on land.

answer: Assault land in battle.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What type of enemy resistance are Jerry and the platoon facing in terms of numbers and/or firepower?

answer: The platoon is facing a large number of enemy combatants armed with high caliber weaponry.

answer: At least more than 50 in personnel and weaponry.

answer: They are outnumbered fifty to one, but Jerry doubts they will be victorious.

text: 50 soldiers not 50 to 1 odds

refinement: There are about 50 or more Japanese soldiers.

answer: There are about 50 or more Japanese soldiers.

answer: The enemy resistance Jerry and his platoon face is great in numbers and firepower. They are facing at least fifty Japanese soldiers who are well armed and committed to their cause.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Is this Jerry's first time in battle?

answer: It seems this is a semi-authentic history retelling, in which the soldiers recently joined the war efforts. Jerry may be witnessing what the realities of war are.

text: It's not clear

answer: That information can’t be found here.

answer: That information is not known.

answer: Yes, this is Jerry's first time in battle and he is terrified.

text: It's not clear

answer: Yes, this is Jerry's first time in battle.

text: It's not clear

question: Write a ~8 sentence summary.

answer:
Jerry, John, and the rest of the platoon are assigned to lead the charge against the Japanese in a battle on an unnamed island. Jerry is a bit reluctant to fight given his non-enthusiastic war protest personality. He knew he won't make it out alive when he read the letter he penned minutes earlier.

After the battle, the letter he wrote was found among the dead and was addressed to his wife.

His wife Mary-Anne was informed of his death. Circumstances that only comes from war. She read the letter he wrote wondering if it was the last he wrote to her. Upon reaching the end, all she could do was cry and scream uncontrollably. Jerry's last letter had it all in it. She read the letter knowing it was the last one she would receive from him.

text: Remove "Circumstances that only comes from war. " and "Jerry's last letter had it all in it"

refinement:
Jerry, John, and the rest of the platoon are assigned to lead the charge against the Japanese in a battle on an unnamed island. Jerry is a bit reluctant to fight given his non-enthusiastic war protest personality. He knew he won't make it out alive when he read the letter he penned minutes earlier.

After the battle, the letter he wrote was found among the dead and was addressed to his wife.

His wife Mary-Anne was informed of his death. Upon reaching the end of the letter, all she could do was cry and scream uncontrollably. She read the letter knowing it was the last one she would receive from him.

answer: Jerry suffers through the pain and grief of war as he fights an endless battle. His best friend John falls to his death in the battle and writes a letter for his wife, Anne. This letter confirms his death and creates a wave of grief for Anne. With no sound coming out, she breaks down in grief, realizing too late her husband has died in war.

text: Jerry dies in the war

refinement: Jerry suffers through the pain and grief of war as he fights an endless battle. He falls to his death in the battle and writes a letter for his wife, Anne. This letter confirms his death and creates a wave of grief for Anne. With no sound coming out, she breaks down in grief, realizing too late her husband has died in war.

answer:
Jerry and his platoon are trying a last-ditch attempt to take an island away from the Japanese during WW2.
He knows things aren't going to end well because there are over 50 Japanese soldiers and they will fight to the death.
Bullets are whizzing past Jerry's head when the sergeant tells them to write a letter to their loved ones and grab their rifles for the assault.
Jerry writes a letter and grabs his rifle, egged on by his friend, John, who's not afraid to die.
Jerry's platoon gets wiped out and he sees John, the sergeant, and other soldiers die. He falls to the ground and grabs the letter from his pocket before dying.
Two weeks later, Mary Anne Jones, Jerry's wife, gets a letter from the US Army, informing her about Jerry's sacrifice.
Mary tearfully opens the tattered letter Jerry wrote on the battlefield and falls to her knees, screaming silently, consumed by the grief of war.

answer: Jerome Jones was enlisted into the army. His love letter wasn't as full-hearted as he expected it to be. The Japanese would be staring him in the face.  It was his chance, Jerome thought, for salvation. He would fight for his nation and his wife. The Japanese engaged Jerome and his company. A stray bullet was fired that found its way to his head. He died on the battlefield.

answer: Jerry, a private in the U.S army, is unprepared for the chaos and violence of war. He is forced to lead the charge against the enemy Japanese. John, a fellow soldier, dies in combat. Jerry wrote a letter to his wife before the battle. After receiving news of Jerry's death, his widow is overcome with grief.


text:
RUSTAM ABDULLAH SANI (12 August 1944[1] – 23 April 2008) was a Malaysian politician, sociologist and political scientist. He was of Minangkabau descent from Salido, West Sumatera.

Born towards the end of the Japanese occupation of Malaya in the Perak border town of Tanjung Malim, Rustam grew up in the shadow of his famous father, Abdullah Sani, who was better known as Ahmad Boestaman. Boestaman was a Malay nationalist and the founder of political parties Angkatan Pemuda Insaf and Parti Rakyat.

Rustam served as an associate professor at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universiti Malaya and was a prolific writer in Malay and English. His anthology of poems, Riak-Riak Kecil, composed in 1977, was published by Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka. Rustam won the National Literature Award for 1988/89.[2]

Education

Rustam attended the Victoria Institution in Kuala Lumpur.[3] He later enrolled at the University of Malaya for a bachelor's degree before heading to the University of Kent for a master's degree, where he wrote a thesis entitled _Social Roots of the Malay_ Left which traced the origin of the Malay political left to the 1920s.[4] At Kent, he mentored a variety of undergraduates including PAS secretary-general Kamaruddin Jaffar, economist Ghazali Atan and publisher Lim Siang Jin.

Early career

Rustam joined the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia economics faculty in early 1977, then still at its temporary campus in Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur. It was here he befriended with many personalities such as Jomo Kwame Sundaram, Sanusi Osman, Ting Chew Peh and Shamsul Amri. He deepened his preoccupation with the challenges of Malaysian nationhood at the university, an enduring theme in his writings since the 1970s, and the subject of one of his two latest books, which was launched posthumously by his old friend from the 1960s, Anwar Ibrahim.

Later he embarked for Yale University, but after passing the tough comprehensive exams there, he lost interest, preferring instead to write a statistics textbook. Back at UKM, he switched to the Politics Department as his old Canterbury friend, then Abim secretary-general Kamaruddin, had left to join Anwar in the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO) and the Government.

With Syed Husin at the helm of the Malaysian Social Science Association (PSSM), Rustam started a bilingual quarterly journal, Ilmu Masyarakat, to try to open new Malaysian debates under the dispensation of the then new Prime Minister Datuk Seri Dr Mahathir Mohamad, to which the former UKM academic as well as PNB and Guthrie chief executive Tan Sri Khalid Ibrahim (later Selangor Mentri Besar) was an early and insightful contributor.

At the end of the 1980s, Rustam accepted Nordin Sopiee’s invitation to join ISIS. There, he helped to craft Mahathir’s historic February 1991 speech promising a “Bangsa Malaysia” as part of his Vision 2020 (thankfully translated by Rustam as Wawasan 2020, instead of the earlier Visi 2020), changing the terms of national discourse in one fell swoop.

Frustrated by its lack of serious commitment, he left ISIS in the mid-1990s to become a writer, translator and reluctant businessman.

Soon after, he agreed to become deputy president of PSSM, later inaugurating the biennial series of international Malaysian Studies Conferences in which we tried to reposition Malaysian studies as a national – and nationalist – discourse, rather than as post-colonial studies.

Political involvement

However, the events of 1997-99 with the sacking of the then Deputy Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim disrupted Rustam's plans and he rose to the popular national call for _Reformasi_ following Anwar’s incarceration and persecution, becoming its most thoughtful “participant observer”.

As deputy president of the Parti Rakyat Malaysia, a party his father had founded almost half a century before, he negotiated its principled unification with the political movement which had emerged around Anwar despite several high-profile defections. After the merger with Parti Keadilan Nasional to become the Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR), he became PKR information chief.

Death

Rustam died at his home in Gombak, Selangor on 23 April 2008 at the age of 64 due to respiratory difficulties.[5] His body was sent to a mosque near his house at Bukit Lela and he was later buried at the Taman Danau Kota Muslim cemetery after Zohor prayers.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

title: Rustam Sani

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What was the subject matter of one of the two latest published books that Rustam wrote and when were they published?

answer: The subject of the books were centered on the challenges of Malaysian nationhood. One of the two books was entitled Wawasan 2020.

answer: One of the two latest books written by Rustam was concerned with Malaysian nationhood. It was published sometime in the 1990s.

answer: One of the two latest books published by Rustam was titled Wawasan 2020 and was published in 1991.

answer: The subject matter of one of the two latest published books that Rustam wrote was about the challenges of the Malaysian nation.

text: This response does not address when it was published.

refinement: The subject matter of one of the two latest published books that Rustam wrote was about the challenges of the Malaysian nation. It was published in the early 1990s.

answer: The subject of one of the books dealt with the challenges of Malaysian nationhood. The books were published after April 2008, since this is when he died. His old friend Anwar Ibrahim published these books after he died.

text: This isn't when they were published, and it is important to note that they were published during Sani's life.

refinement: The subject of one of the books dealt with the challenges of Malaysian nationhood. The books were published in the late 1980s and the early 1990s.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What part did Rastum play in the Malaysian Social Science Association?

answer: He helped to start a linguistic and cultural studies journal in Malaysia called Ilmu Masyarakat.

text: This should include the fact that he was deputy.

refinement: He helped to start a linguistic and cultural studies journal in Malaysia called Ilmu Masyarakat. He was Deputy of PSSM.

answer: Rustam was the deputy president of the Malaysian Social Science Association. Rustam also edited their quarterly journal, "Ilmu Masyarakat."

answer: Rustam was a member of the Malaysian Social Science Association and helped to craft Mahathir's speech promising a "Bangsa Malaysia" in 1991.

answer: He was deputy president. He presided over the inauguration of the biennial series of international Malaysian Studies Conferences in which we tried to reposition Malaysian studies as a national – and nationalist – discourse, rather than as post-colonial studies.

answer: Rastum started a magazine to try to open new Malaysian debates under the dispensation of the new Malaysian Prime Minsiter, Dr Athear Mohamad

text: This should also state he was Deputy of the PSSM.

refinement: Rastum started a magazine to try to open new Malaysian debates under the dispensation of the new Malaysian Prime Minsiter, Dr Athear Mohamad. He also served as Deputy to the PSSM.


text:
HURRAH! were a British jangle pop band formed in the early 1980s and active until 1991. Two band members traded off lead vocals on track-by-track basis, giving the band two distinctly different sounds.[1]

Band history

Line-up

Formed in the early 1980s and originally known as the Green-Eyed Children,[2] Hurrah! initially consisted of Paul Handyside (born 28 September 1960, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; guitar/vocals), David 'Taffy' Hughes (b. 16 March 1961, Southmoor, Northumberland; guitar/vocals), David Porthouse (b. 17 August 1961, Gateshead;(bass), and Mark Sim (drums). Sim was soon replaced by Damien Mahoney.[3]

When Mahoney left in 1986 to join the police force, after exhaustive auditions, the band eventually recruited Steve Price (b. 27 June 1965, Newport; drums) as a permanent replacement drummer. Adrian Evans (b. 6 March 1963, County Durham, England) became the band's fourth drummer when Steve Price left the band and emigrated to America.

Releases

Hurrah! were one of the first acts signed to Kitchenware Records, who issued the band's debut single, “The Sun Shines Here”, in 1982.[4] Second single “Hip Hip” was released the following year, and gave the band an indie chart hit, reaching No. 21.[5]

The third single, “Who'd Have Thought,” was another indie hit in 1984, reaching No. 7 on the British charts.[6] After one more single, “Gloria” – produced by Jimmy Miller, the band's early recordings were compiled on the _Boxed_ album in 1985.

Hurrah! signed to Arista Records via Kitchenware's deal with the major label, and the _Tell God I'm Here_ album was re-released by the record company. On Arista's release, the future single “How Many Rivers” was re-recorded with new drummer Steve Price, and produced by Steve Brown.

In 1986, Hurrah! released their first major-label album and the single, “Sweet Sanity,” in the UK and the US. The video for the song, which featured two women holding hands, was banned from some American television stations for being too controversial.[7]

Hurrah's major label debut album, _Tell God I'm Here_, reached No. 71 in the UK Albums Chart in 1987.[8][9] Towards the end of 1987, a live album, _Way Ahead_, was released on the Esurient label.[10]

In 1989, the band released their second major-label album, _The Beautiful,_ produced by Simon Hanhart and Chris Kimsey. The tracks were primarily recorded over six weeks in 1988 at Ridge Farm, a picturesque residential recording studio in Surrey, England. The only single from this album was “Big Sky.”

Arista released Hurrah! from their record contract in 1989. Steve Price left the band in mid-1990 to move to America, and the rest of the band split up in 1991, after releasing their last single “That dream's over now”. A retrospective album of demos and live tracks, _The Sound of Philadelphia_, was issued in 1993.[11] During the intervening years there was much talk of an unreleased 'lost album' of recordings made just before the 1991 split. This album was rumoured to feature previously unreleased material which had been developed in the band's latter day live sets. Suspicions of this album's existence proved to be well founded with the release of _The return of the cool_ in 2010 on the Cherry Red record label.

Tours

The band were invited to support U2 at Wembley, and played as the only opening act on the first few dates of _The Joshua Tree_ tour in June 1987. Later that summer, Hurrah! played at a music festival in Germany, supporting David Bowie on the Glass Spider tour.

Hurrah! toured the United States for the first time during October/November 1987, appearing on the Coors-sponsored “Four Play” tour along with bands Royal Court of China, Will (Sexton) & the Kill and Northern Pikes. The four bands rotated the headline slot, and played free shows at club venues and colleges in most major metro areas across the US.[12]

In 1988, Hurrah! played live shows in Iraq, Egypt and Jordan after accepting an invitation from the British Arts Council.[13] One of the first “western” bands to play in the Middle East, the group was escorted by armed troops for the duration of their visit. Publicity materials from their Arts Council tour listed the album's name as _Tell Them I'm Here_ to avoid offending the host countries.

Post break-up

After Hurrah!, David 'Taffy' Hughes formed Star Witness, later called Candy Coloured Clowns, and released a cassette of rough demos called “Welcome to Razor Town” (1996). Hughes also plays guitar with The Girl with the Replaceable Head, a duo formed with female singer Sylvia.

Paul Handyside has since released two albums under the name of Bronze. His first solo album, _Future's Dream_, was released by Malady Music in 2007. Handyside's second solo album ''Wayward Son ''was released in 2013 also on Malady Music.[14]

As well as contributing drums, melodeon and backing vocals on several of Paul Handyside's post-Hurrah! releases,[15] David Porthouse trained as a luthier, producing custom built instruments and specialising in lap steel guitars.

Discography

Albums

-   _Boxed_ (1985, Kitchenware)
-   _Tell God I'm Here_ (1987, Kitchenware/Arista) (UK Albums Chart No. 71[16])
-   _Way Ahead_ (1987, Esuriant) (UK Indie No. 29)
-   _The Beautiful_ (1989, Kitchenware/Arista)
-   _Sound of Philadelphia_ (1993, Creation Rev-Ola)
-   _The Return of the Cool_ (2010 Cherry Red)

Singles

-   “The Sun Shines Here” (1982) Kitchenware
-   “Hip Hip” (1983) Kitchenware (UK Indie No. 21)
-   “Who'd Have Thought” (1984) Kitchenware (UK Indie No. 7)
-   “Gloria” (1985) Kitchenware (UK Indie No. 12)
-   “Sweet Sanity” (1986) Kitchenware/Arista
-   “If Love Could Kill” (1987) Kitchenware/Arista
-   “How Many Rivers?” (1987) Kitchenware/Arista
-   “Sweet Sanity” (1988) Kitchenware/Arista
-   “Big Sky” (1989) Kitchenware/Arista
-   “That Dream's Over Now” (1991) Kitchenware/Arista

[1]

[2]

[3] Strong, Martin C. (2003) “Hurrah!”, in _The Great Indie Discography_, Canongate,

[4]

[5] Lazell, Barry (1997) _Indie Hits 1980–1989_, Cherry Red Books,

[6]

[7] [ Hurrah!] at Allmusic

[8]

[9]

[10] Johnny Eager (1987) “Hurrah! _Way Ahead_”, _Underground_, December 1987 (Issue 9), p. 13

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14] Paul Handyside at MusicBrainz

[15] David Porthouse at MusicBrainz

[16]

title: Hurrah!

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the band's lineup changes.

answer: Hurrah! started with four band members, but after drummer Damien Mahoney left in 1986, Steve Price was brought on to replace him. While Steve Price left the band in 1990, Hurrah! disbanded in 1991 after two other band members, Paul Handyside and David Porthouse, also left.

text: The response should include that Adrian Evans joined the band as the fourth drummer before the band disbanded in 1991.

refinement: Hurrah! started with four band members, but after drummer Damien Mahoney left in 1986, Steve Price was brought on to replace him. When Steve Price left the band in 1990, he was replaced by Adrian Evans. Hurrah! disbanded in 1991 after two other band members, Paul Handyside and David Porthouse, also left.

text: The passage does not say that the reason that they disbanded was because of Handyside and Porthouse

refinement: Hurrah! started with four band members, but after drummer Damien Mahoney left in 1986, Steve Price was brought on to replace him. When Steve Price left the band in 1990, he was replaced by Adrian Evans. Hurrah! disbanded in 1991.

answer: The original lineup in the 1980s consisted of Paul Handyside, David 'Taffy' hughes, David Porthouse, and Mark Sim. Mark Sim was replaced by Damien Mahoney. Mahoney later left and was replaced by Steve Price, who in turn was later replaced by Adrian Evans.

answer: Paul Handyside (n.d.) and David 'Taffy' Hughes started the band in 1982 to early 1991 as the Green-Eyed Children. When Mark Sim was replaced in 1983 by Damien Mahoney, the band renamed themselves to Hurrah. Three years later in 1989 Steve Price left the band to join a band in Minnesota and they split.

text: The passage does not indicate when the band went from going by "the Green-Eyed Children" to "Hurrah!"

refinement: Paul Handyside (n.d.), David 'Taffy' Hughes, David Porthouse, and Mark Sim started the band in 1982. Three years later in 1989 Steve Price left the band to join a band in Minnesota and they split.

text: The passage does not indicate when exactly the band was formed, only that it was formed in the early 1980s.

refinement: Paul Handyside (n.d.), David 'Taffy' Hughes, David Porthouse, and Mark Sim started the band in the early 1980s. Three years later in 1989 Steve Price left the band to join a band in Minnesota and they split.

text: It is not indicated in the passage when exactly Steve Price left the band.

refinement: Paul Handyside (n.d.), David 'Taffy' Hughes, David Porthouse, and Mark Sim started the band in the early 1980s. Steve Price left the band and was replaced Adrian Evans.

answer: Hurrah! originally consisted of Paul Handyside, David 'Taffy' Hughes, David Porthouse, and Mark Sim. In 1986, Damien Mahoney was replaced by Steve Price, and Adrian Evans replaced Price when Price left and emigrated to America. The band split up in 1991.

answer: Steve Price was the first drummer replaced. He left in and was replaced by Adrian Evans. He left to join the police force and was replaced with new drummer Steve Price. In 1986, Mahoney left to join the police force and was replaced with Damien Mahoney. Steve Price left the band in 1990. Steve Price and David Porthouse were core members of the band.

text: The entire response is repetitive and incoherent.

refinement: Hurrah! originally compromised of Paul Handyside, David 'Taffy' Hughes, David Porthouse, and Mark Sim. Mark Sim was replaced my Damien Mahoney, who left in 1986. Mahoney was then replaced by Adrian Evans.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the first decade of the band's career.

answer: During their first year as a band, they went on tour with U2 and performed at the music festival where they supported David Bowie. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt.

text: The passage indicates that the band went on tour in 1987, which was not their first year of being a band.

refinement: In 1987, Hurrah! went on tour with U2 and performed at the music festival where they supported David Bowie. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt.

text: The response should include more details about the music festival where they performed.

refinement: In 1987, Hurrah! went on tour with U2 and performed at a music festival in Germany where they supported David Bowie on the Glass Spider tour. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt.

text: The response should include that their touring in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt was facilitated by the British Arts Council.

refinement: In 1987, Hurrah! went on tour with U2 and performed at a music festival in Germany where they supported David Bowie on the Glass Spider tour. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt after accepting an invitation from the British Arts Council.

text: The response is missing information about Hurrah!'s releases throughout their career.

refinement: In 1982, Hurrah!'s second single "Hip Hip" gave the band an indie chart hit. Their third single, "Who'd Have Thought" was another indie hit in 1984. In 1986, they released their first major-label album, titled "Tell God I'm Here." In 1987, Hurrah! went on tour with U2 and performed at a music festival in Germany where they supported David Bowie on the Glass Spider tour. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt after accepting an invitation from the British Arts Council.

answer: Hurrah! was formed in the early 1980s and released their first indie single in 1982. They had one more indie hit with "Hip Hip" in 1983 and signed to Arista Records in 1985. In 1987, they were invited to open for U2 and were part of the "Four Play" tour with Royal Court of China, Will (Sexton), and Northern Pikes. During this period, they released their first major label album and toured Iraq, Egypt, and Jordan sponsored by the British Arts Council. Towards the end of their career the band split up in 1991. Highlights of their first decade include indie hits, touring with U2, becoming signed to a major label and receiving an invitation to tour in Iraq, Egypt, and Jordan.

text: The last sentence of the response is repetitive.

refinement: Hurrah! was formed in the early 1980s and released their first indie single in 1982. They had one more indie hit with "Hip Hip" in 1983 and signed to Arista Records in 1985. In 1987, they were invited to open for U2 and were part of the "Four Play" tour with Royal Court of China, Will (Sexton), and Northern Pikes. During this period, they released their first major label album and toured Iraq, Egypt, and Jordan sponsored by the British Arts Council. Towards the end of their career the band split up in 1991.

answer: Hurrah! formed in the early 1980s. Members included Paul Handyside (born 28 September 1960, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; guitar/vocals), David 'Taffy' Hughes (b. 16 March 1961, Southmoor, Northumberland; guitar/vocals), David Porthouse (b. 17 August 1961, Gateshead;(bass), and Mark Sim (drums). They slowly added additional band members to the lineup. Their first single, "The Sun Shines Here", reached number 25 in the Indie music charts. Second single "Hip Hip" reached number 21 in the indie charts. The eventub set the stage for Kitchenware to introduce the band to Reprise Records. "Sweet Sanity" reached number 84 on the Billboard Top Singles chart in 1986.

text: The information about the band's lineup is unnecessary.

refinement: Hurrah! formed in the early 1980s. Their first single, "The Sun Shines Here", reached number 25 in the Indie music charts. Second single "Hip Hip" reached number 21 in the indie charts. The eventub set the stage for Kitchenware to introduce the band to Reprise Records. "Sweet Sanity" reached number 84 on the Billboard Top Singles chart in 1986.

text: The highlighted portion of the sentence is incoherent.

refinement: Hurrah! formed in the early 1980s. Their first single, "The Sun Shines Here", reached number 25 in the Indie music charts. Second single "Hip Hip" reached number 21 in the indie charts. After being signed to Kitchenware Records, they moved to Arista Records. "Sweet Sanity" reached number 84 on the Billboard Top Singles chart in 1986.

text: The response should include the bands' tours.

refinement: Hurrah! formed in the early 1980s. Their first single, "The Sun Shines Here", reached number 25 in the Indie music charts. Second single "Hip Hip" reached number 21 in the indie charts. After being signed to Kitchenware Records, they moved to Arista Records. "Sweet Sanity" reached number 84 on the Billboard Top Singles chart in 1986. In 1987, Hurrah! went on tour with U2 and performed at a music festival in Germany where they supported David Bowie on the Glass Spider tour. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt after accepting an invitation from the British Arts Council.

answer: Hurrah! were formed in the early 1980s and were active until 1991. The band had three indie hits in the early 1980s, before signing to Arista Records in 1989. Their two major label albums both reached the UK Album Charts at No. 71. After the departure of drummer Steve Price in 1990 and following the release of their final single, the band split up. The band are notable for being one of the first "western" bands to play in Iraq, Egypt and Jordan. Throughout their career, their discography included singles, two major label albums, and one retrospective album.

text: The response should include the band's performance with U2.

refinement: Hurrah! were formed in the early 1980s and were active until 1991. The band had three indie hits in the early 1980s, before signing to Arista Records in 1989. Their two major label albums both reached the UK Album Charts at No. 71. After the departure of drummer Steve Price in 1990 and following the release of their final single, the band split up. The band are notable for being one of the first "western" bands to play in Iraq, Egypt and Jordan. They also opened for U2 on "The Joshua Tree" tour, as well as David Bowie at a German music festival. Throughout their career, their discography included singles, two major label albums, and one retrospective album.

answer: Hurrah! formed in the early 1980s. They were signed to Kitchenware Records and their debut single, "The Sun Shines Here" was released in 1982. Their early recordings were compiled on the Boxed album in 1985. Their first major-label album, "Tell God I'm Here" was released in 1986. The video for "Sweet Sanity" was banned for being controversial, as it featured two women wolding hands. They released their second major-label album, "The Beautiful" in 1989 and were released from their contract that same year.

text: The response should include information about the band's tours.

refinement: Hurrah! formed in the early 1980s. They were signed to Kitchenware Records and their debut single, "The Sun Shines Here" was released in 1982. Their early recordings were compiled on the Boxed album in 1985. Their first major-label album, "Tell God I'm Here" was released in 1986. The video for "Sweet Sanity" was banned for being controversial, as it featured two women wolding hands. They released their second major-label album, "The Beautiful" in 1989 and were released from their contract that same year. In 1987, Hurrah! went on tour with U2 and performed at a music festival in Germany where they supported David Bowie on the Glass Spider tour. Their second year included touring in the US (Coors-sponsored Four Play tour) as well as performing in Iraq, Jordan, and Egypt after accepting an invitation from the British Arts Council.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the band's post break-up activity.

answer: David 'Taffy' Hughes has continued his music career after Hurrah!. He founded a band with a female singer called the Girl with the Replaceable Head, and plays with Sylvia. Paul Handyside released two albums under the name of Bronze. Adrian Evans is a guitar instructor.

text: The passage does not mention that Adrian Evans is a guitar instructor.

refinement: David 'Taffy' Hughes has continued his music career after Hurrah!. He founded a band with a female singer called the Girl with the Replaceable Head, and plays with Sylvia. Paul Handyside released two albums under the name of Bronze.

text: The response should include the name of the band that Hughes started after disbanding from Hurrah!

refinement: David 'Taffy' Hughes has continued his music career after Hurrah!, forming a new band, Star Witness, which was later renamed to Candy Colored Clowns. He founded a band with a female singer called the Girl with the Replaceable Head, and plays with Sylvia. Paul Handyside released two albums under the name of Bronze.

text: The response is missing information about David Porthouse.

refinement: David 'Taffy' Hughes has continued his music career after Hurrah!, forming a new band, Star Witness, which was later renamed to Candy Colored Clowns. He founded a band with a female singer called the Girl with the Replaceable Head, and plays with Sylvia. Paul Handyside released two albums under the name of Bronze. David Porthouse trained a luthier, producing custom built instruments.

answer: After the break-up of Hurrah!, David 'Taffy' Hughes formed Star Witness and released a cassette of rough demos. Paul Handyside released two solo albums. David Porthouse trained as a luthier and produced custom built instruments.

answer: David Hughes formed a new band, Star Witness and also plays with The Girl with the Replaceable Head. Paul Handyside released two albums under the name Bronze. David Porthouse contributed to Paul Handyside's releases and also trained as a luthier.

answer: Hurrah! broke up in 1991 after releasing their last single, “That Dream's Over Now”. David 'Taffy' Hughes formed Star Witness and released a cassette of rough demos. Paul Handyside released two solo albums, and continues to contribute to David Porthouse's musical projects.

answer: David 'Taffy' Hughes formed Star Witness. Paul Handyside released two albums and has several recordings that support Hughes' releases. David Porthouse trained as a luthier and produces custom built instruments and specialises in lap steel guitars.


text:
A stroke of a brush to touch my face up. I have become someone I no longer recognize. As I speak to another potential mate, I'm painting a picture of their perfect partner. Obedient. Mindful. Domestic. I don't have to tell them about my looks. It was evident from the way they assaulted me with their eyes, disrespected me with their hands. It never is about the long run. Only the night.

I make my choice. A striking man with dark hair and gold flecks in his green eyes. He oozes sin. From the lies he promises me to the way he caresses my skin with his lips. No. There is no turning him down tonight. He invites me up into his bed and there is no way for me to resist.

While he steers his hands around my curves, I empty myself. I am not going to think about what drove me here. I am not going to dissect why this is the fourth bed I've climbed into this week. My feelings are shut off, and I turn into a sexual being. I am driven by his desires. Eager to give him what he wants.

Mr. Green Eyes does not disappoint. My appetite is fulfilled one, two, three, five times. He loses control only twice. He calls me out of my name, curses me. It makes him feel good. Controlling. He goes until he can no longer hold his eyes open. He slowly drifts into sleep. I find the bathroom and stare at my despicable self.

My brown hair matches my eyes, reminding me of chocolate. Just like the color of the counter. The color of the sheets of the last bed I slept in. The last one that actually belonged to me. Suddenly, my emotions are on. It all comes flooding back.

A misplaced hand, intentions that were more clear than the sky is blue. But this was all wrong. We are supposed to be in love. This wasn't love that reached out to me. Love wouldn't hit me, knocking me out. Love wouldn't chain me up and abuse me. Love would have freed me before any of this happened.

I am angry. I look to Mr. Green Eyes sleeping peacefully. Suddenly, I am less myself than I have ever been. I search for something, anything that I can use. I find a pen. I walk over to him, and stand over him with alien intentions. I am not in control.

He wakes up as I’m finishing the note and I dart out the door, making my way through the hotel. I find myself outside and I sit on the curb, uncaring of the disgusted glances that are shot my way. At least I know who I am.

Mr. Green Eyes joins me on the curb and I cannot look at his face. I’m ashamed. One night only. I knew the deal. He took my hand gently and I chance a look in his direction. Without alcohol, Mr. Green Eyes has a kindness and sincerity that rests in his eyes. He smiles. Maybe I should call him Mr. Teeth. They are perfect.

He tells me he meant every promise. I want to run away. Find somewhere warm to hide until he forgets about me. Because they all do. His eyes hold me there on that curb. With the gold flecks. His hair with it’s subtle movement.

I wanted to let my inhibitions die. I wanted to let him love me. I wanted him to show me how it was supposed to be and teach me to love back. But life is no fairy tale. I grab my phone number and rip it into tiny pieces. He pats me on the back and that’s when I realize I’m sobbing.

No. I will never know this man. He will never know me. I leave him there and find my way to another hotel. I sleep and eat and shower. I get dressed. I paint my lips with lipstick. I promise that tonight I will be less memorable and more fulfilling than the night before.

title: One Night Only

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about what led the narrator to become promiscuous?

answer: The narrator succumbs to promiscuity out of desperation and a feeling of emptiness. She is unable to find any meaning or love in her partner's desire, and she seeks to fill the void in her life elsewhere.

text: This answer omits that fact that she is an abused woman.

refinement: The narrator succumbs to promiscuity out of desperation and a feeling of emptiness. She is unable to find any meaning or love in her partner's desire, and she seeks to fill the void in her life elsewhere and escape the abuse that she suffers at the hands of another.

answer: The story suggests that the narrator is promiscuous because she has been abused in the past by men claiming to love her. She uses sex in order to escape her feelings of shame and guilt associated with the abuse, but ultimately remains empty inside. The narrator goes through the motions of sex but never allows herself to share a meaningful connection with anyone.

answer: No answer

text: No answer

refinement: The story suggests that the narrator is promiscuous because she has been abused in the past by men claiming to love her. She uses sex in order to escape her feelings of shame and guilt associated with the abuse but ultimately remains empty inside. The narrator goes through the motions of sex but never allows herself to share a meaningful connection with anyone.

answer: No answer

answer: Not caring about how others perceive her, the narrator hops into bed with different men for a one-night stand. This promiscuous behavior resulted from her tumultuous relationship with her partner, who abuses her, leading her to the path of infidelity and promiscuity. It's not until she meets a man, one of her conquests, with whom she feels vulnerable, that she longs for the love and affection being denied her with her partner and the ability to love back. However, she knows that her arrangement with him and every other man she sleeps with is a short-term relationship, after which they forget about her when they part ways.

text: Mixed tenses

refinement: Not caring about how others perceive her, the narrator hops into bed with different men for a one-night stand. This promiscuous behavior is a result of her tumultuous relationship with her partner, who abuses her, leading her to the path of infidelity and promiscuity. It's not until she meets a man, one of her conquests, with whom she feels vulnerable, that she longs for the love and affection being denied her with her partner and the ability to love back. However, she knows that her arrangement with him and every other man she sleeps with is a short-term relationship, after which they forget about her when they part ways.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Describe the narrator's lifestyle and how she feels about it.

answer: The narrator is obviously a woman who frequents one-night stands. She appears to come from a place of want and desperation. She seems to feel empty and ashamed of her decision to engage in one-night stands, but they are all she has. She seems to be driven by needs outside herself and experiences depression and regret following each encounter.

answer: The narrator dresses up and preps herself for a sexual encounter with any random man she meets. She presents herself to them as the ideal partner and eventually makes her choice for the night. The narrator never intends to establish a relationship with any of the men she encounters since it's only a one-night stand. The narrator also chooses to pay no attention to people's disapproval of her because she insists she knows herself, even though becoming a person she can't recognize anymore. In addition, the narrator may not enjoy doing what she does because she longs for affection, which her partner denies her.

answer: The narrator leads a hedonistic lifestyle that is dominated by short-term relationships with random men. She doesn't seem to care much about her emotional well-being, since she gets lost in her sexual desires. She is ashamed of the situation she has created for herself and hates the person she has become. She simply does what she needs to feel satisfied for the moment, without considering the consequences.

answer: The narrator thinks of the men she sleeps with rarely but stays in the game, bouncing from one room to another. She wants the next man to love her and show her what love is supposed to be like. She comes out of one of those nights a shamed and angry person.

answer: The narrator gave up personal relationships for a promiscuous life in which she oscillates from having several, nightly affairs

text: Confusing sentence. It sounds as though she has more than one affair each night

refinement: The narrator gave up personal relationships for a promiscuous life in which she moves from one one-night stand to the next

text: Incomplete answer

refinement: The narrator leads a hedonistic lifestyle that is dominated by short-term relationships with random men. She doesn't seem to care much about her emotional well-being, since she gets lost in her sexual desires. She is ashamed of the situation she has created for herself and hates the person she has become. She simply does what she needs to feel satisfied for the moment, without considering the consequences.


title: Grand Pass Township, Saline County, Missouri

question: Where is the Grand Pass Township?

answer: The Grand Pass Township is located in the U.S. state of Missouri.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

answer: The Grand Pass Township is located in Saline County, Missouri.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

answer: It is in Saline County, Missouri.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

answer: The Grand Pass Township is in Saline County, Missouri.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

question: Is the township currently populated?

answer: No, the township is currently inactive.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

answer: No, it is inactive.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

answer: No, the township is inactive.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

answer: Based on the information given, it is unclear whether or not the township is currently populated.

text: GRAND PASS TOWNSHIP is an inactive township in Saline County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

question: When was the township created?

answer: The township was created in 1841.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

answer: The township was created in 1841.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

answer: The township of Grand Pass was created in 1841.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

answer: 1841

text: I made it a complete sentence.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

question: Where does the township get its name from?

answer: The township gets its name from a mountain pass within its borders.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

answer: The township gets its name from a mountain pass within its borders.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

answer: The township is named after a mountain pass within its borders.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

answer: The township gets its name from the mountain pass within its borders.

text: Grand Pass Township was erected in 1841, taking its name from a mountain pass within its borders.[2]

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: The Grand Pass Township located in Missouri was built in 1841. The township gets its name from a mountain pass within its borders. There are currently no inhabitants.

text: We don't know for sure if there are no inhabitants or who qualifies as an inhabitant.

refinement: The Grand Pass Township located in Missouri was built in 1841. The township gets its name from a mountain pass within its borders.

answer: Grand Pass Township is an inactive township in Saline County, Missouri. It was erected in 1841 and takes its name from a mountain pass within its borders.

answer: Grand Pass Township is an inactive township in Saline County, Missouri. It was erected in 1841 and takes its name from a mountain pass within its borders.

answer: Grand Pass Township was created in 1841 and takes its name from a mountain pass within its borders. The township is now inactive.