text:
In little over 30 years the leading professional firms have grown from cottage industries to global, multimillion-pound businesses. What has driven this change? In this article I look back to chart the 6 ages of transformation.

AGE 1 – EXPANSION INTO NEW MARKETS

Market deregulation allowed growth and internationalism in a way that had not been possible before. The use of the Swiss Verein structure allowed more international collaborations and the arrival of the LLP in the early 2000s gave a further boost by allowing partners to control their exposure to risk to a greater degree.

As firms grew in size and developed more diverse services for their clients, they adopted governance structures with a stronger corporate flavour. This provided greater management oversight to ensure greater consistency and better financial management.

[]

Six Ages of Innovation

AGE 2 – SECTOR FOCUS

The next innovation wave was the development of the matrix structure that married together technical disciplines with a focus on industry sectors. This created a change in the way that professionals took their expertise to clients, including physically sitting together in sector groups.

AGE 3 – REDUCING COST OF SERVICE DELIVERY THROUGH ‘UN-BUNDLING’

The global financial crisis was the catalyst for more change. As clients became increasingly cost conscious, firms looked for ways to cut the cost of service delivery. Most tightened up on their project management and pricing. Others took more radical steps such as off-shoring routine work to low cost centres and utilising different types of resource such as freelancers and non-qualified staff.  They ‘un-bundled’ typical client processes such as an M&A deal to work out the best resourcing model for each component part. Although some firms feared these innovations would be seen as commoditizing the traditional work of professionals, they actually helped to deliver better outcomes for clients without damaging brand value.

AGE 4 – INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGY INTO SERVICE DELIVERY

The fourth wave of innovation occurred around the mid-2000s when technology became much better integrated into service delivery. Firms began to use technology to speed up and automate the sifting and management of large amount of documents and data. Electronic deal rooms and client portals are now the norm, and project management software gives clients greater visibility of the progress of work.

Another tipping point was reached in the early 2010s. Firms leading this wave of innovation realized that to maintain margins they had to devise ways of providing smarter, not just cheaper, solutions for their clients. We refer to this as ‘re-bundling’ because it involves combining different disciplines and business models into an integrated, holistic service. Examples of this wave of innovation include law firms offering consultancy advice, and management consultancy firms blending consultancy with data analytics and artificial intelligence.

AGE 6 – THE TECHNOLOGY-SUPPORTED PROFESSIONAL

We are now entering a new wave of innovation: the technology-supported professional. In this new age technology and innovation are bringing about fundamental changes in how professional work and the tasks they undertake. Technology will not just speed up work, but will mean professionals work in completely new ways.

Many professionals recognize that the market has changed. Altman Weil, a US-based consultancy, has undertaken research with managing partners at US law firms, asking whether various trends are temporary or permanent. 83% of the managing partners surveyed believed that competition from non-traditional providers is a permanent trend. Nearly three-quarters (73%) believe that the pace of change in the professions will increase (Altman Weil, 2016).

It seems clear that one result of this wave of innovation is a more complex professional services ecosystem. Different types of competitors have already emerged to challenge the dominance of incumbents. Professional services solutions are being delivered by technology businesses, publishers, start-ups, retailers and in-house departments at large corporates. Here are just three examples of successful disruptors from a variety of professional disciplines:

-   Narrative Science, founded in 2010, has an artificial intelligence system, Quill, that analyses raw data and generates reports in seconds. Its use of natural language processing produces outputs that readers would assume were written by a human author. This work would historically have been undertaken by consultancy firms.
-   Crunch, founded in 2008, provides self-service online accountancy services to SMEs for a much lower price than high street accountancy firms.
-   Eden McCullum, founded in 2000, works with experienced, freelance consultants to deliver high-end consulting engagements for its clients. Its delivery model draws in alumni from Bain, BCG and McKinsey to deliver premium quality work at a fraction of the cost of traditional competitors.

The disruptors are not simply reducing the cost of delivery, they are also delivering a simpler, more consistent client experience. Their impact should not be underestimated: they are both taking market share and recalibrating what clients come to expect for their professional advisers. As a leader your colleagues will look to you for leadership and direction on these difficult strategic issues: you need to understand how innovation will impact your firm, and how to tweak your strategy to grasp the innovation opportunities and avoid the threats.

_Ben Kent 2016_

question: Summarize everything relating to cost.

answer: The global financial crisis was the catalyst for change. As clients became increasingly cost conscious, firms looked for ways to cut the cost of service delivery. Most tightened up on their project management and pricing. Others took more radical steps such as off-shoring routine work to low cost centers and utilizing different types of resource such as freelancers and non-qualified staff. They 'un-bundled' typical client processes such as an M&A deal to work out the best resourcing model for each component part. Although some firms feared these innovations would be seen as commoditizing the traditional work of professionals, they actually helped to deliver better outcomes for clients without damaging brand value.

critique: No mention of technology aiding cost cutting.

critique: The answer should mention the rebundling.

critique: The response misses to mention that the fourth wave of innovation occurred around the mid-2000s when technology became much better integrated into service delivery. Firms began to use technology to speed up and automate the sifting and management of large amount of documents and data. Electronic deal rooms and client portals are now the norm, and project management software gives clients greater visibility of the progress of work.

critique: The answer omits the fourth wave of innovation.

question: Summarize the advancements before the 2010s.

answer: Beginning with the overall globalization and sector focus with the use of matrix structures… and then the reduction of cost of service delivery through 'un-bundling' —off shore routine work to low-cost centers while also utilising different types of resource and non-qualified staff as well as freelancers. Firms also implemented technologies that integrated data, systems, and project management software. All of this technological integration was intended to increase visibility and accountability.

critique: The response should include more about the emergence of new competitors.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

critique: The answer omits the third wave of innovation.

critique: Remove the last sentence as it is not relevant.

critique: The answer omits the fourth wave of innovation.

critique: The response misses to mention the fourth wave of innovation.

question: What does the text say about disruptors?

answer: The text says that disruptors are not simply reducing the cost of delivery, they are also delivering a simpler, more consistent client experience. Their impact should not be underestimated: they are both taking market share and recalibrating what clients come to expect for their professional advisers.

critique: The text also mentions three specific disruptors.

critique: The answer omits the type of disruptors mentioned in the text.

critique: The answer omits the type of disruptors the text mentions.

critique: The answer should mention the types of disruptors.

critique: The answer omits the type of disruptors.

critique: This is all pretty self- explanatory, most of the answer is the definition of why disruptors are a threat

question: What does the text say about smartphones?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer should mention that smartphones are not mentioned in the text.


split: train

text:
MARK A. MOYAR (born May 12, 1971) is the former Director of the Office for Civilian-Military Cooperation at the US Agency for International Development.[1] He served previously as the Director of the Project on Military and Diplomatic History[2][3] at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, and has been a Senior Fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute[4] and a member of the Hoover Institution Working Group on the Role of Military History in Contemporary Conflict.[5]

Early life

Moyar was born May 12, 1971 in Cleveland, Ohio to Bert and Marjorie Moyar. He graduated from Hawken School in Gates Mills, Ohio in 1989.

Education

Moyar holds a B.A. _summa cum laude_ in history from Harvard University and a Ph.D. in history from Cambridge University. While a student at Harvard, he wrote for the conservative student newspaper _The Harvard Salient_. He also played saxophone in the Harvard Jazz Band with legendary saxophonist Joshua Redman.

Accomplishments

His articles on historical and current events have appeared in the _New York Times_, the _Wall Street Journal_, and the _Washington Post_. During his time as a Senior Fellow at the Joint Special Operations University (2013-2015), he published three lengthy studies on special operations—in Colombia, Afghanistan, and Mali: Village Stability Operations and the Afghan Local Police (2014),[6] Countering Violent Extremism in Mali (2015),[7] and Persistent Engagement in Colombia (2014) [8]

Moyar is the author of the 2006 book _Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954–1965_. In it he argues that Ngo Dinh Diem was an effective leader. Moyar states that supporting the November 1963 coup was one of the worst American mistakes of the war. The other biggest mistakes according to Moyar were: the failure to cut the Ho Chi Minh trail, and the United States Congress' refusal to support the South Vietnamese government after the 1973 Paris Peace Accords were violated, and the refusal of emergency aid to South Vietnam near the end of the war.

_Triumph Forsaken_ caused a great stir and many opinionated reviews, some negative, as well as some positive. In response to the reactions engendered by the book, Andrew Wiest and Michael J. Doidge edited _Triumph revisited : historians battle for the Vietnam War_ (2010),[9] a collection of detailed reviews of the book by 15 different academic historians. The reviews are attached to responses by Moyar, who challenges the criticism of his work.

Books

-   _Phoenix and the Birds of Prey: The CIA's Secret Campaign to Destroy the Viet Cong_ (1997)
    -   Republished in 2007 as _Phoenix and the Birds of Prey: Counterinsurgency and Counterterrorism in Vietnam_ with a foreword by Harry Summers and a new preface and chapter;
-   _Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954–1965_ (2006)
-   _A Question of Command: Counterinsurgency from the Civil War to Iraq_ (2009)
-   _Strategic Failure: How President Obama's Drone Warfare, Defense Cuts, and Military Amateurism Have Imperiled America_ (2015)
-   _Aid for Elites: Building Partner Nations and Ending Poverty through Human Capital_ (2016)
-   _Oppose Any Foe: The Rise of America’s Special Operations Forces_ (2017)

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title: Mark Moyar

question: What does the text say about the war in Iraq?

answer: No answer

text: The answer should state that the text does not discuss the war in Iraq.

category: coverage

question: What does the text say about Mark Moyar's early life and education?

answer: He was born in Cleveland, Ohio on May 12, 1971 to Bert and Marjorie Moyar. He graduated from Hawken School in Gates Mills, Ohio in 1989. He holds a B.A. in history from Harvard University and a Ph.D. in history from Cambridge University. He wrote for the conservative student newspaper during his studies at Harvard. He also played saxophone in the Harvard jazz Band.

critique: The answer should mention that Moyar graduated summa cum laude.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

critique: The answer should mention the degrees he earned.

text: The answer should add that he played in a jazz band with legendary saxophonist Joshua Redman.

question: What does the text say about Moyar's career?

answer: Moyar was the Director of the Office for Civilian-Military Cooperation at the US Agency for International Development. He served previously as the Director of the Project on Military and Diplomatic History at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He was also a Senior Fellow at the Foreign Policy Research Institute and a member of the Hoover Institution Working Group on the Role of Military History in Contemporary Conflict. Moyar's articles on historical and current events have appeared in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post. He is the author of the 2006 book "Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954-1965."

critique: Doesn't mention his professorships and education.

critique: The answer should mention his education.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

question: What does the text say about Moyar's accomplishments as a writer?

answer: Moyar's articles on historical and current events have appeared in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post. During his time as a Senior Fellow at the Joint Special Operations University, he published three lengthy studies on special operations in Colombia, Afghanistan, and Mali. Moyar is the author of the 2006 book "Triumph Forsaken: The Vietnam War, 1954-1965". In it, he argues that Ngo Dinh Diem was an effective leader. Moyar states that supporting the November 1963 coup was one of the worst American mistakes of the war. The other biggest mistakes according to Moyar were: the failure to cut the Ho Chi Minh trail, and the United States Congress' refusal to support the South Vietnamese government after the 1973 Paris Peace Accords were violated, and the refusal of emergency aid to South Vietnam near the end of the war.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

critique: The response mentions Moyar's accomplishments way too many times for an answer. Not all details in the answer should have been included.

text: The answer fails to mention Moyar's other books. It should list them too.


text:
SENTENCING DISPARITY is defined as “a form of unequal treatment [in criminal punishment] that is often of unexplained cause and is at least incongruous, unfair and disadvantaging in consequence”.[1]

Terminology

Colloquially, situations wherein some criminals receive lighter criminal sentences or are held to a lesser standard of personal accountability is referred to as a _SLAP ON THE WRIST_. The verbified form of such unequal treatment may be termed _wrist slap_, and alternative forms such as _wristslap_ and _wrist-slap_.[2] As an adjective, such a justice system may be described as being _two-tiered_[3] or _hybrid_, both usually with negative connotations.[4] Lawyers who uphold such unfair principles within the legal system are sometimes designated with pejorative terms such as _double standardist_.[5]

Instances wherein women or cases have been perceived as upholding a gender disparity in sentencing have at times been labelled with derogatory terms such as _pussy pass_.[6]

Overview

It is important to distinguish disparity from differences that arise due to legitimate use of discretion in the application of the law and those differences that arise due to discrimination or other, unexplained, causes unrelated to the issues found in the specific criminal case. There is evidence that some U.S. federal judges give much longer prison sentences for similar offenses than other judges do.[7]

This is a major problem because two judges could be faced with a similar case and one could order a very harsh sentence while another would give a much lesser sentence. A 2006 study by Crow and Bales gives evidence of sentencing disparity. The Florida Department of Corrections gave statistics of those prisoners who received probation or community control in the period 1990–1999. Prisoners were categorized as _Blacks and Hispanics_ or _Whites/Non-Hispanics_. The study found that the _Blacks and Hispanics_ received more intense and harsher penalties than the _White/Non-Hispanic_ group.

History

A 2001 University of Georgia study found substantial disparity in criminal sentencing men and women received “after controlling for extensive criminological, demographic, and socioeconomic variables”. The study found that in US federal courts, “blacks and males are... less likely to get no prison term when that option is available; less likely to receive downward departures [from the guidelines]; and more likely to receive upward adjustments and, conditioned on having a downward departure, receive smaller reductions than whites and females”.[8]

In 2012 Sonja B. Starr from University of Michigan Law School found that “men receive 63% longer sentences on average than women do,” and “[w]omen are…twice as likely to avoid incarceration if convicted”, also based on data from US federal court cases.[9][10]

In 2006, Ann Martin Stacey and Cassia Spohn found that women receive more lenient sentences than men after controlling for presumptive sentence, family responsibilities, offender characteristics, and other legally relevant variables, based on examination of three US district courts.Ann Martin Stacey and Cassia Spohn, Gender and the Social Costs of Sentencing: An Analysis of Sentences Imposed on Male and Female Offenders in Three U.S. District Courts, 11 Berkeley J. Crim. L. 43 (2006).(DOI)https://doi.org/10.15779/Z38F32G

https://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context=bjcl

Racism and sexism

Some prison reform and prison abolition supporters have argued that race and gender are both valid reasons for disparity in sentencing. In 2016, Mirko Bagaric argued that African-Americans and Indigenous Australians should receive a sentencing discount in all but the most serious of crimes, in part to offset unacknowledged biases to the opposite effect, while women should “be treated more leniently when they commit the same crime as a man” - in this case, he did not make any exception for serious offending.[11] In the United Kingdom, Jean Corston's 2007 report planned as a “review of women with particular vulnerabilities in the criminal justice system” is described as making the case “that prisons should be scrapped for all but a tiny number of women”,[12] which Corston justified on the basis “equality does not mean treating everyone the same”. She proposed “Custodial sentences for women must be reserved for serious and violent offenders who pose a threat to the public” and that overt separate sentencing for men and women could be considered after then-pending equality legislation.[13] Some feminists argue that giving women lighter sentences is infantilizing, based on stereotyping, and incompatible with gender equality.[14][15]

[1] Alfred Blumstein, et al. _Research on Sentencing: The Search for Reform_, Volume II (1983), p.9

[2] Bandes, Susan. “Fear factor: The role of media in covering and shaping the death penalty.” Ohio St. J. Crim. L. 1 (2003): 585.

[3] Ainsworth, Janet E. “Youth justice in a unified court: Response to critics of juvenile court abolition.” BCL Rev. 36 (1994): 927.

[4] Hannah-Moffat, Kelly. “Moral agent or actuarial subject: Risk and Canadian women's imprisonment.” Theoretical Criminology 3.1 (1999): 71-94.

[5] Foschi, Martha. “Double standards for competence: Theory and research.” Annual Review of Sociology 26.1 (2000): 21-42.

[6] Gotell, Lise, and Emily Dutton. “Sexual Violence in the ‘Manosphere’: Antifeminist Men’s Rights Discourses on Rape.” International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5.2 (2016): 65-80.

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[14] Kelsey Mo. “Why feminists need to discuss gender disparity in the criminal justice system.” 10/16/16 10:48pm The State Press. https://www.statepress.com/article/2016/10/spopinion-gender-disparity-in-the-criminal-justice-system

[15] Clare Foges. “Women must face the same justice as men.” January 15 2018, 12:01am, The Times. https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/women-must-face-the-same-justice-as-men-xcmcx7d5j.

title: Sentencing disparity

question: What does the article say about studies about sentencing disparity?

answer: A 2001 University of Georgia study found substantial disparity in criminal sentencing men and women received. They also found black criminals receive harsher sentences than white criminals. A University of Michigan Law School study found that men face longer prison sentences than women. Also that women are less likely to avoid prison. A study in 2006 further corroborates these findings which find that black and men receive harsher sentences than those of white.

critique: The answer is mostly made up of the findings of the studies mentioned in the article.

critique: The answer should include the name of the author of the 2006 study.

question: What does the article say in favor of race and gender being valid reasons for the disparity in sentencing?

answer: In 2016, Mirko Bagaric argued that African-Americans and Indigenous Australians should receive a sentencing discount in all but the most serious of crimes, in part to offset unacknowledged biases to the opposite effect, while women should "be treated more leniently when they commit the same crime as a man" - in this case, he did not make any exception for serious offending. Some prison reform and prison abolition supporters have argued that race and gender are both valid reasons for disparity in sentencing. Other arguments include that giving women lighter sentences is infantilizing, based on stereotyping, and incompatible with gender equality.

critique: Remove the second sentence of the response, it does not answer the question.

critique: The answer should mention Jean Corston's report.

critique: The answer should mention the Corston report.

question: What does the article say about who is more likely to commit violent crimes, man or woman?

answer: No answer

critique: The answer is false. The article does mention that men are more likely to commit violent crimes.

critique: The answer is false. The article says that men are more likely to commit violent crimes.


text:
We are connected, you and I. I never knew you, but we are connected. I waited for you. I chose you. It could have been someone else. Just five more seconds and you would have passed, but you came around the building and I knew. It was the itch. The itch that’s deep inside. I’m sure you’ve had it yourself. The kind of itch you can never dig out. Trust me I tried. The first time I got the itch it felt like my stomach was being eaten from the inside out. So I took my knife and dug into my own flesh. But the deeper I went I realized I couldn’t reach it. When they found me with the black hole in my stomach, they thought you did it to me. They told me I was a lucky bastard and said I’d have a chance to get even with you soon enough. They told me I would live. So they patched me up and gave me pills, but I knew the itch would never go away. Now it calls me, guides me. It guided me to you.

Please don’t think I’m a monster. I’m sure you would have done the same, wouldn’t you? I didn’t order you to show up when you did. I just do what I’m told, by the itch, and the itch chose you.

I let ten of you pass from one wall to the other. I watched as the first of you leaned around the corner. I could have sworn you saw me, but you didn’t. The first of you leaned around the corner and gave a hand signal and you all came pouring out like ants from a hole. So if you’re looking for someone to blame, blame the signal man, not me. He gave you that red star on your chest just as much as me.

The red star. Sometimes I wonder what it would be like to get a red star. I used to think about it all the time, but after a while I realized making it this far meant I never would. I still think about it, sometimes.

As I was saying, you came around the corner, and as soon as I saw you, I got the itch. What’s that? Why? Speak up, man! Why did I get the itch? If you have to ask that question, clearly I was wrong and you never had it. In short, I don’t know. I know that isn’t the answer you want to hear, but it’s the truth. I don’t know why the itch chose you. You look like a decent enough fellow. I didn't hate you when you came around the corner. Actually, I get the sense that we are similar.

But you came around the corner, and I didn’t feel much of anything, just that small seed of fear. Surely, if you don’t know what the itch is, you have to know the fear. Even now, with the red star on your chest, I still fear you. I know, it sounds stupid, but I do. Because I could be you. Because we’re connected you and I. Someday, someone might get the itch, and it will be me that gets a red star. But this time, you came around the corner, and I waited.

I know you want that red star to mean something. You hope that in some small way, that badge on your chest will make a difference, and you know what? I think it does. Maybe not in the final outcome, but inside, yes, I think it does because you can claim it as your own. You earned it. But not just for yourself. If this whole thing was only for ourselves, we wouldn’t be here, am I right? But we are connected, I know that much, and that’s how I know it means something.

Well, I better get going. Say, what’s that? That in your hand? May I? Oh wow, what a great picture. She, wow, she is really beautiful. And look at those kiddos. Hey their Chief you have a helluva good looking-oh, Jesus. Man, I’m sorry. Here, keep them in a safe place.

Take them.
Common take them!

Alright, look, I’ll just tuck them right in your pocket there. Man, don’t look at me like that. I told you it wasn’t my fault. Weren’t you listening to a single word I was saying? We’re connected. I waited just to be sure! The itch told me! Stop staring at me you sick bastard! I swear I’ll put another red star right in your damn forehead! Stop staring at me!

*Pop!*
It’s not my fault!
*Pop! Pop! Pop!*
***

The dead soldier’s face was unrecognizable by the time they stopped Private Anderson. The stock of his rifle was implanted in the side of the enemy soldier’s skull, but even without that final blow, Anderson managed to fire off a full clip into the man’s face and chest.

As recalled by Lieutenant Jeffries, Private Anderson was being restrained by three other soldiers when he arrived on the scene. The private’s face had gone pallid in the struggle, his lips blue and twisted into a hideous form. And he was screaming. Jeffries had heard plenty of screams in war, but nothing so primal, so pure. It was like Anderson spewed a patchwork quilt of sorrow, horror, and darkness over the men, and when it settled it found every nerve in their bodies and plucked it like a guitar string. Watching him lose it, they all felt cold. Because they knew it could be them, that they were connected. They could be drug away with spittle flying from their mouths screaming, “the itch!” Just like Anderson.

title: Short Story -The Itch (Honest feedback appreciated!)

question: What is the narrator talking about?

answer: The narrator is talking about a soldier who has just killed someone. The soldier is being restrained by other soldiers. The narrator is screaming about the itch.

critique: The narrator is not screaming about the itch.

critique: The narrator is not talking about a soldier who has just killed someone.

critique: The narrator is not talking about a soldier who has just killed someone but about a soldier who has killed someone.

critique: The narrator is not talking about the soldier who killed someone.

critique: Anderson yelling about the itch but only muttering to himself after opening the drawer could imply that the narrator is serial-killer-like and able to carry on a conversation with different personality(ies).

critique: The narrator is not talking about the soldier who has just killed someone.

text: The narrator is in fact the soldier that just killed someone. The answer should be changed to reflect this.

category: accuracy


text:
The 2002 RISHON LEZION BOMBING was a suicide bombing which occurred on 7 May 2002 at a crowded game club located in the new industrial area of Rishon Lezion. 16 people were killed in the attack and 55 were injured.

The Islamic militant group Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack.

The attack

On Tuesday, 7 May 2002 at 11:03 pm, a Palestinian suicide bomber detonated a hidden explosive device within a crowded game club full of people located in the new industrial area of Rishon Lezion, only 10 km south of Tel Aviv, killing 16 civilians and injuring 55 people, 10 of them in critical condition.[1][2][3][4]

After the attack the Israeli police stated that the suicide bomber was carrying a briefcase full of explosives and in addition was also wearing an explosive belt. The police estimated that the total weight of explosives were between 7 and 8 kilograms, and stated that the briefcase contained also metal fragments and bolts in order to maximize the number of casualties in the attack.[5]

Fatalities

-   Pnina Hikri, 60, from Tel Aviv[6]
-   Sharuk Rassan, 42, from Holon[7]
-   Shoshana Magmari, 51, from Tel Aviv[8]
-   Anat Temporush, 36, from Ashdod[9]
-   Haim Rafael, 64, from Tel Aviv[10]
-   Daliah Massah, 64, from Nahalat Yehudah[11]
-   Nir Lobatin, 31, from Herzliya[12]
-   Avi Biaz, 26, from Nes Tziona[13]
-   Rahamim Kimche, 58, from Rishon Letzion[14]
-   Edna Cohen, 61, from Holon[15]
-   Yisrael Shikar, 45, from Rishon Letzion[16]
-   Yitzhak Bablar, 58, from Bat Yam[17]
-   Esther Bablar, 54, from Bat Yam[18]
-   Regina Malka Boslan, 62, from Tel Aviv[19]
-   Nawa Hinawi, 51, from Tel Aviv.[20]

The perpetrators

The Islamic militant group Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack.[21]

Aftermath

The attack was condemned by United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan.[22]

After the attack Irina Polishchuk, a Ukrainian illegal prostitute married the Palestinian-Arab Ibrahim Sarahne,[23][24] was caught and convicted of participating in the 2002 Rishon LeZion bombing for her part in delivering the bomber to the site of the attack.

Release of attack collaborator

On 18 October 2011 Irina Polishchuk, who was originally sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, was released to the West Bank as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange between Israel and Hamas.[25]

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title: 2002 Rishon LeZion bombing

question: Summarize the role of the United Nations in this.

answer: The secretary general condemned the attack. Irina Polishchuk was an illegal prostitute who married a bomber in the attack and delivered him to the game club. She was captured in 2011 and committed to 20 years in prison. She was eventually released in 2011 as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange between Hamas and Israelis.

critique: The response contains unnecessary details that are irrelevant to the question.

critique: The answer is not related to the question.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

critique: "She was captured in 2011" is irrelevant to the question.

critique: There's no evidence in the passage to suggest the secretary general is a part of the UN or had any role in the aftermath of the bombing.

critique: Incorrect details about Irina Polishchuk

critique: "She was captured in 2011 and committed to 20 years in prison." is unattested; it would be more accurate to say that she was found guilty of her involvement in the attack.

critique: The answer fails to mention that the secretary general condemned the attack.

critique: Irina's release and the prisoner exchange are not connected to the United Nations.

critique: The answer should mention that the secretary general condemned the attack.

critique: Remove the second sentence as this is not directly related to the United Nations.

text: Only the first sentence is related to the question. The rest of the answer is completely irrelevant.

category: coherence

refinement: The secretary general condemned the attack. Irina Polishchuk was an illegal prostitute who married a bomber in the attack and delivered him to the game club. She was captured in 2011 and committed to 20 years in prison. She was eventually released in 2011 as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange between Hamas and Israelis.

question: Summarize the bombing.

answer: The 2002 Rishon Lezion bombing was a suicide bombing in which a Palestinian detonated a hidden bomb in a crowded club. 16 people were killed and 55 were injured.

critique: "16 people were killed in the attack and 55 were injured." is evidence of the number of people killed and injured in the attack. Include this in the response.

critique: The target of the bombing was not mentioned.

critique: Doesn't mention the type of explosive device used

critique: The bombing occurred in 2002, not in 2002.

critique: "The 2002 Rishon Lezion bombing was a suicide bombing in which a Palestinian detonated a hidden bomb in a crowded club." - add that the bombing was a suicide bombing.

critique: The locations of the casualties (and perpetrators) should be mentioned.

question: What was the purpose of the attack according to the militant group Hamas?

answer: Information can't be found.

critique: It is wrong to say that information can't be found. The answer is there.

critique: It is unclear from the article, but Hamas did claim responsibility.

critique: The terrorists tried to maximize casualties with their attack, in order to gain attention.

critique: The article does state the purpose of the attack.

critique: The information is available in the article.

critique: "Information can't be found." - is inaccurate. The information can be found - Hamas claims responsibility for the attack as part of their campaign against Israeli interests.

critique: The answer is wrong. The answer to the question is in the article.

critique: The answer is wrong. The answer is in the article.

critique: There is a lot of information on the purpose of the attack.

question: Summarize Irina's participation in the bombing.

answer: It is stated that Irina Polishchuk, a Ukrainian illegal prostitute married the Palestinian-Arab Ibrahim Sarahne to participate in the bombing. Irina was the one who delivered the bomber to the place of the attack. She was later arrested in connection with the bombing.

critique: "Irina Polishchuk, a Ukrainian illegal prostitute married the Palestinian-Arab Ibrahim Sarahne" is info not in the text.

critique: It is implied that she was the one who delivered the bomber, not that she confirmed that she was the one who delivered the bomber.

critique: The answer should mention that Irina was convicted of her part in the bombing.

critique: The answer should mention that Irina was released in the 2011 Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange.

critique: The article does not state that she married the bomber.

critique: It is omitted that Irina was caught and convicted of participating in the 2002 Rishon LeZion bombing for her part in delivering the bomber to the site of the attack.

critique: Irina was not arrested in connection with the bombing.

critique: Irina is the one who was convicted and arrested, not the Palestinian-Arab

critique: Irma isn't mentioned as a part of the delivery of the bomber.

critique: The answer omits that she was released as part of the Gilad Shalit prisoner exchange between Israel and Hamas.

critique: Irina wasn't arrested until 2011, so it is not stated that she was arrested in connection with the bombing.

critique: Irina was not the one who delivered the bomber to the place of the attack.

text: It's incorrect to state that Irina married Ibrahim Sarahne to participate in the attack. The article only states that they were married, not that their marriage was especially for this bombing.

refinement: It is stated that Irina Polishchuk, a Ukrainian illegal prostitute married the Palestinian-Arab Ibrahim Sarahne to participate in the bombing. Irina was the one who delivered the bomber to the place of the attack. She was later arrested in connection with the bombing.


text:
HANK HANEY (born August 24, 1955) is an American professional golf instructor best known for coaching Tiger Woods[1] and two-time major championship winner Mark O'Meara. A graduate of the University of Tulsa, Haney owns and operates four teaching facilities in the Dallas, Texas area.

Biography

Haney says, “My philosophy as a teacher is to teach my students to become their own best teacher by getting them to understand the flight of the golf ball and how it relates to the swing, with emphasis on swinging the golf club on their own correct swing plane”.[2]

In 2008, Haney started working with former NBA star and current NBA analyst Charles Barkley on the Golf Channel's _The Haney Project: Charles Barkley_, an attempt to fix Barkley's bad swing. Haney's show continued in 2010, this time with comedian Ray Romano. The third season, in 2011, featured talk radio host Rush Limbaugh. Series 4 (2012) featured a four-player shootout in Mario Batali, Adam Levine of Maroon 5, Sugar Ray Leonard, and Angie Everhart. Series 5, to debut in 2013, features all-time winner of the most Olympic medals, Michael Phelps.

On Monday, May 10, 2010, one day after Woods withdrew in the final round of The Players Championship, and after an almost 6-year relationship, Haney informed Woods that he would no longer be his coach.[3] Haney published “The Big Miss”, a book detailing his time with Woods, two years later.[4]

Haney has a video game of his own, _Hank Haney's World Golf_, that was released for Windows on November 16, 2010.[5] A Mac OS X version was released under the name _World Challenge Golf 2011_ by Virtual Programming on September 28, 2011.[6]

Suspension

On May 30, 2019 Haney was suspended from his PGA Tour show on SiriusXM Radio following disparaging comments he made on air about the Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) that were viewed as racist and sexist. On his Sirius XM PGA Tour Radio show May 29, 2019, with the 74th United States Women's Open Championship beginning the next day at the Country Club of Charleston, Haney suggested he had no idea the tournament was about to start and asked where it would be held. Haney further claimed that he could not name even six players on the LPGA tour, and that if pressed to predict who would win, he said it would be a Korean named Lee, since there were so many. Later in the interview Haney disparaged the second edition of the U.S. Senior Women's Open sponsored by the USGA two weeks earlier at Pine Needles Lodge and Golf Club in Southern Pines, N.C. Before the end of the show, Haney was alerted that his remarks were being taken as sexist and racist, and while claiming not to be racist, nevertheless apologized. He also apologized later via Twitter.[7][8] The following day Haney's show was dropped from SiriusXM's schedule and it was later announced that he had been suspended from the SiriusXM PGA TOUR Radio channel at the PGA Tour's instruction. SiriusXM announced that it was also reviewing Haney's status with the station.[9][10][11] This led to a mini war of words between Woods and Haney after the former voiced support for this decision during The Memorial on May 31, saying that his former coach “obviously said what he meant, and he got what he deserved”.[12] Haney responded on June 4 tweeting his amazement that Woods “has become the moral authority on issues pertaining to women” and that, additionally to being a multi-time major champion, he must now also believe himself to be a mind reader because never in the 6 years of coaching him did Woods hear him “utter one racist or sexist word”.[13] On June 2, 2019, 4 days after Haney's prediction, South Korean professional golfer Lee Jeong-eun won the 2019 U.S. Women's Open.

Awards

-   World Golf Teachers Hall of Fame - 2019
-   Texas Golf Hall of Fame - 2014
-   PGA Teacher of the Year (USA) - 1993
-   PGA “Harvey Penick Award for Teaching Excellence” - 1984
-   North Texas PGA Section “Teacher of the Year” - 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993
-   North Texas PGA Section “Horton Smith Award” - 1990
-   North Texas PGA Metro Chapter “Horton Smith Award” - 1991, 1992
-   Gulf Coast PGA Chapter “Teacher of the Year” - 1984
-   Federazione Italiana Golf “Top Teacher” - 1989, 1990
-   NCAA Division I District 6 Golf Coach of the Year - 1998
-   _Golf Digest_ Top 25 Teacher, 1984 - 1992
-   _Golf Digest_ Top 10 Teacher, 1993 - 1999
-   _Golf Digest_ Number 4 Teacher, 2000, 2002
-   _Golf Digest_ Number 6 Teacher - 2001
-   _Golf Digest_ Number 5 Teacher - 2003, 2004
-   _Golf Magazine_ Top 100 Teacher, 1984 - 2004
-   _Golf World's_ Top 50 Golf Personalities Worldwide - 2000
-   _D Magazine_ (Dallas) “The Best of Dallas” - “Best Golf Instructor” - 2003[14]

[1]

[2]

[3] Haney walks away from Woods

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7] “Hank Haney disparages LPGA, US Women’s Open on SiriusXM with sexist, racist remarks” The Golf News Net, May 29, 2019 1

[8]

[9]

[10] “Hank Haney is suspended from SiriusXM PGA Tour radio show,” Christine Brennan, USA Today, May 30, 2019 2

[11] “Hank Haney is Suspended From His Radio Show Over Remarks About Women's Golf,” Karen Crouse, The New York Times, May 30, 2019 3

[12]

[13]

[14]

title: Hank Haney

question: Whom did Haney train?

answer: Tiger Woods and Mark O'Meara.

critique: Haney trained many more people than Tiger Woods and Mark O'Meara.

critique: The answer could be clearer in its pronoun use.

critique: The answer should mention that Haney trained many other golfers as well.

critique: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

critique: The answer should include the fact that Haney trained many other people.

question: Why was Haney suspended from his PGA Tour show?

answer: Haney made disparaging comments about the Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) that were viewed as racist and sexist.

critique: The answer should mention the specific comments.

critique: It is omitted that he made the comments on the air.

critique: The answer should mention what the comments were.

critique: Include the date when Haney made the comments

critique: The answer should mention the specific comments that were made.

critique: The answer should also mention what the comments were.

critique: The answer should mention the specific comments that got him suspended.


text:
[YokoDana Kimono - www.yokodana.com]

[YOKODANA KIMONO LOGO- VINTAGE JAPANESE KIMONOS & FABRICS]

YOKODANA KIMONO
WWW.YOKODANA.COM

SHIPPING FROM DELAWARE USA
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Vintage Japanese Wholesale Kimono Bundles by-Pound
 US$6.00 to US$11.50 per pound, 10lbs & Up

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NEW TO VINTAGE JAPANESE KIMONOS? IF SO, BEFORE PROCEEDING, PLEASE  READ  OVERVIEW OF BULK KIMONO PACKAGES HERE:

 HTTP://BIT.LY/BULK-KIMONO-YOKODANA

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[divider image -- please scroll down for more content]Who is YokoDana Kimono?

Yoko Lewis, doing business as YokoDana Kimono (and Yoko Trading), has been in business since 1989 and online since 1998 as a wholesale Japanese kimono and vintage Japanese fabrics dealer. With offices in Japan and Delaware, USA -- but shipping from our Delaware USA location -- we have customers all over the world and in all 50 US states. We do not have a brick and mortar physical store. We do sell things in person at select venues each spring in the Northeast Corridor USA where we sell our best vintage Japanese fabrics by piece, as well as individual vintage kimono, haori, michiyuki, yukata, hakama and our own handmade accessories (tsumami kanzashi type hair sticks & pins, scarves, purses etc.).

We sell authentic traditional vintage Japanese kimono bundles wholesale by-pound as well as traditional vintage Japanese kimono fabrics (fabric pieces & bundles of kimono scraps ) for artists and artisans, DIY crafters, designers, decorators,  theater troupes, kimono cosplay and kitsuke enthusiasts, quilters and other small businesses worldwide.

Our main product since 1998 is our bulk vintage Japanese kimono sold wholesale, packages by-pound (Used, Recycled kimono bundles,10 lbs and up) sold on this website. We also carry antique & vintage Japanese kimono fabrics by the yard and lot, country Japanese antique textiles (tsutsugaki) and handmade kimono accessories. Please see our VENUES PAGE for calendar and information.

LOCATIONS:
We have an office in Japan as well as our main office in Delaware USA; we ship from the USA office. See our _ABOUT US _page (tab) for our full story. We are happy to share the special beauty of traditional Japanese kimono, Japanese fabrics and country textiles of Japan with people all over the world via this website. _ Irrashaimase_ -- Welcome and Enjoy!

Please scroll down to see our product collections or search by keywords HERE

[divider image -- please scroll down for more content] OTHER HANDY LINKS:

-   VINTAGE JAPANESE KIMONOS PRE-PURCHASE GUIDELINES
-   NEW TO VINTAGE JAPANESE KIMONOS? CLICK-PUSH HERE
-   CLICK-PUSH HERE FOR LIST / LINKS OF ALL BULK KIMONO PACKAGES
-   VIEW OUR FACEBOOK PAGE
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question: Summarise the most interesting facts about the YokoDana Kimono business.

answer: The business has been in operation since 1989 and has been online since 1998. They have an office in Japan and in Delaware, USA. They sell authentic traditional vintage Japanese kimono bundles wholesale by-pound as well as traditional vintage Japanese kimono fabrics (fabric pieces & bundles of kimono scraps) for artists and artisans, DIY crafters, designers, decorators, theater troupes, kimono cosplay and kitsuke enthusiasts, quilters and other small businesses worldwide.

critique: The answer should mention that they don't have a brick and mortar store.

critique: The answer should mention the name of the business.

critique: The answer should mention that they sell these wholesale by-pound.

critique: The answer does not mention the company's founder.

critique: The answer could mention the name of the business.

critique: The final sentence should be in declarative sentence format.


text:
Eugene was tired. It was four o'clock, Friday the 29th, and he had to post his rent by five. His scumbag landlord; a sweaty, short Italian named Leon was threatening to kick him out for the third time in as many months. Eugene was out collecting debts from customers. Eugene considered himself a modern businessman, pulling himself up by the bootstraps in the greatest place in the world, the city of New York. He loved New York, but the feeling wasn't mutual; He called himself an 'Entrepreneur', the City of New York preferred the term 'Drug Dealer'.

Eugene stood in the cramped, poky sitting room, trying not to move or breathe. Every available surface was covered in cats. Cat figurines on the small worn coffee table, cat pictures on the walls, magazines about cats, cat baskets, cat scratching posts, a cat clock on the wall, and of course an actual, real life cat. Though the moniker cat was loosely applied here: The thing was about as big as a dog, and as ugly as a sewer rat. It stared Eugene down with its one eye, almost daring him to move closer so it could pounce and sink its claws and teeth into him. He'd been on the wrong end of it before and still bore the evidence to prove it. He hated that bastard cat.

The cat leapt, and Eugene instinctively flinched, but it wasn't an attack, it instead landed in the lap of the old woman sitting on the frayed couch, settled in and began to purr, its eyes fixed again on Eugene and he tried to ignore it. A tiny withered hand appeared from within the purple shawls and layers and began to stroke it idly. The other hand held a slim cigarette, absent-mindedly shedding ash and embers like little snowflakes on the threadbare carpet. She exhaled like a death rattle, blowing blue smoke into the air where it hung like a thick fog and made Eugenes' nostrils burn and his eyes water.

"So, Ive got your order here, and well.." Eugene fumbled in his messenger bad and produced a little shoebox, pulling out the bag of weed, ".. its coming up to the end of the month and I think we should talk about your tab". He tossed the bag into the faded china bowl on the table (Cat shaped) and disappeared the box back into the messenger bag. The old woman pursed her lips and she sucked on the cigarette, a long draw burning it almost down to the filter, before discarding it in an ashtray on the arm and immediately lighting another.

"Ah, dah, dah, boy" she drawled in her rough slavic accent. "Is tough time for me and the little Pushkin" she scratched the cats ears and it let out a rumble of enjoyment.

"Many cold nights. Many bills for the heat and light, so the money is tight, yes?".

"Look, I get that, but I've got bills that need paying too, see?"

She pursed her lips and pulled on the cigarette again, avoiding Eugenes gaze, staring instead at the ancient television in the corner, its screen dulled by years of smoke and dust, as if simply refusing to acknowledge Eugene would make him disappear. He sighed, exasperated:
"Listen" he started, "I'm not leaving here without my money, ok? If you cant pay it all right away, thats fine, just give me something, anything, so I can get on my way and keep the wolves from my door." She scoffed, and mumbled something about Eugene not knowing what wolves at the door was really like, but he ignored it. The cat jumped down from the babushkas lap and skulked around the furniture, Eugene made a mental note to be worried, it looked like it was trying to flank him behind the couch. He side stepped around the coffee table to put some kind of barrier between him and it.

The elderly lady had lit another cigarette, and was studiously ignoring him. He bent down and picked up a small silver statuette of two cats playing with a ball of yarn from the end table. "How about this" he said, holding the figurine out for the woman to see, "Ill take one of these, and pawn it to cover your expenses, and we'll clear the rest of the debts, but from here on out, we deal in cash only. Upfront payment. Deal?"

The elderly woman leapt from the settee with speed and ferocity that startled Eugene, he stepped back, bumping into a musical box that plinked a few notes of an East-European folk tune. The elderly womans face was inches from his, eyes ablaze, and teeth bared. "You would take from me!? An old woman?! What could you take from that Stalin and his army did not?" Eugene backed away as she spat on the ground and hurled insults in her mother tounge. As he moved, he felt something soft brush against his leg and he remembered the cat as it launched its attack.

Tumbling backwards over the couch in a flurry of fur and arms, Eugene came up quick and bolted for the door. The elderly woman cut him off, blocking the door wielding a ancient and metal tipped walking cane. She let out a ferocious battle cry and swung the stick, he ducked, diving across the couch as the stick collided with a shelf, shattering the figurines and raining shards of glass and porciline down on him. He scrambled to his feet, right as the cat, who had positioned itself on the back of the couch, leaped into the air aimed at him.

In a panic, Eugene lashed out with his foot. He connected with the feline predator, punting it across the room, it sailed through the air, twisting in a panic as it tried to right itself, but its efforts were in vain. With a splintering crash, the cat burst through the small curtained window and disappeared into the void with an ear splitting howl. Eugene froze for a second. The apartment was deathly quiet, except for the low hum from the ancient television, and then he heard the faint

-thump-.

"Fuck."

The old woman erupted in a moan that escalated to a wail, and then full blown howling agony as she crossed the room, her gnarled hands framing her face, to look out the window. Eugene took this moment of distraction to make his exit. He tried to not look at the tangled lump of silk and fur that sat on the pavement outside the apartment building, from the corner of his eye it looked like the cat was snugly wrapped in a blanket, and sleeping in the afternoon sun. He hurriedly limped towards the subway station, his hands clutching the small silver figurine of the two cats playing with the ball of yarn. He promised himself he would get the old woman a new cat, and he made a mental note to clear her debt entirely. Behind him on the pavement, the silk curtain stirred slightly.

title: The Cat and the Dealer

question: What does the story say about why Eugene hated the elderly woman's cat?

answer: The cat was as big as a dog and as ugly as a sewer rat, and it was always staring at Eugene and trying to pounce. Eugene was on the wrong end of a cat attack before, and it left him with claw marks on his face and a bite mark on his leg. He hated that bastard cat.

critique: The cat did not attack Eugene, it was the other way around.

critique: The answer should mention that the cat attacked Eugene.

question: Summarise what ensued between Eugene, the elderly woman, and her cat when the woman refused to pay for the drugs.

answer: The elderly woman was not interested in paying for the drugs and was not interested in Eugene's offer to pawn her cat figurines to pay for the drugs. She was also not interested in Eugene's offer to clear the debts if she paid in cash. Eugene was about to leave when the old woman's cat attacked him. Eugene kicked the cat out of the window and the old woman howled in agony. Eugene left and promised to get her a new cat.

critique: The response inaccurately mentions that Eugene wanted to pawn the figurines to pay for the drugs, however he wanted to take one of the figurines and pawn it to clear the debts.

critique: The answer should mention that Eugene was attacked by the cat.

critique: The response contains inaccurate information.

critique: Doesn't include the scene that takes place after Eugene leaves the apartment

critique: The old woman's response to Eugene's offer and the cat attacking Eugene are irrelevant to the question.


text:
Urban legends are a sort of wish. They are a prayer borne from the suffocating dullness of life. But sadly, more often than not, the truth behind urban legends is just as boring as the people who imagine them. We dream of such possibilities because we, as the boring, don’t truly understand what it means to be interesting. The only time life becomes exciting is when there are things of value at stake. This cannot happen in the safe little bubble we build for ourselves. So we create these legends in lands far away starring people we’ll never meet because despite our infinite wishes for a more exciting life, none of us is willing to pay the price of excitement.

Humans are impossibly powerful. As a collective being, they can create anything and destroy anything. Entire worlds can be obliterated by humans. So what happens when the entire race all believe in an urban legend? Things move into place. Things happen as if by divine providence to make sure that this legend exists somewhere in this world. Somewhere in this world, there is suffering and cruelty, and why is this? It is because we all wished it to be so.

This is a story of entirely human creation. This is the legend that we have created. The suffering in this story is our fault. The deaths of these people are our fault. But ask yourself, would you really want to live in a world without suffering? What if every dollar you ever made was yours forever to keep? Would you really cherish each and every paycheck? We want this world to suffer. We want these people to die. Because if their lives aren’t used to remind us of the fragility of our own, who’s would?

Then, maybe, perhaps just maybe, there might arise a hero to remind us of our own glory. This hero will transcend our understandings of our own courage, compassion, and humanity. This hero will never be born from the safety of an air conditioned living room. No, this hero can only be born out of the most desecrate of positions and in these impossible conditions; this hero must thrive through his own power and will.

-

“We can’t let this continue!” Her voice booms in front of the crowded street in front of her. Her 6 foot figure towers on the podium in front of the crowd of people of all ages, sizes, and colors. Their eyes look at her hungrily. “These people do not deserve to suffer while we have so much! We all have the ability to save a life!”

She is wearing a lot of makeup. The foundation alone cost her hundreds of dollars. She is young for the amount of power she has, she is only in her early thirties. “It is one thing to reduce yourself to poverty, and quite another to be born in poverty!” She is the champion of the poor. “The children in the slum grow up on violence, disease, scarcity, hunger, parasites, predators, and death! Most of their parents die before they are even ten!”

She is wearing a blue blazer that cost somewhere in the thousands. She clutches the podium hard in her passion. Her mouth moves very deliberately illuminating her deep red lipstick. Her diamond wedding ring leaves an indent upon the lavish oak podium. “That is why my company is starting Project Persist. I hope that we can set an example for the rest of the world to follow.” The cameramen scamper to every corner of the crowd trying to find the perfect angle. “I implore the rest of the world to forget about your selfish greed for just a second for the children in these slums!”

The crowd erupts into applause. They have all gathered in the extreme summer heat to show their appreciation of this woman. She is the champion of the poor. Their standing is only made possible by multiple high powered electrical fans stationed sporadically around the street. These are the supporters of the poor.

The woman on the podium raises her hand to silence the crowd. She waits patiently as they calm down. “Let us join together to combat the evils of poverty! No child deserves to die for something a dollar could’ve fixed. No brother deserves to be forced into violence to provide his family with something a dollar could provide. No mother deserves to mourn over a loss that a dollar could’ve prevented.” The woman puts her slender right hand over her heart. Her thumb covers her pearl necklace. “That is why I have dedicated my company to saving the slums! Unity Health will do everything within its power to save these children from utter destruction! Starting today, we launch Project Persist! This will be the cornerstone project of the world.”

The crowd once again erupts. They look up through their minor sweat and discomfort to the angel of the downtrodden. The woman steps away from the podium into the open stage, careful to balance on her new thousand dollar heels. She takes from behind the podium a bottle of the finest champagne money can buy. She will spare no expense for the battle against poverty. “Let us commemorate this moment with a drink. I, Charlie Swearinger, swear that with the power of my company, I will provide the sick the medicine they need to not just survive, but to prosper! I will supply the slums with as much medicine as they could ever hope for and eliminate all disease in the area so that there will be less death, less violence, and less poverty!”

Charlie opens the bottle of champagne making sure to shake it thoroughly before doing so. Champagne shoots out of the bottle spilling on the crowd below. They laugh and scream, dancing in the most expensive shower in the world. Charlie takes a swig of it once the foam has stopped erupting. “In the spirit of spreading wealth, I have decided to partner with a small distribution company, Angel Company, which I believe will empower them to realize their own potential. I have high hopes for Project Persist.”

The crowd re-erupts into applause much louder than before. They pound their hands together so hard that it hurts. They smile maniacally with their glazed eyes open as wide as they can go. They don’t want to miss a second of their messiah saving the world.

Charlie didn’t have high hopes for Project Persist. She only agreed to supply Angel Company with expired medicine. She only agreed to partner with the cheapest and smallest distribution she could without seeming stupid. She only agreed to Project Persist to combat the fallout of a known failure in one of her more widespread drugs. Angel Company had stupidly agreed to all responsibility and liability of the project. All she had to do was give them the drugs.

She did this because it was inevitable. As if by divine providence we force the legends we imagine in our hearts to come true. We don’t purposefully create suffering, nor do we deliberately deliver pain. Instead, we unconsciously create the conditions where pain and suffering become inevitable. We take more than we need. We admire the selfish and exonerate the greedy. Subconsciously, we know that if others have less, we have more, and the less other people have, the more we appreciate what have.

So our sole purpose in life becomes to acquire as much as we can obtain. We call it self-actualization and we call it realizing our own potential, when really it is simply taking from others so that we may be relatively better off. Through our insatiable need to love our own lives, we demand that the world suffer for us. We demand that we create stories and legends of immense pain and redemption as to remind ourselves of our own pleasures. So we torture the world. And sometimes, just maybe, a hero might arise from this torture to remind us all of the humanity that we have lost, if only for a second.

It is to this end that we have created this broken city.

title: [AA] This Broken City: Chapter 0

question: Summarize the origin of urban legends.

answer: Urban legends are born from the suffocating dullness of life. They are a wish borne from the boring people who imagine them. The truth behind urban legends is just as boring as the people who imagine them.

critique: The answer should mention that the author believes that urban legends are created because people want to escape the dullness of their lives.

critique: The truth behind urban legends is not as boring as the people who imagine them.

question: Summarize what the passage says about Project Persist.

answer: Project Persist is a project started by Charlie Swearinger, the CEO of Unity Health. Charlie Swearinger is the champion of the poor. She is dedicating her company to saving the slums. She is launching Project Persist, which will be the cornerstone project of the world. Charlie Swearinger is partnering with Angel Company to supply the slums with medicine. Charlie Swearinger is only supplying Angel Company with expired medicine and partnering with the cheapest and smallest distribution company she can find. Charlie Swearinger is only doing this to combat the fallout of a known failure in one of her more widespread drugs.

critique: The answer should mention that Charlie is only doing this to combat the fallout of a known failure in one of her more widespread drugs.

critique: The answer should mention that Charlie Swearinger is only doing this to combat the fallout of a known failure in one of her more widespread drugs.

critique: "Charlie Swearinger is only doing this to combat the fallout of a known failure in one of her more widespread drugs." - this is incorrect. It was never mentioned in the passage.

text: The answer could be framed better.

question: Summarize Charlie's speech.

answer: Charlie Swearinger is the owner of Unity Health, a company that will donate medicine to the poor. She is the champion of the poor. She has decided to partner with Angel Company, a distribution company, to supply the poor with medicine. She also decided to partner with Angel Company to combat the fallout of a known failure in one of her drugs.

critique: The answer should mention that Charlie is lying.

text: The answer could provide more details about Charlie's speech.

question: What does the story say about the hero's childhood?

answer: No answer


text:
(So this is a story I wrote very quickly after I played through an indie game called TimeFrame, I highly recommend you check it out! This is my first story I've shown to the outside world, so please be gentle!)

And suddenly I found myself in a great, black void, and though I could see nothing, I felt that I was utterly alone, floating freely through the endless darkness. I was prepared to resign myself to this strange fate when there appeared a great white orb some ways off, and I found myself irresistibly drawn towards it, no matter the dangers that may lie within. Upon reaching it, I slowly, carefully reached my hand out to touch it, as if to understand its purpose here, and even as my fingers brushed the surface, I was abruptly thrown deep into the orb, blinded by a great light, and was struck down upon slamming into a hard surface.

When I opened my eyes, I was astounded to find myself surrounded by desert, and what appeared to be the remains of an ancient civilisation, tall pillars reaching high into the sky, and a huge wall stretching into the distance. I began to carefully make my way to the ruins, and was quite surprised to find that this  strange world appeared to be nearly frozen in time. The sand kicked up by my feet hung in the air as though each granule were suspended by a string, and the withered patches of grass swayed slowly, almost like nature’s metronome. This alien world indeed seemed timeless, and the dying sun above me indicated that I may very well be its last resident. Presently I approached a stonehenge-esque formation of rocks, and within them were small pillars, each engraved with a glowing symbol, and a large vat of molten liquid amidst it all. Was this some ritual site I had just disturbed? I could only hope that no consequences would come of it. The symbols were fully foreign to me, and there were no clues to be found as to the nature of the site, so carefully making a mental note of the area, I moved off towards the large pillars in the distance.

As I approached the largest of the constructs, I was once again stumped as to their true purpose. They all looked exactly alike: large, corkscrew-like pillars, looking almost as though some great cosmic drill had driven them into the ground where they stand. But as I stood there pondering, a great rumble began in the distance, and turning around, my mouth fell open. A large rock, at least a mile across, was slowly tumbling towards the barren landscape around me. For several minutes I panicked, dashing madly about, searching for some protection in this wasteland. But it was to no avail, and with time running out, I stretched my arms out, and watched as the meteorite continued the last stages of its journey, sealing my fate once and for all. As it finally crashed to the ground, I watched as the shockwave stretched its arms out towards me, to take me to my creator at long last, but abruptly I was pulled away, feeling myself fall away from the fate I had resigned myself to, and seconds later I was facing the orb again, my hands once again about to touch its surface, and surely about to relive the end of that alien world. I jerked my hands away, nearly crying out from the terror of what I had just experienced, and then realized that what I had just witnessed had left a burning desire in my heart, a desire to know more. Would I ever be able to understand the secrets hidden deep within the abandoned constructs of that world? As I stretched my hands towards the orb again, it became apparent that maybe this world actually held my fate, and I would relive its final moments, again and again, to the end of time.

title: [MF] Story I Wrote in Response to an Indie Game I Played (TimeFrame)

question: What does the story say about what type of indie game TimeFrame is (shooter, RPG, puzzle, etc.)?

answer: No answer

critique: The story doesn't directly say what type of game TimeFrame is, but hints some underlying RPG and puzzle mechanic. The fact that the protagonist has to navigate the game's environment implies puzzle mechanic. The fact that they wield an "orb" throughout the enterprise could hint some RPG aspects.

critique: The answer can't be found in the passage.

critique: The question is asking for an answer, so the answer should be "no answer".

question: What does the story say about the narrator?

answer: The narrator is a person who seems to be in awe of all of the mysterious discoveries he or she has come across. After getting lost in this vast alien landscape, the narrator encountered an enigmatic orb. the narrator was then transported to an ancient site where all sorts of strange things were happening. This was not only mysterious to the narrator, it also aroused his or her curiosity. The narrator kept on trying to get through the orb, but it all kept on repeating itself.

critique: The narrator is a person who seems to be in awe of all of the mysterious discoveries he or she has come across. After getting lost in this vast alien landscape, the narrator encountered an enigmatic orb. the narrator was then transported to an ancient site where all sorts of strange things were happening. This was not only mysterious to the narrator, it also aroused his or her curiosity. The narrator kept on trying to get through the orb, but it all kept on repeating itself.

critique: The response misses to mention that the narrator is willing to relive the end of the alien world again and again to the end of time.

critique: The narrator is a person, not a he or she.

critique: "The narrator is a person who seems to be in awe of all of the mysterious discoveries he or she has come across." - this is incorrect. The narrator is a male.

text: It is omitted that the narrator wrote the story in response to the Indie game they played.

question: What does the story say about the world inside the white orb?

answer: The narrator finds himself in a great, black void when he reaches the white orb. He is irresistibly drawn to it and is thrown deep into the orb, blinded by a great light. When he opens his eyes, he is astounded to find himself surrounded by desert. The world is nearly frozen in time. The sand kicked up by his feet hangs in the air. The dying sun above him indicates that he may be the last resident. He approaches a stonehenge-esque formation of rocks, and within them are small pillars, each engraved with a glowing symbol and a large vat of molten liquid amidst it all. A large rock, at least a mile across, was slowly tumbling towards the barren landscape around him. The narrator panics as he tries to find protection from the meteorite. He is killed by the shockwave.

critique: The answer is a summary of the entire story, not just the world inside the white orb.

critique: The answer is a summary of the story and not a description of the world inside the white orb.

critique: A lot of extra details do not need to be added.

critique: The answer is a summary of the story, not a description of the world inside the white orb.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

critique: The answer is a summary of the story, not a description of the world.

question: Why did the narrator want to touch the white orb and do it all over again despite his terror of dying via meteor strike?

answer: The narrator was curious about the nature of that world.

critique: The answer should mention the narrator's curiosity.

critique: The narrator wasn't just curious, he also wanted to understand its mysteries.

critique: The narrator is curious about the nature of the world.

critique: The narrator was curious about the nature of that world. - this is incorrect. The narrator was curious about the secrets hidden deep within the abandoned constructs of that world.

critique: The narrator was curious about the nature of the world, but the question asks why he wants to touch the orb.

critique: It is omitted that he wanted to explore the ruins.


text:
[VThaisalad wioth tofu6]

Deliciously fragrant, vibrant & nutritious!

I love Thai food & after the blog interest in my Thai beef salad, I wanted to make a satisfying vegan version. I have added firm tofu slices, but these can be omitted if you are not a fan.

[VThai salad 4]

WHY AT TOFU?

Tofu is made from soybean curds & is naturally gluten-free, low-calorie & cholestrol-free, making it a fantastic source of iron & protein-especially for vegans & vegetarians. This Thai salad will also appeal to those wanting to have a raw food diet, since it does not require cooking. (It also makes it very quick to whip up!).

I love this Thai salad as it combines flavours (zing from the lime, warmth from the ginger, fragrance from the fresh coriander & spring onion, with the comforting backdrop of creamy coconut milk) with lovely crunchy textures (crunchy vegetables, cashews) & vibrant colour.

It also makes use of your spiraliser! You can get a cheap pencil sharpener style spiraliser

[imgres]or desktop one with a lifetime guarantee on Amazon! If you do not have a spiraliser, you can use a peeler to make strip-like peelings instead.

Now who said salads were boring?!

[VThaisalad19]

_Serves: 2 hungry people or 3 people as a main meal_

_Preparation time: 10-15 mins_

_Ingredients:_

_Salad:_

_2 medium carrots, spiralised_

_2 large courgettes, spiralised_

_120g beansprouts_

_1 1/2 large red peppers or 2 if medium, sliced into thin strips_

_4 spring onions, sliced diagonally, reserve some for decoration_

_Dressing:_

_2 plump garlic cloves, peeled & crushed_

_25g fresh root ginger, finely chopped_

_Juice from 1 lime_

_28g packet of fresh coriander, finely chopped_

_1 plump red chilli, finely chopped (seeds in if you want it hotter!)_

_120ml coconut milk_

_2 tsp honey or agave_

_2tbsp  Tamari or vegan soy sauce_

_60g raw cashews_

_Ground black pepper_

_To serve: some sliced spring onion & a sprinkling of ground flaxseeds_

_Optional: Firm tofu slices (ready to eat)_

Method: Make the salad.

In a large bowl mix together the spiralised carrot, courgettes with the beansprouts, sliced red pepper & most of the spring onion (reserving some back for a garnish).

[VThaisalad14]

Make the dressing: In a small bowl mix together the crushed garlic, finely chopped root ginger, lime juice, finely chopped coriander, chopped red chilli, coconut milk, honey. Season with plenty of ground black pepper.

[VThaisaladdressing2]

Pour 3/4 of the dressing onto the salad mix, along with raw cashews & combine (reserve a little of the dressing to decorate). Plate up: put some of this dressed salad on each plate. I like to sprinkle a little ground flaxseed on top to add to the nutritive value.

Then if using: slice up tofu into slices. Arrange on top of the salad. Drizzle over with some of the dressing. Garnish with raw cashews & spring onion slices.

[VThai saladwithtofu5]

Pretty as a picture!

[VThaisalad10]

Delicious without the tofu too

[VThaisalad1ithtofu3]

Great for packed lunches or as a dinner party starter too!

Don’t forget you can find my favourite recipes in my FREE eBook here.

Vegetarian Pad Thai

By adding buckwheat noodles to the Thai salad, you can make this dish also another favourite dish of mine: into Pad Thai! Garnish with a few toasted black sesame seeds (as shown in photo).

[Padthai1]

Great for your lunch box too!

Great served with a wedge of lime!

Don’t forget you can find my favourite recipes in my FREE eBook here.

question: Why did the author add tofu to the recipe?

answer: The author added tofu to the recipe because it is a great source of iron and protein.

critique: The answer is incorrect. The author added tofu to the recipe because it is a great source of iron and protein, especially for vegans and vegetarians.

critique: The answer should mention that the author believes tofu is also good for vegans and vegetarians.

critique: The answer can't be found in the passage.

critique: The answer is incorrect. The author added tofu to the recipe because it is a great source of iron and protein-especially for vegans and vegetarians.

critique: The answer should mention that tofu is also gluten-free and low-calorie.

critique: The answer should mention that tofu is also a good source of protein for vegans and vegetarians.

question: List the ingredients of the salad.

answer:
2 medium carrots, spiralised
2 large courgettes, spiralised
120g beansprouts
1 1/2 large red peppers or 2 if medium, sliced into thin strips
4 spring onions, sliced diagonally, reserve some for decoration
2 plump garlic cloves, peeled & crushed
25g fresh root ginger, finely chopped
Juice from 1 lime
28g packet of fresh coriander, finely chopped
1 plump red chilli, finely chopped (seeds in if you want it hotter!)
120ml coconut milk
2 tsp honey or agave
2tbsp  Tamari or vegan soy sauce
60g raw cashews
Ground black pepper
To serve: some sliced spring onion & a sprinkling of ground flaxseeds
Optional: Firm tofu slices (ready to eat)

critique: The pad thai ingredients are irrelevant.

critique: The answer is a copy of the ingredients list.

question: What is spiralising in the recipe?

answer: Spiralising is a technique of cutting vegetables into long thin strips.

critique: The answer should mention that the spiraliser is a kitchen tool.

critique: The answer misses a few key details. This answer omits the spiralizer mentioned in the recipe and that it has a pencil sharpener-style spiralizer.

critique: The answer could be phrased as a complete sentence.

critique: The answer is correct, but it would be better to say that spiralising is used for the carrots and courgettes.

critique: The answer should mention the spiralizer.

question: Summarize the method of making the recipe.

answer: The recipe is made by mixing together the spiralized carrot, courgettes, beansprouts, sliced red pepper, and most of the spring onion in a large bowl. The dressing is made by mixing crushed garlic, finely chopped root ginger, lime juice, chopped red chilli, coconut milk, honey, and plenty of ground black pepper. The dressing is poured onto the salad mix and mixed with the raw cashews. The salad is then plated up, with the dressing drizzled over the top, and garnished with raw cashews and spring onion slices.

critique: The answer should mention the addition of tofu.


text:
DUBOSE PORTER (born October 2, 1953) is an American politician who served as Chairman of the Democratic Party of Georgia and served as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from 1982 to 2011. He served as Minority Leader in the House from 2005 to 2011. He was previously Administration Floor Leader for Governor Zell Miller from 1991 through 1992 and ran for Governor of Georgia in 2010.

Early life and education

Born in Dublin, Laurens County, Georgia, Porter is the son of Dr. Lester and Katherine D. Porter. Porter earned his Eagle Scout Badge in 1970. He was a co-president of his senior high school class at Dublin High School, where he graduated in 1971. He attended Davidson College in Davidson, North Carolina, where he received a B.A. in English in 1975.

Career

After college, Porter interned in Washington, D. C., for Georgia Senator Sam Nunn where he decided to go to law school so that he could one day become a public servant and help others just as he saw Sen. Nunn was able to do. He attended and graduated from Cumberland Law School at Samford University in Birmingham, Alabama. After law school, Porter returned to his hometown and formed the law firm of Nelson & Porter. In 1982 he decided to run for the legislature. Although he was considered the underdog in the race, he was victorious, and he represented the district until 2011.

DuBose has four sons, also Eagle Scouts, Stephen DuBose Porter, Jr., Guyton McCall Porter, and twins, Asa Shearouse Porter and Inman Lee Porter.

In 1987, Porter and Griffin Lovett purchased The Courier Herald, the daily newspaper in Dublin. Porter is Chairman of the Board of the publishing company and runs the business side of the company daily. In 1998, Porter and Lovett purchased The Soperton News, The Montgomery Monitor, and The Wheeler County Eagle. In 2002, they purchased The Johnson Journal, The Twiggs Times New Era and The Cochran Journal. In 2004, they purchased The Wilkinson County Post and in 2006 they purchased The Baldwin Bulletin. Porter is the business manager of these nine publications. Since 1987, Porter also has been a stockholder and member of the Board of Directors of the Bank of Dudley.

In 1991 and 1992, he served as Administration Floor Leader in the House of Representatives to Governor Zell Miller. In January 2003, Porter was elected Speaker Pro Tempore of the House of Representatives. Porter is currently in his fourteenth term and serves on the Agriculture & Consumer Affairs, Appropriations, Ethics, and Rules Committees. In January 2005, he was elected Leader of the Democratic Caucus of the House of Representatives.

Porter is a former Trustee for the Nature Conservancy of Georgia, former member of Board of Trustees and The Board of Advisors of The Georgia Trust for Historic Preservation. He is the former President of the Georgia Press Association and of the Georgia Library Trustees Association and served as a member of Governor Miller's Preservation 2000 Committee. He has served as Chairman of Education as well as Chairman of Higher Education.

He was a member of the 1985 class of Leadership Georgia. He is a member of the Dublin Rotary Club. He is also a member of the University of Georgia Secret Society, Gridiron.

On April 6, 2009, Porter announced his candidacy for governor of Georgia in 2010.[1] He lost the Democratic primary on July 20, 2010 to former Gov. Roy Barnes.

On August 31, 2013, Porter was elected Chairman of the Democratic Party of Georgia in a special election to fill the vacancy created when former DPG Chairman Mike Berlon resigned. Porter won 62% in the second round of voting.

On January 31, 2015, Chairman Porter was reelected to serve his first full four-year term as chairman of the Democratic Party of Georgia.

[1]

title: DuBose Porter

question: What does the story say about Porter's education?

answer: Porter earned his Eagle Scout Badge in 1970. He was a co-president of his senior high school class at Dublin High School, where he graduated in 1971. He attended Davidson College in Davidson, North Carolina, where he received a B.A. in English in 1975.

critique: The response should include Porter's attendance at Cumberland Law School at Samford University in Birmingham, Alabama.

question: What does the story say about Porter's career?

answer: He formed his own law firm after school, where he represented the district until 2011. He was elected to the House of Representatives in 1982. In 1987, he and Griffin Lovett purchased The Courier Herald, the daily newspaper in Dublin. He was also elected to be Chairman of the Democratic Party of Georgia.

critique: It is omitted that Porter was elected to the House of Representatives in 1982.

critique: The response should include that Porter was elected to the House of Representatives in 1982.

critique: "He was also elected to be Chairman of the Democratic Party of Georgia." - can be deleted for space and clarity.

critique: It is omitted that Porter was elected Speaker Pro Tempore of the House of Representatives in 2003.

critique: The response misses to mention that Porter was elected to the House of Representatives in 1982.

critique: It is omitted that Porter was elected Speaker Pro Tempore of the House of Representatives in 2003 and Chairman of the Democratic Party of Georgia in 2013.

critique: Does not mention that Porter interned in Washington both before and after law school

question: What does the article say about Porter's hobbies?

answer: No answer


text:
[General Napoleon Bonaparte, commander of the Armée d'Italie on the bridge at Arcole]

The ARMY OF ITALY () was a field army of the French Army stationed on the Italian border and used for operations in Italy itself. Though it existed in some form in the 16th century through to the present, it is best known for its role during the French Revolutionary Wars (in which it was one of the early commands of Napoleon Bonaparte, during his Italian campaign) and Napoleonic Wars.

History

[French Army entering Rome in 1798]

Bonaparte's reforms

Poorly supplied (uniforms and shoes were rare), and only getting reinforcements irregularly, the Army of Italy was sometimes reduced to looting to survive. When Bonaparte arrived (he took up command on 27 March 1796), indiscipline was rife. Chouan songs were sung by the troops, and a company of the Dauphin was formed. All the while improving the supply system as much as possible, Bonaparte also reestablished discipline. He condemned officers who had cried _Vive le roi !_, (English: “Live the king!”), dismissed the 13th regiment of hussards for indiscipline and dissolved an entire regiment when it revolted at the end of March. Purged in this way, the Army of Italy was subsequently the most Jacobin of all the French armies.

Its first victories improved things - allowing better resupply and easing pay problems through “war contributions” from the conquered lands - but memoirs (though not official communiques) speak of individual or collective failures right up to 1797.

Reserve army

Much of the original Armée d'Italie became the Army of Egypt. Another army, originally called the armée de Réserve, was formed at Dijon on 8 March 1800 (17 ventôse year VIII) and took the title Armée d'Italie on 23 June 1800 (4 messidor year VIII) when it was merged with the remains of the original Armée d'Italie. The new army's first commander was Masséna, followed by Bonaparte (as First Consul and “Commander in person”) and général Berthier (its 'Général en chef' from 2 April to 23 June 1800).[1] It was under Berthier that this army beat the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo on 14 June 1800 (25 prairial year 8).[2]

Commanders

-   from 7 November to 25 December 1792: General d'Anselme, with neither the title nor the prerogative of a general
-   from 26 December 1792 to 9 February 1793, interim: _maréchal de camp_ Brunet
-   from 10 February to 4 May 1793: General Biron
-   from 5 May to 8 August 1793: General Brunet ; from 2 June subordinate to General Kellermann
-   from 9 August 1793 to 20 November 1794: General du Merbion
-   Army before Toulon (_Armée devant Toulon_):
    -   from 5 September to 6 November 1793: General Carteaux
    -   from 7 to 12 November, interim: General La Poype
    -   from 13 to 15 November, provisionally until the arrival of General Dugommier: General Doppet
    -   from 16 November to 28 December: General Dugommier with the title of General and commander of the Army of Italy (_général en chef de armée d'Italie_)
-   from 21 November 1794 to 5 May 1795: General Schérer
-   from 6 May to 28 September 1795: General Kellermann,[3] commanded the merged Army of Italy and Army of the Alps (_armée des Alpes_), with the designation of the Army of Italy
-   from 29 September 1795 to 26 March 1796: General Schérer, resigned
-   from 27 March 1796 to 16 November 1797: General Bonaparte
-   from 17 November to 21 December 1797, interim: General Kilmaine
-   from 22 December 1797 to 3 April 1798: General Berthier
-   from 4 April to 27 July 1798: General Brune
-   from 28 July to 18 August 1798, interim: General Gaultier
-   from 19 August to 31 October 1798: General Brune
-   from 1 November 1798 to 31 January 1799: General Joubert, as part of the overall command of the Army of Rome (_armée de Rome_). From 11 to 25 December, the army's commander was effectively General Moreau.
-   from 1 February to 6 March: General Delmas
-   from 7 to 11 March 1799, provisional: General Bruneteto Sainte-Suzanne
-   from 12 March to 26 April 1799: General Schérer, as part of his overall command of the Army of Naples (_armée de Naples_)
-   from 27 April to 4 August 1799: General Moreau, as part of his overall command of the Army of Naples
-   from 5 to 15 August 1799: General Joubert, commander of both the Army of Italy and the Army of the Alps, killed at the battle of Novi
-   from 15 August to 20 September 1799: General Moreau
-   from 21 September to 30 December 1799: General Championnet
-   from 31 December 1799 to 5 January 1800: General Suchet[4]
-   from 6 to 15 January 1800, interim: General Marbot
-   from 16 January to 16 June 1800: General Masséna[5]
-   from 17 to 24 June 1800, interim: General Suchet
-   from 25 June to 21 August 1800: General Masséna
-   from 22 August 1800 to 7 March 1801: General Brune[6]
-   from 8 March to 27 August 1801, interim: General Moncey[7]

Campaigns and battles

-   21 September 1794 : First Battle of Dego (won thanks to its artillery commander, Bonaparte)
-   24 November 1795 : battle of Loano (unexploited victory) by Benedetto of Savoy, Duke of Chablais
-   First Italian Campaign
-   Second Italian Campaign

1805-1814

Armée d'Italie participated in the war of the Third Coalition (1805), in the battles of Verona and Caldiero in northern Italy, under André Massena. During the war of the Fifth Coalition (1809), Armée d'Italie was commanded by Eugène de Beauharnais, and fought the Austrians at Sacile, Caldiero, Piave, and Raab. In 1813-1814 Eugéne fought the Austrians with his army in northern Italy (Battle of Mincio).[8]

[1] “The consular magistracy was essentially civil, the principal of the division of powers and of ministers' responsibilities made it undesirable that the first magistrate of the Republic should be immediately in command of an Armée; but no disposition, just as no principle, would oppose that which was present ... As it turned out, the First Consul commanded the armée de réserve, and Berthier, his major général, took the title général en chef.” : Memoirs of Napoléon, volume VI, page 196

[2] Alexandre Berthier, Relation de la bataille de Marengo ...; Paris 1805. // Le Capitaine de Cugnac, Campagne de l’armée de Réserve en 1800; Paris 1900

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

title: Army of Italy (France)

question: Summarize the events that occurred in the time period of 1805-1814.

answer: The Army of Italy participated in the war of the Third Coalition in 1805. They fought the Austrians at Verona and Caldiero. In 1809, they fought the Austrians at Sacile, Caldiero, Piave, and Raab. In 1813-1814, they fought the Austrians with Eugène de Beauharnais in northern Italy.

critique: The answer should mention the First Italian Campaign.

critique: The answer should mention that the war of the Third Coalition was the war of the Fifth Coalition.

critique: The answer should mention that the war of the Third Coalition was in 1805.

critique: The sentence about Eugène de Beauharnais is unnecessary.

critique: The response includes extraneous information not useful for the task.

critique: It's omitted that for the war of the Third Coalition, Armée d'Italie was commanded by André Massena.

question: Summarize the portion of the text discussing Bonaparte's reforms.

answer: When Bonaparte arrived, the army was poorly supplied, and only getting reinforcements irregularly. Bonaparte reestablished discipline, and improved the supply system as much as possible. He dismissed officers who cried "Vive le roi!" He dissolved an entire regiment for revolting. These reforms improved the supply system and allowed better resupply, but the army still had individual or collective failures.

critique: The answer should mention the improved morale.

critique: The answer omits that the army became the most Jacobin of all the French armies.

question: Summarize the impact that would have been made by the many different commanders that were seen to command the Army of Italy.

answer: No answer

critique: Mention that the question asks for speculative or subjective answers.

critique: The answer should mention that the article does not say anything about the impact the commanders had on the army.