text:
RUBY – HISTORY, IDENTIFICATION AND CARE []

Rubies are the birthstone for July and they are also the gemstone to celebrate a 15th or a 40th anniversary. Rubies have historically been called “the stone of love,” due to their deep, rich red color that indicates passion. They are worn to protect a person from enemies by the Hindus.  (Reported in the American Gem Society Blog _https://americangemsocietyblog.org/tag/fun-facts-about-rubies/)__._ In the Wizard of OZ, Dorothy’s ruby red slippers were thought to protect her from evil. An additional, interesting fact is that rubies are mentioned four times in the Bible.

A ruby is one of the five types of PRECIOUS GEMSTONES. The other [] four are diamond, emerald, sapphire, and recently, tanzanite. Rubies come in all shades of red and are in the same gemological family (corundum) as sapphires. In the corundum gemstone family, if the gemstone is a shade of red, it is a ruby and if it is any other color (blue, green, etc.), it is a sapphire. The presence of chromium makes the corundum gemstone red, thus, a ruby.

[]The name, ruby, comes from Latin for red, _rubens_. They are a very hard gemstone rating a 9 on the MOHS scale. While they can be found all over the world, most rubies on the market are from the Myanmar and Thailand area. Burmese rubies (now Myanmar) are highly prized for their deep “pigeon blood” red color, but are currently banned in the US.

Almost all rubies have flaws, so they are not usually completely clear. It is standard practice, (accepted by the American Gem-Trade Association and Israel-Diamonds) to treat rubies, which improves the color and strengthens the gemstone. However, if the natural ruby has too many inclusions, the value of the stone drops dramatically.

Rubies can be confused with red garnet and with red spinel. Both of these gemstones are much less expensive and less rare. You can spot a natural ruby from a synthetic ruby by the inclusions in the stone. Synthetic stones are completely clear, whereas, rubies will have numerous inclusions, not flawless, as a synthetic stone is.

Many of the famous “rubies” in the past found in the Crown Jewels  []were later determined to be red spinel. Up and into the late 1800’s red spinal and rubies were not clearly determined. Even today, it can be difficult to identify one from the other.  Spinel and ruby have similar mineral composition and often grow in the same location with rubies. It takes an expert to diagnose between the two gemstones. A rule of thumb is that, if the price is low, and the gemstone is very clear, it is probably a spinel and not a ruby. This does not help if the seller is passing off a spinel as a high-quality ruby. Buyer beware and buy from reputable dealers with a gemological certification for any expensive piece of ruby jewelry.

Identifying a garnet from a ruby is a little easier. Hold the stone up to a bright light source until you see a rainbow coming from the gemstone. If the rainbow has yellow or green bands, then it is unlikely to be a ruby.

Cleaning and caring for a ruby

[] Rubies are very hard so they can accumulate dust and dirt and appear dull. At home, you can CLEAN them using warm soapy water and a soft toothbrush to gently scrub the stone. Rinse them thoroughly in warm, clear water and blot them dry with a lint-free cloth.

If using a solution to clean your jewelry, choose one that is made for rubies AND for the metal that your jewelry is set in. Some Sterling Silver jewelry cleaners can irreversibly damage gold and platinum mountings, so beware, and spend the time and money to find the right product.

You can also take your jewelry to a jeweler to use an Ultrasonic cleaner to clean your jewelry.

The hardness of a ruby means it will withstand a small knock but if it sustains a hard knock, take it to a jeweler to look at it under a microscope to see if the stone has come loose. A jeweler should tighten your loose stones (no DIY). Check your jewelry for loose settings over time. Neglecting to do this could result in your stone falling out and losing it. Replacing a lost gemstone could easily cost you much more than you originally paid for the entire piece of jewelry.

Because  rubies are hard, store them separate or flat from others stones, so they will not scratch or mar a jewelry piece with a less hard stone (diamonds can scratch all other stones, including a ruby).

MEANING OF A RUBY

Rubies are a symbol of deep, passionate love. They are believed to protect a person from harm or evil. Some people use a ruby to recall dreams and to have lucid dreams. In Kundalini, it is used to find and to follow one’s bliss. It is also used to get information from spirit guides. Ruby brings courage and inner strength, self-confidence and honesty. Ruby is associated with the Root Chakra and the Heart Chakra.

question: Summarize the most interesting facts about rubies from this article.

answer: Rubies are a symbol of deep, passionate love. They are believed to protect a person from harm or evil. Some people use a ruby to recall dreams and to have lucid dreams. In Kundalini, it is used to find and to follow one's bliss. It is also used to get information from spirit guides. Ruby brings courage and inner strength, self-confidence and honesty. Ruby is associated with the Root Chakra and the Heart Chakra.

critique: The highlighted portion of the response is not a fact about rubies and should be omitted.

critique: The answer omits the interesting facts about rubies.

critique: The answer should mention the ruby's history.

critique: The answer should mention the ruby's color and its inclusion in the Bible.

critique: The answer omits the ruby's history, identification, and care.

critique: Provides information on one use of rubies, with very little time on the most interesting aspects of their use.

question: Summarize how one should clean and care for a ruby.

answer: One should clean their ruby with warm soapy water and a soft toothbrush. One should rinse the ruby in warm, clear water and blot it dry with a lint-free cloth. One should also take their jewelry to a jeweler to use an Ultrasonic cleaner to clean their jewelry. One should also take their jewelry to a jeweler to tighten loose stones.

critique: The answer should include that rubies can withstand a small knock, but not a hard one.

critique: Wash only with warm soapy water not warm soapy water and a soft toothbrush-toothbrush can scratch.

critique: The answer omits the need to store rubies separately from other stones.

critique: The answer should mention how to store rubies.

critique: The answer should mention that rubies are hard and that they should be stored separately from other stones.

critique: The answer omits the advice to store rubies separately from other stones.

question: Summarize the meaning of a ruby, or its symbolism and significance.

answer: Ruby itself is a rare and valuable type of stone and ruby stones are quite royal. Rubies are often used as jewelry and adornment. For the same reason, they symbolize deep, passionate love, associated with heart chakras, and are believed to protect a person from harm or evil. They are associated with dreams and following your dreams.

critique: The answer should mention the spiritual meaning of rubies.

critique: The stones aren't royalty, ruby stones are more associated with love and passion.

critique: The answer omits the spiritual significance of rubies.

critique: The answer should mention the spiritual significance of rubies.

text: It is omitted that ruby brings courage and inner strength, self-confidence, and honesty.

question: Describe how you can tell if a ruby is authentic or not.

answer: A ruby should have many inclusions so that it will not be as clear as a synthetic stone. That way, a person can tell if the stone is a ruby or not. However, some sellers pass off spinel as rubies, which can be a problem because people often have a hard time telling from looking at the stone whether it's a ruby or not.

critique: The answer should mention how to tell a garnet from a ruby.

critique: The answer should mention the difference between rubies and spinel.

critique: It is unnecessary to mention that spinel is used as a substitute for ruby.

critique: The answer could be clearer in its pronoun use.

critique: The answer should mention the other ways to tell a ruby from a spinel.

critique: Red stones can often be confused one for another, such as rubies and red spinel or garnet and ruby. This can make it difficult to identify if the price is low. The answer should include that, while the stone is clear, it could be a spinel.

critique: The answer should mention the difference between rubies and spinels.

text: It is omitted how to identify a garnet from a ruby: hold the stone up to a bright light source until you see a rainbow coming from the gemstone. If the rainbow has yellow or green bands, then it is unlikely to be a ruby.


split: train

text:
BERNARD NEWMAN (18 November 1903 – 30 November 1966) was the head designer for Bergdorf Goodman and head costume designer for RKO Pictures. He designed costumes for some 35 movies, including costumes for Ginger Rogers, Katharine Hepburn, Lucille Ball and Helen Broderick. He was posthumously included in the Costume Designers Guild Hall of Fame in 2004.[1]

Biography

Bernard Newman was born in Joplin, Missouri in 1903.[2] He studied in Paris and at the Art Student's League. He started working at Bergdorf Goodman, a luxury goods department store in Manhattan, as a window dresser.[3] He later became the head designer for Bergdorf Goodman,[4] and his clothes were worn by film stars like Kay Francis.[5]

Bernard Newman started working as costume designer in the film industry from 1933 on, working mainly for RKO Pictures for the next three years. Newman is best remembered for the costumes he designed for Ginger Rogers in movies like _Top Hat_ and _Swing Time_.[6][7] He made a blue dress with ostrich feathers, to Rogers's specification, which she wore in the _Cheek to Cheek_ sequence and which gave her the nickname of _Feathers_.[8][9] 15 of his costumes for the 1935 movie _Roberta_ were reproduced and merchandised by the Modern Merchandising Bureau.[10] Other films he worked on include _Sylvia Scarlett_ with Katharine Hepburn and _You Can't Take It with You_.[11]

Filmography

-   1933: _Rafter Romance_
-   1935: _Roberta_
-   1935: _Star of Midnight_
-   1935: _Break of Hearts_
-   1935: _The Nitwits_
-   1935: _Top Hat_
-   1935: _I Dream Too Much_
-   1935: _In Person_
-   1935: _Sylvia Scarlet_
-   1935: _The Lady Consents_
-   1935: _Two in the Dark_
-   1935: _Follow the Fleet_
-   1936: _The Witness Chair_
-   1936: _The Bride Walks Out_
-   1936: _Swing Time_
-   1936: _Walking on Air_
-   1936: _Adventure in Manhattan_
-   1936: _Smartest Girl in Town_
-   1936: _Theodora Goes Wild_
-   1936: _More Than a Secretary_
-   1936: _History Is Made at Night_
-   1937: _When You're In Love_
-   1937: _Vivacious Lady_
-   1938: _You Can't Take It with You_
-   1939: _Green Hell_
-   1942: _Tales of Manhattan_
-   1946: _Deception_
-   1946: _Humoresque_
-   1947: _Possessed_
-   1947: _Deep Valley_
-   1947: _Dark Passage_
-   1947: _Escape Me Never_
-   1947: _Hazard_
-   1947: _The Woman in White_

Notes

[1] Costume Designers Guild 2004 Hall of Fame

[2]

[3]

[4] [https://books.google.com/books?id=Vpzp0rtDYCsC&pg=PA67&dq=%22bernard+newman%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=ukQHSNePCafSigG5zN2ADA&sig=afn52nrmoQl1zhLcyPikT7rtvYk#PPA67,M1 Sarah Berry in _Screen style: Fashion and femininity in 1930s Hollywood_] page 15 (2000)

[5] [https://books.google.com/books?id=QWRWZu2EsKAC&pg=PA155&dq=%22bernard+newman%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=FXYISNCUA5W2ygSt8_iNAQ&sig=xqo_xF4FKv8m45CEh22reF7LhAM Lynn Kear and John Rossman in _Kay Francis: A Passionate Life and Career_] page 155 (2006)

[6] Gregory Votolato in _American Design in the Twentieth Century: Personality and Performance_ page 45 (1995)

[7]  notes that John Harkrider designed the _Swing Time_ Silver Sandal Set (“Never Gonna Dance”) and the costumes used both on that set and on the “Bogangles of Harlem” set

[8] Turner Classic Movies on _Top Hat_

[9]  Rogers: “I designed the dress and I was going to wear it!”

[10] [https://books.google.com/books?id=Vpzp0rtDYCsC&pg=PA67&dq=%22bernard+newman%22&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=ukQHSNePCafSigG5zN2ADA&sig=afn52nrmoQl1zhLcyPikT7rtvYk#PPA67,M1 Sarah Berry in _Screen style: Fashion and femininity in 1930s Hollywood_] page 67-68 (2000)

[11]

title: Bernard Newman (designer)

question: What does the text say about the qualities of a good costume designer?

answer: No answer

question: What does the text say about Bernard Newman's life before Hollywood?

answer: Bernard Newman was born in Joplin, Missouri in 1903. In 1933, he started working as a costume designer at RKO Pictures. He worked at this role in the film industry from 1933 to 1947.

critique: An attentive reader can pick up that Bernard's life before Hollywood is irrelevant to the question.

critique: It is omitted that he studied in Paris and at the Art Student's League.

critique: The response does not answer the question.

critique: The response is missing some details about Newman's life before Hollywood.

critique: The answer omits that Newman studied in Paris and at the Art Student's League.

text: The response is missing information about Newman's work at Bergdorf Goodman, a luxury goods department store in Manhattan, as a window dresser.

category: coverage


text:
    During life people are called many things, some good, some bad. Within a short eight years I’ve been called; a student, worker, son, good listener, hero, savior, and many more. Since I was ten I’ve been talking people out of suicide online. During my eight years of helping people, I’ve helped many people, created an online organization, and learned many new things. This has forever and will constantly change my life.

    Many people ask me, how did this happen? How does a ten year old get mixed up with people’s lives? It was three days after my tenth birthday, the smell of my moms homemade cake was still tangible in the air. I logged onto the computer and found a chat room. I came across a man inside the room. He was talking about ending his life because his wife was cheating on him and getting his kids. My heart was in my ears beating hard, my palms were clammy and wet like a river. I talked with him till late in the night past any ten year olds bed time. This man was set and ready to die, a mere child stopped him. Me.

    A few months after helping the man, I met a girl my age who was rather interested in the “work” I did. She wanted to be part of the action. Lillie and I decided to work together helping people we would find in chat rooms. This continued for about a year. Lillie started to struggle with herself, the constant pressure of someone’s life in your hands at that young of an age takes a heavy toll upon the beholder. Lillie messaged me one night, “Dominic I have a problem” I asked her what it was and she stated, she wanted to die. She couldn’t take helping people anymore. I remember crying, panicking, wanting her to see it my way and not do what she was planning. It all ended so fast only three words remained “Lillie Signed Off.”

    Three years have passed since Lillie’s death, I created an online organization, filled with teens helping people out of dark thoughts. I created this organization in memory of Lillie. DarkShadows. DarkShadows, was constructed of teens from around the world, looking for people with suicidal thoughts that wanted to help prevent suicide. One hundred and ninety-seven teens joined DarkShadows. Each night we would have meetings and we would talk with one another to see if everyone was ok. I learned that this “job” is to hard for one child to take on alone day in and day out, there needs to be an escape route. DarkShadows showed some amazing results, the teens in DarkShadows were able to talk to five hundred plus people out of suicide. With every construction there is a destruction.

    I had a hard time destroying DarkShadows for I was proud of it. I closed down DarkShadows because the stress was enormous, two people were talking people into suicide, three people committed suicide from the pressure, and people started to not care. DarkShadows lasted three years and I was shocked that I could uphold it for so long, but I knew it had to go. I will never forget what I’ve learned from these past experiences.

    I’ve learned, many things over the past few years. I’ve learned that even though the world seems to burn like a raging fireball, there are many people out there still that care for others. I’ve learned that it doesn’t take a hero to save someone, you don’t need a utility belt, powers, cape, gadgets, or a “cool” name to save someone. All you need is a heart, and the will power, and the determination. Everyone is a hero in a way, you’re a hero to your kid, give someone some change for the bus, do something that is not expected from you. You are a hero.

    My life has changed drastically due to this “job”. I have become a better listener, I became mature, I met new people. I think back from when I was ten, I would have never imagined that helping that one guy would take me this far. I feel that due to this, I have a good understanding of people. I can “read” them easier. At times I have thought is it worth it? Is it worth spending hours upon hours helping someone that I don’t even know? When you help someone the end result of them being alive thanks to you is by far the best feeling you can think of. My life will never be the same due to this and for that I am grateful.

    During my short life span I’ve been a lot of things and experienced even more things. Do these names and experiences define me? Or simply give a better understanding of me? By helping one man live through the loss of his wife and kids. I met a great friend that I hold dear in my heart. I became a leader, making tough decisions for a lot of people. I learned, people still care for one another in this world. This has ultimately affected, and effected my life forever and I will never forget it. To be a Hero, you don’t need a cape or a utility belt, just a heart.

title: To Be A Hero You Need A Heart (True Story)

question: What would have happened if Lillie did not kill herself?

answer: Dominic owns and runs DarkShadows, a global organization that tries to help people in need as well as prevent suicide. If Lillie did not kill herself and was still part of his life, Dominic would have never created DarkShadows.

critique: The answer is a bit speculative. It is possible that Dominic would have started the group even if Lillie did not kill herself.

critique: "Dominic owns and runs DarkShadows, a global organization that tries to help people in need as well as prevent suicide. If Lillie did not kill herself and was still part of his life, Dominic would have never created DarkShadows." - this is incorrect. Dominic created DarkShadows because he was inspired by Lillie's death.

critique: Dominic created DarkShadows in memory of Lillie.


text:
ANSON PACELY KILLEN SAFFORD[1] (c. February 14, 1830[2]– December 15, 1891) was the third Governor of Arizona Territory. Affectionately known as the “Little Governor” due to his stature, he was also Arizona's longest-serving territorial governor. His work to create a public education system earned him the name “Father of the Arizona Public Schools”. Safford is additionally known for granting himself a divorce.

Background

Safford was born to Joseph Warren and Diantha P. (Little) Safford in Hyde Park, Vermont, on February 14 of either 1828 or 1830.{{#tag:ref|Safford's autobiography lists his year of birth as 1828, while other period sources list 1830.|group=“Note”|name=“DOB”}} When he was eight, his family moved to Crete, Illinois, where they farmed. Safford was largely self-educated, attending only five quarters at a county school followed later by six months at a different school. His father died in 1848 and his mother in 1849. Safford left the family farm in March 1850 as part of the California Gold Rush.

After his arrival in California, Safford began working a claim in Placer County that produced from five to twenty dollars per day. His leisure time was spent reading from a set of books he had purchased to further his education. In 1854 he moved to a new claim and in 1855 was a Democratic party nominee for a seat in the California State Assembly, losing his race to a Know Nothing candidate. Safford won a seat as an assemblyman in 1857 and was reelected in 1859.

Following his time in the state legislature, Safford moved to San Francisco where he operated an earthworks business. When the American Civil War broke out, he changed his political affiliation to the Unionist party and later became a Republican. Safford moved to Nevada in early 1862 and was elected county commissioner for Humboldt County in November 1862. After a month in office, he resigned as commissioner and later served as a mining recorder and county recorder. Safford was secretary of the Nevada constitutional convention in November 1863 and president of Nevada's first Republican state convention. To add to his cultural experience, Safford took a two-year trip to Europe and then returned to Nevada. He turned down a nomination to the US House of Representatives before being appointed surveyor-general of Nevada by President Andrew Johnson in March 1867. Safford served as surveyor-general for two years before health issues forced him to resign.

Safford married Jenny (or Jennie) L. Tracy in Tucson, Arizona, on July 24, 1869. The couple had a son who was born July 2, 1870, and died August 28, 1871. The couple quickly became estranged and their dispute escalated to the point where Jenny Safford had notices printed claiming her husband had engaged in infidelity and was suffering from a venereal disease. This marriage ended when Arizona's territorial legislature passed a bill granting a divorce to the couple. Governor Safford signing the bill into law in January 1873 and his ex-wife remarried on February 24, 1873.[3] Safford's second marriage was to Margarita Grijalva on December 12, 1878. The couple had one daughter before Margarita Safford died in New York City on January 7, 1880. Safford's third marriage was to Soledad Bonillas, sister of Ignacio Bonillas, on September 10, 1881. During his life, Safford adopted two children.

Governorship

On March 13, 1869, the Nevada Congressional delegation of Thomas Fitch, James W. Nye, and William M. Stewart petitioned President Ulysses S. Grant to nominate Safford as Governor of Arizona Territory. This nomination was supported by Arizona's Coles Bashford, John N. Goodwin, and Richard C. McCormick along with political figures from California. Safford was nominated on April 3, 1869, commissioned April 9, 1869, and sworn into office on July 9, 1869. His second term began in April 1873 and he declined a third term.

The Safford administration immediately faced the problem of hostile Indians. To counter this threat he called for the creation of volunteer militia and worked with Territorial Delegate McCormick to have General George Stoneman replaced by George Crook in June 1871. Safford was also forced to assign a military force to guard the road between Gila Bend and Fort Yuma from Mexican outlaws. Other efforts to combat lawlessness included the governor petitioning the territorial legislature to make highway robbery a capital offense and the building of a territorial prison. As a result of these efforts Indian hostilities were largely eliminated, with only occasional outbreaks, and enough order was instilled into the territory to allow for ranching activities to move to Arizona.

Safford's passion while in office was the creation of a public school system. This effort was initially opposed by the legislature, but the governor was able to win passage of a new property tax on February 17, 1871, to finance creation and operation of schools. As _ex officio_ superintendent of public instruction, the governor corresponded with educators across the nation and even used his personal funds to help build schools or bring new teachers to Arizona. Arizona's first public school opened during March 1872 in Tucson. The one room adobe structure had a single teacher and, at its peak, 138 students. Other schools were built throughout the territory over the next few years. During his address to the territorial legislature in January 1877, Safford was pleased to report that at least 1450 of the 2955 children counted in the May 1876 census could read and write.

After office

After leaving office Safford opened one of Arizona's first banks, with offices in Tucson and Tombstone. He was admitted to the bar in January 1875 but did not work as an attorney. Instead, with the assistance of his friend, John S. Vosburg, helped finance several mines. When the first claims were filed in Tombstone, the initial settlement of tents and cabins was located at Watervale near the Lucky Cuss mine. Safford offered financial backing for a cut of the Lucky Cuss mining claim, and Ed Schieffelin, his brother Al, and their partner Richard Gird formed the Tombstone Mining and Milling Company and with Safford's backing built the first stamping mill. When the mill was built, the town site was moved to Goose Flats, a mesa above the Toughnut above sea level and large enough to hold a growing town.[4]

[Stock certificate of the Consolidated Tombstone Gold and Silver Mining Company] In early March 1881, the Tombstone Mining and Milling Company was sold to capitalists from Philadelphia, and Safford became president of the new Tombstone Gold and Silver Milling and Mining Company with Richard Gird was superintendent.[5] Ed and Al Schieffelin soon sold their one-third ownership in the Tough Nut for $1 million and moved on, although Al remained in Tombstone for sometime longer. Gird later sold off his one-third interest for $1 million, doubling what the Schieffelins had been paid. In 1880, Safford was a delegate to the Republican National Convention.

In the early 1880s, Safford sold his business interests for roughly $140,000 and moved to Philadelphia and then New York City. By 1882 Safford had moved to Florida and become involved with building the new community of Tarpon Springs. He was a candidate for Arizona Territorial Governor again in 1889, with support coming from Matthew Quay, Leland Stanford, and William M. Stewart, but was not nominated. Safford's later years were spent in Florida with his family and sister, Mary Jane Safford-Blake. He died on December 15, 1891, in Tarpon Springs and was buried at Cycadia Cemetery.

[1] Various sources give multiple variations for the spelling of Safford's two middle names. Among these are Peasley, Peacely, Keeler, and Killen.

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

title: Anson P. K. Safford

question: Summarize the drive and motivation behind Anson Safford's creation of the public school system.

answer: Safford's drive and motivation for creating a public school system is not explicitly stated in the article. However, the article does mention that he was passionate about the creation of the public school system. He was also passionate about his work to create a public education system. The article also mentions that his motivation was to provide a public education system for the children in Arizona.

critique: The article does not mention that he was passionate about his work to create a public education system.

critique: The article doesn't explicitly state his motivation, but it does mention that he was passionate about the creation of the public school system.

critique: The article does not mention that he was passionate about his work to create a public education system. The article also does not mention that his motivation was to provide a public education system for the children in Arizona.

critique: The article does not mention that his motivation was to provide a public education system for the children in Arizona.

critique: The article does not explicitly state what motivated Safford to create a public school system.

critique: The answer incorrectly mentions that Safford may have been motivated by the children, however this information is not explicitly stated in the passage.


text:
The Vicious Zoo

The cages rattled as the animals within them grew restless. They had, as usual, resorted to their primitive nature in an effort to get what they want. They often took the circumstances of their captivity as an excuse to behave even more territorial and violent than they would in their natural habitat. Indeed, it’s incredibly rare for any of these creatures to exhibit the kind of civilized respect one might expect from an animal in captivity.
“Officer, prepare the riot squad.  I have a bad feeling about this,” I heard one of my fellow zookeepers say.
	 The animals we kept here were too despicable to even be compared with their wild counterparts. They were part of the handful who had found their way to be the scum of the earth, despite being born into the most civilized species. This fit they were having, unfortunately, was one of the more chaotic days at the Aldo Correctional facility. What was worse was that there was no particular reason for them to be acting this way, other than to try to make us mentally breakdown.
“Roger that!” I yelled back as I dodged a clump of bodily waste that was hurled at me by a creature on the second floor. My reflexes had increased sharply over the years.
In this particular unit of the prison, we had kept the worst of them: murderers, rapists, arsonists and every other inmate who failed to exhibit the faintest of humanity. For some reason, our warden thought it would be better for them to all be in one area to rot together. We understood there was no hope for these men. We understood that, as guards, we were obliged to treat them as such.
“The next one of you vermins to chuck shit at me is going to be real sorry!” I snapped. My proposition was met with a mocking. These inmates felt that they could treat me with even less respect because I was a woman. Despite having years of experience under my belt, as well as a semi-automatic pistol and pepper spray, they could never quite take me for more than just a piece of meat.
Finally, we managed to tame them through coercion. This was such a common occurrence that we went on about our days as if it had never happened. I had to take a shower to expel all the filth that had found its way to me. It was times like this that I questioned on why on earth I took this job. Why, both literally and metaphorically, my life had come down to dodging shit.
It was pointless trying to punish them; we knew that they ran the prison, not us. After all, the inmates knew that, in numbers, they could make us literally clean up their mess. Guards were mopping the dull gray floors feverishly, trying to rid them of the foul stench that the animals identified as victory.
It was 6:30 P.M., time for rounds. Today, I had the displeasure of making sure every brute was in his cage. As I marched through the different levels of Unit 2, my presence was met with objectifying whistles and whispered intentions that were anything but romantic. When I first started working here, I could barely make it halfway through the first floor without crying, but the zoo eventually managed to vacuum the weakness and replace it with a spine.

After rounds I went to the guard lounge. Even with low budget funding, the lounge was still an incredible luxury compared to my unit. Just as I sat down, the warden marched in.
“We have a fresh new batch of fish today, boys,” he exclaimed with delight. “There’s no more room in Unit 4, so we’re going to have to accommodate these among the beasts in Unit 2”. That was my unit. He went on, “I’m hoping that mixing these white collars in can bring some class to the unit!”
The others seemed to brighten with that idea. I saw the flaw in his theory.
“Sir, if I may” I hesitated. “These men will not stand a chance at survival”.
“Well Officer Penny,” he said as if he was talking to his wife, “I’m sure that if you have managed here for this long, they won’t find it too difficult!”
The rest of the officers laughed like he was the popular girl in high school. I had to force a smile; I wasn’t going to let them get to me.
Newcomers. The inmates so affectionately nicknamed them “fish” as a testament to their inevitable helplessness. These fish were to be thrown in the same aquariums as the sharks, where they would eventually be swallowed, after being chewed a couple of times.
Aldo greets prisoners of all kinds, most with looks that exhibit the throbbing despair associated with the idea of spending time in prison, but usually the ones destined to Unit 2 wore a confidence as if they were hyenas returning to the savannah. This group of pencil-pushing scumbags had the look of prize winning dogs that had just been shaved bald and put in the pound.
“Okay ladies, let’s get undressed” another officer yelled with a slight grin on his face.
We spent the next few minutes searching them for drugs in places we knew they wouldn’t bother to put them, but this process was more symbolic than anything. We gave them their new permanent clothes, and watched them create paths of self-pitying tears to their respective cells.

One inmate stuck out in his absence of expression. He didn’t quite look satisfied, but merely used to misery. He looked like a man who had nothing in his outside life to miss, almost like an orphan. Of all the new helpless fish, he was definitely a guppy. I tried to look away, but he was too conspicuous in his lack of emotion. Was it a mask he was wearing? I must have been staring hard enough to prick his senses because he shifted his vision from the ground to my eyes. I realized that he was walking towards me.

EDIT: second half is in comments

title: 1st half of my short story (character limit)

question: Summarize the relationship between the narrator and the new inmate.

answer: The narrator is a guard at the Aldo Correctional facility. The new inmate is a white-collar criminal who is being sent to Unit 2, where the narrator works. The narrator is concerned that the new inmate will not survive in the prison. The narrator is also concerned that the new inmate is staring at her.

critique: It is omitted that the narrator is a woman.

critique: The new inmate isn't a white-collar criminal.

critique: It would be more accurate to say the narrator is a guard, officer, and zookeeper at the Aldo Correctional Facility rather than just a guard.

question: Summarize the ways in which the prisoners disrespect the guards.

answer: The prisoners throw bodily waste at the guards. They also treat the guards with less respect because they are women. They also treat the guards with disrespect because they are lower ranking than the prisoners.

critique: The answer misrepresents the text. The prisoners treat the guards with less respect because they are women, and they treat the guards with disrespect because they are lower ranking than the prisoners.

critique: The prisoners treat the guards with less respect because they are women.

critique: The prisoners treat the guards with less respect because they are women. They also treat the guards with disrespect because they are lower ranking than the prisoners.

critique: It is not stated that the prisoners treat the guards with disrespect because they are lower ranking than the prisoners.

critique: They also treat the guards with disrespect because they are of a higher class than the prisoners.

critique: The answer omits the prisoners' objectification of the guards.

critique: The last sentence is not supported by the text.

question: Summarize everything relating to the crimes the prisoners have committed.

answer: The prisoners are murderers, rapists, and arsonists. They are the scum of the earth. The narrator notes that the prisoners are despicable compared to their wild counterparts.

critique: The answer omits the fact that the prisoners are also white-collar criminals.

critique: They aren't compared to wild counterparts. The narrator just seems to be sure that it would be worse if they were in the wilderness.

critique: The response should include that the new batch of prisoners are white-collars.

critique: It's omitted that the prisoners committed these crimes despite being born into the most civilized species.

critique: The response is missing the detail that the crimes committed are white collar crimes.

critique: It is omitted that the new batch of prisoners are white-collar criminals.

question: Summarize all the instances where the inmates are likened to specific animals.

answer: The inmates are compared to vermins for their violent and aggressive behavior. The inmates are also compared to animals for their lack of humanity. The new batch of inmates are compared to fish because of their helplessness. The inmates who are being transferred to Unit 2 are compared to dogs returning to the savannah.

critique: It's omitted that the narrator describes the inmates as hyenas.

critique: The new batch of inmates are not compared to dogs.

critique: The answer omits the comparison of the new inmates to hyenas.

critique: There is no mention of hyenas in the story.

critique: "The inmates who are being transferred to Unit 2" - is incorrect. The new batch of inmates are being compared to fish.


text:
ERIC CALCAGNO Y MAILLMANN (born April 9, 1967) is an Argentine sociologist, journalist, diplomat and politician. Having been the Ambassador to France, he became a member of the Argentine Senate in 2007 before joining the government of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner as a junior minister. He returned to his Senate seat in 2008.

Career

Born in La Plata, Calcagno comes from a family with a strong background in academia and connections with France. His grandfather, Alfredo Domingo Calcagno, rector of the National University of La Plata, was the Argentine ambassador to UNESCO in Paris during the Presidency of Arturo Frondizi. His father, Alfredo Eric Calcagno, studied at the Institut d'Études Politiques de Paris before working for the United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America for more than twenty years.

Calcagno studied at French schools and, in the early 1990s, graduated from the École Nationale d'Administration in France in public administration and from the Sorbonne in sociology.[1]

Calcagno worked as an economics consultant and journalist, including for _Le Monde Diplomatique_ (Southern Cone Edition), _Diario Hoy_ of La Plata, the magazines _Veintitrés_ and _Veintitrés Internacional_ and Terra. With his father he co-wrote two books on politics and economics: _Para entender la política, entre la ilusión de lo óptimo y la realidad de lo pésimo_ (English translation of title: How to understand politics. Between an utopian illusion and the worst reality), Editorial Norma (Buenos Aires, 1999) and _La deuda externa explicada a todos (los que tienen que pagarla)_ (English translation of title: Foreign Debt Explained to Those Who Have to Pay it), Editorial Catálogos (Buenos Aires, 2000).[2]

He published _Terra incógnita, crónica de la caída de la convertibilidad_[3] (English translation of title: Terrae Incognita: a chronicle of the fall of the dollar peg of the Argentine peso), a chronicle of the Argentine economic crisis, in 2005. He was known as a critic of neoliberal economics and the Washington Consensus. He teamed up with his father to teach economics at the National University of Lanús, Buenos Aires and taught a range of other universities, including as Director of the Centre of Studies of National Economic Thought (CEPEN) at the University of Buenos Aires.[4]

In 2005, Calcagno was a reserve member on the Front for Victory list for the Senate for Buenos Aires Province. The list was headed by Cristina Fernández de Kirchner and was successful in the October elections, winning the maximum two places. Shortly after the election, in December 2005, Calcagno was named Ambassador to France, after Rafael Bielsa had accepted that position only to reject it a day later in public.[5] In 2007, upon the election of Fernández de Kirchner as President of Argentina, Calcagno replaced her in the Senate. However, within ten days he was granted a leave of absence to take up the President's offer of a position in government. He became subsecretary of Small and Medium Enterprises.[6]

Calcagno's post at the Senate was left vacant until July 2008, when the tax farm issue arose. In March the government tried to introduce a new taxation system on agricultural exports. Nationwide mass protests were the result and the government eventually was forced to send the government's farm exports tax proposal to the Argentine Congress. Calcagno had to leave his office and return to the Senate in order to vote in favour of the government, as a close tie was due.[7] This vote was eventually decided by Vice-President Julio Cobos, who rejected the farm exports tax bill. Calcagno remained in the Senate, where he took over the chairmanship of the Infrastructure, Transport and Housing committee soon afterwards.[8]

He was elected National Deputy for the Buenos Aires Province in 2011 from the Front for Victory party.

[1] _Clarín_: Eric Calcagno, un intelectual con fuertes raíces en Francia, 9 December 2005.

[2] Terra: Quién es Eric Calcagno . Accessed 28 April 2008.

[3]

[4] Government Press Release 026/06 'Nuevo embajador argentino en Francia' , 17 January 2006.

[5] _Clarín_: Un sociólogo educado en París es el nuevo embajador en Francia, 10 December 2005.

[6] _La Nación_: Polémica por los 6 meses de licencia para Eric Calcagno, 29 February 2008.

[7] http://www.perfil.com/contenidos/2008/07/06/noticia_0040.html

[8] http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1041098

title: Eric Calcagno

question: Summarize some of the accomplishments of Eric Calcagno.

answer: He began working as a journalist and has great influence on the Argentinian government through his co-authored books. He also took a leave of absence from his senate position to serve as a junior minister in the Argentine government after President Kirchner appointed him.

critique: Add in the point about teaching about economics at the University of Buenos Aires

critique: The answer does not mention that Calcagno was a reserve member on the Front for Victory list for the Senate for Buenos Aires Province.

critique: The response does not mention his diplomatic career.

critique: The response is missing some of Calcagno's accomplishments.

critique: "He began working as a journalist and has great influence on the Argentinian government through his co-authored books." - this is inaccurate. Calcagno never worked as a journalist.

critique: "He also took a leave of absence from his senate position to serve as a junior minister in the Argentine government after President Kirchner appointed him." - this is incorrect. Calcagno was already a junior minister in the government when the President appointed him to the senate.

critique: The answer should mention the book he wrote.

critique: "great influence on the Argentinian government through his co-authored books" is unattested and irrelevant.

critique: It is omitted that Calcagno is an economist and a member of the Front for Victory party.

critique: The answer does not mention his diplomatic career.

critique: He was a reserve member on the Front for Victory list for the Senate for Buenos Aires Province. He is a member of the Front for Victory party.

question: Summarize Eric Calcagno's political influences.

answer: No answer

critique: The text does not mention Calcagno's political influences.

critique: The text mentions his father's connections with France and the Buenos Aires Province.

critique: No answer is required because the question is not included in the article.


text:
BROCKINGTON COLLEGE is a Church of England mixed secondary school in Enderby, Leicestershire, England. It is in the district of Blaby. The school became an academy on 1 August 2012.[1]

History

In 1957 Brockington College was erected using an intergrid prefabricated construction. Four other Leicestershire schools also used this method of construction and due to the high maintenance costs and physical degradation of the buildings each of these schools has now been replaced. Brockington College was part of a £19m project from September 2006 to September 2007. Being a voluntary-aided school, funding was not directly through the Building Schools for the Future scheme but shared between HM Government and the Partnership for Church Schools scheme. As such the Church of England made a significant investment in the college and its local community. The current building boasts modern and state-of-the-art facilities, especially information technology equipment. A full size artificial grass pitch was added in 2009, funded and sponsored by the FA,[2] Next and a number of other local sponsors.

The school converted to academy status in August 2012.[3] Previously a middle school for pupils aged 11 to 14, in September 2015 the school changed to become an 11 to 16 secondary school.

Features of the college

Admissions

Brockington admits children aged 11–16 and in recent years has drawn significant numbers of pupils from beyond its traditional catchment area. The current informal catchment extends in excess of 8 miles, centred on Enderby and Narborough and including Croft, Huncote and Thurlaston - but reaching to Stoney Stanton, Whetstone and Blaby, Braunstone and Leicester Forest East as families have elected to apply to Brockington rather than their local secondary schools. Ofsted noted Brockington's pastoral support as being one of the many outstanding features of the college in 2010.

Spiritual reflection

The school speaks of its “uniquely Christian ethos” and has been assessed as an “Outstanding” school as part of its Section 48 inspection.[4] Children and staff from a number of faith backgrounds are part of the Brockington community and all beliefs are respected and considered. Local clergy host assemblies once a fortnight for each year and there is a strong Spiritual Reflection programme designed to prompt reflection among all, irrespective of their faith. There is also a Christmas and Easter service held at the local church for years 7-10.

House system

There are four Houses within the school (Plantagenet, Stuart, Tudor, and Windsor) and pupils frequently participate in extracurricular and enrichment activities representing their House.[5]

ICT facilities

All classrooms are equipped with LED projectors and have interactive whiteboards. There are currently five ICT rooms located on-site.

School values

The school has eight key values ('Compassion', 'Forgiveness', 'Justice', 'Koinonia’, 'Perseverance’, ‘Wisdom’, ‘Learning’ and ‘Respect’) that inform the school's assembly programme; Collective Worship Programme and are the cornerstones for teaching within the school.[6]

Student voice

Each tutor group has elected representatives who meet once a term, decide priorities and liaise with the senior leadership team. Student Voice pupils also play a significant role in staff recruitment (forming formal interview panels) and the promotion of the school.

Facilities

The College offers bookable rooms and facilities for outside groups.[7] Regular sporting events are hosted using the College's facilities, including the 3G Artificial Grass Football Pitch (AGP), main indoor sports hall, and Multi Use Games Area (MUGA).[8]

Notable former pupils

-   Richard Armitage, actor.
-   Joe Corby, greenkeeper.

[1]  Brockington College|url = http://www.brockington.leics.sch.uk/category/the-school/about-the-college/%7Cwebsite = www.brockington.leics.sch.uk|access-date = 2016-01-25}}

[2]  The FA Cup|url = http://3g.thefa.me.uk/pitch.php?id=1214%7Cwebsite = 3g.thefa.me.uk|access-date = 2016-01-25|first = The Football|last = Association}}

[3]

[4]

[5]  Brockington College|url = http://www.brockington.leics.sch.uk/house-competition/%7Cwebsite = www.brockington.leics.sch.uk|access-date = 2016-01-25}}

[6]

[7]  Facilities|url = http://facilities.brockington.leics.sch.uk/%7Cwebsite = facilities.brockington.leics.sch.uk|access-date = 2016-01-25|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160131235406/http://facilities.brockington.leics.sch.uk/%7Carchive-date = 2016-01-31|url-status = dead}}

[8]  Pitch Hire {{!}} Brockington ~ Leicester {{!}} Brockington College ~ Leicester|url = http://facilities.brockington.leics.sch.uk/index.php/2010/10/artificial-grass-pitch-sports-facilities-flood-lit-hall/%7Cwebsite = facilities.brockington.leics.sch.uk|access-date = 2016-01-25|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160201005455/http://facilities.brockington.leics.sch.uk/index.php/2010/10/artificial-grass-pitch-sports-facilities-flood-lit-hall/%7Carchive-date = 2016-02-01|url-status = dead}}

title: Brockington College

question: What does the text say about the physical features of Brockington College?

answer: Brockington College was erected in 1957 using an intergrid prefabricated construction. The school was part of a £19m project from September 2006 to September 2007. The current building boasts modern and state-of-the-art facilities, especially information technology equipment. A full size artificial grass pitch was added in 2009, funded and sponsored by the FA, Next, and a number of other local sponsors.

critique: The answer should mention the school's building construction.

critique: The answer should mention the school's facilities.

question: What does the text say about spiritual reflection?

answer: Brockington College has a uniquely Christian ethos. Children and staff from a number of faith backgrounds are part of the Brockington community and all beliefs are respected and considered. Local clergy host assemblies once a fortnight for each year and there is a strong Spiritual Reflection program designed to prompt reflection among all, irrespective of their faith. There is also a Christmas and Easter service held at the local church for years 7-10.

critique: The answer should mention that the school is a Church of England school.

question: What does the text say about funding?

answer: Brockington College is a voluntary-aided school. Funding was not directly through the Building Schools for the Future scheme, but shared between HM Government and the Partnership for Church Schools scheme. The Church of England made a significant investment in the college and its local community.

critique: The answer should mention the school's artificial grass pitch.

critique: The text does not mention the Building Schools for the Future scheme.

critique: Repeat information in the second sentence.

critique: The answer should mention the artificial grass pitch.

critique: The answer should mention the school's funding for the artificial grass pitch.

critique: The answer should mention the 2009 artificial grass pitch.

question: What does the text say about preparation for university?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer is wrong. The school should not be exempted of this because as a secondary school there are some form of preparatory programs put in place by schools for their students. There are policies for uniforms for different learning structures, which should explain the specialization for the curriculum.


text:
Richard Hale lifted a fresh cigarette to his mouth.  His feet on his desk, his papers scattered about, he inhaled the fresh nicotine and exhaled heavily.  There was a knock.  With a sigh, Richard unseated himself and sauntered over to the frosted glass door.

“It’s Mickey,” came the voice from the other side.

Richard closed his eyes and took a deep breath, sucking in as much as he could before opening the door.

“We’ve got a new case,” Mickey explained.

“That so?”

Mickey nodded.  “Morphine.”

Richard stared out the window to the streets of L.A., a trail of smoke rolling off his lips. “Again?” he asked, slightly frustrated.

“Again,” Mickey confirmed.  “Say, Richard, I thought we agreed you wouldn’t smoke in the office.  And I’d rather you didn’t at all, it’s really not a good habit.”

Richard turned to look at his partner of seven years.  His movements slow and methodical, he lifted the cigarette to his mouth once more, eyeing Mickey and blowing a stream of smoke up into the air.  After one last puff, he smothered the flame and disposed of the cigarette.

“Thank you,” said Mickey.  Richard seated himself once more, leaning back and resting his size nine leather shoes on the cluttered desk.  Mickey cleared his throat.  “I have a few leads,” he stated.  Richard gave an inquisitive look.  “About the case,” he continued, “I believe I know who the supplier is.”

Richard stood.  “Lead the way.”

Mickey stepped outside and into his Chevrolet Styleline, Richard following at a steady pace.  The car slowly accelerated, as Mickey was careful about his things, particularly his car.  They sat in silence, other than a single attempt by Mickey to initiate conversation.  Eventually, they arrived at a bar downtown.  Mickey led the way inside.

The bar was filled with cigar smoke, and Richard took this as an invitation to light up one of his own.  Mickey dared not say a word, and ignored his partner’s actions as he sauntered over to a table occupied by three men.  He sat down, leaving Richard to stand, as there were only four seats.

Richard swore he had seen the man in the middle before.  The pale, round face and striking blue eyes screamed of familiarity, but Richard failed to determine from where.  Mickey initiated conversation.

“How’ve you been, Ballard?”

The man across from Mickey gestured towards Richard.  “Who’s this,” he asked in strong a Bostonian accent.

“This,” replied Mickey, “is my partner Richard.” Richard’s brow furrowed.

“I don’t like him.”

Mickey turned to Richard, a pleading look in his eyes.  “Could you wait out in the car?  I’ll be ten minutes or less.”  Richard looked at the two man and left the room without acknowledging either man.  Minutes later, Mickey emerged.

“Sorry about that,” he apologized.  “Tom is… uncomfortable around strangers.”

“What I’m more concerned about is why you don’t fall under that category.”

They drove in silence until arriving back at the office.  “Don’t wait for me,” Richard instructed. “I’m in no mood to go home to my wife.”

“That’s not a good attitude to have.”

“Don’t lecture me, Michael.”

Once inside, Richard sat down at his desk and closed his eyes.  He enjoyed being in the office, it being the calmest place he knew, but was only able to grasp a moment of respite before being interrupted by the ringing of the telephone.  With a sigh, he answered it.  A woman’s voice on the other end went into details about a case.

“Hold on,” said Richard, “I need a pen.”

Richard set the phone down and opened a drawer.  He fiddled with papers, but found nothing, so he reached over to Mickey’s filing cabinet.

It was the first time Richard had ever looked into Mickey’s filing cabinet, which was always kept locked.  Fortunately for Richard, the key had been left sitting directly on top of it.  Opening the top drawer, Richard peered inside.

“Son of a bitch,” Richard muttered to himself under his breath, as inside, bound together with a rubber band, labeled “T.B.,” was nothing but a three inch high pile of cash.  He leafed through it… all twenties.  Richard closed the drawer and went back to the phone.

“I’m going to have to call you back.”

Before the woman could protest, Richard hung up the phone and dialed his partner’s number.

----------

The night was quiet as the clock struck ten.  Far from downtown Los Angeles, Richard Hale stood, waiting.  A car passed, then another.  Neither was the one he was waiting to see.  Thunder rumbled in the distance, yet not a drop of rain had fallen.  He slid his hands into his coat pockets, feeling the items within.  The smooth paper in the left, the cold metal in the right.

Richard heard another car and looked up. A maroon Styleline rolled to a stop in front of him.  Out stepped a man.

“What’s so urgent?”

Richard drew his left hand from his pocket, revealing the stack of bills.

“Where the hell did you get that?”

“I should be asking you the same thing.”

Richard watched as the man’s face twisted.  He motioned for Richard to approach him.  Richard obliged, and watched as the trunk of the car opened.  He glanced inside, then back at the man before him.

“You know,” the man said.  “I can get you in on this.”

Richard glared.  “I thought… I thought you were better than this.”

The man’s face twisted into a wicked grin, a grin far different from the one Richard had known for so long.  “Every man has his price,” he said, grinning at the ground as rain began to fall.  He looked up.  “What’s yours?”

Richard pulled his right hand out of his coat, the object within in his grasp.  The man’s smile disappeared, his eyes widened.

“No… Richard, please, no.”

Richard shook his head in disgust.  “You were a good partner.”

The streetlights cast a shadow on the streets of LA.  As the rain poured, a figure in a trench coat walked off into the distance, alone.

Richard Hale lifted a fresh cigarette to his mouth.

title: An attempt at something dark [1,018 words] - Feedback greatly appreciated

question: What does the article say about what the protagonist does for a living?

answer: Richard Hale is a detective. He works with his partner Mickey on cases involving morphine.

critique: The answer should mention that Mickey is also a detective.

critique: The answer should mention that the cases are drug-related.

critique: The answer should mention that the case they work on is not the only one they work on.

critique: The answer should mention Richard's job specialty.

text: The story does not mention that all the cases the detectives handle involve morphine.

category: accuracy


text:
Plenty of daily events can cause anxiety. Whether it’s triggered by stress at work, relationship problems, current events, or any other emotional event, everyone knows how it feels to be anxious, worried, or panicked. But for some people, simply waking up in the morning and starting a new day can instill this sense of fear. This is called morning anxiety.

Morning anxiety is just what the name would suggest: anxiety that sets in at the start of each day. For some, this means just worrying—about what happened the day before and what might happen today. For others, it can be much more extreme. Katherine Glick, licensed professional counselor, certified holistic health coach, and therapist at Talkspace, tells SELF that for some of her anxiety patients, the morning is their worst time of day. “I had one patient who would have a panic attack like clockwork every single morning,” she says.

While not all people experience anxiety in the same way or at the same magnitude, the reasons morning anxiety happens are similar across the board. And there are ways for everyone to minimize it and look forward to—instead of dread—the start to each new day.

Morning is a prime time for anxiety for a few reasons. One is that most of us don’t get enough quality sleep.

A lot of anxiety comes from a physical, hormonal, chemical place, Glick says. Sleep is one of the best ways our bodies can regulate these physiological aspects of our mental health. “It’s during good sleep that brain chemicals related to mental health are replenished,” Glick says. “So if you don’t get good sleep, you’re going to wake up anxious off the bat.” Skimping on sleep leaves us with elevated levels of stress hormones, “so we're starting off the day in a biologically stressed place.” Considering a third of Americans aren’t getting the recommended amount of sleep, it’s not surprising that many of us feel mentally off in the morning.

On top of that, it’s normal for all of yesterday's worries to resurface the second your brain’s awake.

“Not only physically will you be out of whack, but as soon as your brain shakes away the sleep clouds, it’s going to remember everything that was on your plate yesterday that wasn’t resolved,” Glick says. “Now you have to figure that out while being in a chemically stressed place, which is really tough.”

And you probably also start thinking about everything new you have on your plate today.

“Morning anxiety may be triggered when we are consumed with the ‘what ifs’ of the day or week,” Jamison Monroe, CEO of Newport Academy, a healing center for adolescents struggling with mental health issues, eating disorders, and substance abuse, tells SELF. (Monroe, who was in and out of treatment centers as a teenager, co-founded Newport Academy with his father to provide better options for teens facing the same problems.) He explains that this fear of the future is called “future tripping.” “When someone is focused too much on the future, upon awaking they may be tormented by all the things they have to do for the day, or even worse, all the things that may go wrong.” This worry can be all-consuming and lead to an increasing amount of anxiety.

To quash morning anxiety, you need to first break the mental habit, and then learn how to focus on living in the present.

If you have morning anxiety regularly for a period of time, your brain starts expecting it, even on days when you have no real worries, Glick says. You need to break the cycle by retraining yourself to not fear the mornings. Then, adopt morning habits that foster calmness and living in the present. Here’s how.

1. GET MORE SLEEP. Brush up on your sleep hygiene. “Establish a bedtime routine, and stop looking at screens at least a half hour before bed, do a quick meditation or yoga before bed,” Glick suggests. “Good sleep is really important for biological functioning.”

2. START AN ENJOYABLE MORNING ROUTINE. That means not snoozing until the very last second and then leaving the house in a panicked frenzy. “Set your alarm for early enough to get up, have breakfast, maybe even read the paper for 5 minutes, so you can deliberately start the day with some calm and relaxation,” Glick suggests.

3. SPEAKING OF THE SNOOZE BUTTON—STOP USING IT. You get 8 more minutes of sleep at the expense of confusing the hell out of your body clock. Get up when your alarm goes off.

4. MEDITATE. Glick suggests a breathing exercise like The 4-7-8 Breath, developed by Andrew Weil, M.D., but doing any simple breathing exercise in the morning will help focus and relax your mind and body and train you to focus on the present instead of the past or future. Monroe suggests using an app like Headspace or Calm—“make sure to put your phone in airplane mode so you don’t get interrupted,” he says.

5. USE POSITIVE AFFIRMATIONS. “Say out loud, or to yourself, some positive affirmations such as, ‘I am focused on the present moment,’ or ‘I am happy and healthy,’” Monroe suggests. Positive affirmations are an insanely simple way to train yourself to be more positive and present. There’s a reason therapists recommend them—over time, they do work.

6. WRITE WHATEVER'S ON YOUR MIND. “Write two or three pages in the morning, whatever comes to mind, it doesn't have to be full sentences or make any sense, just get out whatever stuff is in your brain,” Glick suggests. “It’s a nice therapeutic practice and sets up the day in a way that's calm and meditative.”

7. STRETCH OR PRACTICE YOGA. This can be a more physical form of meditation. Taking some time to meditate and relax will help you stay present and face the day with a calmer disposition.

8. GET OUT AND MOVE. Take a walk, go out for a run, or hit the gym. If you’re someone who feels better after getting up and moving (it really does help), work it into your new morning routine. Exercise relieves stress and does a whole load of other great things for our brains and bodies.

question: What does the text say about anti-anxiety supplements?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should mention the lack of information about the topic.

critique: The article does not mention anti-anxiety supplements.

critique: The answer should mention that the text doesn't talk about anti-anxiety supplements.

critique: The text does not mention anti-anxiety supplements.

question: What does the text say about morning anxiety?

answer: The term, morning anxiety, describes the acute and primary reasons why some people are anxious, worried, or panicking. Some people even find themselves to be semi-catatonic. The reasons why this happens in the morning is when people aren't getting enough quality sleep. Get enough sleep and you won't wake up in a pitched state.

critique: The answer is inaccurate and should be rewritten.

critique: The response contains inaccurate information.

critique: The response inaccurately mentions that some people are semi-catatonic.

critique: The response is inaccurate. The text does not say that morning anxiety causes people to be semi-catatonic.

critique: The answer is inaccurate. The text does not say that morning anxiety makes people semi-catatonic.

critique: Sleep disorders are linked to elevated stress hormones, which are sometimes the reason behind mood changes. It would be better to describe a sleep disorder as such than as lack of sleep.

question: What does the text say about the relationship between sleep and morning anxiety?

answer: The author discusses how morning anxiety is a symptom of sleep habits, which are connected to the levels of stress hormones in the system. Sleep is also a primary contributor to replenishing the brain chemicals related to mental health. Glick says morning anxiety can be triggered when we are consumed with the "what ifs" of the day or week. It will be worsened if anxiety they face on a continual basis results in them not getting good sleep, which leaves you in a stressed place. Alright, peoples with poor sleep habits will have elevated levels of stress hormones in the morning so it will be a soured start to their day.

critique: The highlighted text is inaccurate. The highlighted text is what happens to people who don't get enough sleep.

critique: The highlighted sentences are not about sleep.

critique: The highlighted text is irrelevant to the question and should be removed.

question: What does the text say about the steps needed to keep morning anxiety at bay?

answer: Morning anxiety can be largely mitigated by getting enough sleep, a productive morning routine, and positive affirmations. Other measures include regular exercise and mindfulness techniques like writing out thoughts and feelings and walking, running, or hitting the gym. People should also start their days off right by not using their snooze button, meditating or practicing yoga, or stretching.

critique: The answer should mention the importance of not worrying about the future.

critique: The answer omits the importance of breaking the mental habit.

critique: The answer should mention the importance of not focusing on the future.

critique: The question is asking how to keep morning anxiety at bay. The answer should cover this.

critique: It's not necessary to reiterate the other steps-it's redundant and should be omitted.

critique: The positive affirmations are not mentioned in the article.

critique: It's omitted that people should also try to focus on living in the present moment.


text:
[]

What I’m about to tell you is so mind-numbingly basic you will probably think to yourself, _“Wow, Einstein, is that the best you could come up with?”_

Yep, it’s the very best advice I can give to a fellow man because I know how damn hard it is to stay focused on the basics. We tend to over-think and over-complicate matters of female love and affection.

If you golf you may remember the times you tried to focus on your feet, your grip, your club, your hips, your knees, your arms and the wind all at the same time.  And then you shanked it. Ugh.

All you really needed to do was relax, watch the ball and trust your swing.  Just three simple things. Do those three things consistently and you’ve got 90% of the game figured out.

It’s the same thing when it comes to creating an affectionate relationship. It’s not that complicated.

_The basics matter more than anything else._

Your ability to be consistent in the basics is always more important than worrying about where the ball is going to go (the outcome).  As soon as you lose focus on the basics the wheels will start coming off.

In this Part I article, I’ll explain three basic mistakes which will cause you to “shank it” every time you are hoping for more affection.

Next week in Part II I’ll explain three basic attributes of husbands who get all the affection they want.

♦◊♦

The Difference between Affection we Get vs. Affection we Give

For the purpose of this article, I define female affection the way my clients describe it.

_Female affection to us is any thought, word or action from her that feels kind, warm, loving, supportive, honoring, approving, accepting, respectful, cuddly, sweet or sexy. It’s the irreplaceable feeling of being wanted and appreciated. It’s a feeling of belonging and devotion._

We will constantly struggle in our desire for female affection if we are disingenuous with ours.

You might say these same things apply to her equally. I’d agree, except for one thing.

Most of us will devour her affection even if she doesn’t really mean it. Even if she is doubting her own love and commitment to us. Even if it’s half-hearted. Most of us can’t tell the difference. And it feels so freaking good we just don’t care.

We want to believe it’s true, therefore we do so without question.

But we don’t have the same luxury. When we show her affection we better mean it.

Why?

Because she has a better bullshit detector. She is much more wary of the intent behind our affections. Because if we don’t mean it – it’s not real. It doesn’t count. It’s not affection to her. It feels like a game.

We will constantly struggle in our desire for female affection if we are disingenuous with ours.

That gets us started on #1 below.

♦◊♦

3 Basic Mistakes that Kill All Wives Ability to Be Affectionate

_Clarification:_ I’ve used the term _“All Wives”_ here. By “all” I only mean 99.8%. I apologize now to the .2%.

BASIC MISTAKE #1:  _Faking Affection (aka. You doubt your love for her)_

This is so simple it’s ridiculous. Don’t fake it. It is pointless to expect any affection at all from a woman for whom your love is in doubt. Don’t play games. This mistake is the number one roadblock to genuine affection and intimacy. She will not risk giving you affection if she doesn’t trust your love.

Yes, marriage can be full of emotional ups and downs. Doubts do creep in and we must deal with them. The rule here is to make sure your affection is genuinely coming from a place of love. Not fear and not with strings attached. Better not to show any affection at all than to fake it.

And if you don’t honestly love her and adore her, you’ve got bigger problems than an unaffectionate wife. You should be asking yourself different questions. If you are spending time dreaming about your divorce, you’re in no place to be bitching about her lack of affection.  I know – I tried that once.

BASIC MISTAKE #2:  _Intellectual Warfare (aka. Trying to make her feel stupid)_

This mistake is also simple but so hard to avoid sometimes. This is the smart guy’s tool of choice when the chips are down. It used to be my “go to” mode when I wanted to be right about something.

Whenever there is conflict or blaming going on, you deftly guide her though a strategic line of logic that leaves her feeling stupid – or least, feeling like you think she’s stupid. The affect is the same. She loses trust.

When you allow your emotions to invoke the intellectual warfare reaction, nothing good will happen. Ever. When we allow a conflict to move from a conversation to a court trial the “affection factory” closes for business.

I won’t go into a class on handling conflict effectively right now. Just remember basic rule #2. Never try to make her feel stupid. You’re stronger and more secure than that.

BASIC MISTAKE #3:  _Interrogation (aka. Whiny questions)_

I wrote about this mistake in my article about the _“Hummingbird Husband”._ As I mentioned there, I’m a recovering hummingbird and I’ve lived this stuff.

This is the mistake of asking tons of questions from a place of self-doubt and insecurity. These are questions that have the underlying need of _“please tell me I’m okay and that we’re okay”._

They sound like_, “What’s the matter? Why did you say that? What did I do wrong? What do you want me to do?  How can I make you happy?_

To her it feels like a barrage of accusations – an interrogation of her devotion and commitment.

When she can see that you’re coming from a place of fear, distrust and doubt she can’t feel affectionate. I know, a great big hug of reassurance would be the best thing ever. Hell, how about some sex? That would be terrific.

But she can’t do it. Why?

Because interrogations can make _her_ feel fear, distrust and doubt.  And while your fear, distrust and doubt might be quickly calmed with closeness and affection, hers are calmed mostly by feeling your strength.

♦◊♦

Aren’t We Equals?

I know where the conversation usually goes from here.

_“I thought we were equals. Why can’t I rely on her strength when I need it? When do I get to be vulnerable without having to be strong for her? And what’s her responsibility here?  What mistakes does she need to avoid?”_

I’ll get into some of that in the Part II article next week.

In the meantime, let’s have fun in the comments!

♦◊♦

There’s another big mistake I wrote about in this free ebook for you.  It’s about handling your fear of asking for what you really want.  Download _THE HARD-TO-SWALLOW SECRET TO SAVING YOUR MARRIAGE_ by clicking HERE.

Photo Andy Ognenoff/Flickr

question: Summarize the emotional core of the mistakes a husband can make.

answer: The author defines "female affection" as any thought, word, or action from a woman that feels kind, warm, loving, supportive, honoring, approving, accepting, respectful, cuddly, sweet, or sexy. If a husband is disingenuous, or tries to fake affection, the woman will not risk giving him affection. Intellectual warfare and interrogation are also big mistakes. The former is a tool of a smart guy when the chips are down, which is one of the reasons why it is seen as a mistake. Interrogation is a question that is asked of a woman when the husband is feeling insecure and needs affection and reassurance.

critique: The answer should mention that the article is about affection in marriage.

critique: The question is not asking for a summary of the mistakes. It is asking for the emotional core of the mistakes.

critique: Went way over the strict definition of affection in the article in attempting to answer this question.

critique: The answer should mention that the author believes that women have better bullshit detectors.

critique: The answer should mention that the author also wrote about the mistake of asking for what you really want.

critique: The answer should mention that the author believes that the husband should be strong and avoid making mistakes.

critique: The answer should mention that the author says that the woman has a better bullshit detector than the husband.

question: What does the article say about falling in love?

answer: No answer

critique: The article does not mention falling in love.


text:
_TAP THE RED CANE WHIRLWIND_ is an album by American blues singer and guitarist Kelly Joe Phelps. It reached number 11 on the _Billboard_ Top Blues Albums.

History

_Tap the Red Cane Whirlwind_ is a collection of solo live performances from engagements at McCabe's, Santa Monica, California and Freight and Salvage, Berkeley, California in 2004.

In an interview regarding his first live release, Phelps said, “My passion lies in performing live, in the sense of 'no net' string grabbing and 'lord knows what' singing and flying by my seat and watching the songs come alive (hopefully) in a way that I could have never predicted beforehand. I've wanted to have a recorded representation of that for some time...”[1]

Reception

Music critic Thom Jurek praised the release in his Allmusic review, writing “Phelps is a dynamite guitarist who adds, subtracts, and morphs figures onto the original fingerstyle lines, and uses his voice to offer evidence of the timelessness of the lyric. And as moving and virtuosic as these two performances are, it's his own songs that offer the true prize of this collection... if there is one recording that captures the sum of the magic, power, and poetry that is Kelly Joe Phelps, this one's it.”[2] Fred Kraus of Minor 7th wrote: “His slices-of-life verses provide character insight without being self-confessional, and just enough detail to be recognizable without being self-focused. His observations are such that they open up our world rather than reduce it. Phelps definitely has it going on.”[3]

David Greenberger of _No Depression_ praised the album with reservations, writing “After exploring the studio possibilities with a shifting but sympathetic group of players, Phelps turns, on this record, to a form that has been his mainstay: live, solo performance... His music is so tied to a sound that the songs can roll into one another, as well as disappear into themselves. Granted, some of those issues can be chalked up to creative subtleties, but there are times when you just want him to change registers and head into the truly unknown. That said, Phelps is a riveting performer, integrating his singing into his playing with results that exude fully committed emotional character... Phelps’ singing goes down so smooth I just want him to even let out a cough to rough up the flow at some point.”[4]

PopMatters critic Robert R. Calder is equally equivocal, giving the album 5 of 10 stars: “He seems hardly to have combined verbal inspiration into any very conventional sort of song.... In some respects Phelps lets himself off easy. The lack of straight sequential meanings simply spreads words and phrases across the virtuoso guitar music... The result is probably good in parts, but I wonder how the real oddness of some lyrics might disquiet listeners after a little longer than a critic can allow himself/herself to relisten to a review copy before writing. There's a cause of disquiet at odds with the gentle and often beautiful music. I'll declare no conclusion but advise potential listeners that they might find something incoherent and unlikeable. It's worth suggesting that while there's impressive evidence here that Kelly Joe Phelps is an exceptionally talented musician, guitarist, and performer, he has perhaps not distinguished himself in words.”[5]

Track listing

All songs by Kelly Joe Phelps unless otherwise noted.

1.  “Hard Time Killing Floor Blues” (Skip James) – 9:46
2.  “Not So Far to Go” – 7:35
3.  “Jericho” – 8:46
4.  “Fleashine” – 6.44
5.  “Cardboard Box of Batteries” – 6:29
6.  “Gold Tooth” – 8:56
7.  “Tommy” – 6:47
8.  “I Am the Light of the World” (Reverend Gary Davis) – 6:28
9.  “Waiting for Marty” – 6:26

Personnel

-   Kelly Joe Phelps - vocals, guitar

PRODUCTION:

-   Engineered and mixed by Shawn Pierce
-   Mastered by Greg Calbi
-   Photography by Michael “Mick” Wilson
-   Design by Gwen Terpstra

[1] Six String Soul interview. January 2005. Retrieved June 24, 2010.

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

title: Tap the Red Cane Whirlwind

question: What is the history of Tap the Red Cane Whirlwind?

answer: The album is a collection of solo live performances from engagements at McCabe's in Santa Monica and Freight and Salvage in Berkeley in 2004. The performances are from an interview regarding his first live release, Phelps said, "My passion lies in performing live".

critique: The response is missing the part about the album being released in 2004.

critique: Stating that the passion lie in the "sense of no net string grabbing and lord knows what singing and flying by my seat" is not relevant to this question.

critique: The performances aren't from the interview.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

question: Describe the reception of the album.

answer: The album received mostly positive reviews, although not all of them were as supportive.

critique: The answer should mention some of the critics.

critique: Though a net positive, prominent blah blah blah passage serves to support this.

critique: The answer should mention the critics who were less supportive.

critique: The answer should mention the critics who were more equivocal.

critique: The answer omits that the album received a 5 of 10 stars rating from PopMatters.

critique: It's omitted that the critics thought Phelps is a virtuoso guitarist and a riveting performer, but they wonder how the real oddness of some lyrics might disquiet listeners.


text:
    It's hard to believe that there was ever a time when my life had been empty. Ever since birth my wall has been filling up and I've been followed by tons of people. I'm 16 now, and I live like everyone else. I go to school with all the others. We learn grammar and spelling, but really they might as well teach us another language because these things do not matter. Who says "you" or "I have to go." Stupid teachers, they just don't understand.
   Life is simple. It's basically a game. You fit in and develop a certain part of yourself to appeal to others. The more appealing, the more followers. And followers is equal to popularity. Susie "CrayCray" Johnson has a pack of people following her all the time. She's practically a god. She talks to them all the time, she practically does nothing else. "You won't believe what this boy did today!" and "OMG you just have to try this." I honestly don't believe she's ever talked to a boy or tried anything. I myself have a decent following, but I can never find the time to talk to them, nor do I try to. They are mostly consisted of my friends and then the occasional random person. But it's ok, I'm never alone. They're always just a few steps behind me wherever I go.
   With the Followed there is also the Unfollowed. Johnny McGuire is one of these unpopular scums of society. He's a poker, hence he has no followers. He doesn't even attempt to have followers. He just sits in place, poking at each passerby. He gets the occasional poke back and has a few friends. Other than that he kinda just...is. He's just there looking around. What a weirdo.
   School. A bombardment of educational videos. I swear half the stuff they are telling us isn't even true. There was a time when there were no followers? Pssh yeah right. These people probably think we're stupid. They try to tell us "You're spelling it wrong" or "That doesn't even make sense." I think they are wrong. Why should we make things harder on ourselves. Life is supposed to be easy right?
   Everyday I come home, walk into my room, hang a quick left and check my wall for the scribbles and chicken scratch of the day. Friends, strangers, aquaintences, well really they're all my friends, have all left messages for me. I sort through it finding the blaring red ads and viruses and erasing those. Can't have those in my timeline, don't want an impure record of my life. I also have to keep my wall clean for the stalkers. These mega-users are looked up to throughout the world. They have millions of friends and it's their job to sort through everyone's walls, feeds, and photos. It's truly an honor to be a stalker. And yet, they are not the highest ranking citizens in the world. Above them are the likers. These elite beings act as moderators and judges for our lives. The take into account all the different aspects of life, and whenever they feel someone deserves it, they award them a like. I myself have racked up about 600 likes so far in my life. Nowhere near Susie but got about 601 more than Johnny.
   I guess I should be honest though. I make about three new friends a day and add a follower every two days or so. I'm decent, but not amazing. People laugh at me. They think I'm not cool. Apparently I don't live deep enough. I don't talk to my followers enough. I don't update my friends on what I'm doing or update my timeline enough. I don't post pictures up on the public feed enough. They consider me a "skimmer." I scratch the surface. I don't delve deeply into the inner workings of life enough. I try, but I can't. I'd rather talk to myself than my followers. I guess I'm just weird.
   I go to sleep, wake up, school. Go to sleep, wake up, school. Go to sleep, wake up, school. It's life. What else is there. I'm happy, aren't I?
    I wake up one morning. I'm sitting in my room, is it mine? I see no writing on my wall, no pictures or words or any such thing on my feed. I had no followers. But I feel something different. Life has changed. I walk, and I feel different. I open my door and step through. A bombardment of senses hits me and I feel like I never have before. I SMELL then scents in the air, so intricate and airy . I HEAR the noises, a bird, a stream, the wind. I TASTE the sweet taste of springtime it seems for the first time. I FEEL the sun beating down on my skin and the grass underneath my feet as I tread towards a group of people. I SEE things. I've seen pictures posted on walls, but this, this was the most vivid picture I have ever witnessed. I thought I knew. I thought I knew what living was, but this, this is different. I have no followers, no friends, nobody. I am not alone though. Before, I was alone. I was connected to people, but I didn't KNOW them. In fact, I didn't know anything. I approach the group of people. They turn, they look, and I can see in their eyes that they have SEEN for longer than I. A man steps out, spreads his arms wide and speaks, "Welcome to life." And I'll never go back.

title: Anti-Social Networking

question: Why are the students against the system of teaching done in schools?

answer: They think the teachers are telling lies, that would always be repeated in interviews and job settings.

critique: The narrator is not a student, but the narrator's thoughts indicate that the school system should be more in-depth.

critique: This is not the reason the students are against the system of teaching done in schools.

critique: There is no evidence that the students think the teachers are telling lies.

critique: The passage doesn't say anything about the students thinking the teachers are lying.

critique: The students are not against the system of teaching. They are against the teachers.

critique: There is no evidence to suggest this. 'They think the teachers are telling lies' is an assumption.

critique: The students are against the system of teaching because they think it's stupid. The teachers are not the ones who are lying.

critique: The students are against the system of teaching in school, not the teachers.

critique: The students seem to think they're stupid

critique: The students are against the system of teaching because they think it is unnecessary.

critique: The teachers don't seem to be the problem.

critique: The students are not against the system of teaching done in schools. They are against the teachers.

critique: The formatting of the response needs to be converted so that it is written as an answer to the question.

critique: The students are not against the system of teaching done in schools.

question: What caused the writing on the narrator's wall to disappear?

answer: The writing disappeared because the narrator assumed life was a game.

critique: The narrator was welcomed to life, implying that there was a discontinuation of the game.

critique: The narrator's wall disappeared because they woke up one morning and did not see any writing on their wall. They also did not have any followers.

critique: This is not the reason why the narrator's wall disappeared.

critique: He was welcomed to life, which means that the writing disappeared because he was no longer alone.

critique: The narrator stops seeing the internet as a game. "I wake up one morning. I'm sitting in my room, is it mine? I see no writing on my wall, no pictures or words or any such thing on my feed. I had no followers. But I feel something different,"

critique: The narrator's wall disappeared because they woke up one day and had no followers.

critique: "I'm happy, aren't I?" - the narrator was happy not because he was assuming life was a game, but because he was able to experience life for the first time.

critique: The narrator is always described as being a part of a virtual world. Nothing suggests that he left it.

critique: The narrator's wall disappeared because they had no followers.

critique: The narrator didn't assume life was a game. He just lived life as he was taught.

critique: This isn't stated explicitly, and while it could be inferred, it's not what I thought of as the cause at the end.


text:
ERODE VENKATTA NAICKER KRISHNASAMY SAMPATH( - 23 February 1977), usually referred to as _E. V. K. Sampath_ was a prominent politician from Tamil Nadu, India. He was an advocate of the Dravidian Movement of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy and was considered by some as his political heir.[1] He later split from Periyar's Dravidar Kazhagam to form Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) along with C. N. Annadurai.[2] In spite of being one of the founders of DMK[3] he later left and formed his own party, by the name, Tamil National party. Nevertheless, he later merged his party with the Indian National Congress.[4] He is a former Member of Parliament from the constituency of Namakkal[5]

He belonged to a politically active family. He was nephew of Periyar and his father was an active politician himself. He is also the father of other prominent politicians of Tamil Nadu, namely, E. V. K. S. Elangovan and Iniyan Sampath and his wife Sulochana Sampath too was in active politics, holding high ranks within the Tamil Nadu government.[6]

Family

Sampath was born in the town of Erode, Madras Presidency as the son of E. V. Krishnasamy, the elder brother of Periyar E. V. Ramasamy in 1926. His family belongs to Balija naidu/naicker social group. Krishnasamy had extended extensive support to Periyar in his struggle for self-respect and social justice, and was one of the publishers of the journal Kudiarasu (Republic), the party organ for Justice party.[7]

In the year 1946 Sampath married Sulochana the daughter of Thirupathur G. Samy Naidu who was one of the pillars of the Justice party. Much later in life Sulochana Sampath held various high positions in the Tamil Nadu State Government including member of social welfare board, syndicate member of Annamalai University, Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board, Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation, Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Text Book Society and Chairperson of Tamil Nadu Small Scale Industries Development Corporation. Sulochana was the organisation secretary of All India All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) and an AIADMK veteran for several years.[8] She died in June 2015, aged 86.[9][10]

Entry into politics

He was attracted to Periyar's self-respect movement since early days of his life.[11] The movement aimed at achieving a society where backward castes have equal human rights,[12] and encouraging backward castes to have self-respect in the context of a caste based society that considered them to be a lower end of the hierarchy.[13] As a student of the Intermediate Course in Pachaiyappa's College in Chennai, he participated in the programmes and agitations of DK. In the year 1944 he was declared as the Commander-in-chief of the _Black Shirt Brigade_ of Periyar's movement.[14]

In DMK

In 1949, he along with Annadurai split from the DK and formed their own party DMK.[15] The breakaway is attributed to the marriage of Periyar to a lady much younger.[16] The DMK picked up the Tamil Nationalistic ideologies from its parent organisation but upheld the principles of democratic party organisation.[17] In the inaugural function they had kept one empty chair on the head of the dais for Periyar, saying that he was their permanent leader.[18] However, faced with the reality of an independent India setting in motion the democratic process under a new Constitution, DMK preferred to keep the separatist issue on the backburner.[19]

Breakaway from DMK

In 1961 along with Tamil poet Kannadasan and Pazha Nedumaran he found a new party Tamil National Party.[20] The break away is variably attributed to be caused by personal difference that arose because of ascendency of M. Karunanidhi in the party [21] and also to the differences in DMK's call for independent nation of Dravida Nadu.[22] Sampath’s ideologies varied from those of Annadurai. The latter preferred constitutional means in pursuing a Tamil state and was keen on contesting in elections for the same. Sampath found Annadurai too moderate and pressed for more radical policies, direct actions and militant methods. Moreover, Annadurai was politically inclined towards Rajagopalachari’s Swatantra Party, whereas Sampath was keen to ally with the Communist Party of India. [23] Later one more founder members of DMK, actor Sivaji Ganesan[24] would move to Sampath's TNP,[25] after his feud with the DMK leadership and calling it a _glamour party_.[26]

Merger into Congress

In 1964 Sampath, with invitation from Kamaraj merged his party with the Congress. Sampath later started Congress journals namely _Tamil Cheithi, Jayaberigai (Dailies) and Alaigal_ (Weekly), but incurred heavy financial losses. To ensure the victory of the Congress Parliament candidates in Tamil Nadu, Indira Gandhi entrusted the entire election responsibility in the hands of Sampath in the year 1977. Sampath was made secretary of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee and later appointed as the Vice-President of the TNCC. It was Sampath who translated the speeches made by Indira Gandhi into Tamil. Sampath donated his property, 'Jawahar Illam', at Erode, to be used as the Erode District Congress Committee headquarters. Till date the headquarters functions there. Sampath died on 23 February 1977.[27] A road in Vepery, Chennai and a government building complex in College Road, Chennai are named after him.[28][29]

[1]

[2] The DMK and the Politics of Tamil Nationalism - Robert Hardgrave

[3]

[4] Family background - Iniyan Sampath

[5] Members of second Lok Sabha.

[6]

[7]

[8] http://www.eenaduindia.com/states/south/tamil-nadu/chennai-city/2016/12/25194122/EVKS-Elangovans-brother-floats-new-party-named-after.vpf

[9] http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/tamil-nadu/veteran-aiadmk-leader-sulochana-sampath-passes-away/article7289217.ece

[10] http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/Veteran-AIADMK-leader-Sulochana-Sampath-dead/articleshow/47570798.cms

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16] Periyar's movement - Counter currents

[17]

[18] Selective atheism of Karunanidhi - Organiser

[19] A history of agitational politics - Frontline

[20]

[21] Quo Vadis Karunanidhi? - Illankai Tamil Sangam

[22]

[23] .

[24]

[25] Sivaji Ganesan - Memorable

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

title: E. V. K. Sampath

question: According to the passage, what is E.V.K. Sampath's core political ideology?

answer: He was an advocate of the Dravidian Movement of Periyar E.V. Ramasamy.

critique: The answer should mention that Sampath was a nationalist.

text: There is more information available in the passage than what is listed in the response.