text:
1

It had only been a few days since we had left the mainland, and only a week since the infection had been first reported. Corpses scattered across war zones, covered with the settled remnants of radioactive dust from chemical weapons had begun reacting... twitching... moving. It was only a day later that the first scientists and reporters became the first victims and the first living humans turned. From there, the destruction and rate of infection had exploded.

Within 24 hours of the firsts, reports came in of massive hordes of reanimated corpses occupying major cities... turning all that stood in their way. Several countries tried sending their armies to quell the situation, but that only worsened it. Guns only did so much to zombie armies, hundreds of thousands deep, and with large explosions from tanks and bombs, came even wider contamination due to the chemicals in the corpses being disturbed and pushed higher into the atmosphere. It had become airborne...

The only escape was to rural areas, or to the sea. I chose the latter... it was only a matter of time before even the rural areas would not be as safe as people had hoped.

"LAAAAAAND!"

An island... Those in charge had said that there we would be safe from any sort of infection. We were students and teachers. Soldiers and doctors. Men, women, and children. We were, quite possibly, one of the few hopes for maintaining the species.

"Where the hell are we?" Sgt. Reynolds barked at one of the older gentlemen who had been appointed captain of the vessel. The original captain was... well, he didn't make it. Reynolds was a former Drill Instructor and has taken to appointing himself the leader of our group. At least we had someone to tell us what to do... Most of us were so disillusioned with the situation that we could barely talk.

There were only a few dozen of us who had made it onto the ship from the harbor. It was a miracle any of us had made it off the mainland alive, and even more so considering the only food we had we were lucky enough to have recovered from the bowels of the ship. It seemed as if the original captain had been preparing to live at sea until he could come up with a plan as to how the hell he could survive in a world full of flesh devouring corpses... But food for one man only goes so far between a group.
Zombies. They were fucking zombies. All of the films and stories had done nothing more than make us lower our guard as to how real a possibility the walking dead were.

"I have no idea, but we don't have the resources to care right now."
Most everyone was on deck, now, staring at the monolithic island before us. Whether we liked it or not, it was our new home, for now anyways. I, for one, was eager to get off the ship. I had always been afraid of the emptiness of the ocean. Funny how little your fear of the unknown matters when you’re faced with fear of something much greater and much more terrifying. Still, it felt great to know I would be able to step off of that heap I considered to be my floating coffin.
Staring at the coastline, all I could see was sand, and a thick tree line leading into a lush forest. I was looking at trees I had never seen before that looked like they had been there for far longer than I could imagine. Vines and thick brush started to come into view the closer we got. And then something in the trees... Fruit! Or at least something that resembled the fruit I was familiar with! We were going to be able to survive for at least some time longer. Relief flooded my body. Relief that we were going to be ok. That I wasn't going to die at sea with no hope of survival. Relief that...

My eyes locked onto something in the underbrush as we closed in further on the island. Something reflective... but what? The relief turned to panic as I realized what I was staring at. We were being watched. Those were eyes.

I glanced around for Reynolds. We needed to be prepared that we might have company when we landed. The undead? Impossible. Not this far out, there was no way. By the time I had looked back, the eyes were no longer visible to me. Maybe I was seeing things...
"Start unloading some supplies for a reconnaissance team to check out the island and we'll see if we can find any food, shelter, or signs of intelligence on this rock." Reynolds booming voice effortlessly carried itself.

I had convinced myself that I just needed to get off of the boat when a shriek erupted from the forest. A sound like nothing I had ever heard. The sound of a screaming jet engine combined with the emotional tones of something living... something communicating. Birds flew from the canopy of the forest as we all stared silently into the mysterious interior of the island.

"It doesn't matter, we can't stay on board," Reynolds projected over the deck, already knowing what we were all silently wondering.
"Besides, nothing can really be as bad or as frightening as what we've all already seen and been through..."

None of us could have possibly known how wrong he was.

title: I'm writing a short story... well, it's turning into a long story, about zombies and dinosaurs.  I would love some feedback.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the text say about the setting of the story?

answer: The setting is an island that is supposedly safe from the zombie plague that has taken over the mainland. The island is initially mysterious, but it is later revealed to have something lurking in its corners - something that makes scary sounds. The story is horror-based and the setting is mysterious and potentially dangerous.

text: The last sentence doesn't add much value to the answer.

refinement: The setting is an island that is supposedly safe from the zombie plague that has taken over the mainland. The island is initially mysterious, but it is later revealed to have something lurking in its corners - something that makes scary sounds.

text: The answer implies that the group may have surveyed or scouted the island. They hear the creature's sounds before landing, however.

refinement: The setting is an island that is supposedly safe from the zombie plague that has taken over the mainland. The island seems safe from a distance, but they hear a shrieking sound of a creature before they land, which turns out to be really bad.

answer: The setting of the story is an island that has been overrun by zombies and dinosaurs. The author implies that the island is uninhabited or unsafe because of the zombie and dinosaur presence, though there are trees bearing fruit and signs of intelligent life. The protagonist and others are wary of what they might find on the island while in transit to shore. The story seems to take place in an apocalyptic future where mankind has been completely overwhelmed by the undead and dinosaurs. The atmosphere seems fraught with danger and uncertainty.

text: There's no dinosaur mentioned in the story. The creature at the end is implied to be one given the title.

refinement: The setting of the story is an island that has been overrun by zombies. The author implies that the island is uninhabited or unsafe because of the zombie presence, though there are trees bearing fruit and signs of intelligent life. The protagonist and others are wary of what they might find on the island while in transit to shore. The story seems to take place in an apocalyptic future where mankind has been completely overwhelmed by the undead. The atmosphere seems fraught with danger and uncertainty.

text: The island isn't overrun with zombies as far as they know.

refinement: The setting of the story is an island. There are trees bearing fruit and signs of intelligent life. The protagonist and others are wary of what they might find on the island while in transit to shore. The story seems to take place in an apocalyptic future where mankind has been completely overwhelmed by the undead. The atmosphere seems fraught with danger and uncertainty.

text: There's no known intelligent life on the island. They talk about scouting for intelligent life.

refinement: The setting of the story is an island. There are trees bearing fruit. The protagonist and others are wary of what they might find on the island while in transit to shore. The story seems to take place in an apocalyptic future where mankind has been completely overwhelmed by the undead. The atmosphere seems fraught with danger and uncertainty.

text: The narrator is initially hopeful about the island. We don't know what others think or feel.

refinement: The setting of the story is an island. There are trees bearing fruit. The protagonist is hopeful when they are approaching the island. The story seems to take place in an apocalyptic future where mankind has been completely overwhelmed by the undead. The atmosphere seems fraught with danger and uncertainty.

text: Instead of saying the atmosphere is dangerous, the answer should mention the incoming threat.

refinement: The setting of the story is an island. There are trees bearing fruit. The protagonist is hopeful when they are approaching the island. The story seems to take place in an apocalyptic future where mankind has been completely overwhelmed by the undead. They hear a loud, terrifying shriek just before landing, which is implied to be a dinosaur from the title.

answer: The story is about a group of people who escape a zombie apocalypse and stranded at sea. The only land they can set their eyes on when looking out of the sea is the monolithic island, which is the foothold the group chose to rescue the surface world from the deadly undead menace.

text: The group isn't stranded at sea.

refinement: The story is about a group of people who escape a zombie apocalypse in search of an island at sea. The only land they can set their eyes on when looking out of the sea is the monolithic island, which is the foothold the group chose to rescue the surface world from the deadly undead menace.

text: "The only land they can set their eyes on when looking out of the sea is the monolithic island, which is the foothold the group chose to rescue the surface world from the deadly undead menace." The sentence is confusing and misleading. There's no intent to "rescue the surface world from the deadly undead menace." It should mention instead that the narrator is initially hopeful, but they hear a scary scream before landing.

refinement: The story is about a group of people who escape a zombie apocalypse in search of an island at sea. The narrator is hopeful about their survival when they see the island for the first time, but just before they land, they hear a terrifying shriek - the title of the story implies the sound belongs to a dinosaur.

answer: The story takes place in a zombie/dinosaur apocalypse. The narrator and the survivors made it to a boat and are trying to sail to safety when they spot an island, which they hope to use as a base of operations.

text: The survivors are searching for an island to live on, they don't intend to use it as a base of operations.

refinement: The story takes place in a zombie/dinosaur apocalypse. The narrator and the survivors made it to a boat and are trying to sail to safety when they spot an island, which they hope to live on.

text: The answer omits the implied dinosaur.

refinement: The story takes place in a zombie/dinosaur apocalypse. The narrator and the survivors made it to a boat and are trying to sail to safety when they spot an island, which they hope to live on. They hear a terrifying shriek just before landing on the island, implied to be a dinosaur by the title.

answer: The story is set after a war that involved radioactive dust from chemical weapons. It is an apocalyptic future wherein the corpses scattered across the war zones reacted with the radioactive chemicals and began to reanimate into zombies. Within 24 hours, massive hordes of reanimated corpses were occupying major cities and turning everyone into zombies. Military intervention only made matters worse as the explosions pushed the chemicals higher into the atmosphere and the infection became airborne.

text: Military intervention is irrelevant.

refinement: The story is set after a war that involved radioactive dust from chemical weapons. It is an apocalyptic future wherein the corpses scattered across the war zones reacted with the radioactive chemicals and began to reanimate into zombies. Within 24 hours, massive hordes of reanimated corpses were occupying major cities and turning everyone into zombies.

text: The answer omits that the narrator and some other survivors board a ship in search of an island. When they find one, a dinosaur is implied to be there.

refinement: The story is set after a war that involved radioactive dust from chemical weapons. It is an apocalyptic future wherein the corpses scattered across the war zones reacted with the radioactive chemicals and began to reanimate into zombies. Within 24 hours, massive hordes of reanimated corpses were occupying major cities and turning everyone into zombies. The narrator and some other survivors board a ship and search for an island. They find one, but a dinosaur is implied to be there.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about humanity's last hope of maintaining the species?

answer: The story indicates that humanity's last hope for maintaining the species is to surivive on a remote island. There are many uncertainties about the island, but there is potential for food, shelter, and signs of intelligence. However, there are also potential dangers, such as zombies, and a strange shrieking sound from the forest. It appears that the odds of humanity surviving are at best uncertain and at worst considerable risk.

text: There's no sign of intelligence mentioned on the island.

refinement: The story indicates that humanity's last hope for maintaining the species is to surivive on a remote island. There are many uncertainties about the island, but there is potential for food and shelter. However, there are also potential dangers, such as zombies, and a strange shrieking sound from the forest. It appears that the odds of humanity surviving are at best uncertain and at worst considerable risk.

text: "Survive" is misspelled.

refinement: The story indicates that humanity's last hope for maintaining the species is to survive on a remote island. There are many uncertainties about the island, but there is potential for food and shelter. However, there are also potential dangers, such as zombies, and a strange shrieking sound from the forest. It appears that the odds of humanity surviving are at best uncertain and at worst considerable risk.

text: The narrator thinks his group is one of the few remaining ones that can repopulate. The answer omits this.

refinement: The story indicates that humanity's last hope for maintaining the species is to survive on a remote island. There are many uncertainties about the island, but there is potential for food and shelter. However, there are also potential dangers, such as zombies, and a strange shrieking sound from the forest. It appears that the odds of humanity surviving are at best uncertain and at worst considerable risk. The narrator thinks their group is one of the few remaining groups if there are any others.

answer: They are a group of a few dozen survivors on board a ship out at sea, searching for an island. The group consisted of men, women, and children. They were students, teachers, soldiers, and doctors led by Sgt. Reynolds, a former Drill Instructor who took it upon himself to be the group's leader because everyone was too disillusioned with the situation and could barely talk. The group needs to find land to survive because they have no supplies left.

text: The answer omits the implications for species survival while stating the requisite facts about it.

refinement: They are a group of a few dozen survivors on board a ship out at sea, searching for an island. The group consisted of men, women, and children. They were students, teachers, soldiers, and doctors led by Sgt. Reynolds, a former Drill Instructor who took it upon himself to be the group's leader because everyone was too disillusioned with the situation and could barely talk. The group needs to find land to survive because they have no supplies left. They are one of the few groups that can repopulate the human race if there are any others left.

answer: The story shows that the last hope of maintaining the species is a ship full of survivors fleeing the mainland and the walking dead. The survivors are nervous and frightened, but they are also ready to set down and start rebuilding. The crew is motivated by the possibility of sustenance and shelter on the island. The arrival to the island seems promising, with fruit in the trees, but this hope is quickly marred by the discovery of a pair of reveiling eyes in the underbrush and a strange shrieking noise. While the crew does not know what to expect on the island, all of them know it cannot possibly be as bad as what they have already faced. At least so they hope.

text: The last two sentences are irrelevant.

refinement: The story shows that the last hope of maintaining the species is a ship full of survivors fleeing the mainland and the walking dead. The survivors are nervous and frightened, but they are also ready to set down and start rebuilding. The crew is motivated by the possibility of sustenance and shelter on the island. The arrival to the island seems promising, with fruit in the trees, but this hope is quickly marred by the discovery of a pair of reveiling eyes in the underbrush and a strange shrieking noise.

text: "Revealing" is misspelled.

refinement: The story shows that the last hope of maintaining the species is a ship full of survivors fleeing the mainland and the walking dead. The survivors are nervous and frightened, but they are also ready to set down and start rebuilding. The crew is motivated by the possibility of sustenance and shelter on the island. The arrival to the island seems promising, with fruit in the trees, but this hope is quickly marred by the discovery of a pair of revealing eyes in the underbrush and a strange shrieking noise.

text: The answer omits the narrator's thoughts about being one of the few groups that can repopulate.

refinement: The story shows that the last hope of maintaining the species is a ship full of survivors fleeing the mainland and the walking dead. The survivors are nervous and frightened, but they are also ready to set down and start rebuilding. The crew is motivated by the possibility of sustenance and shelter on the island. The arrival to the island seems promising, with fruit in the trees, but this hope is quickly marred by the discovery of a pair of revealing eyes in the underbrush and a strange shrieking noise. The narrator thinks they are one of the few remaining groups that can repopulate if there are any others.

answer: According to the story, zombies and dinosaurs made their way on Earth after nuclear weapons were dropped and killed a majority of people. Only a group of students and teachers, who are now shipmates, are humanity's last hope of maintaining the species.

text: The answer is broadly wrong in all details it mentions.

text: The answer is empty.

refinement: The narrator thinks their group is one of the last few remaining hopes for the survival of the species. The mainland is covered in zombies and radioactive and chemical weapons' aftereffects. They are going to an island with a dinosaur there, as implied by the title and the commentary at the end.

answer: In the story, people aboard a ship have discovered an island, which had supposedly been intended to be their safe haven. They were students, teachers, soldiers and doctors with the hope of preserving the human species.

text: The answer omits the challenges to the species' survival.

refinement: In the story, people aboard a ship have discovered an island, which had supposedly been intended to be their safe haven. They were students, teachers, soldiers and doctors with the hope of preserving the human species. The mainland is covered in zombies and radioactive and chemical weapons' aftereffects. A dinosaur is implied to be on the island.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the story say about the island the group was heading for?

answer: The group was heading for an island in a world ravaged by a zombie apocalypse. The group was being led by Sgt. Reynolds; everyone on board was either a student or teacher. Most of the group seems to be disillusioned, and no one knows what to do.

text: The group dynamics are irrelevant.

refinement: The group was heading for an island in a world ravaged by a zombie apocalypse.

text: The answer doesn't mention anything about the island.

refinement: The group was heading for an island in a world ravaged by a zombie apocalypse. The narrator notices fruits on some trees beside the beach, but the terrifying shriek they hear before landing is a bad omen. The title of the story implies there's a dinosaur on the island.

answer: The mysterious island is monolithic and the group's new home for now whether they like it or not. From the deck of the ship, the island had a coastline with sand and a thick treeline that led to a lush forest. The trees, vines, and thick brush didn't resemble any known species and looked prehistoric, but some trees bore fruit. The island was inhabited by something that was watching the group from the underbrush, letting out a shriek that sounded like a screaming jet engine that has come alive.

text: Nothing is mentioned to be "prehistoric" in the text.

refinement: The mysterious island is monolithic and the group's new home for now whether they like it or not. From the deck of the ship, the island had a coastline with sand and a thick treeline that led to a lush forest. The trees, vines, and thick brush didn't resemble any known species, but some trees bore fruit. The island was inhabited by something that was watching the group from the underbrush, letting out a shriek that sounded like a screaming jet engine that has come alive.

answer: The island is mysterious and there are signs that something alive is inhabiting it. Whether the danger is undead zombies or something else remains to be seen. It is unclear what the long-term ramifications of being on the island will be.

text: The title and the noise imply the danger on the island is dinosaurs.

refinement: The island is mysterious and there are signs that something alive is inhabiting it. The danger is implied to be a dinosaur. It is unclear what the long-term ramifications of being on the island will be.

text: The long-term effects are implied to be dire.

refinement: The island is mysterious and there are signs that something alive is inhabiting it. The danger is implied to be a dinosaur. The long-term ramifications of being on the island will be dire.

answer: The island is mysterious and unknown, but it is also presumed to be safer than the mainland, or at least safer than the ocean. The island is also seen as a refuge amidst all of the destruction and horror of zombies, but there is an uncertainty of what could be hiding on the island.

text: The danger on the island is a dinosaur, implied to have very dire consequences.

refinement: The island is mysterious and unknown, but it is also presumed to be safer than the mainland, or at least safer than the ocean. The island is also seen as a refuge amidst all of the destruction and horror of zombies, but there is a dinosaur implied to be on it. The story ends with the mention that the future will be very scary.

text: The answer omits the narrator's observations while they are approaching the island.

refinement: The island is mysterious and unknown, but it is also presumed to be safer than the mainland, or at least safer than the ocean. The island is also seen as a refuge amidst all of the destruction and horror of zombies, but there is a dinosaur implied to be on it. The narrator is initially hopeful about their survival, seeing the fruits on the trees. The story ends with the mention that the future will be very scary.

answer: No one seems to know if the island is inhabited or not, there was no contact with humans since the infection occurred. The island looks beautiful and there might be food as the island is full of fruit trees. The island also has a coastline full of sand and a thick tree line.

text: The first sentence is wrong and incoherent. The human contact part is made up, and the related conclusion is not useful for the question.

refinement: The island looks beautiful and there might be food as the island is full of fruit trees. The island also has a coastline full of sand and a thick tree line.

text: The answer omits the dangers lurking on the island.

refinement: The island looks beautiful and there might be food as the island is full of fruit trees. The island also has a coastline full of sand and a thick tree line. However, a terrifying shriek gives bad omens about what's expecting them on the island. The future is mentioned to be very scary for the group.


split: train

text:
Last night was one of the wildest nights of news I can ever recall.

With Boston already on edge in the wake of the bombing of the Boston Marathon, the two suspects fingered by the FBI on Thursday set off on a rampage.

First, news came of the murder of an MIT police officer, which looked like a possible signal that the suspects had been on campus. Not long afterward, it emerged that there had been a 7-Eleven robbery nearby shortly before the shooting. And then reports of dozens of speeding cop cars, gunfire, and explosions in Cambridge and Watertown. The two suspected terrorists had carjacked a Mercedes SUV, kidnapped its driver (letting the victim go, unharmed, after thirty minutes), and led cops on a chase through the Boston suburbs, tossing bombs out the windows—as if in a video game—and shooting at police. At least one officer was hit.

Suspect No. 1, who reportedly had an IED strapped to his chest, is dead. Suspect No. 2 is on the loose, and much of Boston is effectively shut down. There’s what is effectively a daytime curfew in six suburbs, including Watertown and Cambridge, with residents told to not leave their homes and for businesses to remain and the entire Boston mass transit system has been shuttered.

It was and still is a fluid, fast-moving, murky, and deadly news situation.

From everything I saw all night from the West Coast, the press performed admirably. _The Boston Globe_ had reporters on the scene and set up a liveblogto collect their tweets and pictures. It scooped that the suspects being pursued were indeed the marathon bombing suspects.

The local TV news that I watched was measured and responsible, but broke news. WHDH was first to report, well before anyone else, that one of the suspects was dead.

NBC’s Pete Williams led the national reporting with solid, authoritative reports, and the AP got a couple of big scoops, including the name of the suspect at large. The journalist Seth Mnookin, who teaches at MIT, provided vivid reportage from the scene on Twitter. Andrew Kitzenberg, a citizen, had terrificeyewitness reports and photos from his window, where he saw the two suspects, brothers Dzhokhar and Tamerlan Tsarnaev, exchange gunfire with police and throw an unwieldy bomb at them, with Dzhokhar escaping after driving toward police.

And then there were the keyboard crimefighters at Reddit. At one point a police dispatcher, apparently incorrectly, said that the suspects’ names were Sunil Tripathi, a Brown student who disappeared last month, and Mike Mulugeta. Reddit, still smarting from the backlash to their amateur sleuthing, took a very premature victory lap, as you can see here:

[]

Here’s a sample:

  Reddit will soon replace the FBI…

  Dang, put the old media to shame!…

  This is historic Internet sleuthing. I Facebook linked his page hours before and someone took it off my profile…

  Good job Reddit, we caught him!

Maybe next time, guys.

_Has America ever needed a media watchdog more than now? Help us by joining CJR today._

RYAN CHITTUM IS A FORMER _WALL STREET JOURNAL_ REPORTER, AND DEPUTY EDITOR OF THE AUDIT, CJR'S BUSINESS SECTION. IF YOU SEE NOTABLE BUSINESS JOURNALISM, GIVE HIM A HEADS-UP AT [EMAIL PROTECTED]. FOLLOW HIM ON TWITTER AT @RYANCHITTUM. Tags: Boston Marathon, future of news, old media, Reddit, terrorism

question: What is the main topic of this article?

answer: The main topic of this article is the Boston Marathon bombing and the subsequent manhunt for the suspects.

text: The answer should also include that the article discusses the press coverage of the events.

refinement: The main topic of this article is the Boston Marathon bombing and the subsequent manhunt for the suspects, as well as the press coverage of the events.

answer: The main topic of this article is the Boston Marathon bombing and the aftermath.

text: The answer should also include that the article discusses the press coverage of the events.

refinement: The main topic of this article is the Boston Marathon bombing and the aftermath, as well as the press coverage of the events.

answer: The main topic of this article is the events that unfolded in Boston on April 19th, 2013, in the wake of the Boston Marathon bombing. Specifically, the article discusses the press coverage of the events, as well as the actions of Reddit users in the aftermath.

text: The date of the events is not mentioned.

refinement: The main topic of this article is the events that unfolded in Boston in the wake of the Boston Marathon bombing. Specifically, the article discusses the press coverage of the events, as well as the actions of Reddit users in the aftermath.

answer: The main topic of this article is how the news behaved in reporting the rampage involving the Boston Marathon bombing suspects that occurred after the bombing.

question: How does Reddit become involved?

answer: Reddit becomes involved when a police dispatcher mistakenly reports the names of the suspects in the Boston Marathon bombing as Sunil Tripathi and Mike Mulugeta. Reddit users quickly take to the site to celebrate their apparent victory, before it is revealed that the names were incorrect.

answer: Reddit becomes involved when a police dispatcher incorrectly says that the suspects' names are Sunil Tripathi and Mike Mulugeta.

answer: Reddit becomes involved when a police dispatcher incorrectly says that the suspects' names are Sunil Tripathi and Mike Mulugeta. Reddit, still smarting from the backlash to their amateur sleuthing, takes a premature victory lap.

answer: Reddit users became involved in the investigation, but one improperly and prematurely claimed they identified the suspect.

text: The use of the word "one" is confusing.

refinement: Reddit users became involved in the investigation, but users improperly and prematurely claimed they identified the suspect.

question: Why does the author think America needs a media watchdog?

answer: The author believes that America needs a media watchdog because the press performed admirably during the Boston Marathon bombing and the Boston Marathon bombing suspects' rampage.

text: While these are valid reasons for drawing these conclusions, the author does not state this explicitly anywhere in the body of the article.

refinement: The author does not explicitly state why they believe America needs a media watchdog.

answer: The author believes that America needs a media watchdog because of the fast-moving and murky news situation surrounding the Boston Marathon bombing suspects. The author believes that the press performed admirably during the chaotic night, but that Reddit's premature victory lap shows that there is still room for improvement.

text: While these are valid reasons for drawing these conclusions, the author does not state this explicitly anywhere in the body of the article.

refinement: The author does not explicitly state why they believe America needs a media watchdog.

answer: It seems the author thinks America needs a media watchdog because of the amateur wannabe investigators who are identifying innocent people.

text: While these are valid reasons for drawing these conclusions, the author does not state this explicitly anywhere in the body of the article.

refinement: The author does not explicitly state why they believe America needs a media watchdog.

answer: The author thinks America needs a media watchdog because the media is not doing a good job.

text: The author did not say this in the article.

refinement: The author does not explicitly state why they believe America needs a media watchdog.

question: What is WHDH?

answer: According to the passage, WHDH is a local TV news station that was among the first to break news about the Boston Marathon bombing suspects.

answer: It is a local TV news station.

answer: It seems it is a local new channel.

answer:
A. A news station in Boston
B. A news station in New York
C. A news station in Los Angeles
D. A news station in Chicago

text: This is a series of answers, not a single answer.

question: Write a ~3 sentence summary.

answer: Two suspects in the Boston Marathon bombing were on the run last night, leading police on a chaotic chase through the Boston suburbs. One suspect was killed, and the other is still at large. The press has been on top of the story, with the Boston Globe liveblogging updates and breaking news first. However, Reddit users prematurely claimed to have identified one of the suspects, which turned out to be incorrect.

answer: The main topic of this article is how the news behaved in reporting the rampage involving the Boston Marathon bombing suspects that occurred after the bombing. The author gives credit to the press' performance, but was irritated with Reddit. Reddit users became involved in the investigation, but one improperly and prematurely claimed they identified the suspect.

answer: The Boston Marathon bombing suspects were identified by the FBI on Thursday, and the two brothers set off on a rampage. The suspects were killed or captured, and Boston was put on lockdown.

text: The summary must contain some mention of the author's evaluation of the press' reporting of the events.

refinement: The Boston Marathon bombing suspects were identified by the FBI on Thursday, and the two brothers set off on a rampage. The suspects were killed or captured, and Boston was put on lockdown.

answer: The author describes the events of the Boston Marathon bombing and the subsequent manhunt for the suspects. The author describes the press' performance as "admirable" and praises the Boston Globe for their liveblog. The author also criticizes Reddit for prematurely celebrating the capture of the suspects.


text:
YOUNG ZULU KID (born GIUSEPPE DI MELFI, April 22, 1897 – April 20, 1971) was a professional boxer.[1]

He lost to Jimmy Wilde for the first ever world flyweight boxing championship.[2]

Di Melfi also lost to Frankie Burns.[3]

He also defeated Jackie Sharkey.[4]

Di Melfi has a child named Joe Di Melfi who has recently been on The Michael Kay Show.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

title: Young Zulu Kid

question: Who was Young Zulu Kid?

answer: Young Zulu Kid was a professional boxer.

text: The passage states Young Zulu Kid was a professional boxer.

answer: He was a professional boxer who won some fights.

answer: A professional boxer.

text: This response needs to be put into a proper sentence.

refinement: Young Zulu Kid was a professional boxer.

question: What was Young Zulu Kid's birth name?

answer: Young Zulu Kid (born Giuseppe Di Melfi) was born in 1897.

text: Additional detail is provided that is not needed to answer this question and should be omitted.

refinement: Young Zulu Kid was born as Giuseppe Di Melfi.

text: In parenthesis is Young Zulu Kid's birth name: Giuseppe Di Melfi

answer: The Young Zulu Kid was born as Giuseppe di Melfi.

answer: Young Zulu Kid's birth name was Guiseppe di Melfi.

question: Did Young Zulu Kid win the first-ever world flyweight boxing championship?

answer: No, he lost to Jimmy Wilde in that competition.

answer: While Young Zulu Kid did fight for the world flyweight boxing championship, he did not come out victorious; Jimmy Wilde was the winner.

answer: No, Young Zulu Kid to Jimmy Wilde.

text: The addition of the verb "lost" is needed to complete this response.

text: In what did Young Zulu Kid lose to Jimmy Wilde? This question needs to be answered.

refinement: No, Young Zulu Kid lost to Jimmy Wilde in the first-ever world flyweight boxing championship.

question: Where was Young Zulu Kid from?

answer: It is not stated.

answer: The passage does not specify from where he was from, but the title of the passage is "Young Zulu Kid".

text: Additional detail is provided in this response that can be omitted.

refinement: The passage does not specify from where he was from.

answer: Young Zulu Kid was born in Italy and passed away in 1971.

text: This response has answers that are not stated in the passage.

refinement: Young Zulu Kid was born in Italy and passed away in 1971.

question: Write a ~2 sentence summary.

answer: Young Zulu Kid, born Guiseppe di Melfi (1897 – 1971) was a professional boxer. He lost to Jimmy Wilde and Frankie Burns and defeated Jackie Sharkey.

text: The phrasing of this response is awkward and needs to be fixed.

refinement: Young Zulu Kid, born Guiseppe di Melfi, was a professional boxer. He lost to Jimmy Wilde and Frankie Burns and defeated Jackie Sharkey.

answer: Di Mefli was a professional boxer and he lost to Jimmy Wilde for the first ever world flyweight boxing championship.

text: Adding the details of who else Di Mefli fought with would enhance the overall summary.

refinement: Di Mefli was a professional boxer and he lost to Jimmy Wilde for the first ever world flyweight boxing championship and Frankie Burns. Di Melfi did defeat Jackie Sharkey.

answer: Young Zulu Kid was a professional boxer. He was born in 1897 and died in 1971.

text: The dates of when Young Zulu Kid was born and died are not the most important and can be included in with other important details to make the summary stronger.

refinement: Young Zulu Kid (1897-1971) was a professional boxer who won and lost against many other boxers.

answer: Young Zulu Kid was a professional boxer. He is a competitor in the sport flyweight.

answer: Young Zulu Kid was born Giuseppe Di Melfi. He was born in 1897 and he was a professional boxer.

answer: Young Zulu Kid, born Giuseppe Di Melfi, was a professional boxer who lost to Jimmy Wilde for the first ever world flyweight boxing championship. He also lost to Frankie Burns, and defeated Jackie Sharkey.


text:
[]For months now I’ve been experiencing some serious cognitive dissonance. I think it actually started over a year ago while I was staying at the Occupy San Francisco encampment set up in front of the Federal Reserve. I was invited, among others, to speak about the history and function of the Fed. In 2003 Edward Griffin’s book, “The Creature from Jekyll Island” set a brush fire in my mind, and I have largely used his arguments against the Fed, specifically that the Federal Reserve is not Federal, and not a reserve. Griffin adds that the Federal Reserve System is not a system, but that distinction really only carried weight at a time when calling it a “system” obfuscated the fact that it’s a central bank. These days most people don’t mind a central bank the way they did in 1913, but hearing for the first time that the Federal Reserve is not Federal can be jarring for people, and often it gets their attention long enough to explain that it’s actually a cartel of private banks issuing a debt based fiat currency. But at Occupy San Francisco I learned that there’s a whole different way that some people look at the problem.

One group, we’ll call them “Gold Bugs,” tends to focus on the “Reserve” part of the lie, railing against the folly of fiat money, and advocating a gold backed national currency. But there’s another group, which I’ve since learned are called “Green Backers” who focus on the “Federal” part of the lie. In their view paper isn’t the problem, and gold isn’t the answer. Private profit is the problem, and nationalizing the Fed so that the issuance of fiat paper is controlled by Congress is the answer.

Now, I’ve learned enough along the way to know that “nationalize” is a dirty word, but because of Edward Griffin and all the Gold Bug talking points I’d picked up I was accustomed to arguing that the Fed being privately held was at least part of the problem. So, that contradiction bounced back and forth in my head like a tennis ball for about a year. But now, thanks to Ben Stone from Bad Quaker Dot Com I think I’ve reconciled my thinking.

Ben recently did an episode of the Bad Quaker Podcast titled “Do Libertarians Want Government to Fix Government” in which he discusses a wide variety of issues in his delightful meandering way. In it he asserts, in no uncertain terms, that the Federal Reserve is a private corporation, and libertarians have no business asking Congress to audit or abolish privately held companies. Well, that scratched my brain right where it itched.

For some reason, even though libertarians trumpet that the Fed is a private banking cartel, we’ve been treating the problem as if it was a government agency, just as we’ve advocated the abolition of the IRS, or the Department of Education or the CIA. In reality we should take the same approach we take with all corporations. We should be dissolving the public/private partnership. The problem is not profit. The problem is not bureaucracy. The problem is not even economics. The problem is aggression. The problem is the monopoly privilege granted to the Fed by the State through legal tender laws. That is why Senator Nelson Aldrich was invited to that meeting of bankers on Jekyll Island in 1910. If they’d just wanted to form a cartel they wouldn’t have needed a Senator. They needed Aldrich because they needed the color of law.

Fundamentally I don’t care if they audit the Fed. There is nothing Congress could tell me about the Federal Reserve that would convince me to support it. But now I’m thinking I don’t really care if they abolish the Fed either. Why shouldn’t Ben Bernanke print as much paper as he wants? It’s no crime to put ink to paper. Destroying the value of paper by overprinting is no more a tax than destroying the value of iPods by over manufacturing would be. But we wouldn’t demand a congressional audit of Apple. The same economics applies. The Federal Reserve’s product is dollars. What business is it of Congress how much product a private company produces, or what they sell it for, or who they lend it to?

The act of aggression in the Federal Reserve System is not the printing of money, or the inflation of prices. It’s the enforcement of legal tender laws, and the stifling of competition by the State. It’s the fact that the State demands taxes in dollars, so even if the counter economy had sufficient labor, commodity and capital to sustain without transacting in the dollar economy the Feds would still come after us demanding dollars. It’s the fact that the State goes after almost every viable alternative currency whether it’s the Liberty Dollar or the Gold Dinar and finds some pretense to shut them down. Without this aggression from the State the value of paper would be subject to natural market forces and the Federal Reserve would be little more than a novelty certificate printing company.

So, I’m going to keep wearing my End the Fed t-shirt, and so should you if you’ve got one. But when people ask me what it means I’m not going to go into a long rant about the history and function of the Federal Reserve. I’m going to tell them what I really want deep down. I want to abolish the Federal Government.

Tags: Bad Quaker, Ben Stone, Edward Griffin, End the Fed, Federal Reserve, Jekyll Island, Occupy San Francisco

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Why has the author been experiencing cognitive dissonance?

answer: The contradictory beliefs that the issue with the Federal Reserve is that they are privately held but that forcing them to nationalize is wrong.

text: It is omitted that he is stuck between the "Gold Bugs" and the Green Backers".

refinement: The contradictory beliefs that the issue with the Federal Reserve is that they are privately held but that forcing them to nationalize is wrong. The author is stuck between the "Gold Bugs" and the "Green Backers".

answer: The author has been stuck in between the "Gold Bugs" who focus on the "Reserve" of the lie about the bank and the "Green Backers" who focus on the "Federal."

answer: The author has been experiencing cognitive dissonance because they want to abolish the Federal Reserve but also believe that the issue lies primarily with the existence of the Federal Government. While a faction focused on the Federal Reserve believes that a gold backed currency would remedy the problem, another faction believes that nationalizing the Fed would be the solution. However, after learning from Ben Stone of the Bad Quaker Podcast that the Fed is a private corporation, the author now understands that the root of the problem is the existence of the Federal Government itself and not the Fed.

answer: Because of the conflict between the "gold bugs" and the "green backers", two political groups they belong to.

answer: The author has been experiencing cognitive dissonance because they have conflicting views on the Federal Reserve: Gold Bugs focus on the Reserve part of the lie, advocating a gold backed national currency, while Green Backers focus on the Federal part of the lie, advocating nationalizing the Fed to control the issuance of fiat paper. The author has now reconciled his thinking through the insights shared by Ben Stone in the Bad Quaker Podcast. According to Ben, the Federal Reserve is a privately held corporation, and libertarians should not advocate for a congressional audit or abolition of privately held companies. The problem is not profit, but instead the enforcement of legal tender laws by the State. Essentially, the author no longer believes the Federal Reserve is a problem because profit is not the cause of the aggression inherent in the Federal Reserve System.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Explain what Gold Bugs are.

answer: Gold Bugs are advocates of a gold-backed national currency. They believe that fiat money is a problem and advocating the use of a gold-based currency is the solution.

answer: A group of people who focus on the fact that the Federal Reserve is not actually a reserve and rally against fiat money, advocating instead for a gold-backed national currency.

answer: They tend to focus on the "Reserve" part of the lie, railing against the folly of fiat money, and advocating a gold backed national currency.

answer: Gold Bugs are those who see the problem with the Federal Reserve System as revolving around the fact that it is privately held. Therefore, they advocate returning to a system where the paper monetary system is backed by gold, rather than debt.

answer: They are a group of people who focus on the "Reserve" part of the lie, railing against the folly of fiat money.

text: It is omitted that they advocate a gold-backed national currency.

refinement: They are a group of people who focus on the "Reserve" part of the lie, railing against the folly of fiat money and advocate a gold-backed national currency.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What is the author's opinion on the Federal Reserve System?

answer: The author thinks it is an aggression of the Federal Reserve that makes it a monopoly privilege.

answer: They feel that the main issue with the Federal Reserve is that they have a monopoly.

answer: The author believes that the Federal Reserve is a private corporation, and is in favor of abolishing the Federal Government in its entirety. Accordingly, the author perceives the Federal Reserve System as a problem.

answer: The author believes that the Federal Reserve System is a privately held corporation which should be dissolved by abolishing the Federal Government.

answer: not answered.

text: This answer is not related.

text: Answer missing.

refinement: The author believes that the Federal Reserve is a privately held organization and should be dissolved.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What are Green Backers?

answer: Green Backers focus on the "Federal" part of the lie, arguing private profit is the problem and nationalizing the Fed so that the issuance of fiat paper is controlled by Congress is the answer.

answer: They believe private profit is the problem and that nationalizing the Fed is necessary to control the issuance of fiat paper.

answer: Green Backers are those who advocate nationalizing the Federal Reserve in order to take control of the issuance of fiat paper away from private banking cartels and give it to Congress.

answer: A group of people who focus on the fact that the Federal Reserve is not federal. They believe the problem is not paper money but rather private profit and think the Federal Reserve should be nationalized.

answer: Green Backers believe that the solution to the problems with the Federal Reserve is nationalization of the Fed so that the issuance of fiat paper is controlled by Congress.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is Ben Stone?

answer: A Libertarian who hosts a podcast wherein the host discusses a varied range of topics.

answer: Ben Stone is a Libertarian podcast host.

answer: A podcaster from Bad Quaker Dot Com who asserts that the Federal Reserve is a private corporation.

answer: Ben Stone is a libertarian podcaster.

answer: He ran a podcast that made a lot of sense to the narrator and made him to re-evaluate the problem of the State making profit an evil.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Who is the author of this piece?

answer: That information can't be found

answer: That information can't be found

answer: The author of this piece is someone who supports the abolition of the Federal Reserve.

answer: That information can't be found.

answer: The author of this piece is someone who was once confused about their understanding of the Federal Reserve System, but now has reconciled their thinking.

question: Write a ~4 sentence summary.

answer: While staying at an encampment of the occupiers in San Francisco, the author listens to a well-known anarchist channel called Bad Quaker Dotcom. In this episode of the podcast, Ben Stone talks about how libertarians should not call for an audit on a privately held company. He states that deregulation is what he would want of the Federal Reserve. He also explains that regardless of if the Federal Reserve is bullied at the partisan level, this doesn't actually matter. What he wants to banish is the State.

answer: The author is experiencing cognitive dissonance because they have been taught that the Federal Reserve is a federally-owned banking cartel, yet also been told that the private ownership of the Fed is not the problem. The author has now reconciled their understanding, acknowledging that the competition-stifling effect of the Fed is the real issue instead of private ownership. The author now wants to abolish the Federal Government instead of focusing on changing the Federal Reserve.

answer: The author is experiencing cognitive dissonance over competing arguments about the Federal Reserve System. After listening to a Bad Quaker podcast episode, the author now believes that the Federal Reserve is a private company, and that libertarians should advocate dissolving the partnership between private profit and the government. Fundamental to this change of perspective is understanding the problem as being one of aggression perpetuated by the government and not simply profit.

answer:
The Federal Reserve is a privately held financial institution set up by major banks to dominate the monetary system in the United States. Radtke states that the Federal Reserve is a private corporation and reads a time when Moses Dodge had called for a privately owned corporation in the newspaper that he later states could be applied to the financial system of corruption.

Rattke then agrees with Ben Stone, who states that the Fed should be private, not based on the State, and any corruption should be a private problem and not a public incident. The author then states that more and more people are making the case that the real fact is the aggression of the state that the State goes after almost every viable alternative currency.

text: The passage does not mention Radtke or Moses Dodge, hence that part can be omitted.

refinement:
The Federal Reserve is a privately held financial institution set up by major banks to dominate the monetary system in the United States.

The author agrees with Ben Stone, a podcaster from Bad Quaker Podcast. He then states that more and more people are making the case that the real fact is the aggression of the state that the State goes after almost every viable alternative currency.

answer: The author discusses how they've been experiencing cognitive dissonance in regards to their anti-Federal Reserve stance. They had been arguing that the Federal Reserve being privately held was an issue but also do not believe that forcing them to nationalize is the answer. After listening to a podcast in which Ben Stone argues that the Federal Reserve is a private corporation, the author comes to the conclusion that the issue with the Federal Reserve is that they have a monopoly due to the enforcement of legal tender laws. The issue, they've decided, is the Federal Government, who stifles any alternative form of currency.

text: It is omitted that the author wants to abolish the Federal government.

refinement: The author discusses how they've been experiencing cognitive dissonance in regards to their anti-Federal Reserve stance. They had been arguing that the Federal Reserve being privately held was an issue but also do not believe that forcing them to nationalize is the answer. After listening to a podcast in which Ben Stone argues that the Federal Reserve is a private corporation, the author comes to the conclusion that the issue with the Federal Reserve is that they have a monopoly due to the enforcement of legal tender laws. The issue, they've decided, is the Federal Government, who stifles any alternative form of currency. They want to abolish the Federal government.


text:
**Red Ribbon**

   Each blink is more difficult and it takes me just a bit more effort to open my eyes than it did the last time. The cold of my bathtub is comforting. I lean back, take a deep breath and slowly exhale. My mind hasn't stopped racing, showing me images from my childhood, from my adolescence, from high school, from college.

   At four years old, I ran away from a camping trip to try to catch up to my parents on a hiking trail. I didn't know which direction they had gone, so I just followed the river. Ten minutes later, I was still alone and it started to sink in. No one is going to take care of me but myself. “#%!^, that's a scary thought. How will I be able to eat? I don't know how to do anything...” I wandered for what felt like forever, never straying from the security of the path I was on. Ah, the path.

   I snapped back to the present. That path. Nearly thirty years later and I realized I was jealous of that path. It had a direction, it knew where it was going. The only surprises on that path came from off the trail. Was this the right way to live my life? Is this how I would find happiness? Should I become a singularly focused individual, striving only for one goal, ignoring anything outside of that? This path is more soulful than I would have imagined a dirt road could be.

   I blink again. My eyelids feel sticky. I'm in my kitchen and I'm nine years old. Our kitchen is being remodeled and the floor is missing. I can see the dirt, spiderwebs, the century of unuse under the house. There is no rot, there is no termite damage, there is no foundation. Our house sits directly on the dirt hillside, raised up just enough to allow air to flow underneath. The house feels sturdy but there is nothing holding it in place, it could slide down the hill at any moment. Who cares? What does this mean?

   The hole in the floor of the kitchen is all I can think about when I open my eyes again. This house has lasted for more than 100 years. All without any sort of foundation, in earthquake country. It has been shaken and beaten more then I ever could be. It refuses to collapse but instead welcomes new people and wraps them in its love. This house is like a grandmother nearing senility; a shaky foundation, but a strong outward presence. A welcoming hug every time you enter through the front door. Is this how I should live? Wandering the earth, rootless, searching for a place to make a stand and show my love for my fellow man? I tried that in college, it didn't work. Free love and no foundation made me completely insecure. At any moment I could be cast aside and would have nothing to fall back on.

   My eyes lose focus as I follow the wall down from the ceiling to the bathtub, finally coming to rest on the floor of the bathtub. The rouge river winds down hands to my knees and finally pools at my heels until there is enough to continue its one-way journey. The thin thread heads straight into the darkness at the end of the tub, where it drips nosily into the drain.

   I blink twice. The second blink takes me away again. It's my Sophomore year of high school and I'm in love for the first time. Her name was Carrie, she was blonde with blue eyes. She was the co-captain of the JV Cheer squad and she always smelled like a freshly picked peony. We went on our first date together when I asked her to the Winter Formal. When I picked her up, I had to sit through “the talk” from her father while I waited for her to put her finishing touches on. After the dance, we went to an after party thrown by one of the Seniors. I didn't drink at all (it was part of “the talk”) but she did and by the time I got her back to her house, the alcohol was in full effect. We made out for half an hour. That 30 minutes was all it took, I knew I was in love. Our relationship lasted for the rest of the year but it didn't make it past the Summer she spent working on her uncle's ranch in Wyoming. I got two reasons out of her, and I've never known which one was more true. She said, “You're just too....nice” and “Cowboys.” My soul crushed, I spent the next two months sad and pitiful. First love, first loss, first time the nice guy finished dead last.

   My eyelids are heavy, but I open them and sigh. I'm back in the bathtub. I'm not an adolescent any more. I sigh again, this time in relief. The bathtub isn't so cold anymore, it has stolen my body heat giving only white porcelain in return. I brush my hand against the side of the tub, leaving irregular streaks as I move my fingers and paint with my essence. I see bits of Van Gogh and Cezanne in the chaotic crimson my fingers trail behind. I shut my eyes and am transported to my friends dorm in college. Jill is seated on her bed with Starry Night peaking at me over her right shoulder. There are two other friends in here, but I can't see their faces or remember their names. We have been discussing which super power we would want to have and why for the last three hours. I have held to my contention that being able to stop time would make one unstoppable while heavily debating flight and superspeed. We finally stop debating at 2am and I go home to sleep. In the morning, I hear from friends in the dorms near Jill. They are all asking me what I was talking about last night, apparently they could hear my laugh from the next dorm over. I tell them. They laugh more. I feel ashamed that my laugh has made me recognizable from hundreds of feet away. I am embarrassed by our conversation. I make a mental note, which I will immediately forget, to tone down my laugh.

   As I open my eyes from this memory, I realize the truth. I have spent most of my life running from my emotions. They crippled me time and again. My brain doesn't see it that way however, it relishes the emotions, the differences, the change, the unique. The problem is that I don't. My brain is pleading with me in the only way it knows how. It is pleading for me to reverse this process. It is imploring me to lift myself up, to stand up again. It has shown me the memories that were most important to me. I finally relent and lift my heavy hands, attached to heavy arms, to the edge of the tub. I set my feet flat against the floor of the tub, toes pushing against the side so I don't slip in the pooled and partially coagulated blood. I see my phone, it is across the room. It is now my only chance for survival. I strain my muscles to stand.

My eyes close.

title: Red Ribbon [1200 words] (first post here, feedback welcome, please comment)

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the emotions the narrator feels in the beginning half of this story.

answer: The narrator feels overwhelmed with emotion, uncertain of what path is the right one to choose. The memories of the past seem to be conflicting with the narrator's desire for happiness in the future. The narrator feels uncertainty, fear, sadness, and shame.

text: The first sentence does not describe the narrator's emotions in the first half of the story. The narrator should consider doing this.

refinement: The narrator reminisces on his childhood and feels an overwhelming sense of jealousy, sadness, anxiety, uncertainty, and loss. He feels uncertain about what path in life is the right one to choose. The memories of the past seem to be conflicting with the narrator's desire for happiness in the future. The narrator feels uncertainty, fear, sadness, and shame.

text: The first half of the story does not mention that the narrator feels shame.

refinement: The narrator reminisces on his childhood and feels an overwhelming sense of jealousy, sadness, anxiety, uncertainty, and loss. He feels uncertain about what path in life is the right one to choose. The memories of the past seem to be conflicting with the narrator's desire for happiness in the future. The narrator feels uncertainty, fear, and sadness.

text: The last line is not necessary again since the narrator's emotions were already mentioned in the beginning.

refinement: The narrator reminisces on his childhood and feels an overwhelming sense of jealousy, sadness, anxiety, uncertainty, and loss. He feels uncertain about what path in life is the right one to choose. The memories of the past seem to be conflicting with the narrator's desire for happiness in the future.

answer: He feels as if he has wandered off that path he is supposed to follow in life. He feels a sense of loss and an overall sense of not knowing what he would do if his path heads a dubious turn. He also feels lost, not realizing the right path to take. In the beginning, the narrator seems like someone who is not used to or is not good at exploring their emotions.

text: The last sentence of the answer is not according to the story. That sentence should be removed.

refinement: He feels as if he has wandered off that path he is supposed to follow in life. He feels a sense of loss and an overall sense of not knowing what he would do if his path heads a dubious turn. He also feels lost, not realizing the right path to take.

text:
The first sentence lacks clarity. The phrase 'off that path' doesn't appear to modify anything in that sentence. So, the model should consider rewriting this for clarity.
The point that the narrator feels lost is mentioned twice in the answer and should be replaced with another emotion. It is redundant.

refinement: He feels as if he has wandered off the path he is supposed to follow in life. He also feels anxiety and an overall feeling of not knowing what he would do if his path heads a dubious turn. He also feels lost, not realizing the right direction in life to take.

answer: The narrator feels cold, which is associated with loneliness in this story and uncertainty of whether they will be fed. The narrator also describes being lost and worrying about how to survive.

text: The model ought not to describe the narrator's emotions from the past but the present. The model's answer should describe the narrator's feelings as he reflects on his past.

refinement: The narrator feels ambiguity and confusion in the beginning. There is hesitation and worry about pursuing a singular path in life and an acute awareness that he has avoided facing emotional struggles and might need to do something to change. The first half of the narrative is dominated by memories of anxiety and loss.

answer: The narrator feels ambiguity and confusion in the beginning. There is hesitation and worry about pursuing a singular path in life, as well as an acute awareness that he has avoided facing emotional struggles and might need to do something to change. The narrative is dominated by memories of failure, hurt and loss, and there is a desire to be understood and accepted even as the narrator realizes he has been running away from his emotions all his life.

text: The last sentence describes the entire story instead of focusing on the beginning half of the story. This should be corrected and narrowed down to the first half as instructed in the question.

refinement: The narrator feels ambiguity and confusion in the beginning. There is hesitation and worry about pursuing a singular path in life and an acute awareness that he has avoided facing emotional struggles and might need to do something to change. The first half of the narrative is dominated by feelings of anxiety, sadness, and loss.

answer: The narrator depicts emotions of restlessness, anxiety, and pain in the beginning half of this story. The narrator starts off my saying how each blink is more difficult than last time.  Then the narrator describes a childhood story about a camping trip in which she had scared thoughts about being alone and panicked. Then, the narrator snaps back to the present and states they are jealous of the path they once were lost in and wished they could go back to the trail. The narrator has many conflicting emotions as they travel back in their memories from the past to the present, but the most strong emotion they depict is of being lost.

text: The narrator's emotions at the beginning don't depict restlessness. This should be removed.

refinement: The narrator depicts emotions of anxiety and pain in the beginning half of this story. The narrator starts off my saying how each blink is more difficult than last time.  Then the narrator describes a childhood story about a camping trip in which she had scared thoughts about being alone and panicked. Then, the narrator snaps back to the present and states they are jealous of the path they once were lost in and wished they could go back to the trail. The narrator has many conflicting emotions as they travel back in their memories from the past to the present, but the most strong emotion they depict is of being lost.

text:
The second sentence contains an error and is not relevant in answering the question because it is not an emotion. The sentence should be removed.
The model describes the narrator as 'she' and later 'they.' These inconsistencies should be corrected.
The model should consider replacing the phrase 'most strong' because it is grammatically awkward.
The model should consider rewriting the third sentence.

refinement: The narrator depicts emotions of anxiety and pain in the beginning half of this story. The narrator describes a childhood story about leaving a camping trip to follow his parents and being alone on a path. Then, he snaps back to the present and states he is jealous of the path he once was lost in because it had a direction and wishes he could go back to the trail. The narrator has many conflicting emotions as he travels back in his memories from the past to the present, but a loss is the strongest emotion he depicts.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize the biggest revelation the narrator has in this story.

answer: The biggest revelation the narrator has in this story is how she has been running from her emotions all her life. Her emotions have continuously crippled her and brought her down. She realized she needs to reverse this process if she stands a chance for survival.

text: The story depicts that the narrator is a male and not a female. The model should take note of this.

refinement: The biggest revelation is that the narrator has been running from his emotions all his life. His emotions have continuously crippled him and brought him down. He realized he needed to reverse this process if he stood a chance for survival.

answer: The biggest revelation that the narrator has in this story is that they are uncomfortable with their emotions and often shy away from them. Through memories shown by their racing mind, the narrator discovers that their brain wants them to reverse this trend and instead embrace their emotions head on. The realization that their brain is urging them to change is a big revelation for the narrator.

text:
-The last sentence is not accurate. The story's biggest revelation is the narrator realizing that they had been running from their emotions all along, as the answer says initially. That last line should be removed.
-'Head on' should be hyphenated.

refinement: The biggest revelation that the narrator has in this story is that they are uncomfortable with their emotions and often shy away from them. Through memories shown by their racing mind, the narrator discovers that their brain wants them to reverse this trend and instead embrace their emotions head-on.

answer: The biggest revelation the narrator has in this story is that they have spent most of their life running away from their emotions. The narrator's brain is pleading with them to change this process and finally take charge of their life. Through memories, they realize they have largely been suppressing their emotions and this has led to unhappy consequences. The urge to stand up, using all their strength, is their first step in the right direction towards embracing their emotions.

answer: When the narrator first blinks and recalls that he ran away from a camping trip when he was four and lost his way, he realized that he has spent his life trying to find direction and purpose in his life ever since, struggling to find the right answers and decisions. However, as he died, he realized that he must have gotten the answers wrong, or subconsciously chose to ignore them. He understood that he must have felt so hurt by those experiences that he didn't allow himself to grow and face adversity the right way, depriving himself the chance of a happy life.

text: The answer is entirely inaccurate and should be rewritten.

refinement: The biggest revelation is that the narrator has been running from his emotions all his life. These emotions have continuously crippled him and brought him down. He realized he needed to reverse this process if he stood a chance for survival.

answer: The narrator lives his life, absorbing all that comes his way, rather than being proactive about moving on. He sees all that is going on, has great life lessons. However, he does not take these to heart. This leads his life to be filled with failures, including the loss of his love.


text:
Denver (CNN)An army of Denver teachers braved freezing temperatures Monday, sacrificing pay to strike for a better future.

But even though this strike focuses on teachers' salaries, students joined them on the picket lines, saying their teachers deserve better.

"It's like they make school fun. They make you want to be there," 16-year-old Xavion Davison said.

He and friends Allen Koncsik and Bryce Alexander carried a large sign proclaiming, "They deserve more than just praise. Give them a raise."

Denver teachers say they want higher, stable salaries, since their school district uses unpredictable bonuses to compensate for low base pay.

["My pay has been too variable over the last several years," teacher Nick Childers said. ]

"Unfortunately bonuses are really variable, and we can't depend on them from year to year," social studies teacher Nick Childers said.

Ninth-year teacher Kelsey Brown said the bonuses are so erratic, she made more money two years ago than she does now.

[Denver is so expensive, teachers get creative to make ends meet]

The Spanish teacher made $56,000 last year, but the rising cost of living in Denver means she has to work extra jobs -- as a lacrosse coach, exchange program coordinator and summer camp employee.

Now, after 15 months of failed negotiations between the school district and teachers' union, educators are ditching classrooms to march up and down snow-lined sidewalks.

The strike is the latest in a long line of teachers' protests that spread across the country last year and keeps gaining momentum this year.

The Denver Classroom Teachers Association, which represents most of Denver's 5,000-plus teachers, said it doesn't want to strike -- but said the school district hasn't met their demands.

"We're hoping for a quick solution to this whole thing," DCTA lead negotiator Rob Gould said Monday. "We're hoping (school district officials) come to the table tomorrow ready to listen so we can get back to work. Because our teachers want to be in the classrooms with their kids."

[Across the US, teachers protested and won. Now some say lawmakers are retaliating]

Denver Public Schools said it's listened to teachers' concerns and made a series of offers to the union -- all of which have been rejected.

"I am extremely disappointed that the DCTA walked away from the table," Superintendent Susana Cordova said after talks broke down Saturday night. "We presented an updated proposal that responds to what we heard from our teachers ... and significantly increases the base pay for all of our educators."

She said both sides will be back at the negotiating table Tuesday.

"It's a problem for our kids not to have their teachers in class," she said. "So I want to get this done now."

What both sides have put up

Denver Public Schools says it's offered:

-- $23 million in new funds next year for teachers' base salaries. (That would increase the average teacher's salary from about $55,000 to $61,000 next year.)

[A new wave of teachers' protests are brewing coast to coast]

-- A total investment of $55 million over the next three years.

-- An increased starting salary of $45,800 for new teachers.

-- Another $2 million investment in base pay for teachers and specialized staff members that would "come from additional, painful cuts to our central departments, which we estimate to be an elimination of about 150 positions in the central office."

-- The elimination of performance bonuses for central office senior staff. "We would invest those funds directly in our highest-needs schools, with a proposed increase in incentive pay for teaching in our schools with the highest poverty rates," the school district said. "Our offer increases that incentive from $2,500 to $3,000."

DPS illustrated how its concessions to the union -- more than $20 million since last June -- is significantly more than the union's decrease in demands.

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But the union said it's still waiting for "a fair, competitive and transparent salary schedule that prioritizes base salary over complicated, unreliable bonuses."

"We are incredibly disappointed that on the last day of bargaining and less than two days before a strike, they doubled down on one-time incentives teachers do not want, and the data shows do not work to keep teachers in their schools," DCTA President and teacher Henry Roman said.

What students will do without their teachers

Despite the strike, DPS encouraged students to go to school this week. All schools except preschools are still running on normal schedules.

But 2,631 teachers did not go to school Monday, DPS spokeswoman Anna Alejo said. That's about 56% of teachers from district-run schools.

[What we learned from the LA strike, and why it cost $125 million]

In other words, about half of DPS' 92,000 students have no idea when they'll see their teachers back in class again.

To make up for those 2,631 missing teachers, about 1,400 central office staffers and 400 substitute teachers covered teacher absences Monday, Alejo said.

But Xavion said substitutes can't teach like his normal teachers.

"I don't feel like I'm learning anything. It's not the same," the teen said. "With our teachers, I feel like we're in a better learning environment. Not with any sub."

Some teachers are too broke to strike

Since teachers aren't getting paid while on strike, not every teacher who wants to strike can do so.

"I really, really want to because I do support the mission ... but I literally financially cannot afford to," said math teacher Sophia Leung. "For me to lose out on $200 of pay a day, it does impact my bills for the month."

[What teachers won and lost in the 2018 strikes]

And as a first-year teacher, Leung said she can't even afford the $70 monthly dues to join the local teachers' union.

But this renewed wave of teachers' strikes shows the sacrifices teachers are willing to make, said Randi Weingarten, president of the American Federation of Teachers.

"A strike is not a first resort for anyone. It's a last resort -- especially for teachers who are asked to do more with less every day," she said. "And enough is enough."

CNN's Scott McLean, Christina Zdanowicz and Amanda Watts contributed to this report.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about how teachers are paid?

answer: The teachers want higher, stable salaries. They use a complex set of bonuses and calculations to compensate for the lack of pay. They also get a salary but the bonuses are unpredictable and can be reneged on from year to year, so the teachers would have some security in the future by having a base pay.

text: The context of the sentences do not support one another. The last sentence in particular, does not make a logical cause and effect scenario (the two concepts are independent of one another). Reorganize the information to create a more cohesive answer.

refinement: The teachers want and need the security of having a stable and higher base pay. Currently, a complex set of bonuses and calculations is used to compensate for the lack of pay. They get a salary but the bonuses are unpredictable and can be reneged on from year to year.

text: The implied details should be clarified as the response is more on what the teachers want and need as opposed to how they are actually being paid.

refinement: The teachers currently have an unstable and low salary. Currently, a complex set of bonuses and calculations is used to compensate for the lack of pay while unpredictable bonuses that can be reneged on from year to year are used as incentives.

answer: The school district uses unpredictable bonuses to compensate for low base pay. The school district says it's listened to teachers' concerns.

text: Restructure the information given to directly answer the question.

refinement: The school district provides a low base pay with unpredictable bonuses for the teacher's salaries.

answer: Teachers in Denver are paid based on a complex system of bonuses, which are variable and might be low, such as $2,500, or very high, such as $5,000. There is a worry the bonuses might be use to deliberately keep pay low. The Denver Classroom Teachers Association (DCTA) says it wants simple, stable pay. Nothing more, and nothing less.

text: The numbers are taken from the DPS offer, not what the current payment situation is. The question asks how the teachers are paid which refers to the current state.

refinement: The teachers currently have an unstable and low salary. Currently, a complex set of bonuses and calculations is used to compensate for the lack of pay while unpredictable bonuses that can be reneged on from year to year are used as incentives.

answer: Teachers in Denver are paid based on a complex system of bonuses. The bonuses are hard to predict, insofar as they are paid at the whim of administrators and might be low, such as $2,500, or very high, such as $5,000. There is a worry the bonuses might be use to deliberately keep pay low, while giving occasional gifts in which case there is no question, these higher paying bonuses are not all that reliable. The Denver Classroom Teachers Association says it wants simple, stable pay. Nothing more, and nothing less.

text: Omit the figures as they are from the DPS offer and do not reflect how teachers are paid as well as the last sentence that does not directly answer the question. Also mention how much the teachers are getting paid.

refinement: Teachers in Denver are paid a low salary with a complex system of bonuses for compensation. The bonuses are hard to predict, insofar as they are paid at the whim of administrators. There is a worry the bonuses might be use to deliberately keep pay low.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

What does the article say about what makes a good teacher?

answer: No answer

text: The article provide several points by which a teacher can be considered as good.

refinement: Good teachers wants to be in classroom to teach their students. They make school fun and by creating a better learning environment than others can.

answer: According to the article, the teachers want to raise their base salary. Then again, some students think that their teachers are worth more than base salary and just deserve a raise.

text: While a good teacher is one that students believe deserve a raise, it is not indicative of what makes them a good teacher.

refinement: Good teachers wants to be in classroom to teach their students. They make school fun and by creating a better learning environment than others can.

answer: No answer

text: the article provides answers to the question

refinement: Good teachers wants to be in classroom to teach their students. They make school fun and by creating a better learning environment than others can.

answer: The article says that making school fun and interesting makes kids want to be in school. It says that this makes a good teacher.

answer: According to the article, the teachers want to raise their base salary. Student Xavion Davison says that his teachers deserve more than just praise. His opinion is that teachers should earn higher salaries.

text: The response should focus on traits that describe the qualities that makes a good teacher, what is discussed is the topic of their salaries.

refinement: The article says that making school fun and interesting makes kids want to be in school. It says that this makes a good teacher.

question:
Answer the following question based on the above passage:

Summarize both sides of the argument.

answer: The Denver Teacher Union believes that the school district, DPS, needs to prioritize base salary over bonus pay, giving more stability and a more predictable income for teachers. On average, Denver teachers make $55,000 a year and unreliable bonuses can drastically change their wages (they can also all but disappear in some years). The school district believes that it has addressed this demand from teachers, which there seems to be some confusion over.The school district has offered to increase base pay and eliminate bonuses for higher administrators, many of whom make over six figures, who could likely not afford to lose that pay.

text: higher administrator salaries not given a value. omit this part.

refinement: The Denver Teacher Union believes that the school district, DPS, needs to prioritize base salary over bonus pay, giving more stability and a more predictable income for teachers. On average, Denver teachers make $55,000 a year and unreliable bonuses can drastically change their wages (they can also all but disappear in some years). The school district believes that it has addressed this demand from teachers, which there seems to be some confusion over. The school district has offered to increase base pay by eliminating bonuses for higher administrators and doing painful cuts to the budget of central departments.

answer: Apparently Denver teachers are upset that their salaries are too variable. They believe bonuses fluctuate too frequently and aren't reliable, so salaries must be more stable. Both sides agree something needs to change, but the two parties are at odds as to how much teachers should get, where the money should come from in the budget, and whether performance bonuses should also be taken into account. Teachers are willing to make sacrifices in order to get what they want. The district says it already came up with several offers to the union, all of which were rejected. They want educators to return to the classrooms for the sake of the students, who would otherwise be deprived education and teachers. The union says Denver Public Schools is being too stingy and won't give them what they're asking for. The issue seems to be that neither side agrees on what needs to change and how much change is necessary.

answer: Apparently Denver teachers are upset that their salaries are too variable. They believe bonuses fluctuate too frequently and aren't reliable, so salaries must be more stable. Both sides agree something needs to change, frustration and anger have been mounting between teachers, teachers' union, and the district. Teachers are willing to make sacrifices in order to get what they want. The district says it already came up with several offers to the union, all of which were rejected. They want educators to return to the classrooms for the sake of the students, who would otherwise be deprived education and teachers. The union says Denver Public Schools is being too stingy and won't give them what they're asking for. The issue seems to be that neither side agrees on what needs to change and how much change is necessary.

answer: The school district and teachers' union have been negotiating for 15 months over a new contract. The teachers want higher, stable salaries and less volatile bonuses while the district says they want to increase teachers' salaries by 3 percent, which is currently more than the union has asked for. They also say the district has increased the budget three-fold over the last three years, which is more than the required sum, and they are highlighting a teacher with 17 years of experience that has made less than an equally experienced teacher who is only with them for two years. The city's budget, meanwhile, has also increased in that time period.

text: The second half is not in the article. omit it.

refinement: The school district and teachers' union have been negotiating for 15 months over a new contract. The teachers want higher, stable salaries and less volatile bonuses while the district says they want to increase teachers' salaries by 3 percent, which is currently more than the union has asked for.

text: The side of the district reflect the contents of the article.

refinement: The school district and teachers' union have been negotiating for 15 months over a new contract. The teachers want higher, stable salaries and less volatile bonuses. The district says it already came up with several offers to the union, all of which were rejected. They want educators to return to the classrooms for the sake of the students, who would otherwise be deprived education and teachers. The union says Denver Public Schools is being too stingy and won't give them what they're asking for.