text:
The light turned red. I slammed on the brakes, and was in turn slammed into my seatbelt as my BMW M3 slowed. my bumper stopped only inches short of the crosswalk, and a group of half-stoned teenagers cursed at me as they jumped back. I waved impatiently and revved my engine. The straight-six roared, like a savage creature under the hood was waiting to be unleashed. As soon as the light switched, I popped the clutch and the roadster shot forward. Five seconds later, I was roaring down the country road at sixty miles an hour. Loud as the engine was, however, it was drowned out by the screaming in my head. Because, truth be told, I was running away. Away from my home and my wife and everything I knew, with nothing in the trunk but a tire iron and a suitcase with clothes for three days. The last words she had spoken to me as I threw jeans and shirts into my bag rang in my head. “Bastard!” She had called me as I ran out the door, a glass of whiskey nearly missing my skull. “Shithead!” “Asshole!”  She said, over and over again in my head. Much as I tried to dredge up a memory, any memory of her that didn’t involve having profanity and heavy things thrown my way, I just couldn’t. So I ran. I ran to the driveway and my M3, throwing my suitcase in the back, banging my head on the opened trunk. I jumped in and turned on the engine and drove away and... Holy shit!

The deer seemed to take flight, nearly missing the hood of my car as it ran into the woods. I shook my head and tried to concentrate on the road. By now, I realized, I was far into the mountains, farther than I had ever been. I had missed the turnoff which led to the interstate, and was heading deeper into the Arkansas highlands. The road was smoother now, but there was fog creeping onto the sides. I kept my high beams on to watch for deer, and opened my windows. The engine screamed through the straight pipes and, spurred on by the sound, I upshifted into fourth and took off, my tires rumbling and squealing over the asphalt. The road widened to four lanes, and just in time, because just as I came around a blind corner, there appeared an old Ford truck. As I came up behind it, I could hear its old engine straining to get up the hill. I flashed my signal and passed the old wreck and crested the hill. As I did, a set of headlamps flashed in my rearview. I flinched  as the lights disappeared behind me, only to flash again as the car they were attached to crested the hill a few hundred yards behind me. I looked over my shoulder to identify the car, but its lights suddenly turned off. Then I saw the Ford roll over the hill. Or, more accurately, what was left of the Ford. It was skidding on raw rims, its tires shredded and sparks flying in a grotesque fireworks display. The man behind the wheel had been blown away with a 12-gauge, and his blood obscured the windshield. The old truck flipped once as it slid off the road, landing in a thicket and catching fire as its gas tank ruptured. Over the cacophony of the crash, I heard the throaty growl of a big V8 through straight pipes. Even louder, though, was a banshee-like scream. Both were growing louder, and I decided to make my getaway. I planted my foot on the gas, and accelerated away. Even as my M3 put down its 333 horses, I could hear the other car coming on fast. I hit the brakes as I rounded a turn, and the shrieking only grew louder. As I came out of the turn, I got my first look at my pursuer. The car was a jet-black 1967 Camaro SS, its sliver racing stripes shining in the light of the full moon. The headlights abruptly came back on, and I could see skull-shaped cutouts over the lamps, throwing eerie white silhouettes on the road behind me. I cursed and dropped down a gear, my engine screaming as the car jumped forward. The Camaro shrieked as it accelerated. It had a monstrous hood scoop, and a silver glow emanated from inside. The muscle car swerved left, and came alongside me. I gunned my engine again, and pulled ahead. Then, and God help me for doing it, I saw the driver.

His head was smoky grey skeletal, with white fire blazing in his empty eye sockets. He wore a matte black firesuit, a skull-and-crossbones insignia adorning the shoulder. I looked, horrified, into the face of Death, and my vision tunneled. In a split second, I saw my family and friends standing by my graveside, growing older and dying before falling into the open pit. I blinked, but a vision of my wife appeared. She held a flaming stick, and cursed me as she swung it at my head. I screwed my eyes shut once again, and the shrieks of my dead friends were replaced with the banshee-scream of the supercharged car beside me. The death’s-headed driver looked at me and smiled, his moon-bleached teeth as bright as welding torches. He raised a black sawn-off shotgun, and I turned away, shifting into high gear and accelerating away. The Camaro was hot on my heels, but I could hear the wailing of his supercharger recede as I powered down the straightaway. His V8 roar mixed with the hair-raising sound of his supercharger,  but my car was faster through the corners, and I took full advantage. I could see Death, his evil, hollow face twisted into an angry grimace as he slammed on the gas. I hit the next corner hard, drifting around the hairpin as my rear tires spun and cried out in protest. I could hear myself cursing and screaming in abject terror as my tail end almost hit the guardrail, but I managed to recover and my tires miraculously regained traction. My straight-six belted out its gravelly song and, emboldened, I mashed the clutch and upshifted just as Death’s Camaro cleared the turn. He let his V8 do its work, putting down what had to be 500 horsepower, but I had the advantage this time. Looking down the road, I saw another hairpin corner leading into a long, winding descent. I stood on the brake and put the clutch in, sliding smoothly through the turn, and let the clutch out as I opened the throttle. My M3 screamed down the mountainside, leaving Death in the dust. I didn’t slow down for ten minutes, when the lights of my small town appeared around a shallow turn. I looked behind me and saw the black Camaro, stopped about a mile back, smoke coming out of its hood scoop. Death stood regally in the moonlight, his arm up in a terrifying salute. I turned the corner and, when I next looked back, the car and its driver had disappeared.

I arrived back at my small house, and pulled the M3 into the driveway. I climbed out, a grin on my face. After all, I had just faced down Death and won. How bad could a whiskey-throwing woman be?

title: The High Drive

question: Summarize the emotions the narrator goes through during this drive, and how they motivate the narrator's course of action.

answer: The narrator rushes through his packing as his wife curses at him in frustration. He leaves her standing on the porch, much as he has been standing for years as she destroyed his life. The narrator is running from his action, from the alcohol he drank to numb away the pain of being ignored by his wife. He keeps thinking about how she called him every name in the book, throwing any heavy thing that came to hand at him. He gets a call from her, confirming that yes she is still angry, but he carries on driving. He keeps pushing himself, getting drunker and drunker accusing himself of being an idiot, cursing and calling himself names, but at the same time racing to be able to erase the memory of her. When death's specter finally finds the narrator, the drive becomes a showdown. Will the narrator survive his wife, or will he run out of luck sooner or later? Death's decision.

critique: The narrator is not racing to erase the memory of his wife. He wants to get away from her, and he uses the drive to escape her.

critique: The narrator's decision to run away is not motivated by alcohol.

critique: The narrator is not racing to be able to erase the memory of his wife.

critique: The response presents the narrator's thoughts incorrectly, and is highly inaccurate.

critique: The narrator is not drunk; he's just had a few drinks.

critique: The narrator doesn't accuse himself of being an idiot, cursing and calling himself names. The first part of the answer could be improved by rewriting it to more accurately reflect the story.

critique: The narrator doesn't keep thinking about how his wife called him every name in the book.

critique: "The double entendre of there being two drivers in the narrative...is clearly unintentional" reads like gibberish.

critique: The narrator does not get a call from his wife.

critique: The narrator is not running from his action, from the alcohol he drank to numb away the pain of being ignored by his wife.

critique: The narrator is not running away from his wife.

critique: The narrator is not drunk, he has been drinking.

critique: This response does not answer the question and is not relevant.

question: What kind of a person does the author's inner monologue reveal them to be?

answer: The author quickly gets acclimated to the environment, and adapts it to his needs in order to escape. He is also plagued with a desire to win against something, which seems to be his only purpose.

critique: "The author quickly gets acclimated to the environment, and adapts it to his needs in order to escape. He is also plagued with a desire to win against something, which seems to be his only purpose." - this is incorrect and unrelated. It is added to give more idea of the guy's character, but at the moment, there isn't much details to note other than he seems normal (I mean by normal, that he's already a pain in the ass). Needs editing.

critique: The narrator does not particularly have a have a desire to win against something; he just wants to win against Death.

critique: The answer is not related to the question.

critique: The author's inner monologue is not the only thing that reveals his character.

critique: The author's inner monologue reveals no indication of him being obsessed with winning at all costs.

critique: The last sentence is inaccurate and would be better replaced with a more accurate interpretation of his motivations.

critique: The response misses to mention the fact that the author seems to be a coward.

critique: The answer does not mention anything about the author's personality

critique: The response is almost entirely inaccurate and unrelated.

critique: The answer makes it sound like the author is a big winner.

critique: The author doesn't change the environment to his needs, he just drives through it.

critique: The response does not answer the topic correctly

critique: The answer is not relevant to the question.

question: Describe how the narrator cheats death.

answer: He cannot cheat death and it's inevitable, but he managed to survive whatever the apparitions were.

critique: The narrator does not cheat death. He just manages to escape the Camaro.

critique: He managed to avoid Death and his car by speeding off in his car, and he got away.

critique: The narrator does not cheat death, he outruns it.

critique: The narrator doesn't cheat death. He just manages to escape it.

critique: The narrator had a car accident that he was sure he was going to die in.

critique: Missing some finer details about how the narrator cheated death.

critique: "He cannot cheat death and it's inevitable, but he managed to survive whatever the apparitions were." - is incorrect. The narrator does not cheat death. He only manages to escape the Camaro when it almost catches up with him.

critique: The narrator does not cheat death, he is just lucky.

critique: The narrator does not cheat death, he just manages to escape Death.

critique: I don't think the narrator thinks he cheated death. He feels like he has by evading Death's car.

critique: This is not really a cheat as it was not an intentional move

critique: The narrator is not cheating death, only Death is.

critique: This response is representative of the narrator's realization that he's cheating death before Death abandons the chase. The text states that "Death followed me down the hill, and stood regally as smoke came out of his hood scoop. Then, as I pulled ahead by a car-length, he disappeared and his black Camaro shrunk to a speck on the horizon and then vanished."

question: Summarize the domestic dispute that led to this scenario.

answer: The wife of the perpetrator is angry that her partner is running away. She calls him names like a bastard and an asshole.

critique: The model's partner is called a bastard and an asshole.

critique: The answer should mention that the man is running away from her and her curses.

critique: The answer misses to mention that the woman throws heavy things at the husband.

critique: The passage does not say that he is running away.

critique: This response is missing the last part of the story where the protagonist is chased by death.

critique: It is omitted that she also throws things at him.

critique: The woman is the protagonist's wife, not the answer

critique: The model doesn't mention that the woman is throwing heavy things at the man.

critique: The response misses to mention that the protagonist's wife was throwing things at him.

critique: "The wife of the perpetrator" - the woman is the protagonist's wife, not the perpetrator.

critique: The response misses to mention that the wife is angry that the protagonist is running away.


split: train

text:
SIR WILLIAM ARROL & CO. was a leading Scottish civil engineering and construction business founded by William Arrol and based in Glasgow. It built some of the most famous bridges in the United Kingdom including the second Tay Bridge, the Forth Bridge and Tower Bridge in London.

Early history

The Company was founded by William Arrol, born in Houston, Renfrewshire in 1839, the fourth child of Thomas Arrol, a cotton spinner. He started work at the age of nine in a cotton mill, having passed himself off as thirteen. In 1850, the family moved to Paisley and William found work at Coats’s Cotton Thread Manufacturing making bobbins. At the age of fourteen he was apprenticed to a blacksmith at Paisley, supplementing his practical education with night school classes and the purchase of books on engineering.[1]

At end of his apprenticeship William Arrol worked as a journeyman blacksmith with mixed success. Work was not easy to find and in 1858, now aged nineteen, he took a job at Ker’s factory at Paisley. Eventually he was engaged as a foreman at Laidlaw’s Engineering Works in Glasgow. Here he was entrusted with his first bridges: the Greenock and Ayrshire Railway at Greenock in 1885 and the West Pier at Brighton 1866. After two years, Arrol had saved enough money to set up with a friend as boiler and girder makers. However, they incurred heavy losses through non-payment by customers and the partnership was dissolved. On his own again with his small works in Glasgow, in 1871 he was given the construction of railway bridges on the Balerno line in Edinburgh.[2]

In 1872, now in his early thirties, Arrol left his old works and moved to Dalmarnock in south Glasgow. His first important contract was for a bridge over the Clyde at Bothwell for the North British Railway. This bridge, which was 120 feet above the water, was notable for Arrol’s introduction of the idea of building the girders on land and rolling them out pier to pier. In 1875 he built the first of the two great bridges for the Caledonian Railway over the Clyde. Faced by a strike by the riveters he invented a hydraulic riveting machine, later to enjoy widespread use in the shipbuilding industry. [3]

The Great Bridges

December 1879 saw the great Tay Bridge disaster where the railway bridge collapsed under the lateral pressure of high winds, barely a year after it had opened. William Arrol was awarded the contract for the new bridge. Construction of the new Tay Bridge was started in 1882 and it opened in 1887. Almost simultaneously, William Arrol was also working on the Forth Bridge. Construction began in 1882 and when it was opened in1890 it had the longest single cantilever bridge span in the world. William Arrol’s commitment to these two bridges was rewarded with a knighthood: Sir William Arrol & Company Ltd was incorporated in June 1893.[4] The completion of the two Scottish bridges gave Sir William Arrol an international reputation and in the succeeding years bridges were built around Great Britain, Europe and as far as Australia. Perhaps the best known was London’s Tower Bridge opened in 1894, where Sir William Arrol erected all the steel work.[5]

Diversification

The development of Dalmarnock Works to cope with Arrol’s increased business involved the construction of new buildings with large spans and roofs of steel and glass which let in light throughout the building. Their size allowed the installation of large overhead cranes with up to 100 tons lifting capacity. This became an activity in its own right as similar buildings were constructed for other companies.[6] Also arising out of Dalmarnock Works and bridgebuilding were cranes. particularly for shipbuilding; they had a loading capacity ranging from five to 150 tons. The most famous crane. the largest of its time, is the Titan Crane completed in 1907; a gigantic cantilever crane of 150-ton capacity. for John Brown & Company.[7] With this increased range of activity, the Dalmarnock Works occupied 17 acres and employed 2000 men plus thousands more working on outside contracts. Sir William died in 1913 but the Company continued as an independent entity until 1969.[8]

Notable projects

[View of the cantilever construction of the Forth Bridge] [The Forth Bridge built by Sir William Arrol & Co.|alt=Colour photograph of the Forth Bridge. ]

Bridges

Bridges built by the company include:

-   Caledonian Railway Bridge across the River Clyde completed in 1878
-   Tay Rail Bridge completed in 1887
-   Forth Bridge completed in 1890
-   Tower Bridge in London completed in 1894
-   North Bridge in Edinburgh completed in 1897
-   Redheugh Bridge in Newcastle upon Tyne completed in 1901
-   Connel Bridge completed in 1903
-   Nile Bridge at Cairo completed in 1908
-   Tees Transporter Bridge completed in 1911
-   Warrington Transporter Bridge completed in 1916
-   Keadby Bridge completed in 1916
-   Southwark Bridge in London completed in 1921
-   White Cart Bridge completed in 1923
-   Jubilee Bridge (Walney) completed in 1908
-   Jubilee Bridge (Queensferry) completed in 1927
-   Corporation Bridge in Grimsby completed in 1928
-   Wearmouth Bridge completed in 1929

[A closeup of the central section of the second Tay Bridge|alt=Colour photograph of the central section of the second Tay Bridge]

-   Tsoelike Suspension Bridge in Lesotho completed in 1930
-   Forth Road Bridge completed in 1964
-   Deptford Railroad Bridge completed in 1964
-   Severn Bridge completed in 1966
-   The second Craigellachie Bridge completed in 1970
-   The Humber Bridge completed in 1981

Cranes

-   Titan Clydebank, completed in 1907
-   Titan Crane, Fairfield, completed in 1911
-   250-ton crane, HMNB Portsmouth, dated 1912, demolished 1984[9]
-   Titan Crane, James Watt Dock Crane, completed in 1917
-   Titan Crane, Barclay Curle, completed in 1920
-   Blocksetter Travelling Titan (South African Harbours and Railways); for use at Durban, completed prior to 1932[10]
-   Blocksetter Travelling Hercules (South African Harbours and Railways); for use at Table Bay, completed prior to 1932[11]
-   Blocksetter Travelling Hercules; for use at Ceuta, completed prior to 1932[12]

Titanic

[Workers leaving the Harland & Wolff shipyard in early 1911. The RMS _Titanic_ can be seen in the background, underneath the Arrol Gantry.] The company was contracted by Harland and Wolff Shipyard, Belfast, to construct a large gantry (known as the Arrol Gantry) for the construction of three new super-liners, one of which was called the RMS _Titanic_. Like the ships themselves, the gantry crane was one of the largest built at the time, comparing with transporter bridges in length, height and capability.[13]

Hikitia

[Hikitia at the Taranaki St wharf in Wellington] The company also built the crane for the Hikitia in 1926, which is thought to be the last fully operational self-propelled steam crane in the world.

Demise of the business

The company was acquired by Clarke Chapman in 1969 and the Dalmarnock Works were closed in 1986.[14]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9] 20th Century Naval Dockyards, Devonport and Portsmouth Characterisation Report, Naval Dockyards Society, 2015

[10] Arrol Catalogue ca. 1932

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14] NZR Cranes

title: Sir William Arrol & Co.

question: Summarize William Arrol's life before his thirties.

answer: William Arrol was born in 1839. He started work at the age of nine in a cotton mill. He worked in a cotton thread manufacturing making bobbins. He was apprenticed to a blacksmith at the age of fourteen. He worked as a journeyman blacksmith. He worked as a foreman at Laidlaw's Engineering Works.

critique: The answer omits the fact that Arrol worked as a boiler and girder maker.

critique: Went over the 2-line summary requirement

critique: The answer should mention his education.

critique: It's omitted that Arrol's first important contract was for a bridge over the Clyde at Bothwell for the North British Railway.

critique: The answer omits the fact that Arrol was given the construction of railway bridges on the Balerno line in Edinburgh.

critique: The answer omits the time period between his apprenticeship and his work at Laidlaw's Engineering Works.

question: What does the text say about why Dalmarnock Works had to close?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should mention that the company was acquired by Clarke Chapman in 1969 and the Dalmarnock Works were closed in 1986.

critique: The answer should mention the company's demise.

critique: The answer could mention the company's demise.

critique: The answer should mention the demise of the company.


text:
ERICQ PIERRE (born 1945?) is a Haitian economist working for the Inter-American Development Bank. He was unsuccessfully nominated as Prime Minister by President René Préval in 1997 and 2008.[1]

Pierre lives in Washington, DC, where the Inter-American Development Bank is based, and is an advisor for the Bank regarding Haiti.[2] In the midst of a political crisis[3] following the resignation of Prime Minister Rosny Smarth, Pierre was nominated as Prime Minister by President Préval in 1997,[4] but the Chamber of Deputies rejected the nomination on August 26, 1997, with 43 votes against him, nine in favor, and eight abstaining.[5] Pierre's inability to demonstrate that his grandparents were of Haitian nationality by presenting their birth certificates[6] and his support for an economic plan that involved privatization and large-scale lay-offs of state employees contributed to his defeat.[7]

After Prime Minister Jacques-Édouard Alexis was defeated in a vote of no confidence on April 12, 2008, Préval nominated Pierre as Prime Minister for a second time on April 27, 2008.[8] In Les Cayes on May 5, leaders of the riots against high food prices that had occurred in April demanded that a new Prime Minister and government be installed within a week, threatening renewed violence if this did not happen.[9]

The Senate approved Pierre's nomination on May 7, with 17 votes in favor, two abstentions and none opposed. The nomination still had to be approved by the Chamber of Deputies.[10] In an Associated Press interview, Pierre emphasized the need for long-term strategies to deal with the deepening poverty caused by rising food prices.[11]

The Chamber of Deputies rejected Pierre's nomination on May 12;[12] there were 51 votes against him and 35 in favor,[13][14] with nine deputies abstaining.[15] As a result, Préval had to nominate someone else. Opposition deputy Levaillant Louis Jeune said that the deputies “didn't really believe in the plan that he had for the people of this country”.[16][17] Additionally, as in 1997, questions arose about Pierre's nationality documents.[18]

Speaking at the Hotel Montana in Port-au-Prince on May 15, Pierre alleged that corrupt deputies had prevented his nomination from succeeding because he had been unwilling to negotiate with them and satisfy their demands for money, projects, and positions in the government. He was dismissive regarding the nationality issue.[19]

Since March 2016 Pierre is Foreign Minister in the cabinet of Fritz Jean.

[1] “Haitian lawmakers reject president's pick for prime minister”, Associated Press (_International Herald Tribune_), May 13, 2008.

[2] “Haiti names new PM amid food crisis” , AFP, April 27, 2008.

[3] “Haitians nix president's P.M. pick”, _The Star-Ledger_ (nl.newsbank.com), August 27, 1997.

[4] “Haitian Senate ratifies Eric Pierre's PM nomination”, Xinhua, May 9, 2008.

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9] Joseph Guyler Delva, “Haiti riot instigators set deadline to install PM”, Reuters (_International Herald Tribune_), May 6, 2008.

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14] “Haiti MPs reject new PM candidate”, BBC News, May 13, 2008.

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18] “Failed Haiti PM nominee says lawmakers who rejected him were corrupt”, Associated Press (_International Herald Tribune_), May 16, 2008.

[19]

title: Ericq Pierre

question: Why was there a larger resistance to Eriq Pierre's second nomination in 2008?

answer: It is not stated in the article.

critique: The article does state the reason for the larger resistance to Pierre's second nomination in 2008.

critique: The article does state why there was a larger resistance to Eriq Pierre's second nomination in 2008. It's because he was unable to demonstrate that his grandparents were of Haitian nationality by presenting their birth certificates and his support for an economic plan that involved privatization and large-scale lay-offs of state employees contributed to his defeat.

critique: The criticism is specifically stated in the response, 'Additionally, as in 1997, questions arose about Pierre's nationality documents.'

critique: The response is incorrect. The article does state why there was a larger resistance to Eriq Pierre's second nomination in 2008.

critique: The article does state the reason for the larger resistance.

critique: The answer is false. The article mentions that the resistance to Pierre's nomination in 1997 and 2008 was due to his inability to demonstrate that his grandparents were of Haitian nationality by presenting their birth certificates and his support for an economic plan that involved privatization and large-scale lay-offs of state employees.


text:
The IRAQI POPULAR ARMY also known as the PEOPLE'S ARMY or PEOPLE'S MILITIA (Arabic: الجيش الشعبي _Al Jaysh ash Shaabi_) was a paramilitary organization composed of civilian volunteers to protect the Ba'ath regime against internal opposition and serve as a counterbalance against any coup attempt by the regular Iraqi Army.[1]

In 1987, the People's Army, standing at an estimated 650,000, approached the regular armed forces' manpower strength.

History

Officially, it was the Iraqi Baath Party Militia and included a special youth section. Formed in 1970, the People's Army grew rapidly, and by 1977 it was estimated to have 50,000 active members. Subsequently, a phenomenal growth, giving the militia extensive internal security functions, occurred. Whereas its original purpose was to give the Baath Party an active role in every town and village, the People's Army in 1981 began its most ambitious task to date, the support of the regular armed forces.

The official functions of the People's Army were to act as backup to the regular armed forces in times of war and to safeguard revolutionary achievements, to promote mass consciousness, to consolidate national unity, and to bolster the relationship between the people and the army in times of peace. The People's Army dispatched units to Iraqi Kurdistan before 1980 and to Lebanon to fight with Palestinian guerrillas during the 1975–76 Civil War. Foreign observers concluded, however, that the primary function of the People's Army was political in nature; first, to enlist popular support for the Baath Party, and second, to act as a counterweight against any coup attempts by the regular armed forces.

Beginning in 1974, Taha Yassin Ramadan,[2] a close associate of President Saddam Hussein, commanded the People's Army, which was responsible for internal security. The command of such a large military establishment gave Ramadan so much power, however, that some foreign observers speculated that the primary function of his second in command was to keep him from using the People's Army as a personal power base.

People's Army members were recruited from among both women and men (who had completed their regular army service) eighteen years of age and older. It was unclear whether or not Baath Party membership was a prerequisite—especially after 1981 when the numerical strength of the People's Army ballooned—but, clearly, party indoctrination was at least as important as military training. Members usually underwent a two-month annual training period, and they were paid from party funds. Although the extent of their training was unknown in early 1988, all recruits were instructed in the use of a rifle. Graduates were responsible for guarding government buildings and installations, and they were concentrated around sensitive centers in major towns. Militia members possessed some sophisticated arms, and it was possible that disgruntled officers contemplating a challenge to Saddam Hussein could rally the support of a force of such militiamen.

The People's Army was sent into Iraqi Kurdistan before 1980 and even out of the country to such hot spots as Lebanon to fight with Palestinian guerrillas during the 1975–76 Civil War.[3]

It was only dissolved when Taha Yassin Ramadan became Vice President of Iraq in 1991.

Action seen

Al-Faw

The FIRST BATTLE OF AL-FAW, fought on February 11, 1986, was a battle of the Iran–Iraq War. The Iranians launched a surprise attack against the Iraqi troops defending the al-Faw Peninsula. The Iraqi units in charge of the defenses were mostly made up of poorly trained Iraqi Popular Army conscripts that collapsed when they were suddenly attacked by the Iranian Pasdaran (Revolutionary Guard) forces.

[1]

[2]

[3]

title: Popular Army (Iraq)

question: What caused the sharp increase in the numbers of the People's Army after 1981?

answer: It is unclear whether or not Baath Party membership was a prerequisite, but clearly, party indoctrination was at least as important as military training.

critique: The answer does not directly answer the question.

critique: The numbers increased because of the party indoctrination

critique: Not the most logical, clear, or straightforward statement

critique: The answer is not related to the question.

question: What kinds of threats do the People's Party pose to the government?

answer: The People's Army was a paramilitary organization composed of civilian volunteers to protect the Ba'ath regime against internal opposition and serve as a counterbalance against any coup attempt by the regular Iraqi Army. The People's Army was formed in 1970 and by 1977 it was estimated to have 50,000 active members. The People's Army was commanded by Taha Yassin Ramadan, a close associate of President Saddam Hussein. The People's Army was sent into Iraqi Kurdistan before 1980 and even out of the country to such hot spots as Lebanon to fight with Palestinian guerrillas during the 1975–76 Civil War. The People's Army was only dissolved when Taha Yassin Ramadan became Vice President of Iraq in 1991.

critique: The People's Army was dissolved in 1991, not 1991.

critique: The answer is not relevant to the question.

critique: This is not a threat to the government. This is a summary of the People's Army.

critique: The answer is a summary of the article, not an answer to the question.

critique: The article does not answer the question because it does not discuss the group's threats to the government.

critique: The answer is irrelevant to the question.

question: Why was the People's Army dissolved?

answer: The People's Army was dissolved when Taha Yassin Ramadan became Vice President of Iraq in 1991.

critique: The answer is irrelevant to the question.

critique: The question asks for a reason for the dissolution, not a timeline of its dissolution.

critique: The answer is irrelevant. It is not stated why the army was dissolved.

critique: The answer does not mention why the People's Army was dissolved.

critique: The answer is not related to the question.


text:
The 15TH INDIAN DIVISION was an infantry division of the British Indian Army that saw active service in the First World War. It served in the Mesopotamian Campaign on the Euphrates Front throughout its existence. It did not serve in the Second World War,[1] but was reformed at Dehradun in 1964 as part of the post-independence Indian Army

History

[The 2nd Battalion, 6th Gurkha Rifles of 42nd Indian Brigade march towards the Action of Khan Baghdadi] The division was formed on 7 May 1916 to replace the 12th Indian Division on the Euphrates Front. It remained on the Euphrates Front until the end of the war. It took part in the Action of As Sahilan (11 September 1916), the Capture of Ramadi (28 and 29 September 1917), the Occupation of Hīt (9 March 1918) and the Action of Khan Baghdadi (26 and 27 March 1918).[2] The division was not attached to either of the army corps operating in Mesopotamia, the I Corps and III Corps.

The division was commanded from formation on 7 May 1916 by Brigadier-General H.T. Brooking. Brooking was promoted to Major-General on 5 June 1916.[3]

At the end of the war, the division was rapidly run down and it was disbanded in March 1919.[4]

The division was re-raised on 1 October 1964 at Clement Town, Dehradun and assigned to XI Corps (India).[5] In the 1965 war it was under XI Corps, Western Command, and had 20 Locating Regiment under its command. In 1971, it had the 66th Armoured Regiment (India) under command as its integral armoured unit.

The divisional headquarters is now at Amritsar.

Order of battle, First World War

The division commanded the following units, although not all of them served at the same time:[6]

12th Indian Brigade

-   1/5th Battalion, Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment)
-   2nd Battalion, 39th Garhwal Rifles
-   1st Battalion, 43rd Erinpura Infantry
-   90th Punjabis
-   128th Machine Gun Company
-   12th Light Trench Mortar Battery

34th Indian Brigade

    _Joined the division on formation and left for the 17th Indian Division in August 1917_

-   2nd Battalion, Queen's Own (Royal West Kent Regiment)
-   31st Punjabis
-   1st Battalion, 112th Infantry
-   114th Mahrattas
-   129th Machine Gun Company

42nd Indian Brigade

-   1/4th Battalion, Devonshire Regiment
-   1/4th Battalion, Dorsetshire Regiment
-   1st Battalion, 5th Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force)
-   2nd Battalion, 5th Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force)
-   2nd Battalion, 6th Gurkha Rifles
-   130th Machine Gun Company
-   42nd Light Trench Mortar Battery

50th Indian Brigade

    _Joined from the 17th Indian Division in September 1917_

-   1st Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry
-   6th Jat Light Infantry
-   14th King George's Own Ferozepore Sikhs
-   24th Punjabis
-   1st Battalion, 97th Deccan Infantry
-   256th Machine Gun Company
-   50th Light Trench Mortar Battery

Divisional Artillery

-   VII Mountain Brigade, Indian Mountain Artillery (21st Kohat and 26th Jacob's Mountain Batteries)
-   CCXXII Brigade, Royal Field Artillery (375th, 1070th, 1072th, 77th (H) and 429th (H) Batteries)
-   CCXV Brigade, Royal Field Artillery (816th, 1087th, 1088th and 524th (H) Batteries}
-   Volunteer Battery
-   M, N and O Light Trench Mortar Batteries
-   X.15 Medium Trench Mortar Battery
-   15th Divisional Ammunition Column

Engineers and Pioneers

-   4th Field Company, 1st King George's Own Sappers and Miners
-   Malerkotla Sappers and Miners, ISF
-   448th (Northumbrian) Field Company, Royal Engineers
-   450th (Northumbrian) Field Company, Royal Engineers
-   451st (Northumbrian) Field Company, Royal Engineers
-   15th Division Signal Company, Royal Engineers Signal Service
-   48th Pioneers

Divisional troops

-   275th Machine Gun Company
-   3rd, 19th, 23rd, 24th, 34th, 105th and 108th Combined Field Ambulances, RAMC
-   No. 16 (renumbered No. 6) Mobile Veterinary Section, AVC
-   15th Division Train, ASC

Battles and engagements

The division was involved in the following actions:[7]

-   Action of As Sahilan _(11 September 1916)_
-   Capture of Ramadi _(2829 September 1917)_
-   Occupation of Hīt _(9 March 1918)_
-   Action of Khan Baghdadi _(2627 March 1918)_

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5] Richard A. Renaldi and Ravi Rikhye, 'Indian Army Order of Battle,' Orbat.com for Tiger Lily Books: A division of General Data LLC, , 2011, 103-4.

[6]

[7]

title: 15th Infantry Division (India)

question: Where did the 15th Indian division serve?

answer: The 15th Indian division served in the Mesopotamian Campaign on the Euphrates Front throughout its existence.

critique: The answer does not mention the specific location of the Euphrates Front.

critique: The answer omits that the division served in the First World War.

critique: The answer does not specify which specific battles it was actively involved in.

critique: The answer should mention the division's involvement in the First World War.

critique: It is omitted that the division was not attached to either of the army corps operating in Mesopotamia.

critique: The answer should include the division's service during the First World War.

question: What is the history of the division?

answer: Its lineage can be traced back to the British Indian Army. It was formed in 1916, and served in the Mesopotamian campaign throughout the First World War. It was reformed at Dehradun in 1964.

critique: The answer omits the division's participation in the Second World War.

critique: Missing the detail that it served until the end of the war and was disbanded.

critique: The answer omits the division's service in the Second World War.

critique: It is omitted that it did not serve in the Second World War.

critique: The answer should mention its service in the Second World War.


text:
Chap 1.

People would kid Scalabo about how if he walked any slower, then he’d just be standing still. And how Jumpback was the only horse they’d ever seen that could take a nap and still keep walking. He once told Mr. Stubbins, who owned the mercantile, “Oh...I’m in no real hurry I guess. I’ll get there. And besides, my feet don’t hurt as quick when I take it slow.” That seemed to make sense to Mr. Stubbins but Stubbins had to ask, “Why don’t you just ride your horse?”

“What, me get up on Jumpback? The way I see it...if my two feet start to hurt, them I’m sure Jumpback’s four feet gotta hurt too, so he don’t need me sittin’ on his back, while I’m resting my feet”, and that seemed to make sense to Mr. Stubbins too.

 Stubbins disappeared through his store front door and came right back and walked out to Scalabo. “Mind if I give him these?”,  holding out three or four carrots and an apple. “I’ve got more than I can sell and they’ll just go bad, as hot as it’s been."

“Oh no sir I don’t. And I’m sure he’ll like those very much...if you can wake him up”, Scalabo thanked him with a wink. “He likes that wild rye that grows there up about five miles. Good time of year for it. Hasn’t started to seed yet. Yeah...he likes that”.

“And for you sir”, as Mr. Stubbins held out his hand to Scalabo displaying a chunk of chocolate, a plug of tobacco and a small, odd shaped piece of smooth, clear glass. “They sent extra this time and it’s only good fresh.” Stubbins knew Scalabo was not a man after handouts, or a man to be thought of as down on his luck.

“Well thank you Mr. Stubbins. Anything I can do to repay you for all this? And what’s this?” holding up that little piece of glass.

“Oh no sir. Not at all. I wouldn’t think of it. It’s my pleasure.  All I can say is, they say that glass brings good luck.”

“Well sir that would be just fine with me. And it seems to be already working with all the generosity you’ve shown me today. I’ll be going now and we’ll see you our next time through. Not to expect something or anything like that. Just for a visit. Nothing more. And I’ll let you know how my luck’s been going”.

 It’s a pretty easy walk up to where those two were headed. Good solid road and no ruts. It’s just the kind of dirt that’s around here. Even after a three day rain the road's not very muddy. There’s a slight uphill rise about three miles out. It takes off to the northwest and then drops down a bit into a large meadow. Just past the crest of the rise there’s a trail that heads off to the left and goes over to a stream about a half a mile or so over. The trail takes off north again and follows the row of cottonwoods that line the bank of the stream. There’s also some tall grasses, lots of wild flowers and a pretty good stretch of berry bushes. It eventually ends up at a small pond and then curves around towards that rye patch they were headed for, and then meets back up with the main road . This is the route Scalabo always took. Plenty of good water for them both and he’d tell Jumpback that “most the time it’s better to eat dessert first."

Scalabo thought, when he first saw this place years ago, the stream used to be a river and that pond is what’s left of most likely a lake that covered this whole meadow floor. The only trees besides the cottonwoods were way off at the start of some hills where twenty miles after that, started to become mountains. He liked the idea he might be walking on the bottom of an old lake. He liked the idea there was plenty of good stuff for Jumpback to eat. He spent the night there along that stream many times through the years. Sometimes he’d go stay by the pond. He liked the idea it was up to him to keep going or just to sit.

Mr. Stubbins went out a while later to see how far Scalabo and Jumpback had made it on their way to the rye patch. He didn’t know what their plans where after that. Where they’d be off to he could only imagine. He wondered if Scalabo even knew where he was off to. Maybe Scalabo wondered that same thing too.

title: Scalabo and Jumpback

question: What kind of a man is Scalabo?

answer: Scalabo is a man who likes to take his time and walk at a slow pace. He likes to keep his feet from hurting. He is a man who doesn't need anybody's help and doesn't like handouts.

critique: It is not stated that he is a man who doesn't need anybody's help and doesn't like handouts.

critique: The answer should mention that Scalabo is a man with good luck.

critique: The answer should mention that Scalabo is a generous man.

critique: The answer should mention that Scalabo is a man who is generous and kind.

critique: It's omitted that Mr. Stubbins thinks of Scalabo as a man who's not down on his luck.

critique: It is not stated that he doesn't need anybody's help.


text:
JOSEPH HISLOP (5 April 18846 May 1977) was a Scottish lyric tenor who appeared in opera and oratorio and gave concerts around the world. He sang at La Scala, Milan, the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London, and the Opéra-Comique, Paris, as well as forging a remarkable career in Denmark and Sweden, where he was made a Knight of the Dannebrog and a Knight of the Order of Vasa. He toured America, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand on several occasions and made a large number of recordings, some of which are available on CD re-issues. Hislop is notable for having been the final teacher of the Swedish tenor Jussi Björling and for developing a number of fine British singers through his post-War work at the Guildhall School of Music and at Sadler's Wells. After retiring to Fife, he taught the Scottish baritone Donald Maxwell.[1]

Career

Joseph Hislop was born in the city of Edinburgh, at 16 Beaumont (sc. Bowmont) Place, in 1884. He was a pupil and chorister at St Mary's Episcopal Cathedral School, Palmerston Place, Edinburgh, under Dr Thomas Collinson and at the School of Arts (now Heriot-Watt University) where he studied photoprocess engraving. His early employment was in photo-press engraving at Hislop and Day (Edinburgh), then in Glasgow. Subsequently he studied at Bolt Court in London, learning the new three-colour process. Hislop was aware of his vocal ability, but his chances of making a progression into the professional ranks of classical music were dismissed by Dr Collinson. He was sent from Bolt Court to Gothenburg to introduce the latest photoprocess methods to a firm in that Swedish city.[2]

While living in Sweden, he joined a Stockholm male voice choir; but his exceptional voice stood out from the others and he was persuaded to abandon his initial career and train in Stockholm for the operatic stage. He was taught by Dr Gillis Bratt, a medical throat specialist who also sang. Then, uniquely for a non-Swede, he was accepted as a student at the Opera School in Stockholm. He made very rapid progress, and appeared in a performance of Gounod's _Faust_ at the Royal Swedish Opera in 1914.[3] He then went to Milan to further his training, and within a fairly short time he was singing leads in such major Italian opera houses as La Scala, La Fenice, Venice, Teatro di San Carlo, Naples and Teatro Regio, Turin.

Hislop made his London debut at Covent Garden, as Rodolfo in _La bohème_, in 1920. He was a great success, and he went on to receive acclaim for his performances in _Rigoletto_, _La traviata_. He continued singing at Covent Garden until 1928. In 1924, he appeared opposite Dame Nellie Melba. In 1926 he sang _Faust_ opposite Feodor Chaliapin as Mephistopheles.[4] This was a particularly memorable performance,[5] and was immortalised in extensive highlights (13 sides) by one of the early 'live' recording endeavours of the Gramophone Company (HMV).[6] In the 1926 season he sang Handel's _Messiah_ and was greatly admired in it.

He established a successful career in America, and first appeared (again in _Faust_) in Chicago in 1920. He toured in North and South America: he was warmly received in Buenos Aires in Argentina. In addition to his Verdi and Puccini roles, he was also a distinguished Roméo and Des Grieux in _Manon_. He made extended tours in Australia and New Zealand (where his associate artist, with whom he literally came to blows, was the pianist Isador Goodman)[7] and South Africa. Offers from abroad combined with lack of opportunity at home meant that he seems to have made only a handful of main stage performances in his native country.[8]

In Stockholm he received Royal honours, including the Literis et Artibus (1922) and the Order of Vasa in 1929. In Denmark he received the Order of the Dannebrog in 1926. He was appointed Professor of Singing at the Royal Swedish Academy of Music, Stockholm, remaining there until 1948.[9] His students in Sweden included Birgit Nilsson and Per Grundén in Stockholm and Jussi Björling in Gothenburg. He also taught in London at the Guildhall and also supervised singers at Sadler's Wells.[10]

Marriages

Hislop was married twice, first to Karin Asklund and then to Nancie Passmore (daughter of Agnes Fraser and Walter Passmore).[11]

Death

He died at his home, Lundin Links, in Fife, and was cremated at Kirkcaldy. He had lived in Fife for a number of years with his second wife, who survived him.[12]

[1] Michael T R B Turnbull, Joseph Hislop: Gran Tenore (Scolar Press, 1992).

[2] This paragraph sourced from Michael T R B Turnbull, Joseph Hislop: Gran Tenore (Scolar Press, 1992)

[3] 1914, Swedish Wikipedia, and Davidson 1955.

[4] J.Hislop & F.Chaliapin in Ch.Gounod’s opera "Faust” (Live from “Covent Garden” - London, 1928 (in Russian)

[5] G. Davidson, _Opera Biographies_ (Werner Laurie, London 1955), 132-34 at p. 133.

[6] J. Steane and K. Hardwick, 1979, _Royal Opera House Covent Garden, Historic Recordings of Actual Performances_ Album insert, (EMI Records, London 1979), pp 7, 10.

[7] Virginia Goodman, _Isador Goodman: A Life in Music_, 1983, p. 41

[8] Stephen Fraser 1 Retrieved 14 September 2014

[9] Davidson 1955, 134.

[10] H. Rosenthal and J. Warrack (Eds.), _The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera_ (OUP, London 1974 printing).

[11] Joseph Hislop at History of the Tenor. Retrieved 22 October 2009.

[12] Michael T R B Turnbull, Joseph Hislop: Gran Tenore (Scolar Press, 1992)

title: Joseph Hislop

question: What made Hislop such a productive teacher, having taught so many students who later became distinguished in the music career?

answer: It may be implied that Hislop was a very talented teacher who was able to impart his knowledge and skills to his students.

critique: There is no evidence of Hislop being "talented" but finding his students to learn from them

critique: This answer is too vague. The text says that Hislop had a very productive career as a singer and teacher. In particular, he was a final teacher of the Swedish tenor Jussi Björling and developed a number of fine British singers through his post-War work at the Guildhall School of Music and at Sadler's Wells. Include this in the answer.

critique: The question is asking for the reason why Hislop was such a productive teacher. It's not implied that he was a very talented teacher.

critique: It is not implied that Hislop was a very talented teacher.

critique: The answer should mention Hislop's vocal training.


text:
Edit Story

Dec 10, 2015,06:40pm EST|

[Mitch Lawrence]

This article is more than 4 years old.

Voting for the NBA All-Star Game, to be held for the first time ever outside the United States, in Toronto on Feb. 14, 2016, has never been easier.

Just don’t be looking for paper ballots with the players names on them. And don't be looking for Kobe Bryant where you've always found him, among the guards.

Voting for the 65th annual All-Star Game has gone all-digital program for the first time and allows fans to vote directly through Google Search on their desktop, tablet and mobile devices. They can also vote on NBA.com via the NBA App (available on Android and iOS), SMS text, and social media networks including Facebook , Twitter and Instagram, as well as via Sina Weibo and Tencent Microblogs in China.

Fans are allowed to select up to two guards and three frontcourt players from the Eastern and Western Conferences when choosing starters via NBA.com or the NBA App.

It will be interesting to see whether fans vote Bryant, retiring at season’s end, onto the Western All-Stars as part of his farewell tour.

For the first time in his iconic career, Bryant is listed as a frontcourt player. Although he’s having a dismal season, he still is popular as ever. This would be his 18th All-Star Game, but due to injuries he hasn't played in his last two All-Star Game contests, in New York and New Orleans.

Last season, Bryant totaled 1,152,402 votes, the third-highest total on the West behind Stephen Curry and Anthony Davis. If Bryant gets voted in, Blake Griffin could be the odd man out, with Davis and Kevin Durant considered locks to make the team at the front-court position. Griffin then would be able to be selected by the coaches, who pick the reserves.

Voting started Dec. 10 and will conclude on Jan. 18, 2016 at 11:59:59 p.m. ET. Updates will be announced on Dec. 25, Jan. 7 and Jan. 14.

Starters will be announced live on TNT on Thursday, Jan. 21 during a special one-hour edition of NBA Tip-Off with Ernie Johnson, Charles Barkley, Shaquille O’Neal, and Kenny Smith.

The NBA has come a long way from the days of ballots being distributed at arenas. You’ve heard of voting early and often? That applies to the All-Star Game, which was a huge success last season at Madison Square Garden, home of the Knicks.

Here are the different options to vote:

-   NBA.COM VOTING PAGE at NBA.COM/VOTE: Fill out one full ballot per day on NBA.com/vote from a desktop or mobile browser.
-   NBA APP: Access the ballot and vote through the app, which is available on Android and iOS.  Fans can fill out one full ballot per day.
-   TWITTER: Tweet, retweet or reply with the player’s first and last name, along with the hashtag #NBAVOTE.  Each Tweet may include only one player’s name.  Fans can vote 10 unique players each day throughout the All-Star voting period.
-   FACEBOOK: Use player’s first and last name along with the hashtag #NBAVOTE in a post on your personal Facebook account, or comment on another’s Facebook post.   Fans can post votes for 10 unique players per day and each vote may contain only one player’s name.
-   INSTAGRAM:  Post an original photo, with the hashtag #NBAVOTE and the player’s first and last name in the photo caption.  Fans can vote for 10 unique players per day, and each vote may contain only one player’s name.
-   SMS: Text the player’s LAST NAME to 6-9-6-2-2 (“MYNBA”) on any wireless device.  Fans can vote for 10 different players per day, per phone number, via SMS voting by sending 10 separate SMS messages, each one with a different player’s last name.  Message and data rates may apply.
-   GOOGLE SEARCH: Search “NBA Vote All-Star” or “NBA Vote _Team Name_” (ex: NBA Vote Celtics), and use respective team cards to select players.  Voters can submit one vote per player per day, with up to 10 total votes per day.

[Mitch Lawrence]

Based in New York, I’ve written a column about pro basketball for the last 25 years. During that time a Who's Who of basketball A-listers -- Phil Jackson, Pat Riley, Don…

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-   Reprints & Permissions

question: Why did the NBA shift to online voting after many years of paper ballots?

answer: The NBA shifted to online voting after many years of paper ballots to make voting easier and more accessible to fans.

critique: The second half of the statement is supported, however there isn't sufficient evidence in the passage to solidly understand why the NBA made voting easier.

critique: The answer is not specific about the reason for the shift.

critique: The answer should be clearer about the reason for the shift.

critique: Voting for the NBA All-Star Game, to be held for the first time ever outside the United States, in Toronto on Feb. 14, 2016, has never been easier.

critique: The answer is not specific about how online voting is easier and more accessible.


text:
[Captain H Riall Sankey] MATTHEW HENRY PHINEAS RIALL SANKEY (9 November 1853 – 3 October 1926) was an Irish-born engineer and captain in the Royal Engineers, known as the creator of the Sankey diagram.

Biography

Sankey was born at Nenagh in County Tipperary in 1853 the son of General W. Sankey, C.B. He received his first education in Switzerland and at Mr. Rippon’s School at Woolwich. Here from 1871 to 1873 he attended the Royal Military Academy, and from 1874 to 1876 the School of Military Engineering in Chatham.

In the last years of his studies Sankey started as research-assistant of the Royal Commission on Railway Accidents making calculations and experiments on railway-brakes and trails. After graduation he started at the British Army, first on the War Office on architectural design, then leading a drawing office of 16 draughtsmen in Manchester. In Gibraltar he was superintended at the construction of barracks for a Military Telegraphs station. From 1879 to 1882 he was instructor at the Royal Military College, Kingston, Canada, and from 1882 to 1889 back in England working for the Ordnance Survey Establishment at Southampton.[1]

From 1889 to 1904 he was a member of the board of directors of Willans & Robinson engineers. He was appointed lead engineer and steam engine designer in 1892 after Mr. Willans died. Later he designed their new Victoria Works at Rugby. From 1904 to 1909 he was a consulting engineer in the steam and internal-combustion engineering industry. From 1909 until his death in 1926 he was a board member of Marconi’s Wireless Telegraph Company, Ltd, and on the board of some other companies.[2]

In World War I Sankey volunteered serving as a staff officer at the department of the Director of Fortifications and Works. He was decorated with the Order of the Bath (CB) and the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for his service in World War I.

He was also President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.[3]

Work

Sankey diagram

[Sankey's diagram, 1898] In an 1898 article about the energy efficiency of a steam engine in the _Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers_ Sankey introduced the first energy flow diagram: a visualisation to be christened Sankey diagram.[4] Sankey gave the following explanation how to read the image:

    “_No portion of a steam plant is perfect, and each is the seat of losses more or less serious. If therefore it is desired to improve the steam plant as a whole, it is first of all necessary to ascertain separately the nature of the losses due to its various portions; and in this connection the diagrams in Plate 5 have been prepared, which it is hoped may assist to a clearer understanding of the nature and extent of the various losses.
    The boiler; the engine; the condenser and air-pump; the feedpump and the economiser, are indicated by rectangles upon the diagram. The flow of heat is shown as a stream, the width of which gives the amount of heat entering and leaving each part of the plant per unit of time; the losses are shown by the many waste branches of the stream. Special attention is called to the one (unfortunately small) branch which represents the work done upon the pistons of the engine._”[5]

Previously created by Charles Joseph Minard (for the Russian campaign of 1812) to show the number of Napoleon's soldiers going to and from Russia, Sankey specialised its use for energy flow.

This presentation made an impression. Just four years later in 1902 Robert Henry Thurston among others acknowledged, that the heat distribution of the then modern steam engine was best shown by the use of the so-called “Sankey Diagram”.[6]

Patents

Sankey received at least four patents for an expansion-gear for engines (1894),[7] a turbine (1905),[8] a reversible turbine (1907),[9] and a steam-turbine (1907).[10]

Publications

Books:

-   1879. _Elementary theory and calculation of iron bridges and roofs_. English translation of August Ritter's German book of 1863.
-   1898. _Temperature Entropy Or [theta Phi] Chart for 1 Lb. of H2O: Giving Also Volumes, Absolute Pressures and Dryness Fractions, Internal Energy, Water Heat, and Total Heat in British Thermal Units_. Frost & Sons
-   1911. _Gas engines_. with William Johnstone Marshall
-   1907. _The Energy Chart: Practical Applications to Reciprocating Steam-engines_. E. & F.N. Spon

Articles, a selection:

-   1888. “The Maps of the Ordnance Survey: a mid-Victorian view”. in: _Engineering_, a weekly illustrated journal. Charles Close Society London. Republished in 1995.
-   1896. “The Thermal Efficiency of Steam-Engines”. In: _Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers_ 125, 1896, S. 182–242.
-   1898. “Introductory Note on the Thermal Efficiency of Steam-Engines”. in: _Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers_. Vol. 134, p. 278–283

[1] OBITUARY. CAPTAIN MATTHEW HENRY PHINEAS RIALL SANKEY. 1853-1925. in: _Minutes of the Proceedings_, Vol 221, Issue 1 January 1926, pp. 271–274. E-ISSN 1753-7843

[2]

[3] Captain H Riall Sankey Profile at imeche.org. Accessed 12 January 2013.

[4]

[5] Sankey (1898, p.279) cited in Mario Schmidt (2006, p.9)

[6] Robert Henry Thurston (1902) _Stationary Steam Engines, Simple and Compound: Especially as Adapted to Light and Power Plants_. Wiley, p.331.

[7] US Patent 521,574, 1894

[8] US Patent 797,460, 1905

[9] US Patent 871,526, 1907

[10] US Patent 874,443, 1907

title: Matthew Henry Phineas Riall Sankey

question: How did recent wars in European history affect Sankey's experiments and research? Note political and economical factors.

answer: European history from 1914 to 1930 in particular affected Sankey's experiments and research while Sankey was working as staff officer in the department of the Director of Fortifications and Works. In an article "The Maps of the Ordnance Survey: a mid-Victorian view", he describes how mid-Victorian England was struck with many crises relating to the disruption of economic activities, resulting in the mass creation of maps. The destruction brought about by the war also created gaps in maps and also compromised the accuracy of which are the most critical sections of the landscape. This destruction led to greater need for censuses so that authorities have an idea of how much people to rescue from the destruction and how to inform the common people of their losses. Eventually, the war improved the accuracy of maps and other visual media. The war also increased need for public infrastructure and led to greater construction, which again would require accurate maps.

critique: This answer is not relevant to the question.

critique: The response is not related to the question and is not accurate.

critique: The response is not related to the question.

critique: "The destruction brought about by the war also created gaps in maps and also compromised the accuracy of which are the most critical sections of the landscape. This destruction led to greater need for censuses so that authorities have an idea of how much people to rescue from the destruction and how to inform the common people of their losses. Eventually, the war improved the accuracy of maps and other visual media. The war also increased need for public infrastructure and led to greater construction, which again would require accurate maps." - irrelevant and does not answer the question.

critique: The response does not explain the direct link to Sankey's experiments and research.

critique: "mid-Victorian England was struck with many crises relating to the disruption of economic activities, resulting in the mass creation of maps. The destruction brought about by the war also created gaps in maps and also compromised the accuracy of which are the most critical sections of the landscape." is irrelevant to the question.

critique: The response contains a lot of irrelevant information.

critique: This response misses to mention that the war also increased need for public infrastructure and led to greater construction, which again would require accurate maps.

critique: The passage does not mention Sankey's role in the war.

critique: Sankey's article has nothing to do with the other events mentioned.


text:
GÖYGÖL (, literally “the Blue Lake”) is a natural impounded lake in Azerbaijan. It is situated at the footsteps of Murovdag, not far from Ganja.[1]

History

Due to an earthquake which hit the area on 25 September 1139, parts of the Kapaz Mount collapsed and blocked the path of the Kürəkçay River.[2] As a result of diversion of water flow, a lake with pure mountain water was created, hence the name given signifying the pureness of the water. The nearby city of Khanlar was renamed after the Göygöl Lake on 25 April 2008. The city founded as Helenendorf by first German settlers in Azerbaijan in 1819 and with considerable German minority until 1941 had been renamed to Khanlar in 1938. In 1941, German settlers were relocated by Soviet authorities to Kazakhstan and their homes were filled by Armenians by orders of Anastas Mikoyan.[3] In 1925 the lake was incorporated into the newly founded “Goy Gol State Reserve” which was superseded as Göygöl National Park in 2008.

General information

Greater Göygöl area is often split into 19 lakes, 8 of which fall into large lakes category, Maralgol, Zelilgöl, Qaragöl among them. It is situated at 1,556 meters above the sea level.[4] The complete length reaches 6,460 meters. The depth of the lake is 93 meters.[5] Due to pureness of the water, one can see underwater life clearly 8–10 meters below the surface. The lake fauna is very rich. The Göygöl Trout has evolved from the river trout since the natural creation of the lake. The Göygöl area is known for dry winters and mild to warm summers. Rainfalls range from 600 to 900 mm. There is an Azerbaijani Army corps close to Göygöl.[6] The lake is a major tourist attraction during the spring and summer seasons. In 2009, more than 4500 tourists have visited Goygol. Among the tourists, many are German nationals. In the vicinity of Göygöl, there are settlements once populated by ethnic Germans, many monuments of German culture and an old German Lutheran church built in 1854.[7]

In pop culture

Due to its beauty, the lake has been an inspiration for many novels, poems and music bands.[8][9]

[1] Большая Советская Энциклопедия: Гейгель

[2] “Погляди на Гейгель, королеву озер”... 24.11.05 Фаик ЗАКИЕВ Retrieved on 30 September 2010

[3] Гейгель отмечает свое 189-летие – 23.08.2008 First News Retrieved on 30 September 2010

[4]

[5] Гейгельский Национальный Парк

[6] DÖVLƏT TƏBİƏT QORUQLARI: Göy-göl Dövlət Təbiət Qoruğu

[7] 10.07.2010 First News Retrieved on 30 September 2010

[8] GÖY GÖL – ƏHMƏD CAVAD

[9] “Göygöl”ün 40 yaşı qeyd edilib. 30.01.2010 Ayna newspaper. Xatun Retrieved on 30 September 2010

title: Göygöl (lake)

question: Summarize the text where it discusses the history of the Goygol Lake.

answer: In 1941, German settlers were relocated by Soviet authorities to Kazakhstan. Some of their homes were filled by Armenians. In 1925, The lake was incorporated into the Goy Gol State Reserve. In 2009, more than 4500 tourists have visited Goygol.

critique: The text does not mention the German settlers being relocated to Kazakhstan.

critique: The answer is irrelevant to the question.

critique: This answer does not mention the new development in the city of Khanlar, which was renamed after the lake. It should be included in the response.

critique: The response should include the reason for the German settlers' relocation.

critique: The answer omits the earthquake that created the lake.

critique: The text does not mention that the lake was incorporated into the Goy Gol State Reserve in 1925.

question: Summarize some of the interest facts of the Goygol area written in the text under the subheading of general information.

answer: The area is often split into 19 lakes. The Greater area is split into 19 lakes, with 8 of those falling under the large-lake format. The rest include the Maralgol, Zelilgol, and Qaragol. The Greater area is situated at 1,556 meters above the sea level. The Greater area is known for having dry winters, with mild summers. The Göygol area is a prime destination for tourists during springs, summers, and moderately rainy weather due to the rich faun, with the world-famous trout, a westernized trout, typifying the area. The lake is a must-visit for many people and a prime tourist destination for years.

critique: The last sentence is redundant, as it repeats information already stated.

critique: The last sentence is not relevant to the question.

critique: The answer should mention the German settlers.

critique: The trout is not the only fauna in the area.

critique: "The rest include the Maralgol, Zelilgol, and Qaragol." - this is incorrect. The rest are Maralgol, Zelilgol, and Qaragol.

question: Would Goygol Lake be a great setting for a movie?

answer: According to this, the answer would be yes.

critique: The article doesn't say anything about the lake being a great setting for a movie.

critique: The answer is not according to the text, but according to the text.

critique: The article does not say anything about the lake being a great setting for a movie.

critique: It is not stated that the answer would be yes, but there is an inference that can be made.

critique: The answer is too vague and doesn't really say anything.

critique: Going by this article, there are no inhibitors in creating a movie around this lake


text:
“Just a few questions sir, and we’ll be out of your hair” said the neatly kept woman behind the desk.

     “No problem”, Pete replied, wondering how she fell into this job.

     “Okay then, so. Age?”

     “25”, he said, after a brief pause that someone lying might have needed.  She nodded, punching the keyboard twice.

    “Weight?”

“Ooo, God knows. Sorry. I mean, I have no idea.  The last time I weighed myself I was about 210, 220? But that was at least a month ago.” He turned to his side. “What do you reckon?”  She smiled, embarrassed at his gesture.

     “We’ll say 210 then.” Pete congratulated himself, then thanked her for the accidental compliment.

     “Time of death?” asked the woman, slightly more sternly then the last questions.  Pete was taken aback.  He was having fun before that one.

     “Don’t you already know that?” he asked.  She shrugged sympathetically. “It’s for our records.”

    “Fine. Suicide.” A subtle wince brushed over her face at his brisk retort.  “Will that be a problem?” he asked, noticing her expression.

     “No, no absolutely not”.  The woman made a conscious effort to force a smile.  Peter smiled back, her smile was convincing enough.  She had lovely teeth, too.  “If you’d like to go through, Jon will show you around.”

    As the words came out of her mouth, a polished, white door opened to the right of her desk.  Jon, who looked like he had stepped out of a shaving advert, was waiting on the other side, doing his best to make him feel as welcome as possible with a beaming smile.  “Come through my friend!” he shouted enthusiastically.  Peter didn’t like him already.

    He stepped through the door, not pausing to consider the fact that one of life’s biggest questions was soon to be answered for him. Of course, he had preconceptions of what heaven might look like – clouds, cherubs, wispy structures with thrones and columns - but he decided he would leave those in the waiting room.   They were mostly taken from Disney’s Hercules anyway; a dubious source at best.

    With his jaw hung open, he pivoted on the spot, like a netball player desperately searching for a pass.  The door behind him had disappeared, and surrounding him, in every direction, were rows, and rows, and rows, of cubicles.  They seemed to go on infinitely into the distance, punctuated by a medium sized houseplant by the doorway of each one, and a water cooler every 50 yards in the corridors dissecting them.  He looked at Jon, who was looking around in gleeful awe, as though he too was seeing it for the first time.  “Isn’t it amazing” he said, breaking from his trance to gage Peter’s reaction.
“It’s…an office?”, though it was more of an observation then a question.

     “This is what we call The Mothership” explained Jon, still baring those suspiciously white teeth.  “It’s the central hub. The engine room, if you like. This is where you’ll be working.”

title: Heaven is a Place on Earth. Part 1

question: What do you think is heaven's stance on suicide, and why do you think that?

answer: It can be inferred that heaven does not have a stance on suicide, as Peter did and will continue to do his job, despite the fact he killed himself.

critique: "It can be inferred that heaven does not have a stance on suicide, as Peter did and will continue to do his job, despite the fact he killed himself." - this is inaccurate. Peter committed suicide and was already dead when he got to heaven. Heaven's stance on suicide is unclear, but it's possible that it's not a sin because Pete was immediately accepted and ushered in without delay.

critique: It is not stated that Peter will continue to do his job.

critique: "It can be inferred that heaven does not have a stance on suicide, as Peter did and will continue to do his job, despite the fact he killed himself." - it's not clear if Pete will continue to do his job. It's also not clear if Pete killed himself, although it's implied that he did. Revise the answer.

critique: The text does not say that he will continue to do his job.

critique: This answer is incorrect. The passage does not say what heaven's stance on suicide is.

text: The answer should mention that heaven probably has a negative stance on suicide since Peter has been tasked to work in an office after arriving in heaven following his suicide.

category: coverage


text:
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| Egyptian and                                                          |
| Aero Theatres                                                         |
|                                                                       |
| Hollywood & Santa Monica                                              |
|                                                                       |
| Fri, May 6, 2016 - Sun, May 8, 2016                                   |
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| [Buy Tickets] [SHARE]                                                 |
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[]

LAUREL & HARDY: THE ORIGINAL ODD COUPLE

Co-presented by Jeff Joseph/SabuCat, with special thanks to the UCLA Film and Television Archive, the Library of Congress, Tom Holland/Holland Releasing and Marty DeGrazia of Sonar Entertainment.

Laurel and Hardy were among the most successful and beloved comedy teams in cinema history. An Englishman, Stan Laurel traveled to America as a part of Fred Karno’s troupe (in which he understudied Charlie Chaplin), while Georgia-born Oliver Hardy got his start in the booming pre-WWI Florida movie industry; the two first crossed paths in Hollywood at the Hal Roach Studios in 1921.

At first glance, the pair could not have been more mismatched – one thin and childlike onscreen, the other heavyset and haughty. They were very different off-screen as well, with Laurel a focused comedic strategist, while Hardy was more easygoing and content working in front of the camera. Perhaps it was these complementary styles that made the partnership so enduring, lasting nearly 30 years with appearances in more than 100 films together.

Join us for three days of hilarity from the legendary duo, with full restorations of a dozen shorts including “THE MUSIC BOX” (a Best Live Action Short Academy Award winner), “BUSY BODIES,” “HELPMATES,” “TOWED IN A HOLE” and long-lost pie-fight epic “THE BATTLE OF THE CENTURY,” as well as two features: WAY OUT WEST and the rarely screened THE FLYING DEUCES. It’s safe to say that these films - photochemically restored from the original 35mm nitrate elements, then digitally cleaned for these DCP presentations - haven't looked this good since their first release! In addition, we'll be running rarely screened 35mm prints of THE DEVIL’S BROTHER and BONNIE SCOTLAND.

LAUREL AND HARDY SCHEDULE
LAUREL AND HARDY SERIES TRAILER
LEARN ABOUT THE RESTORATION PROCESS

Series programmed by Gwen Deglise and Jeff Joseph. Program notes by John Hagelston and Jeff Joseph.

Both Theatres • Fri, May 6, 2016 - Sun, May 8, 2016

[Buy Tickets]

[SHARE]

question: Describe Laurel and Hardy.

answer: Laurel and Hardy were among the most successful and beloved comedy teams in cinema history.

critique: The answer should include some of the details about Laurel and Hardy.

critique: The answer should mention the physical differences between the two comedians.

critique: The answer is missing a description of Laurel and Hardy.

critique: The answer should mention their physical differences.

critique: The answer should mention their physical appearance.

critique: The answer should mention that they were mismatched.

question: Would Laurel and Hardy be funny to today's generation of kids?

answer: That information can't be found.

critique: It is stated that the pair were among the most successful and beloved comedy teams in cinema history.

critique: The answer is wrong. The article states that Laurel and Hardy were among the most successful and beloved comedy teams in cinema history.

critique: The article mentions that Laurel and Hardy are still funny to kids today.

critique: The answer is wrong. The article says that Laurel and Hardy are still funny to kids today.

critique: It is implied that they would not be funny to kids of today because the article is about a film festival for classic films.

critique: The answer is wrong. The article states that Laurel and Hardy are still funny to kids today.

critique: It is implied that the information can't be found.


text:
North Korean leader Kim Jong Un’s sudden proposition to President Trump[]Donald John TrumpTrump rages against '60 Minutes' for interview with Krebs Cornyn spox: Neera Tanden has 'no chance' of being confirmed as Biden's OMB pick Pa. lawmaker was informed of positive coronavirus test while meeting with Trump: report MORE for a date is premeditated and potentially deadly. While the proposed meeting between the heads of the longtime antagonistic states — were it actually to happen — would be unprecedented, Pyongyang’s outreach was entirely predictable. It certainly is not unprecedented.

Kim is simply taking a page out of his father’s 2000 playbook. That year, Kim Jong Il, the father of the current youthful despot and second hereditary ruler of the dystopian dynasty that is the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, set a new standard in international shakedown. After firing a missile over Japan (for the first time) in 1998 and following it up with a naval skirmish against South Korea in 1999, Kim the Second wound down his crisis-crescendo dial and turned up the charm-o-meter.

In June, Kim Jong Il hosted the first-ever inter-Korean summit meeting and pocketed $500 million from the Southern pilgrim. Next stop: Washington. In October, Kim Jong Il’s senior-most military man personally conveyed to President Clinton his boss’s invitation for a Pyongyang pilgrimage. Clinton, who was keen on traversing the traps-strewn path to Pyongyang, was saved by the George W. Bush-Al Gore[]Albert (Al) Arnold GoreKey McConnell ally: Biden should get access to transition resources CNN acquires Joe Biden documentary 'President in Waiting' Former GSA chief: 'Clear' that Biden should be recognized as president-elect MORE election recount fiasco that dragged on until mid-December.

But his secretary of State, hastily dispatched to Pyongyang before the November election, was less fortunate, leaving some embarrassing, lasting images (for example, improperly holding her Champagne flute while the North Korean dictator, well-versed in the sybaritic lifestyle, holds it correctly by its stem). During those heady years of the Clinton-Bush continuum, the United States, hoodwinked by the Pyongyang Ponzi scheme, gave North Korea in excess of $1.3 billion.

In the coming weeks, Kim Jong Un may send Kim Yo Jong, his dear sister and Royal Censor, to Washington to further soften up Trump and seal the deal. The imperious smiles-flashing Kim Yo Jung is an unprecedented, bias-busting weapon for the Kim regime. Hers is a softer, kinder, quasi-glamorous human face on the inhumane and eminently mockable regime that is the North Korean state. Were the Pyongyang princess, who reportedly is pregnant, make the trans-Pacific trip visibly appearing so, well-wishers the world over would swoon and mutter under their breath how oafish it would be of Trump not to heed the hard-working, self-sacrificing, peace-seeking envoy’s sincere entreaty to meet her hard-playing, fellow citizens-sacrificing, war-threatening brother.

Trump should see Kim’s "offer" to refrain from further weapons tests for now as what it is — a lazy recycling of the old ruse he used on the Obama administration in 2012. Nuclear and ballistic missile tests are prohibited by more than 10 United Nations Security Council resolutions. Hence, the mere utterance of abstinence from forbidden activities does not a change of heart make. Moreover, Kim Jong Un’s sudden “commitment” to holding "denuclearization" talks — a quarter-century-old canard — in North Korean parlance means the end of the U.S. extended nuclear deterrence to South Korea (and Japan) and the abrogation of the U.S.-South Korea defense treaty.

In short, Kim not only has not made any concession but has managed to hypnotize many into believing that last-minute banquets and bonhomie will trump the reality of Pyongyang’s half-century-old pursuit of nukes and Washington’s quarter-century-old record of failed nuclear diplomacy.

So, how should Trump proceed?

First, think hard on basic logic: At what point between Vice President Pence’s invalidation of Kim Jong Un’s Pyeongchang Olympics outreach as a “charade” in early February and Kim’s courting of President Trump in early March did the Dear Leader’s intentions become not fake?

Second, the United States should make some basic demands — action beyond words. Start with small steps such as calling on Kim to release detained U.S. and South Korean citizens and allow separated Korean families across the Demilitarized Zone the basic freedom of telephone calls and exchange of letters. All the while, enforce U.S. sanctions laws resolutely, as tempting as it may be to compromise for the sake of diplomatic progress.

Trump must realize that the terms of the gradual suspension and ultimate termination of U.S. sanctions against the Kim regime are codified into law. Unless Pyongyang takes meaningful steps toward the complete dismantlement of its nuclear plants and centrifuges; stops illicit activities such as counterfeiting U.S. currency, money laundering and proliferation; releases all political prisoners and stops censoring the North Korean people in extremis; abides by international norms as an aid-recipient nation; and complies with monitoring and, ultimately, reforms its horrific prison camps, the U.S. is legally bound to continue to enforce sanctions.

Third, inconvenient as it may be, Trump must speak the truth to Kim Jong Un. If the president is able to muster up the strength to look Kim in the eye and tell him, “Mr. Kim: Tear down the walls of your inhumane gulags,” his meeting with the tyrant, even if denuclearization fails in the near-term, may mark a powerful symbolic moment. But if Trump falls for Kim’s trap and, after indulging in the bonhomous moment of the summitry, prematurely relaxes sanctions — thus, legitimating and rewarding the world’s most tyrannical leader — then his meeting with Kim will be yet another bleak moment in the inglorious annals of U.S. diplomacy vis-à-vis Pyongyang.

More likely, it will be worse. North Korea today stands on the verge of nuclear breakout and becoming a continual credible nuclear threat to the continental United States. A summit meeting short on substance will only allow Kim to buy more time and money with which to pre-empt U.S. pre-emption and perfect his own nuclear posture, to be implemented at a time of his own choosing. For Trump to succumb to Pyongyang’s transparent ploy and prematurely deprive himself of the one effective nonlethal policy he has — sanctions enforcement — would be to affirm Karl Marx’s maxim, “History repeats itself, the first as tragedy, then as farce.”

Worse still, in the strange, atavistic case of the North Korean nuclear saga, the first summit gambit in 2000 was farcical aplenty. A replay of history in 2018 may invite not just a conventional tragedy, but nuclear calamity. Trump must at all cost circumvent Pyongyang’s traps and ensure that the joke, for once, is on Kim.

_Sung-Yoon Lee is Kim Koo-Korea Foundation professor of Korean studies and assistant professor at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University._

question: What does the text say about a Pyongyang pilgrimage?

answer: A Pyongyang pilgrimage is when someone from North Korea goes to the country's capital, Pyongyang, to meet with North Korea's senior-most military man. This was requested by North Korea's second hereditary ruler, Kim Jong Il, in 1999. The request was to meet with the President of the United States, but the request was declined due to the presidential election.

critique: The answer should mention the second Pyongyang pilgrimage.

critique: The answer should mention that the request was declined due to the election, not that the request was declined.

critique: The response inaccurately mentions that the request was declined due to the presidential election, however it was declined due to the George W. Bush-Al Gore election recount fiasco.

critique: The response inaccurately mentions that the request was to meet with the President of the United States, however it was to meet with President Clinton.

text: There's no general "Pyongyang pilgrimage" for North Koreans to meet their senior-most military man. The term "pilgrimage" is used somewhat metaphorically in the text.

category: accuracy

question: What does the text say about nuclear missiles?

answer: When all the United Nation sanctions against North Korea are set aside, and Kim says that he would not test a nuclear missile anymore, selling confidential information will ignite and confuse Trump's words, as they are true.

critique: The first sentence is a complete riddle, though the last sentence is salient

critique: The answer is not related to the question.

critique: The article does not mention any confidential information being sold to Trump, making the response inaccurate.

question: Summarize what the U.S. should be demanding from the Kim regime.

answer: The U.S. should demand that North Korea release all political prisoners and stop censoring the North Korean people. They should also abide by international norms as an aid-recipient nation and comply with monitoring and reforms of their prison camps.

critique: The answer omits that the U.S. should demand that North Korea take meaningful steps toward the complete dismantlement of its nuclear plants and centrifuges.

question: What does the text say about the pilgrimage to Beijing?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should mention that the pilgrimage to Beijing was mentioned in the text.

critique: The answer isn't related to the question.

critique: While not explicitly mentioned in the text, it is implied that Kim Jong Il's pilgrimage to Beijing was for the purposes of diplomatic relations.

critique: The response misses to provide an answer to the question in the task.

critique: The response misses to answer the question in the task.

critique: The answer should mention that the pilgrimage to Beijing is not mentioned in the text.

critique: There is no mention of a pilgrimage to Beijing in the text.


text:
The bumblebee that Thomas had been following landed gracefully on one of his mother's daisies. Its feet connected with the center of the flower, and the miniature wings that had carried it there seized their movement. The stem of the daisy bent slightly under the pressure of the tiny creature. It began to sway. A cool breeze blew through the garden, and all of the other flowers swayed with it. The bee could have been a snake charmer, or the conductor of an orchestra. The garden continued to dance for a long time, and eventually Thomas lost interest in the bee.

Towards the other side of the garden was an apple tree, big enough to shade him if he lay on his back. Thomas walked over to it, and before lying down, he listened to the sounds around him. There were footsteps on the other side of the hedge, wind through the grass and leaves, and the ever-present sound of his mother weeping.

It had started four months ago, on Christmas of 1918. He had awoken earlier than ever, and had run into her bedroom expecting celebration and presents. Instead, she had told him to wait until later for the gifts. He had seen tears on her rosy cheeks, and had heard her crying upstairs while he sat waiting by the tree. Since then, she had never told him what was wrong, and it hadn't seemed to get better. He suspected that it had to do with her husband, Thomas' father - although he wasn't his father, really. The man had left his mother when Thomas was only four years old, and he had never known him. She had told him that his father had gone off to save the world, and would be back again soon. But after four years, he still hadn't returned.

His mother stopped crying, and the property was peaceful once again. Thomas tossed aside some twigs, and lay down in the shade.

The garden was Thomas' home - he spent more time here than in the house beside which it resided. He came when he was in a good mood, and had spent some of his happiest days here, chasing bumblebees and climbing the oak trees. He also came when things weren't at their best, because it helped him forget about the bad things that sometimes happened. When his mother cried, he came to the garden to keep his mind off of his father. Sometimes, he even liked to pretend that he was the man. If a bird landed on one of his favourite trees, Thomas would clap his hands and yell at it, as if he was the guardian of the house. He had trained himself to be attentive, which is why he sat upright instantly when he heard a noise close by.

The man that had been walking outside was now unlocking the gate, and Thomas' heart began to race. Who was this man, and what reason did he have to enter the garden? The stranger stepped through and began walking down the path towards the house. It wasn't anybody that he recognized, and the man seemed to have a limp, as if he had been injured. Thomas stood up to get a better view, but made sure to hide himself behind the massive trunk of the tree. The man was almost at the door, and was picking up his pace. All of the practice that Thomas had had protecting the garden was now shying from his memory, and he only felt a sickening worry that his mother was going to be taken from him too. The man stepped up onto the porch, and opened the door, letting it swing in slowly. He called something, which to Thomas sounded like "Anna", which was his mother's name. There was silence, and then he heard a different sound from his mother than all of the ones he had heard the past winter - she screamed.

Thomas felt his heart race faster, if that was possible, and was ready to run at the man. Then he saw his mother rush out the door and embrace him, with the most compassion Thomas had ever seen from her. She was crying again, and so was the man, but Thomas could tell that these were not tears of sorrow. They stood there like that for a long time, and then the wind died down, and everything was silent in the garden. Thomas didn't know who this man was, but he was thankful that his mother was better now. He looked across the yard at the field of daisies, which were pretty, and then at his mother, who was even prettier. She had noticed him standing there, and she was smiling.

title: I'm entering a short story contest at school, any feedback would be appreciated (I don't right much at all, so this might be a disaster)

question: Describe Thomas' attachment to the garden.

answer: Thomas spends more time in the garden than in the house. He comes to the garden when he is in a good mood and when things aren't at their best. He comes to the garden to keep his mind off of his father. He likes to pretend he is the man.

critique: The answer should mention that the garden is Thomas' home.

critique: It is omitted that Thomas likes to chase bumblebees and climb oak trees in the garden.

critique: The answer should mention that Thomas likes to chase bumblebees and climb oak trees.

critique: "Thomas spends more time in the garden than in the house. He comes to the garden when he is in a good" - twice, delete the repetition and add "only" to make it sound more accurate.

question: Summarize how Thomas' mother changes over the course of the story.

answer: She seems to be depressed at the beginning of the story. She cries every day and can't stop crying. By the end of the story, when she sees Thomas, she is smiling.

critique: The answer should mention that Thomas' mother is crying when she sees the man, but it's not clear if she's crying because she's happy or sad.

critique: She used to be one way, and now she is a completely different way. Thomas' mom went from being depressed and upset, to being ecstatic when she sees her husband come home.

question: What does the story say about the first world war?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should mention that Thomas' father went off to save the world.

critique: The response misses to mention that the story does not mention the first world war.

question: Summarize the movements of Thomas' father when he left the family.

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should mention that the father left to save the world.

critique: The answer should mention that the father had left to save the world.

text: The answer should add that his father came home after the war.