text:
PHOEBE C. ELLSWORTH is an American social psychologist and professor at the University of Michigan, holding dual appointments at the Psychology Department and in the Law School.

Ellsworth received her B.A. from Radcliffe College in 1966 and her Ph.D. in social psychology from Stanford University in 1970.

Ellsworth previously held positions at Yale University and Stanford University. Throughout her career, she has served on various editorial boards, advisory committees, and review panels. She also served as a member on the Board of Trustees of the Law and Society Association, the Executive Board of the Society for Experimental Social Psychology, and the Board of Trustees of the Russell Sage Foundation.[1] She is currently a board member of the Death Penalty Information Center.

Ellsworth is noted for her work in law and psychology. More specifically, she has done research on jury behavior and decision making, public opinion and the death penalty, and eyewitness identification. Her other main research interest is in emotions. Some areas of research in this topic include facial emotions, cognition and emotion, and interpretation of emotion. As a graduate student, she worked with Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen to develop the photographs that were used in their research comparing perceptions of emotional faces across cultures.[2][3] Ellsworth is known for her contributions to appraisal theory,[4] emotions and culture,[5][6][7] challenges of emotion and language,[8] and for her writing on William James.[9] In much of her research, Ellsworth has intertwined an interest in cultural differences. In particular, she has taken a look at the cultural differences in perceiving facial emotions (Masuda, Ellsworth, Mesquita, Leu, Tanida, and Van de Veerdonk, 2008).

Ellsworth has received many honors in her career. She is a Frank Murphy Distinguished University Professor of Law and Psychology (2003), Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and Phi Beta Kappa Distinguished Lecturer (2002-2004). In addition, an annual symposium, Phoebe Ellsworth Psychology and Justice Symposium, was created in her honor to recognize her contributions to law and psychology. In 2014 she received both the Nalini Ambady Award for Mentoring Excellence and the Career Contribution Award from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology.[10]

Recent publications

-   -   -   “Social Science and the Evolving Standards of Death Penalty Law.” S. R. Gross, co-author. In Beyond Common Sense, edited by E. Borgida and S. T. Fiske, 237-59. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell Publishing, 2008.
-   “Legal Reasoning.” In The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning, edited by K. J. Holyoak & R. G. Morrison Jr., 685-704. New York: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.
-   “Clapping with Both Hands: Numbers, People, and Simultaneous Hypotheses.” In Perspectivism in Social Psychology: The Yin and Yang of Scientific Progress, edited by John T. Jost et al., 261-73. APA Science Series; APA Decade of Behavior Series. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association, 2004.
-   Ellsworth, P. C., & Gonzalez, R. (2003). Questions, comparisons, and preparation: Methods of research in social psychology. In M. Hogg & J. Cooper (Eds.), Sage Handbook of Social Psychology (pp 24–42). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
-   Ellsworth and A. Reifman. Juror Comprehension and Public Policy: Perceived Problems and Proposed Solutions. 6 Psychol., Pub. Pol'y, & Law 788 (2000).
-   Ellsworth, P. C., & Scherer, K. R. (2003). Appraisal processes in emotion. In R. J. Davidson, H. Goldsmith, & K. R. Scherer (Eds.), Handbook of Affective Sciences. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.
-   Ellsworth & Samuel R. Sommers. How Much Do We Really Know About Race and Juries? A Review of Social Science Theory and Research. 78 Chi.-Kent L. Rev. 997 (2003).
-   Ellsworth & Samuel R. Sommers. White Juror Bias: An Investigation of Prejudice Against Black Defendants in the American Courtroom. 8 Violence & Abuse Abstracts 3 (2002).
-   Gross, S., & Ellsworth, P. C. (2003) Second thoughts: Americans; views on the death penalty. In S.P. Garvey (Ed.), Beyond repair? America's death penalty. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

[1] http://www.russellsage.org/scholars/byYear?year=2007%20-%202008

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10] https://www.lsa.umich.edu/psych/news/ci.phoebeellsworthawarded2014naliniambadyawardformentoringexcellenceandcareercontributionawardfromthesocietyofpersonalityandsocialpsychologymon25aug2014_ci.detail

title: Phoebe C. Ellsworth

question: Summarize Phoebe Ellsworth's work on facial expressions.

answer: Ellsworth's work in facial expressions has been extensive. She worked with Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen to develop the photographs that were used in their research comparing perceptions of emotional faces across cultures. Her work in cultural differences in perceiving facial emotions is also noted.

critique: It would be more accurate to note that she has done more with emotional facial expressions than cultural difference, it's her other main area of research.

question: What does the text say about Blackwell Publishing standards?

answer: No answer

critique: There is no mention of standards Blackwell Publishing has in the text.


split: train

text:
Eleven months after he underwent a face transplant surgery in New York, Cameron Underwood is smiling again.

The 26-year-old man from Yuba, Calif. lost the majority of his lower jaw, his nose, and all but one tooth after he suffered a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the face in June 2016.

After several unsuccessful attempts at conventional facial reconstruction, Underwood and his family reached out to renowned plastic surgeon Dr. Eduardo Rodriguez, a professor of reconstructive plastic surgery and the chair of plastic surgery department at NYU Langone Health.

Soon after, Dr. Rodriguez met with Underwood and determined he was a good candidate for a face transplant.

“When we first met Cameron, we were confident we could improve his appearance and, more importantly, his function and quality of life,” Dr. Rodriguez said in a press release on Thursday.

Underwood only had to wait six months after being placed on the organ donor list in July 2017 before a perfect match was found for him. William Fisher, a 23-year-old writer and aspiring filmmaker from New York, had registered as an organ donor before his death and was selected as a compatible donor for Underwood.

After receiving permission from Fisher’s family and securing the appropriate approvals, Dr. Rodriguez prepared to lead a surgical team from NYU Langone Health in the third face transplant of his career, the second of which is widely considered to be the most extensive face transplant on record, according to the health centre.

The plastic surgeon said he was optimistic about Underwood’s chances for success because of the relatively short period of time – only 18 months – from when he was injured to the surgery.

“Cameron has not lived with his injury for a decade or longer like most other face transplant recipients have,” he said. “As a result, he has not had to deal with many of the long-term psychosocial issues which often lead to issues like severe depression, substance abuse, and other potentially harmful behaviors.”

In January, a team of more than 100 medical professionals from NYU Langone Health transplanted and reconstructed Underwood’s upper and lower jaws, his mouth, and all 32 teeth and gums. His nose, lower eyelids, and cheeks were also replaced during the 25-hour surgery.

The surgical team used state-of-the-art technology, including 3D imaging and intraoperative CAT scans to ensure the facial bones were perfectly aligned and the plates and screws to graft the donor face onto Underwood were in the correct position.

Following the successful surgery, Underwood spent several weeks in hospital before he was discharged ahead of schedule in February. He returned home to California and has been travelling to New York for monthly follow-up appointments ever since.

On Thursday, Underwood stood on stage before an audience – which included his beaming family – to show off the results from his surgery nearly a year ago. He took the opportunity to thank Dr. Rodriguez and his medical team as well as his donor’s family.

“I want Sally [Fisher’s mother] and her family to know how much my family and I appreciate their gift and I will always honour Will’s legacy,” he told the press conference on New York.

Although she was saddened by her son’s death, Sally said she was thankful that his decision to become a donor could give Underwood a second chance.

“Being a part of this experience has been a source of strength for me during a very difficult time. I don’t think I would have survived Will’s death if not for Cameron,” she said in a statement. “Cameron has his whole life ahead of him – and I love the idea that Willie is helping him have a better life.”

Despite Underwood’s impressive results, Dr. Rodriguez said his patient still has a lot of work to do in his healing process, such as improving his chewing, swallowing, and speaking. He will also have to continue taking anti-rejection medications for the rest of his life so his body doesn’t reject his new face.

Even though his road to recovery isn’t over, Underwood said he’s remaining positive and looking forward to the future. He also took a moment to praise Dr. Rodriguez for his efforts.

“He did such a good job, I can use my old ID,” he joked to local news station WCBS after the press conference.

question: What happened to Cameron Underwood?

answer: Underwood suffered a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the face.

critique: The answer should mention the extent of Underwood's injuries.

critique: The answer should include the extent of Underwood's injuries.

critique: The answer omits the most important detail of Underwood's injury.

critique: Fails to mention that he lost the majority of his lower jaw, nose, and all but one of his teeth.

critique: The answer should mention that Underwood lost the majority of his lower jaw, his nose, and all but one tooth.

critique: "Underwood suffered a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the face." - is incomplete. The answer should include the details of the injury.

critique: Does not mention the extent of the damage.

question: Describe Underwood's life after his successful surgery.

answer: Underwood's life after his successful surgery is described as a road to recovery. He has to improve his chewing, swallowing, and speaking. He will also have to continue taking anti-rejection medications for the rest of his life.

critique: The answer should mention that Underwood is looking forward to the future.

critique: The answer should mention that Underwood is still positive about the future.

critique: The answer should mention that Underwood is now able to smile again.

critique: Doesn't mention that Underwood is able to use his old ID.

question: Who is Dr. Rodriguez's biggest competitor?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should be "That information can't be found."


text:
The 2002 RISHON LEZION BOMBING was a suicide bombing which occurred on 7 May 2002 at a crowded game club located in the new industrial area of Rishon Lezion. 16 people were killed in the attack and 55 were injured.

The Islamic militant group Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack.

The attack

On Tuesday, 7 May 2002 at 11:03 pm, a Palestinian suicide bomber detonated a hidden explosive device within a crowded game club full of people located in the new industrial area of Rishon Lezion, only 10 km south of Tel Aviv, killing 16 civilians and injuring 55 people, 10 of them in critical condition.[1][2][3][4]

After the attack the Israeli police stated that the suicide bomber was carrying a briefcase full of explosives and in addition was also wearing an explosive belt. The police estimated that the total weight of explosives were between 7 and 8 kilograms, and stated that the briefcase contained also metal fragments and bolts in order to maximize the number of casualties in the attack.[5]

Fatalities

-   Pnina Hikri, 60, from Tel Aviv[6]
-   Sharuk Rassan, 42, from Holon[7]
-   Shoshana Magmari, 51, from Tel Aviv[8]
-   Anat Temporush, 36, from Ashdod[9]
-   Haim Rafael, 64, from Tel Aviv[10]
-   Daliah Massah, 64, from Nahalat Yehudah[11]
-   Nir Lobatin, 31, from Herzliya[12]
-   Avi Biaz, 26, from Nes Tziona[13]
-   Rahamim Kimche, 58, from Rishon Letzion[14]
-   Edna Cohen, 61, from Holon[15]
-   Yisrael Shikar, 45, from Rishon Letzion[16]
-   Yitzhak Bablar, 58, from Bat Yam[17]
-   Esther Bablar, 54, from Bat Yam[18]
-   Regina Malka Boslan, 62, from Tel Aviv[19]
-   Nawa Hinawi, 51, from Tel Aviv.[20]

The perpetrators

The Islamic militant group Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack.[21]

Aftermath

The attack was condemned by United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan.[22]

After the attack Irina Polishchuk, a Ukrainian illegal prostitute married the Palestinian-Arab Ibrahim Sarahne,[23][24] was caught and convicted of participating in the 2002 Rishon LeZion bombing for her part in delivering the bomber to the site of the attack.

Release of attack collaborator

On 18 October 2011 Irina Polishchuk, who was originally sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, was released to the West Bank as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange between Israel and Hamas.[25]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

title: 2002 Rishon LeZion bombing

question: Summarize the role of the United Nations in this.

answer: The attack was condemned by United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan.

critique: It is omitted that there is disapproval of the relationship between Irina Polishchuk and Ibrahim Sarahne.

critique: The answer could include more details about the UN's role in this.

critique: Does not mention that Irina Polishchuk was released due to the prisoner exchange.

critique: Missed several details related to the release of an alleged accomplice to the bombing

critique: The attack was condemned, but the answer does not mention his condemnation of the attack was part of the aftermath.

critique: The answer should mention Irina Polishchuk.

critique: The answer should mention that the attack was condemned by the UN.

critique: The answer should mention that the UN condemned the attack.

critique: "Secretary General" should be "Secretary-General"

critique: This is a bit of a jump from the question.

critique: The answer should mention the release of the bomber's accomplice.

critique: Summarize the United Nations's inclination to the attack on this.

critique: The answer is incomplete and does not mention that Irina Polishchuk, a Ukrainian illegal prostitute married the Palestinian-Arab Ibrahim Sarahne, was caught and convicted of participating in the 2002 Rishon LeZion bombing for her part in delivering the bomber to the site of the attack.

question: Summarize the bombing.

answer: A Palestinian suicide bomber killed sixteen people and injured 55 at an industrial area in Rishon LeZion. He used 8 kilograms of explosives and wore an explosive belt. Hamas claimed he was carrying a briefcase full of explosives and metal fragments.

critique: The answer does not mention that this was a "suicide bombing".

critique: The briefcase wasn't carrying metal fragments, it was to disperse them.

critique: Missing the date and time of the bombing.

critique: There is no evidence to suggest that the number of survivors is equal to the number of fatalities.

critique: 'He used 8 kilograms of explosives...' is not known and should be removed.

critique: The answer is missing some details about the attack.

critique: "He used 8 kilograms of explosives and wore an explosive belt." - redundant information that can be removed.

critique: The briefcase contained metal fragments, not metal fragments and bolts.

critique: The answer should mention the location of the bombing.

critique: The answer should mention the type of explosive used.

critique: This is not a summary of the bombing-it's a list of some of the victims.

question: What was the purpose of the attack according to the militant group Hamas?

answer: The militant group claimed the attack was a response to the  military actions carried out by Israelis against Palestinians.

critique: This response is inaccurate. The militant group claimed the attack was a response to the Israeli occupation of Palestine.

critique: This answer is too broad and needs to be more specific.

critique: The summary states in general terms, the answer needs more details.

critique: Whereas Hamas states the bombing was a response to its military actions.

critique: The response does not answer the question.

critique: The response is not stated in the article.

critique: The response is a bit vague and does not mention the bombing.

critique: The attack was "a response to the  military actions carried out by Israelis against Palestinians."

critique: The answer should include the actual target of the attack.

question: Summarize Irina's participation in the bombing.

answer: Irina Polishchuk transported her brother-in-law to Rishon LeZion to carry out the bombing. He did detonate the bomb, and Polishchuk later married the man she transported.

critique: "brother-in-law" is an odd way to refer to an in-law; "brother".

critique: There is no evidence showing Irina Polishchuk married the man Irina transported.

critique: There is no evidence that she transported her brother-in-law-she was arrested for delivering the bomber to the site of the attack.

critique: The response contains a few inaccurate details.

critique: "He did detonate the bomb" - this is incorrect. Irina did not transport the bomber to the site of the bombing. She married him after he was caught.

critique: Irina was not the one who transported the bomber.

critique: Irina Polishchuk was not the one who transported the bomber.

critique: She was convicted for her role in the bombing, not for marrying him.

critique: Only one brother-in-law is mentioned, not both of them.

critique: Irina is not the one who transported her brother-in-law

critique: Irina Polishchuk was not the one who transported the bomber to Rishon LeZion. She was the one who married him after the bombing.

critique: The answer omits that the bombing was a suicide bombing.


text:
Feedback welcome! I really like the idea and want to do it well. Let me know if there are any grammatical errors I missed. thanks!

--------------------------------------

I stop to catch my breath on the 43rd floor. On especially foggy days you can't see the top of the Columbia tower from the ground below. Your imagination doesn't strain to picture it rising up forever. The fog could clear and you would see black windows stretch on for miles into the the sky until you lose sight of it in the distance. This illusion is not shattered from the inside of the building.

Once a year there is a fundraiser where firefighters climb all 69 flights of stairs with full gear on to raise money for leukemia. Even if the cure for cancer was on the line, I still would have stripped my backpack off 10 stories ago. climbing these steps Isn't as bad after shedding 50 pounds.

I haven't slept in two and a half weeks. I know because I keep a tally of the passing days. 20 parallel lines and four vertical slashes etched into the base of the clock tower in King Street Station are the only reason I know I haven't been here for years. That fucking tower. Home of the only working clock in the city. All the others are simply stopped. Digital clocks and watches are just a series of random numbers. a new sequence every few seconds. The result is a change in perspective, the center of the city seems to have shifted to the station. It is where I first woke up 24 days ago and it is where I always return. So much time spent sitting at the base of that tower listening to the tick tick tick of the second hand.

Still climbing. Out the window I see the city sprawl into the distance. Not a sign of life. Not a single living thing as far as I can see. I'm alone here. 56th floor now. Not far from the top.

I tried to leave at first. See if there was life elsewhere. Maybe I was unconscious through an evacuation. Maybe there were electrical issues that would explain the clocks. I found that that wasn't the case. Something bigger is happening. Since there are no cars that will start I packed some food and water and tried to leave the city on foot. The fog made it impossible to leave. I must have walked for a day through the thick consuming grey that was heavy as water around me, making it impossible to see more than a couple feet ahead. I tried to tell myself that I just got turned around when the fog cleared and I came out in exactly the same place I entered it.

Unwavering consciousness is maddening. After a week you would kill to sleep for even an hour. A couple days in I was in a panic, tearing through medicine cabinets in an empty apartment, I took everything I found. A handful of Valium and Ambien and I just laid there for two hours staring at the ceiling, clear headed and wide awake. Eventually my gaze dropped to look at the pictures on the walls. I felt nauseous. Not from the pills but from seeing the photographs around me. on the walls, on the dressers and bed side table. there were no people in them. Baby pictures with no babies. Empty cribs. Cheap family photo backdrops with no family in front. Pictures taken of people minus the people. I stood up and walked back into the bathroom to confirm my fear. In my frenzy I hadn't even taken a second to look in the mirror. No reflection. I broke the mirror and walked back to the station.

68th floor now.

For a while I was in a haze. Almost catatonic. What could I do? For days I wandered aimlessly, my footsteps the only sound I could hear.

A couple days ago I broke the window of a house in a more residential part of the city and climbed in. In the living room I sat cross legged in front of a crate of vinyl records. I am unable to see another person but maybe I can hear one. I pull Abby Road from the crate and it's one of the saddest things I have ever seen. For some reason the reality of all of this really set in when I saw the empty street. The Isolation and hopelessness of my situation somehow came over me full force while I stared at the sleeve. The familiar scene was all there, the yellow bug on the left, the trees over the peaceful street lined with cars stretching into the distance, but no one in the crosswalk. I knew it would be anything but reassuring at this point but I put the record in and dropped the needle down. There was music, but no vocals. I should have enjoyed it anyway but it was only unsettling. I decided to go with Beethoven while I sat and tried to figure out what to do next.

Here I am. Looking down on the city from the observation deck of it's tallest skyscraper. The view is incredible. A vast concrete landscape meets beautiful blue water encompassed be blanket of fog in all directions. Like living in a snow globe. I take a moment to really appreciate it before picking up one of the heavy wooden chairs on the far end of the room. Luckily the glass is single pane and after three or four tries I swing the chair as hard as possible against the window and it finally gives, shattering outward, sending a glistening cloud of glass to the streets below. Looking over the edge, the ground looks miles away. I start to feel a breeze. The air has been still as long as I can remember. In the wind I hear a sound. It sounds like voices. Whispering. incoherent but there is no mistaking it. I take a deep breath. Then, exhaling every ounce of fear in my body, I jump. The street comes rushing toward me a thousand miles an hour, then black.

------------------------------------------

My eyelids are heavy but I force them open. I'm blinded by fluorescent light. Plain white walls and sterile impersonal steel. Hospital. I feel the tubes all around me. The needles. Unnatural extensions of my body. Then a voice.

"Oh my god. Doctor! he's awake! Get in here now, he opened his eyes!"

A frenzy of motion all around me. Scuffling footsteps. A man in light blue scrubs is hovering over me, shining bright light into my eyes.

"Can you hear me? Blink if you can hear me. Are you able to speak?"

I understand but am unable to react. My body is not under my control. Dead weight.

"Keep your eyes open. Listen to my voice. stay with me!"

I can't. My vision begins to blur and sound begins to fade. The voices becoming unintelligible, far away.

"just stay with me."

Then black again.

------------------------------

I wake up and feel cold concrete. I'm confused and all I see is grey. Straining my eyes to look upward I see that familiar tower. It's dead silent except for a Tick Tick Tick from the clock above

title: [PI] your character is the only character alive, as far as he can tell.

question: What does the story say about what happened to the protagonist?

answer: The protagonist wakes up in King Street Station, the base of a clock tower. He is alone in the city. He isolates himself for years in a sign of endless loneliness. After a while, he can't decipher the sounds he hears from the city. He descends from the tower and he's hit by a car. Afterward, doctors tend him and he wakes up again, probably at the same time he falls unconscious. However, this time he is in a hospital.

critique: The answer is missing the part about the protagonist breaking the window of a house and jumping to his death.

critique: The protagonist is hit by a car and wakes up in the hospital. He is not hit by a car.

critique: The story doesn't specify how long the narrator has been there.

critique: The narrator didn't hit by a car after he jumped from the tower.

critique: The story doesn't mention a car. It only says that he jumps.

critique: It's not stated that the protagonist hit by a car.

critique: The protagonist does not isolate. He is holed up in the tower.

critique: The protagonist is hit by a car, not a car.

critique: The response is incorrect. The protagonist does not fall unconscious after being hit by a car. He wakes up again in the hospital.

question: What does the story say about why the protagonist jumps?

answer: The protagonist hears voices that sound like whispering. They feel hopeless in the isolation and decide to commit suicide by jumping from the tower. It only means that the protagonist has psychological issues.

critique: The protagonist's psychological state is not the reason for their suicide attempt.

critique: The model's answer is an analysis of the story, not an answer to the question.

critique: The answer is not clear about the protagonist's suicide.

critique: "The protagonist hears voices that sound like whispering. They feel hopeless in the isolation and decide to commit suicide by jumping from the tower. It only means that the protagonist has psychological issues." - this is not what happened. The protagonist was trying to find out what happened. The last line is not needed.

critique: It is omitted that the protagonist is unable to see or hear any other people.

critique: "I take a deep breath. Then, exhaling every ounce of fear in my body, I jump."-shows the protagonist willing to die. That the protagonist is willing to jump.

critique: The narrator is alive again and doesn't jump. He wakes up in a hospital.

critique: The passage does not indicate that the protagonist is psychologically troubled

critique: The answer is not related to the question.

critique: "The protagonist hears voices that sound like whispering. They feel hopeless in the isolation and decide to commit suicide by jumping from the tower." - this is incorrect. The protagonist hears voices in the wind as they struggle to jump from the tower. There is no mention of whispering voices. Rewrite the sentence.

critique: The protagonist is desperate to leave the city.


text:
STANLEY MARCUS (born March 27, 1946) is a Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit and a former United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida.

Early life, education and legal training

Marcus was born and raised in New York City, New York. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Queens College, City University of New York, magna cum laude, in 1967. He earned his Juris Doctor from the Harvard Law School in 1971. Marcus also served on active duty in the United States Army in 1969, and served in the United States Army Reserve through 1974.[1]

Legal career

Marcus clerked for United States District Judge John Ries Bartels from 1971 until 1973, and joined the New York law firm of Botein, Hays, Sklar and Herzberg as an associate in 1974. He became an Assistant United States Attorney in Brooklyn in 1975, and in 1978 was assigned to the United States Attorney's Office in Detroit, Michigan as Deputy Chief of the “Detroit Strike Force,” which investigated organized crime in Michigan. In 1980, Marcus was appointed the Chief of the Detroit Strike Force, Organized Crime and Racketeering Section of the United States Department of Justice. In 1982, Marcus left Detroit and became the United States Attorney for the Southern District of Florida, in Miami, Florida.[2][3]

Federal judicial service

Marcus was nominated on June 20, 1985 by President Ronald Reagan to a new seat authorized by 98 Stat. 333 on the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 16, 1985, received his commission on July 18, 1985 and was sworn in on August 16, 1985, according to a September 26, 1997 article in the Fort Lauderdale Sun-Sentinel. His service terminated on November 23, 1997, due to elevation to the Eleventh Circuit.[4]

President Bill Clinton nominated Marcus to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, to a seat vacated by Judge Peter T. Fay, on September 25, 1997, after a previous Clinton nominee for the seat, Charles "Bud" Stack, had withdrawn his name from consideration after his background was raised as an issue by Bob Dole during the 1996 presidential election.[5] Even though the Senate at that time was controlled by Republicans, Marcus's nomination was considered to be very uncontroversial. The United States Senate Judiciary Committee unanimously voted in favor of Marcus's nomination on November 6, 1997, and the full Senate unanimously confirmed him on November 7, 1997. “I'm deeply honored,” Marcus told the Miami Herald in a brief interview in an article that appeared on November 8, 1997. He received his commission on November 12, 1997.[6] He assumed senior status on December 5, 2019.

Judge Marcus is a member of the Judicial Conference Committee on Federal-State Jurisdiction and has been the committee's chairman since 1992.[7]

Notable cases

In 2004, Marcus dissented when the court refused to rehear a case where the initial panel upheld a law banning LGBTQ couples from adopting children. The vote was 6–6, which warranted a denial of rehearing en banc. Marcus was joined by Gerald Bard Tjoflat and Charles R. Wilson, and Judges Barkett, Anderson, and Dubina filed separate dissents. [8]

Personal life

Marcus' wife is Judy. They have two children, Jonathan and Elizabeth. Jonathan is a medical professional in Rochester, NY. Judge Marcus is a known movie buff. Marcus teaches _Religion and the Constitution_ and _Trial Advocacy_ at Brooklyn Law School.[9]

[1]

[2] Judge Stanley Marcus,

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8] https://openjurist.org/377/f3d/1275/lofton-v-secretary-of-the-department-of-children-and-family-services-xi-x

[9] Brooklyn Law School, Adjunct Faculty, http://www.brooklaw.edu/faculty/adjunct/#93

title: Stanley Marcus (judge)

question: What does the article say about Marcus' legal expertise?

answer: Marcus first clerked for a United States District Judge, was then an Associate at a New York law firm, became Deputy Chief of the Detroit Strike Force, then United States Attorney for the Southern District of Florida, then nominated to federal Circuit Court judge.

critique: The answer omits Marcus's time as a District Judge.

critique: It's omitted that Marcus was nominated to the Circuit Court.

critique: The answer omits Marcus's time as a Circuit Court judge.

critique: It's omitted that Marcus' legal expertise is in Organized Crime and Racketeering.

critique: The answer omits Marcus's time as a United States District Judge.

critique: The answer should mention his specialty.

critique: The answer should mention Marcus' legal expertise.

question: What does the article say about Law & Order?

answer: No answer

critique: The response misses to mention that the article does not mention anything about Law & Order.


text:
The sun rose over the red and white tents of the annual Blockley fair. Arthur had successfully lost his sisters back at the Hall of Mirrors and finally had his chance to be alone. He rolled his sleeves up and strode through the green; he could remember many visits to this fair when he was a child. For a brief second Arthur allowed himself to smile, that time was soon over and he continued his trek. He knew exactly where he wanted to go. It was always the furthest attraction from the entrance, six hundred and four paces from the helter skelter when the Bucking Bronco was not erected. Every year of his childhood he had walked this path and now it was time to walk it again. The caravan was small and stained with years of neglect and carelessness. Arthur fixed the remainder of his hair in the window and knocked on the door. As if he had been expected the door opened before he could finish his third knock and the man hurried inside. A match hissed as it was struck and soon the room was filled with crimson light. The scent of cinnamon and roses hit him harder than he remembered and he was instantly brought back to when he was a boy. Arthur felt a tang of disappointment. The old, gnarly woman from his memories had been replaced by a younger woman. A different woman.
‘Pick one of my cards.’ The woman spoke softly, her voice overshadowed by the clinking of the charms on her shawl. Arthur placed his finger on the back of one of several cards placed before him. He knew this would be the one. The woman stopped him from turning it over, she felt the cool of his palms.
‘Why are you here?’ she asked.
‘To be honest I was expecting someone else.’ Arthur did not want to look her in the eyes. Her stare pierced the veil covering her face and searched every inch of Arthur’s skin. His fist clenched involuntarily, startling himself.
The woman handed him the card. ‘I see now what is going on inside your heart. You have a daughter and are sad about her. Is it boys? No. You had a daughter.’
Arthur turned the card over; he so desperately needed to know what it read yet he already knew. He placed the card upright on the shining, mahogany table. He winced as he saw the card, an ink road drawn over lined hills, connecting the bleached sun with the strong words ‘The Path’.
‘I see what happened. Tell me. What are you going to do about it?’ The woman’s voice hurt him more and more with every syllable.
‘I… I don’t know.’ Arthur spoke with a touch of defeat.
The sun crawled into his eyes as he left the caravan, a welcome distraction. The wind must have displaced his hair so he corrected it before starting the long walk back. He did not know what he was going to do; he did not know he was even supposed to do a thing. The aroma of peanut brittle quickly reminded him where he was, nothing here was real. He meticulously followed his string to the start of the labyrinth, there was no Minotaur stalking him, not one that anyone could see. After six hundred and four paces he was back to the heart of the fair. He was promptly spotted by his sisters, carrying oversized bears and small bags of nuts.
‘Where have you been, Arthur? You went to see that fortune teller didn’t you? Don’t get too hung up on it. It’s not real; we saw her grabbing a hot dog earlier. There’s not much hair left for you to lose anyway!’
Arthur nodded as he followed the girls around the green. Every step was getting harder to take. He wondered what had happened since he was a child, why life was so different to live. Arthur thought to himself as he wandered down the path, he did not know.

title: [RF] The Path

question: What is the attraction at the fair that has drawn Arthur since his childhood?

answer: The attraction is a caravan where a fortune teller lives.

critique: The answer should mention that the attraction is a fortune teller.

critique: The answer should include the name of the attraction.

critique: It is omitted that the attraction is six hundred and four paces from the helter skelter when the Bucking Bronco is not erected.

critique: The answer should mention that the caravan is a place of fortune-telling.

critique: The answer should mention the fortune teller's ability to see into the heart.

critique: It is omitted that the attraction is the fortune teller.

critique: It does not say in the text that the attraction is the fortune teller's caravan.

critique: The answer should mention that the fortune teller is the attraction.

question: What happens in the caravan?

answer: Arthur enters the caravan and the fortune teller reads his cards. She tells him that he has a daughter and is sad about her.

critique: The answer should mention that the fortune teller is a different person than the one Arthur remembers.

critique: It's omitted that the fortune teller tells Arthur that he has a daughter and doesn't know what to do about it.

critique: The fortune teller doesn't tell him that he has a daughter. She tells him that he had a daughter.

question: What happened to Arthur's daughter?

answer: The fortune teller tells Arthur that he has a daughter.

critique: The fortune teller doesn't tell Arthur anything. She just reads his cards.


text:
Strange Encounters

"It's weird officer, real weird." Mark Henderson was at the local police station in Alberton, Ontario on 4: 36am August 8th, 1951. Strangely enough, a building he's never seen, in a town he's never been to before, yet familiar.

"All right smooth talker, let's take it from the top once more. I know there's not much to it as you've continued to repeat but let's see if anything else pops out at you and then we will pay for your gas home." Officer Dan Richardson was becoming more and more tired with the story was hearing.

There just can't be anyway. Dan thought becoming more and more enraged within. The moment he walks out of here I'm just going to throw this case out. Hocus pocus my ass, what does he take me for, an idiot?! At best this is the best damn way to get free gas.

"Well like I said before, I had just filled up at half past 10pm, so I could drive out and get to the place that sells tobacco by the pound still..."

Yes, yes we all go out to New Market for cheaper cigarettes, not relevant.

"...and I was driving out to Bakersfield like I said,"
He didn't refer to it as Bakersfield before? The puzzled Officer thought.

"...on the way there I had to swerved out of the way of a truck with these god forsaken bright lights. I guess I was a bit sleepy Officer and woke up in the nick of time but after that I found myself just driving around an unfamiliar road.

I was having awful headaches, for a bit around that time too. Images that started accompanying them are hard to distinguish but almost always included me in a white setting... I don't know it sounds crazy now. Anyways, I pulled over till they subsided and drove straight here in hopes that you could help me figure out where I am so I can get home, but I still can't remember where that was again. Some rest will cure this forgetfulness. I feel like I've been up all night." Mark felt like that was all the information that he could give, he couldn't remember what town he lived in nor his wife or his phone number. He kind of felt a helpless feeling fall over him.

"We'll now that you've told us where you were driving to we can call that regions station and see if there is a match to your name anywhere close to there. It should only take a few hours."

Not long after that another Office came into the room and asked if Officer Dan could speak with him for a moment.
What did the results turn up Frank?

"He wasn't lying when he said things were weird. It turns out that there isn't  even a Bakersfeild anywhere near here. In fact, you have to drive 14 hours north to get to a small town called Bakersfeild." Officer Frank said as he started to debrief.

"...here's where things get truly disturbing. When we searched his name through the local police department Mark has a missing person out because his wife...."

"Wow, his wife sure gets worried quickly. Seems a bit much don't you think he's only been gone for half a day at most. Can't remember his name or town he lives in, probably doesn't remember setting out on a road trip. Likely to get away from her if she's that crazy." Office Dan remarked crudely as if this was all an elaborate funny joke.

"If you'd let me finish, his wife reported him missing August 8th, 1950, sir. This was reported after she spent a full day returning home from a place that was 8 hours away from their town. She reported being in the passenger seat of a driverless car after being at a gas station for an unknown reason. All she could remember before waking up was that there was a blinding white light that she couldn't help but look at. It actually says 'forced' in the report." Frank said growing more and grimmer as he read from the file between his trembling hands.

Officer Dan, started to sit in the closest seat he could find. He couldn't believe that Mark was 14 hours away from home. That would make his whole time scale false. Not to mention the fact that he has been missing for a full year, a full year exactly he would later realize.

He began to think about the crazy aspects of them all, his wife's story at the time; driverless cars, being at a gas station for no reason, it all makes sense now, only after hearing Marks story.

"Sir there is one more thing in the reports." Frank said with a grave look in his eyes.

"What more could it be?"

"The wife had three cuts into her skin going the length of her back; she said that's the first appearance  of them in her life. It was like they were skillfully cut as the doctors said there was no way any doctor could stitch a cut that clean without some kind of pain. She reported none."

"All right Frank thanks for all the intel." Dan has a hard enough time giving gratitude in the first place and was finding it particularly challenging to give it with what he just learned.

The door opens to the interrogation; with it brought an energy that mimetic death. Officer Dan began relaying the frightening news to Mark, which still hasn't sunk in, himself.
"One last thing before we send you on your way home to your wife, if you will Mark. Your wife reported three cuts on her back that she had never seen before that night. Could you remove your shirt and pants please, I just want to know if we should have medical look at you first." Officer Dan asked Mark in the most genuine and sincere way he could.

"No problem Sir, it was starting to itch a bit anyways. It'll be nice to readjust it." Mark said in a cheerful way. For he sees this all as a blessing. Finally, he can see his wife and start the laughing process.

As Office Dan brought his coffee cup down from a big deep, delicious gulp, the liquid left his mouth as fast as it came in. in one fellow motion Office Dan vomited, dropped his cup, and tripped on his own two feet.

With his eyes wide open from shock; he gazed at a man whose skin, from head to toe, was scalped. Only his muscles were visible. Each and every muscle strand picked clean of its protective layer of skin. No blood was seeping through, it was as if there was its own invisible skin that covered him. Which is likely why he hasn't miraculously died.

As Mark turned around to confront a mirror, the last thing to pass through his mind was his beautiful wife; he pictured the way her soft cherry red hair flowed over her shoulders like a creek over an edge. Her rosy cheeks gently glowing in the sun. It was comforting to his mind to have such a lovely mental image cross it because once his  eyes focused on the mirror, his hideously deformed body sent his body into a trauma that it couldn't handle and  at  10:29PM August 8th Mark Henderson collapsed dead.

As for Dan Richardson, well he wishes that the story ended there.

title: [SF] Strange Encounters

question: Summarize the source of tension in the story.

answer: At the beginning of the story, a man named Mark shows up at the police station with nobody having any idea of where he came from or why he is there. He seems disoriented, but appears to hold on to his identity, at least at the beginning. As he tells his story, it's revealed that he stated getting lost three years earlier. It appears his wife was in the car with him at that time, as she reported a similar scenario, however, she was missing for a year.

critique: The answer is incorrect. Mark was missing for a year, not three years.

critique: It is omitted that when Officer Dan questions the man to remove his shirt and reveals that he is missing his skin. (And metal rods are instead what supports his muscles.)

critique: The response inaccurately mentions that Mark's wife was missing for three years, however it was only a year.

critique: The answer is incorrect. Mark's wife was not in the car with him three years ago. She was in the car with him the night he disappeared.

critique: This is incorrect. The woman was missing for a year and the story happened in 1951, not three years earlier.

critique: The story does not state that Mark stated getting lost three years earlier.

critique: The story does not state that Mark got lost three years earlier.

critique: The response inaccurately mentions that Mark stated getting lost three years earlier, however he was missing for a year.


text:
“Hey, dad.” I said slipping into the barstool next to him. I slapped him on the shoulder and cupped my hand around the beer he had ordered while waiting for me. I took a long sip.

“What's up, dude?”

'dude' it's been my dad's nickname for me for as long as I can remember.

“Not much,” I said and we settled into a chat about work and politics and news. The normal launching off point for us. Syria is screwed; people aren't smart enough to govern themselves; did you hear about this new band; my manager is an ass. It was the normal stuff we talked about. Everything external, everything observational and opinionated. We never really talked much about how we were feeling. Rarely was a word spoken about aspirations or desires. We talked about the absolute instead.

The conversation started to petter off after we covered all of the major news points and new revelations that have happened since the last time we did this. We sat in silence for a little bit, but it was a comfortable silence. One that felt more like being surrounded by complete, utter stillness not some vacuous empty; one that doesn't need or even want words; a clarifying moment of simply being there; not posturing or posing for the other person, but simply settling into a comforting complete sense of being.

My mind started to wander as we sat there. Nowhere far away. My mind simply meandered around the edges of the conversation we just had and studied the connections there between us and my father. Suddenly I was struck with a memory. One from a long time ago when I was probably 10 or so. It was a memory I've had a million times before, one of those floating fragments of life that remind us we were alive before yesterday. I realized it was a memory that I had been having more and in in recent weeks.

“Hey, dad?” I said uncomfortably pushing my glass onto it's edge. Just to the point where the beer threaten to dribble out onto the bar top, but not quite.

“What's up, dude?”

“Do you remember when I was a kid and you bought me a bow and arrow? You know, that one from the indian reservation or where ever it was we always went on school trips?”

He laughed a little, lost in fog. “Of course. You were so excited for that thing. You had me tape a target onto a cardboard box and set it up in the backyard as soon as we got home. You wouldn't take no for an answer. I couldn't stop you even though the sun was about to go down and you weren't going to be able to see shit.”

We both smiled a little; realizing in our own ways just how long we've been friends and reveling in that wonderful realization that between the both of us, by combining our two memories, we were forming a sort of tangible three-dimensional view of that old reverberating thought. It was like that chilly night was happening again. I could smell the honey suckle that grew across the edge of the yard and the chemical smell of chlorine drifting on the breeze from our neighbor Joy's pool.

“Do you remember what happened after you set it up?” I broke eye contact with him and broke our parallax recreation of the far off evening. For some reason I was anxious about what he might say. Or, maybe not anxious, but scared.

He searched through the drawers of his memory for a moment. His eyes flicked upward as he flipped through the card catalogue filled with millions of shards of shared life that we had in the backyard, but, finally conceding, “no,” he said.

“It's weird. I don't know why, but I do. In fact it's been on my mind a lot lately and I can't figure it out.

“You set up the target for me in the back of the house, near that old tan and orange rusty swing-set. You got the box positioned right between the two swings on the ground. You walked up to me, reminded me to be safe and went straight in the house.

“I took a few shots at the target. The arrows whizzed by the box not leaving a mark. I looked around at the darkness that started across the lawn.

The light was turning all purple and orange. That old tree I used to climb, I think it was a japanese maple. You know, the one with the red leaves. They sparkled so bright that time of night. But by this point that wonderous light was starting to fade into a relaxed deep purple. I looked around, but I wasn't watching the sunset, I was looking for you. It had been a few minutes since you went inside. I figured you'd come right back out, but you didn't. You just sat down and had a beer. You sat down with mom, and maybe one of her friends, at the kitchen table and had a beer. I think it was a beer. And even though that is such an inconsequential decision for some reason, me, as a child, was heartbroken by it.

'I walked over to the box and plunged the arrow right into the bullseye. I picked up the box. I walked over to the house. I swung open the kitchen door and I said 'Look! I got a bullseye.'

I thought this would get you out of the house, get you to come outside, convince you to come play with me but it didn't. You congratulated me, patted my head. All the things that can reasonably be expected from a dad. Maybe you made a joke about me being the next Robin hood. Mom and her friend hemmed and hawed. But it wasn't enough.

'I think, after that, I broke down and cried. It all gets fuzzy. All I remember clearly after that is the disappointment, but I think I cried. I don't know if you saw it. I don't even know if it happened. Maybe that's just what I remember now.”

I looked at my dad. He looked deep in thought, like he didn't know what to say. I kept going.

“And what I just realized, right now while I was telling this story, is why i've been thinking about that memory so much lately. That's still what i'm still doing every day. But now it's not a box in the backyard I'm using, it's my whole life. I do it with my career and with my hobbies. I do it with my girlfriends and with my tone of voice. I think it's why I work so hard. I think it's why I've been so successful. And do you know what the bitch of it is? I still don't know if that's a good thing or not.”

title: Bullseye

question: Summarize what has led the narrator to want to meet with his father tonight.

answer: The narrator has been thinking about his childhood and how he was disappointed by his father. He wants to talk to his father about it.

critique: The narrator is not thinking about his childhood. He is thinking about his childhood.

critique: The narrator is not meeting with his father to discuss his childhood.

critique: The narrator is not talking about his childhood.

critique: We don't know why the narrator is meeting his father.

critique: The narrator wants to talk to his father about his childhood, but it is not the only reason he wants to meet with his father tonight.

critique: The narrator is not meeting with his father to talk about his childhood.

critique: The narrator's childhood is not the only thing he has been thinking about.

critique: The narrator is not meeting with his father tonight.

question: Summarize the relationship between the father and son.

answer: The father and son have a relationship that is not very close. They do not talk about their feelings or aspirations. The father's nickname for the son is "dude". The son is heartbroken when the father doesn't play with him.

critique: It's omitted that the son feels that he is trying to impress his father.

critique: The son is not heartbroken when the father doesn't play with him. He is heartbroken because the father didn't play with him.

critique: It's omitted that the son is disappointed because the father didn't play with him when he was a kid.

critique: The father's nickname for the son is "dude" because he is a father.

critique: The father's nickname for the son is "dude" is not relevant to the question.

critique: The father's nickname for the son is "dude" because he is a father and the son is his son.

critique: "The father's nickname for the son is "dude"." - is inaccurate. The father calls his son "dude" but he also has other nicknames.

question: Explain what the son is hoping this conversation will do for his relationship with his father.

answer: The son is hoping that this conversation will help him to understand why he has been thinking about this memory so much lately. He is hoping that this conversation will help him to understand why he has been so successful in his life.

critique: The answer is not clear about the relationship between the narrator's life and the memory.

critique: The answer gives an inaccurate meaning for the son's reason for talking about the memory.

critique: The answer is incorrect. The son is not hoping to understand why he has been thinking about this memory so much lately. He is hoping to understand why he has been so successful in his life.

critique: The underlined phrase is inaccurate and adds no value to the response.

critique: The answer is not clear on what the son is hoping to get out of the conversation.

critique: The answer is not clear about what the son is hoping to understand.

question: Summarize the principle and the secondary sources of tension in this article.

answer: The principle source of tension is the narrator's relationship with his father. The narrator is trying to figure out why he has been thinking about this memory so much lately. The secondary source of tension is the narrator's relationship with his father.

critique: The secondary source of tension is not the narrator's relationship with his father.

critique: "The secondary source of tension" sentences do not make sense and should be removed.

critique: The secondary source of tension is not the same as the principle source.


text:
AMA SUMANI (28 August 1965 – 19 March 2008) was a Ghanaian woman who was expelled from the United Kingdom to Ghana after overstaying her visa while she was suffering from a terminal form of bone marrow cancer and receiving dialysis treatment. It was reported that her expulsion caused her to go without a drug that could have prolonged her life, a drug not available in her native Ghana.[1][2]

Background

Ama Sumani, a mother of two,[3] first came to Wales in 2003 with a visitor's visa. According to her solicitor, with the hopes of getting a degree in economics, she quickly applied for a change in visa status to a student visa and attempted to stay in the U.K. by enrolling in a banking course at a local college in the Cardiff area.[4] Her lack of English language skills and poor educational level prevented her from enrolling. She returned to Ghana in 2005 to attend memorial services for her dead husband, but upon returning the UK, her student visa had been revoked. She was permitted to return to Wales under temporary admission assuming she adhered to certain conditions. She eventually violated those requirements by failing to maintain contact with immigration officials and elusive behavior in moving without updating her contact information.[5][6]

Her illness

By January 2006, she was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a cancer affecting the bone marrow. By January 2008, the aggressive cancer replicated and led to other serious health problems, namely kidney failure. After she refused a medically recommended transplant operation, doctors began kidney dialysis treatment, in order to prolong her life. Despite the pleas of solicitors working on behalf of Sumani, the Home Office of the United Kingdom ruled that due to Sumani “knowingly overstaying her visa”, she was to be “removed the country”. Sumani and her representatives pleaded for compassion, noting she could not afford dialysis treatment in Ghana, which would have cost £2,400 upfront to continue her treatment for three months.[7]

On 9 January 2008, Sumani was removed from University Hospital of Wales in Cardiff and transported to Accra, in her native homeland Ghana.[8] Sumani's situation had drawn international media coverage and would soon become a major cause célèbre in both the UK, the Netherlands and Ghana due to her near terminal deteriorating health condition.[9] Officials noted her forced migration was not a 'deportation' because an expired visa merits void legal status in the UK.[10]

Controversy

In an editorial, the _Lancet_, a British medical journal, decried the decision and wrote, “The UK has committed an atrocious barbarism ... [I]t is time for doctors' leaders to say so – forcefully and uncompromisingly.”[11] Church leaders in Wales, including Archbishop Dr. Barry Morgan and several other bishops were similarly upset, calling Sumani's removal a “breach of her basic human rights”.[12] Mrs. Sumani's solicitor said she accepted her removal was fair but said they had made representations on her behalf on compassionate grounds.[13]

In the wake of public criticism, Home Office representative Lin Homer defended its actions, stating that Sumani's case, while difficult, was not exceptional. She noted, “We deal with many hundreds of cases where the personal circumstances reach and touch the people involved. It is one of the things that makes being a caseworker in the agency a difficult job”.[14]

Sumani's health deteriorated after the removal, as she had not received dialysis treatment for several days after her arrival in Ghana. An anonymous donation of £3,000 was sent by a Dutch resident in Cardiff, and by 20 January 2008, Sumani had begun receiving dialysis treatment.[15] A charitable fund for Sumani's medical expenses was established, and as of February 2008 £30,000 had been donated to the fund. Trudie Styler was reported to have donated £10,000 into the fund.[16]

Death

Despite the kidney dialysis treatments, she was not able to access a supply of thalidomide, a drug that might have prolonged her life.[17] Donors had reportedly raised £70,000 toward her treatments and were able to find doctors in Britain and South Africa to treat her. News of the upcoming treatments reached Sumani on the morning of 18 March 2008.[18] Sumani died in Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra the next day, on 19 March 2008.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

title: Ama Sumani

question: Summarize Sumani's illness.

answer: Sumani had multiple myleoma, which is a cancer that affects the bone marrow. This disease eventually led to Sumani having kidney failure and it caused other serious health conditions. The doctors previously recommended she have a transplant, but Sumani refused.

critique: The answer should mention that she was removed from the UK and that she died.

question: Summarize Sumani's immigration status.

answer: Sumani first came to Wales in 2003 with a visitor's visa. She quickly applied for a change in visa to a student visa but could only receive temporary admittance. She was still in the country when she received a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, and her kidney function later deteriorated. She was deported in 2008, despite suffering from a terminal form of bone marrow cancer and kidney failure, because she had illegally overstayed her timeframe. After some public outcry, she was able to begin receiving kidney dialysis treatment, but died soon after. Her situation had drawn international media attention.

critique: "She was still in the country when she received a diagnosis of multiple myeloma, and her kidney function later deteriorated." - this is irrelevant and should be deleted.

text: The last two sentences are irrelevant and should be omitted.

category: coherence

question: What does the text say about Sumani's parents?

answer: No answer

critique: The text does not mention anything about Sumani's parents.

critique: The answer should mention that the text does not mention anything about Sumani's parents.

critique: The text mentions that she is a mother of two.


text:
I'm well into mid-life, have earned both kinds of bachelor's degrees--arts and science--and have given countless presentations as part of this education, as well as through my workin corporate communications. Yet, public speaking has never been something I enjoy doing, mostly because it feels like my nerves wreck everything.

I just finished a book which may be an antidote to my awkwardness in front of a group. In "Five Stars: The Communication Secrets to Get From Good to Great," bestselling author Carmine Gallo lays out exactly how to tell a compelling story, which he explains is the cornerstone of any good pitch, presentation or interview.

While I tell stories on a page all the time, presenting to an audience in-person is an entirely different animal. The written medium is editable, but you've only got one shot when you're talking to a roomful of faces, or even when you're selling yourself or an idea to someone one-on-one.

You need good stories to rock an interview

Gallo tells many stories throughout his book, including that of former poker champion Haseeb Qureshi, who became a millionaire playing cards, but left the game behind to go to Silicon Valley where he learned to code in a year and set off to get hired by a tech company. While he didn't have the kind of talent or experience of others competing for the jobs he was going after, what he did well was perfect his compelling story--the one which was so good it set of a frenzy of offers from the likes of Yelp, Google, Uber and Stripe. The best offer, and the one he accepted, was from Airbnb and worth $250,000 a year. Qureshi's advice for crafting your story:

  Consider yourself a character in a story and structure the story with a beginning, middle and end. There should be inflection points, characters, and easy-to-understand motivations. Keep it as short as possible, while preserving the color that makes you interesting. When they ask, 'Tell us about a challenging bug you faced and how you solved it?,' tell a story.

Gallo writes that Qureshi practiced the stories he used in interviews over and over, recorded himself doing it and got feedback from others.

A good story doesn't blather on

Gallo discusses the reason TED Talks don't go past 18 minutes--anything longer is a recipe for audience boredom. In fact, some of the best stories are much, much shorter. Many of the ones he cites in the book can be delivered in about a minute. "One of the challenges with storytelling is keeping the audience's attention without putting them to sleep with a long, ponderous story," he writes. "Details are vital, but it takes practice and feedback to keep your stories compelling and brief."

Your story needs tension, struggle and a happy ending

Gallo describes the classic three-act storytelling structure, which involves three parts: the set-up, the confrontation and the resolution. It's a framework commonly used in Hollywood screenwriting, as well as in the startup world wherein founders sell their stories to elicit buy-in from investors, customers and consumers. Take Airbnb CEO Brian Chesky. While Gallo takes a couple of pages to script the story, basically it comes down to:

_THE SETUP_: Two friends in San Francisco need money, rent out a couple of air mattresses on their floor and decide to turn the idea into a business.

_THE CONFLICT_: Chesky has no money for food, loses 20 pounds and vacillates between stress and overconfidence in the idea of people renting out their couches and bedrooms to strangers. Investors walk away from the opportunity to own 20 percent of the now $30 billion company for only $100,000.

_THE RESOLUTION_: Even after missing the deadline for application (more tension), Airbnb gets into the highly selective Silicon Valley accelerator Y Combinator.

This strategy which keeps an audience in suspense and includes tension, struggle and a happy ending, triggers a release of oxytocin in listeners' brains, Gallo writes.

I could highlight several other storytelling principles Gallo includes in the book, but you're probably better off reading through the whole thing yourself. Of the many self-improvement books I've read in the last six months, this one is hands-down the most helpful, at least for someone like me who doesn't see herself as a naturally gifted orator.

question: Summarize what the author of this review thinks are the highlights of "Five Stars: The Communication Secrets to Get from Good to Great".

answer: The author feels this book is the most helpful when it comes to public speaking and storytelling. The author highlights the keynote stories the book offers, or at least the principles of such stories.

critique: The author doesn't highlight the keynote stories, but rather the principles of storytelling.

critique: The author is not the only one who thinks this book is helpful.

critique: The author's opinion is not the highlight of the book.

critique: The author doesn't highlight the stories, but the principles of storytelling.

critique: The author didn't highlight the keynote stories but rather the principles of the stories.

critique: The author does not highlight the keynote stories, but the principles of storytelling.

critique: The key point is the author's lack of confidence, not the book's effectiveness

critique: The author does not highlight the stories, but the principles of storytelling.

question: Describe the stages of good storytelling.

answer: The author describes the first stage as the set-up, the second as the middle, and the third as the resolution. Defining these terms is essential for understanding how to craft an attention-grabbing story. The set-up is the part of the story that frames the narrative. The middle is where the conflict is introduced, and the resolution is where the conflict is resolved.

critique: There is no third stage called "the resolution". This should be omitted.

critique: The answer is very confusing and hard to read.

critique: The answer is a summary of the article, not a description of the stages of good storytelling.

critique: The answer is inaccurate. The author does not define the terms.

critique: This is a good answer, but it can be improved. The first stage is the setup, the second is the confrontation, and the third is the resolution.

question: Explain the author's (of this article) intention in writing this review.

answer: The author wants to sell the book, "Five Stars: The Communication Secrets to Get From Good to Great," which they believe is an antidote to public speaking woes.

critique:
This informs the reader of the book the author is selling and the intention of the author, but it should be in a separate statement.
The shared purpose of the book and the review is to encourage the reader to read the book.

critique: The book is not sold, it is being reviewed.

critique: The answer could be clearer in its pronoun use.

critique: The author is not trying to sell the book.

question: Summarize how this text relates to public speaking.

answer: This text relates to public speaking because it gives readers tips and tricks on how to speak in front of a group.

critique: The text doesn't give tips and tricks on how to speak in front of a group. It gives tips and tricks on how to tell a compelling story.

critique: The text does not give tips and tricks on how to speak in front of a group.

critique: The article doesn't give tips and tricks on public speaking, it gives a book that can give tips and tricks on public speaking.

critique: The answer is too vague. It should give more details about what the text says about public speaking.

critique: The answer should mention the book being discussed.

critique:
It misses to mention that the text gives a lot of pointers on the general state of storytelling and how messages are better conveyed when structured as a story narrative. It is suggested that bad presentations can be avoided or fixed when the speaker is able to put together a compelling story.

It should include in the response what the title of the book being promoted is, which is Five Stars: The Communication Secrets to Get From Good to Great.


text:
-    BACK
-   Home
-   Get involved
-   Campaign with us
-   International Walk to School Month

October is International Walk to School Month

Ways to celebrate International Walk to School Month

Recommend Living Streets to your local school!

Want to help more children walk to school?

WOW - our year-round walk to school challenge increases walking rates by 23% on average, with a 30% reduction in cars going up to the school gates - all for just around £2 per pupil per year! It's an affordable way to create a habit worth keeping.

But does your local school know?

Take just a few seconds and use our online form and send them an email urging them to work with us this International Walk to School Month.

Email your local school

[walk to school]

[Knowing walking protects planet]

CHILDREN WHO WALK TO SCHOOL ARE MORE AWARE OF THE NEGATIVE IMPACTS OF MOTOR TRAFFIC

Children who walk to school are more engaged with their streets and aware of the impact of cars than those who don’t, suggests new research released for the launch of International Walk to School Month.

Our poll results

Five-day Walking Challenge

Our FIVE-DAY WALKING CHALLENGE is the perfect activity to celebrate International Walk to School Month - ORDER NOW AND START YOUR CHALLENGE ANY WEEK THAT SUITS YOUR SCHOOL.

This FIVE-DAY WALKING CHALLENGE for primary school classes is a fun and engaging week-long activity, built to make pupils experience first-hand the importance of walking to school. Each pupil will be challenged to walk, cycle, scoot or PARK AND STRIDE TO SCHOOL EVERY DAY FOR ONE WEEK using our interactive wallchart and stickers to log their journeys.

[WTSW shareable]

FIND OUT MORE

Happy Shoesday

Happy Shoesday is our fundraising event, raising money to create safer streets for all. Start the new school year with the right step - register to receive your free fundraising pack and run the event any day of this month-long celebration. On the day, children walk to school in their happy shoes and donate a SUGGESTED DONATION OF £1 towards our charitable work to create safer streets for all.

SIGN YOUR SCHOOL UP TODAY and help raise funds for Living Streets who have been working to make streets safer for all since 1929.

WHY IS FUNDRAISING FOR ROAD SAFETY SO URGENT?
More than a third of parents’ biggest concern is overcrowding at the school gates. In 2018, 58% of children killed on our roads were pedestrians. We need to make our streets safer for children walking.

[Happy Shoesday]

REGISTER YOUR SCHOOL

how you can help more children walk to school

[strider]

Schools

Find out about our groundbreaking Walk to School challenges.

Walk to School

[Insta kids]

Policy makers

Our report contains 21 recommendations for prioritising and promoting walking to school.

Download our report - pdf

We spoke to fellow walking experts in Australia and Canada.

[Map of Australia]

In Australia, projects that encourage whole communities to walk more, creating busier, more vibrant streets, are a key approach to getting more children walking to school.

Walking to school in Australia

[Map of Canada]

In Canada, harsh winter weather can be a major obstacle - but imaginative schemes like 'Winter Walking Days' (with hot chocolate rewards!) are proving effective.

Walking to school in Canada

  As kids, we enjoyed walking to school because it was fun. Now, as adults, we understand all the additional reasons that active school travel is so important. It allows children to get to know their neighbourhoods, get exercise, and improve their concentration levels at school.

Walk to school success stories from closer to home...

question: What does the text say about the five-day walking challenge?

answer: The five-day walking challenge is a week-long activity that challenges pupils to walk, cycle, scoot, or park and stride to school every day for one week. Pupils can use an interactive wallchart and stickers to log their journeys. The challenge is a fun and engaging week-long activity that makes pupils experience the importance of walking to school.

critique: The answer should mention that the challenge is for primary school classes.

critique: The article does not stipulate why the walking challenge asks children to walk, cycle, scoot or park and stride to school every day for a week.

critique: The answer should mention the suggested donation.


text:
Proctor was lying down somewhere. He didn't know how he got there. The last memory he could think of was that he was driving down his road. He couldn't remember much else. His memories were hazy; He couldn't think straight. Just as these thoughts were going through his head, someone began to shake his arm.
“Hello? Are you okay? Are you awake?” He heard the voice say.
Proctor sat up, and opened his eyes. He realized now that he was in a large grassy field. The sun was just overhead, a large tree stood just in front of him, and the stranger was standing in front of the tree.
“My name is Royce, can you remember your name?”
“Yes, It’s…”
Proctor stopped himself. Although Royce seemed friendly enough, but there was something odd about the question he had asked. “How did you know I was having trouble with my memory?” He said.
Royce began to look confused,  “I don’t know. I guess you did wake up unconscious in the middle of a field.”
	“That makes sense.” he thought out loud, “my name’s Proctor since you asked.”
“Proctor, of course” Royce didn't sound very surprised.
	“Okay,” he said confused and slightly agitated, “Well since you know so much, can you tell me where we are?”
	Royce looked around the field, up at the tree and then back at Proctor. “Well, by appearance I’d say we’re in a field in front of a castle. But I can’t really say anything beyond that. I woke up just a few seconds before you did. I can’t remember much either.”
	“Where is this castle? I don’t see it?”
	“Well it’s… Just over that hill.”
	Proctor turned around and saw that there was indeed a very large hill. It surprised him that he didn't see it before, but maybe his mind was playing tricks on him. It took him a few minutes to climb up the hill and he was slightly out of breath when he reached the top. But as Royce had said, there was a castle about a mile away. It was made of stone, like most castles would be, it had a large wooden door, plenty of towers, and it looked like it was about four stories high. He ran to the bottom of the hill, going a bit faster since gravity was no longer working against him.
	Royce was standing in the same spot he had left him in. He was still staring at the hill. “I saw the castle right where you said it was. Do you think we should head over there? They might be able to help us with our memory.”
	“Yeah that would be a good idea,” Royce said as he continued to stare at the hill “It would also provide shelter for when it starts to rain.”
	Proctor looked up. The sky was completely covered with clouds and he could hear thunder in the distance.
	Royce seemed less suspicious now that he got to know him. They actually had quite a bit in common. They were about the same age, had similar interests and they both remember driving a car before they ended up in the field. There was however one deviation. Royce seemed to have ESP. Proctor could remember a few instances where Royce had repeated things that he had never said out loud, and then there was that hill. Could he really have climbed all the way to the top to see the castle and then ran back down before waking him up? He had said earlier that he woke up a few seconds before he did and he didn't sound like he was out of breath.
	The rain came just a few minutes before they reached the castle. Up close, Proctor could see that the castle was very rundown. The door had rotted away and he couldn't make out what was inside. He debated with himself whether or not it was a good idea to go in. But after hearing a loud crash of thunder nearby, he decided that electrocution would be a more painful death than stabbing.
	Upon entering the castle it was plain to be seen that it had been abandoned for quite some time. The skeletons of rats lay on the ground as if they had run out of food to scavenge for. The only sound they could hear were the sounds of rain and thunder outside, and the flowing of the many streams that ran through the lower parts of the castle.
The outer rooms of the castle showed signs of abandonment, but rooms further in… were different. A great battle had once taken place in there. Skeletons were all over the ground. They held spears, swords, and shields. Walls were broken down, there were claw marks on the floor and ceiling, and the furniture that wasn't broken in these rooms, was burned.  The destruction was everywhere, but it wasn't so bad that it ruined the structural integrity of the castle. Most of the major support beams were still in place and they were handling the extra weight pretty well.
“I think a dragon is bit more dangerous than getting struck by lightning!” Royce said panicking.
“A lot more,” said Proctor, “do you think we could get out before it notices us?”
As if to answer his question a giant mechanical dragon crashed through the ceiling right above their only exit. Steam came out of the many pipes on its back and its eyes glowed red from the flames that were now shooting from its mouth. Proctor remained frozen in place, both from shock at the dragon’s sudden appearance and shock from its appearance. Royce spoke up knocking him out of his stupor, “its name is Koshmar,” he said. “it is programmed to kill all who trespass.”
The dragon shook the rubble from its body and lunged forward. Proctor dove to the left, just barely avoiding the swipe of one of its claws. The beast ran straight for the wall and Crawled up it. It twisted around and shot a couple of fireballs. Proctor grabbed a shield from one of the skeletons, but saw that he didn't need it. Koshmar was directing all of its attacks at Royce. Proctor dropped his shield and replaced it with a spear. He ran toward the dragon in an attempt to stab one of its eyes. He didn't make it very far though and was sent flying by a lazy swipe of its tail. He landed near the window and could see Koshmar was shooting fireballs once again. Thunder crashed outside, and lightning struck in the distance…
Wait a second? There was something very illogical about what was going on here. Just an hour earlier he had noticed that the sun was directly overhead and not a cloud was in the sky, but now he was in the middle of a huge thunder storm! And when he woke up there wasn't a hill in sight, but he had crossed over one to see the castle! Now that he was thinking of the castle, didn't it have a wooden door when he first saw it? And what about the thunder! Doesn't thunder usually come after lightning? Where was he? Was he in some alternate dimension that was ruled by mechanical Russian dragons? Then the answer hit him. The dragon, its name was Koshmar. Koshmar is the Russian word for nightmare. He was dreaming! All he had to do was wake himself up, and this nightmare would end.
Proctor thought he was in a dream, and in a way, he was right. Moments later Royce woke up in a hospital bed, and Proctor… ceased to exist.

title: The caretaker

question: What does the story say about dreams?

answer: Proctor believes he is in a dream, and he is.

critique: This answer misrepresents the ending of the story in that it takes something out of context and gets the overall meaning wrong. It also doesn't explain Proctor's thoughts about not being sure if he's awake or in a dream and realizing the truth at the end.

critique: The answer should mention that the story is a dream.

critique: The answer should mention that Proctor is dreaming and Royce is not.

critique: This response is incorrect and needs to be re-written.

critique: The answer should mention that Proctor is in a nightmare.

critique: The answer should mention that Proctor is dreaming in the story.

critique: The answer should include the dream's nature in this story.

question: What does the story say about Proctor's relationship with Royce?

answer: Proctor and Royce seem to be strangers who have met in a dream. They both know each other from before, and they have a lot in common. The two of them share the same age and interests. Royce also seems to have ESP, proving that Proctor is dreaming. Proctor is a bit suspicious of Royce because he can't remember the last time he was awake. Proctor and Royce both wonder if they are in a dream, and Royce eventually wakes up in a hospital bed, and Proctor ceases to exist.

critique: The answer should mention that Royce appears to be Proctor's nightmare.

question: What does the story say about Koshmar?

answer: Somehow, Royce and Proctor travel to Koshmar's lair. In their dream state, the dragon shoots fireballs and launches it against its targets. Lightning strikes in the background and thunder crashes loudly. The dragon gave chase, trying to kill its enemies. The dream ends for Royce, who wakes up in a hospital, but Proctor tosses it a carrot, causing the dream to go on, with him as the target.

critique: "It is hopeless to run" is evidence that koshmar chased Proctor and Royce. It wasn't chasing Proctor or ejecting fireballs at them.

question: What does the story say about Royce's ESP abilities?

answer: Royce seems to have ESP abilities. He can repeat things that Proctor has never said out loud. He can also see things that Proctor can't. Royce tells Proctor that he woke up just a few seconds before he did and he wasn't out of breath. Proctor sees that Royce is right about the castle being a mile away and the hill that he climbed to see it.

critique: The story doesn't say anything about Royce's ESP abilities.

critique: Royce does not actually mention the hill he climbed to see the castle.

critique: The answer should mention the hill that Royce climbed to see the castle.

critique: Royce's ESP should be mentioned with the instances when he sees things and not about the hill.


text:
Matt D'Amico
Mr. Cusick
Creative Writing
25 Feburary 2013

The year is 2175, forty years after the Great War. The war that shaped the New World into what it is now, a emotionless, unimaginative nation where its inhabitants only goal is for “the betterment of the country and for our great ruler President Samuel Hudson”. The people are brainwashed into working, not for pay, but for the privilege of life. And when they go home they sit, mindlessly, in front of their television taking in the only channel that has been running for the past forty years, preaching to them and their kids about how perfect their life is. The government has stripped its people of all emotion, because with emotion comes ambition, and with ambition comes the want for a better life. It has filled the void of emotion with the “feeling” of national pride.

For the entire twenty-two years of his life George Huxley lived his life every other human being does, like a robot. He wakes up and puts on his gray jumpsuit, with the little name tag that read Mr. G. Huxley, that he got when he joined the workforce at the age of eighteen. Steps outside of his one bedroom apartment, and goes downstairs into the basement of his complex. This is where he works. All jobs are located in the same building as the apartment complexes as to prevent as much human interaction as possible. George’s job is manufacturing Infantile Joy Modules which are virtual reality helmets that are put on babies to silence their crying and allow the assigned caretakers to enjoy their television in peace. He is told by his supervisor how lucky he is to be working and living in this great country. This never sits well with George, but he doesn’t know why. After work he walks up the stairs to the lobby to get dinner. He eats at the same “restaurant” every day, President Samuel Hudson’s Food and Drink. He gets the same bland meal every day then proceeds back to his home. Back in his room, he pushes the power button of his television, but the T.V. doesn’t turn on. “Hmmm, that’s odd” he thinks to himself. He would go get a home supervisor to get it fixed but he is too tired and decides to sit down on the metal folding chair that he calls furniture. Sitting in the silence George is able to think to himself, something he hasn’t done for a very long time. He begins conjuring up images of his childhood days where he would be able to play with the other children. He finally goes to sleep with a feeling he has never felt before. A feeling that he and his fellow countrymen have been numb to for their entire existence. This feeling is happiness.

The next day at work when his supervisor says  how lucky he is to be working and living in this great country, he is very disturbed, but he doesn’t know why. After work he decides to skip dinner and goes straight home so he can be by himself in that wonderful silence. George begins longing for that silence every waking hour he is at work. He sees his co-workers blank stare and wants so badly to tell them what they are missing. That he has felt happiness, but he knows that they won’t understand because they haven’t felt anything for too long and more importantly he did not want to risk getting caught. He had heard stories of people that went crazy and started thinking for themselves. He heard about what the government did to those evil freethinkers, and knew that getting caught with these emotions wasn’t an option.

It has been a month since George’s television has broke, he is aware of the world around him and realizes what he must do. After work he stops at President Samuel Hudson’s Food and Drink. He sees that their is a new cashier. “Hello mam, I haven’t seen you working here before, are you new?” he asks. “Yes sir, this is my first day. I am so excited to be working for my terrific country.” She responds with a childlike excitement. “Very good” George replies. He reads her name tag Ms. Mary King. He gets the same tasteless meal then goes up to look for Ms. Mary Kings room. Because she is new he knows that her room will be somewhere on the bottom floor (the order of the floors go from the most experienced at the top to the neophytes at lower floors.) He finds the door that reads M. King and is able to walk straight into her room because crime is hardly an issue where one’s only occupation is work and television. Once in her room he is greeted by that sweet, freeing silence. He takes her T.V. and dismantles it rendering it useless, feeling something he has never felt before, accomplishment. After his task is complete he goes back down to the lobby There he sees Mary, with that same childlike wonder. He waits there until her shift is over then followers her to her room. Once he sees the door close he begins to walk down her hallway. He puts his ear on her door and hears her struggling to put her television on. “Hello, sir are you my floor’s supervisor?” she asks with a palpable frustration. “Yes, yes I am, what can I do for you?” he confidently responds. “My T.V. seems to be broken”. “Alright, let me take a look” and they both walk into the room. “I’m pressing the button but it won’t turn on” she says. “Mary... I am not the floor supervisor. My name is George Huxley.” George says not knowing how she will react. “Okay, George, but why did you say you were the supervisor?” she aks. “Listen Mary, I need to warn you about something, something unimaginable, something that humans haven’t been able to experience for a long, long time.” he preaches to her. Mary sees the genuine look of concern and something seen hasn’t seen in many people’s face. “I need to tell you of this before this country brainwashes you and your just another numb robot walking around with no drive or purpose.” he pleads. “Brainwash? Drive? Purpose?” she asks with a flurry of thoughts racing through her head. “Listen, I know this may all sound strange to you, I know you think that you live in a perfect world, but this world is far from perfect Mary. I need you to trust me. Do you trust me?” As he says this he reaches for her hand and when their hands touch she says, “I, I guess, what are we going to do though?” His eyes light up “I want you to sit and think, no television, and just think?” “Think? About what?” she asks, she has never heard of such a strange activity. “About anything, about how great your life was when you were a child, no cares, no worries, just you and your friends.” He gets up and walks towards the door, turns around and says “and remember, just because you are told to do something, and you see everyone else mindlessly following what they are told to do doesn’t mean they are right. The most important thing in this life is not the beloved country or the great ruler, it’s you.” He opens the door and walks out into the hallway. There are two colossal police officers, with blank stares waiting for him.

title: Just started writing, this is my first work. What do you think?

question: According to the passage, what are the reason(s) behind the government wanting people not to "feel"?

answer: To prevent dissatisfaction and ambition.

critique: It is omitted that the government wants to eliminate emotion to prevent ambition.

critique: This sentence also needs to feature the government's actions.

critique: The answer should mention the emotion of happiness.

critique: The reason given is to prevent ambition, not dissatisfaction.

critique: The answer could be more specific about what is preventing ambition.

critique: The answer should mention the specific emotion that is being targeted: emotions.

critique: The answer says to prevent dissatisfaction, but the correct answer is to prevent ambition.

critique: The answer is not stated in the passage.

critique: The answer should include the fact that the government controls everyone's emotion to prevent ambition, disruption, and dissent.

critique: The answer is missing the reason behind the government's desire to control people's emotions.

critique: Doesn't mention the reason for the brainwashing.

critique: "Ambition" is too vague a word. Change to "want for a better life".

critique: the reason is more to prevent ambition, with ambition comes the want for a better life

critique: The answer should mention the government's reason for wanting people not to feel.

critique: The answer should mention the reason for the government's actions.

text: The government has stripped its people of all emotion because with emotion comes ambition, and with ambition comes the want for a better life.

category: coverage

refinement: To prevent dissatisfaction and ambition.

question: According to the passage, what are the reason behind people being unable to think for themselves?

answer: The government forced people to become dull because ambition can bring them on the path to have a better life than what they are currently used to. A break in a T.V. gives George a sneak peek into the world outside his reality. He is able to start thinking and talking in cliché sentences that he is surprised he knows, even if he doubts himself.

critique: The answer misses to mention the brainwashing.

critique: He talks in cliché not because of a "sneak peek" but because he is no longer deprived of the ability to think

critique: There is no evidence in the passage that George is able to start thinking and talking in cliché sentences that he is surprised he knows, even if he doubts himself.

critique: This is not a reason for the inability to think for oneself.

critique: "He is able to start thinking and talking in cliché sentences that he is surprised he knows, even if he doubts himself. " - is irrelevant to the question and can be deleted.

critique: Remove the second sentence because it adds nothing to the answer

critique: The second sentence is irrelevant to the question.

critique: There is nothing in the story implying that their ability to think for themselves is linked to the break in their T.V. We don't know what clichés are. You are adding a lot of details that have little basis in the story.

critique: A lot of irrelevant information in the response.

critique: The answer is a bit confusing and doesn't answer the question.

critique: The part about cliché sentences shouldn't be included because it is not mentioned in the text.

critique: The answer is not relevant to the question.

critique: There is no evidence that George talks in clichés

text: The reason people can't think for themselves is that for the past 40 years, the government has been using TV to brainwash people into work, not for pay, but for the privilege of life. They go home and sit mindlessly in front of their television taking in the only channel that preaches to them and their kids about how perfect their lives are.

category: accuracy

refinement: The government forced people to become dull because ambition can bring them on the path to have a better life than what they are currently used to. A break in a T.V. gives George a sneak peek into the world outside his reality. He is able to start thinking and talking in cliché sentences that he is surprised he knows, even if he doubts himself.